PublicMeetingPresentation

January19,2012
Revised:12512

Agenda
PAGE

Introduction

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3 6 20 35 46 51 53 66 71 73 75

1. Sustainability . 3. GasificationTechnology

2. WasteCollection&Recycling 4. FeedstockPreparation . 5. DecorativeBricks 6. AirPermitUpdate 7. EconomicDevelopment 8. AerialViewofTransferStation 10. NextSteps . . . .

9. SelectMSWtoEnergyProjects. .

Introduction

Cleveland Recycling & Energy Generation Center

See Style Brief Handout

Introduction
CREGOffersA ComprehensiveSolution Itisanadoptable,flexibleapproachbasedon whatbestmeetsourneeds. NootheralternativeenablestheCitytomeet: CitywideRecyclingGoals SustainabilityGoals AdvanceEnergyPortfolioStandard(AEPS) Goals

Introduction
CREGTopPriorities

Minimize MSW sent to landfill Implementation of Sustainability Goals Achieve City-wide Recycling Goals Obtain electric generation that helps meet the Citys AEPS goals for CPP Develop a local environmentally conscious power generation facility

1.Sustainability
Environment Society Economy

Sustainability

OurCurrentSystemisNot Environmentally,Socially, orFinanciallySustainable

$7Million/Yearto ExportOurWaste

92%of1.5millionMegawattHours ComesFromCoal

Coalhasmoreenvironmentalimpactsthananyothersource

VisualizingaTonofCO2

TheamountofCO2emissionsfromcoalgeneratedelectricitythat CPPuseswouldfillabout18,000footballfields10yardshigh,or1 footballfield102mileshigh.102milesisthedistancefromhereto Erie,PA.

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VisualizingaTonofCO2

CoalCostswill ContinuetoRise
Deliveredpriceofcoal increasedthreetimes fasterthaninflation overthepastfive years. Statesdependenton coalhadthehighest electricityprice increaseinthepast fiveyears. U.S.Coalmining productivityhas declined20%since 2000. Risinginternational demandand recognitionof environmentalcosts willcontinuetodrive coalpricesupward.
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CurrentPracticesCreateSignificant GreenhouseGasEmissions

LandfillMethaneEmissions

Accountforapproximately15percentofcurrentgreenhouse gasemissionsnationally MethaneisregardedasoneofthemostimportantGHGs becauseitsglobalwarmingpotentialhasbeenestimatedto bemorethan20timesofthatofcarbondioxide.

TruckTraffic

WeSend60TractorTrailers/Day30MilestotheLandfill: Equivalentof602MetricTonsofCO2Emissions/Year(12 footballfields,10yards high),plusparticulates.

WeareLosingValuableResources

Wastestheoriginalenergyinput Outputswasteandpollution Recyclingreducesemissionscomparedtowaste disposal(frommining,manufacturing,waste management)

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CREG:WholeSystemsApproach

MaximizeRecyclingthroughautomatedcurbsideand MaterialRecoveryFacility ReduceourCoalConsumptionbydiversifyingour EnergyPortfolio ReduceOverallCarbonFootprint Stringentsortingandtechnologytoprotectthe environmentandcitizens.

RecoveredValue
Foreverytonofwastedivertedfromthelandfill, Clevelandsaves$32.00intippingfees. With230,000tonsgoingtothelandfill,thisrepresents $7Millionwewillnolongerdumpintheground.

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Steady,Local,Jobs

CREGwilladd localjobs.

Recyclingcreates 5xsmorejobs thanlandfilling

Higherrecyclingratesproducenewjobs,strengthenlocaleconomies,reducepollutionand improvepublichealth,accordingtoareport,"MoreJobs,LessPollution"(available 17 at www.bluegreenalliance.org/morejobslesspollution)fromtheTellus Institute.

CREGwillprovideaNetreduction inGreenhouseGasEmissions
Reductionof20TractorTrailerTripstoLandfillEachDay

28.4milesfromRidgeRoadTransferStationtoLandfillinLorainCounty Save 68,422 gallonsoffuel/year, Reduce1,531,288poundsofCO2 peryear(694metrictons)* Equivalentofplanting17,795treesandlettingthemgrowfor10years.** WillbeasignificantNetdecreaseintruckemissionseventhoughWaste Packertripsforrecyclingwillincreaseby14/day.

388,277tonsofGHGEmissionsavoidedthroughlandfill reductions(over50Years)
*PoundsCO2 FactorestimatesdeterminedbyU.S.DepartmentofEnergy,March,2008 **USEPACarbonEquivalents

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ThereisNoAway

Weeachcreatearound4poundsoftrashadayand locateitelsewhere Weeachuse144 lbs.of CO2 aday TheSolution:reduceatthesource,thenfindthe mostappropriatewayreuse,recycle,gasify,or landfilltomanagewhat'sleft. Everyonehastotakeresponsibility CPPandtheDivisionofWasteareinnovatingto managetheendlifeoftheproductsClevelanders obtainandthendiscard.
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2. Waste Collection & Recycling CREG - Cleveland Recycling & Energy Generation
Clevelands formula for Sustainability

Recycling + Energy Generation = Sustainability!

Waste Collection & Recycling Operations

Operational History Automated Waste Collection & Recycling Program MRF Material Recovery Facility Truck Traffic
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OperationalHistory

TheDivisionofWasteCollectionservesapproximately152,000household weekly,andcollects230,000tonsofdebrisannually.Servicesinclude residentialcollection,curbsiderecycling,CommercialCollections,and TransferStationOperations.GeneralFundBudget:$26.2Million. Clevelandhasbeenrecyclingsince1991.Establishedvariousprograms through2003whenthecurbsideprogramwaseliminatedandtheDropoff programwasimplemented. Dropoffprogrambeganwithseven(7)locationswhereresidents,non residentsandbusinessescoulddropoffrecycling.Currently,thereareover 130recyclingdropofflocations. In2006,undertheJacksonAdministration,viatheOperationalEfficiency TaskForce,developedgoalstoimproveWasteCollectionServices: ImproveServicetoResidents GainOperationalEfficiency ReinstatedCurbsideRecycling
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OperationalHistory cont.

In2007,establishedtheAutomatedWasteCollectionandCurbsideRecyclingPilot program,where15,000householdsreceivedone(1)96galloncartfortrashand one(1)64galloncartforrecycling.

Providedresidentsfreecartswhichallowedforeasier,moreefficient collectionandcleanerneighborhoods. GainedOperationalEfficiencybyreducingthenumberofstaffrequiredto providedailyservice(wentfromathreemancrewtoaonemancrew). EstablishedaCurbsideRecyclingprogramandincreasedrevenuetothe GeneralFund.

2010:ExpandedAutomatedWasteCollectionandCurbsideRecyclingprogramtoan additional25,000households. June,2012:plannedexpansiontoanadditional25,000households.Theplanisto rollout25,000householdseachyearforthenexttwotothreeyears. OncetheCREGCenterisfinancedtheAutomatedWasteCollectionandCurbside RecyclingProgramwouldbeexpandedcitywidewithin1to2years.Thefunding requiredtoexpandthisprogramisincludedintheCREGProjectfunding. 22

What is in Cleveland's MSW?

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CitywideCurbsideRecycling

AlternateCollectionMethod: convertthecurrentmanualprocess toafullyautomatedandasemiautomatedsystem forrecycling utilizingcarts. WasteSorting&Separation:investinmaterialrecoveryfacilityto preparewasteforprocessingand/orrecycling. Recyclables:fullyimplementClevelandsWasteCollectionRecycling ProgramCitywideand includemetalcollectionandseparation, wastepapercollectionandbundlingandmore.

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AutomatedWasteCollectionand CurbsideRecyclingProgram

152,000householdtotal,40,000householdcurrentlyintheprogram. Thisprogramconsistsofprovidingeachhouseholdwithone(1)cartfor wasteandone(1)cartforrecycling. AutomatedCollectionwillrequirelessemployeestoprovideregularwaste collectionservices.ThewastecartswillbecollectedviaanAutomated truck(onemancrewversusathreemancrew). CurbsideRecyclingServiceswasreinstatedbasedontheemployee reductionfromtheAutomatedCollection. Programisnotoptionalandrecyclingismandatory. Enforcementpolicies&procedureshavebeen established.

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ProgramResults

Asof11/30/11,Clevelandhasrecycled10,830tonsofmaterial(Glass,Plastic, Metal,PaperandCardboard).

Dropoff Residential Commercial

4,014tons(increased5%comparedto2010) 2,473tons(increased53%comparedto2010) 4,343tons

Generated$504,451inrevenue LandfillDiversion(Disposalcostsavings):$220,225 TotalSavings&Revenue:$724,676 Thesesavingsweregeneratedwith10%ofthecity. Astheprogramexpandssodoesthepotential forrevenuegeneration.

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ProgramResults cont.

During2011,theCurbsideprogramyieldedanaverage12%recyclingrate. Realizedanincreaseinrecyclingratewhentheprogramexpandedtoan additional25,000householdinSeptember2011. Expecttheprogramsrecyclingratetoincreaseastheprogramisexpanded, Mandatoryrecyclingisenforced,andadditionalEducation&Awarenessis providedtotheresidents. Citywiderecyclinggoalis25%. RevenueGeneration/LandfillDiversion

ForeverytonofmaterialthatisrecycledthroughtheCityscurrent recyclingprogram,wesaveanaverageof$70perton.

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ProgramResults cont.

Citywidegoalof25%,willyield57,500tonsandanestimated$4,025,000 inrevenuegenerationandlandfilldiversionsavings.(basedon230,000 tonsoftrash) Basedonarecentwastecompositionstudyapproximately62%ofthe currentwastestreamisrecyclable(glass,plastics,paper,metaland cardboard). InordertorecyclethemaximumamountofmaterialfromtheCityswaste steam,wemustutilizeacombinationprogram:Dropoffrecycling,curbside recyclingandaMaterialRecoveryFacility(MRF).

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Recycle,ReuseandRecover

CREGsMRFwillincreasetherecyclingrate Earlyestimatessuggestthattheadditionofanonsitesorting facilitywillincreaseourmaterialrecyclingrate. TheCREGProjectwillenablefasterdeploymentofcurbsiderecycling Citywide CurbsiderecyclingandautomatedpickupissavingtheCitymoney andsignificantlyincreasingtherecyclingrate. TheCREGCenterbudgetestimateincludesfundsneededto implementaCitywiderecyclingprogram.

Foreverytonofwastedivertedfromthelandfill,Clevelandsavesover $32.00perton,withover230,000tonsgoingtothelandfill,this represents$7.3millionwewillnolongerdumpintheground.

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MaterialRecoveryFacility(MRF)
CREGs MRF will use the latest in sorting technology
- Automated screen technology for sorting processes. - Optical sorting, ferrios magnets and other technology such as eddie currents to separate aluminum cans and other metals. - This will be a state of the art multi stream waste sorting system. It will separate additional recyclable materials and perform the initial sorting for fuel pellet production and gasification. - Manual Sorting

ThesuccessoftheCREG Centerdependsona successfulMRFoperation.

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BenefitsoftheMRF

Mercuryandleademissionswillbefarlessthanthe rateallowedunderFederalNewSourcePerformance StandardsbecauseoftheClevelandMRF. MSWthatarrivesattheCREGCenterwillbe processedtoremoveitemsthatcontainmercury andleadlikebatteries,electronics,andewaste. Thiswillhelpreduceemissionoftheseandother harmfulpollutants.

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WhythisoptionforCleveland?
Notallproductsarerecyclable
Tissue paper, wrapping paper, food wrappers, food containers, napkins, paper cups, coated fax paper, carbon paper, blueprints, any paper product contaminated by grease, oil or food residue, wax paper, plastic shrink wrap, hanging file folders, plastic bindings, metal bindings, plastic findings, metal findings, fruits and vegetable boxes, pizza boxes, poly-coated boxes, egg cartons, wax coated boxes, plastic corrugated boxes, any corrugated cardboard contaminated by cooked food, grease or oil, sanitary products, diapers, aerosol cans, paint cans, and propane tanks, plastic bags, oil containers and wide-mouth plastic food containers, non-bottle plastics, packaging material, rigid polystyrene, plastic shrink wrap, sponges and bubble pack.
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TruckTraffic

ThetrucktrafficaroundtheCREGCenterwillbesimilartotheexistingtruck trafficcurrentlyaroundtheRidgeRoadfacility. Whereas,duetotheCityrecyclingoperation,therewillbeaslightincrease inthenumberofvehiclestocollecttheresidentialrecyclinganddeliverthe materialtothefacilityforprocessing. Tooffsetthisincreaseintrucktraffic,bygasifyingapproximately70%ofthe MSW,20lesstractortrailerswillberequiredtohaulmaterialawayfromthe facility,therefore,resultinginanetreductionorsimilartrucktrafficasthe existingfacility. Overall,trucktrafficwillslightlyincreasebyaboutonetrip(eithercoming orgoing)perhourduringdailytruckoperationaltime. Hoursofoperation6a.m.to10p.m.(16hours).Trip=onewayintoorout ofthefacility.
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RidgeRoadTransferStation TruckTrafficChart
CurrentFacility DailyTrips WastePackers Cleveland WastePackers Othercities TractorTrailerBulkHaulers Totaltrips 180 14 60 254 CREGCenter DailyTrips 220 14 40 274 Difference Daily 40 0 20 20

Tripsperhour(daily trips/hoursofoperation)

15.875

17.125

1.25

3.GasificationTechnology

Gasification:RedefiningGreenEnergy
http://wwww.gasification.org

Video
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WhatIsGasification?

Gasification convertsorganicmaterials,suchas municipalsolidwaste,intoagasthatissimilarto naturalgas. Theconversionisachievedbyreactingthematerialat hightemperatures(>500C),withoutcombustion,ina controlledenvironmentwithalimitedamountof oxygen. Duringgasification,carbonbasedmaterialssuchas organicwastebreaksdownintoasynthesisgas,or syngas,whichispredominantlycarbonmonoxide(CO) andhydrogen(H2).
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WhatIsGasification?
Gasificationworkssortoflikeatoaster. Youmakeonebatchatatime.
Atoastergentlycharsthe surfaceofapieceofbread andintheprocessconverts someoftheatomsonthe surfaceintoagaswhichis seenassmokeandhasthe familiarsmellofawarm pieceoftoast.

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WhatIsGasification?
TheToastingprocess Thetopofthetoasterisopentoallowoxygeninandtorelease gasescreatedduringthetoastingprocess Thescentorodoryousmellduringthetoastingprocessisthe resultofsomeofthebreadbeingconvertedintoagaseous state(seenassmokeandsmellsliketoast). Atimerturnsthetoasteroffautomaticallyandatthesame timereleasesthetraysothetoastpopsup. Theresidualsinthebottomofthetrayareburntbreadcrumbs thatfelloffduringthegasificationprocess.
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WhatIsGasification?
Gasificationworksthesameway: Processeachloadinabatch,onebatchatatime Controltheamountofheatandoxygeninorderto achievethedesiredamountofgasification Convertorganicsolidsintoagas(syngas) Automatetheprocessusingtimersandspecial controls Attheendoftheprocessendsthereareash residualsthatmaybeusedordisposed
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ThePowerofMSW
1TonofMSW HasPower!
=11millionBTUsat30%moisture =1barrelofoil =tonofCoal =11DTsNaturalGas 1TonMSWcanmake: 5,500lbs ofsteam 400600kWhrs ofelectricity 48gallonsofethanol 1TonMSW

MSWaRenewableEnergySource
THEWHITEHOUSE OfficeofthePressSecretary October5,2009

EXECUTIVEORDER FederalLeadershipInEnvironmental,EnergyAndEconomicPerformance http://www.whitehouse.gov/assets/documents/2009fedleader_eo_rel.pdf Definitions: (j)"renewableenergy"meansenergyproducedbysolar,wind,biomass, landfillgas,ocean(includingtidal,wave,current,andthermal),geothermal, municipalsolidwaste,ornewhydroelectricgenerationcapacityachieved fromincreasedeficiencyoradditionsofnewcapacityatanexisting hydroelectricproject;

IncinerationTechnology

Continuous feed operation One step process

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Howisgasificationdifferent?

Batch Feed
(not shown)

Two Step process 3 Steps at CREG

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bPRa31dS0vA

See Video

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WhatdoestheEPAsay?
FederalRegisterVol.60,Dec.1995,No.243,page65385. SeetheDefinitionsat 60.51a: Municipalwastecombustor,MWC,ormunicipalwastecombustorunit: (1)Meansanysettingorequipmentthatcombustssolid,liquid,or gasifiedMSWincluding,butnotlimitedto,fielderectedincinerators (withorwithoutheatrecovery),modularincinerators(starvedairor excessair),boilers(i.e.,steamgeneratingunits),furnaces(whether suspensionfired,gratefired,massfired,oraircurtainincinerators,or fluidizedbedfired),andpyrolysis/combustionunits. TheEPAdoesnotsaythatincinerationisthatsameasgasification. Instead,itsaystheyarebothincludedasMWCs.
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FacilityDesignBlockDiagram
Collection Recyclables Recycle
HotWater Steam Electricity

Transfer Station

Feedstock preparation
Biodegradable MSW

Gasification

Sorting& Separation

DecorativeBricks FromAsh

RDFProduction Other Gasifiable MSW

Unusable MSW

Landfill

Sellthebalance oftheMSWFuel Pellets

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4.FeedstockPreparation
TheCREGCenterwillfeatureapelletizedRefuseDerivedFuel (RDF).

Pelletization ofmunicipalsolidwasteinvolvestheprocessesof segregating,crushing,mixinghighandlowheatvalueorganic wastematerialandsolidifyingittoproducefuelpelletsor briquettes. Theprocessisessentiallyamethodthatcondensesthewasteor changesitsphysicalformandenrichesitsorganiccontent throughremovalofinorganicmaterialsandmoisture. ThecalorificvalueofRDFpelletscanbearound4000kcal/kg dependinguponthepercentageoforganicmatterinthewaste, additivesandbindermaterialsusedintheprocess.
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FeedstockPreparation
Sincepelletization enrichestheorganiccontentofMSWfeedstock throughremovalofinorganicmaterialsandmoisture,itcanbeveryan effectivemethodforpreparinganenrichedfuelfeedstockforthermo chemicalprocesseslikegasification.

ThecalorificvalueofrawMSWis around1000kcal/kgwhilethatof fuelpelletsis4000kcal/kg.

Onaverage,80%oftheweightof MSWisconvertedintoRDF.

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FeedstockPreparation

MSWonthetippingfloorhasaBTUvalueofabout3,000BTUs. SomemanufacturersblendadditiveswiththeMSWfuelpellets toachieveevenhigherBTUcontent(10,00012,000BTUs/lb) fuelpellets.(Moisturecontentlessthan10%.) RDFwilltypicallyhaveahigherheatingvalueof7,0008,000 BTU/lb,whichisclosertotheBTUvalueofthesameweight ofcoal.

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Fuelpellet
Fuelpelletproductionuses oftheshelftechnology

RDFPelletVideoReferenceat:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZ_jV0dKWhk
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GasificationSystemOperation
TheClevelandfacilitywillhavefourgasificationlineswith twobatchgasifiersoperatingintandemineach gasificationline.

MaxOperatingschedule:12 hoursperdaypergasifier (365 daysperyear). Feedstock:70tonsbatch. Cycle:OnebatchofMSWwill beprocessedeachdayineach gasifier. CREGwillgasifier RDFpellets.
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5.DecorativeBricks
Dependingonitscontent,gasificationashmaybe mixedwithconstructiondebrisandothermaterialsto makebricks,oritmaybeprocessedfurtherasroad pavingmaterial. NonfiredBrickMakingProcess Clevelandsapproachwouldbebasedona techniquecalledcoldinjectionmolding. Thebrickswouldnotbefiredinakilnandareair dried.Thiscouldbemarketedasagreenproduct. Thebrickswouldbefordecorativepurposes.

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Decorative Bricks

6.AirPermitUpdate

CPP submitted the air permit application March 11, 2011 The application was reviewed and a working draft of the permit develop During this process Kinsei determined confidentiality restrictions in the application need not apply CPP amended the application disclosing all information in the application November 15, 2011
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AirPollutionControlEquipment attheCREGCenter
CREG Center will have a state-of-the-art air pollution control system that meets the best available technology requirements. Best Available Air Pollution Control Equipment Sorbent Injection Baghouse Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD)

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TheClevelandfacilitywilloperatewithin theOEPA,NSRandHAPsguidelines
OhioEPANew SourceReview(NSR)

OhioEPAHazardousAir Pollutants(HAPs)
Hydrogen Chloride (HCI) Dioxin Cadmium Mercury Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) Ammonia

Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Particulate Matter (PM10) Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Carbon Monoxide (CO) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Lead (Pb)

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AirPermitApplication
Best Available Technology (BAT)

The National Source Performance Standards (NSPS) subpart AAAA applies to small municipal waste combustion units for which construction occurred after August 30, 1999. The NSPS subpart Eb applies to new source performance standards for large municipal waste combustors constructed after September 20, 1994. Clevelands facility as proposed will emit pollutants at or below all of these levels. The BAT limits proposed for the CPP project are equivalent to, or more stringent than, each of the relevant benchmarks.
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AirQualityModeling

Ohio EPA required an air quality computer model analysis be performed on the proposed Cleveland facility. The model completed by GT Environmental predicted how different air pollutants travel away from the source of pollution.

Based on the modeling analysis, the predicted maximum off-site air quality impact for each pollutant emitted by the operation of the proposed CPP facility is well within the guidelines established by Ohio EPA
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MaximumPotentialEmissions fromtheCREGCenterFacility vs. OzoneandPM2.5SIPInventoriesforSourcesinNEOhio EmissionsfromOzoneandPM2.5SIPInventories(tons) SourceCategory MajorIndustrial Utility Area NonRoad Marine Mobile Total CREGCenterMaximum PotentialEmissions(TPY) MaxCREGCenter% ofNEOhioMajorSources VOC 3,853 258 37,045 23,710 443 18,512 86,224 34 0.04% NOx 4,796 23,905 10,982 15,960 6,478 48,068 113,040 187 0.03% PM2.5 862 2,158 1,643 787 52 596 SO2 17,760 91,065 942 284 767 362 Total 27,271 117,386 50,612 40,741 7,740 67,538 318,325 320.8 0.10%

6,352 112,709 99.8 1.57% 99 0.09%

MaximumPotentialEmissionsfromtheCREGCenterFacilityvs. Actual2009EmissionsfromMajorIndustrialandUtilitySources
NAAQS2009AirContaminantEmissionsbyCounty County AshtabulaCounty CuyahogaCounty GeaugaCounty LakeCounty LorainCounty MedinaCounty PortageCounty SummitCounty NEOhioTotal CREGMaxPotential NAAQSEmissions(TPY) MaxCREGCenter% ofNEOhioMajorSources VOC 3,056 973 18 196 584 174 359 378 5,739 34 0.59% NOx 1,245 2,296 10 7,800 5,655 75 101 426 17,607 187 1.06% SO2 4,833 5,684 6 52,030 37,608 57 24 2,153
102,394

PM (cond) 148 142 NR 2,839 499 16 8 18

3,671

PM (filt)

CO

Lead (Pb) 0.02 2.6 0.004 0.15 4.2 0.004 0.001 0.39
7.34

Total 69,507 16,276 43 64,857 45,949 444 711 3,392

204,360

230 59,995 776 9 498 773 34 71 107

5,678

6,402 NR 1,494 826 88 148 310

69,264

99 0.10%

64 1.74%

36 0.63%

112 0.16%

0.25 3.4%

532 0.26%

NR=NoneReportedbyMajorSources

Maximum Potential Total PM (F + C) Emissions from the CREG Center Facility vs. Actual Reported 2009 Total PM Emissions from Operating Major Industrial and Utility Sources Major Industrial/Utility Facility CEI Eastlake Plant RRI Energy Avon Lake Power Plant FirstEnergy Ashtabula Plant ArcelorMittal Cleveland Inc. Painesville Municipal Electric Plant Elyria Foundry Lorain Tubular Company LLC CREG Max Potential Total PM (F + C) CEI Lake Shore Plant Cleveland Thermal LLC Cargill, Incorporated - Salt Division The Medical Center Company City Eastlake Avon Lake Ashtabula Cleveland Painesville Elyria Lorain Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland Akron Cleveland County Lake Lorain Ashtabula Cuyahoga Lake Lorain Lorain Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Summit Cuyahoga
2009 PM (F + C) (tons)

3,121 824 255 180 167 163 100 99 84 73 62 29

EnvironmentalImpacts

Although air quality modeling is not required under Ohio EPA Engineering Guide #69 for mercury or dioxin, CPP elected to include modeling for those two pollutants to demonstrate the impact from the proposed facility is far less than authorized by the Ohio EPA Air Toxic Policy Option A.

Seethe MercuryEmissionFacts Handout.

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MercuryEmissions

OhioEPArequiresairqualityimpactanalysis foreverytoxicairpollutantof1tonormore AlthoughCREGwillemitfarlessthanaton ofmercuryannually,theCitymodeled mercuryimpactsfromthefacility. Theanalysisshowedmercuryemissions fromtheCREGwouldbelessthan1%of thelevelOhioEPA.

MercuryEmissions

IftheexhaustgasattheCREGisatthe maximumemissionlevelproposedintheAir Permit,themercuryemissionratewouldbe 0.0056poundsperhourforeachgasifier lineperhour. GiventhestepstheCitywilltakeatthe CREGMRF,weexpectCREGsmercury emissionstobe lower.

GHGImpactofCREGsCenter
EstimatedNetReductioninGreenhouseGas(CO2e) EmissionsfromtheOperationoftheProposedCREGCenterFacility CO2e Netting Estimated CO2e Emissions from the CPP Project Estimated CO2e Reductions: (1) Reduced CO2e from transportation to the landfill (2) Reduced CO2e emissions at landfill* (3) Reduced CO2e from coal-fired power generation Total Estimated CO2e Reductions 3,665 319,312 267,580 590,556 3,665 68,965 267,580 340,210 2013 - 2030 210,000 2031 - 2060 210,000

Net Change in Annual CO2e Emissions

-380,556

-130,210
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*Reflects the remaining useful life of the Landfill where Clevelands MSW is disposed

OtherImpacts
Sight, Smell and Noise

CREG will remove more than 97% of airborne odor The facility will be enclosed and will present even less odor in the neighborhood than the current operation Gasification has primarily water vapor emissions (no black/gray smoke) CREG will have used abroad in residential areas No increased or high volume noise effects
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7.EconomicDevelopment
Advanced Energy Projects like CREG can be a basis of the regions economic turnaround as new industries in the region develop new products and services and bring more jobs to the area.

To nurture the growth of the advanced technology industry To facilitate the business development of local corporations To propel Cleveland and the Region to the front of the international stage of advanced energy technology development
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JobsPerComponent
CREG Center operation 24/7 in 3 shifts Full time staffing needs
Collection Process: Waste Sorting: Waste Processing: Steam Compression: Gasification Operation: Power Plant Operation:
Total Direct Jobs:

N/A 24-36 12-18 18-24 18-24 18-24

90-126
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RegionalImpact
Participating Municipalities will:

Pay lower tipping fees and save money Experience lower MSW transportation cost since their MSW will not be trucked to a landfill Reduce carbon emissions caused by trucking MSW long distances to landfills

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SummaryofFacilityCost*
Estimated Facility Cost:

City-Wide Recycling (equipment & vehicles) MSW Receiving Station (MRF) Recycling Station Gasification Equipment Power Plant (20 MW) Fuel Pellet Equipment (RDF) Construction Civil Engineering* Decorative Brick Equipment Total Estimated Cost

$29 million $21 million $12 million $21 million $15 million $45 million $21 million $ 8 million $ 8 million ------------------$180 million

*Cost of Facility to be updated by PEG

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SummaryofFacilityCost
TheCitywillincursignificantcostinitsefforttominimize airpollutionfromtheCREG.

MSW Receiving Station (MRF) Gasification Equipment Fuel Pellet Equipment (RDF)

$21 $21 $45 $87

million million million million*

AtleasthalfofthecostoftheCREGCenterisduetotheCitys commitmenttominimizeairpollution.

8.AerialViewofTransferStation

71

ConceptualLayout

Everythingwill beenclosed

72

9.SelectMSWtoEnergyProjects
Gasification in operation abroad today based on Kinsei technology*

MSW to Electricity 3 MW from 100 tpd MSW Operational 2003 in Shanghai, China MSW to Syngas to fire 900 C combustion furnace Operational 2005 in Takeo City, Saga, Japan Operational 2005 in Hyogo, Japan MSW to Electricity for on-site industrial power Operational 2011 in Morioka City, Iwate, Japan MSW to Syngas to fire boiler for steam production 100 ton gasifiers produce 3 metric tons steam/hr Operational 2005 in Hensung, Korea
*Kinsei technology was used in the Citys air permit application. The City will bid all aspects of the project including the gasification component.

SelectMSWtoEnergyProjects
16.5MW,MSWtoRDF+Biomassfuel St.Crox,USVirginIsland ConstructionSpring2012 Oregon OperationalOct.2012 Plainfield,Connecticut OperationalDec.2013 St.LucieCountyFL Operational4th Qtr 2013 Edmonton,Alberta Operational4th Qtr 2012

20MW,MSWGasificationPlant

37.5MW,WasteGasificationPlant

22MW,MSWPlasmaGasification

10MGallons,MSWGasification Ethanol

10.NextSteps

Seeklegislationtohireconsultant

Jan2012

ReviewRFIandPEGresponses Makerecommendationsondevelopmentstepsfortheproject ProvideIndependentFinancialAnalysisonCREGModel

CompleteRFIrespondentprequalification CommunityBriefings

Feb2012 1st Qtr 2012

(tobescheduled)

Scheduleadditionalbriefingsasprojectprogresses

Continuediligence

1st &2nd Qtr 2012

MRFdesignoptionsandtechnology Feedstockpreparationandpelletization Financingoptions

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QUESTIONS?

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