LONG THLL VAT LY 33 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success !

THPT Nguyn Bnh Khim - 1 - Rosesun

LL I$N I$N TRLONG
- nh lut Coulomb
1 2
2
q q
F k
r
= (N)
k = 9.10
9

2
2
Nm
C
: h s t l
q
1
; q
2
(C): ln hai in tch im
: hng s in mi
r (m): khong cch gia hai in tch
- Cng in trng
2
F Q
E k
q r
= = (N/C = V/m)
F (N): lc in ti im kho st
q (C): in tch th dng
Q (C): in tch kho st.
- Nguyn l chng cht in trng
1 2
E E E = +


1 2
E E

: E = E
1
+ E
2

1 2
E E

:
1 2
= E E E
1 2
E E

:
2 2
1 2
E E E = +
LONG TH NANG I$N TH
HI$L I$N TH
- Cng ca lc in
A
MN
= q.E.d (d = s.cos)
- Th nng ca mt in tch im q ti im M
trong in trng:
W
M
= A
M
= V
M
q
- in th ti mt im M trong in trng:
M M
M
W A
V
q q

= =
- Hiu in th:
MN
MN M N
A
U V V
q
= =
- Lin h gia hiu in th v cng in
trng: U = E.d
T I$N
- in dung ca t in:
Q
C
U
= (F)
Q (C): in tch trn t in
U (V): hiu in th gia hai u t in.
- Nng lng in trng trong t in
2
2
1 1
. .
2 2 2
= = =
Q
W QU C U
C
(J)
MALH I$N
- Cng dng in:
q
I
t
= (A = C/s)
q (C) l in lng chuyn qua tit din thng
ca vt dn trong khong thi gian t (s)
- in nng tiu th ca on mch
A = U.q = U.I.t (J = V.C)
- Cng sut in ca on mch
.
A
U I
t
= = P PP P (W = J/s = V.A)
- Nhit lng ta ra vt dn
Q = R.I
2
.t (J)
- Cng sut ta nhit ca vt dn
2
2
. .
Q U
R I U I
t R
= = = = P PP P
- nh lut OHM i vi ton mch
N
I
R r
=
+
E EE E
; U
N
= E EE E - I.r; E EE E = I.(R
N
+ r)
- on mch cha ngun in
U
AB
= E EE E - I.R
AB
hay
AB
AB
U
I
R

=
E EE E



GHP LAL I$N TRO
- Ghp ni tip
I = I
1
= I
2
=
U = U
1
+ U
2
+
R = R
1
+ R
2
+
- Ghp song song
I = I
1
+ I
2
+
U = U
1
= U
2
=
1 2
1 1 1
...
R R R
= + +
1 2
12
1 2
R R
R
R R
=
+
;
1 2 3
123
1 2 2 3 3 1
R R R
R
R R R R R R
=
+ +

NGLON I$N
- Sut in ng ca ngun in
A
q
= E EE E (V = J/C)
A (J) l cng ca lc l dch chuyn mt in
tch dng q (C) ngc chiu in trng.
- Cng ca ngun in: . .
ng
A q I t = = E E. E E. E E. E E.
- Cng sut ca ngun in: .
ng
A
I
t
= = P E P E P E P E
- Hiu sut ca ngun in
ci N N N
N
A U It U R
H
A It R r
= = = =
+ E E E E E E E E

- B ngun ni tip
E EE E
b
= n. E EE E ; r
b
= n.r
- B ngun song song
E EE E
b
= E EE E ; r
b
=
r
n

- B ngun hn hp i xng
(n dy, mi dy c m ngun)
E EE E
b
= m.E EE E ; r
b
=
m
r
n


R
1
R
2
A B
R
E EE E, r
R
1
R
2

LONG THLL VAT LY 33 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success !


THPT Nguyn Bnh Khim - 2 - Rosesun
S PH THLQL LLA I$N TRO VAD
NHI$T Q

0 0
[1 ( )] t t = +
0 0
[1 ( )] R R t t = +

l
R
S
=

o
: in tr sut t
o
o
C (.m)
l : chiu di dy dn (m)


: in tr sut t
o
C
S : tit din dy dn (m
2
)
: h s nhit in tr (K
-1
)
HI$N TLQNG NHI$T I$N
1 2
( )
T
T T = E EE E
E EE E l sut in ng nhit in (V)

T
l h s nhit in ng (V.K
-1
)
T
1
T
2
l hiu nhit u nng v u lnh

DONG I$N TRDNG LHAT I$N PHAN
m = k.q
1 A
k
F n
=
1
.
A
m I t
F n
=
m: khi lng vt cht c gii phng in
cc (g)
k: ng lng in ha
F = 9,65.10
4
: hng s Faraday (C/mol)
A
n
: ng lng gam ca nguyn t
A: khi lng mol nguyn t (g/mol)
n: ha tr ca nguyn t lm in cc
I: cng dng in qua bnh in phn (A)
t: thi gian dng in qua bnh in phn (s)

mili : m = 10
-3
; micro : = 10
-6
; nano : n = 10
-9
; pico : p = 10
-12


ANG TOM TT DONG I$N TRDNG LAL MOI TRLONG

MT
Hc caI
dIn
an chac
uong dc crung
V - A
LNG DNG
3.
RIm
IoI

electron
t do
Dng in trong kim loi l
dng chuyn di c hng
ca cc electron t do di
tc dng ca in trng.
Tun theo nh lut OHM khi
nhit ca kim loi c gi
khng i
- Siu dn

- Nhit in
B.
Lhac
dIn
phan
ion
dng

ion m
Dng in trong cht in
phn l dng chuyn di c
hng ca cc ion trong in
trng.
Tun theo nh lut OHM - Luyn nhm

- M in
3.
Lhac
Rh
electron
ion
c
to nh
tc
nhn
ion ha

Dng in trong cht kh l
dng chuyn di c hng
ca electron v cc ion trong
in trng.
Khng tun theo nh lut OHM.


- Tia la in

- H quang
in
4.
Lhan
Rhong



electron
a vo


Dng in trong chn khng
l dng chuyn di c hng
ca cc electron
Khng tun theo nh lut OHM.




- Tia catt
S.
Lhac
ban
dn


electron
t do


l trng

Dng in trong cht bn
dn l dng chuyn di c
hng ca cc electron t do
v l trng di tc dng ca
in trng.
Khng tun theo nh lut OHM.



- it bn dn

- Transistor

LONG THLL VAT LY 33 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success !


THPT Nguyn Bnh Khim - 3 - Rosesun
Lc t tc dng ln on dy dn
mang dng in:
F = B.I.l.sin
(Quy tc bn tay tri 1)
B (T): cm ng t.
I (A): cng dng in qua dy dn.
l (m): chiu di on dy dn.
: gc hp bi B

l .
Cm ng t ca dng in chy trong
+ dy dn thng:
7
I
B 2.10
r

=
(Quy tc nm tay phi 1)
r (m): khong cch t dng in n im
kho st.
I (A): cng dng in qua dy dn.
+ vng dy trn:
7
I
B 2 .10 .N
R

=
(Quy tc nm tay phi 2)
R (m): bn knh vng dy.
N (vng): s vng dy.
I (A): cng dng in qua vng dy.
+ ng dy hnh tr:
7
N
B 4 .10 I

=
l

(Quy tc nm tay phi 3)
I (A): cng dng in qua ng dy.
N (vng): s vng dy;
l (m): chiu di ng dy
n =
N
l
: s vng dy trn 1m chiu di.
T trng ca nhiu dng in:
1 2
= +

B B B
1 2

B B : B = B
1
+ B
2

1 2

B B :
1 2
= B B B
1 2

B B :
2 2
1 2
= + B B B
Lc tng tc gia hai dng in song
song:

7 1 2
I I
F 2.10
r

= l
I
1
v I
2
l cng dng in qua hai dy dn.
r : khong cch gia hai dy dn.
l : chiu di on dy dn tnh lc tng tc.
Lc Lorentz: f = q.v.B.sin
(Quy tc bn tay tri 2)

q (C): in tch ca ht mang in chuyn
ng.
v (m/s): vn tc ca ht mang in.
B (T): t trng ni ht mang in chuyn
ng.
: gc hp bi v

v B

.
Chuyn ng ca ht in tch trong t
trng u: v B

Bn knh qu o:
mv
R
q.B
=
Chu k chuyn ng:
2 .R
T
v

=
T thng: = B.S.cos (Wb)
B (T): cm ng t xuyn qua vng dy.
S (m
2
): din tch vng dy.
: gc hp bi B

v php tuyn n

.
Sut in ng cm ng
c
e
t

(V)
: bin thin t thng.
t : khong thi gian t thng bin thin.
t

: tc bin thin ca t thng.

T thng ring ca mch
= L.i
t cm ca ng dy:

2
7
N
L 4 .10 S

=
l
(H)
N (vng): s vng dy.
l (m): chiu di ng dy.
S (m
2
): tit din ng dy.
Sut in ng t cm

tc
i
e L
t

(V)
L (H): h s t cm ca ng dy.
i : bin thin c. dng in trong mch
t : khong thi gian dng in bin thin.
i
t

: tc bin thin ca cng dng in.

Nng lng t trng ca ng dy
2
1
W L.i
2
= (J)
L (H): h s t cm ca ng dy.
i (A): cng dng in qua ng dy.
nh lut khc x nh sng
n
1
.sini = n
2
.sinr hay
2
21
1
n sini
n
sin r n
= =
Chit sut t i
2
21
1
n
n
n
= ;
12
21
1
n
n
=
Gc gii hn phn x ton phn

2
gh
1
n
sini
n
=
iu kin c phn x ton phn
n
2
< n
1
;
gh
i i


LONG THLL VAT LY 33 Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success !


THPT Nguyn Bnh Khim - 4 - Rosesun
Cng thc lng knh
sini
1
= n.sinr
1
; A = r
1
+ r
2

sini
2
= n.sinr
2
; D = i
1
+ i
2
A
Nu cc gc i v A nh
i
1
= n.r
1
; A = r
1
+ r
2



i
2
= n.r
2
; D = (n 1).A
t ca thu knh

1 2
1 1 1
D (n 1)( )
f R R
= = +
D : t (dp) f: tiu c thu knh (m)
R
1
; R
2
: bn knh cc mt cong (m)
n : chit sut cht lm thu knh.
Thu knh hi t : f > 0 ; D > 0
Thu knh phn k : f < 0 ; D < 0
V tr nh
1 1 1
f d d
= +

;
d.d
f
d d

=
+

d .f
d
d f

=

;
d.f
d
d f
=

Vt tht: d > 0 ; trc knh
Vt o: d < 0 ; sau knh
nh tht: d > 0 ; sau knh
nh o: d < 0 ; trc knh
S phng i nh
A B
k
AB

= ;
d f f d
k
d f d f

= = =

H hai thu knh ng trc ghp st
1 2
1 1 1
f f f
= + ; D = D
1
+ D
2

H hai thu knh ng trc ghp cch
nhau
Quan h gia hai vai tr nh v vt ca A
1
B
1
:
AB
1
L
A
1
B
1

2
L
A
2
B
2

d
1
d
1
d
2
d
2

d
2
= l d
1
; d
1

+ d
2
= l
S phng i nh sau cng:
k = k
1
.k
2

S bi gic

0 0
tan
G
tan

=


Knh lp: ngm chng v cc

c
OC
G
f f

= =
Knh hin vi: ngm chng v cc

1 2
1 2
.D
G k .G
f .f

= =
Knh thin vn: ngm chng v cc

1
2
f
G
f

=

S TAD ANH OI THAL RINH

THAL RINH HQI T Jt > O)
VAT ANH
Tnh cht V tr Tnh cht V tr Chiu v ln
d > 2f f < d < 2f -1 < k < 0
d = 2f d = 2f k = -1
f < d < 2f
THAT
d > 2f k < -1
d = f ko xc nh d ko xc nh
0 < d < f AD d < 0 k > 1
THAT
d 0
d = 0 ko xc nh d = 0 k = 1
AD
d < 0

THAT 0 < d < f 0 < k < 1
THAL RINH PHAN RY Jt O)
VAT ANH
Tnh cht V tr Tnh cht V tr Chiu v ln
THAT
d > 0

AD f < d < 0 0 < k < 1
d = 0 ko xc nh d = 0 k = 1
f < d < 0 THAT d > 0 k > 1
d = f ko xc nh d ko xc nh
2f < d < f d < 2f k < -1
d = 2f d = 2f k = -1
AD
d 0
d < 2f
AD
2f < d < f -1 < k < 0