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1 1  b d   0 1
: !"
a + b c + d  1 0 .  "$ (U , × ) 
⇔ = 
a +b c + d  0 1
Corps :/$&
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:'( (3 :  %& )
%&  ( K ,*, Τ )   .2

:(1) ( ."$ ( K ,*) (*

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."$ K − {0 k } , Τ ) (*
./   C? K − {0 k }     . *     $  Τ (*
: (2
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k
2
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, +, × ) , ( , +, × ) , ( , +, × )   .1
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:(2) ( . ) (  p , +, × )  .
.  ( K , +, × )  x ≠ 0  .
:  p × x   x ≡/ 0 [ p ]  
p ∧ x = 1 '
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2
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:F V ‫و‬U   Bezout  %&
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pu + xv = 1
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−1
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a ≠ 0 k   %& (* .  ) ) x ≠ 0   %&
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b ≠ 0 k a = 0 k   %& (* .C (  p , +, × ) #

S = K '
b = 0k a = 0k   %& (* :(
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2

13
 :#) 
:(1) 
 f : →  
L= a  : 
 x → ax / a ∈  
.  C ( L, +, ο ) :( 
:(2) 
  a b  
E =  M ( a ,b ) =   / a, b ∈    
  −b a + b  
.  C ( E , +, × ) ( 

14