o"kZ

22,

la[;k

vDrwcj]

2008

ewY; %

#i;

çfrjksèk dk Loj

la?k laxBuks a}kjk blkbZ;ks aij geyksa ds f[kykQ nf{k.kmM+ hlk can dk O;kid vlj

13 flrEcj] 2008 dks daèkeky ftysesablkbZ;ksa ds f[kykQ lkEiznkf;d fgalk dsfo#) nf{k.k mM+hlk can dk O;kid vljiM+kA can ds dkj.k tuthou vLrO;Lr gksx;kA lkEiznkf;d fgalk ds nks"kh laxBuks a ds f[kykQ dkjZokbZ djus rFkk fgalk ds f'kdkjyksxksa ds fy, lqj{kk dh ekax dks ysdjnf{k.k mM+hlk ds ikap ftyksaµ daèkeky]xate] xtifr] jk;xMk o dksjkiqVµ esa 12?kaVs ds can dk vkokg~u fd;k x;k FkkA candk vkokg~u lh-ih-vkbZ- ¼,e&,y½&U;w MseksØslh] lh-ih-vkbZ- ¼,e&,y½&fycjs'ku]lh-ih-vkbZ- ¼,e&,y½&dkuw lkU;ky] ,l-;w-lh-vkbZ- rFkk lektoknh tu ifj"kn usfd;k FkkA nf{k.k mM+hlk esa dk;Zjr yksd laxzke eap us can dk leFkZu fd;k FkkAcan ds nkSjku daèkeky] xate] xtifr]jk;xMk o dksjkiqV ftyks a esa okgu ugha pysrFkk cktkj can jgsA mM+hlk jkT; ifjogufuxe us czg~ekiqj ls cls a jí dj nha rFkkizkbosV clsa Hkh ugha pyhaA daèkeky ftys dsjkbfd;k] nkfjaxckM+h] dksVxkMk] rqeqMhckaèk]uqvkxkao] fVdkcyh rFkk mn;fxjh {ks=kksa esanqdkusa o O;kikfjd laLFkku can jgsA ;|fiiw js daèkeky ftyses a ;krk;kr can jgk ijUrq nkfjaxckM+h] czkg~e.khxkao rFkk jkbfd;k {ks=kksaesa can dk xgjk vlj jgkA nkfjaxckM+h esalh-vkj-ih-,Q- rFkk izn'kZudkfj;ksa ds chpVdjko gqvkA lh-vkj-ih-,Q- us ykBhtkpZfd;kA nksigj ckn nkfjaxckM+h esa tulHkkdh xbZ ftls yksd laxzke eap ds lfpo dk-dqlkukFk izèkku rFkk lh-ih-vkbZ- ¼,e&,y½&U;w MseksØslh usrk dk- vf[ky izèkku us lacksfèkrfd;kAjk;xMk ftys ds equhxqMk] ineiqj]xq.kiqj rFkk vU; dsUnzksa ij can dk vljjgkA xtifr ftysesa ;krk;kr can jgkrFkk yksxksa us txg&txg izn'kZu fd;kAxate ftys esa [kkyhdksV rFkk jEHkkLVs'kuksaij dbZ?kaVks a rd jsyxkfM+;kacan dh xb±A jEHkk esa26 izn'kZudkfj;ks a dksfxj¶rkj fd;k x;kA vLdk rFkk Hkatuxj esalM+d ekxZ vo#) jgkA xate ftysesa ljksMk]èkkjdksV] lkuk[kseaMh rFkk 'ksjx<+ CykWd esacan dk O;kid vlj jgkA czg~ekiqj esalkEiznkf;d ln~Hkko ds fy, jSyh fudkyhxbZ ftlesa lkEiznkf;d laxBuksa ds f[kykQdkjZokbZ dh ekax dh xbZAtugLr{ksi rFkk ih-;w -Mh-vkj- us 19flrEcj] 2008 dks ckVyk gkml esa gq, dfFkr eqBHksM+ ds lanHkZ esa mBs iz'uksa dhtkap ds fy, ,d Vhe xfBr dhA Vhe dslnL; Fks % Mk- ,u-ds- HkV~Vkpk;Z¼tugLr{ksi½] 'kkguk HkV~Vkpk;Z ¼ih-;w-Mh-vkj-½] Mk- bZ'k feJk ¼tugLr{ksi½] iz'kkarHkw "k.k ¼mPpre U;k;ky; vfèkoDrk½] ,u-Mh- iapksyh ¼vfèkoDrk] fnYyh mPpU;k;ky;½ rFkk tkfe;k fefy;k bLykfe;kds f'k{kd izks- ehj bfEr;kt o Jhjs[kkA

21 flrEcj] 2008 dh rF; tkapdk;Zokgh ds dqN ifj.kke

1- vkfrQ rFkk lkftn dh ^eqBHksM+*gR;kvksa dk LFkku ,y&18] ckVyk gkml,d pkj eaftyk edku gS ftlesagj eaftyij nks ?kj gSa rFkk lhf<+;ka ,d gSaA edku esatkus dk ,d gh jkLrk gSA ckdh lHkh LFkkuksaij fxzy yxh gSrFkk muls ckgj ughafudyk tk ldrkA bl edku ds nksuksavksj cusedku nks eafty ds gSaA edku dslkeus ,d ladjh xyh gS rFkk ihNsdh xyhvkSj Hkh raxA2- nLrkosth lk{; lkfcr djrs gSa fd iqfyl }kjk 21 vxLr] 2008 dks izkIrvkfrQ ds w fdjk;snkj tkap dsQkeZes avkfrQ us lgh tkudkfj;ka nh FkhaA ;g QkeZ NikgSrFkk bl ij tkfe;k uxj Fkkus dh eqgjyxh gS rFkk gLrk{kj gSaA QkeZ es a mldk

tugLr{ksi rFkk ih-;w -Mh-vkj- dstkap ny dh vksj lstkjh çSl c;ku

tkfe;k uxj ^eqBHksM+* gR;kvks adh U;kf;d tkap dh ekax

¼'ks "k i"B

ij½ ¼'ks "k i"B

ij½

fo'o iwathokn esa gq, ladV ds foLQksVdh pisV esa lHkh ns'k vk;s gq, g® rFkk bldsdEiu nqfu;k Hkj esa eglwl fd;stk jgs gSaA^fodflr* o ^fodkl'khy*( vesfjdk]if'peh o iwohZ ;w jksi] :l] phu] HkkjrlHkh vFkZO;oLFkk,a cqjh rjg fgy xbZ gSaAladV ds bl foLQksV dksßlok±xh.kfi?kykoÞ] ßfoÙkh; RlqukehÞ dgk tk jgkgS rFkk ßfoÙkh; iwathokn ds varÞ ls ysdjßvesfjdh iwathokn dsvarÞ] ßiwathokn dsvarÞ dh vkoktsalqukbZ ns jgh gSaA ßcktkj lcls vPNk tkudkj gSÞ ds izoÙkZd uomnkjoknh vFkZ'kkL=kh cktkj ls ckgj gksx;sgS arFkk uo&vuqnkjoknh ys[kdks adh L;kgh lw [k xbZgSA 'khr;q) dh lekfIr dksia w thokn dh vafre fot; crkdj ßbfrgkl dk varÞcrkus okys Qqdq;kek us fQj ls bfrgkl ijfy[kuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA lektokn dhpqukSrh dh lekfIr rFkk iwathokn ds fuckZèktkjh jgus ds nkos O;Ld gksus dh mez rd igqaprs&igqaprs dcz dh vksj tk jgs gSaA iwjkfo'o iwathokn Hk;kud mFky&iqFky ls xqtjjgk gSA ,dek=k vfregk'kfDr vesfjdk dhfo'o izHkqRo lqfuf'pr djusdh eqfge Hkkjhnyny esa èkal xbZ gSAbl ladV ds ckjs esa varjkZ"Vªh; eqnzkdks"k usfo'o vkfFkZd ifjn'; es a dgk gS % ßvxLr 2007 es a QwVk orZeku foÙkh; ladVegku eanh ds le; ls lcls cM+k foÙkh;>Vdk gS] ftlus foÙkh; O;oLFkk ds dsUnz esafLFkr laLFkkvksa o cktkjksa dks Hkkjh uqdlkuigqapk;k gSAÞ egku eanh ds fo'ks"kK ekustkus okys vesfjdh QsMjy fjtoZ ds vè;{kcukZUds orZeku ladV ds ckjs esamrus ghfn'kkghu gS a ftrus1920&*29 ds mHkkj dsiwathoknh vFkZ'kkL=kh 1929 ls 'kq: gqbZ egku eanh ds ckjsesa FksA nqfu;k es a iwathokn dsrgr fodkl ds ßÅij ls fjlusÞ ¼fVªdyMkmu½ ds fl)kardkj bfo±x vkb'kj tSlsvFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa dh rjg okf'kaxVu lgefrrFkk ÝhMeSu tSlsvFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa ds Ldwy esai<+svkt dsiwathoknh vFkZ'kkL=kh Hkh vkfFkZd ladV ds bl foLQksV ds lkeusfdadrZO;foew<+ gSaA fiNys yxHkx nksn'kdksals jkT; dks vkfFkZd thou ls vyx j[kusds izoÙkZd vkt tksj&'kksj lsljdkjksa dsgLr{ksi dh ekax dj jgs gSaA rhljh nqfu;kds ns'kksa dks ßfuthdj.kÞ] ßcktkjvFkZO;oLFkkÞ rFkk ljdkjh gLr{ksi dhlekfIr dk mins'k nsus okys vesfjdk rFkkvU; if'peh lkezkT;oknh ns'kksa ds 'kkld yk[kksa vjc Mkyj iwathoknh foÙkh; laLFkkvksadkscpkus esa >ksad jgs gSaA ßljdkj ghleL;k gSÞ ¼jhxu] 1980½ rFkk ßcM+hljdkjks adk ;qx lekIr gkspqdk gSÞ ¼fDyaVu] 1996½ dh txg cM+s iSekus ij ljdkjhgLr{ksi ds izoÙkZdksa usys yh gSA ftl rjg cktkjksa dksr; djus nsus rFkk ßfVªdyMkmuÞ fl)kar dsiSjksdkj gcZV gw oj ßegku eanhÞ dsckn cM+ siSekusij ljdkjh gLr{ksi ds vuq;kbZ cus] mlh rjg uomnkjoknhvFkZ'kkfL=k;ks a ds iksLVj Cok; tktZcq'k vkt ds vesfjdk esa ljdkjh gLr{ksi ds okgd cus gq, gSaAvkfFkZd ladV dk ekStwnk foLQksVvesfjdk esa 'kq: gqvk rFkk lkjh nqfu;k esaQSy x;kA bl foLQksV ds fo'oO;kih izHkkoesa fiNys Ms<+ n'kdksa ls ykxw dh tk jghoS'ohdj.k dh uhfr;ksa dh cM+h Hkwfedk gSAoS'ohdj.k ds rgr lkezkT;oknh iwath dsfy, fo'o ds cktkjksa] izkdfrd lalkèkuks a rFkk Je'kfDr ds nksgu o 'kks"k.k dk jkLrkfuckZèk fd;k x;k rFkk lezkT;oknh ns'kks a dhfoÙkh; iwath ds fy, ekxZ fu"daVd djukbldk eq[; igyw FkkA blfy, vesfjdk ls'kq: gq, foÙkh; fi?kyko us nqfu;k Hkj dscktkjksa dks viuh pisV esa ysfy;kAfoÙkh; ladV dsbl foLQksV dk vanktkbl ckr ls yxk;k tk ldrk gSfd vDrw cjdsigys lIrkg rd fiNys,d o"kZ esavesfjdk esa 'ks;jksa dk ewY; 42 izfr'kr ?kVx;kA nqfu;k dh nw ljh cM+h vFkZO;oLFkktkiku es a,d ekg es afuDdh lw pdkad es a,d frgkbZ ¼30 izfr'kr½ dk gzkl gqvkA :l esa'ks;j cktkj 70 izfr'kr ewY; [kks pqdk gSA;wjksih; ns'kksa esa Hkh uqdlku yxHkx 50izfr'kr jgkA Hkkjr o phu esa fiNys 6eghus esa vDrwcj ds eè; rd 'ks;j cktkjesa 51 izfr'kr dh deh vkbZAvkfFkZd ladV dk ;g foLQksV vesfjdkesa foÙkh; ladV ls gqvkA lcls igys iwathfuos'k cSad bldk fu'kkuk cusA fiNys 7o"kks± lsvesfjdk o ;wjksih; ns'kksa esaHkou fuekZ.k ds cqycqys dsQwVus ls bl ladV dh'kq#vkr gqbZA njvly] 2001 ds ckn lsfjgk;'kh ?kjks a dh dherksaesaHkkjh of) gqbZ Fkh rFkk Hkou fuekZ.k m|ksx dh bl nkSj dhvkfFkZd of) es a ,d cM+ h Hkw fedk FkhA Hkou fuekZ.k cqycqys ds ckjs esa bdksuksfeLV us

iw athifr;ks als] iw athifr;ks adsfy, iw athokn dh j{kk&

p.Mhx<+% Hkkjr&vesfjdk vk.kfod le>kSrsdsfojksèk es aiatkc LVw MsUV~ l ;w fu;u us26 flrEcj dksfojksèk&çn'kZu fd;kA çn'kZudkfj;ks aij ykBhpktZfd;k x;k rFkk ikuh dh ckSNkjs aNksM+ h xb±ftues aih-,l-;w - dsvusd usrkvks adkspksVs avkb±A

çfrjks/k dk Loj

vDrwcj]

2008

lgh eksckby uEcj gSA3- xksfy;ka yxrk gS 11 cts iwok±gupyuh 'kq: gqb±A izR;{knf'kZ;ksa dk dguk gSfd fu;fer iqfyl blds yxHkx 15 feuVckn vkbZ rFkk ehfM;k iqfyl vkus ds 5&10feuV cknA ml le; rd lkjk {ks=k dkMZudj fn;k x;k FkkA4- iqfyl us fdlh dks Hkh ^eqBHksM+*gR;kvks a esaejsyksxks a dk psgjk ugha fn[kk;kA u gh iqfyl us ehfM;k dks vijkèk&LFkyrd tkus fn;k ftls lhy dj fn;k x;kFkkA ehfM;k ds vkus rd yxrk gS eksgupUnz 'kekZ dks ?kk;y voLFkk esa pkj eaftyuhps ys tk;k x;k tks ?kko ?kkrd lkfcrgq,A ,d QksVksxzkQ es a psru ,e-lh- 'kekZdks nks lg;ksfx;ksa}kjk ckgj ys tk;k tkrkfn[kk;k x;kA mudk [kwu fudy jgk FkkAdqN ehVj nwj ftu yksxksa us mUgsa ns[kkmudk dguk gS fd mudk dkQh [kwu cg jgk Fkk tc mUgs alehiorhZ[kyhcqYyk efLtn ds lkeus ls ys tk;k x;kA5- blh ¶ySV esa jgus okyk th'kkudfFkr eqBHksM+ dsle; vkbZ-vkbZ-ih-,e- dh izos'k ijh{kk ns jgk Fkk rFkk mls ckn esa 19flrEcj dh jkr dks gSMykbZu VwMs ds>.Msokyku LVwfM;ks lsfxj¶rkj fd;k x;kAmlusmDr Vsyhfotu LVw fM;ksdkslk{kkRdkj fn;k Fkk ftls vkaf'kd :i ls fn[kk;kx;kA tc og LVwfM;ks ls ckgj vk jgk Fkk]iqfyl us fxj¶rkj dj fy;kA mls Hkhvkradoknh crk;k tk jgk gSA

iqfyl c;ku ls tqM+s loky

1- dqy fdrus ekLVjekb±M gS a \ t;iqj]vgenkckn rFkk fnYyh esa gq, ce foLQksVksarFkk lwjr esa ce Lds;j ds fy, fofHkéjkT;ks adh iqfyl usgw th] fleh rFkk bf.M;u eqtkfgfnu dks ftEesnkj Bgjk;k gSA vcw c'kj] rkSfdj bR;kfn dsckn ,dk,d vkfrQlHkh ce foLQksVksa dk u;k ekLVjekb±M cux;k gSA blds uke dk mYys[k igys dHkhughagqvk] dqN fnuks aigysfnYyh ce foLQksVks a ds ckn tkjh fd;s x;s ftEesnkj yksxksadsLdSp ds le; HkhA2- iqfyl dks dc irk pyk fd osvkradoknh Fks\ ;fn ?kqlus ls igys gh mUgs a irk Fkk rks mUgksaus edku ls fudyus dsjkLrs dks lhy dj dfFkr vkradokfn;ksa dksleiZ.k djus ds fy, D;ksa ugha dgk \3- ;fn Lis'ky lsy dks irk Fkk fd osvkradoknh gSa rks bu [kw a[kkj vkradokfn;ksadks fxj¶rkj djus dsfy, tkus ls igys,e-lh- 'kekZus cqysVizwQ tSdsV D;ksa ughaiguh \4- ;fn Lis'ky lsy dks ?kqlus ls igys;g irk ugha Fkk fd osvkradoknh Fks rksmldsQkSju ckn fxj¶rkj O;fDr lsiw NrkN djus rFkk dfFkr eqBHksM+dsLFkku ls lk{;ks a dk vè;;u fd;s cxSj mUgksaus dSls nkokfd;k fd os vkradoknh Fks rFkk ce foLQksVks adsekLVjekb±M Fks \5- nks yksx dSls Qjkj gks x;s tcfd edku ls fudyus dk ,dek=k ogh jkLrk gSftlls l'kL=k Lis'ky lsy ?kqlk Fkk \6- ;fn osce foLQksVksadsfy, ftEesnkj vkradoknh Fks rks fu'p; gh mUgksaus 21vxLr] 2008 dks iqfyl dksfdjk;snkjtkap QkeZ esaviuk lgh fooj.k ugha fn;kgksrkA ;g frfFk vgenkckn foLQksVksa dsckn rFkk fnYyh foLQksVksa ds igys gSA7- Lis'ky lsy vc nkok dj jgk gS fd mDr tkap QkeZ QthZ gS tcfd ml ijtkfe;k uxj Fkkus dh lhy yxh gS rFkkgLrk{kj gSA ;snLrkost edku ds ds;jVsdj }kjk dfFkr eqBHksM+ ds nks ?kaVsds HkhrjehfM;k dks lkSais x;s FksA vr% mlds iklQthZ nLrkost rS;kj djus dk le; ughaFkkA8- izdkf'kr lekpkjksads vuqlkj iqfylusfnYyh ce foLQksVksa ds fy, ftEesnkjyksxksa dks ns[kus dk nkok djus okys yksxksa}kjk budh igpku ugha djkbZxbZA D;k bunks cPpksa dks nQukus lsigysbudh igpkudjkbZ xbZ Fkh \ D;k iqfyl us buds LdSpdks igys tkjh vkjksfi;ksa ds LdSp lsfeyk;k \ ;fn ,slk iz;kl fd;k x;k rksmldk D;k urhtk jgk \9- ^eqBHksM+* ds ckjs esa fookn rFkkvVdyckft;ks a o izSl esa iksLVekVZe fjiksVks±ds mYys[k ds ckotwn bu nks ;qokvksa rFkkiqfyldehZ dh iksLVekVZe fjiksVs± ifjokjksarFkk turk dks D;ksa ugha miyCèk djk;h tkjgh g® \10- D;k ^eqBHksM+* ?kVuk ds ckjs esaizkFkfedh ntZ dh x;h rFkk tkap 'kq: dhx;h \ ¼tSlk fd dkuwuu t:jh gS½11- flrEcj 19] 2008 dksgksyh Qsfeyh vLirky }kjk tkjh c;ku ds vuqlkj ,e-lh- 'kekZ dh Nkrh rFkk mnj ds ,Dljs esaßdksbZ ckgjh pht ugha gSÞ rks mUgsa yxhxksfy;ksadk D;k gqvk \ D;k mUgs a ?kVukLFky ls cjken fd;k x;k rFkk tkap ds fy, Hkstk x;k \

izkFkfed fu"d"kZ

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tugLr{ksi rFkk ih-;w -Mh-vkj- dstkap ny dh vksj lstkjh çSl c;ku

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3- edku ls nks yksxksa ds Hkkx tkus dhdgkuh ,dne cscqfu;kn gSA4- bldsckn ds;jVsdj dscsVsft;kmj jgeku rFkk 'kdhy o vU; dh fxj¶rkjhfd os Hkh "kM~;a=k esa 'kkfey Fks] cgqr ghlansgkLin gS rFkk iqfyl c;ku ds fojksèk esac;ku nsus rFkk lk{; nsus okys O;fDr;ksadsf[kykQ cnys dh Hkkouk ls dh xbZdkjZokbZyxrh gSA5- iqfyl dk nkok fd ?kVuk ds nks ?kaVsckn ds;jVsdj jgeku }kjk ehfM;k dksfn;k x;k fdjk;snkj tkap QkeZ QthZ gS],dne fo'oluh; ugha gSA dksbZ otg ughafn[krh fd jgeku igys ls gh ,slk QthZQkeZ cuk;s o vius ikl j[ks rFkk fu'p;gh ?kVuk ds ckn ;g QthZ QkeZrS;kj djusdk mldsikl le; ugha FkkA6- lkfdc fulkj] ftlds ckjs esa iqfyldk nkok gS fd vgenkckn ds ce foLQksVksarFkk lwjr dh ?kVuk ds fy, mlusykWftfLVd leFkZu fn;k] tqykbZ 23 lstqykbZ 28] 2008 rd ,e-ch-,- dh ijh{kkns jgk FkkA mlds izos'k i=k rFkk ijh{kdksa}kjk gLrk{kfjr ijh{kk dkfi;ksa dh izfrmiyCèk gSA7- fdlh Hkh fxj¶rkj vkjksih dksdkuw uhizfrfufèkRo ugha feykA lkFk gh iqfyl tkapdsnkSjku mulsdfFkr :i ls gkfly lw puk ehfM;k dks tkjh dj jgh gSA blls U;k;ikus ds muds volj izHkkfor gksrsgSaA

flQkfj'ks a

1- ;g ykfteh gS fd bu lokyksa dktokc nsus ds fy, bl ?kVuk rFkk iqfyl dsnkoksadh Lora=k le;c) lEiw.kZ tkap Hkkjrds mPpre U;k;ky; dsihBklhu U;k;ewfrZ}kjk djkbZ tk;sA oSls Hkh eqBHksM+ gR;kvksadsckjses aekuokfèkdkj vk;ksx dsfn'kk&funs'kks a ds vuqlkj ,slh tkap t:jh gSA2- fnYyh foLQksVksa ds le; ls vkSjfo'ks"kdj dfFkr eqBHksM+ dsckn ls tkfe;kuxj dsfuokfl;ks arFkk tkfe;k fo'ofo|ky; ds Nk=kksa dh tkjh euekuh fxj¶rkfj;ka oizrkM+uk QkSju can dh tk;sA3- [kaw[kkj vkradokfn;ksa rFkkekLVjekb±M dks fxj¶rkj djusdk Js; ysusds fy, fofHké iqfyl ,tsafl;ksads chp gksM+ds ifj.kkeLo:i funksZ"k eqlyeku ;qodksadks fu'kkuk cuk;k tk jgk gSA yxrk gS fd fleh dks cfy dk cdjk cukdj iqfyl usvktex<+ ij è;ku dsfUnzr dj j[kk gSftlsvkradokn dh tUeHkwfe crk;k tk jgkgSA vktex<+ dseqlyeku ;qodks a rFkk igys fleh dk lnL; jgs;qokvksadks ce foLQksVks a ds fy, ftEesnkj crkdj fu'kkuk cukus lsns'k ds eqfLye leqnk; esa lkekU;r% rFkkfo'ks"kr% vktex<+ ds eqfLye ;qodksa ;kfleh dk lnL; jgs yksxksa esa vlqj{kk] Mjo vkØks'k dh rhoz Hkkouk gSA4- ;g cgqr gh nqHkkZX;iw .kZ o ijs'kkuh dh ckr gS fd eq[;èkkjk dh ehfM;k ds cM+sfgLls] fo'ks"kdj bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k] iqfyl ds lkeusfn;s x;s dfFkr c;kuksa dsvkèkkjij iqfyl }kjk x<+h xbZcsgwnk dgkfu;ks a dksc<+k&p<+k dj is'k dj jgs gS aA blls u dsoy cM+h la[;k esa funksZ"k yksx cnuke gks jgs gSacfYd bllsns'k dh turk dslkEiznkf;dj.k o èkzqohdj.k dh izfØ;k Hkh rst gks jgh gSA

tkfe;k ^eqBHksM+* lstqMs +dqN vU; rF;

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2008

çfrjks/k dk Loj

1 vDVwcj] 2008 dks ctjax ny dsxq.Mksa us ,0vkbZ0ds0,e0,l0 dsizrkiiqjxkao dslnL; jktdqekj mQZ eYyw dhykfB;ksa] MaMks a o pkdw ls ekjus ds ckn ,d cM+k iRFkj psgjs ij iVd dj mudh gR;kdj nhA eYyw izrkiiqj ls izkbosV cl esalokj gksdj ckjk rglhy tk jgs FksA Fkkuk'kadjx<+ ds leks?kk xkao ds ikl gR;kjsjfo'kadj] dYyw ] yYyw o n;k'kadj usmudk ihNk fd;k vkSj lqcg yxHkx 8 cts cljksddj gR;k dj nhA lHkh gR;kjs ctjax ny rFkk fo'o fgUnw ifj"kn dsdk;ZdrkZ g®A'kghn lkFkh gsyk vuqlwfpr tkfr ds FksvkSj viuh thfodk ;equk unh esa ckyw <ksdj pykrsFksA bl fcjknjh dk ;g blxkao esavdsyk ?kj gSAiqfyl us eYyw dks fgLVªh'khVj crk;ktcfd og yEcs le; ls xkao esa jg jgk FkkvkSj iqfyl mls fxj¶rkj djusdHkh ughavkbZA ml ij tks Hkh dsl Fks ;k rks iqjkuslquokbZ okys Fks ;k QthZA gky gh esa lh0vks0 ckjk Jh ds0,u0 flag us 43 etnwjksaij xqeVh tykusdk tks QthZ eqdnek ntZdjk;k Fkk] mles a mldk uke Hkh FkkAbl gR;k dk fu;kstu bykds ds lkearo Bsdsnkj ctjax ny dsusrk iq"idkar frokjh usdjk;k FkkA blls igysHkh og fojksèkdjus okys nks etnwjksa dh gR;k djk pqdkgS] ijUrq dksbZ dsl ml ij ug yxk;kx;kA mlus xaxk iklh izrkiiqj dh gR;kdjkdj yk'k dks fp=kdwV ftys ds cM+x<+ds taxy esa fQadok nh FkhA og ckjk&bykgkckn] cM+x<+&fp=kdwV es a flfydk ckyw ] fxV~ Vh dk voSèk dkjksckj pykrk gSA izrkiiqj ds taxyh bykds es a jsatj f'kojktiqj lsfeydj og voSèk [kuu dk dk;Zdjkrk gSAgky esa mlus jsatj dks Hkst dj vius&vkifxV~Vh rksM+ jgs etnwjksads [kuu ds lHkhvkStkj lht+ djk fy, Fks] ftUgsa etnwjksa usyky >.Mk ysdj jsatj vkfQl ij izn'kZudjds NqM+k;k FkkA bl la?k"kZ usLFkkuh;fookn dks vkSj rst dj fn;k FkkAvkt Hkh iqfyl bl vR;kpkjh lkearij dsl ntZdjusdh txg mlh dkslaj{k.k nsjgh gSA tks iqfyl xkao esa ekStwn gS og mlh ds ?kj esa jg dj og [kkuk [kk jghgSA clik ljdkj dk lkeUri{kh; joS;klHkh dks Li"V gS vkSj etnwjksa dksHk;Hkhrdjus o lkear dk gkSlyk c<+kus ds fy, ,slk fd;k tk jgk gSAgR;k ds QkSju ckn izrkiiqj esa gekjslkFkh MVsjgs vkSj cSBdksa dk vk;kstufd;k x;kA ikl ds lsejh esadjhc 1200yksxksa dh rS;kjh lHkk dh xbZA iw js bykdsesa ,d ipkZHkh ckaVk x;kA bl ?kVuk lsbykds es a fdlkuksao etnwjksadschp xqLlk vkSj c<+ x;kA blds fojks/k esa ,0vkbZ0ds0,e0,l0us 15 vDVwcj dks,d cM+h tulHkk dkvk;kstu izrkiiqj xkao es afd;k ftles a 6000 ls T;knk yksxksa us Hkkx fy;kA yksx viusgkFkksa esa yky >.Ms rFkk lHkh ikjEifjd gfFk;kj] Qjlk] cYye] ykBh] gfl;k]xaMklk ysdj lHkk esa igqaps FksA lHkk esaefgykvksa dh cM+h la[;k FkhA jkLrs esa vkrsgq, yksxksa us tksj&'kksj ls lkearh mRihM+uvkSj clik ljdkj dsfo#) ukjs yxk, vkSj vius'kghn lkFkh dks J)katfy nhAbl 'kkunkj izn'kZu us lkfcr dj fn;k fd vke fdlkuks avkSj etnw jks aes alkearh mRihM+u ds fo#) ,dtqV gksus dh bPNk c<+h gSAlHkk esa ctjax ny usrkvksa dh j{kkdjus ds fy, clik iz'kklu o iqfyl dhdM+h fuUnk dh xbZ vkSj crk;k x;k fd buQklhoknh lkEiznkf;d 'kfDr;ksa }kjkbLrseky fd;k tkus okyk ;g ccZj :ioSlk gh gS tSlk os mM+hlk o vU; izkUrksa esanfyrksa] blkbZ;ksa o eqlyekuksa ds fo#) viuk jgs gSaA yksxksa dks le>k;k x;k fd 3flrEcj ds >xM+s esa lh0vks0 }kjk 43etnwjks a ij ntZQthZ dsl] 'kghn lkFkh dksfgLVªh'khVj crkuk vkSj gR;k ds ljxukiq"idkar frokjh dh j{kk esa iqfyl cankscLrdjuk] 14 flrEcj dh jSyh esafofgi@dslfj;k fczxsM }kjk etnwjksa dksekjus dh èkedh ds ckotw n muds fo#) dksbZ dkjZokbZ u djuk vkfn Li"V djrs gSafd iqqfyl ;g gR;k djkus esa 'kkfey gSA;g Hkh crk;k x;k fd gR;k ds fnu,l0,l0ih0 ykyth 'kqDyk jkr 9 ctsizrkiiqj x, FksA ogkaerd ds ifjtuksavkSjvU; xkaookfl;ksa us tc mulsf'kdk;r dhfd ekjus okys ifjokj muds ?kjks a esa viukey&ew=k Qsadrs Fks vkSj iqfyl mudh dksbZf'kdk;r ugha lqurh Fkh] rks os cksys ßusrkcu jgs gksÞAbu iqfyl vfèkdkfj;ksa dh tc Mh0vkbZ0th0 jsat lsf'kdk;r dj ;g ekax dh xbZ fd eYyw dh gR;k dh U;kf;d tkapdjkbZ tk,] bl gR;k dh lkft'k jpusokys iqIidkar frokjh dks fxj¶rkj fd;ktk, vkSj mlds edku ij yxk iqfyl dSEigVk;k tk, rFkk {ks=kkfèkdkjh ckjk ds0,u0flag dksfuyafcr fd;k tk,] rksckrs alqudj mUgksaus /kedh Hkjs ygts esa dgk fd etnwjxSjdkuwuh gfFk;kj ysdj gtkjksa dh la[;kes a izn'kZu djrs gSa vkSj iqfyl tc pkgsxhrks l[r dk;Zokgh dj ldrh gSAizfrfufèke.My us mUgs a crk;k fd iqfyl}kjk gfFk;kjcan xq.Mksa dks fn;s tk jgs[kqysleFkZu ds dkj.k etnwjks a ds ikl viuhj{kk esa viuh ykBh&gfl;k vkfn ysdjpyus ds vykok dksbZ pkjk ugha gS vkSjetnwjksa us rksdksbZ Hkh vfiz; ?kVuk ugha dhgS tcfd lkear vkSj ekfQ;kvks a us etnw jksadh tku rd ys yh gSA ckr dk tokc ucpusij mUgks ausmfpr dne mBkusdh ckr dghAoDrkvks a us tksj nsdj le>k;k fd xkao ds lkearh ncncs dk eqdkcyk ljdkjhf'kdk;rksa o iqfyl ls dkuwu dk ikyudjus dh mEehn yxkus ls ugha fd;k tkldrkA mldsfy, ekspkZlEHkkyusdh rS;kjh etnw jksa dks [kqn djuh gksxhA vkanksyu dhfgQktr vkSj etnw jksa dh tku&eky dhj{kk djus ds ladYi ds lkFk lHkk lekIrgqbZA ekSds ij ekStw n iz'kklu ewdn'kZd cuk jgk vkSj mUg- leL;k ds lekèkku dkfn[kkoVh vk'oklu nsus dk dksbZ ekSdk ughafn;k x;kA

?kVuk dh i"BHkw fe µ eap lsyky lyke dks[kRe djuso usrkvksa dks ekjus dh èkefd;ka

ikVhZds usrRo es a gky esatequk ?kkVh {ks=k esa tcju jk;YVh olwyh o eNyh omrjkbZ esa xq.Mk VSDl olw yh ds fo#) rFkk[ksr etnwjh dh nj c<+kus o lkearksa dsdCts ls xkao lekt o iV~ Vksa dh tehu[kkyh djkusdsfy, xjhc fdlkuks ao etnw jks a dsla?k"kZ esa rsth vkbZ gSA bu la?k"kks± dsfo#) bykdsdslkearks ausHkh viuh xksycanh rst dh gSA mudh izcy iSjksdkj Hkkjrh;turk ikVhZ o mlds LFkkuh; foèkk;d mn;Hkku djofj;k us bl xksycanh dkslaxfBr djus ds fy, [kqysvke bl la?k"kZdk eqdkcyk djus o etnwj usrkvksa dksekjus dk ,syku dj fn;k gSAxr fnuksa etnwjksa }kjk fd;s x, nksla?k"kks±ds ckn mudh igydneh vkSj rstgqbZ gSA oSls Hkh mldk mPp tkfr vkèkkjf[kld dj clik ds lkFk [kM+k gS vkSjvius f[kldrs gq, vkèkkj dks okil ysus dsfy, og] fo'ks"kdj vkxkeh yksd lHkk pqukoks a ls igys] bl varfoZjksèk dks rst djus dsiz;kl es agSA lkearks ads,d cM+ sfgLlsds,d eap ij [kqysvke lfØ; gks tkus ls etnwjvkanksyu ds lkeus viuh fgQktr dh ,d u;h pqukSrh izLrqr gSA3 flrEcj dks gqbZ nks ?kVukvksa us nksukasvksj ls xfrfofèk;ksa dks rst dj fn;kAigyh gS ckjk rglhy ds eÅ ¼fp=kdwV½ lsyxs vafre xkao izrkiiqj dh tgka ctjax ny usrk jfo'kadj us ,d NksVs ls fookn ij,d etnwj dks ekjk&ihVk o ^yky lyke*dks pqukSrh nsrs gq, èkedh ns Mkyh vkSjgokbZ Qk;fjax Hkh dhA izfrfØ;k esa etnwjksaus cM+h la[;k esa ,d=k gksdj mldk fojksèkfd;kA ;|fi og vius ?kj esa fNik Fkk ijnksuksa vksj ls b±V&iRFkj pykA etnwjksa dkxqLlk blds iqjkus O;ogkj ds f[kykQ HkhFkk D;ksafd vk, fnu ;g NksVs&NksVs cPpksard dks tjk&tjk lh ckr ij ekjrk&ihVrkFkkA ?kVuk ds ckn ekSds ij tkdj lh0vks0ckjk] ds0,u0 flag usetnw jks ao yky lyke dksxkfy;kanhavkSj 43 etnw jks a ij vkxtuh o ywVikV dk QthZ dsl ntZ djk fn;kAbls lkearksa }kjk ^izrkiiqj vfXudk.M*crkdj izpkfjr fd;k x;k ftles a dgk x;kfd etnwjksausjfo'kadj dh nqdku tyk nh] tcfd ,slk ugha FkkA u;h dh u;h xqeVhvkt Hkh lgh lyker [kM+h gSAnwljk ekeyk Fkk ef>;kjh ds fuoklh,d dq[;kr vijkèkh dsnkj dk ftl ij1984 ls 2008 ds chp gR;k] gR;k dsiz;kl] MdSrh] vkxtuh] ywVikV] pksjh]?kj ij p<+kbZvkfn ds de ls de 14 dslntZ g®vkSj bu lc esa og Qjkj gSA og vius fxjksg ds lkFk tequk unh ds chpVkiw ij jgrk gS vkSj ogka ls rFkk ?kkVksa ijviuh ywV&ikV djrk gSA mlds fxjksg dsfo#) turk ds xqLls ds dbZ dkj.k g®AiSls] VkpZ] ?kM+h] eNqvkjksa ds tky] Mksjh]crZu] tathj] xgus] eksckby] ?kh vkfn Nhuuk mldk èkaèkk gSA Vkiw ds taxy esa cdjhpjkus o ydM+ h dkVus] unh lsckyw ystkus okyksa o Vªd Mªkbojksa lHkh ds lkFk og ekj&ihV dj iSls olwyrk gSA dqlk ¼jLlhcquus dh ?kkl½ o ?kkl dkVus okyh efgyk,aHkh bldh gol dk f'kdkj gksrh jgh g®A2005 ebZ&twu esa lsgqaMk ls ef>;kjh ?kkVij mrj jgs ,d ifjokj ls blus mrjkbZolwyuh pkgh vkSj euk djus ij xksyhpyk nh ftlesa mldh ,d toku yM+dh[kRe gksxbZA dqN czkã.k ifjokjks adstkuoj Hkh blus csp Mkys g® vkSj ,d ds yM+ds dkvigj.k dj mls ekj MkykA ukSf<+;k xkaoesa xq.Mk VSDl u nsus ij blds fxjksg dsvV~Bk iafMr us iklh fcjknjh ds,d etnwjdh maxfy;kagh dkV MkyhaaA blh ds ne ijukSf<+;k] vfefy;k o ef>;kjh esa tehankjksaus lSdM+ksa xjhc fdlkuksa dh Hkwfeèkjh tehuij voSèk <ax ls dCtk djds mUgsa xkao ls[knsM+k gqvk gSAckjk foèkk;d djofj;k lessr] xkao lHkkdh tehuksa o etnwjksa ds iV~Vksa ij dkfctlHkh tehankjks a rFkk rjg&rjg dsxq.Mk VSDl o jk;YVh olwyus okys lHkh cM+s Bsdsnkjksadk leFkZu bl vijk/kh dksizkIr gSA foèkk;d us mls ,d jkbQy o dbZ vU; gfFk;kj nsj[ksg®A {ks=k es a ladV c<+us ij ;g mUg ds ;gka 'kj.k ysrk gSA xjhcks a ds lkFk fookn dsc<+us ds dkj.k blh vijkèkh dks gekjsyxHkx 800 etnwj 3 flrEcj dks HkhVkxkao esa;k=kh cl esa <aw<+ jgs FksA bl ^HkhVkdk.M* lslkearks ao Hkktik dkscgqr f'kdk;r gSAetnwjksa us 10 flrEcj dks bu o vU;vijkfèk;ksa dsfo#) dkjZokbZ dh ekax dksysdj rFkk izrkiiqj ds 43 etnwjksaij ntZeqdnek okil djkus ds fy, ykykiqj Fkkusij ,d tulHkk dh ftlesa djhc 4000yksxksa us Hkkx fy;kAla?k ifjokj us vius ipks± esa f'kdk;rdh gS fd ^yky lyke* ds dkj.k ^e'khuksaesa vkxtuh] dkaVh xkao esa iqfyl ij geyklfgr fiNys g¶rsHkhVk ,oa ykykiqj dsizrkiiqj esa gqbZ ?kVukvksa ls bykds esa*^lkekftd tuthou [krjs esa gS*A bUgsaf'kdk;r gS fd etnwjksa us dkaVh esa viuk?kj cpk fy;k vkSj ,d ckgjh lsB] iwoZMh0vkbZ0th0 flfn~ndh] mlds xq.Ms oxSjdkuw uh csn[kyh djus vkbZ iqfyl lseqdkcyk dj fy;kA bUgsa ;g f'kdk;r ughagSfd 178 etnw jks aij vkt Hkh QthZeqdnes ntZ g®A bUgsa f'kdk;r gS fd etnwjksa usviuh vkthfodk cpkus ds fy, tequk unhls e'khuksa dks [knsM+ fn;kA12 flrEcj dks bUgksaus rglhy ifjljesa fdlkuksa dh leL;k dks ysdj xks"Bh dhftlesa fo'o O;kikj laxBu o ijek.kq lafèkdh dqN ckrsa crkus ds ckn buds usrkvksa usdkaVh esayky lyke ds ^vR;kpkj* dh ppkZ'kq: dj nhA mifLFkr djhc 250 etnw jksaes a tc izfrfØ;k 'kq: gksxbZ] fd dkaVh es a rks Bhd gqvk Fkk] rksbUgs a fo"k; cny dj cSBd lekIr djuh iM+ hAbldsckn 14 flrEcj dks eudkes'ojeafnj es a Hkxok fczxsM] dslfj;k fczxsM] fo'o fgUnw ifj"kn] Hkktik] ctjax ny] xks&j{kklfefr vkfn ^la?k ifjokj* ds usrkvksa us

lkearks a o ekfQ;k ds i{k es a Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ dh ckjk ¼bykgkckn½ {ks=k esa eqfge

ctjax ny }kjk ,-vkbZ-ds-,e-,l- dk;ZdrkZdk- jkt dqekj dh gR;k

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