SENTENCE PATTERNS AND TYPES

In this course you will do writing at:

Sentence

level Paragraph level Essay level

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

What What What What What

is a sentence? are sentence patterns? is a phrase? is a clause? are sentence types?

WHAT IS A SENTENCE?
A group of words that:
expresses a complete thought. e.g. Imran runs. While you were in town. X

It has at least a subject and a verb.

A sentence is a group of words that contains at least a subject and a predicate. The subject is usually a noun, pronoun or noun phrase which clarifies what or whom the speaker is talking about. The predicate explains what is said or asked about the subject. It usually comes after the subject and includes at least a single subject. The subject and predicate can be single words or group of words.

Subject My father (noun) They (pronoun)

Predicate drinks. (verb) enjoy playing badminton. (group of words) is progressing well until now.
5

His own business (noun phrase)

The Predicate
The predicate is classified into a few components: Verbs describe a state of being, an action or an occurrence Objects refer to nouns, pronouns or noun phrases Complements refer to adjectives and nouns, pronouns or noun phrases Expansions single words or group of words to make complete sentences longer

Basic Sentence Patterns

Subjects and verbs should agree in number. Examples:

Subject (S), Verb (V)

Ain

reads. S V (predicate)

 Subject

(S), Verb (V) The students jog. S V (predicate)

 Subject

(S), Verb (V), Object (O) Ain reads journals. S V O ~~~~~~~~~~ (predicate)

 Subject

(C)

(S), Verb (V), Complement

Ain reads an interesting topic. S V C ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (predicate)

 Subject

(S), Verb (V), Expansion (E)

Ain reads during leisure time. S V E ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (predicate)

What is a phrase?

a logical grouping of words e.g. the blue wall blue wall the blue X

What is a clause

A group of words containing at least a subject and a verb Two types of clauses: 1. Dependent: cannot stand on its own does not express a complete thought e.g. While I was in town

2. Independent :

can stand on its own expresses a complete thought

e.g.

My friend came to visit. independent clause = sentence

Therefore:

Types of Sentences
Simple Compound Complex