12

:
:


:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. 12
8. 12
9.
10.

1.

cobalamina

Zollinger-Elison

A
Nitrous oxide

1.

Methotrexate
Pyrimethamine
Trimethoprim
Sulfasalasin
Chlorguanide
Triamteren

6-mercaptopurine
6-thioguanin
Azatioprine
Acyclovir

5-fluorouracil
5-fluorodeoxyuridine
6-azauridine
Zidovudine

Hydroxyurea
Cytarabine

Phenitoin
Phenobarbital
Primidone

2.

2. -

. sui generis
.

: ,
.
.
Anemia pernitiosa, 12 (cobalamina)
.
3.
:
M , ,

1.

 2.

, .
,
, .
30 50%, .
: .
4.
, .
, . ,
. ,
. , ,
, , . ,
,
.
, , .
, , , (
) (Hunterov glostitis). (
) , , .
. .
, .

5.

MCV 100-150fL

,
,

,
Howell-Jollyeva
,
Cabotovi
,

, LDH

12

3.
12 .
Schillingov
: , ,
, , .
6.
cobalamina:
cianocobalamina hydroksicolabamina
100 , 1000 , ..,
2 , ,
, . .

3-5
1-2
10-14
4.

cobalamina .
cobalaminom.
12 1000 ,
.
7. 12
I : ()
II
.
1.
2.
3.
.
1.
2.
3.
4. ....
. colabamin
1. (D. Latum)
2. :
. : , ,
III ( II )

 ,
, .
,
12,
.
8. 12

. 3


..
1 3x 2
1 3
9.
I : (, )
II
.
.
.
. ( )
.
.
III
.
.
. : , , (?)
IV
. : , ...
9

.
. :
.

.
-
,
. .
,
.
( ).
(
) ( ;
). , ,
.
-


(
).
.
.
10.

- 1
5 , 4 ( )
15
10

 5 1-7

- 400 12
5 12.

11