HOW TO THINK ?

THINKING ABOUT THINKING?

Parallel Thinking
Lateral Thinking
Creative Thinking
 WELCOME
TO
SESSION
---DHEEMANT P. R. AMBEDKAR
Mahanayak Kanshiramji School of Thinking
Mahanayak Kanshiramji
School of Thinking
Director General
Dheemant P R Ambedkar
Email: prambedkar@rediffmail.com
.
C-4/207 , NATASHA ENCLAVE ,
NIBM , KONDHWA, PUNE–411048.
FAX / Ph: 020-26835230 ; M: 9822406581.
 The Skill Of Thinking?
The Direct Teaching of Thinking as A Skill?

Chanakya Or Kautilya wrote (350BC):--

àXrn: gd©{dÚmZm_wnm`:
gd©H$_m©Um_² &
 Aml`: gd©Y_m©Um§
eœXmÝdr{jH$s _Vm &&
(1.2.12)
 Nemo Nascitur Sapiens Artifex
No One is ever born a Skilled Thinker.
Edward de Bono revised Descartes‘ famous
philosophical axiom,
‘cogito ergo sum’
(I think therefore I am).
In Edward de Bono's improvement, it becomes

‘ago ergo erigo’

(I act therefore I construct / act.)
Are we really as Innovatie as we think we are?
In 250 BC, Governance of Ashoka The Great,
By Thinking For Welfare and Prosper State.

Can be taught Thinking? Or, Thinking can be taught?

Example: -- Car : Intelligence.
Driving Skill : Thinking Skill.
Thinking can be taught and makes difference.
The Six Hats Thinking benefits:
 It gives Power.
 It saves Time.
 It avoids Ego or goes beyond Ego.
 It improves Exploration.
 It fosters Collaboration Behaviour.
 It gives / improves Values.
 It improves Innovation and Creativity.
 We can learn to think Parallel with others.
 The Better Governance of Ashoka The Great,
By Thinking For Welfare and Prosper State.

What was the secret of the successful

Governance of Ashoka The Great who had
minimum Military Force and minimum
Police Force in his Empire, even though
his Governance had protected the Great
Empire’s boundary of Triple-India,
maintained its absolute sovereignty, and
made their people happy and prosper?
The period of Governance of the Mourya
Empire was a period of freedom, greatness
and glory.
 The Better Governance of Ashoka The Great,
By Thinking For Welfare and Prosper State.

Ashoka The Great had adopted and

implemented the Faculty of Thinking
Skill (AmÝdr{jH$s {dÚm) in
Education System as well as Training
System in Administration of his
Governance, which had been caused to
be created /constructed the thinking
personalities in Administration as well
as people at large. (the Present and Future
generation both).
 Are you a 3-Minute Thinker?
Answer TRUE or FALSE.
1. We're all born skilled thinkers.
2. Thinking requires a weekend, a hammock
and a pitcher of lemonade.
3. Breakthrough ideas come about mostly by
accident.
4. Feelings usually prevent good thinking.
5. Smart people are the best thinkers.
6. Too much thinking leads to inaction and too
little thinking leads to superficiality.
TRUE…… / FALSE ……
 Multiple Choice
1. Thinking is most like:
a. philosophy
b. psychology
c. karate
2. Solving a problem is a matter of:
a. finding the right answer
b. using one proven technique
c. discovering what works
3. Resolving a conflict is a matter of:
a. getting your way
b. proving your adversary wrong
c. bridging the gap between disagreement and agreement
4. Tough decisions require:
a. lots of information
b. long periods of thinking
c. short, focused bursts of thinking
5. If you want to involve other people in your thinking, it’s best to:
 ask others what they would do
 let someone else decide
 ask others for structured, thinking input

3Minutes’ Answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
 Challenges of 21st Century
Tomorrow is closer than you think.
The Next Society will be a Knowledge Society. Knowledge will be the
Key Resource and Knowledge Workers will be the Dominant Group
in the Workforce.— Borderlessness, Upward Mobility available to
everyone, Potential for Failure as well as Success.
Information Age is over; we entered into the Concept Age.
There was a time when Information was the Bottleneck, now no more.
We can get all information we need.
The new BottleNeck is “Thinking and Creative Thinking”
in particular.
In new Age into which we are moving, Creative
Thinking is going to be the Key Skill.
No–One is ever born a skill thinker.
 You have two choices:--
 Thinking is a matter of Intelligence.
Intelligence is determined by the Genes with
whom you were born? You can no more
change your thinking than you can truly
change the colour of your eyes.
2. Thinking is a Skill that can be improved by
training, by practice and through learning to
do it better. Thinking is no different from
any other Skill and we can get getter at the
skill of thinking if we have the will to do so.
 The Skill Of Thinking?
The Direct Teaching of Thinking as a Skill?

The Creative, Constructive,

Design & Operating Aspects
of Thinking, are just as
important as ‘Knowledge’.
Traditional Thanking
 Argument- Prove that someone is wrong / right.
 Judgement- Proved/Not proved, Right or
Wrong
 Analysis- Obtain better data or information .
 Criticism- Critics or Logical Thinking.
 Journalistic Six: -- 5 W & 1 H
 “Raise the better question,
You will get better answer.”
--Alex Osborn’s
 Car Analogy
To Understand Thinking
 Intelligence is like the Horsepower of a Car. It is possible that the
‘Intelligence’ Potential of Mind is determined partly by Genes.
Even so, there is evidence that the use of the mind can change the
enzyme characteristics of the Brain just as the use of muscles can
change their characteristics
 Performance of a Car does not depend upon the Horsepower of the
Car but upon the Skill--Driving Skill with which the Driver drives
the Car. So if intelligence is the Horsepower of the Car, then
“Thinking” is the Skill with which the Horsepower is used.
 If you have a Powerful Car then you need to improve your
Driving Skill. If you do not improve your driving skill then you
will not be able to make full use of the available power. You may
also be a danger to others. In a similar way, highly intelligent
people need to improve their Thinking Skills in order to make full
use of that high intelligence. Much of the potential of high
intelligence is otherwise wasted.
 Car Analogy
To Understand Thinking
 CAR : Intelligence.
 Driving Skill : Thinking Skill.
 Thinking can be taught and makes difference.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Intelligence Quotient = the innate horsepower

of a car
 The KNOWLEDGE = the fuel
 THINKING SKILL = the driving skill
Thinking is the Operating Skill through
which Intelligence acts upon experience

 Intelligence is a Potential.
 Thinking is an Operating Skill.
 The biggest enemy of thinking
is the feeling that our thinging is
pretty good anyway and we do
not need to do anything about it.
 “Without Thinking,
the feeling is tyranny.”
To educate The People in Thinking,
Means

“Weare dealing with

the most powerful force
on earth.”
I WILL NEVER FORGIVE
MY EDUCATION SYSTEM
FOR NOT TEACHING ME
‘HOW TO THINK?’.

--Dheemant P R Ambedkar
 THINKING SKILL:
ENJOY YOUR
BEAUTIFUL MIND
A BEAUTIFUL BODY
AND

A BEAUTIFUL FACE
will age and grow old.
 i f u l Mi n d
A B ea u t
“
NO T A G E
DO ES ,
F a c t
And I n
N
O M E E V E
C A N B E C
U T I F U L .”
R E B E A
MO
-- Dr. EDWARD DE BONO.
 Learn-Teach:
Thinking As An Operating Skill.
Thinking Skill Is Life Skill.
“GREAT HEIGHTS ATTRACT US
NOT THE STEPS TOWARDS
Please Think in terms ofTHEM.”
Value Creation for Indians:
Caste is unthinkingness; Caste devitalize.
De-Caste Concept revitalize Indian Personality.
Becoming De-Caste means improving your Thinking Skill.
Future of India lying in imparting Thinking Skill to all Students.
Caste: A System of Perverse Superstition:
“Father could not help it and the son could not cure it.”
 Challenge of 21st Century

“Instead of judging our way forward, we

need to design our way forward. We
need to be thinking about ‘what can
be’, not just about ‘what is’.
If you do not design the future,
someone or something else will
design it for you.”
--MKSOT
 Challenge of 21st Century
Let us Learn-Teach Possibility & Creativity
Power of Powers is Power of Possibility.
Possibility is the Driver of Thinking.
Learn Thinking – Teach Thinking.
Learn Possibility – Teach Possibility.
Learn Creativity – Teach Creativity
Learn Value Creation – Teach Value
Creation
The level of performance
must be confirmed to
the level of thinking.
Our task is uphill
task.
Be Thinking
Attention-Directing Tools
of Thinking Skill: --
 P M I: Plus + Minus + Interesting
 C A F: Consider All Factors
 RULES
 C & S: Consequences & Sequel
 A G O: Aims, Goals, Objectives
 PLANNING
 F I P: First Important Priority
 A P C: Alternatives, Possibility, Choice
 DECISIONS
 O P V: Other People Views
 THINKING SKILL
IS
ULTIMATE HUMAN RESOURCE.

THINKIN is the
most G
important and essential
Skill for one’s better life.

Do you need to learn Thinking Skill?

 HOW TO LEARN
THINKING?
HOW TO THINK?
 Thinking is a skill.
 Thinking is an operating skill.
 Thinking can be learnt,
improved, advanced, and
taught & enjoyed.
 How to Learn thinking ?
Prepare to avoid or remove the obstacles in the
Way of Thinking. This is the beginning in
learning and improving in the Thinking.
Regard thinking as a SKILL rather as a gift of
God or Birth is the first step towards doing
something to improve in THINKING.
Be Creative Thinkers, we must be Free of
Constraints of Traditions and History.
No One is ever born a Skilled Thinker.
 Education= K + I + Th
Knowledge+Intelligence+Thinking
Obstacles Or Barriers In THINKING= ICE
How to break this ICE?
I2 IMITATIONS I2 INNOVATION & CREATIVITY
INDIFFERNT ATTITUDE POSITIVE & CONSTRUCTIVE

C6 COMPLEXITY C6 SIMPLICITY
CONFUSION CLARITY
COMPLACENCY INADEQUACY
CONTENTMENT UNSATISFACTION
COMPLETENESS MOVEMENT / IMPERMANENCE
COMMITMENT STRONG COMMITMENT
E2 EGO E2 BEYOUND EGO
EMOTIONS EMOTIONAL INTELLIGNECE
 Imitation is easy.
Innovation is difficult.
---Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar
Every thing has changed,
Except our way of thinking.
--Dr. Albert Einstein

Education is the intelligently directed

development of the possibilities
inherent in ordinary experience.
--Prof. John Dewey (USA)
 Define Thinking
 THINKING is an Operating
Skill through which Intelligence
acts upon Experiences.
 THINKING is the deliberate
exploration of Experience for a
Purpose.
That Purpose may be Understanding, Decision-
Making, Problem-solving, Planning, Judgement,
Designing a Way Forward, Action, and so on.
 PARALLEL THINKING
a y i n g
s L
y m e a n
E a c h
s i m pl d e
n k i n g g S i is p u t e ,
l e l T h i A l o n n o d
a r a l a s c l a s h , e i s
“P I de i s no T h e r
D o w n T h e re
g e m e n t.
s u b j e c t
j u d t h e
t h e r. / F a l s e n o f m a y ,
O i t i al T ru e
x p l o r a t i o
e c i s i o n
d n o in i n e E a n d D s . ”
an G e n u i o n P r o c e s
a l u s N ’
instead which Conc h a ‘DESIG
r o m t h r o u g
f e r i v ed
n , b e d
t h e

--Dr. Edward de Bono

 Defining
the Parallel Thinking
1. Laying down Ideas along side each other,
2. There is no clash, no dispute, and no true or
false Judgement,
3. A Genuine Exploration,
4. Conclusion and Decision,
5. Derive through a “Design Process”.
 Everyone is always right.
No one is ever right.
---Dr. Edward de Bono

Those who need

Changes / Transformation
must have also Power
to shape and direct Them.
Thinking is ultimate Human Resource.
Separate Ego from Performance
Separate Emotion from Logic
Separate Creativity from Information

Understanding patterning system of the

mind
 Dr. Edward de Bono
 The mind works to make sense out of confusion
and uncertainty
 The mind works to recognize familiar patterns in
the outside world
 As soon as such a pattern is recognized the mind
switches into it and follows it along--further
thinking is unnecessary ...
 Unless there are competing patterns, then
anything remotely similar to the established
pattern will be treated just as if it were that
pattern.
 Unless there is a competing valley, water which
falls quite far away will end up at the center of
the valley
 Knowledge Society of India
v/s

Knowledge Deprived Society

In order to reach the Goal of Creating a
Knowledge Society, the majority of the
people of India must be helped to
overcome “Information Poverty.” The
Knowledge Deprived have to be given access
to relevant and timely Information and
Knowledge to address the roles they should
play in the development process.
--Recommondation by National Knowledge Commission,
India.
 You can analyze the past,
but you have to design the future.
As a biological system the human brain handles information in
a way that is quite different from traditional information
systems. In traditional information systems we store
information symbolically and then operate on these symbols
accordingly to certain rules (logic, mathematics, grammar etc,).
Traditional computers store information in memory and then
act upon it with the processor.
In biological systems the information and the
receiving surface act together as a self-organizing
Information system – which means they produce
patterns and arrangements on their own. In
biology, information triggers the next stable state
of the system.
 The Thinking Techniques
Alternatives:
How to use concepts as a breeding ground for new ideas:
Sometimes we do not look for alternatives at all. This session
shows how to extract the concept behind a group of
alternatives and then use it to generate further alternatives

Focus:
When, and how to change the focus of your thinking.The
discipline of defining your focus and sticking to it.The
attitudes of focusing on matters that are not problem areas.
How to generate and use a Creative Hit list.
 The Thinking Techniques
Challenge:
Breaking free from the limits of accepted ways of operating.
With Challenge, we believe that the present way of doing
things is not necessarily the best. Challenge is not an attack
or criticism. It is the willingness to explore the reasons
why we do things the way we do and whether there are any
alternatives
Random Entry:
Using unconnected input to open new lines of thinking.
Provocation & Movement:
This session explores the nature of perception and how it
limits our creativity. The Provocation techniques are
designed to challenge these limitations. Movement is a new
mental operation that we can use as an alternative to
judgment. It allows us to develop a provocative idea into
one that is workable and realistic.
 The Thinking Techniques
Harvesting:
At the end of a Creative Thinking session we normally only
take note of the specific ideas that seem practical and have
obvious value. We need to make a deliberate harvesting effort
to collect ideas and concepts that all less well developed.
Main Course Objectives:
The overall objective of the 2-day programme is to learn a
systematic step-by step approach to generating new ideas and
new concepts. This is achieved through the application of a
variety of techniques within a formal structure for creative
thinking. By the end of the programme, the participants will
have learned that creativity is not just a talent or a matter of
luck, but rather that it is a skill that can be learned and applied
deliberately.
Creativity is the cheapest way to get added
value to existing assets.
--Edward de Bono
 Challenge the Concept!
Lead to Innovation!
Resolve to Creativity!
 Thinking Skill is Life Skill and Human
Resource .
 Thinking is The Skill of leading yourself,
 Leadership is The Skill of helping others to lead
themselves.
 We may need to solve some problems not by
removing the cause but by designing the way
forward even if the cause remains in place.
 -- Dr. Edward de Bono
The Six Hats Thinking benefits:

 It gives Power.
 It saves Time.
 It avoids Ego or goes beyond Ego.
 It improves Exploration.
 It fosters Collaboration Behaviour.
 It gives / improves Values.
 It improves Innovation and Creativity.
 We can learn to think Parallel with
others.
how TO THINK?
Explore = Investigate the
unknown “ regions.
I will
never
forgive
my
education
system for
not
Mahanayak Kanshiramji
School of Thinking
Director General
Dheemant P R Ambedkar
Email: prambedkar@rediffmail.com
C-4/207
. , NATASHA ENCLAVE ,
NIBM , KONDHWA, PUNE–411048.
FAX / Ph: 020-26835230 ; M: 9822406581.
Thank you!
Visit Again
TEACH INDIA TO THINK
Mahanayak Kanshiramji
School of Thinking
Dheemant P R Ambedkar
Director General
.
C-4/207 , NATASHA ENCLAVE ,
OPP: NIBM , KONDHWA, PUNE–411048.

Ph: 020-26835230 Mobile: 9822406581.