Mastering:

, mastering ,

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mastering engineer
.
,
, ,
, , master --
mastering .
-
- .
mastering, .

1940
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mastering,

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) master , ,
mastering lathe
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,
.

.
1940

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1950 1970

1950
1970 mastering ,

mix
master tape.
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,
, mastering engineer.

mastering

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,

,
.
,
pop , 1950
1980,

mastering engineers.

1990
DAW studios
,
mastering ,
.
digital audio tapes (DAT)
,
premaster .

Mastering studio
Mixing & mastering studio
,
mastering,
digital mastering analog
mastering.

Loudness Wars
CD , ,
, mastering studios --

.
.
, jukebox
bar, 7
(pre-determined level)
.

(
hot)
.
.

CD,
mastering

.


. mastering,

 compressing limiting ,
.
.
compression limiting
mastering,
,
.
:

.
Hovhaness - And God Created Great Whales,

;
,

.
httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Gmex_4hreQ
,




Hot mastering
1994.

Metallica, Death Magnetic.
Guitar Hero,
mastering , CD.

, mastering,
.
Bob Katz, "Mastering Audio: The Art and the Science"
,
.

.
mastering engineer

 mastering
.
mastering room,
,

mastering .
,

. mastering

.
mastering
.
pre-master , mixdown
, ,

. , mastering ,
.
"mastering chain", ,
/ : equalizer, compression brickwall limiter.

, .
mastering : reverb,
stereo spreader noise reduction. compressor
mastering
,
compressor
.

mastering chain,
standards .

,
mastering.

mastering;
,
audio mastering,
.
mastering ;

Mastering .
.


(radio, , , club)
.

, mastering
, mastering engineer
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Links

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_mastering
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loudness_war