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indekiler: Cevap Kad

Deneme Snav

Cevap Anahtar

Snavn Yabanc Kelimeleri

Uyarlar:

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1. Bu testte 80 soru vardr. Bu sorular iin toplam 3 saat (180 dakika) sre ayrlmtr. 2. Soru trlerine ait giri ve k saatleri, snavn sabah 09:30 - 12:30 arasnda uygulanaca varsaylarak belirlenmitir. Soru trlerine giri ve k saatlerini, snava baladnz saati esas alarak deitirebilirsiniz.

3. Dzeyinizi tam olarak belirlemek istiyorsanz, snav tek bir oturumda uygulaynz. 4. Soru trleri iin nerilen sreleri amaynz. 5. Bir soru zerindeki deerlendirmenizi bitirdikten sonra, o soruya tekrar dnmeyiniz. 6. Sorularnza verdiiniz cevaplar daha sonra deitirmeyiniz. 7. Cevabn iki seenee kadar indirgediiniz sorularda, size gre doru kma ihtimali zayf olan seenei iaretleyiniz.

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DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 A

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DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 CEVAP KAIDI

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A NGLZCE
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 4. A lack of skills or of higher education are issues that ---- many South Africans from making a decent living. A) prevent C) complain Balang saati : 09:30 Biti saati : 09:48 Toplam sre : 18 dakika E) help B) promote D) offer 1. - 18. sorularda, cmlede bo braklan yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

A) inhabitants C) colleagues

B) ancestors D) counterparts

E) descendants

2. In 1996, two teams of archaeologists found what appear to be the remains of very ---- musical instruments at Neanderthal sites. A) sensitive C) relentless B) reluctant

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A) turn up C) make out D) simple B) excessively D) casually

6. Youve got a long journey ahead of you so you ought to ---- early in the morning. B) go by D) break through E) set out

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E) confident 3. Losing a loved one is always painful, but for most people time ---- heals the wounds. A) densely

7. Although alcohol consumption per capita ---- a peak in the United States during the first three decades of the 19th century, now it ---- down in all age groups. A) reached / is going B) has reached / goes C) will reach / will go D) was reaching / went E) would reach / has gone

C) eventually E) cautiously

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C) keep up with E) take over from

A) get along with

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1. Most scientists agree that the human history of North America began when the early ---- of modern Native Americans made their way across a land bridge that once connected north-eastern Asia to North America.

5. There are digest magazines that gather articles and even books from a variety of sources and condense them for us so that we can easily ---new developments. B) look up to

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D) make away with

Dier sayfaya geiniz.

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 8. Imagine what your life would be like if you ---- one morning and everything you ---- had been forgotten! A) wake up / have ever learned B) woke up / had ever learned C) had woken up / ever learned D) will wake up / ever learn E) have woken up / will ever learn 11. People who ---- it hard to give up smoking often ---- outside assistance. A) are finding / are sought B) had found / are seeking C) could have found / will seek D) find / seek

E) would have found / had been sought

9. For a long time now, Asias emerging economies ---- the worlds most dynamic, with GDP ---- at an annual rate of 7.5%. A) were / to have grown

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C) by / to

12. We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty constant regardless ---- the physical conditions in the world ---- us. A) to / through B) with / for D) on / over

B) would have been / having grown C) have been / growing

D) would be / to be growing E) are / to grow

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10. Imhotep, god of medicine, ---- as a mythological figure in the minds of many scholars until the end of the 19th century, when it ---- that he was a real historical personage. A) existed / was established B) has existed / has been established

13. Compared with the United States after 9/11, India has reacted ---- the Mumbai attacks ---- restraint. A) over / from B) for / in D) to / with E) at / over

C) had existed / was being established D) will exist / will have been established E) exists / had been established

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C) about / inside E) of / around

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

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A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 14. ---- everyone appears to dislike a person who is known as a gossip, it is an exceedingly unusual individual who doesnt enjoy a bit of gossip. A) If C) Although E) Once B) Unless D) W henever 17. One type of family is the single-parent family, in ---- children live with an unmarried, divorced or widowed mother or father. A) which C) them E) whom B) that D) where

15. ---- influencing how we think, digital technology is altering how we feel and how we behave. A) Despite C) W hereas B) Besides

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D) As if B) Apart from D) As much as

18. ---- being a personal relationship between two people, marriage is one of societys most important and basic institutions. A) Instead of B) In addition to D) In opposition to

E) Owing to

16. ---- scientists can tell, our prehistoric ancestors lived in relatively small groups where they knew everyone else in the group. A) Despite the fact that

C) As far as

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E) Unlike

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C) Because of E) In case of

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

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A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 19. - 23. sorularda, aadaki parada numaralanm yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

24. - 35. sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

19. A) briefly C) widely

E) hardly 20. A) define C) play

E) proceed 21.

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E) representation B) Despite E) Moreover B) among D) beside E) above

A) tolerance

C) emergence

22.

A) Otherwise

C) Notwithstanding

23.

A) about

C) throughout

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B) easily D) intensely B) use D) claim B) agreement D) establishment D) Nevertheless

25. Although young children readily learn the names of numbers, ---- . A) it is a long time before they can use them effectively B) much research has been carried out on the process of learning C) their parents try to encourage them to solve complex problems D) it doesnt matter if they enjoy maths or not E) they can easily learn how to multiply two-digit numbers

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It might be argued that the internal problems of some nations are so great that they can (19) ---- exercise any influence on the wider world. With all their internal troubles and failures, what part can they (20) ---- in international endeavours for the (21) ---of peace? The dangers now are greater than ever. A racist war in southern Africa; another far more devastating conflict in the Middle East; continued unrest in the Far East. (22) ---- , which is even worse, there is growing tension (23) ---- the world between the rich and the poor; and this could give rise to fresh conflicts.

24. When we enter a library and glance at the books on the shelves, ---- . A) the readers are expected to classify the bulk of the books B) we are at first bewildered by their variety and quantity

C) the first thing we did was to look for the book we needed D) the shelves are tidied up at the end of every working day by the librarians E) some libraries offer on-line services while others dont

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

Balang saati : 09:48 Biti saati : 09:53 Toplam sre : 5 dakika

Balang saati : 09:53 Biti saati : 10:10 Toplam sre : 17 dakika

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 26. Since many forms of evidence are in a state of poor preservation, ---- . A) environmental archaeology is now a welldeveloped discipline B) we can reconstruct the earlier forms of the sites C) the work of archaeologists today is harder than it need have been D) fossils have survived in many dry caves E) archaeologists will probably have disregarded them 29. When people are faced with terribly long to do lists, ---- . A) we began to feel hopelessly discouraged B) it might be an unnecessarily exaggerated concern

D) it is easy to find reasons to put off doing them E) they dont want to feel it was wasted

A) each field is a rather new area of study for analysts B) interdisciplinary studies have proven it invaluable

C) social scientists were of the same opinion

D) many new students engaging in it are greatly puzzled by it E) art appreciation has developed only recently

28. Although Dublin is a fairly small city, ---- .

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A) in the 20th century, they established their own identities, and today Dublin is a thriving, modern city, rich in history and proud of its past B) there is also a river running through the middle

C) the first harbour in Dublin was established in the early 9th century D) Vikings founded one of their largest settlements outside Scandinavia on the site of the present city E) it is famous for its rich cultural heritage which attracts millions of tourists every year

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31. Mystery-type novels are popular ---- . A) unless you are provided with enough background to the crime and all necessary clues B) because they challenge the reader to solve the crime before the detective does C) so that the reader has a chance to exercise his imagination D) if the mysteries cannot be solved by detectives E) so that their authors are not too harshly criticized

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27. Because analytic philosophy is so different from empirical research, ---- .

30. Our voices sound higher and thinner on tape than they do when we hear ourselves speaking ---- . A) but this is actually much closer to the sound that other people hear when we speak B) because a good-quality recording cannot be made easily

C) so that there is no loss of quality in the recording D) whether others recognize the quality of our voices or not E) because researchers found that people who experience a level of social anxiety dislike their voices

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

C) they might have been motivated

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 32. Austria is linguistically homogeneous, with 98 per cent of the population speaking German, ---- . A) so the linguistic differences among this majority cannot be denied B) since people in most German-speaking countries dont have much difficulty understanding each other C) unless the majority of Austrians learn at least one foreign language D) however there are considerable differences in dialect between the various regions of the country E) for the resulting heterogeneity contributes to the cultural diversity in the country 34. Terrorism is not likely to cease in India ---- . A) until the security system was in need of reform B) though that is what many would have hoped for C) even though great efforts are being made to end it D) since the shortcomings of the government were even then widely known E) that it is not enough to right symbolic wrongs

A) so several other countries adopted similar tactics B) unless various local security forces had also responded

C) though the usual policy of the government will be one of non-interference D) once they choose to rise to the challenge E) when it lacked the desire to assert itself

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

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33. Japans efforts to reduce piracy incidents in the area were highly successful ---- .

35. The concept of Emotional Intelligence has had an enormous impact on the workplace ---- . A) which gives you a chance to reconsider your routine B) who matter the most to us

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C) because people seem reluctant to admit this is a real tension D) as long as we feel contempt and disgust for ourselves E) where employers have realized the importance of being considerate

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 36. - 38. sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi bulunuz. 37. The trait that makes human language different from animal language is the complexity of sentence structures that we employ. A) Hayvan diliyle insan dili birbirinden farkldr nk insanlar karmak cmle yaplar kullanrlar.

C) Her ne kadar ok farkl gibi grnse de, papirs bitkisi znden elde edilen slak lifleri eritler halinde enine ve boyuna dedikten sonra sktrarak kat yapmay salayan Msr teknii, gnmz selloz liflerini sktrma yoluyla kat yapma yntemine benzer zellikler gsterir. D) Modern kat yapmndaki selloz sktrma yntemi ile Msrllarn papirs znden karttklar slak lifleri apraz biimde sktrp kat yapma yntemi baz nemli farkllklar saymazsak, temelde benzerlik gsterir.

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E) Msrllarn papirs bitkisi znden elde edilen, enine ve boyuna yerletirilmi slak lif eritlerini birlikte sktrma teknii, gnmz kat yapmnda sellozun sktrlmasna benzer, ancak bu teknik baka alardan ok farklyd.

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B) Papirs bitkisi znden kartlan slak lif eritlerini yatay ve dey biimde dedikten sonra bir araya getirerek sktran Msr teknii, modern kat yapm srecinde sellozun sktrlmasna benzer zellikler gsterse de, temelde olduka farkl bir yntemdir.

38. The first known system of writing was not a reexpression of spoken language, but had a pictorial basis, creating two-dimensional analogues of three-dimensional things in the world. A) Temelinde resmin bulunduu, bilinen ilk yaz sistemi, szl dilde sylenenleri yeniden ifade etmek yerine, etrafmzdaki boyutlu nesneleri iki boyutla ifade eden bir sistemdi. B) Temel olarak resimden treyen bildiimiz ilk yaz sistemi, szl dilin bir yansmas deil, iki boyutlu izimlerin dnyadaki boyutlu eyleri temsil ettii bir yaz sistemiydi. C) Bilinen ilk yaz sistemi, konuma dilini ifade etmekten ok, yeryzndeki boyutlu eyleri iki boyutla temsil etmeye dayanan ve resimlerden ibaret bir yaz sistemiydi. D) Bilinen ilk yaz sistemi, konuulan dilin yeniden ifade edilii deildi; dnyadaki boyutlu eylerin iki boyutlu benzerlerini yaratarak, znde resme dayanyordu. E) lk yaz sisteminin, konuma dilinin yerine geen bir sistem olmad, ancak yeryzndeki boyutlu nesneleri iki boyutta resimle yaratarak ifade eden bir sistem olduu bilinmektedir.

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

A) Enine ve boyuna denen slak papirs z liflerinin sktrlmasna dayanan Msr kat yapm teknii, modern kat yapmnda sellozun sktrlmasna benzeyen bir tekniktir, ancak pek ok adan farkllklar bulunmaktadr.

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36. The Egyptian technique of pressing together vertical and horizontal wet strips of fibre from the core of the papyrus plant is similar to the bonding of the cellulose in modern paper making, but was otherwise very different.

C) nsan dilini hayvan dilinden farkl klan zellik, kullandmz cmle yaplarnn karmakldr. D) nsan dili hayvan dilinden karmak cmle yaplaryla ayrlr.

E) Karmak cmle yaplar kullanlmas nedeniyle insan ve hayvan dilleri birbirinden farkldr.

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Balang saati : 10:10 Biti saati : 10:15 Toplam sre : 5 dakika

B) nsanlarn kulland karmak dil yaplar, insan dilini hayvanlarnkinden farkl klar.

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 39. - 41. sorularda, verilen Trke cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi bulunuz. 40. Bizim tek seeneimiz iyi eitimli insanlarmz, en st dzey yeteneklerimizi ve bilgiyi yeni hizmet ve rnlere dntrme becerimizi mmkn olan en iyi ekilde kullanmaktr. A) Our only option is to make the best possible use of our well-educated people, our top-class facilities, and our ability to turn knowledge into innovative services and products. B) The only option left appears to be to make the best possible use of our well-educated people, our top-class facilities, and our ability to turn knowledge into innovative services and products.

39. Genel olarak, okur-yazarlk oranlarndaki art dzeylerine ramen, kadnlar hl okuma yazma bilmeyen dnya nfusunun yaklak te ikisini temsil etmektedirler. A) Despite the fact that the levels of literacy rates have increased in general, two-thirds of women still represent the illiterate population of the world. B) In spite of the increased levels of literacy around the world in general, women still account for twothirds of the worlds illiterate people. C) No matter what the general levels of increase in literacy rates are, it is still the women who represent almost two-thirds of the worlds illiterate population. D) However increased the levels of literacy rates may be, women, whose number still makes up nearly two-thirds of the worlds population, represent the illiterate portion. E) Despite levels of increase in literacy rates, generally, women still represent almost twothirds of the worlds illiterate population.

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41. nternet bankaclnn gvenlik zelliklerinde gerekletirilen son zamanlardaki gelimelerle, mteriler evlerinden ya da ofislerinden nternet aracl ile banka ilemlerini yapabilmektedirler. A) Security features of the advanced Internet banking services give customers an opportunity to bank through the Internet either at home or at the office. B) With recent improvements that have been made in the security features of Internet banking, customers can bank over the Internet from their homes or offices. C) It is due to the advanced security features of the Internet banking services that customers use the Internet to bank from their homes or offices. D) Internet banking services now have more advanced security features which help customers bank through the Internet at home or at the office. E) Owing to security improvements in Internet banking services, which have recently been made, customers enjoy home or office banking through the Internet.

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D) As our only option is to make the best possible use of our well-educated people and our topclass facilities, we should concentrate on developing innovative services and products. E) Ideally, we should have opted to use our welleducated people to make all our facilities topclass ones and create still more innovative services and products.

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C) The best option would be to let our welleducated people develop even further our topclass facilities and create even more innovative services and products.

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

Balang saati : 10:15 Biti saati : 10:20 Toplam sre : 5 dakika

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 42. - 46. sorularda, bo braklan yere, parada anlam btnln salamak iin getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. 44. Probably everyone who makes an anthology finds that at some stage it begins to take its own shape, and that the final form was not foreseen. ---- . He has then to consider the favourites of the public. Moreover, friends may direct him to pieces he has missed.

B) No one has the same favourite poems 42. Here we are in this complicated world. We did not make it; but we find ourselves in it. We have to do our best to survive in it. ---- . And we would like to improve those parts of it over which we have any control or influence. A) We also hope to enjoy being alive in it with our fellows B) This, of course, is just another philosophical view C) We need to understand the world better D) Perhaps that would be to act in a rather selfish way E) In the first place, a better understanding of ourselves is essential C) His own favourites are his first choice

D) Of course, some poems seem to be everybodys favourites

A) They may also produce temporary or permanent displacement of workers

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43. Technical changes may influence employment in several ways. They may bring about a permanent reduction of the number of workers in certain occupations and increases in others. ---- . The first of these is illustrated in the changes that have occurred in the number of workers in agriculture. The result of the development of mass production tools, on the other hand, has been a reduction of the labour needs of the industries using these tools.

B) They may also require sharp increases in clerical occupations

C) Another result may be a higher degree of flexibility in the skills D) It is also possible for workers to depend upon a regular cash income E) There may be a decrease in the production of goods as well

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45. The Renaissance, as both a period and a concept, continues to generate lively debate about its origins and influence on European culture and thought. ---- . Any new evaluation of the historical significance of the Renaissance requires attention to these kinds of primary evidence. A) As the Renaissance slowly spread across Western Europe, each nation made its own distinctive contribution to the era B) Recent research has emphasized the need to look again at original texts, documents, and artefacts C) A glance at the history of the preceding centuries shows that after the dissolution of the Roman Empire, there was no possibility of any intellectual revival D) The great achievements of the Renaissance were the discovery of the world and the discovery of man E) The Italian Renaissance had placed human beings once more in the centre of lifes stage and infused thought and art with humanistic values

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

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E) There are only a handful of poems I would call favourites

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Balang saati : 10:20 Biti saati : 10:35 Toplam sre : 15 dakika

A) Indeed, people often outgrow their favourite pieces

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 46. If politics is defined broadly as competition for power over people and things, then it is clear that all societies have some sort of political system. ---- . It may initially seem that some small-scale societies have no politicians or political organizations at all, but they are present, though on a very small scale. A) Nevertheless, political roles are usually temporary and short-term B) In the early 20th century, anthropologists developed several useful systems for classifying societies C) Large-scale societies have many different continuing political offices D) All societies impose some degree of control on their citizens E) However, there can be a vast difference in what political organizations look like and how they function in different kinds of societies 47. - 51. sorularda, karlkl konumann bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

47. Susan : - Hi, John! How are things going with you and your family?

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Susan : - ----

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John : - Not very well. Ive just lost my job and now all the financial responsibility is on my wife. We have bills that are due and I feel terrible about it. Susan : - Im sorry to hear that, but surely your son is old enough to work. John : - Actually, he has a good job, but he says he doesnt get paid well and it is hard for him to help out.

A) Your son will always remember how you helped save and redirect him during this difficult time. B) You should withdraw your financial support from him.

C) Parents are sometimes fearful of the unknown and different. D) But all the family members should work together in hard times. E) So your expenses are piling up. Tell your wife to cut down on her expenditures.

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

Balang saati : 10:35 Biti saati : 10:45 Toplam sre : 10 dakika

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 48. Patricia : - Im a bit worried about going abroad to work. Matthew : - Why? Isnt that something you have always wanted to do? Patricia : - ---Matthew : - Dont worry so much about that. Youll get used to new customs and traditions in no time. A) In fact, Im worried that I may not be able to stay in touch with my friends here. B) Not really, because it was my managers idea to send me. C) Yes, and Im worried that I may not be able to live on so little money. D) No, because I have already read a lot about the customs and traditions of the people there. E) Actually it is. But Im worried that it will be difficult for me to adapt to the culture there. 50. Sally : - Do you know much about Hogarth? Delia : - Not really. But I admire his pictures. They depict life in 18th-century London so vividly.

Delia : - I certainly would.

A) Im asking because theres an exhibition of his work at the Tate Gallery. Would you like to go?

C) Apparently some of his pictures form groups and tell a story.

49. Mary : - In our etymology class, the teacher explained that the English word lady derived from an Old English word, hlfdige, which once meant the woman who kneads dough. She said that it later became the chief female of the household, and hence, the one least likely to deal with such chores. Mike : - Oh, really? I didnt know that! What is etymology by the way?

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Mary : - It is the study of the origin and history of words in a language.

John : - ----

Mary: - Thats exactly right.

A) Im surprised you dont enjoy this class. B) Now I can understand how radically the social position of women has changed.

C) So, words may undergo changes both in form and meaning through time. D) Bread is no longer made at home today, is it? E) This course wouldnt suit me!

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Elizabeth : - ----

51. Mrs. Simpson : - Researchers point out that preschool education has long-term effects over a childs cognitive development.

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D) Lets go to see it together, shall we?

E) Perhaps we could go to an exhibition of his work.

Mrs. Simpson : - Thats right. This way they can develop problem solving and comprehension skills. Elizabeth : - I can understand now why most primary school teachers find it easier to teach such children. A) So, you mean that a child learns to share his toys with other children. B) Then, quality preschool programs stimulate and nurture young minds. C) In other words, such a child can easily adapt to new social environments. D) That means preschool education teaches a child how to be obedient and how to keep silent at school. E) Thats why children after preschool education get better at outdoor games.

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B) They say hes satiric. Is it possible for a painter to be satiric?

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

Sally : - ----

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 52. - 56. sorularda, cmleler srasyla okunduunda parann anlam btnln bozan cmleyi bulunuz. 54. (I) Calls on humanitarian aid have been on the increase for many years. (II) W hen there is a disaster, natural or otherwise, help is always required. (III) Help, however, is not always readily available. (IV) But it needs to be. (V) For a delay can mean the difference between life and death. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

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A) I A) I C) III D) IV E) V

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B) II C) III B) II C) III

52. (I) Since the mid-1990s, China has seen unprecedented economic development and expansion. (II) Huge tracts of China are actually unsuitable for either agriculture or habitation. (III) The dramatic acceleration in the pace of social development has also been exceptional. (IV) But there has been a high price to pay for all of this. (V) In particular, the environment has suffered; it has become degraded and polluted.

55. (I) Some philosophers argue that the only real world is the world of the mind and the physical world is an illusion. (II) The converse idea is that the mind is ultimately a function of the brain. (III) The brain has physical properties that are in a constant state of flux. (IV) A frequent criticism of the latter position is that it robs humanity of its lofty, idealistic spirit. (V) One basic problem the mind-body dualists have is trying to figure out how the mind is connected to the body and vice versa.

53. (I) Painting portraits can be one of the most dependable and profitable ways for an artist to make a living. (II) Portrait artists, however, have to accept that their best works may never be seen by the general public. (III) Most artists find it helpful to get to know a person before embarking on a portrait of them. (IV) Instead, they will hang in private homes to be viewed only by family members and their friends. (V) Portraits of official people make up the one big exception.

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56. (I) For most of the world, Slumdog Millionaire is this years winning film. (II) But in India, where it was filmed, it is viewed in a very different light. (III) There it is being harshly criticized for the way it presents Mumbais urban poor. (IV) The director of the film was determined to catch some of the spirit of Mumbai in his film because he found it such an exhilarating place to live in. (V) Moreover, the use of dog in the title is a further cause for offence. D) IV E) V

A) I

B) II

Not: 5 dakika dinlenme aras veriniz. Bu esnada, 1. - 56. sorulara verdiiniz cevaplarn seenek dalmn hesaplaynz (rn. A: 10 cevap; B: 8 cevap vs.).

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D) IV

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E) V

Balang saati : 10:45 Biti saati : 10:55 Toplam sre : 10 dakika

Dier sayfaya geiniz.

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SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 58. According to the passage, the Romans ---- . 57. - 80. sorular A) were great travellers and loved to explore unknown places B) greatly admired the work of mathematicians in the East

Balang saati : 11:00 Biti saati : 12:00 Toplam sre : 60 dakika Her bir metin ve buna ait 4 soruyu cevaplamak iin toplam 10 dakika ayrnz. 57. - 60. sorular aadaki paraya gre cevaplaynz.

D) were only interested in the topography of the country from a military point of view E) were essentially practical people and not interested in theoretical concepts

57. From the information in the passage, we learn that ---- . A) the scarcity of earlier information led the Romans to concentrate on all aspects of geography B) it was the Romans who first introduced cartography

.b

C) in pre-Roman times there was considerable interest in cartography D) the Romans were inspired by the topographical surveys of the Greeks E) the Romans ignored the cultural achievements of earlier times

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Of the wealth of geographical and cartographical data remaining from the Eastern world and the Greeks, the Romans were interested only in those elements that best suited their essentially practical needs. They virtually abandoned the studies of cosmography and mathematical geography, preferring to devote maximum effort to land surveys carried out by specialized military corps of land surveyors. From their topographical surveys and on-the-spot reconnaissance of places and cities, they formulated their itineraria scriptia, publications similar in many respects to our tourist guides, and their itineraria picta, a kind of road map on which they stressed only those topographical features of use to travellers.

59. It is clear from the passage that, in Roman times, ---- . A) the findings of land surveyors were carefully recorded B) the only scholarly works were itineraria scriptia and itineraria picta

60. The main idea that we get from the passage is that ---- . A) the detailed land surveys made in Roman times were largely for the benefit of the armies B) Greece and the East made far greater contributions to civilization than ever the Romans did C) though the Romans made little use of the achievements of Greece and the East, their own contributions to the world were great D) the actual investigation of places and cities is far more valuable than any amount of theoretical supposition E) the contribution of the Romans to the progress of history has been greatly underrated

ci

C) people travelled as little as possible as it could be very dangerous to do so D) the way of life was essentially a very selfish one E) there was no sense of community or of shared aims

.c
Dier sayfaya geiniz.

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C) produced extremely detailed maps of large parts of the country

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 62. It is clear from the passage that ---- . 61. - 64. sorular aadaki paraya gre cevaplaynz. A) the upkeep of the canal would be expensive B) the Languedoc canal would not make those who build it rich The greatest feat of civil engineering since Roman times was the French achievement between 1666 and 1681 of the Languedoc canal to link the Mediterranean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean. It was conceived of by King Francis I and discussed by him with Leonardo da Vinci. It was first surveyed in 1539. As a result of the civil and religious disorders in France, however, nothing happened until 1661 when Pierre Riquet worked out a scheme for supplying enough water to the summit of the canal. Jean Colbert secured the interest of the young King Louis XIV, and in 1666 the work started. The whole canal was 150 miles long with 102 locks, a tunnel, and 3 aqueducts. It evoked world admiration, and was the prototype of all future European grand canal designs even though its usefulness to France was quickly nullified by the rapidly increasing size of oceangoing ships. C) as ocean-going ships increased in size, the usefulness of the Languedoc canal declined

D) the site of the Languedoc canal was ill-chosen E) many supported the building of the canal as there was such a great need for it

63. According to the passage, once the Languedoc canal was finished ---- .

61. It can be understood from the passage that ---- .

.b

A) the construction of the canal was first started by Leonardo da Vinci B) the Languedoc canal was, for more than a century, no more than a project

C) the earliest proposal for the Languedoc canal dates back to at least Roman times D) King Francis I was opposed to Leonardo da Vincis plans for the Languedoc canal E) by the time the canal was finished, there was nothing very remarkable about it

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64. The passage makes it obvious that ---- . A) Louis XlV himself contributed usefully to the design of the canal B) it would not have been possible to have constructed the Languedoc canal in the time of Leonardo da Vinci C) the building of the Languedoc canal posed a great many challenges D) the design of the Languedoc canal was not as original as has often been suggested E) it was the interest that Leonardo da Vinci showed in the project that made possible the construction of the Languedoc canal

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A) the scope of civil engineering was re-assessed B) better systems of construction were put forward

C) problems connected with the locks began to emerge D) plans to build canals in other parts of the world were soon changed E) the whole world was filled with admiration for it

.c

om
Dier sayfaya geiniz.

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 65. - 68. sorular aadaki paraya gre cevaplaynz. 66. According to the passage, it was during the Neolithic Age that ---- . A) agricultural peoples began to settle in the Middle East and along the Mediterranean B) coloured stones were frequently collected and polished C) people first recognized the need for containers and began to make baskets and use gourds to carry water D) painted decoration of pottery gave way to decoration by indentation

.b

65. One can understand from the passage that ---- .

A) pottery production gave rise to agricultural development in the Middle East B) pottery production achieved technical perfection in the Mesolithic age

C) the pottery of the Mesolithic Age is indistinguishable from that of the Neolithic Age D) pottery can be used to trace development in early human civilizations E) the Neolithic Ages in the Mediterranean area are largely characterized by the use of polished stone

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Pottery was one of mans first artefacts. It is the presence of pottery, rather than of the polished stone, that marks the passage from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic Ages, when agricultural peoples settled both in the Mediterranean area and in the Middle East. It is commonly believed that the earliest pottery receptacles copied those of other materials, such as gourds or baskets. From the fingerprints on them, it is possible to deduce that they were made principally by women. Originally, any decoration was indented; that is, patterns were pressed into the soft clay, and it remained so for a long period until new situations, at different times in different parts of the world, produced painted decoration. As a widespread form of culture, permanently bearing in its shapes and decoration the character of individual periods and peoples, the finding of pottery has been of supreme importance to the archaeologist.

67. It is made clear in the passage that early examples of pottery ---- . A) were probably intended for holding water and other liquids B) were almost invariably made by men

68. As is pointed out in the passage, pottery is of great importance to archaeologists largely because ---- . A) it has considerable artistic beauty B) the fingerprints of the makers are preserved in them C) it preserves the character of individual periods D) it is more durable than other artefacts E) it is the very first artefact ever to be made by man

ci

C) served no practical purpose at all D) were made in known shapes like those of baskets E) tell us nothing at all about the people who made them

.c

E) pottery making spread from the Middle East to other parts of the world

om
Dier sayfaya geiniz.

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 69. - 72. sorular aadaki paraya gre cevaplaynz. 70. The passage makes it quite clear that Charlie Chaplin ---- . A) began his career as an actor but soon turned to directing films instead B) much preferred America and American culture to Britain and British culture C) is a major figure in the history of film-making D) was eager to please those he worked with

.b

69. As is pointed out in the passage the success of Chaplins films was largely due to ---- . A) his own remarkable acting abilities

B) the control he exercised on every aspect of a film

C) the detailed scripts prepared for each film D) the professional skills of the studios that made them E) the fact that Chaplin liked to improvise new scenes in front of the cameras

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Charlie Chaplin, who was born in Britain but spent most of his life in the United States, is one of the pivotal figures in film history. He is especially remembered for his work in the silent movies. Chaplin knew that a successful scene was not simply about the starring actor, but about everything else. The only way to achieve that unity was to get personally involved in every stage of the film; from starring in his films to producing, directing, editing them, and even to composing the music for them. It was not uncommon for him to decide half-way through a film that an actor wasnt suitable for a certain role, and start over with someone new. This constant attention to detail ran many features overtime and over-budget, but the public reaction assured him and the studios that what he was doing worked. Chaplin typically improvised his story in front of the camera with only a basic framework of a script. But on consideration, his art turned out to be firmly rooted, and could be seen, for example, to draw much of its strength from his successful fusion of English and American cultures and traditions.

E) appealed more to American audiences than to British ones

72. The passage as a whole explains ---- . A) why Charlie Chaplin was so successful in the film industry B) the background factors contributing to Charlie Chaplins success C) how Charlie Chaplin contributed to the development of the film industry D) the differences between the film industry then and now E) what goes into the making of a star

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71. It is clear from the passage that the film studios ---- . A) were taken in by Chaplins charm and let him have his own way all the time B) played a leading role in the making of Chaplins films

C) liked to work with Chaplin because he never interfered with what they were doing D) had to work on a very tight budget E) were content to work with Chaplin as they felt success was guaranteed

.c

om
Dier sayfaya geiniz.

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 73. - 76. sorular aadaki paraya gre cevaplaynz. 74. According to the passage, the Chippendale style of furniture was widely copied ---- . A) but only the Irish Chippendale gained much popularity B) but many of the later designs that carry his name bear little resemblance to the original Chippendale C) especially by London-based cabinet makers

.b

73. It is clear from the passage that all genuine Chippendale furniture ---- . A) is catalogued in the Gentleman and CabinetMakers Director B) has a special Chippendale mark on it

C) has been bought up by collectors D) was made by hand, and this is especially apparent in the joints E) has been reproduced by mass-production techniques

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The most important influence on the style of English furniture was that of the Chippendale family. Chippendale furniture is the creation of Thomas Chippendale, a London-based cabinetmaker. His Gentleman and Cabinet-Makers Director, a folio of furniture designs, was published in 1754 and had a wide circulation. Chippendale himself never marked his creations, making it harder today for collectors to locate original pieces. One of the best ways to find original Chippendale furniture is to look for uneven joints and tool marks, as the furniture was made entirely by hand and does not have the perfect angles of a mass-produced product. Though an article of furniture made in Chippendales manner may bear his name, it is by no means an indication that it was actually made in his workshop. The 18th century was a time when artisans were beginning to exploit various styles, leading to widespread adoption of his name in revivals of his style, so much so that dealers spoke of Chinese Chippendale, Gothic Chippendale, and even Irish Chippendale. Many of these later designs that attach his name bear little relationship to his original concepts.

D) but the copies can easily be distinguished from the original pieces E) but only by second-rate cabinet makers

75. It is pointed out in the passage that the Chippendale family ---- . A) exerted an enormous influence on the style of English furniture B) worked as cabinet makers for very many generations

76. In this passage, ---- . A) the role of the Chippendale family in shaping 18th century taste is discussed B) the Chippendale style of furniture is described in detail C) we learn something about genuine Chippendale furniture and copies of it D) the change in furniture styles from the mid-18th century to the present day is outlined E) advantages of hand-made furniture over massproduced furniture are discussed

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C) influenced furniture and design for over a century D) was more interested in furniture design than in the making of it E) made a name for themselves with the publication of a folio of furniture designs

.c
Dier sayfaya geiniz.

om

A
SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 77. - 80. sorular aadaki paraya gre cevaplaynz. 78. According to the passage, cities, until recently, ---- . A) have usually come into being quite naturally and of their own accord B) have only undergone carefully-designed change when large parts have been destroyed C) have boasted beautiful buildings, but poor infrastructure D) grew very slowly, if at all

77. One point emphasized in this passage by the writer is that ---- .

A) cities that look attractive are not always well designed

B) each green city must be individually designed

.b

C) a primary consideration throughout the ages has been to design cities that can withstand attack

D) an established city cannot easily or economically be modernized

E) all our cities must be turned into green cities

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80. It is clear from the passage that the city of Masdar ---- . A) follows a design suitable to all locations B) will be the prototype of all green cities

ci
TEST BTT.

Although most cities seem to form by accident, for thousands of years some of them have been designed. Whether for defence, beauty, or practicality, urban designers have imposed their ideas of what a city should be about. But ideas are subject to changing needs and fashions. Centuries ago, a moat or a castellated wall would have been essential. Now, greenery is in vogue. While existing cities look for ways of becoming more environmentally friendly, a number of new ones are planned that intend to be totally green. One of these is Masdar. Masdars advertising states that one day, all cities will be built like this. This is not the case. For one thing, Masdar is experimental and a work in progress. What emerges will not necessarily translate well elsewhere. Each green city is unique, and getting it to work depends on its location and economy.

E) were built to house workers, and their comfort was scarcely taken into consideration

79. It is pointed out in the passage that fashion ---- . A) and necessity have fought for the control of urban development B) has often had a role to play in urban development

C) may have encouraged the building of beautiful cities, but not of practical ones D) will soon dictate that all cities will be built in the style of Masdar E) is always changing so the style of Masdar will inevitably give way to other styles

C) will be constructed strictly in accordance with the design D) has been designed and is being built to be a green city E) will not turn out to be totally environmentally friendly

Kalan 30 dakika srenin 15 dakikasn hi bakamadnz sorular iin kullanabilirsiniz. Daha nce zerinde uratnz sorulara tekrar geri dnmeyiniz. Son 15 dakikalk sreyi asla soru zerek geirmeyiniz. Bu sre zarfnda seeneklerinizi saynz ve bo braktnz sorular, cevap kadnzda sayca en az kan seenee gre iaretleyiniz.

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDNZ.

.c

om
Dier sayfaya geiniz.

DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 CEVAP ANAHTARI

.b

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ci

.c

om

DS DENEME SINAVI SOSYAL BLMLER - 15 YABANCI KELMELER Soru 1 scientist = bilim insan agree (with / to) = 1) (birisi) ile ayn fikri paylamak, (bir gr / dnce)ye katlmak, concord, zt anl.= disagree; 2) (bir ey yapma)ya raz olmak, (bir ey yapma)y kabul etmek, zt anl.= object to human = insan(lk), human being, man history = tarih, gemi North America = Kuzey Amerika (Amerika ktasnn kuzey yarmkrede bulunan ksm) native = yerli, z, doma byme, zt anl.= foreign Native American = Kzlderili (Avrupallar ayak basmadan nce Kuzey ve Gney Amerikada yaayan yerlilere verilen genel isim), Indian make (ones) way = ilerlemek, yol kat etmek, hayatta baarl olmak, advance land = kara, toprak (paras), arazi, arsa, ground bridge = kpr, span appear to = (bir ey) olduu anlalmak, (bir ey yapar) gibi grnmek, seem to remains = (oul kullanlr) 1) kalnt(lar), arta kalan, harabe, ruin, leftover; 2) ceset, corpse instrument = 1) alet, aygt, cihaz, device; 2) ara, tool; 3) alg, enstrman musical instrument = mzik aleti, alg

Neanderthal = Neandertal (200 bin ila 28 bin yl nce, fosilleri muhafaza etmeye msait kireta maaralarda yaadklar iin haklarnda en fazla bilgi sahibi olunan ve modern kltrde tipik maara adam kalbn yaratan tarih ncesi insan tr) site = 1) yer, yerleim; 2) sit alan; 3) inaat sahas, antiye; 4) blge, blm, location; 5) nternette site

land bridge = (Alaska ve Sibiryay birbirinden ayran Bering Boaznn iki yakasn (Asya ve Amerika ktalar) gemite birbirine baladna inanlan, ince uzun kara parasna (kprye) atfta bulunulmu.) once = 1) bir zamanlar, gemite, at one time, formerly; 2) bir kez / sefer / defa, one time

connect (to) = (birbirine) balamak, birletirmek, balant kurmak, tie (to), link (with / to), zt anl.= separate (from), detach (from)

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loved = sevilen Soru 2

reluctant = isteksiz, gnlsz, unwilling, hesitant, uneager, zt anl.= willing, eager relentless = 1) bitmez tkenmez, endless; 2) acmasz, merhametsiz, insafsz, pitiless, merciless simple = basit, sade, uncomplicated, easy, elementary, zt anl.= complicated, difficult confident = gvenli, emin, sr paylalabilir, kendinden emin, trustworthy, sure of oneself Soru 3

Asia = Asya (3.5 milyar aan nfusu ile dnyann en kalabalk, 1010 mlik ortalama ykseltisiyle de en yksek ktas) inhabitant = bir yerde oturan kii, sakin, dweller, habitant ancestor = ata, cet, forebear, zt anl.= descendant

.b

north-eastern = kuzeydou, kuzeydouda olan, kuzeydou ile ilgili

one = 1) birisi, kimse, kii, person; 2) bir, tek, yegane, sole, single painful = ac veren, zc, g, dreadful, upsetting, afflictive, zt anl.= painless, pain-free heal = iyile(tir)mek, saaltmak, cure wound = yara, hasar, yaralanma, injury, harm, damage, lesion densely = youn bir ekilde, heavily, thickly, zt anl.= loosely, sparsely

colleague = meslekta, i arkada, peer counterpart = akran, muadil, mevkida, karlk, peer descendant = torun, soyun devam, (bir kiinin) soyundan gelen, zt anl.= ancestor, forebear

excessively = ar derecede, overly, redundantly, zt anl.= moderately eventually = sonunda, nihayet, at last, finally casually = 1) geliigzel biimde, stnkr, ilgisiz, kaytsz, nonchalantly; 2) gnlk, sradan, zt anl.= formally

team = grup, takm, kme, squad archaeologist = arkeolog (insan ve insanlk tarihini, geride braklan eserlere dayanarak inceleyen bilim insan)

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sensitive = duygulu, duyarl, hassas, alngan, emotional, delicate, zt anl.= insensitive, thick-skinned

.c

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Soru 4 - 6

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

cautiously = ihtiyatl, tedbirli, dikkatlice, carefully, thoughtfully, zt anl.= carelessly Soru 4 lack of = (bir ey)in eksiklii, (bir ey)den yoksunluk, mahrum olma, shortness (of), deficiency, zt anl.= abundance skill = beceri, ustalk, hner, ability, expertise education = eitim ve retim, schooling higher education = yksek renim / retim issue = mesele, sorun, konu, matter, question, point South African = Gney Afrikal make a living = hayatn kazanmak, earn a living decent = 1) yeterli, yeteri kadar, iyi, adequate, enough, zt anl.= inadequate; 2) saygn, makul, akl banda, muntazam, respectable, acceptable, proper, zt anl.= indecent prevent from = (bir ey)den alkoymak, nlemek, nne gemek, engellemek, hinder, stop, zt anl.= let, allow

source = yararlanlan kaynak(a), reference condense = zetlemek, ksaltmak, abridge easily = 1) kolaylkla, zorlanmadan, zt anl.= with difficulty; 2) tartmasz, without question, (easily the best book shes written = tartmasz yazd en iyi kitap); 3) pekala, muhtemelen, well, (That was a mistake that could easily have ended in disaster. = Pekala felakete sebep olabilecek bir hatayd.) development = ilerleme, gelime, advancement, zt anl.= regress

get along with = (birisi) ile (iyi) geinmek, uzlamak, get on well with, be in good terms with

keep up with = 1) (bir ey)e yetimek, (bir ey)den geri kalmamak, keep abreast of; 2) karlamak, meet make away with = 1) ortadan kaldrmak, kurtulmak, boa harcamak, ziyan etmek, get rid of; 2) (bir eyi) alp kamak, run away with

promote = desteklemek, gelitirmek, olumasna izin vermek, uygun ortam hazrlamak, (reklamla) tantmak, advocate, encourage, publicise, zt anl.= impede, obstruct complain = ikayet etmek, yaknmak, sound off, zt anl.= cheer

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Soru 5

take over = (bir kii)nin yerine gemek, (bir sorumluluu vs.) stlenmek, assume, (take over smt from smo = bir kiiden bir eyi devralmak) Soru 6

journey = yolculuk ahead of = (bir ey)in nn(d)e turn up = 1) (radyo, mzik vs. iin) sesini ykseltmek; 2) (beklenmedik bir ekilde) ortaya kmak, gelmek, come on / up, show up go by = 1) (zaman vs. iin) gemek, (bir yer)den geip gitmek, pass by, elapse; 2) (bir ey)e veya (bir kimse)ye gre davranmak / hareket etmek, (Go by the rules and youll be safe. = Kurallara uy; gvende olursun.) make out = 1) (bir eyin ne olduunu) kestirmek, karmak, semek, anlamak, zmek, perceive, understand; 2) baarmak, be successful break through = (bir yerden engelleri aarak) ilerlemek, zorla gemek, pass through, force a way through

offer = 1) sunmak, arz etmek, salamak, provide, present; 2) nermek, teklif etmek, propose, suggest

digest = derleme, seme, zet, tasnif, compilation

digest magazine = eitli gazetelerden, roman ve yklerden seme blm, yaz ve haberi bir araya getiren dergi

gather = topla(n)mak, bir araya getirmek / gelmek, birik(tir)mek, assemble, collect, put together, accumulate, zt anl.= disperse, scatter

article = gazete / dergi makalesi, yaz, paper

even = bile, hatta variety = eitlilik, deiiklik, farkllk, cins, tr, assortment, mixture

magazine = dergi, mecmua

.b

help = yardm etmek, desteklemek, support, assist

set out = yola koyulmak, balamak, girimek, leave, set off, embark (on), start, begin, commence, zt anl.= stay, halt

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look up to = hayranlk duymak, sayg beslemek, hrmet etmek, admire, (Every child needs someone to look up to. = Her ocuun sayg duyabilecei (rnek alabilecei) birine ihtiyac vardr.)

.c

om

Soru 7 - 12

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

Soru 7 consumption = tketim, yeme-ime, intake per capita = kii ba(na), per person peak = en yksek dzey, en st seviye, zirve, doruk (noktas), maximum, zenith decade = on yl age = 1) ya; 2) a, devir, period reach = ulamak, varmak, arrive, come go down = inmek, dmek, azalmak, come down, decrease, descend, fall, zt anl.= go up, increase, ascend, rise Soru 8 imagine = hayal etmek, farz etmek, guess, envisage be like = (birisi ya da bir ey)e benzemek, andrmak, look like, take after, zt anl.= differ from, (What is the weather like in Bursa? = Bursada hava nasl?) forget = unutmak, hatrlayamamak, ihmal etmek, blank out, zt anl.= remember imagine what your life would be like ... = ... hayatnz nasl deiirdi, bir dnn

Soru 10 Imhotep = dehasndan tr sonraki Msr nesilleri tarafndan tanrsallatrlm, ilk basamakl piramidin mimar olan eski Msrl efsanevi yazar, hekim ve mucit

medicine = 1) tp bilimi; 2) ila

mythological = mitolojik, efsanevi

figure = 1) ahsiyet, ahs, nemli / tannm kii, public figure; 2) rakam, say, number, digit; 3) ekil, shape

historical = tarihe gemi, tarihi, tarihsel personage = nemli ahsiyet / karakter, important person

wake up = uyan(dr)mak, uykudan kaldrmak / kalkmak, waken, awake, zt anl.= fall asleep

learn = 1) (bilgi, beceri vs.) renmek, (belli bir konuda) eitim almak, acquire, study; 2) anlamak, fark etmek, find out, discover; 3) (genellikle baka bir kaynaktan) duyarak bilgi edinmek, hear

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Soru 9

exist = var olmak, bulunmak, mevcut olmak, be present

establish = 1) kantlamak, ispat etmek, prove, confirm, substantiate, zt anl.= disprove, deny; 2) belirlemek, saptamak, determine, find out, calculate; 3) kurmak, tesis etmek, constitute Soru 11

find smt hard = bir eyde zorlanmak, bir eyin zor olduunu dnmek give up = (bir ey)den vazgemek, (bir ey)i terketmek / brakmak, quit, let go of, zt anl.= seize, stick to, take up smoking = sigara (ime / kullanma) alkanl outside = dardan, d, dar, d kaynakl, harici, external, zt anl.= inside assistance = destek, yardm, aid, assist, help seek = aramak, peine dmek, aratrmak, look for, pursue, inquire Soru 12

for a long time now = gemiten bugne uzun bir zamandr

economy = ekonomi, economic system

dynamic = hareketli, canl, dinamik, dynamical, active, zt anl.= undynamic gross domestic product (GDP) = gayri safi yurtii / milli hasla (lkede, rnein bir yl iinde, retilen tm rnlerin ve hizmetlerin toplam piyasa deeri) at an annual rate of 7.5% = yllk %7.5lik bir artla / hzla rate = 1) hz, srat, pace; 2) oran, nispet grow = by(t)mek, genile(t)mek, develop, mature, zt anl.= shrink, contract, compress

emerging = ykselen, gelien, ortaya kan, emergent

.b

warm-blooded = scakkanl (vcut scakln evre koullarna gre deitirmeyip devaml olarak ayn seviyede tutan), zt anl.= cold-blooded keep = tutmak, muhafaza etmek, korumak, preserve, retain, hold, protect, zt anl.= release, let go

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ci

scholar = akademisyen, bilgin

.c

mind = 1) akl, zihin, head; 2) fikir, dnce, karar, yarg, judg(e)ment, (She changed her mind. = Fikrini deitirdi.)

om

god = tanr, ilah, put

Soru 13 - 16

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

core = i, z, esas, merkez, centre, nucleus, zt anl.= exterior core body temperature = vcut i scakl (bir canlnn vcudunun i ksmlarnn normal alma scakl) pretty = 1) olduka, epey, quite, rather; 2) gzel, irin, nice, cute constant = 1) sabit, deimez, invariable, unvarying, stable, fixed, zt anl.= variable; 2) srekli, devaml, continuous, perpetual, relentless, zt anl.= terminable regardless of = (bir ey)e bal olmakszn / baklmakszn, in spite of, without considering physical = fiziki, fiziksel, bedensel condition = 1) art, koul, requirement; 2) hal, durum, situation; 3) rahatszlk, hastalk through = 1) (bir kii ya da ey) aracl ile / vastas ile / sayesinde, by means of, by, thanks to, via; 2) (bir eyin / bir yerin) iinden / arasndan Soru 13

known as = olarak / yle bilinen / tannan gossip = 1) dedikoducu, gossiper, gossipmonger; 2) dedikodu, chit-chat exceedingly = ar bir ekilde, son derece, ihtiyatan ok fazla bir ekilde, extremely, passing, zt anl.= mildly, little unusual = tuhaf, allmadk, ender, olaand, strange, uncommon, zt anl.= familiar, normal, usual

individual = 1) birey, kii, fert; 2) zel, ayr ayr, farkl, private, separate, zt anl.= common a bit = 1) az miktarda, (a) little, zt anl.= a lot, many; 2) para, parack, a piece

influence = etkilemek, lead, affect, shape

digital = dijital, saysal, zt anl.= analogue digital technology = dijital teknoloji, (bilgisayar ve dier elektronik cihazlarda kullanlan ve bilginin saysallatrlm sinyallerle (1 ya da 0) saklanmas ve aktarlmasn salayan sistem) alter = (zne dokunmadan ksmen) dei(tir)mek, change, modify besides = yan sra, yannda, (bir ey)den baka, also, as well as, in addition

compare with = (bir ey) ile karlatrmak / kyaslamak, liken to

9/11 = 11 Eyll (11 Eyll 2001de New York, ABDde meydana gelen, drt yolcu uann eitli binalar hedef alnarak infilak ettirilmesi ve bu yolla sivil ve askerlere zarar verilmesini amalayan bir dizi terr saldrs) India = Hindistan (Gney Asyada bulunan, snrlar iinde 14 blgesel dilin konuulduu, dnyann en kalabalk ikinci lkesi)

react to = (bir ey ya da bir kii)ye tepki gstermek, respond to, oppose Mumbai = Bombay (Hindistann ve dnyann en kalabalk (20 milyon) kenti olup lkedeki sermaye hareketlerinin %70i burada gereklemektedir.)

.b
Soru 14

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owing to = nedeniyle, yznden, because of, due to as if = gya, sanki mi / ... m gibi, as though, (He treats me as if I were his slave. = Bana klesiymiim gibi muamele ediyor.) whereas = oysa, iken, while, (My wife likes opera, whereas I hate it. = Eim opera sever, oysaki ben (operadan) nefret ederim.) Soru 16 as far as ... can tell = (birisi)ne gre, (birisi) sz konusu olduunda, as far as ... is concerned prehistoric = tarih ncesi, tarih ncesi (dnemler) ile ilgili relatively = nispeten, greceli olarak, comparatively despite the fact that... = ... gereine baklmakszn / ramen, regardless of the fact that..., although apart from = (bir ey)den baka, (bir ey)in haricinde, other than, except for unlike = tersine, tam aksine, (bir ey)den farkl olarak, as opposed to, zt anl.= like

attack = 1) saldr, assault, onset; 2) nbet, atak, kriz, bout

restraint = kontrol, kstlama, dizginleme, bask, control, restriction, suppression, zt anl.= relief, indulgence

dislike = holanmamak, beenmemek, sevmemek, onaylamamak, disfavour, disapprove, zt anl.= like, enjoy, favour, approve

ci

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Soru 15

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Soru 17 - 18

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

Soru 17 type = eit, tr, kind, form single-parent = bekar ebeveyn (einden ayrlm / boanm ya da partneri olmadan ocuunu tek bana byten anne ya da baba) unmarried = bekar, evlenmemi, single, unwed, zt anl.= married divorced = boanm widowed = (ei ld iin) dul kalm, (He was widowed at the age of 40. = 40 yanda dul kald.) Soru 18 personal = kiisel, bireysel, zt anl.= impersonal, public relationship = iliki, yaknlk, arkadalk, dostluk marriage = evlilik, evlenme, nikah society = topluluk, toplum, dernek important = nemli, deerli, kayda / dikkate deer, significant, zt anl.= unimportant, insignificant, trivial

wide = geni, engin, byk, ferah, broad, zt anl.= narrow trouble = zorluk, problem, glk, sknt, difficulty, problem, worry failure = baarszlk, yetersizlik, yetmezlik, bozukluk, malfunction, zt anl.= success international = uluslararas endeavour = aba, gayret, ura, mcadele, effort, struggle peace = bar, huzur, asayi, accord, harmony, zt anl.= conflict, war racist = rk, racialist

war = sava, battle, zt anl.= peace

devastating = ykc, yok edici, harap edici, destructive, disastrous, zt anl.= constructive conflict = anlamazlk, ihtilaf, atma, disagreement, fight, zt anl.= accord, peace Middle East = Orta Dou (gneybat Asyada tarihsel ve kltrel yaknl olan, Suriye, Trkiye, Irak, rdn, srail ve Lbnan dahil, toplam 15 lkenin oluturduu corafi blge)

basic = temel, ana, fundamental, zt anl.= incidental institution = 1) kurum, messese, establishment; 2) yerlemi gelenek, devaml olan ey

instead of = yerine, onun yerine..., (Instead of driving to work, Id rather use public transport. = e arabayla gitmek yerine, toplu ulam kullanmay tercih ederim.) in addition to = (bir ey)e ek olarak, as well as in opposition to = (bir ey)e kar / muhalif olarak, contrary to in case of = halinde, durumunda

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19. - 23. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)

argue = 1) (bir fikri vs.) savunmak, (belli bir) grte olmak; 2) kavga etmek, atmak, ekimek; 3) tartmak, mnakaa etmek, mzakere etmek, discuss, debate internal = i, dahili, lke ii ile ilgili, i tarafta, zt anl.= external nation = ulus, millet, devlet, memleket, lke, country, land great = byk, muazzam, ulu, big, large, outstanding

exercise = uygulamak, yerine getirmek, kullanmak, icra etmek, practice

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continued = devaml, srekli, aralksz, constant, zt anl.= temporary unrest = huzursuzluk, kargaa, disturbance, dissatisfaction, zt anl.= peace, harmony Far East = Uzak Dou (Asyann dousunda, aralarnda in, Japonya, Endonezya, Filipinler ve Malezyann da bulunduu toplam 17 lkenin tamamna verilen genel isim) worse = daha kt, zt anl.= better growing = artan, byyen, rising, raising, increasing, zt anl.= decreasing, diminishing tension = gerilim, gerginlik, gerilme kuvveti, stress, strain, zt anl.= calmness, relaxation rich (isim) = (the rich eklinde kullanlr) zenginler, varlkl olanlar, wealthy, zt anl.= poor poor (isim) = (the poor eklinde kullanlr) fakirler, yoksullar, zt anl.= rich

give rise to = (bir ey)e yol amak / neden olmak, meydana getirmek, lead to, bring about, produce, zt anl.= eradicate, destroy fresh = yeni, taze, new

ci

far more = ok daha fazla, much more

.c

danger = tehlike, risk, hazard, risk

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Soru 19 - 24

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

Soru 19 briefly = 1) ksa bir sre iin, for a short time; 2) ksaca, shortly widely = 1) byk lde, ak farkla, uzak ara; 2) genellikle, geni apta, yaygn olarak, commonly, usually, zt anl.= uncommonly, rarely intensely = youn bir ekilde, greatly, zt anl.= slightly hardly = zar zor, glkle, ok az, kt ktna, barely, zt anl.= enough, sufficiently Soru 20 define = tanmlamak, tarif etmek, belirlemek, belirtmek, specify, designate use = kullanmak, yararlanmak, utilize, employ, apply play = 1) (mzik aleti, mzik vs.) almak; 2) (oyun, futbol vs.) oynamak; 3) (tiyatro vs.de) oynamak, (bir karakteri) canlandrmak, act play a part (in) = (bir eyde) rol oynamak, etkisi / katks olmak, contribute (to), take part (in) claim = talep / iddia etmek, demand, request, zt anl.= disclaim, deny proceed = 1) ilerlemek, devam etmek, advance, continue, zt anl.= stop; 2) (bir eyden) kaynaklanmak / ortaya kmak Soru 21

moreover = bundan baka, ayrca, stelik, additionally, furthermore Soru 23 throughout = 1) her yerinde, (bir eyin) tamamnda, around, all over; 2) batanbaa, boyunca, bir utan dierine, end-to-end, all through

beside = 1) yannda, bitii(k/inde), yan banda, alongside; 2) ile karlatrldnda, (I look very scruffy beside you. = Kendimi seninle karlatrdmda, ben ok pejmrde grnyorum.) Soru 24

enter = girmek, nfuz etmek, get into, access, zt anl.= leave, get out library = ktphane, kitaplk

glance = gz atmak / gezdirmek, bakvermek, glimpse shelf = (oul: shelves) raf be expected to do smt = bir ey yapmas beklenmek, be required / waited to do smt classify = snflandrmak, kategorize etmek, gruplara ayrmak, categorize, sort, group, break down, zt anl.= declassify bulk = 1) byk blm / hacim / ktle, (The bulk of the work is finished. = in byk blm bitti.); 2) (kimi gda maddeleri vs. iin) dkme (paketlenmemi) at first = ilk nce, balangta, ilkin, initially, zt anl.= finally

tolerance = hogr, tolerans, tahamml, permissiveness, zt anl.= intolerance

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Soru 22

agreement = mutabakat, anlama, szleme, uyuma, accord, zt anl.= discord, disagreement

emergence = ortaya kma, appearance, zt anl.= disappearance

establishment = 1) tesis etme / edilme, kur(ul)ma, foundation; 2) kurulu, enterprise representation = tasvir, betimleme, temsil

otherwise = yoksa, aksi takdirde, or else, or

despite = (bir ey)e karn / ramen, in spite of, regardless of notwithstanding = (bir ey)e ramen, (bir ey) ile birlikte, (bir ey)i dikkate almakszn, despite, in spite of, regardless of

nevertheless = yine de, bununla birlikte, however, even so

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bewildered = akn, afallam, akna dnm, sersem, kafas kark, amazed, confused quantity = miktar, nicelik, amount look for = aramak, bulmaya almak, search tidy up = (ortal) toplamak / ekidzen vermek, dzeltmek, derleyip toparlamak, clean up, straighten working day = i / alma gn librarian = ktphane mdr / memuru, ktphaneci online = evrim ii (nternet veya baka bir bilgisayar ana bal olma hali) service = hizmet, servis, help online service = evrim ii hizmet (bilgisayar ve modem araclyla bilgi bankalarna ve eitli bilgilere ulamay salayan hizmet)

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Soru 25 - 27

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

Soru 25 it is a long time before they can use the numbers effectively = onlar saylar dzgn bir ekilde kullanmay renene kadar uzun zaman geer readily = 1) abucak, hzla, zamannda, seve seve, promptly, rapidly, willingly, zt anl.= slowly, late; 2) kolayca, hazrda / kolayda, easily effectively = etkin / verimli bir ekilde, efficiently, zt anl.= ineffectively, inefficiently research = aratrma, alma, study carry out = yapmak, gerekletirmek, uygulamak, yerine getirmek, accomplish, fulfil, implement, perform, conduct process = sre, procedure, progression encourage = tevik etmek, zendirmek, cesaret vermek, yreklendirmek, promote, zt anl.= deter, discourage solve = (sorun vs.) zmek, yoluna koymak, settle, sort out, resolve

environmental = evresel, evre ile ilgili archaeology = arkeoloji bilimi (kaz vb. yntemlerle ortaya karlan tarih yaptlar kltrel, sanatsal ve tarihsel ynden inceleyerek insanolunun gemiten bugne geliimini aratran antropoloji biliminin alt dal) environmental archaeology = evresel arkeoloji (geleneksel arkeolojiye alternatif olarak gelien, doa ve fen bilim dallaryla btnleerek, kltrel sorunlarn zmne ynelik aratrmalar yapan bilim dal) well-developed = iyi gelimi / bym discipline = bilim dal, disiplin

work = i, alma, eser

complex = karmak, anlalmas g, complicated, zt anl.= simple, straightforward matter = nemi / nemli olmak, fark etmek, count

it doesnt matter = fark etmez, nemi yok, zarar yok maths = matematik (dersi)

multiply = 1) (matematikte) arpmak, zt anl.= divide; 2) re(t)mek, oal(t)mak, yay(l)mak, reproduce, propagate, spread

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Soru 26

fossil = fosil (kaya tabakalar arasnda talam halde bulunan ok eski canl kalnts)

survive = var olmay / yaamay srdrebilmek, ayakta / sa kalmak, remain, live on, zt anl.= perish, die dry = kurak, kuru, zt anl.= wet cave = maara, in probably = muhtemelen, olaslkla, likely disregard = hie saymak, bo vermek, aldrmamak, ignore, overlook, zt anl.= consider, pay attention Soru 27

.b

digit = rakam hanesi, basamak

two-digit number = iki haneli rakam / say

form = eit, tr, type, kind

evidence = delil, belirti, gsterge, iaret, clue, indication, hint, proof

analytic philosophy = analitik felsefe (kurucusu ve en byk temsilcisi Avusturyal filozof Ludwig Wittgenstein olan, 1945-1960 yllar arasnda zellikle Anglo-Sakson corafyada gelien, her durumda felsefi problemleri dil asndan ele alp bu problemlere dil analizi yaparak zm arayan akm) empirical = deneysel, gzlemsel, deneye / gzleme dayanan, empiric field = bilim dal, alan, disiplin, discipline analyst = analist, analizci, aratrmac interdisciplinary = bilimler / disiplinler aras study = aratrma, alma, research prove = 1) kantlamak, ispatlamak, ortaya karmak, confirm, establish, zt anl.= disprove, deny; 2) (bir ey olduu) ortaya kmak / anlalmak, (proved problematic = problemli kt)

state = 1) hal, durum, form; 2) devlet, lke, nation, country poor = 1) yetersiz, kt, elverisiz, inadequate, zt anl.= adequate; 2) fakir, yoksul, zt anl.= rich, wealthy preservation = muhafaza, koru(n)ma, sakla(n)ma, conservation be in a state of poor preservation = yetersiz / kt koruma altnda olmak, dzgn korunmamak

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reconstruct = (ksmen bilinen bir eyin) btnn belirgin hale getirmek, (olaylar) yerli yerine koymak, restructure

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Soru 28 - 30

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

invaluable = paha biilemeyen, ok nemli / deerli, zt anl.= worthless social scientist = sosyal bilimci (dnyann ve yaamn insani ve toplumsal ynlerini inceleyen bilim insan) opinion = gr, fikir, dnce, inan, bak as, view, conception be of the same opinion = ayn dncede / fikirde olmak, ayn inanc / dnceyi paylamak engage in = (bir ey) ile megul olmak, be involved in puzzled = kafas kark, akn, at a loss, bewildered, confused art = sanat appreciation = 1) (bir eyin) deerini / nemini / gerekliliini anlama, discernment, taste; 2) takdir, minnettarlk, admiration develop = geli(tir)mek, ortaya k(ar)mak, bring out only recently = daha yeni

cultural heritage = kltrel miras (eski alardan gnmze kadar gelebilmi, tanabilen veya tanamayan, yer altnda veya yer stnde rastlanan tarihi ve sanatsal eserler) attract = (ilgisini) ekmek, cezbetmek, etkilemek, appeal to, zt anl.= repel Soru 29

face = (birisi / bir ey) ile kar karya gelmek, yzlemek, yz yze gelmek, (birisi / bir ey)in karsna kmak, challenge, confront, encounter, zt anl.= avoid, evade, retreat (from)

to do list = yaplacak iler listesi

discourage = cesaretini / hevesini krmak, gzn korkutmak, deter, dissuade, zt anl.= urge, encourage unnecessarily = bo yere, gereksizce, unduly, zt anl.= reasonably, sensibly exaggerate = abartmak, gznde bytmek, overemphasise, zt anl.= underestimate motivate = motive etmek, harekete geirmek, tevik etmek, cesaretlendirmek, excite, inspire, encourage, zt anl.= discourage

recently = yakn zamanda, son zamanlarda, lately Soru 28

Dublin = rlandann bakenti ve en byk ehri

fairly = 1) olduka, somewhat, quite, zt anl.= extremely; 2) adilce, justly, equitably, zt anl.= unfairly identity = kimlik, hviyet, bir kii ya da yeri dierlerinden ayran zellikler

thriving = istikrarl bir ekilde byyen / gelien, prosperous, flourishing, growing

rich in history = kkl bir tarihi olan, tarihi adan zengin run through = (nehir, dere vs. iin) bir eyin veya (bir yer)in iinden akmak / gemek, flow through, (Venice is famous for its water canals running through the city. = Venedik, ehrin iinden geen (ak) su kanallar ile nldr.) voice = ses, ses tonu

.b

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put off = 1) ertelemek, postpone, defer; 2) (bir ey)den soutmak, tiksindirmek, repel, turn off

be wasted = israf / heba olmak, boa gitmek, zt anl.= be conserved Soru 30

sound = ses vermek / karmak, duyulmak sound high and thin = (sesi) yksek / tiz ama zayf kmak thin = 1) ince, clz, weak, zt anl.= strong, rich; 2) zayf, weak, slim, zt anl.= fat tape = ses kaseti, bant actually = aslnda, aslna baklrsa, esasnda, gerekten, as a matter of fact, to tell the truth, in fact close = yakn, yakn(lar)da, yaknda(ki), nearby, zt anl.= far-off, far

harbour = liman, barnak, seaport, haven

famous for = (bir ey)i ile nl olmak, (Venice is famous for its water canals running through the city. = Venedik, ehrin iinden geen (ak) su kanallar ile nldr.) cultural = kltrel, ethnic

heritage = miras, kalt, inheritance

ci

hopelessly = mitsizce, umutsuzca, aresizce, desperately, zt anl.= hopefully

.c

terribly = son derece, awfully

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Soru 31 - 32

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

good-quality = iyi kalite, vasfl recording = ses kayd, bant, kayt, transcription loss = azalma, eksilme, kayp, zarar, ziyan, deprivation, zt anl.= gain researcher = aratrmac, investigator experience = yaamak, tecrbe etmek, (bir dnemden) gemek, go through, undergo, zt anl.= avoid level = belli bir derece(de), seviye, dzey anxiety = (endie, korku ve kuruntunun yaratt gerilimle beliren) huzursuzluk hali, i sknts, worry, uneasiness, zt anl.= tranquillity social anxiety = sosyal kayg / fobi / anksiyete (insan hayatnn akn ve duygu durumunu derinden etkileyen, gndelik hayatn gerekliliklerini kabusa dntren, sosyal ortamlarda aa kan korku ve kayg duygusu) Soru 31

Soru 32 Austria = Avusturya (Orta Avrupada denize kys bulunmayan, dokuz eyaletten oluan federal devlet) linguistically = dilsel olarak, dil ynnden, dilbilimsel ynden

Austria is linguistically homogeneous = Avusturyada tek bir dil konuulmaktadr population = nfus, poplasyon

German = 1) Almanca; 2) Alman linguistic = dilsel, szel, dile ait

difference = fark, kartlk, ztlk, distinction, contrast, zt anl.= similarity, likeness majority = ounluk, byk ksm, zt anl.= minority deny = 1) yadsmak, yalanlamak, reddetmek, inkar etmek, refuse, reject, zt anl.= admit, accept; 2) yoksun brakmak, deprive of

mystery = gizem, sr, esrar, secret, enigma, zt anl.= revelation, explanation novel = roman

mystery-type novel = dedektif / cinayet tr roman provide with = salamak, bulmak, temin etmek, supply, render, zt anl.= withhold

background = 1) (bir olayn) ncesi / gemii / arka plan; 2) (bir kimsenin) gemiten gelen kltr ve eitim birikimi / aile yaps

.b

crime = su, cinayet, sabka, criminal offense necessary = gerekli, zorunlu, zaruri, nemli, essential, zt anl.= unnecessary

challenge = meydan okumak, kafa tutmak, (gcn, yeteneini vs.) snamak, confront detective = dedektif, hafiye, investigator chance = frsat, ans, opportunity, prospect

have a chance = frsat yakalamak, ans olmak, imkan bulmak imagination = hayal / d gc, imagery author = yazar, writer harshly = acmaszca, serte, iddetle, sternly, sharply, zt anl.= softly, lightly, gently

criticize = eletirmek, yermek, tenkit etmek, zt anl.= praise

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dialect = lehe

German-speaking country = Almanca konuulan lke difficulty = glk, zorluk, problem, trouble have difficulty = zorluk / glk gemek Austrian = Avusturyal at least = en az / aa, at the least, zt anl.= at most foreign = d, yabanc, yabanc uyruklu considerable = nemli, hatr saylr, byk, hayli, fazla, sizable, substantial, zt anl.= little, insignificant

various = eitli, farkl, several, diverse, different region = blge, yre, alan, evre, zone, area, location resulting = sonu olarak ortaya kan, sonutaki, consequent heterogeneity = heterojenite, farkllk (baka bir tr ile karlatrlabilir olmama hali), zt anl.= homogeneity contribute to = katkda bulunmak, pay olmak, support, help diversity = eitlilik, farkllk, variety, assortment, zt anl.= uniformity cultural diversity = kltrel eitlilik

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ci

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homogeneous = homojen, badak, ayn, ayn yapda, zt anl.= heterogeneous

Soru 33 - 35

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

Soru 33 Japan = Japonya (Dou Asyada gemi inaat, elektronik ve otomobil retiminde bir dnya devi olan ada lkesi) effort = aba, gayret, hard work reduce = azal(t)mak, cut down, diminish, decrease, lower, zt anl.= increase piracy = korsanlk incident = (genellikle kt sonular olan) olay, hadise, occurrence, event, happening area = blge, alan, muhit, region highly = ok, byk oranda, vastly, greatly successful = baarl, etkili, victorious, winning, zt anl.= unsuccessful several = 1) ok, pek ok, ikiden ok, many, various; 2) srasyla, ayr ayr, respective, various adopt = benimsemek, accept, assume, zt anl.= reject, turn down

Soru 34 terrorism = terr, terrizm (yldrma siyaseti) likely to = olas, muhtemel, beklenen, probable, expected, zt anl.= improbable, unlikely

be in need of = (bir ey)e ihtiyac olmak / gereksinim duymak reform = reform, yenilik, improvement, revision hope (for) = (bir eyin olmasn) sabrszlkla beklemek / iple ekmek, (bir ey iin) can atmak, expect, look forward

shortcoming = eksiklik, kusur, noksan, yetersizlik, defect, flaw right = dzeltmek, correct

similar = yakn, benzer, akin, alike, zt anl.= different tactic = taktik, manevra, bavurulan yol ve yntem local = yerel, yresel, blgesel security = gvenlik, protection

security forces = gvenlik kuvvetleri

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symbolic = sembolik, simgesel, symbolical wrong = hakszlk, yanllk, hata it is not enough to right symbolic wrongs = baz nemsiz, sembolik (byk grup iinde ok kk bir iki) hakszl dzeltmek yeterli deildir Soru 35

respond = karlk vermek, tepki gstermek, react

usual = allm, olaan, sradan, ordinary, zt anl.= unusual

concept = kavram, konu, dnce, gr, conception, idea, notion

government = hkmet, devlet

non-interference = mdahale etmeme, karmama choose = semek, tercih etmek, opt, pick out, select, prefer rise to the challenge = zorluklara gs germek, (bir duruma vs.) meydan okumaya hazrlanmak lack = (bir ey)den yoksun olmak, mahrum olmak, be short of, be without, zt anl.= have, own desire = arzu, iddetli istek, want

one = (C seeneinde a policy yerine kullanlm olan zamir.)

.b

policy = (bir konuda izlenecek) siyaset, politika, tutum

Emotional Intelligence = duygusal zeka (bir insann kendisine veya bakalarna ait duygular anlama, sezinleme, ynetme ve ynlendirme yetenei, kapasitesi ve becerisinin lmn ieren kavram), EQ enormous = muazzam, ok byk, tremendous, immense, huge, zt anl.= tiny, little, insignificant impact = 1) etki, tesir, nfuz, effect, influence; 2) darbe, arpma, hit, collision workplace = i yeri, work reconsider = tekrar gzden geirmek / dnmek / ele almak, yeniden incelemek

routine = alkanlk, program, rutin, dzen (ayn iin / ilerin belli aralklarla tekrar edilmesi) seem = (gibi) grnmek, look, appear

assert = 1) (hakkn vs.) gl bir ekilde savunmak / kabul ettirmeye almak, declare, insist, press; 2) ileri srmek, iddia etmek, put forward

ci

end = sona er(dir)mek, bit(ir)mek, terminate, stop, quit, cease, be over, zt anl.= begin, start

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cease = durmak, sona er(dir)mek, (bir ey yapmay) durdurmak, end, stop, halt, quit, zt anl.= begin, continue, (cease-fire = atekes)

Soru 42 - 43

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

admit = kabul etmek, itiraf etmek, (gelmesine, girmesine vs.) izin vermek, accept, allow, zt anl.= deny, reject as long as = srece, mddete, so long as contempt = nefret, hor grme, kmseme, ayplama, despite, disrespect, disdain disgust = irenme, tiksinti employer = iveren, patron realize = farkna varmak, anlamak, recognize, acknowledge, be aware of considerate = dnceli, saygl, thoughtful, zt anl.= inconsiderate Soru 42 complicated = karmak, anlalmas g, complex, intricate, zt anl.= simple improve = dzel(t)mek, yoluna koymak, geli(tir)mek, art(tr)mak, enhance, upgrade, increase, zt anl.= deteriorate, worsen, decrease, weaken over = 1) (edat) zerin(d)e, stn(d)e, yukarsn(d)a; 2) (zarf) (zaman iin) btn, boyunca, (stay over the weekend = hafta sonu boyunca kalmak); 3) (sfat) bitti, bitmi, (The lesson is over. = Ders bitti.)

understanding = 1) bilgi, fikir, anlay, anlama, comprehension, (I have no understanding of politics. = Politika konusunda hibir fikrim / bilgim yok.); 2) hogr, sympathy essential = 1) gerekli, zaruri, crucial, vital; 2) asl, esas, temel, fundamental, zt anl.= incidental, peripheral Soru 43

employment = istihdam, i, employ, work, zt anl.= unemployment

reduction = azal(t)ma, in(dir)me, indirim, decrease, zt anl.= increase occupation = 1) i, meslek, ura, profession, vocation; 2) igal, invasion, seizure increase = art, rise, zt anl.= decrease, fall illustrate = aklamak, rneklemek, belirtmek, rneklerle tasvir etmek / betimlemek, exemplify, instance be illustrated in sth = bir ey ile rneklenmek, bir eyde tanmn bulmak occur = olmak, meydana gelmek, happen, take place agriculture = tarm, ziraat, farming, husbandry

alive = hayatta, canl, yayor (olmak), live, animated, zt anl.= dead fellow = 1) arkada, dost, companion; 2) meslekta, colleague; 3) doktora veya bilimsel aratrma bursu alan kimse, akademi yesi

view = 1) gr, fikir, dnce, inan, bak as, opinion, conception; 2) grn, manzara, panorama

.b

philosophical = felsefi, felsefeyle ilgili, filozofa

act = 1) davranmak, hareket etmek; 2) (tiyatro ya da sinemada) rol yapmak; 3) (bir eyin grevini) grmek, (bir ey ya da kiinin grevini) stlenmek rather = olduka, epeyce, bir hayli, quite, somewhat

selfish = bencil, egoist, egotist, self-centred way = yol, yntem, tarz, biim, ekil, (Dont shout at me like that. You are hurting me in this way. = Bana yle barma. Bu ekilde beni kryorsun.) in a selfish way = bencilce, bencil bir ekilde in the first place = 1) ilk evvela, ilk olarak, her eyden nce, to begin with, in the beginning; 2) nceden, batan, earlier, (Why didnt you tell me about it in the first place? = Bunu bana niye nceden sylemedin?)

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mass production tools = seri retim aralar on the other hand = dier / te yandan, then again labour = emek, i, alma, toil industry = endstri, sanayi temporary = geici, kesin olmayan, interim, provisional, transitory, zt anl.= permanent displacement = 1) yerinden etme / alma; 2) yerinden oynama / kayma; 3) deplasman (bir cismin kaplad alandaki su veya havann arl)

require = (bir ey)i gerektirmek, (bir ey) istemek, zorunlu klmak, ask, call for, compel, oblige, demand sharp = 1) keskin, iddetli, steep, abrupt, zt anl.= gentle; 2) zeki, akl(ca), intelligent, zt anl.= slow

ci

permanent = kalc, daimi, srekli, lasting, unchanging, zt anl.= temporary

.c

bring about = meydana getirmek, neden olmak, give rise, produce, effectuate, account for, (The new law brought about many complaints. = Yeni yasa pek ok ikayete neden oldu.)

om

Soru 44 - 45

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

clerical = 1) memuriyet / memurluk ile ilgili; 2) yaz / bro ileri ile ilgili degree = derece, byklk, level, grade, stage flexibility = esneklik, zt anl.= inflexibility depend on / upon = (bir ey)e baml / bal olmak, rely on, zt anl.= be independent (from) regular = dzenli, tutarl, istikrarl, devaml, consistent, steady, zt anl.= irregular, unsteady, inconsistent cash = nakit, nakit para, hard currency, zt anl.= credit income = gelir, kazan, earnings, zt anl.= outgo goods = ticari mallar, commodities, articles of trade as well as = 1) (bir ey)e ek olarak, de / da, ve; 2) (hem) hem de , in addition to; 3) hem de ..., (onu) da, and also, (Not: As well, as well as zarf ile ayn anlam tar, ancak cmle sonunda kullanlr: Ive bought a tie and a shirt as well. = Bir kravat, bir de gmlek satn aldm.) Soru 44

doubt, in fact, actually often = sklkla, ounlukla, sk sk, frequently, zt anl.= rarely, (We often meet over a cup of coffee. = ounlukla bir kahve iimlik aralarda / zamanlarda gryoruz.)

poem = iir, verse form

choice = seenek, seim, are, alternative, option, pick, selection

a handful (of) = az miktarda, bir avu, bir elin parmaklar kadar, smattering, fistful

anthology = seki, antoloji (iir veya hikaye gibi belli bir grup edebi eserin topland kitap) stage = aama, evre, safha, phase take shape = ekillenmek, (bir eyin) eklini almak, form, spring, take form foresee = nceden grmek / sezmek, anticipate, predict

.b

consider = 1) dikkate almak, gz nnde tutmak, take into account; 2) dnmek, aklda tartmak, think about; 3) (yle olduuna) inanmak, assume, regard, deem; 4) zerinde dnmek, think over

public = kamu, halk, populace

favourite = favori, sevilen, beenilen, tutulan, best-loved, preferred

direct = 1) ynlendirmek, guide; 2) talimat vermek, instruct piece = 1) para, ksm, bit, slice; 2) (satranta) ta miss = 1) gzden ka(r)mak; 2) (otobs, ders, frsat vs.) karmak, 3) karavana atmak, zt anl.= hit; 4) zlemek, hasretini ekmek, long for, yearn for; 5) kayp olmak, (My son is missing. = Olum kayp.) indeed = aslna baklrsa / bakarsanz, aslnda, gerekten, hakikaten, dorusu, certainly, without a

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Renaissance = Rnesans (Avrupa tarihinde 14. yy.da balayp 17. yy.n ortalarna kadan sren, zellikle sanat, bilim ve mimaride olmak zere, kltrel anlamda yeniden dou) period = dnem, sre generate = retmek, yaratmak, yield, render, produce

lively = yaam / enerji /olay / eylem dolu, hara(r/k)etli, live, brisk, vital, zt anl.= dull, (a lively baby = enerji dolu bir bebek; a lively discussion = hararetli bir tartma) debate = tartma, mzakere, argument, discussion origin = kken, k noktas, beginning, root, source thought = dnce, fikir, gr, idea, opinion, view, sentiment evaluation = deerlendirme, assessment, appraisal significance = nem, anlam, ciddiyet, importance, meaning, zt anl.= insignificance; 2) sakl / altta yatan anlam, ima edilen ey, implication attention = 1) dikkat, ilgi, care; 2) (askerlikte) Hazr ol!, zt anl.= (stand) at ease primary = birincil, ana, temel, main, principle, zt anl.= secondary, subordinate slowly = 1) yava, yava yava, ar ar, acele etmeden, zt anl.= quickly; 2) hafif bir sesle, sessiz(ce), zt anl.= loudly, (She spoke slowly so as not to wake the baby up. = Bebei uyandrmamak iin ok sessiz konutu.)

ci

.c
Soru 45

of course = tabii ki, elbette, doaldr ki, hi kuku yok ki, kukusuz, naturally, as might be expected

om

outgrow = 1) (zamanla) (bir alkanlk vs.)den vazgemek; 2) (yaa) geride brakmak

Soru 46

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

spread = 1) yay(l)mak, yaygnlamak, da(l/t)mak, kaplamak, istila etmek, brmek, sarmak, disperse, disseminate, circulate, expand, zt anl.= shrink; 2) (duvara boya, ekmee reel vs.) srmek across = 1) boyunca, apnda, bir utan bir uca, throughout; 2) karsna, dier yakasna, to the other side of Western = Bat, Batya zg distinctive = tipik, kendine zg, kolaylkla ayrt edilebilen, characteristic, zt anl.= ordinary contribution (to) = katk, share, (He was awarded a prize for his contribution to world peace. = Dnya barna yapt katkdan tr dle layk grld.) era = devir, a, dnem, period recent = (yakn gemiten bahsederken) en son, en yakn / yeni, late, current, zt anl.= past emphasise = vurgulamak, altn izmek, stress, underline, accentuate, punctuate original = zgn, asl, yeni, orijinal, zt anl.= unoriginal text = 1) metin; 2) ders kitab, textbook document = belge, dokman, papers

discovery = keif, bulu, bulgu, breakthrough, find, uncovering Italian = 1) talyan, talyaya ait; 2) talyanca place = yerletirmek, koymak, put

once more = bir kez daha, yeniden, again

lifes stage = hayat(n) sahnesi / tiyatrosu, (E seeneinde, talyan Rnesansnn insana odaklandna ve onu konu edindiine atfta bulunulmu.)

value = deer, kymet, eder, fiyat Soru 46

artefact = insan eliyle yaplan ey / obje, artifact

preceding = (bir kii ya da ey)den nce gelen, selef, (bir ey)in nnde / ncesinde olan, antecedent, zt anl.= succeeding century = yzyl, asr, a hundred years

Roman Empire = Roma mparatorluu (M.. 27 ylnda Augustus tarafndan kurulmu, Avrupa, Asya ve Afrikann byk bir blmnde M.S. 395 ylna kadar hkm srm, askeri, kltrel ve mimari alanlarda ok nemli izler brakm byk bir imparatorluk)

.b

dissolution = dalma, paralara ayrlma, breakup, disintegration, dissolving

possibility = olaslk, ihtimal, likelihood, chance, zt anl.= impossibility intellectual = entellektel, akla dayanan, zihinsel revival = 1) yeniden canlanma, dirili, uyan, resurgence; 2) (film, tiyatro oyunu iin) gemite sahnelenmi bir eseri (farkl oyuncular ve farkl yorum ile) yeniden sahneleme, remake achievement = baar, elde etme, kazanma, accomplishment, success, zt anl.= failure, defeat

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politics = (oul kullanlr) siyaset, politika, siyasi dnce / tutum broadly = genel olarak, geni apl (bir ekilde), generally competition = rekabet, yarma, contest power = g, iktidar then = o halde, buna gre, in that case clear = ak, bariz, aikar, net, belirgin, obvious, zt anl.= unclear initially = balangta, bata, ncelikle, aslnda, esasen, nceleri, primarily, essentially, at first, originally, in the beginning, zt anl.= finally small-scale = kk apl / lekli, minor, modest politician = politikac, siyaseti political = politik, siyasi, zt anl.= nonpolitical organization = organizasyon, rgt, kurum, idari yap, establishment, system, formation, arrangement at all = hi mi hi, hibir surette, whatsoever present = 1) varolan, mevcut, here, there, zt anl.= absent; 2) imdi(ki), halihazr, current, zt anl.= past role = rol, grev, vazife, function, use term = 1) dnem, vade, smestr; 2) art, koul, condition early = ba(/lar), balangc, (in the early 1960s = 1960larn balarnda)

ci

humanistic = insani, hmanistik, insanca, humane, humanitarian

.c

infuse = alamak, telkin etmek, esin kayna olmak, instil

om

human being = insan, insanolu, homo, human, man

Soru 47 - 48

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

anthropologist = antropoloji uzman, antropolog (insanolunun kkenini ve sosyal ilikilerini inceleyen sosyal bilimci) large-scale = byk apl / lekli, big, large continuing = kalc, srekli, devam eden, sregelen, ongoing political office = siyasi makam, devlet memuriyeti impose (on / upon) = zorla kabul ettirmek, dayatmak, (yasa, kural, yaptrm vs.) uygulamak, empoze etmek, assert citizen = vatanda, yurtta, zt anl.= noncitizen vast = ok byk, ok geni, engin, huge, immense, zt anl.= small, tiny, (They are building these roads at vast expense. = Bu yollar ok byk harcamalarla yapyorlar.) look like = gibi grnmek, (birine ya da bir ey)e benzemek, resemble, (It looks like rain. = Yamur yaacak gibi grnyor.) function = fonksiyon / ilev / grev grmek, serve, work, operate, zt anl.= malfunction Soru 47

hi = merhaba, hello

How are things going with you and your family? = Sen ve ailen nasilsiniz?, (Her ey yolunda m? anlamnda bir soru), (How is it going? = Nasl gidiyor? / Ne haber? / Ne var, ne yok?) financial = finansal, parasal, ekonomik, economic, monetary

.b

responsibility = sorumluluk, ykmllk, blame, liability, zt anl.= immunity, exemption bill = 1) fatura, hesap; 2) gaga, beak

terrible = berbat, korkun, horrible, awful, zt anl.= beautiful, nice

due = zaman / vadesi gelmi, mature

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parents = anne ve baba, ebeveyn

sometimes = bazen, ara sra, zaman zaman, from time to time, occasionally, now and then be fearful of smt = bir eyden korkmak / rkmek member = ye, aza, zt anl.= nonmember expense = harcama, masraf, expenditure pile up = topla(n)mak, birik(tir)mek, accumulate, amass, collect, compile, gather cut down on = (bir ey)i ksmak / azaltmak, reduce, restrict, decrease, economise on, zt anl.= increase, waste

expenditure = gider, harca(n)ma, masraf, expense, zt anl.= income Soru 48 worried = kaygl, endieli, zgn, apprehensive, disquieted, distressed, disturbed, upset abroad = yurt dn(d)a worry about = (bir ey) hakknda endie / kayg duymak, be concerned about get used to = (bir ey)e almak, adapte olmak, adapt oneself to, familiarize oneself with, get accustomed to custom = gelenek, adet, tradition tradition = gelenek, adet, custom, convention in no time = ksa / az zamanda, hemen, very fast

surely = elbette, muhakkak, for certain, for sure

get paid = maa, cret vs. almak, maa, creti vs. denmek, (I get paid on the fifth of each month. = Her ayn beinci gn maa alyorum.) help out = (genellikle geici bir sre iin, zel bir ite ya da belirli bir istei karlamak zere birine) yardmc olmak, help, (Can you help out tonight with the dinner? = Bu akam yemekte (bana) yardmc olabilir misin?)

ci

withdraw (from) = 1) (destei vs.) geri ekmek, retreat; 2) (askeriyede) geri ekilmek; retreat, zt anl.= attack, assault; 3) (para) ekmek

.c

redirect = (birini ya da bir eyi yeni bir amaca, yere vs.) ynlendirmek / kanalize etmek, (She is very good at redirecting the childrens energy into useful things. = ocuklarn enerjisini iyi eylere ynlendirmekte ok baarl.)

om

save = 1) korumak, kurtarmak, bring through; 2) (para vs.) biriktirmek, preserve; 3) (vakit vs.) kazandrmak, tasarruf ettirmek, economize; 4) (ban dertten / istenmeyen bir eyden) kurtarmak, (If you make an appointment first, itll save you waiting. = Eer nceden randevu alrsan, beklemekten kurtulursun.); 5) (birine bir ey) ayrmak, (Save me some cake. = Bana biraz kek ayrn.); 6) (tartma vs. trnden olumsuz bir duruma) mahal / frsat vermemek, (She did the job herself to save argument. = Tartmaya frsat vermemek iin ii kendisi yapm.)

Soru 49

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

in fact = aslnda, esasen, in reality, in truth, indeed stay in touch = irtibatta kalmak, irtibat / ilikiyi kesmemek, haberlemek, keep in touch not really = pek (yle) deil, aslnda yle deil, not exactly live on = geinmek, idare etmek, (How can a person live on 300 liras a month? = Bir insan ayda 300 lira ile nasl geinebilir?) adapt to = (bir ey)e adapte olmak / etmek, uy(arla)mak, intibak etmek, adjust, conform, accommodate, zt anl.= dislocate Soru 49 etymology = kelimelerin kkeni ve geliimiyle ilgilenen bilim dal, kelimelerin tarihesi explain = aklamak, izah etmek, anlatmak, tarif etmek, account for, give an account of, justify, define, describe lady = bayan, hanm, hanmefendi, gentlewoman, madam

least = (little sfatnn / zarfnn 3. derecesi) en az, to the lowest degree, zt anl.= most likely (to do smt) = (bir ey yapmas) olas / muhtemel / beklenen, probable, expected, zt anl.= improbable, unlikely

chore = (yaplmas gereken belirli bir) i / vazife / grev, task, (household chores = ev ileri)

derive from = (bir ey)den elde etmek / karmak / tre(t)mek, obtain from, originate from

mean = 1) anlamna gelmek, demek, entail, imply, (What does hakl mean in English? = ngilizcede hakl ne demek?); 2) (bir eyi yapmak) istemek, niyet etmek, intend, (I didnt mean to hurt you. = Sizi krmak istememitim.) knead = yourmak, karmak, work

later = daha sonra, sonradan, sonralar, daha ge, afterwards, more former / previous / recent, zt anl.= earlier become = 1) olmak, (Our daughter has become a teacher. = Kzmz retmen oldu / kt.); 2) (bir ey)e dnmek, turn, (Her former friend became her worst enemy. = Eski arkada en byk dmanna dnt / dman oldu.); 3) -le(n)mek/ -la(n)mak, -lemek/-lamak, get, (become cheap = ucuzlamak; become mean = cimrilemek)

.b

dough = 1) hamur; 2) (para yerine kullanlan argo kelime), mangr, mangiz

chief = ba, ef, temel, ana, esas, head, main, primary, principle female = kz, kadn, hanm, (insanlar ve hayvanlar iin) dii, zt anl.= male

household = ev, ev halk, aile, evsel, eve ait, family, home hence = bylece, bylelikle, dolaysyla, thus, therefore

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right = doru, hakl, uygun, correct, good, proper, suitable, suited, (Dont worry son; she wasnt right for you anyway. = zlme olum; o kz zaten sana gre deildi.) be surprised = armak, hayrete dmek, hayret etmek, be amazed, be astonished, be openmouthed, be at a loss, zt anl.= be unsurprised enjoy = (bir ey)den keyif almak, (bir ey)in tadn / keyfini kar(t)mak, take pleasure in, zt anl.= suffer (from) radically = allmn ok dnda / radikal bir ekilde, kkten, extraordinarily social = sosyal, toplumsal, kolay arkada olabilen / bulabilen, (kulp, dernek vs. iin) insanlar bir araya getirmeyi amalayan, societal, zt anl.= unsocial position = 1) konum, durum, hal, location, situation; 2) makam, office; 3) gr, bak as, view, stance undergo = 1) (ameliyat, deiim vs.) geirmek, (tamirat, eitim vs.) grmek, have, go through; 2) (sknt, ac vs.) ekmek, experience; 3) (zorluk, ikence vs.)ye maruz kalmak, be subjected to, be exposed to through time = zaman iinde, zamanla, in time bread = ekmek, geim, (argoda) mangiz, mangr no longer = artk / daha fazla bir durumun olmamas, artk deil, no more, (I no longer trust him. = Artk ona gvenmiyorum.) course = 1) ders, kurs, class; 2) gidiat, sre, progress; 3) yn, rota, route suit = (bir ey ya da birisi)ne gre olmak, uygun gelmek / dmek, be appropriate (for), fit in (to)

ci

exactly = tamamen, tam olarak, tam tamna, btnyle, precisely, accurately, zt anl.= roughly

.c

by the way = aklma gelmiken, bu arada, (By the way, is your house still on sale? = Aklma gelmiken, eviniz hala satlk m?)

om

deal with = 1) (bir ey) ile ilgilenmek, ele almak, get involved in, manage, zt anl.= disregard, ignore; 2) (bir ey)i idare etmek, stesinden gelmek, cope with, tackle, manage

Soru 50 - 52

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

Soru 50 William Hogarth = (1697-1764) yaad dnemin gsterii, yapay ve zentili tavr ve davranlarn oymaclk sanatyla hicveden ngiliz sanat admire = takdir etmek, beenmek, hayran olmak, esteem, zt anl.= look down (on / upon) picture = resim, tablo, fotoraf, (televizyonda vs.) grnt depict = betimlemek, anlatmak, resmetmek, describe, picture vividly = ok canl / gl bir ekilde, clearly, zt anl.= vaguely certainly = kesinlikle, elbette ki, definitely, absolutely, zt anl.= probably exhibition = sergi, display, show Tate Gallery = 1897de Britanya Ulusal Sanat Galerisi adyla kurulan, daha sonra kurucularndan Henry Tatein soyadn alan, ikisi Londrada olmak zere, farkl adreslerdeki drt binada gemiten gnmze sanatn eitli rneklerinin sergilendii mzeler topluluu

solve = 1) zmek, halletmek, figure out, puzzle out, resolve, work out; 2) (eski bir borcu vs.) demek, clear comprehension = 1) anlama, anlay, kavrama, idrak, zt anl.= incomprehension; 2) iine alma, kapsam, inclusion primary school = ilkokul, ilkretim (genellikle 6-8 yl kadar sren temel eitim), elementary school share = paylamak toy = oyuncak

quality = kalite, nitelik, vasf

mind = zihin, akl, akl sahibi kii, (young minds = gen zihinler / beyinler) in other words = baka bir deyi(/m)le, put differently obedient = itaatkar, sz dinleyen, uslu, compliant, zt anl.= disobedient keep = 1) kalmak, tutmak, saklamak, hold, zt anl.= lose, break; 2) (bir ey yapmaya) devam etmek, continue, (keep laughing = glmeye devam etmek); 3) kontrol altnda tutmak, restrain silent = 1) sessiz, grltsz, hareketsiz, suskun, konumayan, quiet, zt anl.= audible, loud; 2) (bir kelime iindeki bir harf iin) okunmayan (rn. comb kelimesi kom eklinde okunur ve bu kelimede b silent harftir) outdoor game = (futbol, voleybol gibi) darda oynanabilecek oyun Soru 52 since = 1) (belli bir zaman ya da olay)dan beri; 2) nk, ...olduundan, ...olduu iin, because, for, as mid-1990s = 1990larn ortalar China = 1) in (1.1 milyarlk nfusu ile dnyann en kalabalk lkesi ve 7.8 trilyon dolarlk ekonomisi ile ABDden sonra dnyann ikinci byk ekonomik gc ve bir ihracat devi), Peoples Republic of China; 2) sadece inde imal edilen ok deerli porselen eya unprecedented = (ei benzeri) grlmemi, emsalsiz, exceptional, zt anl.= usual

satiric = hicivci, yerici, (mecazi anlamda) talamac / talayan painter = ressam, boyac / badanac

apparently = belli ki, grne gre, evidently, obviously

form = 1) olu(tur)mak, tekil etmek, produce, make up; 2) ekil vermek, biimlendirmek, shape

point out = (bir ey)e dikkat ekmek, belirtmek, call attention (to), indicate, bring up

preschool = okul ncesi, (preschool education = okul ncesi eitim) long-term = uzun vadeli / sreli / erimli, zt anl.= short-term effect = etki, sonu, influence, outcome cognitive = bilme / kavrama / idrak ile ilgili

this way = bu ekilde, bu yolla, bu yntemi kullanarak

researcher = aratrmac, aratrma yapan bilim insan, investigator

.b
Soru 51

perhaps = belki, muhtemelen, possibly, probably, zt anl.= certainly, absolutely

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ci

nurture = gelimesine / bymesine yardm etmek, yetitirmek, beslemek, bring up, foster, nourish, sustain

.c

stimulate = uyarmak, tevik etmek, excite, inspire, motivate, spur, zt anl.= discourage

om

Soru 53

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

expansion = genile(t)me, by(t)me, development, growth, zt anl.= contraction huge = ok byk, devasa, muazzam, immense, gigantic, enormous, zt anl.= tiny tract = (uzayp giden, geni) toprak, land, area unsuitable = uygun olmayan, uygunsuz, yersiz, inappropriate, wrong, improper, inapplicable, undesirable, zt anl.= appropriate, suitable either / or = ya (bir ey) ... ya (dier ey) habitation = yerleim, ikamet, iskan, oturma, dwelling dramatic = 1) dramatik, arpc, striking, remarkable, sensational, zt anl.= unexciting; 2) ok yksek miktarda, heavy, zt anl.= mild acceleration = hz arttrma, ivme kazanma, (gittike) hzlanma, zt anl.= deceleration pace = 1) hz, tempo, rate, tempo; 2) adm, step, footstep also = ...de / ...da, ayrca, ek olarak, (bir eye ekleme yaparken) bir de..., (Im cold, and Im also very tired. = dm; bir de ok yoruldum.), additionally, in addition, as well, besides, likewise, too exceptional = olaand, istisnai, unusual, extraordinary, zt anl.= ordinary, (General principles cannot be based on exceptional cases. = stisnalardan hareketle genel prensipler oluturulamaz.) in particular = zellikle, bilhassa, particularly, especially

Soru 53 paint = 1) (genellikle eitli renklerde boya kullanarak) resim / tablo yapmak; 2) (bir evi vs.) boyamak portrait = 1) portre (bir kiinin batan omuzlara kadar izilen resmi); 2) (bir kiinin ya da eyin) fiziksel grnm ve kiilik zelliklerinin szcklerle ifade edilmesi, (That author is best known for his portrait of French country life. = O yazar, en ok Fransz ky yaam tasvir(ler)iyle tannr.) dependable = 1) gvenilir, sznn eri, reliable, honest, zt anl.= undependable; 2) istikrarl, tutarl, dzenli, steady-going profitable = krl, kazanl, rantabl, profit-making artist = sanat, ressam, creative person

.b

suffer from = (bir ey)den zarar grmek, muzdarip olmak, sknt ekmek, sorun yaamak, lose, be hurt by, endure, zt anl.= enjoy, be well

become degraded = ktlemek, (kalitesi vs.) dmek, alalmak, become debased, deteriorate, zt anl.= become aggraded

polluted = kirletilmi, pisletilmi, kirli, contaminated, (Our water supplies are becoming polluted with nitrates disposed of by several industries. = Su kaynaklarmz, eitli sanayi kurulular tarafndan atlan nitratlar nedeniyle kirleniyor.)

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accept = 1) kabul etmek, admit, live with, take, zt anl.= refuse, reject; 2) onaylamak, consent; 3) stlenmek, assume, take over general public = halk, halkn geneli, public helpful = yararl, faydal, useful, beneficial, zt anl.= useless, harmful get to know = biraz tanmak, tanr hale gelmek, tanmaya balamak get to do smt = bir ey olmaya / yapmaya balamak, (After a time, you get to realize that money is not everything. = Bir zaman sonra, insan parann her ey olmadn anlamaya balyor.)

embark on / upon = girimek, balamak, begin, engage in, zt anl.= cease, end hang = 1) (hang-hung-hung) (bir eyi duvara vs.) asmak, (bir yerde) asl durmak; 2) (hang-hanged-hanged) (bir kiiyi) asmak private = zel, hususi, individual, secret, zt anl.= public, (Is your conversation private? = Konumanz zel mi? (yleyse, rahatsz etmeyeyim. anlamnda)) view = 1) dikkatlice incelemek, look at; 2) deerlendirmek, consider, regard; 3) (film vs.) izlemek, watch official = memur (resmi makamlarda ya da banka, gazete gibi, genellikle nemli ve byk kurumlarda alan kii)

ci

make a living = geimini salamak, hayatn kazanmak, earn a living

.c

om

Soru 54 - 56

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

make up = oluturmak, tekil etmek, dzenlemek, hazrlamak, uydurmak, comprise, compose, form, invent, coin exception = istisna, (An exception to the rule. = stisnalar kaideyi bozmaz.) Soru 54 call = 1) ar, davet; 2) (genellikle yksek sesle ve protestolarla dile getirilen) talep, istek, claim, request; 2) (telefon ile) arama / grme; 3) resmi, ksa ziyaret, (We made a call on the newcomers to our building. = Apartmanmza yeni tananlar ziyaret ettik.); 4) (the Call eklinde kullanlr) vahi humanitarian = insani, humanistic, (humanitarian aid = insani yardm) aid = katk, destek, yardm, help, relief, support disaster = felaket, ykm, afet, catastrophe, tragedy natural or otherwise = doal ya da baka sebeplerle / trl available = bulunabilir, ulalabilir, (piyasada) bulunan, (alma / kullanma) hazr, attainable, ready, accessible, usable for = nk, ...olduundan, ...olduu iin, because, as delay = gecikme, ge kalma, tehir, rtar, hold, hold up, postponement, time lag, wait, retardation Soru 55

constant = 1) srekli, devaml, continuous, perpetual, relentless, zt anl.= terminable; 2) sabit, deimez, invariable, unvarying, stable, fixed, zt anl.= variable state of flux = belirsizlik (hali), oynaklk, flux frequent = sk, sk karlalan / tekrarlanan, common, zt anl.= rare

criticism = eletiri, tenkit, knama, yerme, yergi, unfavourable judgement

latter = (iki eyden) ikincisi, sonraki, latest, second, zt anl.= former, previous

philosopher = filozof, felsefeci, bilge kii

.b

real = gerek, hakiki, doru, elle tutulur, gz ard edilemeyecek / edilemez, actual, existent, genuine, substantial, zt anl.= unreal, nominal

physical world = maddi / fiziksel dnya (etrafmzda bulunan, plak gzle grebildiimiz ve dokunabildiimiz her ey) illusion = hayal, kuruntu, yanlsama, fantasy

converse = tersi, aksi, kart ultimately = 1) esasen, asl olarak, primarily, fundamentally; 2) son / nihai olarak, finally, zt anl.= originally function = 1) fonksiyon, ilev; 2) fonksiyon (matematikte, iki deerler kmesi arasndaki ilikiyi tanmlayan argman veya eri) property = 1) (bir madde vs. iin) zellik, nitelik, characteristic, feature; 2) mlkiyet, mal-mlk, belongings

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humanity = insanlk, insanolu, hmanite, human beings, human race, human kind, manhood lofty = gururlu, marur, yksek, tepeden bakan, azametli, alml, proud, grand, high-minded, noble-minded, idealistic idealistic = lkc, idealleri olan / uruna yaayan, idealistik, lofty, high-minded spirit = 1) ruh; 2) anlam; 3) gayret, heves

mind-body dualist = (Soruda, insann hem zihinsel hem de bedensel anlamda bir btn oluturduunu iddia eden dnrlere atfta bulunulmu.) dualist = dualist, ikilik prensibi taraftar (gerein iki temel kart unsurdan olutuu (genellikle zihin ve beden ya da iyi ve kt) doktrinine inanan kii) figure out = dnerek ve hesap yaparak (cevab vs.) ortaya karmak, solve, work out, puzzle out

vice versa = tam tersi, tersi(ne), aksi(ne), br trls (de), tersi (de), the other way round, contrariwise, (Soruda, how the body is connected to the mind ifadesi yerine geen zarf.) Soru 56 Slumdog Millionaire = Milyoner (ynetmenliini Danny Boyleun yapt, 2009 ylnda aday gsterildii 10 Oskar dlnden sekizini kazanan bir film) slum = gecekondu blgesi

ci

rob (of) = yama / talan etmek, elinden almak, almak, yoksun brakmak, take away by force, steal

.c

position = (bir tartmada) aksi / kar gr / dnce, tutum, side, attitude, (Whats the Oppositions position on the opening of the Armenian border? = Muhalefetin, Ermenistan snrnn almasyla ilgili (kar) gr nedir?)

om

Soru 56

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

winning = 1) (mutlaka bir isimle birlikte kullanlr) kazanan, galip, muzaffer, victorious, (the winning team = kazanan takm); 2) ekici, taking, very attractive, (a winning smile = ekici bir gl) it (the film) is viewed in a very different light = film farkl bir bak asyla deerlendiriliyor, filme farkl baklyor harshly =serte, sert bir ekilde, iddetle, severely, sharply, zt anl.= softly, leniently criticize = eletirmek, tenkit etmek, knamak, yermek, pick apart, knock, judge unfavourably, zt anl.= praise present = 1) tantmak, sunmak, takdim etmek, ortaya koymak, introduce, demonstrate, manifest; 2) sergilemek, gstermek, ibraz etmek, reveal, illustrate, exhibit, zt anl.= conceal, cover, hide urban = kentsel, kentle ilgili, ehirlerde oturan, zt anl.= rural, (Crime rate is usually higher in urban areas than rural areas. = Su oran kentsel blgelerde, tarada olduundan genellikle daha yksektir.) director = ynetmen, direktr, manager

cartographical = haritaclkla ilgili, katografik data = veri, bilgi, information remain = deimeden kalmak, durumunu korumak, stay, zt anl.= vary

Greeks = Yunanllar, (Metinde, antik dnemde yaam olan Yunanllara atfta bulunulmu.)

Romans = Romallar, (Metinde, antik dnemde yaam olan Romallara atfta bulunulmu.)

element = unsur, eleman, (kimyada) element, component, constituent, factor, ingredient

determined = kararl, azimli, decisive, persistent, zt anl.= irresolute, hesitating

catch = 1) filme ekmek, shoot; 2) yakalamak, bulmak, ortaya karmak, discover; 3) (hastalk vs.) kapmak, (hastala) yakalanmak, contract; 4) anlamn kavramak / anlamak, apprehend; 5) ele geirmek, capture

.b

exhilarating = uyarc, canlandrc, enerji ve / veya mutluluk veren, stimulating, thrilling, (the exhilarating efffect of mountain air = da havasnn canlandrc etkisi) title = 1) (bir filmin, makalenin, sanat eserinin vs.) ismi / bal; 2) unvan, title of respect further = 1) daha da, ayrca, daha te(y/d)e, daha fazla, (mevcut olana) ek / ilave, more; 2) baka, some more, other

offence = 1) krc / gcendirici (sz, tavr vs.), hakaret, discourtesy, (Your words may cause offence to some people. = Szleriniz baz kiileri incitebilir.); 2) su, crime, violation 57. 60. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)

wealth = zenginlik, servet, varlk, zt anl.= poverty geographical = corafi, corafya bilimi ile ilgili, corafi koullara bal olarak gelien

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practical = pratik, kullanl, elverili, uygulamaya ynelik, practicable, feasible, zt anl.= impractical, theoretical need = ihtiya, gereksinim, want, demand practical needs = (Metinde, Romallarn, kalc bilimsel (teorik) calmalar yerine, gndelik / acil / temel ihtiyalarn n planda tuttuklarna atfta bulunulmu.) virtually = neredeyse (tamamen), hemen hemen, nearly, actually

abandon = brakmak, terk etmek, vazgemek, rafa kaldrmak, discontinue, stop, zt anl.= pursue, carry on cosmography = kozmografi (dnya da dahil olmak zere, evrenin genel zelliklerini inceleyen bilim dal)

mathematical geography = matematiksel corafya, jeomatik (toporafya, uzaktan alglama, Corafi Enformasyon Sistemleri (GIS), Kresel Navigasyon Uydu Sistemleri (GPS), fotogrametri ve benzeri haritaclk teknikleri ve aralarndan bir btn olarak yararlanan ve dnya corafyasn buna gre inceleyen ada bir disiplin), geomatics prefer = tercih etmek, choose, favour, opt devote to = (bir ey)e adamak / ayrmak, dedicate maximum = en ok, en fazla, azami, maximal, zt anl.= minimum effort = aba, gayret, hard work land survey = kadastro, arazi haritacl

ci

essentially = temelde, aslnda, esas itibariyle, primarily, fundamentally, actually

.c

be interested in = (bir ey) ile ilgilenmek, ilgili olmak, (bir ey)e ilgi duymak

om

Eastern world = Dou lkeleri, (in, Japonya, Kore gibi douda yer alan lkeler), East

Soru 57 - 58

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

survey = anket, inceleme, genel bak, inquiry, scrutiny, scan, review carry out = yapmak, uygulamak, gerekletirmek, yerine getirmek, accomplish, fulfil, implement, perform, conduct, (The experiments were carried out by Dr. Preston. = Deneyler Dr. Preston tarafndan gerekletirildi.) specialized = uzmanlam, uzman, (alet vs. iin) belli bir amaca ynelik olarak retilmi, zel, hususi, zt anl.= unspecialized military = askeri, zt anl.= civilian, unmilitary corps = (oul kullanlr) genellikle iki ya da daha fazla blkten oluan askeri birlik land surveyor = kadastrocu, arazi haritacs surveyor = srveyan, kontrol ve tetkik yapan mhendis / kii topographical = topografik, topografya (bilimi) ile ilgili topography = topografya (bir blgenin yzey zelliklerini ayrntl bir biimde inceleyen bilim dal)

feature = 1) zellik, ayrc / belirgin nitelik, property, characteristic, element; 2) (bir toprak paras ya da harita zerindeki yol, tmsek gibi) iaret; 3) (seyir iin ekilen) film use = yarar, fayda, kullanm, function, role, purpose

traveller = gezgin, seyahat eden kii Soru 57

information = bilgi, enformasyon, data, info passage = pasaj, para, paragraf, geit

scarcity = ktlk, az bulunma, deficiency, inadequacy, zt anl.= abundance earlier = daha nce(ki), nceleri, nceden, before, in the beginning, in the first place, zt anl.= later lead to = (bir ey)e yol amak, neden olmak, cause concentrate on = (bir ey)e odakla(n)mak / younla(tr)mak, focus on aspect = a, yn, bakm, grn, feature, facet, perspective, view, side geography = corafya (ikilim, toprak, bitki rts ve insan yerleimi asndan dnya yzeyini inceleyen bilim dal)

on-the-spot = (yaplan bir inceleme vs. iin) yerinde / meydana geldii yerde, on-the-scene reconnaissance = (askeri veya bilimsel amal) keif, istihbarat toplama city = ehir, kent, metropolis, urban centre

formulate = 1) formlize etmek, forml halinde ifade etmek; 2) ak ekilde ortaya koymak; 3) dzenlemek, prepare

publication = yayn, basl metin, yaynclk, neriyat, issue

.b

itineraria scriptia = (Lat.) bir tr gezi / yolcu rehberi, travel guide book, travel plan

respect = yn, a, (in many respects = birok bakmdan) guide = rehber, klavuz, yol gsteren, guidebook, pathfinder itineraria picta = (Lat.) bir tr yol haritas, road map

similar (to) = yakn, benzer, akin (to), alike, zt anl.= different

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introduce = 1) balatmak, initiate, institute; 2) ortaya koymak, tantmak, present pre-Roman = Roma (devri) ncesi interest = 1) ilgi, alaka, yaknlk, ilgi alan, involvement, pastime; 2) faiz, kar, menfaat, kar grubu, stake, interest group

inspire = 1) ilham vermek, esin kayna oluturmak, tevik etmek, encourage, stimulate; 2) telkin etmek, telkinde bulunmak, duygu alamak ignore = gz ard etmek, aldrmamak, bo vermek, grmezden gelmek, disregard, overlook, zt anl.= care for, notice cultural = kltrel, ethnic Soru 58 according to = (bir kii ya da ey)e gre great = ok iyi, byk, ok fazla, muhteem, mkemmel, enormous, immense, large, keen, zealous, zt anl.= slight

kind = tr, eit, tip, biim, form, sort, variety

road = yol, ose, geit, demiryolu, route map = harita, plan, izim stress = vurgulamak, altn izmek, ne karmak, emphasise, underline, accentuate

ci

.c

om

be of use to smo = birinin yararna olmak, (The treatment was of no use to the patient. = Tedavinin hastaya hibir yarar olmad.)

Soru 59 - 60

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

the Romans were great travellers = Romallar seyahati ok severlerdi / oka seyahat ederlerdi love = sevmek, holanmak, ok beenmek, be in love with, enjoy, get pleasure from, zt anl.= hate explore = (keif iin) dolamak, aratrmak, incelemek, search, examine unknown = bilinmeyen, mehul, unidentified, zt anl.= known greatly = byk oranda, enormously, immensely, zt anl.= slightly admire = takdir etmek, beenmek, hayran olmak, esteem, zt anl.= look down (on / upon) mathematician = matematiki, matematik bilimi ile uraan kii the East = dou lkeleri produce = retmek, generate, make extremely = ar ekilde, ok, maximally, zt anl.= mildly, moderately detailed = ayrntl, detayl, elaborate, elaborated large = byk, geni, big, great, zt anl.= small

one = (D seeneinde way of life yerine kullanlm olan zamir.) sense of community = birliktelik duygusu shared aim = ortak ama / gaye / lk

main = ana, temel, birincil, primary, principle, zt anl.= secondary, subordinate idea = 1) fikir, dnce, gr, thought; 2) tahmin, estimate; 3) mantk, ama, (The idea of chess is to checkmate your opponent. = Satran oyununda ama, rakibi mat etmektir.) get (from) = karmak, almak, edinmek, obtain benefit = yarar, fayda, avantaj, advantage, use, zt anl.= harm, loss army = ordu

Greece = Yunanistan, (B seeneinde, antik dnem Grek Medeniyetine atfta bulunulmu.) far greater = ok daha byk / fazla civilization = uygarlk, medeniyet, culture greater contribution than ever the Romans did = Romallarn gelmi gemi btn katklarndan daha fazla though = ramen, karn, ...olsa bile, although, even though, despite the fact that make use of = kullanmak, yararlanmak, utilise, benefit from, zt anl.= make no use of own = kendi, (This is my own house. = Bu benim kendi evim.)

country = 1) lke, land; 2) belli snrlara sahip olmayan, ancak corafi, kltrel vs. alardan belirli bir blge, area

point of view = bak / gr as, stand, standpoint, viewpoint theoretical = teorik, kitabi (bir konunun pratik uygulamalarndan ok onun teorisi ile ilgilenen), theoretic, zt anl.= practical

.b
Soru 59

finding = bulgu

carefully = dikkatli / titiz bir ekilde, cautiously, zt anl.= carelessly record = kaydetmek, kayda geirmek, put down, tape, register, zt anl.= erase

scholarly = bilimsel, akademik, zt anl.= unscholarly as little as possible = olabildiince az / kk

as = nk, zira, because, since

dangerous = tehlikeli, hazardous, zt anl.= safe, secure do so = (C seeneinde travel eylemi yerine gemi olan ifade.) way of life = yaam biimi, hayat tarz

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actual = gerek anlamda, gerek, asl, hakiki, real, genuine, literal investigation = aratrma, soruturma, tefti, inceleme, inspection, examination valuable = deerli, kymetli, worthful, zt anl.= worthless more valuable than any amount of theoretical supposition = her tr teorik varsaymdan ok daha kymetli, (D seeneinde, corafi blgelerin bizzat yerinde incelenmesinin, her tr varsaymdan / tahminden daha deerli bilgilerin edinilmesini salayacana atfta bulunulmu.) amount = miktar, quantity, sum, total supposition = varsaym, tahmin, assumption, hypothesis, speculation

ci

.c

om

Soru 60

Soru 60

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

progress = ilerleme, gelime, advancement, development, zt anl.= regress underrate = hafife almak, kmsemek, yeterince deer vermemek, underestimate 61. 64. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) feat = yaplmas g ve cesaret isteyen ey, baar, exploit, deed civil engineering = inaat mhendislii French = 1) Fransa ile ilgili; 2) Franszca canal = kanal (gemilerin gemesi ya da sulama amacyla kullanlan doal ya da yapay geit) link to / with = (bir ey) ile / (bir ey)e bala(n)mak, balant kurmak, birletirmek, connect to / with, combine with, zt anl.= separate from, detach from Mediterranean Sea = Akdeniz Atlantic Ocean = Atlantik Okyanusu (Atlas Okyanusu olarak da bilinen, Avrupa ve Afrikay Amerikadan ayran, Byk Okyanustan sonraki en byk ikinci okyanus) conceive = 1) tasarlamak, dnmek, anlamak, kavramak, alglamak, devise, think, consider, (He conceived of a robot that would help paralysed patients. = Felli hastalara yardmc olabilecek bir robot tasarlam.), (Not very many people can conceive the works of modern art. = Modern sanat eserlerini anlayabilen pek fazla insan yoktur.); 2) gebe kalmak, get pregnant

religious = dini, dinsel, dindar disorder = 1) dzensizlik, kargaa, trouble, chaos, turmoil, confusion, mess, zt anl.= order; 2) bozukluk, hastalk, illness, ailment, zt anl.= health civil disorder = halk hareketleri, bakaldr, halk arasnda itaatsizlik

France = Fransa (Avrupann en byk lkesi; G8 lkelerinden biri) however = oysaki, halbuki, buna ramen, yine de, bununla birlikte, nevertheless, even so, yet

.b

King Francis I = Kral I Francis (1494 1547), (1515te ta giyip lmne kadar tahtta kalan, Fransada kltrel anlamda ok nemli gelimelerin yaand Rnesans dneminin ilk yllarnda hkm sren, Kanuni Sultan Sleyman ve ngiltere Kral VIII Henrynin ada olan Fransz kral) discuss = (bir konuyu) ele almak, grmek, tartmak, talk about / over

Leonardo da Vinci = (1452-1519), talyan Rnesansnn resim, heykel, mhendislik, bilim ve mimarlkta yetitirdii ok ynl bir deha survey = inceleme / aratrma yapmak, ett etmek, examine, observe as a result of = (bir ey)e bal olarak, nedeniyle, owing to, due to civil = sivil, halkla / vatandalkla ilgili, medeni, (civil code = medeni kanun), (civil defence = sivil savunma); 2) bir lkenin iinde meydana gelen, (civil war = i sava)

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scheme = proje, dzen, tertip, hareket plan, strategy, (If one scheme of happiness fails, human nature turns to another. = Eer bir mutluluk plan baarszla urarsa, insan doas bir baka plana ynelir.)

supply = salamak, bulmak, temin etmek, tedarik etmek, provide (with), render, zt anl.= withhold

enough = yeter(li), yeterince, adequate, sufficient, zt anl.= inadequate, insufficient

summit = zirve, doruk (noktas), en st seviye, en yksek dzey, peak, zenith, maximum Jean Colbert = Jean-Baptiste Colbert (1619 - 1683), (Fransa Maliye Bakan olarak grev yapan, Fransa ekonomisini iflastan kurtaran abalar ile tannan, merkantilizmin nemli kiilerinden biri) secure = gvence altna almak, ele geirmek, salamak, ensure secure the interest of smo = bir kiinin (bir ile) ilgilenmesini salamak, bir kiinin ilgisini ekmek King Louis XIV = XIV Lui (1638 - 1715), (5 yanda tahta oturan ve lmne kadar 72 yl tahtta kalarak nemli bir rekora imza atan, iktidar dneminde Fransann, Avrupann en gl lkesi konumuna geldii, Moliere ve La Fontaine gibi nemli edebiyatlarn ve sanatlarn yetitii Fransa kral) lock = kilitleme havuzu (bir kanaln, bir ya da birden fazla blmesinde su seviyesini alaltmak veya ykseltmek suretiyle gemilerin geiini (deniz seviyesinin stne kmasn ya da altna inmesini) salayan havuz / kapal alan)

ci

work out = 1) (plan, proje vs.) planlamak, baarmak, iyi sonulandrmak, (bir sorunu) zmek, (uraarak) ortaya karmak, accomplish, solve, zt anl.= fail, miss; 2) (hesaplayarak) bulmak, calculate

.c

happen = olmak, meydana gelmek, (bir plan, rya vs. iin) gerek olmak, gereklemek, occur, take place, materialise

om

Soru 61 - 63

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

tunnel = tnel (yeraltndan ya da bir dan / tepenin iinden ara vs. gemesine izin veren st kapal geit) aqueduct = su kemeri / tneli / bendi evoke = (bir duygu) uyandrmak, aklna getirmek, artrmak, recall, stimulate world admiration = dnya apnda ilgi / takdir admiration = takdir, beeni, appreciation, esteem prototype = prototip, ilk rnek, model future = gelecek(teki), ilerdeki, daha sonraki, later, next, succeeding, zt anl.= past, present European = Avrupa(l), Avrupadaki grand = byk, grkemli, ulu, majestic, impressive design = dizayn, tasarm, plan, pattern even though = ...olsa bile, ramen, karn, although, though, despite the fact that usefulness = yarar, fayda, kullanllk, pratiklik, utility, zt anl.= uselessness

opposed to = kar, aleyhinde, against, zt anl.= in favour of by the time = ...olana kadar, ...olduunda finish = bit(ir)mek, sona er(dir)mek, sonu gelmek, tamamla(n)mak, cease, complete, end, terminate, stop, zt anl.= start, begin remarkable = dikkate deer, olaanst, notable, extraordinary, zt anl.= ordinary Soru 62

upkeep = bakm, muhafaza, idame, maintenance

quickly = hzla, abuk, abucak, acele(yle), bir anda, rapidly, speedily, zt anl.= slowly nullify = geersiz olmak / kalmak, geerliliini / nemini yitirmek, boa kmak

rapidly = hzla, abucak, quickly, fast, zt anl.= slowly increasing = artan, artta olan, zt anl.= decreasing size = hacim, byklk, l

.b
Soru 61

ocean-going ship = okyanusta seyahat edebilen / okyanusu geebilen gemi

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increase in size = hacim olarak bymek, hacmi artmak

decline = azalmak, dmek, gerilemek, kmek, drop, decay, deteriorate, zt anl.= increase, progress, recover ill-chosen = yanl / kt seilmi many = ok, birok, pek ok, fazla / ok sayda, bir sr, a lot of, zt anl.= (a) few support = desteklemek, arka kmak, back, defend, endorse Soru 63

scope = 1) kapsam, saha, alan, faaliyet alan, range, extent; 2) frsat, olanak

understand = 1) anlamak, kavramak, alglamak, realize; 2) karmda bulunmak, infer; 3) anlay gstermek, anlayla karlamak, empathize, sympathize construction = inaat, yap

re-assess = yeniden / tekrar deerlendirmek / gzden geirmek, reevaluate better = daha iyi / gzel system = sistem, dizge, organization, arrangement put forward = 1) nermek, ne karmak, ileri srmek, fikir ortaya atmak, assert, propose; 2) (tarihi, saati vs.) ileri almak emerge = kmak, meydana kmak, appear, arise, come forth, zt anl.= disappear, fade other = dier, baka, teki, zt anl.= same part = ksm, para, blm, division, piece, portion, share soon = yaknda, ksa zamanda / zaman sonra, az sonra, yakn gelecekte, before long, presently, shortly

was no more than a project = proje olmaktan ileri gidemedi / olarak kald

earliest = ilk, en erken, birinci, en nceki, zt anl.= latest proposal = neri, teklif, evlenme teklifi, suggestion

date back to = (belli bir yl vs.)ye tarihlenmek, tarihine uzanmak, date from, date to, be dated to at least = en azndan, at any rate, zt anl.= at most

ci

build = 1) ina etmek, yapmak, construct, establish, make, progress, zt anl.= demolish, pull down; 2) (n, hret, gven vs.) kazanmak; 3) (savunma vs.) oluturmak, kurmak, tesis etmek

.c

expensive = pahal, maliyetli, costly, zt anl.= cheap, inexpensive

om

Soru 64

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

change = dei(tir)mek, farklla(tr)mak, alter, modify, vary, shift, transfer whole = (bir birimin) btn, btn, tamam, zt anl.= fractional fill = doldurmak, make full, zt anl.= empty Soru 64 make it obvious that = aka / aklkla belirtmektedir ki... himself = (kendi) kendi(si)n(i/e), (He injured himself. = Kendi kendisini yaralam.), (My father talks to himself when he is alone. = Babam yalnzken kendi kendisine konuur.) usefully = yararl / faydal bir ekilde, zt anl.= uselessly possible = mmkn, olanakl, olas, imkan dahilinde, conceivable, imaginable, zt anl.= impossible pose a great many challenges = birok zorluk karmak / iermek pose = oluturmak, iermek, present

polish = 1) cilalamak, parlatmak, shine; 2) inceltmek, stnden gemek, dzeltmek, rafine hale getirmek, refine, brush up, (The report needs polishing. = Raporun stnden geilmesi gerek.) mark = 1) gstermek, iaret etmek, ortaya karmak, point out, show; 2) iaretlemek, iaret koymak Mesolithic Age = Mezolitik Devir / a (gnmzden yaklak 15.000 yl nce Ta Devrinin ortalarnda yaanan dnem)

Neolithic Age = Neolitik Devir / a (Orta Douda M. . yaklak 10.000 ylnda balayan, Ta Devrinin en son dnemi)

settle = 1) (bir yere) yerle(tir)mek, iskn etmek, dwell, inhabit; 2) halletmek, zmek, karara varmak / balamak, conclude, resolve Middle East = Orta Dou commonly = yaygn bir ekilde / olarak, ounlukla, usually, zt anl.= rarely, seldom believe = inanmak, sanmak, gvenmek, (olarak) grmek / deerlendirmek, emin olmak, conceive, consider, feel, think, trust, zt anl.= disbelieve receptacle = kap, hazne, container, holder

challenge = (insana meydan okuyan trden) zorluk, baarlmas zor i, (Mount Everest presented a challenge to Hillary. = Everest Tepesi, Hillary iin kendisine meydan okuyan zor bir hedefti.), (To build a bridge in one day was a real challenge. = Bir gnde kpr ina etmek baarlmas zor bir iti.) suggest = 1) ileri / ne srmek, nermek, advise, propose, offer; 2) izlenimini brakmak, hissini vermek, akla getirmek, indicate, imply

.b

show = gstermek, tehir etmek, (ac, sevin vs. bir duygu iin) yzne yansmak, demonstrate, reveal, present, zt anl.= hide project = plan, tasar

make (smt) possible = (bir eyi) mmkn klmak, olanakl hale getirmek, allow, enable, zt anl.= disable

65. 68. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)

pottery = mlekilik presence = varlk, ortaya kma, zt anl.= absence

rather than = (bir ey)den ok / ziyade polished stone = cilal ta

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copy = kopyalamak, taklit etmek, imitate, re-create, replicate, simulate those = (Metinde receptacles yerine kullanlm olan zamir.) material = 1) materyal, malzeme, madde, stuff; 2) kuma, cloth, fabric, textile such as = gibi, like gourd = kabak kabuundan yaplm su kab, sukaba basket = 1) sepet; 2) basket potas, baketbol oyununda kazanlan say fingerprint = parmak izi deduce from / that = (bir ey)den (bir ey) anlamak, (anlam) karmak, karsamak, infer from / that, realize that principally = byk ounlukla, esas olarak, mainly, chiefly

ci

people = (oul: peoples) halk

.c

agricultural = 1) zirai, tarmsal; 2) geimini tarmla salayan, farming, (an agricultural society = tarm toplumu)

om

Soru 65 - 66

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

woman = (oul: women) 1) kadn; 2) temizliki originally = ilk bata / balarda, balangta, in the beginning decoration = 1) dekorasyon, ssleme, ornamentation; 2) madalyon, madalya, medal indent = (ss vs.i bir malzemenin) iine (bastrarak / presleyerek) ilemek, entik atmak that is = yani, demek isteniyor ki..., yle ki, bu demek ki, pattern = patern, kalp, model, blueprint, design, figure, model press = bastrmak, bask yapmak, preslemek, compact, compress, push soft = yumuak, hafif, nazik, narin, kolay, mild, lenient, gentle, zt anl.= hard, hardened clay = kil, amur, mud remain so = yle kalmak (son hali neyse o ekilde) kalmak, deimemek period = dnem, devir

supreme = ok byk, (en) yksek, (en) yksek derecede, son, hakim, sovereign importance = nem, significance, zt anl.= unimportance Soru 65 production = retim, yapm, imalat, product, output, yield give rise to = (bir ey)e yol amak / neden olmak, meydana getirmek, lead to, bring about, produce, zt anl.= eradicate, destroy

perfection = eksiksiz / kusursuz olma hali, kusursuzluk, tamlk, mkemmeliyet, flawlessness, zt anl.= imperfection indistinguishable = ayrt edilemez, seilemez, identical, undistinguishable, zt anl.= distinguishable

until = (belli bir tarihe ya da olay)a kadar, till situation = durum, vaziyet, state of affairs

new situations = yeni gelimeler / deiiklikler

as = olarak, (I work here as a telephone operator. = Burada santral memuru olarak alyorum.) widespread = yaygn, extensive, prevalent, zt anl.= limited, rare, (There is a widespread belief that the newspapers had invented the story. = Gazetelerin, hikayeyi uydurduu ynnde yaygn bir inan var.) culture = kltr, ekin, medeniyet, acculturation, civilaziton

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that = (C seeneinde the pottery yerine gemi olan zamir.) trace = iz, belirti, hint, shadow largely = byk lde, greatly, mostly be characterized by = (bir ey) ile karakterize olmak / tannmak / (dierlerinden) ayrlmak Soru 66

.b

during = esnasnda, srasnda along = boyunca, yan sra, ileri, ileriye doru, sresince, by, on

permanently = kalc, daimi, srekli olarak, for good, zt anl.= temporarily, (He was permanently disabled after the accident. = Kazadan sonra kalc olarak sakatland.) bear = (bear-bore-born(e)) 1) tamak, zerinde bulundurmak, sahip olmak, have, carry, (The baby bears a strong resemblance to its grandfather. = Bebek ile dedesi arasnda byk bir benzerlik var.); 2) katlanmak, kaldrmak, put up with; 3) dourmak, (meyve) vermek; 4) (sorumluluk vs. iin) zerine almak, have, assume shape = ekil, biim, configuration, figure, form

coloured = 1) renkli, renklendirilmi, boyanm, colourful; 2) taraf tutan, biased, one-sided stone = 1) ta; 2) (elmas vb.) kymetli ta, precious stone frequently = oka, sk sk, often, zt anl.= seldom collect = toplamak, biriktirmek, gather, amass, accumulate, compile, zt anl.= distribute, dispense, disperse, spread recognize = tanmak, kabul etmek, farknda olmak, farkna varmak, acknowledge, discern, realize container = her tr kap, muhafaza, sarn, tank, (gemilerle yk tamak iin kullanlan) konteyner

character = 1) zellik, quality; 2) karakter, kiilik; 3) (bir oyuncu iin) rol, role, part

ci

technical = teknik; hner, beceri ve bilgi isteyen, zt anl.= nontechnical

.c

achieve = ulamak, erimek, baarmak, (zorlu bir uratan sonra) elde etmek, kazanmak, attain, accomplish, zt anl.= fail, lose, quit

om

Soru 67 - 68

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

carry = tamak, bulundurmak, (iinde) barndrmak / olmak, yaylmak, (Sound carries well over water. = Ses su stnde iyi yaylr.), contain, hold, bear, conduct give way to = (bir ey)in nn / yolunu amak, (bir ey)e yol amak indentation = (ss vs.i ieren bir kalb, bir malzemenin) iine (bastrarak / presleyerek) ileme, entik pottery making = mlekilik, mlek imalatl Soru 67 early examples of pottery = erken dnem / ilk mlek rnekleri intend = niyet etmek, tasarlamak, amalamak, planlamak, aim, plan hold = 1) tamak; 2) (elinde) tutmak, sahip olmak; 3) (bir gr / inan) sahibi olmak, maintain; 4) yle kabul etmek, regard; 5) (toplant vs.) dzenlemek liquid = likit, sv

the very first artefact ever to be made by man = insanolunun yapt ilk obje, (Very zarf cmle iinde pekitirici olarak kullanlmtr.) 69. 72. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler) Charlie Chaplin = Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, Jr. (1889 - 1977), (sessiz sinemadan balayarak, 65 yl sren ok uzun soluklu ve baarlarla dolu sanat yaamyla sinema tarihinin kilometre talarndan biri olmu, United Artists Film irketinin kurucularndan, City Lights ve Modern Times gibi ok beenilen birok filmin yapmcln ve oyunculuunu stlenmi, Oskar dll (1972) ve Sir nvanl komedyen) be born = domak, zt anl.= die Britain = Britanya (ngiltere, skoya, Galler ve Kuzey rlandadan oluan kraliyet), United Kingdom spend = (vakit vs.) geirmek, (para, vakit vs.) harcamak pivotal = asl, esas, ok nemli, birinci derecede nem ve etkisi olan, crucial, vital especially = zellikle, zel olarak, particularly, in particular, specifically, zt anl.= generally, in general be remembered for = (bir eyi) ile hatrlanmak, (Jeanne Darc is remembered for her bravery. = Jeanne Darc cesareti ile hatrlanr.) silent movie = sessiz film scene = sahne, manzara, (Metinde scene kelimesi ile btn bir filme atfta bulunulmu.) simply = 1) sadece, basite, basit / sade bir ekilde, sadelikle, only, merely, just; 2) tek kelimeyle, (I am simply broke. = Tek kelimeyle meteliksizim.) starring actor = barol oyuncusu unity = birlik(telik), btnlk, oneness, integrity, wholeness personally = ahsen, bizzat, kiisel olarak, in person, zt anl.= impersonal get involved in = (bir olay) ile ilgilenmek, (bir olay)a karmak, get pulled in stage = 1) sahne (film ya da tiyatro oyununun blmlerinden her biri); 2) aama, safha, merhale, level, point, degree star = barol oynamak, (bir gsterinin vs.) yldz olmak

almost = neredeyse, hemen hemen, nearly, virtually invariably = deimez / amaz bir ekilde, her zaman, always, ever, constantly, zt anl.= never, rarely, (Incompetents invariably make trouble for people. = Beceriksizler her zaman dier insanlarn bana bela olurlar.)

serve no practical purpose = pratik anlamda hibir ie yaramamak purpose = ama, gaye, hedef, aim, function, use

artistic = artistik, sanatsal, gze hitap eden, aesthetic, pleasing beauty = gzellik, gzel kz / kadn, avantaj

maker = 1) (bir eyi) imal eden / reten / yapan kii; 2) (Maker) Allah, Yaradan preserve = korumak, saklamak, maintain, conserve, secure durable = dayankl, salam, sturdy, long-lasting, zt anl.= fragile

as is pointed out in the passage = metinde iaret edildii / gsterildii / dikkat ekildii zere

.b
Soru 68

those = (D seeneinde the shapes yerine kullanlm olan zamir.)

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ci

.c

om

Soru 69

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

edit = redaksiyon yapmak, inceleyerek kk deiiklikler yapmak, edite etmek, alter, modify compose = 1) bestelemek, write; 2) bir araya getirmek, compile, zt anl.= decompose uncommon = yaygn olmayan, seyrek, duyulmam, ei grlmemi, rare, zt anl.= common decide = karar vermek, etkilemek, karar vermesine yol amak, determine, make up ones mind, resolve, settle half-way through = yar yolda, (bir eyin) yarsnda actor = aktr, erkek oyuncu, (role) player suitable = uygun, yerinde, mnasip, appropriate, proper, zt anl.= inappropriate, unsuitable start over = sil batan yapmak, tekrar batan balamak, begin again attention = dikkat, ilgi, zt anl.= inattention detail = ayrnt, detay, item, particular run many features overtime and over-budget = birok filmin gecikmesine ve btesini amasna yol amak overtime = 1) fazla mesai; 2) (bir ma vs. iin) uzatma; 3) (vakit asndan) gecikme, sarkma; 4) (fotoraflkta) ar pozlanma

script = senaryo basic framework of a script = bir senaryonun ok temel / basit anahatlar on consideration = zerinde dnldnde, (dikkatle) deerlendirildiinde

art = sanat, ustalk, prowess

over-budget = (nceden belirlenmi bir) bteyi aan

reaction = tepki, reaksiyon, (vcudun bir ilaca vs. verdii) cevap, response

studio = 1) film irketi, stdyo; 2) (resim vs. sanatnn icra edildii ya da retildii) atlye; 3) (genellikle bir odal) kk apartman dairesi work = ie yaramak, ilemek, almak, (Our plan didnt work. = Bizim plan ie yaramad.)

.b

assure = gvence vermek, garanti etmek, temin etmek, certify, guarantee

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rooted = yerlemi, yer etmi, kkl, kk salm, temelli, esasl

his art turned out to be firmly rooted = sanatsal baarsnn geici olmad anlald for example = mesela, rnein, szgelimi, for instance draw = 1) almak, elde etmek, extract; 2) (izgi, ekil vs.) izmek; 3) ekmek, pull, zt anl.= push, repel

strength = g, dayankllk, power, zt anl.= weakness fusion = birle(tir)me, kayna(tr)ma, fzyon, unification, merger, coalition Soru 69 success = baar, baarl kimse, zt anl.= failure due to = nedeniyle, yznden, because of, owing to acting = oyunculuk, rol yapma ability = yetenek, kabiliyet, beceri, capability, capacity, zt anl.= inadequacy, limitation to exercise control on every aspect of a film = bir filmi oluturan her bir unsura / aamaya hakim olmak / her bir unsur / aama zerinde sz sahibi olmak exercise = 1) uygulamak, tatbik etmek, exert; 2) vcut hareketi / egzersiz yapmak, work out prepare = dzenlemek, hazrlamak, tertip / tanzim etmek, get (smt) ready

typically = tipik / karakteristik olarak, genellikle, characteristically improvise = doalama yapmak, birdenbire aresini bulmak in front of = (bir kimse ya da ey)in nnde, ahead of, before camera = kamera, fotoraf makinesi framework = iskelet, ereve, anahat, at

ci

firmly = salam / gl bir ekilde, kararllkla, dn vermez biimde, skca, tightly, strongly, zt anl.= loosely, (Our government is firmly committed to eradicating malaria. = Hkmetimiz, kendisini kararllkla stmay yok etmeye adamtr.)

.c

turn out (that) / (to be) = (bir ey olduu) ortaya kmak, prove to be, (At first he seemed to be an honest person. But then he turned out to be a great liar. = nceleri drst birisi gibi grnyordu ama sonra byk bir yalanc olduu ortaya kt.)

om

consideration = ilgi, dnce, zen, solicitude, zt anl.= unconcern, disregard

Soru 70 - 72

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

professional = profesyonel, (bir konuda) ehliyetli, master, zt anl.= amateur, nonprofessional Soru 70 the passage makes it quite clear that = paragrafta aka belirtilmektedir ki... career = kariyer, meslek, calling, vocation turn to = 1) baka (bir ey) yapmaya balamak; 2) (birisi)ne bavurmak, (birisi)nin yardmn istemek, invoke, refer to, resort to instead = yerine, onun yerine..., (Dont buy the red shirt; buy the blue one instead. = Krmz gmlei alma; onun yerine mavisini al.) major = 1) nde / ileri gelen, prominent, outstanding; 2) geni / byk apl, byk, balca, asl, chief, primary, great, zt anl.= minor, unimportant, little eager = istekli, gnll, willing, keen, ready, zt anl.= reluctant, unwilling please = 1) memnun / mutlu / tatmin etmek, sevindirmek, delight, zt anl.= displease; 2) arzu etmek, (Do as you please. = Nasl isterseniz yle yapn / davrann.)

content = honut, memnun, mutlu, satisfied, zt anl.= discontent(ed), dissatisfied feel = inanmak, sanmak, hissetmek, (ac vs.) duymak guarantee = garanti altnda olmak, garanti etmek / vermek, gvence / teminat vermek, assure, ensure, secure, warrant Soru 72

as a whole = bir btn / genel olarak

factor = faktr, etmen, etken, unsur, element, component, constituent

difference = fark, farkllk, deiiklik, deiim, deviation, divergence, zt anl.= sameness then and now = dn ve bugn, o zaman ve imdi go into = (bir eyin olmas) iin gerekmek / kullanlmak / harcanmak, (A lot of energy went into the organization of this banquet. = Bu ziyafetin organize edilmesi iin ok byk emek harcand.) making of a star = bir yldz yaratmak 73. 76. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)

appeal to = (birisi)ne hitap etmek / ekici gelmek, (birisi)nin houna gitmek, attract, charm, zt anl.= repel

audience = dinleyiciler, izleyiciler, hazr bulunanlar Soru 71

take in = kandrmak, aldatmak, fool, put on

.b

charm = karizma, cazibe, ekicilik, sihir, by, tlsm

let = (let-let-let) izin vermek, brakmak, allow, permit, zt anl.= prevent

let one have ones own way all the time = birisinin hep kendi yolundan gitmesine / ileri kendi bildii gibi halletmesine izin vermek play a leading role = nemli / baat bir rol oynamak

leading = nde / (en) bata / ileri gelen, balca, outstanding, zt anl.= secondary

interfere with = mdahale etmek, mani olmak, (bir ey) ile atmak, engellemek, hinder, prevent, intervene in, step in, zt anl.= facilitate, (Child-bearing should not interfere with a career, but it usually does. = Hamilelik, kariyere mani olmamaldr, ama genellikle olur.) tight budget = snrl bte

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influence = etki, tesir, nfuz style = stil, slup, biim, fashion, manner, trend, way

furniture = mobilya that = (Metinde, the influence yerine kullanlm olan zamir.) family = aile, familya, household, class, category creation = retim, imal etme, icat, kreasyon, yaratma, innovation, introduction, origination London-based = Londrada yerleik cabinet = 1) dolap, elbise dolab, (elektronik cihazlar iin) konsol / kasa, locker, console; 2) kabine, bakanlar kurulu, (cabinet meeting = bakanlar kurulu toplants) gentleman = efendi, beyefendi, centilmen director = (Metinde, directory = rehber / klavuz kitap yerine kullanlm olan isim.) Gentleman and Cabinet-Makers Director = Meraklsna (lgili / Merakl Baylar in) Dolap malat Katalou

ci

.c

om

Soru 73 - 74

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

folio = en byk boy kitap publish = 1) yaymlamak, basmak, bring out, issue, print out; 2) ilan etmek, aklamak circulation = 1) tiraj, (bir gazetenin vs.) bask / sat miktar; 2) dalm, yaylma, sirklasyon make it harder = zorlatrmak collector = 1) koleksiyoncu; 2) (atk su iin) kolektr, toplayc locate = (bir eyin) yerini, bulunduu mekan tespit etmek / saptamak, bulmak, ortaya karmak, situate, turn up piece = para, eser, (imal edilen her bir) para (eya vs.) uneven = eit olmayan, dengesiz, imbalanced, zt anl.= even, uniform joint = balant noktas, eklem (yeri) tool = alet, ara, gere, instrument, implement mark = iaret, iz, belirti, sign

adoption = 1) (fikir, ideoloji, vs.) edinme / benimseme, acceptance, zt anl.= rejection; 2) evlat edinme so much so that = o (dereceye) kadar ki..., ylesine (ok) ki... speak of = (bir ey)den sz etmek, mention, remark Chinese = 1) in (yapm), ine ait, in ile ilgili: 2) ince

Irish = 1) rlanda (yapm), rlandaya ait, rlanda ile ilgili: 2) rlandaca, rlanda dili attach = 1) tamak, stnde bulundurmak; 2) ili(tir)mek; 3) (bir eye nem vs.) atfetmek / vermek, (This teacher attaches great importance to regular attendance. = Bu hoca devama (derslere dzenli devam etmeye) byk nem verir.) relationship = iliki, ilgi, ilinti, benzerlik, yaknlk, akrabalk Soru 73

entirely = tmyle, tamamen, completely, totally, zt anl.= partially, (When he came back to his hometown, he noticed that the place was entirely different from what he had left two decades ago. = Geri dndnde memleketinin, artk yirmi yl nce brakt yer olmadn grd.) perfect = kusursuz, tam, mkemmel, eksiksiz, excellent, flawless, zt anl.= imperfect, flawed angle = ke, a, dirsek, balant kebenti

mass-produced = seri retilmi, fabrikasyon

product = rn, mamul, imalat, yapm, merchandise article of furniture = mobilya paras, mobilya, piece of furniture

.b

manner = 1) tarz, usul, tavr, style; 2) ekil, biim, way by no means = asla, katiyen, hibir ekilde, in no sense, certainly not indication = belirti, delil, gsterge, iaret, evidence, hint workshop = atlye, imalathane, shop artisan = zanaatkr, el iisi, usta, craftsman

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genuine = 1) gerek, hakiki, real, zt anl.= fake; 2) iten, samimi, sincere catalogue = katalog special = zel, hususi, (belli bir kii veya eye) mahsus, particular, exceptional buy up = hepsini satn almak, piyasada mevcudunu brakmamak apparent = ak, belli, aikr, grnrdeki, gze arpan, obvious, visible, evident, zt anl.= obscure, hidden

reproduce = 1) kopyalamak, taklit etmek, (matbaaclkta) tpkbasm yapmak, imitate, redo, make more; 2) remek, oalmak, yavrulamak, propagate technique = 1) teknik, pratik yntem; 2) beceri, maharet, proficiency Soru 74 gain = kazanmak, elde etmek, acquire, earn, profit, win, zt anl.= lose, fall back popularity = n, poplarite, (halk tarafndan) beenilme, zt anl.= unpopularity

exploit = 1) yararlanmak, (kendi kar iin) kullanmak, utilize, (The opposition aims to exploit the economic crisis. = Muhalefet, ekonomik krizi kendi kar iin kullanmay amalyor.); 2) smrmek, istismar etmek, abuse

ci

.c

Gothic = gotik (Fransada doup 12-16. yzyllar arasnda Avrupada ok yaygn kabul grm olan mimar tarz ve bu tarz andran / kopyalam eserlere vs. yaktrlan sfat)

om

dealer = satc, tccar, trader

Soru 75 - 76

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

resemblance = benzerlik, similarity, zt anl.= distinction distinguish from = (bir eyi baka bir ey)den ayrmak / ayrt etmek, recognize, identify, tell (the difference) second-rate = ikinci snf / kalite, mediocre Soru 75 exert = 1) (bir kii zerindeki etkisini, hatrn vs.) zorlayarak kullanmak; 2) (kuvvet / basn vs.) uygulamak, apply generation = nesil, jenerasyon make a name = isim yapmak Soru 76 shape = ekillendirmek, biimlendirmek, oluturmak, meydana karmak, influence taste = beeni, tat, appreciation, discernment describe = betimlemek, resmetmek, tasvir etmek, anlatmak, depict, picture, explain present day = gnmz, bugn, zt anl.= past

practicality = kolaylk, rahatlk, uygulanabilirlik, pratiklik, usefulness, utility, zt anl.= impracticality designer = 1) desinatr, tasarmc; 2) planlayc, intriguer be subject to = (bir ey)e tabi olmak, maruz kalmak fashion = moda, ekil, slup, tarz, manner, mode, style, way ago = (toplam bir zaman sresinden) nce / evvel, (two days ago = iki gn nce) moat = kale / saray hendei

castellated = kale tipinde ina edilmi, mazgall, kuleli, castled wall = sur, kale bedeni, kale, duvar, rampart greenery = yeillik, limonluk, verdure in vogue = (u an) moda olan, a la mode, in style, (Sharp-pointed shoes are very much in vogue just now. = u aralar / Bugnlerde sivri burunlu ayakkablar ok moda.) while = oysa, -iken, whereas existing = var olan, hali hazrda bulunan, present, current environmentally friendly = evre dostu a number of = ok sayda, (belli) bir miktar, a lot of, plenty of ones = (Metinde, cities yerine kullanlm olan zamir.) plan = planlamak, tasarlamak, be after, contrive, design, project intend = niyet etmek, tasarlamak, amalamak, planlamak, aim, plan totally = btnyle, tmyle, tamamen, completely, entirely, altogether, wholly, zt anl.= partially, (Terrorism is totally unacceptable in a civilized world. = Uygar bir dnyada terrizm hibir surette kabul edilemez.) green = yeil, evreci Masdar = Masdar ehir Projesi (Birleik Arap Emirlikleri, Abu Dabi'de 6 km2'lik bir alanda, 22 milyar Amerikan dolar tahmini bir bteyle yapmna 2006 ylnda balanp 8 ylda bitirilmesi planlanan, yakc l rzgarlarn engellemek iin etraf duvarlarla evrilecek olan, sfr karbon-sfr atk hedefine odaklanm son derece evre dostu bir ehir projesi)

outline = ana hatlaryla belirtmek, taslan izmek, describe, lay out

advantage of smt over smt = bir eyin (baka) bir eye olan stnl / avantaj, (advantages of laptops over desktops = dizst bilgisayarlarn masast bilgisayarlara gre stnlkleri / avantajlar)

although = ramen, karn, ...olsa bile, though, even though, despite the fact that

by accident = kazara, yanllkla, tesadfen, by chance, accidentally whether / or = 1) ister ister , (yap)sa da (yap)masa da, (Whether you like the taste of this medicine or not, you will have to take it. = Tadn ister been, ister beenme, bu ilac imek zorundasn.); 2) olup olmadn, (yap)p (yap)mayacan, (I am not sure whether or not he is guilty. = Onun sulu olup olmadndan emin deilim.) defence = savunma, korunma

seem to = (bir ey yapar) gibi grnmek, (bir ey) olduu anlalmak, appear to

.b

77. 80. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)

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ci

.c

om

changing = deien, gelien, farkllaan, dynamic(al)

Soru 77 - 78

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

advertising = reklam, ilan, ad, advert, advertisement state = belirtmek, ifade etmek, express this is not the case = durum / gerek bu deildir for one thing = bir kere, her eyden nce, her ey bir yana, ncelikle experimental = deneye dayanan, deneysel, observational a work in progress = henz tamamlanmam / bitmemi i / alma / proje what emerges will not necessarily translate well elsewhere = ortaya kacak olan projenin baka bir yerde de baarl olacana dair bir garanti yoktur not necessarily = tam olarak deil, zorunlu deil, mutlaka yle olmas gerekmez translate = 1) edeer etkiye sahip olmak; 2) (bir ey)e dnmek, (The growth in income translates into greater purchasing power. = Gelir art alm gcnde arta dnr / art beraberinde getirir.); 3) (bir metni vs. bir dilden baka bir dile) evirmek, evrilmek, (Poems do not translate well. = iirlerin evrilmesi (evirisi) zordur. / iirler iyi evrilemez.)

withstand = (bir ey)e dayanmak, (birisi ya da bir ey)e kar koymak, direnmek, resist established = oturmu, yerlemi, kurulu dzeni olan, kkl, constituted, firm, effected, zt anl.= unestablished

turn into = (bir ey)e dn(tr)mek, convert to / into

until recently = son / yakn zamanlara kadar usually = ounlukla, sk sk, ekseriyetle, normal olarak, alld zere, unremarkably, normally come into being = ortaya kmak, belirmek, come into existence, come to life, emerge

well = iyi gzel (bir ekilde / biimde), zt anl.= badly, (The party went well. = Parti iyi gitti.), (The children behaved well. = ocuklar uslu durdular / yaramazlk yapmadlar.); 2) (salk asndan) iyi / salkl, fine; 3) iyice, olduka, hayli, byk lde, nemli oranda, (Shake the syrup well before using. = Kullanmadan nce urubu iyice alkalayn.) elsewhere = baka yer / yere / yerde

.b
Soru 77

unique = benzersiz, esiz, yegane, tek, (bir kiiye ya da eye) zg, unparalleled

location = belirli bir yer, konum, mahal, lokasyon, position, (What is the exact location of the ship? = Geminin konumu tam olarak nedir / neresidir?)

get (smt) to work = (bir eyi) iletmek / altrmak / faaliyete geirmek, (bir eyin) tutmasn / kabul grmesini salamak

one point emphasized in this passage by the writer = metinde, yazarn vurgulad noktalardan biri attractive = ekici, cazibeli, ilgi uyandran, zt anl.= repulsive, unattractive individually = 1) ayr ayr, tek tek, birer birer, one by one, separately, severally, singly; 2) bireysel olarak

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quite = 1) olduka, pek, epey, baya, rather; 2) tamamen, (You are quite right. = Tamamen haklsnz.)

naturally = 1) doal / tabii olarak, beklendii / tahmin edilebilecei gibi; 2) doas gerei, doutan, (Our son is naturally lazy. = Olumuz doutan tembel.); 3) kendiliinden, kendi kendine, (These flowers grow naturally in this area. = Bu iekler, bu blgede kendiliinden yetiiyor.) of ones own accord = bir d bask, zorlama vs. olmadan, kendiliinden destroy = yok etmek, ortadan kaldrmak, demolish, exterminate, wipe out, zt anl.= preserve, restore, construct boast of = 1) (vnlecek bir ey)e sahip olmak, own, possess; 2) (kendisi) ile (ar) vnmek, brag beautiful = gzel, alml, ho, zarif, pretty, lovely, zt anl.= ugly building = bina, inaat, apartman, construction, edifice infrastructure = altyap, base, substructure grew very slowly, if at all = biraz gelitiyse de, o da ok yava olmutur; gelitiyse de ok yava gelimitir

ci

.c
Soru 78

modernize = (tamirat, gzden geirme ve eitli ayarlamalar yaparak) yenilemek, modernize etmek / olmak, modernle(tir)mek, (The city is modernizing. = ehir modernleiyor / yenileniyor.)

om

economically = ekonomik olarak / adan / bakmdan, economic, (Economically the country is worse off than recent years. = Ekonomik adan, lke getiimiz yllara gre daha ktlemi / fakirlemi durumda.)

Soru 79 - 80

SOSYAL BLMLER - 15

houseworker = ev ileri yapan (genellikle bayan) hizmeti comfort = rahatlk, konfor, ease, zt anl.= discomfort scarcely = neredeyse hi, nadiren, glkle, ok az, barely, hardly, zt anl.= enough, sufficiently, (She is not a friend of mine. I scarcely know her. = O benim arkadalarmdan biri deil; onu ok az tanyorum.) take into consideration = dikkate almak, gz nnde bulundurmak, keep in mind, take into account Soru 79 necessity = 1) ihtiya, gereklilik, gerekli ey, requirement, essential; 2) fakirlik, yoksulluk fight = savamak, mcadele etmek, dvmek, struggle dictate = zorunlu klmak, zorla kabul ettirmek, emretmek, impose, command

always = her zaman, daima, hep, srekli, istenilen her an, forever, (You can always resign if you are not happy working with us. = Bizimle almaktan mutlu deilsen, istediin an istifa edebilirsin.) so = dolaysyla, bu yzden / nedenle, therefore, thus, then inevitably = kanlmaz bir ekilde, unavoidably, inescapably, zt anl.= avoidably Soru 80

follow = izlemek, takip etmek, track

.b
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in accordance with = (bir ey)e uygun olarak, uyarnca, in compliance (with), zt anl.= contrary to

.c

strictly = tamamen, kat bir ekilde, tartmaszca, exclusively, entirely, (obey the rules strictly = emirlere harfiyen uymak)

om

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