VOCABULARY ALITIRMALARI - 1

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VOCABULARY ALITIRMALARI BRNC BLM

1. HEDEF KELMELER 2. ALITIRMALAR Altrma 1. Altrma 2. Altrma 3. Altrma 4.

3. ZMLER

Altrma 1. zmler Altrma 2. zmler Altrma 3. zmler Altrma 4. zmler

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1. HEDEF KELMELER
1. a couple of = (saylabilen unsurlarla kullanlr) birka, iki , a few Im going to visit my uncle for a couple of days. I wish I could stay with him longer. 2. a great / good deal (of) = (saylamayan unsurlarla kullanlr) olduka fazla, ok, a lot, much, zt anl.= a little, a bit My mother had to spend a great / good deal of time and effort to prepare the dinner for the guests (misafir). 3. a number of = (saylabilen unsurlarla kullanlr) ok sayda, (belli) bir miktar(da), a lot of, plenty of There were a number of parents waiting outside the classroom to talk to the teacher. The mother puts absolute pressure on her children. They dont even leave the room without her permission.

7. absent (sfat) = yok, mevcut de il, unavailable, zt anl.= present, available Can is ill at home. So he is absent from class today.

absence (isim) = yokluk, bulunmama, zt anl.= presence, existence

4. above all = hepsinden ziyade, en bata, mostly Above all, Id like to thank our readers for their support (destek).

The fugitive (kaak) stayed at an abandoned house for a few days until the police found him.

6. absolutely (zarf) = tamamen, kesinlikle, totally, definitely The film was absolutely amazing. I must see it again soon! Are you coming with us? Absolutely.

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5. abandoned = terk edilmi, bo, (bina iin) viran halde, desolate, zt anl.= occupied

absolute (sfat) = 1) tam, halis, saf, mutlak, pure, zt anl.= imperfect; 2) (bir eyin) hepsi, tamam, complete, zt anl.= limited

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Hande will be in charge (sorumlu) of the sales department in Canans absence.

8. accelerate = hzlan(dr)mak, ivme kazan(dr)mak, speed up, zt anl.= decelerate, retard Reducing (drmek) the prices could help accelerate the sales. Accelerate fiilinin bir dier anlam ise, gaza basmaktr: Do not accelerate. Theres a speed limit on this road. The tuition fee (okul creti) includes the books, but not the accommodation. I have to arrange (ayarlamak) it myself, and I dont know where Ill be staying yet. accommodate (fiil) = 1) yer / yaam alan salamak, be home to; 2) (ihtiyalarna) cevap vermek, hizmet etmek, serve The jury will be accommodated in a nearby hotel during the trial (muhakeme / yarglama) period. The dormitory (yurt) cannot fully accommodate the students. Thats why it is going to be enlarged (geniletmek).

9. accommodation (isim) = konaklama

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10. access = girmek, nfuz etmek, enter You can access the roof (at ) from the bedroom upstairs (yukar kat). 11. accomplish = baarmak, (zorlu bir uratan sonra) elde etmek, kazanmak, achieve, zt anl.= fail, lose, quit Mission accomplished. = Grev baaryla tamamland. We have accomplished all we set out to do. = Yola karken koyduumuz btn hedelere ula tk. 12. abolish (fiil) = kaldrmak, feshetmek, cancel, get rid of, zt anl.= establish Sultanate (Saltanat) was abolished on November 1, 1922 in Turkey.

The directors latest documentary (belgesel) is concerned with famine (kuraklk) in Africa. 15. caution (fiil) = uyarmak, ikaz etmek, warn

abolition (isim) = (ortadan) kaldrma, ilga, fesih, cancellation, repulsion

Some parents (veli) have written to the Meadows school administration (idare) against (kar) the abolition of their school library and the decision to make the librarian redundant (ktphane memurunu iten karmak).

Calcium is found most abundantly in milk. abundance (isim) = bolluk, okluk, zenginlik, copiousness, wealth, zt anl.= rarity, scarcity There was an abundance of beverages (iecek) at the party. = Beverages were in abundance at the party.

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13. abundantly (zarf) = bolca, byk miktarda, copiously, profusely, zt anl.= rarely, scarcely

14. be concerned with = (bir ey) ile ilgili / alakal olmak, (bir ey)i konu etmek, be about, deal with

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17. hostile = dmanca, d man, saldrgan, kar olan, aggressive, antagonistic, adversary, zt anl.= friendly. The leader of the political party was obviously uncomfortable (rahatsz) while addressing (konuma yapmak, hitap etmek) the hostile crowd that was angrily shouting at him.

18. ignorant = bilgisiz, cahil, grgsz, unlearned, unaware, rude The famous actor couldnt even answer some basic questions about his countrys history. He was unbelievably (inanlmaz derecede) ignorant. We were embarrassed (mahcup olmak) by her ignorant manners (tavr, davran) at the lunch table. ignore: dikkate almamak, gz ard etmek, disregard, dismiss, zt anl.= know, notice, pay attention (to) Safety regulations are being ignored by company managers in the drive to increase profits. = Gvenlik nlemleri, irket mdrleri tarafndan, karlar arttrma drtsyle gz ard ediliyor.

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Following his complaint (ikayet), the airline delivered the lost luggage (bagaj) to Jasons flat.

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16. deliver = teslim etmek, vermek, brakmak, datmak, mesaj iletmek, transfer, hand over, distribute, send, zt anl.= keep, retain

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My mothers cautioned me not to step on the parquet of the living room as the polish (cila) hadnt dried (kurumak) yet.

19. judge = yarglamak, hkm vermek, deerlendirmek, decide, conclude, evaluate, appraise Judging by the tone of his voice on the telephone, I immediately understood that something bad had happened. 20. lack = (bir ey)den yoksun olmak, mahrum olmak, be short of , be without, zt anl.= have, own He might have a university degree in architecture (mimarlk), but he lacks the vision and enthusiasm (evk) to become a popular architect. 21. moderate = lml, orta, ll, snrl, reasonable, zt anl.= extreme Sue was neither exceptional (olaanst) nor unsuccessful as a student. She was just moderate.

1) The US government has stated that it will have withdrawn its soldiers from Iraq by 2010. 1) Tims broken ankle (bilek) made him withdraw from todays b a s e ball game. 2) Could I withdraw 500 TL from my account please?

3) When she withdrew the drug (ila), her symptoms (hastal k belirtisi) reappeared. 24. yield = verim, kar, kazan, sonu, rn, output, production

22. upset = 1) bozmak, altst etmek, disturb, disrupt; 2) zmek, sinirlendirmek, bother, afflict 1) The apartment blocks seriously upset the peaceful (huzur verici) landscape (manzara).

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2) My mothers negative remarks (sz, yorum) about my husband have been upsetting me. She had better (...sa iyi olur) change her attitude (tavr).

upsetting = zc, znt veren, sinir bozucu, annoying, hurtful, distressing, zt anl.= pleasing The news about the casualties (kazazede) of the attack is pretty (olduka) upsetting as there seems to be almost no hope of recovery (kurtulu).

23. withdraw (from) = 1) geri ek(il)mek, retreat, zt anl.= attack, assault; 2) (para) ekmek; 3) (ilac vs.) kesmek

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25. vaguely = tam anlamn vermeyecek ekilde, belli belirsiz, ambiguously, zt anl.= clearly, explicitly Id just woken up when Ron phoned me, so I vaguely remember what we talked about.

26. accidentally = kazara, yanllkla, tesadfen, unintentionally, zt anl.= deliberately, on purpose I accidentally broke my aunts antique vase (vazo). Now, I have to make up for (telafi etmek) it.

27. accordingly = dolay syla, bu nedenle, so, consequently She had been suffering from severe (iddetli) back pain (srt ars) and accordingly consulted (danmak / grnmek) a doctor. Accordingly zarfnn bir dier anlam ise, ona gre, yledir: Ill wait until I have heard from her and act accordingly. = Ondan haber alana kadar bekleyece im ve ona gre hareket edece im.

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Unfortunately, owing to (yznden) the dry weather conditions, farmers arent expecting (beklemek) a high yield this autumn (sonbahar).

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28. abuse = ktye kullanmak, suiistimal etmek, ar kullanmak, misuse, mistreat, spoil, zt anl.= defend, respect If you abuse alcohol, you can end up being an alcoholic. = ...alkolik olup kacaksn. 29. accompany = (birine) elik etmek, (bir ey)in beraberinde gelmek / bulunmak, come / go with, be associated with Could you accompany me back to my flat please? It is dark and Im scared (korkmak) to walk alone. 30. make out olduunu) semek, perceive, baarmak, = 1) (bir eyin ne kestirmek, karmak, anlamak, zmek, understand ; 2) be successful

I missed my nephew Jacks birthday party, but to make up for it Im going to take him to his favourite bands concert. 34. casually = geliigzel, dikkat ve zen gstermeden, ilgisiz bir ekilde

He glanced casually at the headlines of the paper. = Gazetenin balklarna ilgisiz bir ekilde / yle bir gz att.

The houses in the area were randomly scattered (dalmak). 36. haphazardly = rasgele, geliigzel, rastlantsal, randomly, arbitrarily The garden was neglected (ihmal edilmek). You could see flowers growing haphazardly here and there.

1) The man was obviously (a ka) trying to tell me something but I couldnt make out his Welsh (Galler, Galli) accent (aksan).

2) It is usually challenging (zorlayc) for students to make out in a new school. 31. make use of = kullanmak, yararlanmak, utilise, benefit from , zt anl.= make no use of

You dont need to build a shed (mtemilat) in the garden. You could make use of the spare (bo ) room to put the exercise machines in.

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32. make do with = (bir ey) ile yetinmek / idare etmek, subsist, get by I sometimes make do with a cup of tea when I dont have time for breakfast in the mornings.

33. make up for = (kaybedilen veya eksik kalan bir eyi) tamamlamak, yerine koymak, kapatmak, telafi etmek, compensate for

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37. misuse = kt / yanl kullanmak, suiistimal etmek, kt muamele etmek, misapply, abuse

38. spoil = 1) bozmak, berbat / harap etmek, impair; 2) martmak, featherbed 1) The open-air concert was spoilt by the rain. 2) I am an only child (ailenin tek ocuu) but my parents didnt really spoil me. 39. take advantage of = (bir ey)i frsat bilmek, (bir ey)den yararlanmak, smrmek, suiistimal etmek, abuse, capitalise, trepass Youre taking advantage of my good will (iyi niyet).

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35. randomly = rasgele, belli bir plan ya da ynteme ba l kalmakszn, haphazardly, every which way

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2. ALITIRMALAR
ALITIRMA 1.
Aadaki sorularda, bo yerlere uygun den seenei iaretleyiniz.

A) B) C) D)

a a a a

couple of number of series of great deal of

1.3. We watched Turkish films last week. Unfortunately, none of them was as good as wed thought. A) B) C) D) a number of a good deal of the number of a great deal of

1.4. To get this job, you have to have at least five years of teaching experience, but you have to hold a Masters degree in e d u cation. A) above B) above all C) at all D) all along

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A) B) C) D) A) B) C) D) A) B) C) D)
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1.2. Because of the icy roads, there was traffic on the way to work this morning.

1.6. I suggest he his reading in order to finish these two novels by the end of this month. accelerate accommodate accomplish access

1.7. The money will be transferred into your bank account today, but it is going to be within two business days. access accessibility accession accessible

1.8. The of capitulations with the Treaty of Lausanne led to the recognition of the sovereignty of the new Republic of Turkey. abolition abundance accomplishment accommodation

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A) B) C) D)

a a a a

range of great deal of couple of number of

A) B) C) D)

absence absolute absent abandoned

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1.1. If I had brought just pullovers with me to this cold spot, I wouldnt be shivering now.

1.5. After having found her missing cat in the backyard, Sarah sadly noticed that its tail was .

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ALITIRMA 2.
Aadaki sorularda bo braklan yerleri, verilen kelime grubundan sadece bir tanesini seerek doldurunuz. Bir kelimeyi birden fazla bolukta kullanmaynz. Gerekli hallerde tense deiiklii yapabilirsiniz.

caution ignorant

lack concerned with

hostile moderate

2.1. The last chapter of the book is the application of the methods mentioned before. 2.2. My sister has a tendency to people by their appearances and naturally she is often mistaken.

2.4. Most people face health problems when they eat an unbalanced diet and/or exercise. 2.5. How about having some flowers to Tina on her birthday? 2.6. Even amounts of alcohol can be hazardous during pregnancy. 2.7. I dont think I would be able to survive in such a climate which makes people remain indoors almost all year round. 2.8. Most teachers of the old school are often of computer-aided learn ing and still

prefer traditional methods.

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2.3. Last night weather men their viewers against the intense winds likely to be caused by the storm.

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ALITIRMA 3.

Aadaki sorularda, parantez iindeki kelimeleri cmlenin geliine gre, gerekli hallerde n ve son ekler kullanarak ve/veya tense deiiklii yaparak tretiniz.

3.1. Poverty is a problem which no government can afford to (IGNORANT). 3.2. The medicine was (WITHDRAWAL) from sale after a number of people had been reported as suffering serious side effects.

3.3. There has been a significant decrease in the annual milk (YIELD) since most of the cows died because of the mad cow disease.

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3.5. Tania refused to talk about her fathers death for a long time as she found the subject (UPSET).

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3.4. His face is (VAGUE) familiar but I cant exactly figure out when or where I have seen him before.

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ALITIRMA 4.
Aadaki altrmalarda her bir drtl grup soru zerinde yer alan kelimeleri uygun cmleler ierisine yerletiriniz. Gerekli hallerde tense deiiklii yapabilir ya da isimlerin oul hallerini kullanabilirsiniz.

Altrma 4. 1. haphazardly accidentally casually

randomly

4.1.A. He was dressed in jeans and T-shirt.

4.1.C. The patients included in the research were chosen.

4.1.D. She looked in anger at the books jammed in the shelves.

Altrma 4. 2. abuse

4.2.A. People tend to call all kinds of mental disorders schizophrenic. Therefore, the term schizophrenia is often . 4.2.B. Dont let this incident your day. 4.2.C. She the childrens absence to tidy their room.

4.2.D. The charity had been the donations until their corruption was uncovered by the media.

Altrma 4. 3. make out

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misuse spoil make use of make do with
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4.3.A. The airline company offered me a 25% discount on my next flight so as to the inconvenience theyd caused by postponing the flight.

4.3.B. Kyle wasnt able to get the promotion hed been hoping for; instead, he a small amount of pay rise. 4.3.C. I thought Id done pretty well in the Science exam. However, when the teacher told me that my score was 45 over 100, I couldnt why. 4.3.D. The author was famous for figurative language in his novels.

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take advantage of

4.1.B. After knocking over the bottles on the table, the child went red and started to cry.

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VOCABULARY ALITIRMALARI - 1 3. ZMLER

ALITIRMA 1. ZMLER
Soru

A) a range of B) a great deal of zm 1.1. (Doru cevap C.) pullover: kazak, sveter

C) a couple of

D) a number of

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shiver: (souktan / korkudan) titremek 2) a range of activities for children
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just: sadece, yalnz(ca), only, simply, merely

eeneklere baktmzda, hepsinin a a yukar miktarlarla ilgili olduklarn grebiliyoruz. Ayrntl aklamaya gemeden nce, basit bir yaklamla, a great deal of miktar belirleyicisini atabiliriz. nk a great deal of say lamayan ifadelerle kullan lr. Just, sadece, yaln zca anlam tad iin soruda ok sayda / bol miktarda anlam n veren a number ofu da kullanamay z. Kald iki seenek: A ve C. imdi btn seenekleri ayr ntl olarak inceleyelim ve do ru cevab kesinletirelim: A: a range of: 1) e itli, various; 2) bir dizi, a series of 1) There is a wide range of classes you have to attend (kat lmak) as a freshman (niversite birinci s nf rencisi) at university. 1) The hotel offers a full range of facilities (imkan / tesis) and services. 1) This material (kuma) is available in a huge range of colours.

Grdnz gibi, a range of belli bir tre ait farkl unsurlarn oluturduu herhangi bir skala (rn: e it skalas) varsa kullanlyor. Ancak soru cmlemiz byle bir skalann var olduuna dair herhangi bir ipucu iermiyor. Soru cmlemizdeki konumac, Yanmda birka kazak olsa, mezdim. diyor. Yoksa kazak eitlerinden vs. sz etmiyor. B: a great deal of: (say lamayan unsurlarla kullanlr) olduka fazla, ok, a lot, much, zt anl.= a little, a bit

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1.1. If I had brought just pullovers with me to this cold spot, I wouldnt be shivering now.

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Ive got a great deal of work to do. Im afraid I wont be able to meet you. C: a couple of: (say labilen unsurlarla kullanlr) birka, iki , a few

D: a number of: (say labilen unsurlarla kullanlr) ok sayda, (belli) bir miktar, a lot of, plenty of

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1.2. Because of the icy roads, there was traffic on the way to work this morning.

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1.2. (Doru cevap D.) icy: buzlu

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B) a number of C: a series of: bir dizi, a range of D: a great deal of: olduka fazla, ok
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A) a couple of

Icy roads (buzlanm yollar) normalde hayat mz zorlatrrken, bu cmlede bize doru bir cevap kazand racak gibi duruyor. nk yolda buzlanma varsa, trafik a rlar / younlar. Seenekleri incelemeye balayalm: A: A couple of, birka / iki anlam yla bize artk tandk gelmeli. Saylabilen unsurlarla kullanabildi imiz bu miktar belirleyici iin bir rnek cmle daha verelim: Ive only had a couple of drinks. Im not drunk (sarho ). B: a number of: ok say da, bol miktarda Bir nceki soruda, bu s fatn sadece say labilen unsurlarn miktarn belirleyebileceini sylemitik. The professor has recently given a series of lectures (konferans) on allergy. Not: Bir dizi trafik hibir anlam vermedii iin C seeneinin hatasn aklama gerei grmedik. A great deal of, say lamayan trafik kelimesini niteleyebilir ve cmlede

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C) a series of D) a great deal of

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Gill doesnt really need to buy another pair of trainers (spor ayakkab s). Shes got a number of trainers which she has barely (nadiren) worn (giymek) before.

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Only a couple of students had their grammar books with them, so the teacher gave up the idea of teaching Inverted Sentences (devrik cmleler) and tried doing another activity.

buzlanm yollardan tr trafik yo unluunun arttn anlatabilir. Bu nedenle do ru cevap D seeneidir. Soru 1.3. We watched Turkish films last week. Unfortunately, none of them was as good as wed thought. A) a number of B) a good deal of zm 1.3. (Doru cevap A.) A: a number of: (bkz. zm 1.1.) C) the number of

D) a great deal of

Saylabilen unsurlarla kullan lan ve ok sayda anlamn tayan bu sfat bir rnek cmlede daha grelim:

Soru

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A) above B) above all zm

1.4. To get this job, you have to have at least five years of teaching experience, but you have to hold a Masters degree in education. C) at all D) all along

1.4. (Doru cevap B.) at least: en az(ndan), hi de ilse

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D: a great deal of: (Bkz. zm 1.1. B)
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B: a good deal of: A great deal of ile e anlaml olan bu miktar belirleyici saylamayan unsurlarla kullan lr: Theres still a good deal of work to do before were finished. C: the number of: (tekil yapldr), (bir grup insan ya da ey)in says The number of cities Ive been to in Europe is greater than that of cities I have visited in Turkey. The number of students in my class is 25. Bu ifade bir miktar belirleyici de il, isimdir. Bu nedenle, We watched the number of Turkish films. cmlesi, Trk filmlerinin saysn seyrettik. gibi sama bir anlam veriyor. There is a great deal of new vocabulary (kelime) we are going to cover (bitirmek) in this lesson.

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This is a very dangerous crossroad (kav ak). A number of accidents have happened here.

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experience: deneyim, tecrbe hold a Masters degree: yksek lisans diplomas na sahip olmak Soru cmlesi pek ipucu vermemi. , seenekleri tek tek incelemeye kalyor. Watch out (Dikkat et)! There is a huge bee (ar ) above your head. Above bir edatt r. Cmle banda kullanlabilir: Above the troposphere (atmosferin troposfer tabakas ) is the stratosphere (stratosfer). On his nose was a deep scar (yara izi).

Ancak, bu zel devrik cmle yap s hari, hibir edat cmle ba nda dorudan zneye ba lanamaz. Bu nedenle, A seene i hataldr. In England, I saw many Africans.

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D: all along: ta ba ndan / ba tan (beri)
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cmlesinde, England zne de il, yer zarf grevindedir. Bu rne i yukardaki zel cmle yaps ile kartrmaynz. B: above all: hepsinden ziyade, en ba ta, her eyden nce / nemlisi, mostly I cant stand (dayanmak / katlanmak) his rude (kaba) behaviour, but above all his arrogance (kstahl k). Above all zarfnn tad bu anlam, soru cmlemize de oturuyor: Bu ie girmek iin her eyden nce bir yksek lisans derecesine sahip olmalsnz. C: at all: hi mi hi, hibir surette / ekilde, whatsoever Bu zarf olumlu bir cmlenin ba nda deil, olumsuz bir cmlenin genellikle sonunda yer al r: I took some painkillers but they didnt ease (dindirmek) my toothache at all. (doru) I took some painkillers but at all they didnt ease (dindirmek) my toothache. (yanl )

He was half asleep all along the meeting. I had to admit (itiraf etmek / kabul etmek) that Dad had been right all along. D seeneinin elenebilmesi eviri becerisine kal yor.

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Ltfen kartrmaynz!:

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A: above (edat): zerinde, yukar snda, over, zt anl.= below

Soru

1.5. After having found her missing cat in the backyard, Sarah sadly noticed that its tail was . A) absence B) absolute C) absent D) abandoned

missing: kayp backyard: arka bahe notice: fark etmek, grmek tail: kuyruk

sadly: zntyle, acyla, zntl / ac bir ekilde

Soru cmlesinin sonuna d en bolukta bir isimden ok, s fata gerek olduu anlalyor. Bu nedenle, isim ieren A seeneinden uzak durmakta fayda var. A: absence: yokluk, bulunmama, z t anl.= presence, existence

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We deeply (derinden) felt our grandmothers absence when we gathered (toplanmak) for the first time after she passed away (vefat etmek). B: absolute: 1) tam, halis, saf, mutlak, pure, zt anl.= imperfect; 2) (bir ey)in hepsi, tamam, complete, zt anl.= limited The army gained (kazanmak) an absolute victory (zafer) in the battlefields (sava alan). Absolute sfat, genellikle niteledii isimle birlikte bulunur: absolute freedom absolute power an absolute genius (dahi, cevher) an absolute idiot (geri zekal ), (Absolute genius olur, absolute idiot olmaz m?) absolute proof (kan t) Soru cmlesindeki boluktan sonra herhangi bir isim kullan lmad iin, absolute sfatna tek bana ans vermek hi akllca deil. C: absent: yok, mevcut de il, unavailable, zt anl.= present, available The chairman (bakan) was absent so they couldnt start the meeting on time (zamannda). As soon as he came to himself (kendine gelmek) in the crashed car, he felt for (yoklamak, el yordamyla aramak) his right leg but it was absent. D: abandoned: terk edilmi , bo, (bina iin) viran halde, desolate, zt anl.= occupied The abandoned building has been demolished (yklmak) and rebuilt as an office block (i han). Bu seenein elenebilmesi iin, cmlenin anla lmas art grnyor.

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Its (the cats) tail was black / long etc.

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1.5. (Doru cevap C.)

Soru

1.6. I suggest he his reading in order to finish these two novels by the end of this month. A) accelerate B) accommodate C) accomplish D) access

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1.6. (Doru cevap A.) novel (isim): roman

Novel kelimesi sfat grevinde de kar mza kabilir: yeni, yeniliki, modern.

I suggest he see / should see a doctor.

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D: access: girmek, nfuz etmek, enter
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Soruya dnersek, verilen seeneklerin hepsinin fiil oldu unu grrz. Bu da demektir ki, are yok, seenekleri tek tek inceleyece iz. A: accelerate: h zlan(dr)mak, ivme kazan(dr)mak, speed up, zt anl.= decelerate, retard The Ministry of Internal Affairs (ileri Bakanl) has started to accept online passport applications to accelerate the application procedure. B: accommodate: 1) yer / ya am alan salamak, be home to; 2) (ihtiyalarna) cevap vermek, hizmet etmek, serve The new holiday resort is capable of (kapasitesi yeterli) accommodating over 600 guests. C: accomplish: baarmak, (zorlu bir uratan sonra) elde etmek, kazanmak, achieve, zt anl.= fail, lose, quit Liam wasnt able to accomplish the tasks (grev) due to his lack (eksiklik) of concentration. Weve checked the system and it is obvious (belli) that someone accessed the confidential (gizli) files on the computer.

ci

Yaplan bu aklamaya gre, doru cevap A seeneinde verilen accelerate fiili geni zaman ekimli deil, yaln haldedir.

.c

Not: Suggest, recommend gibi urgency verbs (aciliyet fiilleri) kendilerini izleyen yan cmledeki fiilleri V 1 ya da should V 1 halde isterler:

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Soru

1.7. The money will be transferred into your bank account today, but it is going to be within two business days. A) access B) accessibility C) accession D) accessible

zm

1.7. (Doru cevap D.) bank account: banka hesab business day: i / mesai gn

A: access (fiil): girmek, nfuz etmek

B: accessibility (isim): eriilebilirlik, ulalabilirlik, availability

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When investing (yatrm yapmak) in such a big farm, it is wise (akllca) to consider (gz nnde bulundurmak) its accessibility from the main road (ana yol). C: accession (isim): (tahta vs.) geme / kma, (bir birlie vs.) katlma Queen Elizabeths accession to the throne (taht) The accession of Turkey to the EU is not welcome. D: accessible (sfat): ulalabilir, yararlanlabilir, available, approachable, usable, zt anl.= inaccessible, restricted It may be that the flat is in an accessible part of the city, but it is too small to accommodate all four of us.

Doru cevap D seene i olmak zere, cmleyi Trkemize evirdiimizde, yle bir anlam kyor ortaya:

Para, banka hesab nza bugn havale edilecek, ancak iki i gn iinde kullanlabilir / eriilebilir duruma gelecek.

ci

Cmleye baktnzda, boluk iin pasif bir fiile ihtiyac nz olabileceini dnebilirsiniz (be V 3). Ancak seenekler iinde 3. halde bir fiil bulunmayp sadece aktif ekimli A seenei var. O da bizim iimize yaramyor. Ayrca, boluktan hemen nce a / an / the artikellerinden herhangi birinin olmay boluk iin isim alternatifini de zora sokuyor. Yani B ve C seeneklerinin ans da olduka zayf.

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Soru

1.8. The of capitulations with the Treaty of Lausanne led to the recognition of the sovereignty of the new Republic of Turkey. A) abolition B) abundance C) accomplishment D) accommodation

zm

1.8. (Doru cevap A.)

capitulation: kapitlasyon (Osmanl mparatorluu dneminde olduu gibi, yabanclara verilen ekonomik, adli, idari vb. hak ve ayr calklar) Treaty of Lausanne: Lozan (Bar) Antlamas (24 Temmuz 1923 tarihinde svirede imzalanan bar antlamas)

recognition: kabul, onay, tan ma, poplarite, acceptance , acknowledgement, approval, zt anl.= refusal, rejection sovereignty: egemenlik, dominion Cevab bulmak iin soru cmlesini enikonu anlamak gerekiyor. Ancak iinde geen yabanc kelimelerin okluuna baknca, cmlenin evirisinin de pek kolay olmayacan syleyebiliriz. A: abolition: (ortadan) kaldrma, ilga, fesih, cancellation, repulsion The abolition of slavery was one of the most important milestones (kilometre ta) in the history. B: abundance: bolluk, okluk, zenginlik, copiousness, wealth, zt anl.= scarcity The age (a) of abundance throughout the whole world seems to be coming to an end. C: accomplishment: baar, stesinden gelme, success, achievement, zt anl.= failure, defeat

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D: accommodation: konaklama
18 w w w. b a d e m c i . c o m

In my opinion, the invention of the light bulb (ampul) is the greatest accomplishment of mankind (insano lu). There are many types of accommodation around the city of Paris.

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lead to: (bir ey)e yol amak, neden olmak, cause

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ALITIRMA 2. ZMLER
Soru 2.1. The last chapter of the book is the application of the methods mentioned before. 2.1. (Doru cevap: concerned with: (bir ey) ile ilgili / alakal, about.) chapter: (rn. bir hikayedeki) blm, ksm, section, part application: uygulama, tatbikat, exercise, practice mention: sz etmek, bahsetmek, disclose, bring up

zm

Soru

zm

2.2. (Doru cevap: judge: yarglamak, hkm vermek, deerlendirmek, evaluate, appraise, decide, conclude.) tendency: eilim, inclination appearance: grn, grnm, image, feature be mistaken: yanlmak, be wrong

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2.2. My sister has a tendency to people by their appearances and naturally she is often mistaken.

Bu cmlede, by their appearances (d grnleri ile) ifadesi bize ipucu vermeli. Pek uygulayamasak da, insanlar d grnlerine gre yarglamann yanl olduunu sk sk dile getiririz. te bu cmlede kullandmz yarglamak fiilinin ngilizce karl judge kelimesidir. Soru cmlesindeki kzn durumuna dmemek, yani yanlmamak iin (not be mistaken), bakalarn d grnlerine gre yarglamaktan kanmalyz (avoid).

ci

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Cmle, belli bir kitabn son blm ile a l yapm. Elimizdeki kelimelerden sadece concerned with cmleye yakyor. Kitabn son blm, nceden bahsedilen yntemlerin uygulamas ile ilgili imi.

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Soru

2.3. Last night weather men their viewers against the intense winds likely to be caused by the storm. 2.3. (Doru cevap: cautioned: uyarmak, ikaz etmek, warn.)

zm

viewer: izleyici, seyirci likely: muhtemel, olas storm: frtna

intense: iddetli, gl, fierce, powerful, zt anl.= mild

Soru cmlesi frtnann sebep olabilecei iddetli rzgarlardan sz ediyor. Bu durumda, meteoroloji uzmanlar nn izleyicileri uyarmasn (caution) bekleyebiliriz.

zm

2.4. (Doru cevap: lack: (bir ey)den yoksun olmak, mahrum olmak, be short of, be without, zt anl.= have, own.) face: (birisi / bir ey) ile kar karya gelmek, yzlemek, yz yze gelmek, (birisi / bir ey)in karsna kmak, confront, encounter, challenge, zt anl.= avoid, evade, retreat (from) balanced diet: dengeli beslenme (program) Listede verilen 4 fiilden ikisini daha nceki sorularda kullanm tk (caution, judge). Elimizde kalanlar: lack deliver

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Soru

2.4. Most people face health problems when they eat an unbalanced diet and/or exercise.

Deliver (gndermek, teslim etmek) aradmz anlam vermiyor. Cmle, kabaca ou insann dzgn beslenmedi i ve yeterince egzersiz yapmadndan sz ediyor. zne o ul olduu ve cmle genel bir durumdan sz ettii iin lack fiilini deitirmeden simple present tense ekmeliyiz.

ci

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weather man / girl: radyo ya da televizyonda hava tahmin raporlar n sunan meteoroloji uzman

Soru zm

2.5. How about having some flowers to Tina on her birthday? 2.5. (Doru cevap: delivered: gndermek, teslim etmek, vermek, b rakmak, datmak, mesaj iletmek, send, transfer, hand over, distribute, zt anl.= keep, retain.) Cmlemizi, Tinaya doum gnnde iek gndermeye ne dersin? eklinde Trkeletirebiliriz. Cmledeki causative (ettirgen) yap ya dikkat: have something done = bir i i (birisine) yaptr(t)mak have flowers delivered = iek gndermek I am going to have my car washed. = Arabam ykattracam.

Bu aklamayla beraber, deliver fiilinin V 3 halinde kullanlmas gerektiini gryoruz. Yani, iekler Tinaya bakas tarafndan teslim edilecek.

Soru zm

2.6. Even amounts of alcohol can be hazardous during pregnancy. 2.6. (Doru cevap: moderate: lml, orta, ll, snrl, reasonable, zt anl.= extreme.) amount: miktar, quantity hazardous: tehlikeli, dangerous, zt anl.= safe, secure pregnancy: hamilelik, gebelik Cmleyi, eksik kelime hari, aadaki gibi Trkeletirmek mmkn:

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miktar alkol bile hamileyken tehlikeli olabilir.

Btn mesele, Ne kadar bir miktar? sorusuna cevap bulabilmek. Elimizdeki drt sfattan birini zaten kullanm tk (concerned with). Kalan sfattan (hostile, ignorant, moderate) birincisi d manca, ikincisi ise cahil anlamn verdiine gre, geriye miktarla ilgili olabilecek bir tek moderate sfat kalyor.

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Soru

2.7. I dont think I would be able to survive in such a climate which makes people remain indoors almost all year round. 2.7. (Doru cevap: hostile: elverisiz, zorlu, dman(ca), saldrgan, kar olan, aggressive, antagonistic, adversary, zt anl.= friendly.) survive: ayakta / sa kalmak, var olmay / yaamay srdr(ebil)mek, live on, remain, zt anl.= perish, die climate: iklim all year round: tm sene boyunca remain indoors: ierde kalmak, bulunduu yerden dar kmamak

zm

Soru

2.8. Most teachers of the old school are often of computer-aided learning and still prefer traditional methods. 2.8. (Doru cevap: ignorant: bilgisiz, cahil, grgsz, unlearned, unaware, rude.) old school: geleneklere ba l, geleneki (ekol) computer-aided learning: bilgisayar destekli renim traditional: geleneksel, conventional u ana kadar listede olup da kullanmad mz bir tek kelime kaldna gre, cevap belli: ignorant. Ancak adet oldu u zere biz yine de ksa bir aklama yapalm: Cmlemizin ikinci blm (and balacndan sonras) hala geleneksel yntemleri tercih eden retmenlerden sz ediyor. Bu retmenler bilgisayar destekli eitim konusunda pek de bilgili olmasalar gerek! Bu ekilde deerlendirdiimizde, ignorant sfat cmledeki boluk iin ok uygun grnyor.

zm

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Konumac, tm sene boyunca insan bulunduu yere neredeyse hapseden byle bir iklimde ya amay srdremeyeceini dnyor. Herhalde bu iklimi tanmlamak iin kullanaca sfatn da olumlu olmas beklenemez. Elimizdeki her iki sfat da olumsuz anlamlar (hostile, ignorant) ieriyor. Ancak ignorant sesli harf ile ba layan bir kelime olduu iin kendisinden nce a deil, an artikeli ister (an ignorant man). Bunu fark edebilirseniz, hostile sfat alternatifsiz kalacaktr.

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ALITIRMA 3. ZMLER
Soru 3.1. Poverty is a problem which no government can afford to (IGNORANT). 3.1. (Doru cevap ignore: dikkate almamak, gz ard etmek, disregard, dismiss.) afford to do smt = bir eyi yapabilme lks / imkan olmak, (parasal vs. anlamda) bir ey yapmaya gc yetmek

zm

Soru

3.2. The medicine was (WITHDRAWAL) from sale after a number of people had been reported as suffering serious side effects. 3.2. (Doru cevap withdrawn: geri ek(il)mek, retreat, zt anl.= attack, assault.) report: rapor etmek, bildirmek suffer: muzdarip olmak, sknt(sn) ekmek, (bir eyden) zarar grmek side effect : yan etki, adverse effect Withdrawal kelimesi withdraw fiilinin isim halidir. Parantez iinde verildiine gre, bu kelimenin (withdrawal) de imesi gerektii ak. Doru cevaba ulamak iin boluktan nceki was yard mcsn grp withdraw fiilini 3. halde (pasif) ekmeliyiz: withdrawn.

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Soru cmlesinin evirisi:
23 w w w. b a d e m c i . c o m

Cmlenin sonundaki to mastar boluu bir fiilin doldurmas gerektiine iaret ediyor. O halde ignorant (cahil, bilgisiz, dikkate almayan) isminin fiil hali olan ignore kelimesini do ru cevap saymalyz. Yoksulluk, hibir hkmetin gz ard etme lksnn olmad bir sorundur.

ci

Bu tip altrmalarda, ncelikle cmledeki bo yeri parantez iindeki kelimenin hangi halinin (fiil, s fat, zarf, isim vs.) dolduraca na karar vererek ie balamal ve parantez iindeki kelimeyi buna gre tretmeliyiz. (Bazen bir kelimenin hem s fat, hem de fiil vs. halinin ayn olmas nedeniyle deiiklik gerekmeyebilir.)

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Soru

3.3. There has been a significant decrease in the annual milk -(YIELD) since most of the cows died because of the mad cow disease. 3.3. (Doru cevap yield: verim, kar, kazan, sonu, rn, retim) significant: kayda / dikkate de er, nemli, considerable, important, zt anl.= insignificant, unimportant decrease: azalma, dme, d, eksilme mad cow disease: deli dana hastal annual: ylda bir, her yl (dzenli olarak), yearly

zm

Soru

3.4. His face is (VAGUE) familiar but I cant exactly figure out when or where I have seen him before. 3.4. (Doru cevap vaguely: belli belirsiz, tam anlamn vermeyecek ekilde, ambiguously, zt anl.= clearly, explicitly.) familiar: alldk, bildik, tandk, aina, common, known, acquainted, zt anl.= unfamiliar figure out: (dnerek ve hesap yaparak cevab vs.) bulmak / ortaya karmak Vague kelimesi bir sfattr. Bu sfattan vaguely zarfn tretebileceimizi Hedef Kelimeler blmnde (25. kelime) grm tk. Boluu takip eden familiar s fatnn nne ise, bu s fat tanmlayacak bir zarf gelmelidir. Vaguely zarf n kullanarak, cmleye aadaki gibi bir anlam katabiliriz: Yz belli belirsiz tandk geliyor / Yzn hayal meyal hat rlyorum ama...

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24 w w w. b a d e m c i . c o m

neklerin ou deli dana hastal ndan ld iin, yllk st veriminde kayda deer bir d var.

ci

Yield kelimesini ister isim, ister fiil grevinde kullanal m, sonu deimez: yield (isim) yield (fiil). Yani, bu kelimenin isim ve fiil hali ayndr. Ancak yield kelimesini bo lukta fiil grevinde kullanamayacamz ak; nk cmlede zaten bir fiil var (has been). O halde bu kelimeyi isim grevinde d nmeliyiz. Yield isim grevinde olmak zere, soru cmlesinin evirisi a adadr:

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Soru

3.5. Tania refused to talk about her fathers death for a long time as she found the subject (UPSET). 3.5. (Doru cevap upsetting: zc, znt veren, sinir bozucu, annoying, hurtful, distressing, zt anl.= pleasing.) refuse: geri evirmek, kabul etmemek, reddetmek, turn down, reject, zt anl.= accept

zm

Bu soruda pasif yap da upset sfatn tercih edersek, konuyu zm(!) oluruz. Oysaki konu zm deil, zc / znt verici olmal dr. Bu da bizi aktif upsetting sfatna gtrr. Aadaki rnekte upset fiil olarak kullan lmtr:

upset the / somebodys apple cart = bir uval inciri berbat etmek

ALITIRMA 4. ZMLER Altrma 4.1.

Soru zm

4.1.A. He was dressed in shorts and a T-shirt. 4.1.A. (Doru cevap: casually: zensiz, geliigzel.) Arkadalar, bu kii kimse don-gmlek giyinmi! ok byk ihtimalle ya yazlktadr ya da yazla giden yoldad r. Bu tr bir giyim casual wear (gndelik / pejmrde k yafet) olarak bilinir ve bu ifadenin zarf hali de dress casually olur.

Soru

zm

.b

4.1.B. After knocking over the bottles on the table, the child went red and started to cry. 4.1.B. (Doru cevap: accidentally: kazara, yanllkla, tesadfen, unintentionally, zt anl.= deliberately.) knock over: arpp drmek / devirmek go red: (utantan) kzarmak ieleri devirdikten sonra ocu un yz kzarm ve zavall ocuk bir de alamaya balam. Bu durumda, ocukcaz ieleri yanllkla (accidentally) devirmitir sevgili arkadalar.

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Soru zm

4.1.C. The patients included in the research were chosen. 4.1.C. (Doru cevap: randomly: rasgele, belli bir plan ya da ynteme bal kalmakszn, haphazardly.)

Soru zm

4.1.D. She looked in anger at the books jammed in the shelves. 4.1.D. (Doru cevap: haphazardly: rasgele, geliigzel, rastlantsal, randomly, arbitrarily.)

.b
26 w w w. b a d e m c i . c o m

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shelf: raf

look in anger: hiddetle / k zgnlkla bakmak

jam: ititirip tktrmak, sktrmak, pile, pack Bu hanmn, kitaplarn dizili biiminden holanmad belli. Bu honutsuzluunu anlatmak iin randomlyden ziyade haphazardly zarfn tercih etmesi beklenir. Eer bu hanm inat eder, yine de randomly zarfn seerse, hem cmlenin ta d anlam gereksiz yere zorlam olur, hem de ayn zarf 4.1.Cde bir kez daha kullanmak zorunda kalr!

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Eer bir aratrmaya dahil edilen hastalar rastlant sal olarak seilmilerse, bu seimin yap l tarzn ngiliz dilinde ancak tek bir zarf ile anlatabilirsiniz: randomly. Eanlaml kelime olarak haphazardly burada i grmez. nk bu zarf ncelikle onaylanmayan, kabul grmeyen bir davran a iaret eder. 4.1.D. bunu ok gzel anlatan bir rnektir.

Altrma 4.2.
Soru 4.2.A. People tend to call all kinds of mental disorders schizophrenic. Therefore, the term schizophrenia is often . 4.2.A. (Doru cevap: misused: kt / yanl kullanmak, suiistimal etmek, kt muamele etmek, misapply, abuse.) tend to do smt: bir ey yapmaya e ilimli olmak mental disorder: zihinsel bozukluk, ak l hastal schizophrenia: izofreni

zm

schizophrenic: izofrenik, izofreni hastal ile ilgili

Soru zm

4.2.B. Dont let this incident your day.

4.2.B. (Doru cevap: spoil: bozmak, berbat / harap etmek, impair.) incident: (olaand, nemli ya da iddet ieren) olay A police spokesman said it was an isolated incident. Bir emniyet szcs, bunun mnferit bir olay oldu unu syledi. Soru cmlesinin Trkesi: Bu olay n gnn mahvetmesine izin verme.

Soru

zm

.b

4.2.C. She the childrens absence to tidy their room. 4.2.C. (Doru cevap: took advantage of: (bir ey)i frsat bilmek, (bir ey)den yararlanmak, smrmek, suiistimal etmek, abuse, capitalise.) Herhalde ocuklar baka zaman ieri girilmesine izin vermiyor olsalar gerek ki, anneleri, odalar n temizlemek iin onlarn yokluunu frsat bilmi (take advantage of ). Soru cmlesinde bu kelimenin eanlamls olarak abuse kullanlamaz ama aadaki gibi bir rnekte her iki kelime de birbirleri yerine geebilir: Mr Jones abused / took advantage of his position (makam) as Mayor (vali) to give jobs to his friends and relatives (akraba).

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ci

Bir kelimeyi yanl kullanmak abusedan ok misuse fiilinin ilgi alanna girer. Kelimeye yklemek istediiniz anlam ktye kullanmak, suiistimal etmek ise, ister abuse, ister misuse fiilini kullan n fark etmez. Ama soru cmlesinde bir terimin ( izofrenik) yanl / hatal kullanldndan sz edilmi. Bu durumu abuse fiili kesinlikle anlatamaz.

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Soru

4.2.D. The charity had been the donations until their corruption was uncovered by the media. 4.2.D. (Doru cevap: abusing: ktye kullanmak, suiistimal etmek, misuse, mistreat, spoil, zt anl.= defend, respect.) charity: yardm dernei donation: ba corruption: yolsuzluk, ahlaks zlk

zm

uncover: ortaya / meydana / a a karmak, reveal, unveil, zt anl.= cover

Altrma 4.3.
Soru

4.3.A. The airline company offered me a 25% discount on my next flight so as to the inconvenience theyd caused by postponing the flight. 4.3.A. (Doru cevap make up for: (kaybedilen veya eksik kalan bir eyi) tamamlamak, yerine koymak, kapatmak, telafi etmek, compensate for.) offer: sunmak, arz etmek, sa lamak, provide, present discount: indirim flight: uu so as to: (bir ey yapabil)mek iin, (bir ey yapa)cak ekilde, in order to inconvenience: rahatszlk, sknt postpone: ertelemek, put off Havayolu irketi bir sonraki uuta kullanlmak zere %25lik bir indirim sunmu. Peki, bu indirimin sebebi ne olabilir? irket uuu

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Bu soruda anahtar kelimemiz corruption: yolsuzluk. zc ama bir Trk vatanda olarak, bu anlam olumsuz kelime bize ok tandk geliyor! Soruda geen corruption kelimesi, kendisine elik edecek fiilin de olumsuz olmas n gerektiriyor. Elimizde kalan tek fiil: abuse. Cmlede kullanlan zamann past perfect continuous olmas gerek. Bu nedenle, do ru cevap abuse fiiline -ing eklemeliyiz: abusing. nemli not: Bu soruda, abuse yerine misuse kullanabilirsiniz. Ancak 4. 2. A.daki soruda misuse yerine abuse fiilini kesinlikle kullanamazsnz.

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iptal ederek verdi i rahatszl telafi etmek iin byle bir yola bavurmu olabilir. Elimizdeki drt fiilden make up for bize bu anlam salyor. So as to balacn takip eden fiili mastar halinde kullanmak gerektiinden herhangi bir tense de iiklii yapmaya gerek yoktur. We practised (al mak, pratik yapmak) the piano all weekend to make up for lost time (kayp / kaybettiimiz zaman).

promotion: terfi, atama instead: (bir eyin) yerine

Soru

zm

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4.3.C. I thought Id done pretty well in the Science exam. However, when the teacher told me that my score was 45 over 100, I couldnt why. 4.3.C. (Doru cevap make out: (bir eyin ne olduunu) kestirmek, karmak, semek, anlamak, zmek, perceive, understand.) do well: iyi yapmak, baarl olmak mark: not, puan

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pay rise: maa zamm / art Bir rnek daha:
29 w w w. b a d e m c i . c o m

Kyle ne yazk ki umduu terfiyi alamam. Bunun yerine maa na yaplan az bir zam ile yetinmi. Bu sorunun cevab olarak make use of aklnza gelmi olabilir. Ne var ki, Kylen maa zammndan yararlandn deil de, terfi yerine bu zamla idare etti ini sylemek doru olacaktr. Cmlemiz gemi zamanda ekildii iin cevabmz da made do with olur; Kyle da bu ekonomik krizde haline kreder. By the time I got to the movie theatre, all the tickets had been sold out (satlp tkenmek / bitmek) for the film I had been looking forward to (iple ekmek) watching, so I had to make do with another action movie.

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4.3.B. (Doru cevap made do with: (bir ey) ile yetinmek / idare etmek, subsist, get by.)

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Soru

4.3.B. Kyle wasnt able to get the promotion hed been hoping for; instead, he a small amount of pay rise.

om

Make up for ile bir rnek de bizden :

Cmleyi Trkeye evirdiimizde aadaki gibi bir anlam veriyor: Fen snavnn olduka iyi getiini dnmtm. Ancak retmen 100 zerinden 45 ald m syleyince, bunun nedenini anlayamad m. Geriye kalan iki fiilimiz var: rencilik gnlerinde, hatta birer yeti kin olduumuz u gnlerde bile bamza gelen bir durum: Bazen bir s nav gayet iyi gemiken, alnan dk bir not bir trl aklanamaz. Bu durumu en iyi anlatan, olumsuz not make out fiilidir. Couldnt yardmc fiilinden sonra gelen fiilde zaman de imez. Arkadalar, DS snavndan sonra benzer bir cmleyi sylemek zorunda kalmaman z dileriz! Bir make out rnei: The signature (imza) on the canvas (tuval) was so indistinct (silik) that none of the experts (uzman) were able to make out who the artist (ressam) was. Make out fiilinin dier anlamna (baarmak, be successful) bir rnek vererek, bu sorunun zmne bir nokta koyal m: Susan did her best to defeat (yenmek) breast cancer (gs kanseri). Unfortunately, she was too late to make out. make out make use of

Soru zm

4.3.D. The author was famous for figurative language in his novels. 4.3.D. (Doru cevap making use of: kullanmak, yararlanmak, utilise, benefit from , zt anl.= make no use of.) author: yazar, writer novel: roman Geriye make use of kald. Burada sz geen yazar, romanlar nda mecazi bir dil kullanmasyla nlym / nlenmi. Famous for + Ving kalbndaki for edat ndan tr cevap making use of olacaktr. (Hatrlatma: edat + Ving; difficulty in doing smt, dangers of travelling by air vs.) Famous for ile bir rnek: Venice (Venedik) and Amsterdam are famous for their water canals (su kanallar). Bir rnek de make use of iin: While studying biology at university, Helen made great use of her fathers experience (deneyim) in medicine (t p).

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figurative language: mecazi dil / slup

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