A

G u i d e

t o

P e r f e c t

E n g l i s h

P r o n u n c i a t i o n

There is no royal road to learning,

but there is a royal road to pronunciation learning.

, ,
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Gina Kim,
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2001 8 15

3
4
6
8

PART...1 15
Unit 1. (Accent)
Unit 2. 2 26
Unit 3. 30
Unit 4. 34
Unit 5. 38
Unit 6. 42

22

PART...2 47
Unit 1. 4 54
Unit 2. 58
Unit 3. 62

PART...3 67
Unit 1. 72
Unit 2. 76
Unit 3. [m] [n] [l] 80
Unit 4. [r] 84
Unit 5. 88
Unit 6. [j] 92

PART...4 97
Unit 1. 102
Unit 2. 106

PART...5 111
Unit 1. -
s (be) 116
Unit 2. -
ll, -
re () 120
Unit 3. -
d, -
ve (have)124
Unit 4. -n
t () 128

PART...6 133
Unit 1. 138
Unit 2. [m] [n] 142
Unit 3. [l] 146
Unit 4. 150

PART...7 155
Unit 1. 160
Unit 2. 164

PART...8 169
Unit 1. [r] 174
Unit 2. [l] 178
Unit 3. [w] 182
Unit 4. (1) - - 186
Unit 5. (2) - -190

PART...9 195
Unit 1. 200
Unit 2. 204
Unit 3. 208
: 213
: 229
1. 230
2. 232
3. 235

!
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35

23

12

23

36

1.

2.

3.
4.

5.
6.

7.

8.
9.


Unit .

Lets Listen

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EXERCISES

Unit 4 .

EXAMPLES


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EXAMPLES


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. 3 , 5, 6
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flower f p .
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1.

- .
) He told me that there was an accident.

.

2.

- ,
.
) Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
PART2 .

3.

- .
) Will you top it up? [to-pi-tup]
4.

- .
) Nice to meet you. [t]+[j][t]

[mi;tu]

5.

-is, has, will, not

.
) I knew youd come.
you had/would youd
6.

- .

) They all kept quiet. [ke(p)(t)kwit)]

7.

- .
) camera[kmr][km()r]
next week[neksw;k][neks(t)w;k]
8.

- .
) The child is clever. [klvr]
9.

- .
) heart[h;Rt]/ hurt[h;Rt] [;R]/[;R]
bees[bi;z]/ beads[bi;dz] [z]/[dz]
fly[flai]/ fry[frai] [l]/[r]
.

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COLUMN

<<<

Q&A ?
Q.
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A.
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6 (
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. 2,0003,000
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PART 1

<<<

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LET
S LISTEN
Bob :

<<<

You say youre an ex-con? And now youre working for the
government?

Timothy :
Bob :
Timothy :
Bob :
Timothy :
Bob :
Timothy :

Its an unbelievable story, isnt it?

But what do you do for them?
Surprisingly enough, I steal for them.
Do you know what youre saying?
That the government condones such behavior? Sure, I do.
What would you say if I told you you were despicable?
Listen. I always wanted to be an engineer. And Ive always
thought of myself as a patriot.

Bob :
Timothy :

And now youre combining the two?

Exactly. Call it a kind of reverse engineering, if you will.
: ?

: ?
: ?
: , .
: ?
: ? .
: ?
: , .

.
: ?
: .
.

Check-Point
(hearing) (speaking) Key
point.
. .
What do you do for them?

16

( )

.
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. (rhythm)
.
.
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.
.
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.
,
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,

.

.
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-- / -.
. .
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.
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(1)
.
(2) .
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17

PART 1

<<<


.
1) -

. .
() () .
2) - .

.
.
3) - .
.
4) -

.
.
, 3, 4
.
.
.

. .
5) - .


.

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, .

18


.
1) -

.
2) -

. .
.
.
3) (
) -
.

1. (

She wnted me to g.
1. me[mi;] [mi]
2. you[ju;] [ju]
She desn
t like you.
3. your[juRj;R] [jR]
It
s your wn fult.
4. he [hi;] [hi]
He d dn
t l ke it.
[i]
Hw did he d it?
5. his[hiz] [iz]
I
ve forgtten his addrss.
6. him[him] [im]
We ll l ke him.
7. she[ i ; ] [ i ]
Why does she knw that?
8. her[h;R] [hR]
Her ch ld is in the hspital.
[R]
She
s lst her hndbag.
9. we[wi;] [wi]
Tht
s what we d d.
10. us [<s] [s]
She wnted us to lave.
[s]
Lt
s d it nw.
11. them["em] ["m]
We wtched them rnning.
["m] I
ll se them in my ffice.
2. (

1. at[t] [t]
2. for[f;R] [fR]
3. from[fr<m] [frm]
4. of[<v] [v]
5. to[tu;] [tu]

[t]

19

PART 1

<<<

I
ll se you at the irport.
They were witing for the bs.
I
m hme from wrk.
The by is afrid of nimals.
He wnts to at.
We
d like to g.

3. (

)be

1. am[m] [m]

Am I wrng?

[m]
I
m dr ving hme.
2. are[;R] [R]
They are cming tomrrow.
3. is[iz] [z]
Jhn
s cming.
[s]
It
s clder than ysterday.
4. was[w<z] [wz]
There was n reply.
5. were[w;R] [wR]
The qustions were d fficult.
6. be[bi;] [bi]
It wn
t be lng.
7. been[bi;n] [bin]
We
ve been wtching the ply.
8. have[hv] [hv]
Have you f nished?
[v]
The ch ldren have gne.
[v]
I
ve forgtten.
9. has[hz] [hz]
Has he cme?
[z]
Wh ch has been bst?
[z]
The rin
s stpped.
[s]
The ct
s aten the f sh.
10. had[hd] [hd]
Had they gne?
[d]
Wht had she fund?
[d]
If nly I
d knwn.
11. do[du;] [du]
Do ll of you agre?
[d]
Wht do they sy?
12. does[d<z] [dz]
Whn does it arr ve?
13. can[kn] [kn]
Wht can I d nw?
[kn]
You can trst her.
14. could[kud] [kd] could have hlped her.
15. must[m<st] [mst] I must pen the w ndow.
[ms] You must try hrder.
16. shall[l] [()l] Shall we lave at tn?
17. should[ud] [()d]Whre should we kep it?
18. will[wil] [l]
He
ll be lte as sual.
19. would[wud] [wd] Would you l ke some mre?
[d] Wht would hppen?
[d] I
d be del ghted to.

20

4. ( ), (
1. an[n] [n]
2. some[s<m] [s()m]
3. and[nd] [nd]

[n]
[n]
4. but[b<t] [bt]
5. as[z] [z]
6. than ["n] ["n]
7. there["eR] ["R]
8. who [hu;] [u]
9. that["t] ["t]

I ned an nvelope.
I ned some w ne for coking.
Hm and ggs.
He
s tll and th n.
Brad and btter.
Lst but not last.
Jst as you l ke.
Th s is b gger than tht.
There mst be a mistke.
There
s a mn who wnts to se you.
I bel eve that it
s tre.

21

PART 1

<<<

), ( )

Unit 1

(Accent) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

. forward
for, police -lice .
.

Examples
1

1. forward

2. pattern

3. police

4. prefer

5. average

6. generous

7. contribute

8. important

9. recommend

10. introduce

11. comfortable

12. ultimately

13. unfortunate

14. comparison

15. sentimental

16. calculation

17. examinee

18. concessionaire

1. politics

political

2. intellect

intelligence

3. democrat

democracy

4. benefit

beneficent

1. conduct

conduct

2. insult

insult

3. export

export

4. permit

permit

5. escort

22

escort

6. frequent

frequent

politician

intellectual

democratic

beneficial

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(1) . (EXAMPLES I)
a)
.
(root)
.
b) EXAMPLES I 14 2, 510 3, 1118 4
. 2 2, 3
3, 4 4 .

(2) . (EXAMPLES )
origin original originality
category categorical categorization

(3) . (EXAMPLES )

import() / import()
increase() / increase()
overflow() / overflow()
content() / content()

(4)
a) 2 3
.
b) 2()

.
1
2 .(
2 )
intellectual
Jack is an intellectual person.

overflow

The river overflowed.

23

<<<

PART 1

c) 2
.

EXERCISES

<<<

1. , .
1. diplomat

diplomacy

diplomatic

2. hypocrite

hypocrisy

hypocritical

3. mechanism

mechanical

mechanician

4. telegraph

telegraphy

telegraphic

5. photograph

photographer

photographic

6. human

humanity

humanistic

7. idea

ideology

ideological

8. competence

competitor

competition

9. person

personify

personality

personification

methodical

methodology

methodological

10. method

2. , .
her technique.

1. She practiced hard to

2. Japanese farm
competition.

came under pressure from foreign

3. He told me that your

at school has improved.

4. Try to

the final word.

5. Their

effort brought success.

6. The children went to bed without

7. She

herself with listening to the

8. The children are hopelessly

9. His sudden visit caused quite an
10. The doctor said that shes

46page

to the family computer.

.
nicely.

<<<

,
. .
.

1. [dplmt][diplumsi][dpltik]
2. [hpkrit][hipkrsi][hpkRtik()l]
3. [mknz()m][mknik()l][mkn+()n]
4. [tlgRf][tlgrfi][tlgrfik]
5. [futgrf][ftgrfR][futgrfik]
6. [hj;mn][hju(;)mnti][hj;mnstik]
7. [aid(;)][idild,i][idild,ik()l]
8. [kmpit()ns][kmptitR][kmpit()n]
9. [p;Rs()n][p(;)Rsnfi][p;rsnlti][p;Rsnfki()n]
10. [m^d][m^dik()l][m^dld,i][m^dld,ik()l]
1. perfect[pRfkt] / [p;Rfikt]
2. produce[prd(j)u;s|pRdju;s] / [prd(j);s]
3. conduct[knd<kt|kn-] / [knd=kt]
4. accent[ksent][ksnt] / [ksent][ks()nt]
5. concerted[kns;Rtid] / [kns(;)Rt] / [kns;Rt]
6. protest[prutest] / [prtst] *

[prutest]

7. contented[kntntid] / [kntent] / [kntnt]

record[rkRd|rk;d] / [rik;Rd]
8. addicted[dktid] / [dikt] / [dkt]
9. upset[=pset] / [<pst]
10. progressing[prgrsi\] / [prgres]() [prugres]()

Unit 2

2 <<<<<<

birthday party , apple pie

. darkroom() dark room( )
. 2
.

Examples
1

01. birthday party

02. piano concert
03. chewing gum
04. fire engine
05. typewriter ribbon
06. coffee grinder
07. railway station
08. sleeping bag
09. brain death
10. homework
2

01. apple pie

02. prime minister
03. sea breeze
04. city hall
05. lace curtain
06. second class
07. the Red Cross
08. spring bed
09. public servant
10. black box
3

01. a) darkroom()

b) dark room(

02. a) greenhouse()

b) green house(

03. a) hot plate(

b) hot plate(

04. a) freehand(

b) free hand()

)
)

05. a) copperplate()

b) copper plate(

06. a) grandmother()

b) grand mother(

26

)
)

1 , 2
.

(stress) ()
.
.
.
.
2
.

. ,
.

.
.
.
(beat) (pulse)
.
.

.
.
.

.
.
.

27

PART 1

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1.
.
1. kitchen sink

2. orange juice

3. morning paper

4. morning glory

5. night school

6. night watchman

7. night shift

8. nighttime

9. summer weather

10. summertime

11. waterfall

12. table tennis

13. paper napkin

14. fellow citizen

15. star player

16. snowman

17. home run

18. office girl

19. jackknife

20. cross-examine

2. ( )
.
, .
1. Can I use the white board?

( / )

2. Where did you buy the gold fish?

( / )

3. Put the newspapers in the paper bag.

4. They exchanged cross words.
5. Do you mean a green belt?
6. We need a strong box.

( / )

( / )

( / )

( / )

7. We saw a few black birds in the park. (

8. Hes in that moving van.

( / )

9. Id like to meet that dancing girl. (

10. Put it in the glass case, please.

46page

/ )

/ )

( / )

<<<

blackboard(), grandfather(), credit card(), bird

watching( ), lifestyle( ), air-condition(
) .
,
. (
) . (: a red car)

1.
3.
5.
7. ,
9.
11.
13.
15.
17.
19.

1. white board / whiteboard

2. goldfish / gold fish
3. paper bag / paper bag
4. cross words / crosswords
5. greenbelt / green belt
6. strongbox / strong box
7. blackbirds / black birds
8. moving van / moving van
9. dancing girl / dancing girl
10. glass case / glass case

2.
4.
6.
8.
10.
12.
14.
16.
18.
20.

<<<<<<

.
. sleeping bag(
) , . sleeping bag

.
.

Unit 3

<<<<<<<

.
, . ,
.

Examples
1

1. Give it to him.

2. Ive heard of it.

3. I can see it.

1. Put it on the desk.

2. It used to be mine.

3. I dont believe you.

1. Ill make it hotter, if you like.

2. Im sure that he wants to buy it.

3. I wanted to meet her again.

I cant forget the things she said.

I suppose you want me to bring it back tonight.

30

. .
1 , , , , ,
(content words: )
. , , , ,
(function words:
) .
* , , ,
,
.
Certainly.() Sure.()

Yes.() You.() Me?()

1 .
.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

9.
10.
11.

ll give you a call.

I spoke to her by phone. / I
What do you want? / I wrote a letter to her.
It was a sad story. / She
s a good driver.
I went there with my friend. / There she goes.
When did he come? / What did she say?
(mine, yours, his, hers, theirs, etc.)
His is on the table. / Is this bag yours?
(this, that, these, those etc.)
What
s that? / This is my brother.
, (each, few, some, both, one, two,
three, etc.)
We are some of it. / She bought two boxes of chocolates.
(no, not)
No smoking. / I
m feeling no better. / I
m not coming.
Oh dear! / Gosh, I
m hungry. / My goodness!
It
s me. / Why should I? /
You don
t like it, do you?

31

PART 1

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. , .
1. Ive

for it.

2. They

it from me.

3. Hes at

4. They were
5.

ones.

she

6. Its

7. Hes

8. Its

all

9. Im

my

10. I

is

it was an

11. Youd
12. I

be as

as you

be

if they

.
.

13.

it.

14. He

to

to

15. She
what I
and

18. Its the

19. Id
20. I

and

16. Its
17.

at

.
to

you about.

what the
of
a

.
to the

I can

46page

that I

to

21. Wed

in the

to
to

you to

.
in the

<<<

.
.

.

01. Ive (paid) for it.

02. They (took) it from me.
03. Hes at (home).
04. They were (new) ones.
05. (Wheres) she (from)?
06. Its (no) (good).
07. Hes (fast) (asleep).
08. Its (quite) all (right).
09. Im (afraid) my (son) is (ill).
10. I (thought) it was an (excellent) (idea).
11. Youd (best) be as (quick) as you (can).
12. I (shouldnt) be (surprised) if they (forget).
13. (David) (simply) (cant) (bear) it.
14. He (has) to (go) to (work) at (seven).
15. She (sat) (tight) and (didnt) (move).
16. Its (not) what I (wanted) to (ask) you about.
17. (Come) and (see) what the (cat) (did) in the (kitchen).
18. Its the (kind) of (film) that I (simply) (cant) (enjoy).
19. Id (like) to (place) a (call) to the (United) (States).
20. I (think) I can (convince) (Joan) to (come) (along).
21. Wed (also) (like) to (invite) you to (take) (part) in the (game).

Unit 4

<<<<<<<

. .
.

Examples
1

1. Come.

2. Come to tea.

3. Come to tea with John.

4. Come to tea with John and Mary.

5. Come to tea with John and Mary at ten.

1. Thank you.

2. Thank you very much

3. Thank you very much for everything.

4. Thank you very much for everything that you did for us.

1. Im amused.

2. Im amused by the man.

3. Im amused by the man and his jokes.

4. Im amused by the man and his funny jokes.

5. Im amused by the man and his very funny jokes.

34

.
,

, (stress-timed languages) .
(stress timing) .
.
,
.
.
1. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H

2. Give it to me this morning and I

ll finish it by this evening.

a) 1. 2. .(1. 8,
2. 16) 1. 2. 2 .(1. 8
2 4). 1. 2. 2
.
b) 1. A, B, C
1, 2, 3, 4 . 2.
4 12 .
,
.
(syllable-timed languages)
,
(syllable timing) . 1)
. 10 2) . 5 1 2 2
.
.
EXAMPLES ,, .
.

35

PART 1

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
1. a) Ill

you.

b) Ill

you the

c) Ill

you the

of my

2. a)

was

b)

was

with the

c)

was

with the

for

3. a)

wont you

b)

wont you

until

c)

wont you

the

until

, when hes

4. a) She

the

b) She

the

c) She

the

in the

the

d) She

in the

with him.

5. a) Shes in
b) Shes

in

with him.

c) Shes

in

with an

d) Shes

in

with an

e)

46page

in

with an

.
.
.

<<<

.
.

a) Ill (show) you.

b) Ill (show) you the (photo).
c) Ill (show) you the (photo) of my (family).

a) (I) was (annoyed).

b) (I) was (annoyed) with the (man).
c) (I) was (annoyed) with the (man) for (beating) the (dog).

a) (Why) wont you (wait)?

b) (Why) wont you (wait) until (Friday)?
c) (Why) wont you (wait) until (Friday), when hes (back)?

a) She (consoled) the (child).

b) She (consoled) the (weeping) (child).
c) She (consoled) the (weeping) (child) in the (park).
d) She (couldnt) (consoled) the (weeping) (child) in the (park).

a) Shes in (love) with him.

b) Shes (fallen) in (love) with him.
c) Shes (fallen) in (love) with an (artist).
d) Shes (fallen) in (love) with an (artist) (again).
e) (Elizabeths) (fallen) in (love) with an (artist) (again).

Unit 5

<<<<<<<<<<<

.
. Tom looks as if he were
tired.( ) as if he were .

Examples
1

1. Tom looks tired.

2. Tom looks as if he were tired.

1. I think he wants to leave.

2. I think that he wants us to leave.

1. Ill take him there tomorrow.

2. Ill take him to school tomorrow.

3. Ill take him to the concert tomorrow.

4. Ill take him to the recital tomorrow.

1. A

2. A and

3. A and a

C and

B and a

4. A and then a

B and

B and then a

C and then a

1. She was in a bad temper this morning.

2. Lets invite them to the party.

3. Bills not sure if he can afford it.

4. He told me that there was an accident.

38

C and a

,
.
.

,
. ( , )
.
.
.

.
.
.
(1) stress 1 4
. springs 1 4
. .
(2) Tom looks as if he were tired. Tom looks as if he were
tired. .
.
. ,
.
as, if, he, were 4
. Tom looks
, looks as if he were
. tired
. .
,
. .
.

.

39

PART 1

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. , .
1. a) I want to know.
b) I wanted him to know.
c) I wanted him to forget.
d) I wanted him to be a doctor.
e) I wanted him to be a musician.
f) I wanted him to be an engineer.

2. a) See you later.

b) See you tomorrow.
c) See you in the evening.
d) See you in the afternoon.

3. a) He hit the man.

b) He hit him in the stomach.

2. ,
.
1. I really think that it was a very good idea.
2. I think that it was his own idea.
3. Peter apologized for his temper and his impatience.
4. Please extend to her our sincere sympathies.
5. Take care of him for me, wont you?
6. Ill see what I can come up with.
7. I was most grateful to him for his help and advice.

46page

2 ( )
. .
1. a) I want to know.
b) I wanted him to know.
c) I wanted him to forget.
d) I wanted him to be a doctor.
e) I wanted him to be a musician.
f) I wanted him to be an engineer.

2. a) See you later.

b) See you tomorrow.

c) See you in the evening.
d) See you in the afternoon.
3. a) He hit the man.
b) He hit him in the stomach.

<<<

17
. , .
1. I really think that it was a very good idea.
2. I think that it was his own idea.
3. Peter apologized for his temper and his impatience.
4. Please extend to her our sincere sympathies.
5. Take care of him for me, wont you?
6. Ill see what I can come up with.
7. I was most grateful to him for his help and advice.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Unit 6

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

,
. (weak forms). I
know you like it. you ju ju j .

Examples
1 (

1. I know you like it.

2. Wheres your car?

3. He said he came

2 be(

2. He is from Canada.

4. Give it to Tom.

1. Hes tall and thin.

2. I bought some stamps.

3. This is better than that.

42

4 (

8. What would you say?

3. They left for school.

6. You can trust him.

1. Id like a cup of tea.

4. The boys have gone.

7. We must go.
3 (

5. What had she found?

2. There was no answer.

3. They were all afraid.

8. I bought them drinks.

1. They are tired.

)(

6. Whats she saying?

7. I met her yesterday.

4. Whats his name?

5. Call him back!

4. I know that its true.

1 ,
.

1.
I dont like them. / Where
s your car?
Tell me what you
ve done. / One never knows.
2. be

(ought, need, dare, used )

There was no reply. / Where are we going?
What do they say? / Ask him if he can come.

3.
It
s on the table. / I
m from Japan.
There were four of us. / They waited for two hours.

4.
This is the book (which / that) I wanted.
Anyone who / that does that must be mad.

5.
It was snowing when we arrived.
He ran and ran. / I would like to go, but I can
t.

6.
This is better than that. / Bill
s as strong as an ox.
Would you like some tea?( )
There are some letters for you.( there)
() .

1. ( )
It
s for you to decide. / It
s your turn now. / In my country...

2.
Tom, what are you doing? / This is the book to read.

3.
It
s on the table (not under the table). / I can and will do it.

4. be
I don
t think he can. / Where have you been?

5. , .
Where were you? / How is she? / How are you? / Why should I?

6.
Must you? / Have you? / Did she?

Do you like it? / Can you come?

43

<<<

PART 1

7.

EXERCISES

<<<

1. , .
1.

call

2.

all

3.

both quick

4.

accurate.

copies

5.

think

6. Give

pass

exams?

milk, please.

7. I believe

America.

8. What time
9.

office.

going

older

10.

leave?

think.
do

told.

2. , .
1. The

died

2.

uncle.
away

3.

any chance

arrives.
able

go
4. Ill

through

secretary.

5.
back.
6. Hard work

road

7. Everyone

time
.

66page

success.

<<<

1
.
01. There
s a[-] for you[]
02. It
s for[] of us[]
03. She war[] and[]
04. There was some[] in the[] in the [inni] .
05. Do you[] she
ll[] her []
06. them some[] please
.
07. She
s from[]
08. are we[] to[] [, ]
.
09. He
s[] than you[]
10. You must[] as you are[-]

2
01. man who[-] was my[ ]
02. I
m afraid I
ll be[] When he[ -]
03. Would you by[] with them[]
04. put you[]
05. I would appreciate it[] if he could call me
[-]
06. put him on the[]
07. belived it at the[-]

EXERCISES

24 page
11.
.
12.
.
13.
.
14. .
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
10.
.
28 page
11. ?
12. ?
13. .
14. .
15. ?
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
10. .
32 page
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. ?
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. 7 .
15. .
16.
.
17.
.
18. .

46

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

19. .
20.
.
21.
.
36 page
1. a) .
b) .
c) .
2. a) .
b) .
c) .
3. a) ?
b) ?
c) ?
4. a) .
b) .
c) .
d)
.
5. a) .
b) .
c) .
d) .
e) .
40 page

1. a) .
b) .
c) .
d) .
e) .
f) .
2. a) .
b) .
c) .
d) .
3. a) .
b) .

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. ?
6. .
7. .

PART 2

<<<

LET
S LISTEN
Nancy :You
Patrick :
Nancy :
Patrick :
Nancy :
Patrick :
Nancy :
Patrick :
Nancy :
Patrick :
Nancy :
Patrick :

<<<

know what I just heard?

No, what?
Richard and Christine won the state lottery!
Youre kidding! Who told you that?
Karen. She said they won over two million dollars!
They didnt!
Yes. They bought a new house and two new cars...
I dont believe it!
And theyre leaving next week on a trip around the world.
Its not true!
It is, too! Whats the matter with you? Why wont you believe me?
I believe you, I believe you!
: , ?

: , ?
: () !
: ! ?
: . 2 .
: .
: , .
: .
: .
: !
: ! ? ?
: , . .

Check-Point
. ( )
.
You know what I just heard?

48

It
s not what he said, but the way he said it.
( .)
.
.
, ,
, (),
. .
.
.
No. . 1 2
.
No. ( - .)
No? ( - ?)
( - )
. .
,
.

49

<<<

PART 2

1. (
)
,,,
.
.
What
s the time?( )
What
s the time?( )
What
s the time?( ? )
What
s the time?( )
what
s , What
s , time
.

 .
.

.
,


.
.

.
.

2.
.

( ) .
(1) a) I was very tired. ( .)
b) I was very tired. ( .)
*a) b) tired very .
.
(2) a) Here
s my book. ( .)
b) Here
s my book. ( .)
c) Here
s my book. ( .)
* book, my, Here
s ,
.

50

3.
, ,
.
(1) a) Isn
t she like her mother? ( ?)
* . mother
.
b) This is yours. ( ?)
* your .
c) You must be back by ten. (10 .)
* must
.
(2) a) He is coming on Sunday, isn
t he?
b) He is coming on Sunday, isn
t he?
*a) ()?
. .
b) , ?
. .

51

PART 2

<<<


(=form) .
1. --

. ,
, ,
.

.
4

.
.
( ) (
) .

. .
(1) a) Yes. ( - )
b) Yes. (? - )
c) Yes. (, . - )
d) Yes. (, .-
)
(2) a) Mary. (, .)
b) Mary.(, ? ?)
c) Mary.(, . ?)
d) Mary.(, !)
* ( ) Mary
, .
(3) a) I didn
t go because I was bored. (bored :
- .)
b) I didn
t go because I was bored. (bored :
.)

52

2.

.
.
(1) Who is the lady over there? ( )
Who is the lady over there? ( ? -
)
(2) Jack also wrote (to) Jill today. ( .)
Jack also wrote (to) Jill today. ( .)
Jack also wrote (to) Jill today. ( .)
Jack also wrote (to) Jill today. ( .)
3.
.
, ,
.

.
(1) a) Hes going, is he? ( ? ?)
b) Hes going, is he? ( . -
.
)
(2) a) I know his son, Bill. ( , .)
b) I know his son, Bill. ( .)
*a) . b)
.
.


.

53

PART 2

<<<

Unit 1

4 <<<<<<

4 () .
1. ()
2. ()
3. ()
4. ()
() .

Examples
1

1. a) Whats the time? ()

b) Whats the time? ()
2

1. a) Are you happy? ()

b) Are you happy? ()
3

1. a) I know Mary. ()
b) I know Mary. ( )
4

1. a) Give her a chance. ()

b) Give her a chance. ( )
5

1. a) Oh! ()
b) Oh! ()
c) Oh! ( )
6

1. a) She could do. ()

b) She could do. ()
c) She could do. ( )
d) She could do. ( )

1. a) ? ( )
b) ? ( )
2. a) ? ( )
b) ? ()
3. a) . ()
b)
4. a) . ( )
b) ( )
.

54

5. a) !()
b) ?( ?)
c) ?(?)
6. a) . ()
b) ?
c) . (?)
d) !

,
.
.
, .
. .
.
.
.
.

.
.

. = (
) , (=) .
(1) () .
(2) () .
(3) () .
(4) () .
4
. 4 .
.
(level pitch)
.
.
.
2
.

.
.
.
. .

55

PART 2

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
. ?
1. a) Thats OK.
b) Thats OK.
c) Thats OK.
d) Thats OK.
2. a) I think thats a dreadful play.
b) I think thats a dreadful play.
3. a) I like it.
b) I like it.
4. a) John isnt here yet.
b) John isnt here yet.
5. a) On Monday!
b) On Monday!
c) On Monday!
6. a) Its very fast.
b) Its very fast.
7. a) He doesnt speak to anybody.
b) He doesnt speak to anybody.
8. a) Look at the time.
b) Look at the time.
9. a) I beg your pardon.
b) I beg your pardon.

<<<

4 ,
.
1. a) O.K. .
b) O.K.( .)
.
c) O.K. Thats OK, but. .
d) O.K.( ) . .
.
2. a) dreadful .
.
b) dreadful . .
3. a) I ( ) .
.
b)
I

4. a) here .
b) here ?
5. a) Monday?
b) Monday?
c) Monday, ?( . .)
6. a) fast
.
b) fast ( .)
7. a) anybody .
b) anybody .
8. a) time .
b) time
, ?(!)
9. a) pardon , .
b) pardon ?

Unit 2

<<<<<<<

.
. ,
.

Examples
1

a) This is what I meant.

b) This is what I meant.
2

a) She didnt feel herself.

b) She didnt feel herself.
3

a) All the boys sing well.

b) All the boys sing well.
c) All the boys sing well.
d) All the boys sing well.
4

a) The lesson was very boring.

b) The lesson was very boring.
c) The lesson was very boring.
d) The lesson was very boring.
5

a) Is there a bigger one?

b) Is there a bigger one?
6

a) Put it on the desk.

b) Put it on the desk.

1. a) .
b) ,
.
2. a) .
b) ( )
.
3. .
a)

b)

c)

d)

4. .

58

a)

b)

c)
.

d)

5. a) ?( )
b) ? .
( )
6. .
a)

b)

,
,
. , ()

. .

. ( )
(
) .
(given
information), (new information)
. ,
4 . .
(1) a) I work in a bank. ( .)

?
. .
,
.
b) I work here.( .)

?
.(= .)
. Here
.
(2) a) I came because she told me.( .)

?
. .

. told .
b) I came, because she told me.( .)

? ? ?
.
. .
.

.
.

59

PART 2

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
. ?
1. a) Im coming.
b) I am coming.
c) Im coming.
2. a) I have plans to leave.
b) I have plans to leave.
3. a) The play was extremely dull.
b) The play was extremely dull.
c) The play was extremely dull.
d) The play was extremely dull.
4. a) You must go.
b) You must go.
c) You must go.
5. a) Doesnt John live here?
b) Doesnt John live here?
c) Doesnt John live here?
d) Doesnt John live here?
6. a) All cats dont like dogs.
b) All cats dont like dogs.
7. a) Can you put it on the hot plate?
b) Can you put it on the hot plate?

<<<

1. a) coming
. . .
b) am ! ? .
c) Im .
.
2. a) leave ( .)
b) plans ( .)
3. a) dull .
b) extremely .
c) was ( .)
.
d) play
. . (
) .
4. a) go . .
b) must
() .
.
c) You
( ) .
.
5. a) here ?
b) live ?
c) John ?
d) Doesn

t
? ?
. . .
6. a) dogs ( .)
b) All ( .) *
7. a) plate ?
b) hot
.

Unit 3

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

. forward
for , police lice .

.

Examples
1

a) I didnt come because she told me.

b) I didnt come because she told me.
c) I didnt come because she told me.
d) I didnt come because she told me.
2

a) My sister who is in London is getting married.

b) My sister who is in London is getting married.
3

a) Peters been here, hasnt he?

b) Peters been here, hasnt he?
c) Peters been here, has he?
d) Peters been here, has he?
4

a) He died a rich man.

b) He died, a rich man.
5

a) Would you like beer or wine?

b) Would you like beer or wine?
6

a) Ill leave tomorrow, after the conference.

b) Ill leave tomorrow, after the conference.

1. a) .
()
b)
.()
c)
.( )
d)
.
2. a) .
b) .
3. a) , ? ()

62

b) , ?()
c) ?()
d) ? ( )
4. a) .
b) ,
5. a)
?
b) ?
6. a) () .
b) .

, TV
,
.

.
.

.

.
.
,
.

.
1. a) .
b) .
c) It wasnt because she told me that I came.

. told
.
d) .
2. a) .
b) .
3. a) ?
.
b) , ? .
c), ? ? .
d) .
?
.
4. a) a rich man S + V + CC() .
b) a rich man He .
5. a) . Which? .
b) ? Yes or no? .
6. a) .
b) .

63

PART 2

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
.
1. a) Theres another one in the cupboard.
b) Theres another one in the cupboard.
c) Theres another one in the cupboard.
d) Theres another one in the cupboard.
2. a) Ill call my brother the psychiatrist.
b) Ill call my brother, the psychiatrist.
3. a) You did it, didnt you?
b) You did it, didnt you?
c) You did it, did you?
d) You did it, did you?
4. a) She died a happy woman.
b) She died, a happy woman.
5. a) Did you go by car or by train?
b) Did you go by car or by train?
6. a) I burned old magazines and newspapers.
b) I burned old magazines and newspapers.
7. a) She washed and brushed her hair.
b) She washed and brushed her hair.
8. a) Its me, John.
b) Its me, John.
9. a) He can read and write, too.
b) He can read and write, too.

<<<

1. a) cupboard( .) cupboard .
b) another( .) cupboard .
c) another, cupboard ( .) another .
cupboard (
) .
d) another, cupboard . ( ). .
2. a) psychiatrist .
.
b) brother, psychiatrist .
. .
3. a) You, didnt ? ?.
b) You didnt ?
c) You, did ?(? .) .
d) You ?(?) .
4. a) woman . a happy woman S+V+ C
C() .
b) died, woman . .
.
5. a) car, train ? ?
b) car, train , ? ?
6. a) newspaper . .
b) magazines, newspaper .
.
7. a) hair .
b) washed, hair( ), .
8. a) me, . .
b) me John, . .
9. a) too( ) .
b) read, too .

EXERCISES

44 page

11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. ?
16. .
17. .
18. ?
19. .
10. .

11. .
12. .
13. ?
14. .
15.
.
16. .
17. .
74 page
11. .
12. . 1
13. .
14. .
15. ! !
16. .
17.
.
18.
.
19. 2, 3 .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15.
.
16.
.
17. ?
18.
.
19. .
20.
21. .

66

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

78 page
11. ?
12. 6 .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
10. .
11. .
12. 40 .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .()
20. .
21.
.
22. ?
82 page
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. ?
17. .
18. ?
19. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. () .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
20. 2
.
21. .
22. .

PART 3

<<<

.
.

LET
S LISTEN
Jim :
Mike :
Jim :
Mike :
Jim :
Mike :
Jim :
Mike :
Jim :
Mike :

<<<

The boss is on vacation, and the sheep are playing in the fields.
What are you talking about?
Come on. Do you think anybodys done any work since hes been gone?
When you put it that way...
You see? Im absolutely right.
Maybe youve got me there.
I think Ill take a break.
Another one?
Its not like I havent done any work today.
No, but lets put it this wayyour work breaks have been a lot
shorter than your rest breaks.
: .

: ?
: , .
: .
: ? .
: , .
: .
: ?
: .
: . .

Check-Point
.
.
.
Boss is on bo-ssi-son
sheep are shee-pare

68

,

.

.
.
,
.

. .
.
.
.
.
, Will you top it up?( )
. top it up
to-pi-tup[] .
.

69

PART 3

<<<

 ,

.
, .

.
.
1. [p][t][k] ,
[i][e][a]
- .
2. +
- [w] [ j ]
.

70

<<<

COLUMN

Q&A ?
Q.
,
.
?
?
A.
.
.
.
(1) ?
(2) ?
?
(3) ?
, ?
(3) .

, . ,
.

? 2,000 20003000
.
.
.

.
. , 3000
(3) .

Unit 1

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

top it up to-pi-tup .
. + +
.

Examples
01. Will you top it up?
02. Let me top up your drink.
03. Theres a crack in this glass.
04. Will you read it again?
05. Im booked up until September.
06. I think Ill take a bath.
07. Ive put on weight.
08. I like all sorts of books.
09. She had a sad expression.
10. There was a change in the program.
11. Its in the garden. Fetch it for me.
12. She felt a tap on her shoulder.
13. Dont count on me for that.
14. Thats a lot of nonsense.
15. Lets keep in touch.
16. We can work it out.

11. .
12. .
13. .
14. ?
15. 9 .
16. .
17. .
18. .

72

19. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .

[p][t][k][b][d][g] 6 .
.
(1) , ,
2 . .
(2)
, ()
. , .
(3) put it on put it on , pu-ti-ton []
, putiton 3 (
puti ton 2) .
(4) .
[tr][dr][t][d,][ts][dz] .
[t][d,][ts][dz] .
-s -(e)s
.
George is[d,;Rd,iz] George
s[d,;Rd,iz]
church is[t;Rtiz] church
s / churches[t;Rtiz]
01. top it up[tpit=p|tp-]
02. top up your[tp=pjR|tp-]
03. crack in[krkin]
04. read it again[r;ditgn]
05. booked up until[bkt=pntil]
06. think I
ll[^\kail] , take a[tik]
07. put on[ptn|-n]
08. like all[lik;l] , sorts of[s;Rtsv] -
09. had a[hd] , sad expression[sdikspr()n]
10. change in[tind,in]
11. It
s in[itsn] , Fetch it[ftit]
12. felt a [flt], tap on[tpn|-n]
13. count on[kuntn|-n] [tn] [nn] .
14. That
s a["ts] , lot of[ltv|lt-]
15. keep in[k;pin]
16. work it out[w;Rkitut]

73

PART 3

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. , .
01. She

whole

candies.

02. She dropped the

03. He

.
a

04.

pieces, please.

05.

! Turn the

06. I wont

your time.

07. I hope he

08. He

work to
after his illness.

09. I

few hours every day for reading.

10. I

fine.

11. They

well.

12. We have to

detail.

13. Lets get things

the right track.

14. No one

place.

15. Im not very

classical music.

16. I dont want to be

the wheel.

17. Did you

the report?

18. Japanese rarely

controversial

issues.
19. The traffic will
20. Hes
21. Do try to

66page

few minutes.
his

.
trouble.

<<<

01. ate a[it] , bag of[bgv] ate [et]( )

.
02. cup and broke it[k=pnbrukit]
03. put on [ptn|-n], French accent[frntks()nt]

04. Cut it up into[k=tit=pint]

05. Put it off[putit(;)f] , light off[lit(;)f]

06. take up much of[tik=pm=tv]

07. wont eat it up[wunt;tit=p]
08. had a lot of[hdltv|-lt-] ,
catch up on[kt=pn|-n]
09. set aside a[stsid]
10. hope itll work out[hupitlw;Rkut]
11. hit it off[htit(;)f]
12. map it out in[mpitutin]
13. back on[bkn|-n]
14. seemed out of[s;mdutv]
15. up on[=pn|-n]
16. just a cog in[d,=stkgin|-kg-]
17. hand in[hndin]
18. take a stand on[tikstndn|-n]
19. let up in a[let=pn]
20. back on[bkn|-n] , feet again[f;tgen] ,
on (h)is[niz|niz]
21. keep out of[k;putv]

Unit 2

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

boss is out bo-ssi-sout [] .

+ .

Examples

01. The boss is out.

02. The brush is in the cupboard.
03. That class is easy.
04. He is on vacation.
05. She gave a smile.
06. I have a toothache.
07. I must give up smoking.
08. He has Saturdays off.
09. I saw a flash of lightning.
10. Who was elected?
11. Its as cold as ice.
12. The babys asleep.
13. Enough is enough.
14. Hes as strong as ever.
15. He drove off suddenly.
16. They eat fish on Fridays.

11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .

76

19. .
10. ?
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .

9 . [f][v][^]["][s][z][][,][h]
[h] . [,]
, beige[bei,], camouflage[kmfl;,],
garage[gr;,gr;,], rouge[ru;,] .
7 .

.
.
(1) [f][v][^]["] .(
)
(2) ,
. [s] + is, [ ] + is
, -s
.
Alex is[liksiz] Alex
s[liksiz]
Dennis is[dnisiz] Dennis
s[dnisiz]
fish is[fiz] fish
s[fiz] / fishes[fiz]
dish is[diz] dishes[diz]
prince is[prnsiz] prince
s[prnsiz] / princes[prnsiz]
["b(;)siz] (a) The boss is (b) The boss
s (c) The
bosses 3 , .
01. boss is out[b(;)sizut]
02. brush is in[br=izin]
03. class is easy[klsiz;zi|kl;s-]
04. is on[izn|-n]
05. gave a[giv]
06. have a[hv]
07. give up[gv<p]
08. Saturdays off[stRdeiz(;)f]
09. flash of[flv]
10. was elected[wzilktid]
11. It
s as[itsz] , as ice[zis]
12. baby
s asleep[bibizsl;p]
13. Enough is enough[in=fizin=f]
14. He
s as[hi(;)zz] , as ever[zvR]
15. drove off[druv(;)f]
16. fish on[fn|-n]

77

PART 3

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
01. Can I

beer?

02. You must

03. Tell the

04. Cut it

05. She

you can.

the sea every day.

06. Your money will be

07. I must

American literature.

08. The

your bag.

09. Ill

hot

go to bed.

10. That

, isnt it?

11. The

this street.

12. I think

40.

13.

to me.

14. It

going to rain.

15. Hes not

am.

16. I

little cleverer.

17. His face was red

18.

safe.

19.

feast.

20. The

color.

21. Only

came to the meeting.

22.

true that

66page

<<<

01. have a glass of[hvglsv|-gl;sv]

02. arrive at six exactly[rivtsksigzktli] ()
03. truth about it[tr;^bautit]
04. with a knife, if[wi"nifif]
05. swims in[swmzin]
06. safe enough[sifin<f]
07. brush up on[br==pn|-n]
08. box is in[bksizin|bks-] , in your[inj jR]
09. have a[hv] , bath and[b^n|b;-]
10. dress is old[drsizuld]
11. post office is along[pust(;)fisizl(;)\]
12. hes around[(h)i(;)zrund] , think (h)es[^nki;z]
13. Hes always impolite[hi(;)z;lweizimplit]
14. looks as if its[lkszifits]
15. as experienced as I[ziksp(;)()rinstzi]
16. wish I was a[waiwz]
17. with anger[wi"\gR]
18. Both of us are[bu^vsR]
19. Enough is as good as a[in=fizzgdz]
20. dress is beige in[drsizbi,in]
21. half of us[hfvs|h;f-]
22. Is it[izit] , hes ill[(h)i(;)zl] ()

Unit 3

[m] [n] [l]

<<<<<<<<<

an apple a-napple[], an orange a-norange[]

. Bring an iron.
? + ,(l) +
.

Examples

01. Bring an iron, please.

02. Ill come in a minute.
03. Did you win anything?
04. I won an airline ticket.
05. The food has run out.
06. Its warm in here.
07. Thats more than I can arrange.
08. Sing a song, Ian.
09. Hell call on us tomorrow.
10. Can I open an account?
11. No cutting in on our conversation.
12. Can you fill in the form, please?
13. (It) seems that Bill is ill again.
14. Is the boss still in?
15. Tell us all about yourself, please.
16. Can we book in advance?

1. .
2. .
3. ?
4. () .
5. .
6. .
7. ( ) .
8. , .

80

19. .
10. () ?
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. ?
15. .
16. ?

[m][n][\] [l] , .

[m][n][\] .
[m][n][\] (
) .
01. Bring an iron[bri\nirn]
02. come in a[k=min]
03. win anything[wnni^i\]
04. won an airline[w=nnRlain]
05. run out[r=nut]
06. warm in[w;Rmin]
07. than I["nai] , can arrange[knrind,]
08. Sing a[s\] , song, Ian[s(;)\;n]
09. call on us[k;lns|-n-]
10. Can I[knai] , open an account[upnkunt]
11. cutting in on our[k=ti\innauR]
12. fill in[flin]
13. Bill is ill again[blizlgn]
14. still in[stln]
15. Tell us all about[tls;lbut]
16. book in advance[bkindvns|-v;ns] ()

81

PART 3

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. , .
01. Theres a

the air.

02.

the secret.

03.

he?

04.

business trip.

05.

part of his make-up.

06. Why dont you

your life?

07.

home.

08.

see you tomorrow?

09. They are

bag.

10. I saw

way home.

11. We have to

12. Weve

money.

13. My Spanish

vacation.

14. Her eye

15.

desk.
the gas tank, please.

16. Something has

17. Shes been

18. She hit him

the face.

19. We reserved the hotel

20. I dont think I

.
two cars.

21. We checked
22. She suddenly

66page

we arrived.
the room.

<<<

01. chill in[tlin]

02. Im in on[aimnn|-n-]
03. Michael isnt well, is[mik()zntwlz]
04. Im on a[imn|-n-]
05. Being outspoken is[b;i\autspuk()niz]
06. straighten out[strit()nut]
07. Im afraid Sam isnt at[aimfridsmz()ntt]
08. Can I come and[knaik=mn]
09. putting everything in a[pti\vri^i\in]
10. him on (h)is[(h)imniz|-n-]
11. cancel all engagements[kns()l;lingid,mnts]
12. run out of[r=nutv]
13. came in useful on[kiminj;sf()lan|-n-]
14. fell on an old[flnnuld|-n-]
15. Fill up[fl=p] *
16. come up[k=m=p]
17. ironing all afternoon[iRni\;lftn;n|-;f-]
18. full in[fl()n]
19. well in advance[wlndvns]
20. can afford[knf;Rd]
21. in as soon as[inzs;nz]
22. ran into[rnint]

Unit 4

[r]

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

far away fa-ra-way[] . [r]

. r re
, r .

Examples

01. He went far away.

02. Here it is.
03. Im not sure about it.
04. There were four of us.
05. Where is it?
06. Itll clear up soon.
07. There are some dogs outside.
08. The door is open.
09. Where on earth is she?
10. Cheer up and smile, Jane.
11. Hes studying for an exam.
12. I wonder if its true.
13. We walked for hours.
14. Thanks for everything.
15. Trevor is poor at swimming.
16. Youre always kind.

1. .
* .
2. , .
3. .
4. 4 .
5. ?
6. .
7. .
8. . *()

84

19. ?
10. , .
11. .
12. ?
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .

[r] .

here[hiR], there["R], pour[p;R], tower[ tuR]

re r . [R] .
(1) re, r [r] . here[hiR],
there["r], pour[p;r], tower[ tur] .
(2) re, r
[r] . here[hi], there["], pour[p;],
tower[ tu] . here and
there [hrn"] , pour away [p;rwi] , the Tower of
London["turvl=ndn] . , [r] [r]
.
(3) r (2) .
[r] + . [r] [r]
.
pour away pou-ra-way [p;] [r] [wei]
.
(4) [r]
. [r]
.
01. far away[f;rwi]
02. Here it is[hritz]
03. sure about it[rbutit]
04. four of us[f;rvs] -
05. Where is it[(h)wrzit]
06. clear up[klr=p]
07. There are["rR]
08. door is open[d;rizup()n]
09. Where on earth is[(h)wrn;R^z] -
10. Cheer up and[tr=pn(d)]
11. for an exam[frnigzm]
12. wonder if it
s[w=ndRifits]
13. for hours[fruRz]
14. for everything[frvri^i\]
15. Trevor is[trvriz] , poor at[prt]
16. You
re always[jr;lweiz]

85

PART 3

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
01.

at least ten of them.

02. We walked as

the hotel.

03. The

big enough

04. Its over

the table.

05. I cant see them from

am.

06. I looked

for my glasses.

07. Shed be

without him.

08. Ill love you

ever.

09. Its still

was.

10. Hes

a scholar than an educator.

11. Ill

speak to him again.

12. Its a
13.

life and death.

the world are they?

14. He believes

less in U.F.Os.

15. Shes

half years old.

16. I read it

17. Arent

books?

18. Could I ask a

19. They received a
20. Put the
21. He was innocent

96page

you?
-

bonus.
,

the refrigerator, Tom.

.

<<<

01. There are["r]

02. far as[f;rz]
03. car isnt[k;rzn(t)], for us[f;rs]
04. there on["rn|-n]
05. where I[(h)wrai]
06. here and there[hrnbd"R]
07. better off[btr(;)f]
08. forever and[frvrnd]
09. where it[(h)writ]
10. more of[m;rv]
11. never ever[nvrvR]
12. matter of[mtrv]
13. Where in[(h)wrin]
14. more or[m;rR] U.F.O.s (UFOs) U.F.O.s (UFOs)
15. four and a[f;rnd]
16. over and over again[uvrnduvrgen]
17. there any more interesting["rnim;rnt()risti\]
18. favor of[fivrv]
19. year-end[jrn(d)]
20. beer in here, in[brinhrin]
21. after all[ftr;l|;f-]

Unit 5

<<<<<<<<<<<<

go and see it gow and seej it[] go and

[w] . see it [ j ]
. +
.

Examples

01. Go and see it yourself, John.

02. Would you like whiskey or brandy?
03. May I ask you a question?
04. Yes, go ahead.
05. We all knew that.
06. Do I have to eat it?
07. Itll take you about two hours.
08. Are you all right?
09. Who else saw it?
10. You ought to try and do it.
11. He and she are married!
12. The sky is blue and cloudless.
13. Ill be with you in a minute.
14. Two oranges and three apples, please.
15. Ill find out how it works.
16. Go on with your work.

1. , .
2. ?
3. ?
4. , .
5. .
6. ?
7. 2 .
8. ?

88

19. ?
10. .
11. !
12. .
13. .
14. 2 3 .
15. .
16. .

.
.
,
,
.
,
. (
)
.
(1) [u;], [u], [;]
[w] .
How are you?[huw;Rju][hau] [;R]
[w] .
I saw it [ais;wi t ]
(2) [ i ; ] [i]
[ j ] .
Did you see it?[did,s;j i t ]
(3) [w] [j ] way[wei] you[ju;] [w]
[ j ] .
01. Gow and seej it[guwns;j i t ]
02. whiskeyj or[(h)wskij R]
03. Mayj Ij ask youw a[mij a ij skjuw|-;sk-]
04. gow ahead[guwhd]
05. Wej all[wi(;)j ; l ]
06. Dow I[duwai], tow eat[tuw ; t ]
07. youw about[juwbut], twow hours[tuwuRz]
08. youw all[ j ;w ; l ]
09. Whow else saww it?[h;wls;wi t ]
10. Youw ought[juw ; t ], tryj and dow it[tr ij nd;wi t]
11. Hej and shej are[h;j n ;j R]
12. skyj is bluew and[sk ij izbl;wn]
13. youw in[juwin].
14. Twow oranges[tu;w(;)rind,iz], threej apples[^r;j plz]
15. howw it[hauwi t ]
16. Gow on[guwn|-n]

89

PART 3

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. , .
01. Hell
02.

sure.

drinks

03. I have no

the morning.
the decision.

04. Im as

05. I cant

with

that.

06. You must also take the weather

07. Im telling
08.

.
I

09. What are

10.

?
you

about that.

11. Lets drink a toast

friends.

12. If

had more time!

13. They have a

of his work.

14. You have four days to

15.

the world told you that?

16. The

wrong.
17. Do

18. I was

with his work.

19.

it for?

20.

you smelling the fish?

21.

earth did you manage to repair it?

96page

in the


01. dow it, too,wIm[d;wi t t ;waim]
02. Hej always[hi(;)j ;lweiz], coffeej in[k(;)fij in]
03. sayj in[sij in]
04. readyj as youw are[rdij ,u;w;R]
05. gow along[guwl(;)\], youw on[ j u ;wn|-n]
06. intow account[intuwkunt]
07. youw about thej accident[juwbaut"ij ksidnt], telling you[teli\j ju]
08. Shej and I usuallyj agree[ ;j ndij;,ulij gr;]
09. youw after[jwftR|-;f-]
10. Ij expect[aij ikspkt], knoww all[nuw ; l ]
11. tow absent[tuwbs()nt]
12. onlyj I[unlij ai]
13. highj opinion[h ij pnjn]
14. payj up[pij =p]
15. Whow in[h;win]
16. wayj I seej it[wij a i s ;j i t ], hej is[h;j iz]
17. hurryj up[h;rij =p|h=rij =p]
18. veryj impressed[vrij imprst]
19. Whow is[h;wiz]
20. Whyj are[(h)w ij R]
21. Howw on[huwn|-n]

<<<

Unit 6

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

[j]

Help yourself. [hlp jRslf] [hlpj jRself] .

.
[ j ] (g, k, l, m, n, p ) [ j ] ,
[ j ] .

Examples
01. Help yourself! [pj j ]

02. Take your time. [kj j ]

03. Hes a keen yachtsman. [nj j ]

04. She was in a school uniform. [ lj j ]

05. Its still been in use. [nj j ]
06. I cant help you. [pj j ]

07. Graham used to be a singer. [mj j ]

08. Make yourself at home. [kj j ]

09. They arrived later than usual. [nj j ]

10. What a big yolk! [gj j ]
11. Hes still young. [ lj j ]

12. He made a quick U-turn. [kj j ]

13. I cant stop loving you. [\j j ]

14. They are all from U.S. universities. [mj j ]

15. I took you for your sister. [kj j ]

16. Can you stand on your head? [nj j ]

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .

92

19. .
10. !
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. ?

[j] .

you [ j u ; ]
unit[j;nit] [ j ] .
[ j ] [ j ] [ j ] .

.
(1)
.
(2)
Thank you.[^nkj ju] [] []
(3)
Have you?[hvj ju] [] []
If you like[ i fj j lik] []
(4) [ j ]
.
(5) (
) . ([s][ ], [t +
j ][ t ]) .
Part 4 .
01. Help yourself[hlpj jRslf]
02. Take your[tikj jR]
03. keen yachtsman[k;nj jtsmn|-jts-]
04. school uniform[sk;lj j;nif;Rm]
05. in use[inj j;s]
06. help you[hlpj ju]
07. Graham used[grimj j;st]
08. Make yourself[mikj j(u)Rslf]
09. than usual["nj j;,ul]
10. big yolk[bgj juk]
11. still young[ s t lj j=\]
12. quick U-turn[kwkj j;t;Rn]
13. loving you[l=vi\j ju]
14. from U.S. [frmj j;s]
15. took you[tkj ju]
16. Can you[knj ju] , on your[nj jR|nj -]

93

PART 3

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
01. I met him in the

02. He has his

style.

03. This is the

in our seminar.

04. Ill be in touch

05. Let me top

glass.

06. The house is divided into several

07. Its a group of students from

08. You should

.
of your training.

09. Its not right for them to

for granted.

10. We should live

11.

with nature.
to some more rice.

12. He looked very handsome

13. Ill

some tea.

14. He always has

in his car.

15. Those expressions are out

now.

16. Is this the

looking for?

17. They import auto parts

18. I couldnt

makers.
when he was talking.

19. What was the most moving

ever delivered?

20. Its time you learned to

21. I am looking forward to
22. Bottling

96page

feet.
.
feelings leads to trouble.


01. pub yesterday[p=bj jstRdi]
02. own unique[unj ju;n;k]
03. book used[bkj j;zd]
04. with you[wi"j ju]
05. up your[=pj jR] top up
06. living units[lvi\j j;nit]
07. Canadian universities[knidinj ju;niv;Rsitiz]
08. make use[mikj j;s]
09. take you[tikj ju]
10. in union[inj j;njn]
11. Help yourself[hlpj jRslf]
12. in uniform[inj j;buf;Rm]
13. make you[mikj ju]
14. cooking utensils[kki\j ju;tns()lz]
15. of use[vj j;s]
16. bag youre[bgj jR]
17. from U.S.[frmj j;s]
18. help yawning[hlpj j;ni\]
19. line you[lainj ju]
20. stand on your own[stndnj jrun|-nj -]
21. seeing you[s;i\j ju]
22. up your[=pj jR]

<<<

EXERCISES

86 page

11. 10 .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. ?
14. UFO .
15. 4 .
16. .
17. ?
18. .
19. .
20. , .
21. .
90 page

11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15.
.
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. ?
10.
.
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. 4 .
15. ?
16. .
17. !
18. .
19. ?
20. ?
21. ?

96

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

94 page

11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16.
.
17. .
18. .
19.
.
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. ?
17.
.
18. .
19.
?
20. .
21. .
22. .

PART 4

<<<

2
.

LET
S LISTEN

<<<

Mary :

David, darling...

David :

Yes, sweetheart?

Mary :

I talked to Janice yesterday. Janice Shaw.

David :

Did you, my dearest dove? How is she?

Mary :

Fine. She only wants the best for us, you know.

David :

Why do you say that, dear? What did Janice tell you?

Mary :

Actually, she asked me something.

David :

What, darling? What did she say?

Mary :

Quote:Was your friend David downtown at Tommys

Saturday night?End quote. She said she thought she saw you
at Tommys cafe... drinking French champagne with a pretty
young girl.

David :

But, sweetheart, thats not true!

Mary :

Then it wasnt you?

David :

Well, yes, it was. But that woman wasnt young!

: , .

: ?
: . .
: ? . ?
: . .
: ? ?
: .
: ?
: , ?

.
.
: , . .
: ?
: , . .

Check-Point

.
did you[did

98

ju] [did,u]

is she[iz

i] [i, i]

.
. ()
() .
,
.
. .
. ,
.
.

.
.
.
.
,
.

.
(
) .
1. [s] []
[z] [,] ([])
[] [j] [s] [z] [], [,] .
It was a nice show. [s] [ ]
Is she? [z] [,] ([])

99

PART 4

<<<

2. [t]+[j][t]

[d]+[ j ][d,]
[t] [ j ] [ t ] . [d] [ j ]
[d,] .
Nice to meet you. [m;tu]
Did you? [dd,u]

3.
have to[hft], of course[fk;Rs], She
s a good cook.[gkkk]
have[hv] to [f]
, good [d] cook[kuk] [k] [k]
.

100

<<<

COLUMN

.
,
.
.
.

.
.
. ,
.
.
. .
2000~3000 .
.
.
(1) .
2000~3000 .
.
, .
.
(2)
.
(3) , (transcription)
.
3 .

101

Unit 1

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

miss you [mis ju] [mi ju]

. [ ] [ j ] [s] [ ]
, [z] [,] .

Examples

01. Well miss you.[s] [ ]

02. Does she know that?[z]

[,] ([])

03. I was shocked by his death.[z] [,]

04. This shop is quite cheap.[s] [ ]

05. Is she your sister? [z] [,] ([])

06. Shes yet a child.[z] [,]

07. Hes wise for his years.[z]

08. Hes short and fat.[z]

[,]

[,]

09. She hasnt come yet, has she?[z]

10. It was a nice show.[s]

[]
[,]
12. He loves yachting.[z] [,]
13. Ill do as you advise.[z] [,]
14. Yes, you can go.[s] [ ]
15. She practices yoga.[z] [,]
16. Is your brother a doctor?[z] [,]

[,]

([])

11. Wheres your book?[z]

1. ( ) .
2. ?
3. .
4. .
5. ?
6. .
7. .
8. .

102

9. ?
10. .
11. ?
12. .
13. .
14. , .
15. .
16. ?

.
.
. [ ]
[s] [z] .
(1) It was a nice show.
a) nice show[nisu]
b)
nice show[nis u]
c)
nice show[niu]
*a) -, [s] . b) c)
[s] [ ] .
(2) Is she?
a) [ z i ( ; ) ]
b)
[ , i ( ; ) ]
c)
[ i ( ; ) ]( [ i ( ; ) ] )
*a) [z] . c) .
01. miss you[m sju] [m ju]
02. Does she[d=z i ] [d=, i ] [d= i ]
03. was shocked[wzkt] [w,kt]
04. This shop["sp] [" p]
05. Is she[ z i ] [ , i ] [ i ]
06. She
s yet[ i ( ; )zjt] [ i ( ; ),j t ]
07. his years[hizj Rz] [hi, j Rz]
08. He
s short[hi(;)z;Rt] [hi(;),;Rt]
09. has she[hz i ] [h, i ] [h i ]
10. nice show[nisu] [ni( )u]
11. Where
s your[(h)wRzjR] [(h)wR,jR]
12. loves yachting[l=vzjti\] [l=v,jti\]
13. as you[zju] [,ju]
14. Yes, you[ j sj ; ] [ j j ; ]
15. practices yoga[prktisizjug] [prktisi,jug]
16. Is your[ izjR] [ i,jR]

103

PART 4

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
01. He spent

in Wales.

02. Smoking is not allowed in

03. The seat of his jeans

04. Is
05.

car?
are all too big for Peter.

06. The sun

in the windows.

07. He

on Saturdays.

08. Shes getting married

09. Let me know, in

cant make it.

10. That film

in France.

11. He hasnt completed the work

12. After her death, we realized what a great

13. This question

more difficult.

14. He

15. That could

like a car.

16. The newspaper

with age.

17. When a car passes, this

18. The
19.

and ran off.

words hurt me.

20. Those

their leaves in autumn.

21. Her

told them the story.

own fault.

22. It
23.

was.

mother arrived yet?

110page


, ,
.
01. his youth[hi,(j);^] -
02. this shop["( )p|-p]
03. was shiny[w,ini]
04. this your[" jR]
05. These shoes[ " ;,;z] --
06. was shining[w,ini\]
07. goes shopping[gu,pi\|-p-]
08. this year[" jR]
09. case you[ki ju]
10. was shot[w,t][w t]
11. as yet[,j t ]
12. sculptress she[sk=lptri i ]
13. is yet[ i,j t ]
14. looks shabby[lk bi]
15. is shaped[ i,ipt]
16. has yellowed[h,jloud]
17. house shakes[hu iks]
18. dogs yelped[d(;)g,jlpt] -
19. His sharp[hi,;Rp] -
20. trees shed[ t r ;,d] -
21. voice shook[vi k]
22. was your[w,jR]
23. Has your[h,jR]

<<<

Unit 2

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

finished yet [fnit jet] [fni tet] .

, . [t + j ] [ t ]
[d + j ] [d,] .

Examples

01. Have you finished yet?[t + j ]

02. Do it yourself![t + j ]

[t]

[t]

03. They married last year.[t + j ]

[t]
04. She hasnt telephoned yet.[d + j ] [d,]
05. Ive lost your letter.[t + j ] [ t ]
06. Pass the sugar, would you?[d+ j ] [d,]
07. Need you go?[d + j ] [d,]
08. Not yet.[t + j ] [ t ]
09. Did you really?[d + j ] [d,]
10. I asked you a question.[t + j ] [ t ]
11. Hes got your camera.[t + j ] [ t ]
12. Hold yourself still![d + j ] [d,]
13. Ill send you some.[d + j ] [d,]
14. Youre not yourself today.[t + j ] [ t ]
15. Youve just missed your train.[t + j ] [ t ]
16. Can you bend your knee.[d + j ] [d,]

1. ?
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. ?
7. ?
8. .

106

9. ?
10. .
11. .
12. !
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. ?

Nice to meet you. meet you [m;t j u]

. [m;t u]
,-- .
Did you[dd j u] [dd,u] .
, [s][ ] [z][,]
.
.
t d y, u ,
[t + j ][ t ] [d + j ][d,] .
you, your t d
.
(1) you, your
I
ll let you know how he did it.[lt u] []
I(
ll) bet you were furious! [bt u] []
I received your letter yesterday. [ris;vd,R] []
(2) you, your
He said yes.[sd,s] []
It
s in the front yard.[fr=nt ;Rd] []
The pound is the standard unit of British currency.

[stndRd,;nit][-]

01. finished yet[fnit t]

02. it yourself[ it Rslf]
03. last year[lst R|l;st ]
04. telephoned yet[tlfound,t]
05. lost your[l(;)st R]
06. would you[wd,u]
07. Need you[n;d,u] -
08. Not yet[nt t|nt t]
09. Did you[dd,u]
10. asked you[skt u|;skt u]
11. got your[gt R|gt ]
12. Hold yourself[huld,Rslf]
13. send you[sbd,u]
14. not yourself[nt Rslf]
15. missed your[mst R]
16. bend your[bnd,R]

107

PART 4

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
01. He lost his father

02. She worked very

03. Look

she failed.

in the mirror, Thelma.

04. Put the flour

in the bowl.

05. They

arrived.

06. Dont put the speaker

07.

, Phil?

08. That long09.

was rude to me.

at me like that!

10. Itll

about

11. Hes stupid,

.
I like him.

12. Well go to Spain

13. I can
14. I

thoughts.
not to smoke.

15. I wonder if hes

16.

.
hands above your head!

17. That

a good harvest

18. Hell

to the expressway.

19. You neednt do it

20. Dont
21.

to such a plot.
move back a little, please?

22. I can

110page

up anytime.

<<<

. [t] [d,] 2 .
01. last year[lst R|l;st ] -
02. hard, yet[h;Rd,t] -
03. at yourself[t Rslf]
04. and yeast[nd, ; s t ] -
05. haven
t yet[hvnt t]
06. behind you[bihind,u]
07. Did you[did,u] -
08. haired youth[hRd,;^] -
09. Don
t yell[dunt l]

10. cost you[k(;)st u]

11. and yet[nd,t]
12. next year[nkst R]
13. read your[ r ;d,R] -
14. told you[tuld,u]
15. started yet[st;Rtid,t] -
16. Hold your [huld,R]
17. field yielded [ f ; ld,;kldid] --, last year [lst

18. lead you[ l ;d,u] -

19. just yet[d,=st t]
20. lend yourself[lnd,Rslf]
21. Could you[kud,u]
22. put you[pt u]

R|l;st ]

EXERCISES

104 page

11. .
12. .
13. .
14. ?
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
10. .
11. .
12.
.
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
20. .
21.
.
22. .
23. ?

110

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

108 page

11. .
12. .
13. , .
14. .
15. .
16. .
17. , ?
18. .
19. .
10. 5.
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. ?
16. !
17. .
18. .
19. .
20. .
21. ?
22. .

PART 5

<<<

LET
S LISTEN

<<<

John :

Ill be darned! Weve run out of gas!

Sally :

And its dark and its snowing. No onell be coming along at this
time of night.

John :
Sally :

No, Toms coming to the party, so hell be coming this way.

Tom! What if Toms not coming to the party? What if hes going
a different way?

John :

If only Id gotten gas at that last station...

Sally :

Well have to find a phone somewhere, and Momll have to come

pick us up. Why dont you try starting it again?

John :

Yeah, maybe the motorll start this time... Were in luck! Its
started. I cant believe it.

Sally :

I mightve known. Youd just let it stall. Ill never go for another

drive with you as long as I live.

: ! .
: .

.
: , . .
: ? ?

.
:
: .

. .
: . . ! . .
: . .

Check-Point
. +

. .
I will I
ll

[ail]

might have might

ve

112

[mitv]

.
(?) .
.

.

2 .
(1) am, is, are, will(shall), has, have, had, would be
, .
(2) not be .
.

( ) .

1. -
s[s], [z] (is, has, us)
[s]: it
s, that
s, what
s, Jack
s, let
s, etc.
[z]: he
s, she
s, who
s, where
s, when
s, how
s, John
s, here
s,
there
s, etc.
2. -
re[] (are)
you
re, we
re, they
re, etc.
3. -
ll[l] (will, shall)
I
ll, you
ll, he
ll, she
ll, it
ll, we
ll, they
ll, others
ll, Colin
ll,
play
ll, what
ll, who
ll, etc.
4. -
d[d](had, would)
I
d, you
d, he
d, she
d, it
d, we
d, they
d, who
d, etc.
5. -
ve[v](have)
I
ve, you
ve, we
ve, they
ve, would
ve, could
ve, should
ve,
might
ve, must
ve, etc.
6. -n
t[nt](not)
isn
t, aren
t, won
t, can
t, don
t, hasn
t, haven
t, wasn
t, weren
t,
wouldn
t, couldn
t, didn
t, hadn
t, shouldn
t, mightn
t, mustn
t,
needn
t, etc.

113

PART 5

<<<

7. d
you [djud,] (do)
Do you~? Did you~? Dyou
.
.
1. .
.
2. -
ll [l] . [u] [i] .
3. -
re [R] .
4. [z] [s] [s] . John
s [z], Jack
s
s [s]
[z] [s] .
5. . when
s, others
ll, what
ll, Colin
ll,
should
ve, might
ve, must
ve, could
ve, mightn
t, needn
t

114

COLUMN

<<<
< >

. 1 .
(2,000) .
.
.
,
1. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English (4 1989)
57,000. 13,000. .
2. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (3 1995)
80,000. 2,000 .
Longman Active Study Dictionary of English(1983 38,000)
, .
3. Chambers Universal LearnersDictionary (1980)
.
4. Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary (1995)
70,000.
. .
5. Cambridge Interantional Dictionary of English (1995)
100,000. .
6. Oxford Students Dictionary of American English (1983)
35,000 .
7. Longman Dictionary of American English (1983)
38,000. .

Unit 1

-
s (be) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Who
s calling, please? who
s who is .

[hu; iz] [hu;z] . , -

s
. is has (), let us
let
s .

Examples
*( ) .

01. Whos calling, please? (is)

02. Its changed a lot. (has)
03. No, nobodys come yet. (has)
04. Megs out, but Ruths in. (is)
05. I think Janes upset about something. (is)
06. Hows it going? (is)
07. Whats the new teacher like? (is)
08. Either ways fine with me. (is)
09. Wheres he gone? (has)
10. This ones the fastest. (is)
11. Lets take Keiths car. (us)
12. My fathers got two brothers. (has)
13. My mothers very happy. (is)
14. Which methods the best? (is)
15. Whens she expected back? (is)
16. Patricks been here. (has)

1. () ?
2. .
3. , .
4. .
5. .
6. ?
7. ?
8. .

116

9. ?
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. ?
15. ?
16. .

be .

be , ,
. don
t, isn
t, wouldn
t, shouldn
t
. -
s .
.
(1) + is(-
s)
is [iz], [z][s].
[z] : he
s[hi;z][hiz][iz], she
s[ i ; z ] [ i z ], Bill
s[bilz],Ann
s[nz], who
s[hu;z] how
s[hauz]
[s] : that
s["ts], it
s[its], Dick
s[diks], Edith
s[;di^s], Juliet
s[d,;lits]
[s][z][d,] ,
[iz] .
Angus is[\gsiz], Liz is[lziz], George is[d,;rd,iz]
(2) + has(-
s)
has [hz], [z][s][z][hz].
[z] : hes[hi;z][hiz][iz], shes[i;z][iz], Paul
s[p;lz], who
s[hu;z]
[s] : it
s[its], that
s["ts], Janet
s[d,nits], Ruth
s[ru;^s], Patrick
s[ptriks], Philip
s[flips]
01. Who
s[hu;z] Who is -
02. It
s[its] It has
03. nobody
s[nubdz|nubdiz] nobody has
04. Meg
s[megz] Meg is , Ruth
s[ru;^s] Ruth is, -
05. Jane
s[d,einz] Jane is
06. How
s[hauz] How is
07. What
s[(h)wts|wts] What is
08. way
s[weiz] way is
09. Where
s[(h)wRz] Where has
10. one
s[w<nz] one is
11. Let
s[lets] Let us
12. father
s[f;"Rz] father has -
13. mother
s[m="Rz] mother is
14. method
s[m^dz] method is
15. When
s[(h)wenz] When is
16. Patrick
s[ptriks] Patrick has

117

PART 5

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
01.

had her baby-

02. My

getting too old to travel.

03. I think the

04.

recovering from her fever.

the matter with you?

05. Actually, his

Adrian.

06. Is it true that

in?

07. The
08.
09. The
10.
11. Some

a girl.

closed on Sundays.
your book.
very noisy.
my camera?
let the dog out.

12. The

been nice these days.

13. My

upset.

14.

been in the hospital.

15.

a man at the door.

16. Tell me
17. My
18.
19. The
20. I hear
21. That

going to do it.
got a house in New York.
that man shouting?
been giving us trouble again.
looking for a job.
been sleeping on a bench all day.

22. My

living with my parents.

23. My

aching.

132page

<<<

is has -
s .
(1) [s] [z] 2.
(2) ,
. Bill
s Bill is, Bill has, Bill
s (book)
(3) -
s . -
s
.
01. Rosemarys[ruzmriz] Rosemary has ,
its[its] it is
02. uncles[=\klz] uncle is
03. girls[g;Rlz] girl is -
04. Whats[(h)wts|wts] What is
05. names[nimz] name is
06. hes[(h)i(;)z] he is -
07. shops[ps|ps] shop is
08. Heres[hiRz] Here is *Heres your ()
09. engines[nd,inz] engine is
10. Wheres[(h)wRz] Where is
11. fools[fu;lz] fool has -

12. weathers[w"Rz] weather has

13. stomachs[st=mks] stomach is
14. Shes[iz] She has
15. Theres["(e)Rz] There is -
16. whos[hu;z] who is -
17. brothers[br="Rz] brother has
18. Whys[(h)waiz] Why is
19. cars[k;rz] car has -
20. Jacks[d,ks] Jack is
21. mans[mnz] man has
22. sisters[sstRz] sister is
23. legs[legz] leg is

Unit 2

-
11, -
re () <<<<<<<<

The play
ll begin soon. play
ll play will .

[plei wil] [pleil] . will(shall)

, , I
m, you
re, d
you
.

Examples

01. The playll begin soon.

02. Dyou think the carll start?
03. Itll clear up soon.
04. I wonder when hell be back.
05. Tell me whatll happen!
06. Nobodyll notice.
07. Theyll find everything satisfactory.
08. Kevinll be coming, too.
09. Wholl be leading the group?
10. Therell be enough for everybody.
11. The othersll be here shortly.
12. Thatll be Peter.
13. Ill start when Im ready.
14. Were old friends.
15. I hear youre getting married.
16. Im glad theyre safe.

1. .
2. ?
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7.
.
8. .

120

09. ?
10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. ?
16. .

(1) + will(-
ll)
will -
ll , shall
Shall I? Shall we? .
will [wil], [l].
I
ll[ail] / you
ll[ju;l][jul][jl] / he
ll[hi;l][hil][il] / she
ll[ i ; l ] [ i l ] / it
ll[ t l ] / we
ll[wi;l][wil] / they
ll["eil]["el] /
that
ll ["tl] / what
ll [(h)wtl|wtl] / who
ll [hu;l] / kevin
ll[kvinl] / others
ll
[="Rzl] / there
ll["(e)Rl]
(2) + are(-
re)
are [;R], [R].
you
re[ j u r ] [ j ; r ] [ j r ] /we
re[wi;r][wir]/they
re["eir]["er]["r]
.
who are[hu;r], boys are[bizr] .
(3) I+am(I
m)
am [m], [m][m]. I
m am I .
(4) do+you(d
you)
do [du;], [du][d], d
you[dju], [d,] d
you
, do you d
you
.
01. play
ll[pleil] play will
02. D
you[dju] Do you , car
ll[k;Rl] car will -
03. It
ll[ i t l ] It will
04. he
ll[(h)i(;)l] he will, when (h)e
ll -
05. what
ll[(h)wtl|wtl] what will[tl]
06. Nobody
ll[nubdil|nubdil] Nobody will
07. They
ll["e(i)l] They will
08. Kevin
ll[kvinl] Kevin will
09. Who
ll[hu;l] Who will -
10. There
ll["(e)Rl] There will
11. others
ll[="Rzl] others will -
12. That
ll["tl] That will
13. I
ll[ail] I will , I
m[aim] I am
14. We
re[wi(;)R] We are
15. you
re[j(u)R] you are
16. I
m[aim] I am , they
re["e(i)R] they are

121

PART 5

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. ,
.
01.

so beautiful to look at!

02.

think

03.

be the last bottle.

snow, Mary?

04. If you do that again,

05.

tell you what.

06. Perhaps
07.

get a smack.

sell the car.

be nice, I think.

08. There are some sandwiches left, if

09. I dont think
10.

last.

be a lot of wine served at the party.

11. If

kindly sign here, please.

12. I suppose
13.

buy a house.

sure

come back.

14. What on earth

think

15.

be here at eight.

16.

be the winner?

17.

the show be like?

18. I know what

19.
20. What
21.

hungry.

doing?

doing.

be bringing his wife with him.

think of the news?
not going out, are we?

132page

<<<

-
ll, -
re, d
you, I
m
-
ll. , -
ll.
l() ,
. , it
ll[tl], that
ll["tl], what
ll[(h)wtl |wtl] [tl]
.
01. Theyre["e(i)R] They are
02. Dyou[dju] Do you , itll it will
03. Thisll["sl] This will
04. youll[jul] you will
05. Ill[ail] I will
06. well[wi(;)l] we will
07. Thatll["tl] That will
08. youre[j(u)R] you are
09. itll[ i t l ] it will
10. Therell["(e)R] There will
11. youll[ju(;)l] you will
12. theyll["e(;)l] they will
13. Im[aim] I am , shell [ i ( ; ) l ] she will
14. dyou[dju] do you , youre[j(u)R] you are
15. Hell[hi(;)l] He will
16. Wholl[hu;l] Who will
17. Whatll[(h)wtl|wtl] What will
18. Im[aim] I am
19. Colinll[klinl|klinl] Colin will
20. dyou[dju] do you
21. Were[wi(;)R] We are

Unit 3

-
d, -
ve (have)

<<<<<

I knew you
d come. you
d you had you would
. had would -d have -ve
.

Examples

01. I knew youd come. (would / had)

02. Id rather you went home now. (would)
03. We thought shed be good at that. (would)
04. Id better hit the road. (had)
05. He said hed have to change the plans. (would)
06. If I got rich, Id buy a new house. (would)
07. Whod like to play tennis? (would)
08. If only Id met her earlier! (had)
09. Itd gone when I got back home. (had)
10. Itd be nice if you could make it. (would)
11. I wish youd seen her. (had)
12. If youd fill in this form. (would)
13. Weve met each other before. (have)
14. Ive forgotten her address. (have)
15. You shouldve told him. (have)
16. You mightve known shed refuse. (have, would)

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. ?
8. .
9. .

124

10. .
11. .
12. ?
13. .
14. .
15. .
16.
.

have .

would, had, have (-d) would had

. have I
ve you
ve
could
ve, should
ve
.
(1) + would(-
d)
would [wud], [wd][d][d]. I
d[aid], you
d[ju;d][jud][jd], he
d[hi;d][hid][id] .
you would, she would
.
(2) + had(-
d)
had [hd], [hd][d][d].
(1) , he had, you had
.
(3) + have(-
ve)
have [hv], [hv][v][v]. I
ve[aiv],
you
ve[ju;v], we
ve[wi;v][wiv], they
ve ["eiv].
would
ve [wdv] , should
ve [dv] , could
ve[kdv], must
ve[m=stv], might
ve[mitv] .
01. you
d[ju(;)d] you would / you had
02. I
d[aid] I would
03. she
d[i(;)d] she would
04. I
d[aid] I had
05. he
d[hi(;)d] he would
06. I
d[aid] I would.
07. Who
d[hu;d] Who would -
08. I
d[aid] I had
09. It
d[itd] It had
10. It
d[itd] It would
11. you
d[ju(;)d] you had
12. you
d[ju(;)d] you would
13. We
ve[wi(;)v] We have
14. I
ve[aiv] I have
15. should
ve[dv] should have
16. might
ve[mitv] might have
she
d[ i ; d ] she would

125

PART 5

<<<

EXERCISES

<<<

1. , .
01. He said that
02. I wished
03.

rather Dick went.

had something before that.

like a hamburger, if

like to know.

04. It isnt an ideal place05. I wondered whether

06. I thought

say it was.
seen Kate.

be the first to appreciate my ideas.

07.

prefer to have you on your own.

08.

always expected

turn out differently.

09. He was surprised to learn how much

10. If
11.
12. If only

been any alternative transport!

be a great help.
told me before.

13. It was the sort of thing

14.
15. If

enjoyed.

better go home now.

asked me, I

16. This is the first time

17.

told you the truth.

been here.

you got to say about the climate?

18. If

been his first time, it

19. I

finished this by last night.

20. We

drunk.

gone, but we didnt.

21. It

stopped raining by now.

22. I

been killed!

been different.

<<<

-
d would had
. it
d[td], that
d["td] [td]
. -
ve I
ve, you
ve would
ve[wdv],
should
ve, could
ve[kdv], should
ve[dv], might
ve[mitv],
must
ve[m=stv] [dv] [tv] .
[] .
01. hed[hi(;)d] he would
02. Id[aid] I had
03. Hed[hi(;)d] He would , youd [ju(;)d] you would
04. nobodyd[nubdid|nubdid] nobody would
05. shed[i(;)d] she had
06. youd[ju(;)d] you would
07. Theyd["eid] They would
08. Id[aid] I had , itd [itd] it would
09. hed[(h)i(;)d] he had. hed drunk
10. thered["(e)Rd] there had
11. Thatd["td] That would
12. youd[ju(;)d] you had
13. theyd have["eidv] they would have
14. Wed[wi(;)d] We had
15. youd[ju(;)d] you had , mightve [mitv] might have
16. Ive[aiv] I have
17. Whatve[(h)wtv|wtv] What have
18. itd[itd] it had , couldve[kdv] could have
19. shouldve[dv] should have
20. couldve[kdv] could have
21. mustve[m=stv] must have
22. mightve[mitv] might have

Unit 4

-n
t () <<<<<<<<<<<<<

I won
t go. won
t[wount] will not . -n
t

.

Examples

01. I wont go.

02. I dont agree.
03. He hasnt been well since last Christmas.
04. She doesnt care, does she?
05. Nice day, isnt it?
06. We havent got much time.
07. I mustnt keep you.
08. I cant stand it.
09. You neednt tell Joan.
10. She oughtnt to have said that.
11. I didnt know what to do.
12. I was certain I hadnt met her before.
13. I told him he wouldnt be able to do that.
14. You shouldnt be so optimistic.
15. He mightnt know youre here.
16. I knew it couldnt be Bill.

1. .
2. .
3.
.
4. ?
5. ?
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. .

128

10. .
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15.
.
16.
.