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Nos. 11-393 & 11-400
 
In the Supreme Court of the United States
 _____________________ 
N
 AT
’
L
F
ED
.
OF
I
NDEP
.
 
B
USINESS
,
ET AL
.,
 Petitioners
,v.K 
 ATHLEEN
S
EBELIUS
,
ET AL
.,
Respondents
.
 ______________________ 
S
TATE OF
F
LORIDA 
,
ET AL
.,
 Petitioners
,v.U.S.
 
D
EPT
.
OF
H
EALTH
&
 
H
UMAN
S
 VCS
.,
ET AL
.
Respondents
.
 _____________________ 
On Writs of Certiorari to the U.S. Court of Appealsfor the Eleventh Circuit
 ______________________ 
BRIEF OF
 AMICI CURIAE 
 TEXAS PUBLIC POLICY FOUNDATION ANDCATO INSTITUTE SUPPORTING PETITIONERSON SEVERABILITY
 ______________________ 
Richard Epstein800 N. Mich. Ave, #3502Chicago, IL 60611(773) 450-4476richard.epstein@nyu.eduIlya ShapiroC
 ATO
I
NSTITUTE
 1000 Mass. Ave., N.W.Washington, DC 20001(202) 842-0200ishapiro@cato.orgMario Loyola
Counsel of Record
Josiah NeeleyT
EXAS
P
UBLIC
P
OLICY 
F
OUNDATION
 900 Congress Ave.,Suite 400 Austin, TX 78701(512) 472-2700mloyola@texaspolicy.com
 
 i
QUESTION PRESENTED
Whether the individual mandate of the PatientProtection and Affordable Care Act is severable fromTitles I and II if that mandate is foundunconstitutional.
 
 ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
QUESTION PRESENTED ......................................... iTABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................ iiTABLE OF AUTHORITIES ...................................... ivINTEREST OF
 AMICI CURIAE 
............................... 1SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT .................................... 2 ARGUMENT .............................................................. 5I. THIS COURT CANNOT CREATE A NEW LAWTHAT CONGRESS NEVER ENACTED.............. 5 A. Severability Law Began with
Marbury v.Madison
and Involves a Two-Prong Test ....... 51.
Is the remainder “fully operative as alaw?”
............................................................ 62. Would Congress have enacted theremainder? .................................................. 9B. The Eleventh Circuit Erred in Its Severability Analysis .......................................................... 10II. THE INDIVIDUAL MANDATE ISOPERATIVELY INSEPARABLE FROM TITLESI AND II OF THE ACT ....................................... 15 A. Provisions with an Operative Dependency onthe Individual Mandate................................. 161.
“Guaranteed Issue”
.................................. 162.
“Community Rating”
 
Compression……...
193. Provisions that increase the cost of insurance .................................................. 20
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