Tng quan v Ipv6

Tng quan v IPv6

Tng quan v IPv6

Chiu di a ch l 128 bit: 64 bit u c gi l network, 64 bit cn li c gi l host. Phn network dng xc nh subnet, a ch ny c gn bi cc ISP hoc nhng t chc ln nh IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). Cn phn host l mt a ch ngu nhin da trn 48 bit ca MAC Address. Khi vit, a ch IPv6 c ra thnh 8 nhm, mi nhm chim 2 bytes, gm 4 s c vit di h s 16, v mi nhm c ngn cch nhau bng du hai chm VD: FEDL:8435:7356:EADC:BA98:2010:3280:ABCD

Tng quan v IPv6

Header ca IPv6 n gin v hp l hn IPv4

Cu trc a ch IPv6
Unicast Address: Cn c gi l a ch n hng. a ch ny c dng nhn dng mt Node. Mt gi d liu khi lu thng trn mng c gi n mt a ch Unicast, s c chuyn n Node mang a ch Unicast . Gi ti 1 a ch xc nh 2. Anycast Address: L a ch dng nhn dng mt tp hp Node. Mt gi tin gi n a ch Anycast s c chuyn n Node gn nht trong tp hp cc Node mang a ch Anycast . Khi nim gn nht y m ch chi ph (cost) ti u n mt Node, thng tin ny lin quan n thng tin nh tuyn. Gi ti 1 thnh vin gn nht ca 1 nhm 3. Multicast Address: a ch ny cng dng nhn dang mt tp hp cc Node. Nhng khc vi a ch Anycast, mt gi tin khi chuyn n a ch Multicast c chuyn n tt c cc Node mang a ch Multicast ny. Loi a ch ny cng ging vi a ch Multicast trong IPv4 (lp D). Gi ti tt c cc thnh vin ca 1 nhm 1.

Cu trc a ch IPv6
a ch Unicast:
a ch Global Unicast: s dng h tr cho cc ISP (ging nh a ch Public ca IPv4). Link-local Addresses: loi a ch dng cho cc host khi chng mun giao tip vi cc host khc trong cng mng. Tt c IPv6 ca cc interface u c a ch link local. Site-Local Addresses: Site-Local Addresses c s dng trong h thng ni b (Intranet) tng t cc a ch Private IPv4. Phm vi s dng Site-Local Addresses l trong cng Site.

Cch vit mt a ch IPv6

V d: ABCD:0000:0000:0100:0000:0000:0001:463A 1. Trong dy a ch IPv6, nu c s 0 ng u c th loi b. V d 0100 s c vit thnh 100, hoc 0001 s c vit thnh 1 ABCD:0:0:100:0:0:1:463A 2. Trong dy a ch IPv6, nu c cc nhm s 0 lin tip, c th n gin cc nhm ny bng 2 du :: ( ch p dng khi dy 0 lin tip nhau) v ch c th s dng 2 du hai chm mt ln vi 1 a ch. ABCD::100::1:463A (Sai) ABCD::100:0:0:1:463A (ng) ABCD:0:0:100::1:463A (ng)

IPv6 Routing
1. Bt tnh nng nh tuyn cho IPv6 trn Router Cisco. 2. nh tuyn IPv6 vi Static route 3. nh tuyn IPv6 vi RIPng 4. nh tuyn IPv6 vi EIGRP 5. nh tuyn IPv6 vi OSPFv3

Bt tnh nng nh tuyn cho IPv6 trn Router Cisco

1. Bt tnh nng nh tuyn trn Router:
Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

2. t a ch IPv6 cho Interface:

Router(config-if)#ipv6 address prefix/prefix-length

3. V d:
Router#configure terminal Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing Router(config)#interface fastethernet0/0 Router(config-if)#description Local LAN Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 4001:0:1:1::2/64 Router(config-if)#interface serial 1/0 Router(config-if)#description point-to-point line to Internet Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 4001:0:1:5::1/64

nh tuyn IPv6 vi Static route

1. Cu lnh nh tuyn tnh: Router(config)# ipv6 route ipv6-prefix/prefix-length {ipv6address| interface-type interface-number [ipv6-address]} [administrative-distance] [administrative-multicast-distance | unicast |multicast] [tag tag] 2. V d: Router(config)#ipv6 route 4001:0:1:2::/64 4001:0:1:1::1 Router(config)#ipv6 route ::/0 serial1/0

nh tuyn IPv6 vi RIPng

1. Cu hnh RIPng:
Router(config)#ipv6 router rip name_process Router(config-rtr)#exit Router(config)#interface type number Router(config-if)#ipv6 rip process enable

2. V d:
Router(config)#ipv6 router rip Test Router(config-rtr)#exit Router(config)#interface fastethernet0/0 Router(config-if)#description Local LAN Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 4001:0:1:1::2/64 Router(config-if)#ipv6 rip Test enable

nh tuyn IPv6 vi EIGRP

1. Cu hnh:
Router(config)#ipv6 router eigrp as-number Router(config-rtr)#exit Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp as

2. V d:
Router(config)#ipv6 router eigrp 1 Router(config-rtr)#exit Router(config)#interface fastethernet0/0 Router(config-if)#description Local LAN Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 4001:0:1:1::2/64 Router(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 1

nh tuyn IPv6 vi OSPFv3

1. Cu hnh:
Router(config)#ipv6 router ospf process-id Router(config-rtr)#area area range summary-range/prefix-length Router(config-rtr)#exit Router(config)# interface type number Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf process area area Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf process priority priority Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf process cost cost

2.

V d:
Router(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1 Router(config-rtr)#area 1 range 4001:0:1::/80 Router(config-rtr)#interface fastethernet0/0 Router(config-if)#description Local LAN Router(config-if)#ipv6 address 4001:0:1:1::2/64 Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf cost 10 Router(config-if)#ipv6 ospf priority 20

Trin khai IPv6

1. Dual stack: chy Ipv4 v Ipv6 ng thi. 2. IPv6 to IPv4 tunneling (6-to-4): to ng hm gia hai hay nhiu mng chy Ipv6 qua vng mng chy Ipv 3. NAT-PT: chuyn dch a ch Ipv6 (inside ca mng) thnh a ch Ipv4 (outside ca mng) nh tuyn ra mng bn ngoi.