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:
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.
statement
Logic
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:
.
.
truth value
negation
compound statement
conjunction
disjunction
truth table
:
. ( ) 1-1
.
. p . q
( .p ).
. .
p p:
:p ( . )
p " "p .p
~p p
.
:p .
:q .
:
p :q .
15
p q .
p q .
.
p, q p q p q
.
.
.
:
1 :p .
-5 + 11 = -6 :q
:r .
pq
)a
1 . -5 + 11 = -6
p q p q.
~q r )b
-5 +11 -6 .
~q r ~q r.
r p )1A
)1B
p r
.
:
.
:p
.
:q
p :q .
p , q p q p .q
.
.
p q.
16
:
:p
100 5 = 20
:q
:r
)a
p q
)b
qr
100 5 = 20
p q p q.
q r
q r .
~q r )2
( )
.
:
:p
:q
:p q
.
.
( )
:
A
B
17
: ( )
.
)a
12
46 20
2
:
46
)b
: 20
12 46
12 + 46 + 20 =78
.
20
)c
20 2 22 .
)3 .
:
.
~p
p ( )T ~p (.)F
p ( )F p (.)T
pq
T
F
F
pq
18
:
p q )a
:1 .p, q, q , p q
:2 p .q
:3 q . q
:4 p q .p q
1
p q
)b
(p q) r
.
4b
r q P 222
8 .
)4
( )16, 17
.p , q , p q , r , )p q( r
21
(p q) r
pq
p q
:
9+5 = 14
:p
.
31
:q
:r .
)1
p q
)2
pr
)3
qr
)4
p p
)5
qr
)6
p r
19
( )18
7 8
:
)7
( )19
)8
)9 :
p q
10
:
p q )10
1419
2026
2732
1
2
3
p r )11
:p
-64 = 8
:q .
:r
0>0
:s 90 .180
p )12 q
)16
rp
)13
p q
)14
)17
sq
)19 ( p q) s )18
ps
q r )15
: 20 -23 :
400
.
.
B
45
)20
)23
20
A
175
25
C
62
: 24 26 :
310 80 115
20 :
)24 .
)25
)26
42
34
10
)21
)22
(s )q r
:
)27
p q
)28
p q
:
q r )29
p q )30
p
F
T
T
)32 p )q r) )31
(p ) q r
: 33-35 :
60 :
45 50 .
)33 .
)35 .
)34 .
)36 .
)37
.
.
)38
)39 .
)40 .
)41 .
: 42 - 43 :
B C
A B
A C .
)42
)43 .
.A
:p C
.A
B
:q
.C
:r A
15
)44
.
21
)45
AB = BC
A
B
m A = m C
m A = m B
AC = BC
AB = AC
( . )
)46
)47
3, 5, 7, 9
1, 3, 9, 27
( )1-1
)48
3 3
2 4
_ 6, 3, _,
)49 2 m . 2.5 m
)51
:
ABC )52
)53
)54
DBC
ABD
C
B
35 m
)55 :
75 m 5 m
5a - 2b )56 a = 4 b = 3
4e + 3f )58 e = -1 f = -2
22
)57
)59
4cd + 2d c = 5 d = 2
3g + h g = 8 h = -8
2