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Univenitat InternacronaJL de Catalunya

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CUEI!.LAR I 0'. CARRAOEIDO

AUTORES: P. VALL

I C. MENDOZA I A.

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BENAGES

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IREGIENEIRAC~6IN DE T1ERIRITORIOS IINTERMIIEDIIOS

IIDENfflll)ADV(UnUM

Un rel'} !mpo:M'l~ilre ,tie pil~"mnilllcml0 )' dllell() ~.:Ij(!m~ ~I oo~11 !.'<.f,I(·~I.:In actu:lJl· se nmCi1ielos p;!fs(os d :s.:1l'lIOUadoll y en ~iilS de ~ffGl!o, es '.::l.~~ac!6n de J!lI1ibilm ~~f'riL'Q~i~k'!> acliv.1o:lM pm I~ F!l()i11~id,x1 rocleme, las nOC'V~spr,~ctic~s de produee Ci/'ill y CO~SUi!liD,. Y cI c,~t'!1!bio de eseala 00 I[I'~ foii'!ll:l!l de OOYp.:1oio~. EI pl,)~ mtcrno cst;jnoo.t no p~cde !l<)r.1i1'Uz,V III c6cl~~cIOl Y CIIlidMj amt>icnMI de clil"fLo~ sli!.icnm<lS urbaoos y ~io~ libFC's que, per so dlmcosi6n. morlolOi!!r~ y uso, C~ timKlil I" propi;) noci6n de- ci~d.:id y, (On cll;), f!~t"S iJl;'iclicM urooniSlieM 1I.l. bil~"~es. 1Di:S!:lcesta iX'i'Spo!.'IC'itv~, !os ~rt"'l!!os cOi'll~.idos 1.'1' I:! P"'L~1e p~bl iC.:lc!on !1_ jj<i)nd!.'<. D¥gunill :tiI4ogi.'<'eral R..egcncr-"ci6" de i('i'j'ilOri~s i~ti."i1l1ilo.."!:li~s, ete~t~ a y p.. Jjj<i)flar bases n~ ·!odol6giC.:lS ~rl£'t1~Jth'as, leiis!bles a I~ ioje"tid:xJ Y a 1.:1cuilur.ll local. (0,. (oste oL"i';eti."O"se dbai't!.:I 'I ,)rhill~s de 100 n~(-..QS ~M.1teri~lcosN que eeestrl..')"Cill~ cill!ll:.!~o:l • !t'i1riLorio conlCUlt")(J(jiica u'Clativoo (ll~ ii\i)~i'I,idad" 100 'SiStC'i'I1,lS ~;jI]"'100S" Y 1'(JoSC'OP'IlciQ.s Ifbl't'S); y se l'M'Ofuudirn en ~1g,iJn(~ 1'OflreoS· i'(!'1C'<'')ntC'S dC"1dro~~ "clu~1 soblle ~u rcgenCt';)CiQ.;f~{c-ulluf';} Y p.:lflieipi!.ei6n),. y cO I~ ~M('io· do~ nCOCsa,f'a p;!r,} U('v.1rl<l ~ (.100..

La Irall~formad6n de UrDallizac,iull('S, psrques inous!riakos y wanek os~·ndaw."S oomerdalt;'S (DUN liM1-IONI!S ,&:ill., 2009); o I., p,",,-SCNadoo dI! (_ospados de valotr pab'iIOOniill (S.l\ID\i~ &, al., 2001 ), 51!' plalMf!tin cad:!, vez mil II1tlB~'Or frf'Cul!lflcia. l"ruyt.oslvam02ntc allurill 0211'1 'rtulos I~lcli iCU5 y pcl~jcm Ia vclurnad de i!J5umir 'CS[ii$ tkmant/as a p8l1ir tic- Iia sud l'l'4-"ladull de Ius IllfIiioc"S muui'ei~l~os. )' la illt(_'gI"ilcitltl 00 ~'qu~rimlcli~ iiffibDeIl!tlk"S y cntt."riu5 de 111IO\Iil idti.d ID$!Cnib-!c. flcro. S1."g.UJiin'il"lILc, la niiL"jmill"y 'o'trtd.lrild6n, dil'lIuClSllfill dudad - ~"I"fhorPo d~f~ incorp;llHTllr, comoar,~,Un'lib'il:v cl!1i1fal, cl r('Ci,Qla~c'til! (_"SIl1I.IduriliS fJr,C!!}Iistente5 tilt ordL'iii mill)' divt."Ili-(I.. En lOStt." '~Iltido. ~~ ~rmino 't(~'fI("r<liti6n~ r,t.'Sultil ~osp;Lo;::iillnll!'lltotl<JXIfLuno pJl'que rch.a5<1d siMple ~alTilbiu fiSioo dltmtMIu p.or el Ik'filli IlU t ~K1ornia"; )' jiIIll'IiI: el ii.c!i!lfIl.uen la ctNlvt.'fli(_'Dtia de r(i~altJij"iiJ oDiI nuc'l/OS uSDS,¥ a~tl!nlk:a \'iri8 urbana, ell ~iijiiliLl COIi:.'ilIiiIiO'ifM.'fiitlo en Iii col'l'!lruod6n ,de unl02rriloriu de iilfli&U.tl II i ntensa ocup<litiun.

U reform..1 de 100 l:ejidos y.bai'!OO oeinFil~ OOJ oeupado YOi'! II:!g¥ IPIrCCf!'!llOC',n!een i Ia yroaill~i{<! de llos (j'tilil'l~ 30 aiioo en i'll..ll.":Itropais. Se pu!."!J!e <lr.FI'!I!.lF, enlMnioos &~i'iet<lIC5, t!,,1e 10liiiC'jorilu.fXlnii ~nlp~i'ldid:l por 1M O\)'IIIi'!t.l.mie;1l00S demo r.ilims II.l sitlo ril:!cl!~ 'Fil 'f h~ p<lFmiliido 1,1coo>1ruoci6fl, de un CJJil"i'IIJO I :6rico y pr.ict!co sol,oo P.~f,) "~lelVt'nj'r 'n I~ C,llJl(I,)c:I compilela (BOHIGAS. 19A5: !}USQUHS" 19911, PcfO I,) J1C1ibC ion mo:!lr,l(l.1l:1.1ci,l I~ IC,] !(I;:~ .;erI[r,}les, (:()il!rJ5Iil (on litl despreocu~ci6i1 g\"nefill h.)ci;] IOHistcm;]~ tifOOIlfJiS, b~fr=trlJctur.~s ~ espactos libres qtJc ;;:on{ormiln. Il\S perifCt'i,lS., ~I rcsult;!;:;lo 00 esta ~lem",lo~ es oien cOi'!ocid::!: UilIll Qiu;:;lild· t<l·l'IillOrio 00r mcrnbi'Jd:Ji que J IWfiil ,~Fe'i1S dl'l.111.1,~lid:l{llIrt")ii!.1 con onas (Ie ;;:ondicilln incieiU )' e:;iXIC~ 11i)~ ,nlCFlili( i,~les IpeiOd~~~ ;;Ie OOfln ic~on. L" mejor,i1 de 1,1S piez,ls nmasdI!I:lilcs. I" pr(:se"",,(iO~ de 1M ,:ireils (Ie slngulJf nf1.!eres p..11~inilloni'lly, CSp;ccJJlmeill!oe, I" rCOO"1'lp~ici6n ~ fos rr~g.nmen·LoS Uth sistem.1 Ud),U10 :!oliioo~io, en q[!lOCI,)i'i too..YIIi~ l:IOr 1fCS(>l'.'eI'. Segur.!~~ COf!~icne ""'Icnder {·I csluerzo '(.11'1~,l(I(lIi' p~~j'jle moSs ,)1I;jd '100 tcjidoo tf.;)dic'Ollalcs, cn un nuevo cicio ~ ,(·form.;) inl> PLi!s.100 COil lIisiOfl ti."i1rr1ori[!1 (FONT. 200; I y en ecruil il!lrio (;On ell cnlorno n;II\ilf,lU i' O!gtJlio. Pcm I" ilplDcaC ion inl'il("j'i,ltl ~ I;)s eslfJtegi')S ;]pren~JrdJS en I,) clud'~d Ooo'I)1<1C1:.1, ~.:I n() es po!mle, y SOlI n(,.;;{·l.lr!OIS, I1CffJmienl;]So {Ie t,r.:ii),),o ('SjJeCmCJS,

Con1illrlJlUSr,(~idencitll(_"SC' ilidu5bri~'11I!; de bilja dcnsidad. end;'M;os de 5~nlidt! IDl"lWljGlitano, 'UlrI1cd'or'cs de- inrrac!'l~uctura~; y ~rOOl'~Il. p.uqul3 iij,jrarios,parquCS nu~,r.lllos 0 espaclos pabri ll11wliak-s. 'm~'Dd'~'I1 p~rliltirse cemo u Ilid:tdts ru liclOI1t1k-s. wn icl'j_"jjtidatl a fJr<Ifli~, denIm de- 'ill 'cilJltliid - l("lril.uoo COn1~'llinpOt'~llca. ~'!4.05 nucvos ~mbi~us. ~ mCllutiu de ran~u suprarnu liiltipal, y;J 1m rL'SJlOll~'f1 ~osbri(1mrn~'11lc 'as tllvis~ ill 3d'Minimativas ~ost.ili&'~idM. si no ~. dt:lumitacion('S ad hoc tI~ ,~nftJOquedi\'~r5D Ifundonal, unoriul6jJito, ambi(_'fI~I), y K"qul~r~n ~ il1ll(~1adolt'-"S iYnl(y~da5 y li'aoC1lus'C!op~'Cifko!)Spara K"WI¥t.'( wilfi ictm y ~pro\"",'Char 1JgJ0000Lunidtidcs (VAUL, 20'10). Lit COilld'icWll'l ilfl!ll!l1'Dl-dia di: lOStm 'l('(,ri'lmiM !;C ptltl'iibiza, 031 nicnus, illK"S 1ft i\\ck-s; • 'I) oc'nosilan v~sion~'S tt."nitwialcs de larga diSlillndti ~ \,isjODl'5 moofiM oercanes simullan(_'a~ (2) pl'(ost!ll1an una rolbdki6n up)a~ incirrta t! i M~abackI, y se {'iiC1:!Cnllfalfl ('If 1 una siIuacioii d~ c<llfIibio ruooi(mal, dootl'e los, uses originalc!l (S4_'gllJliOO t(~ideiiCi~ indu~lria. ;lI~cultura) sc eii~iqLII::.'een COli usos mas c-omplejos )' de 1M}'UtIlii!lOt illiadido (priIIilY;)] l'(~id('iiCia, ~"I"Vici{)!. oci!O). L~ prugn:~iva COii~idMi&1i de ~'Sp<1C'ios e (~1a IlalUral('Zil 00i:xl('CC, ill grillit!'los ra~J,'OO, d ill dos 1)nua.'SO!la~astNliros prl.'!iClitcs en la COIfISlruc:c-i61idc la dudatl· ICrrilOl'iO; por un lad\), I~ ocup~i6n de Su(~O iI d.{~ntla, suici:O li;kicamclfI1c a las liliiitadolk'S impu('S~ por el I'(~i"(~ y las infra(osbrucluraHl'c acceso dispoon il!il('S; ~',1)01 oir", la pt\L"S{'Iv.llcitin dc· ~liIIbilOS ,de !3pL"Cial valor nalurill ~ cullural. L.! '0!:IiIsidc'rac:i6n d'c illl'Ibas oi I,~mkill!o. perm'ite t!l'I5<'lya~una jiriiiiCrii cIIasificaci6n dc I~ It'uilOnOS illli"lmc-dios C'1idos gfilnoc"S g.ru-

po-s_Twi~,grio~ inl~ed'im
menliirio

de ~r~e;r I!ilr:b~nl) re5u'Il\.1.nte!> rr()C~ de orecim ienln rrilgde y $'in ",iijiion ~oh:ll. En e:;le C.)5{), I.~ inlP,lWlll;i6n I.llrb:lnisl it:.) SI!! dirigir;l ;) 1:1,,·er· lellf.lciiin de los ~nnilJnl'(iS y ~ ~I,l 4;01I1<jn1 idaci6n ~Irh"n'.;i_
_Tcrri'kiri\u Lliltrmooit!is de e.aratler p.lIlrimooiill astlciliidm ;!i la pJ1.~",,,,,d6n dc C!opadus 00 iIltc~& al11hi~lftlill. ~n (_'5~aOCilSWII, d equ ili'briu enln:t la (undon, ("l:or.6gkill 'I ~itll 00 ~ostti1.iln'bito1 Y 5U \'li}1l;llidtJd ccoo6lf1ik~ ~crili d o'bjcbhu principal. La prolif~'lTilid6n, tI~ ttrrilUnos di: ~a n.t1urtJ.l~'Zaflosponoo, ~'ii bui:lia 1fIi~'tIidti, al dt."SOrtilln

I2n 103 aruculacion 012' siMl't!1f1ss urbaoos, C!pacios librf'!i c ililrtlC!!;IrUCluras uc:a.sioIiildo por la im:i!paddiltl delpbncamiil-",lo tlWliicipiil Y !i'I:'CIlliial de g;trantiza" pOr SI mislliID5, Iii ~IiCl1t!lfIda ~' C:illidiad aml:ii!.!l'llal de un !~rriilOl'iu c;ida vez mas inlt.~ grado. Ante CSit1!' heche, la ,oDtM.'1liC'ncia ,dC'csubk'Ct!r marcos dt! coordiliad6n intcn'li~-dio5 ~'Sp.;iulaliniln'K.'Ilte asumida; y'!<C han Ik"l'iido a cabo, dm<Ln!oCIus ulli:rfii}S .anus, imr.lOr1anK'!i ('Si91"lZOS fl'lJlitf.r::os jJ8ra pe...lllar 1m rnstrUn'Iil"llllr:ls k~I('5 ¥ 1II!~ll~km d~'5!d~ los cuelcs ~rfIIlprcndcr la Itall5fmmad6n tk ~ml:iitM SUpt'iI,rfIIlunidpiile~ eonsiM.~'Illk'!i. ~n ustc '5C'l1tido, Iii nur:.....a~R"laC'iun de I"bn~'!! Dirf'lt!iifi"S Ur;btini~bi~os impulsad;r dcsd~ ~~ariio 2004 pOrr cl gObiit!lI1iOcillaM~n ~NEL-LO, 20001 hti .sido un ~ ~1gniifici'lIMl, 1~'IU'los aiViin~'S C'll cl marco ICJ¥II y urUarli<!;iioo requ i~n.'Il el ilpO)'O de bases rIfI~roOOl6gieil5 ,rfu io'lll2n.lCl1d6n aQ(o:c:uadas. IPor ~'!ilc IOOli\'O, 121 rnejur !:tliIiOCil1li~'Il1.o de 1m IiUL"!iU5 wl~ljoI1ClfIlC;'S de la dudad - tt'rriLOno, 'sean lorrliills de o(''(:imit!lfI'Io o ('!I,jJacios libres; Iii i nl1:"g.raciull d~ dcmandas ~m~rgt!l'It~'S cerno d sclilidb de coMunidai'! y Ii'! ealidad de \,ttl;r; y C;'!iIK'Cial~n!C.. Ia. iocorpmad6n de una IJrik1ica lf~bal'li5Iica n.'fIDi>'ada, r(~lli1In c~j!JR(_'!l ~'SCnciak'5.. IEII nociriii~'Ilto ilclu~g .11res;IR'C1O ,disp.r_'I'5o m ('S ~'.sobre !OOo, prXu wliIlplllr;1idb Clflllrc !\'!upas til! i 11'o'(~igaciull t'Ur·DpC'OS [loclk-arflll~'fi~aIfl05. A Iilit'llWOO, b dt~cnp'y cian (?JliIu~th<;'l tI~ ltos ~';pi~io~ IOC;iI('!! no dc~ ('!ipiLOio para 'visitrorlcs COf'r'lp.:1Jativas que IXldrian, ~nsamdiiLr y ItiICjOr'ar 1<iSh('ffafiiier~i.a~ ~ ~j;iliaj~)opr'O;p~as. Pat' (~Lc nl~ivo, ~I COii'i'Cliielilcs ('SflJlcrzos ~iicaf'r'lin~oos a <1~j QO;r:rocimielitCl 'i:(~ wi~'O y pri'ieaico, i'IIlr,plio, ~ ('!.IrucLllJlraoo, para ~iIJ di\ili!,!~iG, pr{I'f'Ccro, ~.gesli6n ur!:li:rniSlica tI~ !erriOOIiiM liiil(·fjiK-dio:!. mil el db;elhu de V('Itdlrarlm. rcvalcrar-los y doGarlos de idcl'Iliood Ii~iea y social. En t!1 maID) de cste prqljQj.itCl ncocsariarfIIl{'fI1.e COI~I~VO, la p~C!>C'i'ltc IwIllic~citNl !<C IIJlanlcii ,tk.~dr: IUI'I inlt.n-s (~pr:'C'mco; la illcnC1i6ii pOr 121 itlcli'1lidi.'ld localy 105\'310r(~ ruftura!t.os r~ropios.

Mlisll10 lradidoool ). iIll rifles rCciC'llte {'Cologisrlflo, Dc IK.Qiio, ambois \'~iul1i!S coi'l1dtl~n (!n un cicrlO carikl~r Il1!X:aniro ct!mriloo ~"II la ~lid(!l'ltOl!' cQrculad6n de fiUj05, tk pr:"l'SOoos,m~'fCafitia5 y 5(.'f\<id05, (I dIe l1ul~illl'l1.~'S ~'~-"Itrgia. La aPlUlIimadull cuill.! ralislilJ apal'M. C'1l Ciliil!biO. el · alcr aiiaclido de un tlL'Ciho ,milliltiLh·o rrn.'Pctiblc; IIa id~"Illidacl ... local, fisica ¥ 5t1C'ial. EstOl!' C'llroqUc.. de dl!r;1a Iraclid6n ~n cl IIR!mamit!liIlu d1!' l;r cludad (OHOAY. I%5l. SC' mcorpcra, m.is ~'CtlC'l1tcl1ilCntt..t'l'lla ocfi~'Xi&i Soom '<is nucvM perl'critrls (FIlA'I1DEN. 2003). E I (aclm' oulbural M 'sido ~r~.didonalmcntc cUl1sidcratfAJ Wino un, ar~Umt'lilo m~'I'kH' t!1'I la p;r<kt1ica dl:!l pl~n~1imiCnlo, ~. m<l. qUl-di'l.dO rell'gildo din fl1."CUL~ndaalia oontlkiol'l tk t~lli'l infornMl1va an,_'SlJtriil~ No OO~li'IJite. los nxursos culiurak'!i, ~5()Ciiioo5 a Iii ldcnIt(jacl y ~, 1i'!1iIi~_ri~ locill. PU{..r11 jUjl.lJ un 1li.'lpr:1rl2!r:':Vanicen la ~'Stn~'f~d6r1 dC! lerritori~ intcmK"idiM. EI palrimoniu - pai~j1!' Pi<J (~ solo un heche ~"SC6I1iw. sino prollLmliln'lll"llte ~'5!r1Il.(_1IJ!al en !JOn!iL'CUcncia, de alia Cil,lliicitlad <il1kulaooril. Por ~'!itt' y. mOli\'O. cl p~'SO (M pallrillionio, oo'lio ~'1lla oc....alorizad6n de arnuilUS d1!' i I1le~13Mlural )' rullur:rl. pu~-dc r6\i1llar liirflllbiell ~i!:llillcatilVO ~II la iIlC'jora dt $~'C!orL'5 u rl:ialllzauus 00000:: los rfIIlillCrlak'S IlK"(.'Xhtelllt.'S !iOn 11'1('1105 I1Crl:Cplil>l('!i. fur otro bU(l, cl FJil.Irimonlo conccta al dudadaliucon su IT1ctlio, wn51ru::t1!'~lltidod~collilunidady PU('CI~aclivar la ~lidpild6r1l y 121 comprorfllli~ d:"'ku. L~ ifllf("SItgaC'iun ~'OI'c'CIj".<'i se llt'(o5(_'iiMa oofllilluaCrtlrfl rJt\(1{'IiitI~ K'5pOOticr a Ia. inque difcr'('I\Oti~ ~~i.ilId:t per I.~,pCnIid\;l tI~ ~"Iltido (f{~ lu,gar. y.3 IlilIve~ asume Ijlen~mmLc cl esfucreo cOClHlinaOOF c intCr"'C'!.c.~larque rCC~<l11n.il otror1diei6n umaria CMl('1llpOl'<inca. I~ ~il este PUiiLo, la fund6ri s;oci~1 dId ilKl,uiK'Cto 'SC' irnlcrprcta eomo C~rollll:rrumi~ de reCOflOC1.'1l'rt"l'3lorat las ror:l(~ d,r:'lllii!ril'l'lOliio, indu~o 'cuaooo no ~! C'IIitiCrnK'1,). de rcin1cgt';l_!iIa~ ;1 iii ciur:l;id - LmiltiliiCl CllnUC!Va$ iirlicliilacioncs q~ c:on!CIlgil.ll (~ §(~llioo cu'IMal y civioo indispclisab!c para cl bimr:"SIar II el prog.r'(~o ~;11.

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Ma5 i'l11~dr:'1fIL11CrOI'i'~(l'ii('ii1liincfloC'icme y los c()~iLoss(llti~lcs tlcn ... dos del ron. a suiOO tIC' ~uclo ilT'i."!fXlilq!>a,blL'., impor~'lJrlLc rcrnarcar la p~rdidii dIe C:.~j;tClerdcl (OS !erriOOrf'iO ~il~i)()nada ~r I.~dQl;lruccrliil de las l1.ofc(f{'iiCi~s~ul'lm:ll('!i y ci\'~ lpn:~ C~~1J:.'Il[('S.~P'I SW w~tihldun IXlr conlcrn,idos, :r'ltcrl'liLiY'i'OS. L~ p.~~saj,('S a!lrl!:(lb~ ~ll1."(nipla:tadM por (~ILorfIoOS ('tlificatl'~ 3n6ninlM y liIc'!orun('CtiitI'os d.c- 1<1Sarp niru~i'II'id;1t1I:.~ IUg1ir. COf'r'lOr'(~ullad'(), los s;igrti(l~ de itk.~nidad de Iia ciutlad - oc~ dd lI1'i orio Ilcndcn, a linlitiirSC' a !'os C;]Sl"OS urbi'inos Ir~di'CiOPiil.l('S tI'ondc se han L LIt:'!iaooIIMO poIrlJicas d~ rell-wi liWICiun. y ill illgulKJoS eruSl1."f~ Siingul.m:.'SdOfldc !<C ~t<lJil111lf('SCw.itlo vakHf('S an1!:1i('IlI~IL'S, Este pr~O lo~ comu]l de ,d'isolooiun de la itF!:'I'I1idiid ff~ica Ria sid'o a~iiXI'o C{(II el di:t.il ili'if'r'liclilO tiel scnlid'o cIC' wmunitr.,d (\lA1.l .5. al. ~(J'I 01lL.alorna ~ COnCH:IKitl '!ODrc I!:Jp(!(fdida del scrnlidb .[f(~IUglir S;ilu~ ('(I r.ll'imr:'f plarlO t!1 valor 'CSlriL1ttgioo del r.t.~ll1imonio.. L.~ouiLura 11."ltI~mto'l cs~io w Ilropio Cll I~ K'g('rleraeiun, de 1M ICrr~l!:lI'i~ i Iltt'rmedios. COIM ~'Of'r'IpICf'r'ICMO funcio. 31

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co
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_ 1[ID'A!!I."'.j'ii~ 11[QI,If.LiiI;iltI!~ I 1ltU'~"I'Il~~

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---

R,EPIiiINSAR. lEN CAiM'

Diindo~'El\fOl. al ~Elwri~orio
("nnE'!'! Mertdoza A'loyor

I Al\'am CIJtWaIJ~f~rni1ki

E~.e bi'jiba.~ sc i~ri!Jc como una ilJXi<rta1)i6n ill c(ji~ociilfJllienlo de II~ fC'~1 idiJ..d ri· slca de ef'!C~~p y del ~e OC'IFiLmial~que se lfJII!lrlifiC'~12Ien 1M c~lil~d~ de su moo'io ~1fJII!:li(~ql'C'. oo!:ll~~nlr;)t!;t Ciriel;ltitr<'itil ,cnroqu~ mc!OOol6g;ioo di:1 Es~ 'ltaIJ~.i1!}, el {~uC r.n~~IfJII('iI'IC ~'()ndudr:! <:lIladl:.'ii'iiici6n, til: una (~t~lcgj~ de OrMS dl:.'~i6i'1 en ,es1c t{'rritMCi. La mci)J){folo~filJ ~ lAU~llI1c:ada iI estc prO}'i'CtoO·~ hliSill!'lllK"S prtm~s~.tn~'1tal~'S; (I) una vision cullw<iJ1 (~ndill pa;r<io d r~'COIKIdil'li~'I\1!lJ ¥ K'Cikltijl!' tk 105 mat('rial~"l f'lstms ¥ 5(l(ii~l~ ~"l~'Cl1i1ru5 que IftMi m~j;Uido ~~wl:r.i~r.iltt! 50Drt ifl cual W prtlA!'liId'1!' inttn.ltnir; tn una ",i~i6n iiiiA.~ r!:!9C<llarque IPJanl~ in1.iJ,'IVl!n!:ion~'Sunililrias y (!Sllra1~= con un dasarrnllo fI&.>;ibl~]I' pii:w!<!.tlode lias ~jilr1(!S (3) uii<I vision inl~llfill d~ IJ~'Cto y r gt.~iOO am un d'ia!oso conHn!lJllJ' l~lfl:lOr"',,"!JI'r[tlo ai ril:;ioo a oanducir res Il~s tI~ dn 1l~:msrtJrn'IliIddI1 alliitrtGS. UniI, ~i5i6n~lohal y, ~n ti~'1I'Ilpo,om !!I tI~tall~ ~wflC'I~Ill1.~ rara pod@f enc.lj~r arlecu.IDamen'le Ins sig.ll!ienl~ obj~i!IOs SenBrales:
-Ordanar y !JCi~ci~r Iia id~nlidlad dal nudoo ullbilm.o de Encamp: territoria~. re&!orido a

Ins

~;g.1

lejidos urbanos, IlM[!5is'~ funcicnaliliiiento se llI1!!'zdanooo barrios ~i[r.eoci~l~ baja d~nsirlad.

NuciooG 'f IraIDils uIlJ;!IJ}iIS

ho!·~I~ y lJilhanizaciones ri:!Sid~nciar.es de

-\,!'jncul~r

COIDj]~tibiil~zar r.05U5D:>OOO

la fmm.l cli!!1 territm'iCl:~""llu~r SA!Gunn.~

divarsas, Un clilmlm-

<I:J]~ilud ,r~lA!friloriD $ionallmj~n~o m.is

la cap<I>Cid;u:1 Il<Ir~ aDDGE!f cti~rlades; a inl~sid<ld

cIe octlIflilcilim ~un d~1w~If.illo l~rrilCIJi.il1'I .ilm11ien~~I.qu~d~ie I,ll ~I!lidrln

.Rev.llmi~.ilrr el ,oonj~,ilnICl f~r:;CI$ ~

cle,;de b

Ik~ cap.;u;:'itl.ld pnrt.ilnte

.illprim!.

p..l!rilmloni'lf.e$ .. Se !r~~,l de pnner en 'oI;Ilor'l

elo1~cllur.)1llfin OOQl!lj~n~CI l«-uFW&, de mi:o;..l,~I ser\>jci~Hle lin ~Io

<Ilr.,:~ (Ie ~.)liJ

y ponerl05

denm'l (Ie' Ull;~ perlopeC~iv,l din~'11mlE!que I~ oon!'erv.l~~om ~ .)Ic.~n~.)

de desllrmllo

~~enICl~SU nl.)nlenimien1o

jl'lr.)_ 1F.5tO 5i~nifl~.) OOQlmlpremder ~Is~no~ ~~_ en

~sfi'lrID<i~i&J1I_

·~egu!~r ,el ~loO} de II;!" intr.)eSI[UCIUfJ5 ~:L~~reo;;ien(lolIn~ j'jlovJlid~(I s06tenll:)le_ E~c~i'I1p C'S. un .~"i!(!>ri,,» 0001 une <liM d'cj;)enOO1lcio1J~pocto de fn(!!><llld[ldi.:5e ~mtCill~r.'i e.>t;:[b~ nCii':.:'.!!lio. 1. Dr. A.r4lui[;K'Ll.Ur.i..~ 1. i\.i!l • .ANjui~ll;\.lhii1r'l!'l"'.;iLlI
Inll!f,MOion.:JI Or
c.ar.IlII.IrT}'ol'-

(!Ie w in[tJeilriJOUjr,l Ui1;l ~~I\mci05f1 ,)1.

crilerlQl;

fKI'o1J ~Illil)()r¥

'rem~tiv~ qt~ lncorpooFe el ~;)Iior c:lifer~~ol~1 ~~re ;:1!;cC'Si'b;llid,~(I, i1J1IOo'<'lli(io:!<! e il~·

~111l~i1.l:ir.ui:.or

..~

1'rJ:ft16.I!:i1Jn..LI iiJc CUlulI.1;,L

..Irn..ruc:j::!MyrJltlXlJl:iallw

rwir' ufla eli r'!."::iiil (lcn'r~1 q~c Ori!i:iit-C ~1QrOCiflli(~-lro y .r~m.forn1~ci6n .

'CtIIW!·

de ~n"

"Da.r ~Ior ~II Wiljun~o po' Soor~ I~ in(Jh<ioo31 i.:i!MI, ~OC!Cic~iid'H~ii cl piJJis~jc cl principal <'L1ribuloy rr."t::ulW qlllt!' hiIy ,[~UCO~li:lltk'1. ·Co~rui r I!'I fuUwlftJ08 gllc~mp dt:"3.d~ la pu!31a en ~<lJlord\J;~ p\J~5iLj~{fit rnont.tiia, t("!COnoci,,~~do las, d~~\l'5para su inIL~'OCi6n '8n, Iii fmmallr<idoc:ion:al d~ 'oDn~1~wir; -La nueva imw'iii d~ Encamp 5~d~-bt! c~l1struir ~ Iia opcl1l11l1icll!ldde SU5 ViI·
dos siin ',~m"'f qu~ ,oolma!arklGKffiilr ,,-sp.acios 00 11..f~f4!nCi~.IlJI,fjar!:!Srun itl'mli·

d',iia y pCb {fe ,oonlrilliidati [~1JI~ conc'l!Illru ~~ac1iyidacll mas udmna 'f valoric~ el ernorne. s~ debe e~il .. r ea r~llk>nD homosenooy K!r'orz~r u maesIruclurili permeaW~ h~cr.a eI ;I~itorio.. ·Del irnitar las amlls da crocimielll1:o I1BOOm~l'U)'Ncl'o las rEn.'Kiiont;!S am eI ~_iqo·
rio, ·Plfoponi!lr
IJIl},iI coron.~ diE l!'!p.lCiCl5;lihrw en tom~ ~ lns P'lil1icipa~ ~re<as ,urh~· n iza['~s en fi:Jrm.~ de corredcres qUE enlazan p.lrqllES', ~seos ~ plaz,l.S moonas,

·Mil~imiz-ar

lil pmle<:cioo d~~ 5!11!!Io ml:lani7.able IiiD

m.lIUH<lI;

Ilrilnoo P.1Kj!!Jll!S ilJlrilriruy

,c!if{)r'~n~p.s sp;u;:io~ deinl~ e

~ d\o!fI nir ~u e:s,1I1l1cbura. imemrmdores ~gmroresl .. .les qHe conecten entre· si kl;;

I.:) ~llm(I.~

r~1e(!e:I

~~

'50!!

d~io'i

~ UR,~n~Ii!i1:; pr<>J)Il'iilil"~ que pem1i~ OOl}ltnrir

~'e e!l~l:t~~;lj pl)Cr.ll !floe (ferille ell Pr(Jflll(!l.l.15 (Ie pmible:; oc·••wo)llD!; de ~lgIl~(l~ ~le'w e!'~"~~lC-;I& I~I"i~cl. EI bI~I)~jo de ~[;'I ~Jp;l ilI:!m6 O)fi O}tli oor.~ir ~,,..,io~ ql!!: !X'~m~rtr~mP't dii1l1(1i16i(ljli~tpmiblc:; ~r~flsio~mJ!Ci(!ii('!i. (uWrJ5 ~rJ Eflc~i11po,. l~~ IpropuC'SIM·~ Ilo~~1l.m'!M i!l~~N;t,~ de 6~e~m~ ii'!c:!~y(l[l mejoms ..oo.~~ los ~~"rl.~. ~~~~(Il.;; ~iJ.!\io\ ~~ !~u. r .is.t(.'li'!~~ c~~lino~ y bil'l!('Hu!l~r~~ S{lb~eeI .is.:(.'Ii'!~~i~ri(> se ~~ r«iC:!~' !~ ~ia~ioo!! !OO;)I~H.'(i(li)ij:) !~ J;!1ic~!<lCioo {!fIiJ(:. oreeimic1lto:! ~nci:J!M. SC' refut'f~ I~ ,eoor~ioo ~ 100 C"MeO! u.~~ ~'!i.'(Ii'llnlC ~)CUlo~liz~oo~lI'il"!Cu~dns a l"qUip;'Inli(!fl~ 0 'sNvicios. y se ~lultll\OCfos de i~ :1J;ocia ~ 'Py~~§ y~ItIM • ~ 1.!1! zonas YFba~.:Ii! ~d'e !<'I n~ev<'!c.:L!'relCr~llacio!!lIl f'.1l. Eltl c~~ro;jJ ~i~lrn'1a at ~~io! ~itiitt'l, ~ liH'optine 13 coosol~ci6lg tIC' w~ si£,lc~ dot ~ IJllQIDs 1!1m.~lCllfiroml que r{-Iocre(! ~ ooi1liiil1Ji~(j dc' IDs Ct!fr{~~. nalllJrillC~ gtnctl!i!o:!: poi las riC'ta~y I~ r{'Cupi!r~ei6n ~I ~i(j Vi:Ililtl COOiO ~jey('tdc li~(?~II.~I riC!Vi11ira de!x! rccupcrar su r~mci6n sod~1 ~'11',,'tJui~i~iIHOO su funciOjH-.wIt\gita. Asimismo, ~~t :~'111.'! & (~Io:! li~ ~ scr tk ~%aIi1 'f rullllill~.li1 ai~ ~'11 con~nwidad 'f r(oIiJooi1liloo' cilrllos I~ mooooo. ~n cllli1~[lj~, la prDp~'tiI~ tit camioos y bi~l1I(~ ru1lllJrtI'IL'5 pW-' ~ ~Xinoe11l!SC~lar camlnos y las '-cl'as b pcr su j'1)l~ palrii11Dnii31 'f su 5i~liIific<lti6n 00I~uilr.i. ~ billLan u!-OSalt(!fn~li~tIS clQ ~'fmcia pQr~ 1<15 IxlroDa5, y ~ ~inr~l<I~ a ~~0.~ ~DlIIiIJos. di! ii}IJ:n1scuhural Y IliIi5iljisbim
~1l.iI1!ffl~1~ ~~nr~(i~~

L~ Pro.PIll"ll~. at ~"lIr!.ICtllia ~'[IItTal ~llc'I1llt1iv~ S~dt:.~rrollil inellwj'Moo d m~lOOo. dol! im:imot:'1iici6n de L\U que ool'l:!i!ii.C t"ll {~ disc·rlO at ~ 'nililril: liloi~.· &1~'Crot ~tlf'Itc" lJid~ rot'I'lO {~ ~i~lt'li'I~. ~rtietJ!;ldl:! dol! tt"r(;'(tl'lC~s ur!);l~M" parqlf4_~ ~iM d~ic:~s, IiOOI:!s·O!: ~cqividad ~'SJ~-Qia1-qut pi.'fliiioon iii Com~lZll!iioo, ~"trrubra06m y pC'\\1IIOCiLCioo ~toIiti& 1";00wibilno. !VALl. LOW, MEN[)OZII &;t\. .~0l1). 1511 cilsodt E~t.~mp la 'iMlFiz d·~I vittI-· la dttlOO1li~~ "I'rI~lriz piilril'rOOnl~l· (r.i~,ft) tll ~lOConlrar M rur~itntiil5 m d S!JlBlr~to natural, carnlnos ~I'iIJkiOMIes.y ·i!'lI!l'rill'fiM arqliioor[6niooo 5if1l.l'llilrP.S001110 liIi!
~5c

En la cll:lflnki6noo es!Ir.I~ica~ c~ ~

la prllll~'S!IiI dh'S!lruclwr~

p~al
efl [,3

U'i\il- n 51!' ~~M

esllru!I:lulra .~liII!fiIl

I<K unid\ldes

inlt!r1lrocioo_ rll:1!1C!5i1eco_ r

ullas ~I p;lC~ci~l

cilliIrizaOOr

pro-

00 cr·l!CirniEjJ;ll.. c!3r)1r~lid~.d 0 n~wipa:mi~liilfr.

FJfDPul!Sla !:!S.

cam zona deliilm del ccniunto r.esta:

'1m

un I1r1«IeIDde on:ll!I1oci6n di&!mociaclo ~lim I~ ocupacioo deisuelD 11' I~. pD:5[cioo. da EI1~~ W propo!'lMvias oiWcas~ iililill!filw pe<I.~~t~ I10Cim~ ~jjivid~.d 'f ~n?a~ ~(lll1r~li!s. Se idOOlill~m las ro~~~d'(lCU~.d<K pi!1'iI llWil!'u(lCimiBIl1O!> N!Sid~cial!:!S.

y~

~ip'jfiican

I!j}

rwmcion d'e !.U rebcion

00

COR ~~

~aes!ruclura

d~I:ordI! a Io:s
I!t!1

I1UE!\'OS ~

pOO.iItG 'f frooll!'S

t.os

11~~

1Mhanm.
cBRlr~&!!; 00

crB[imi"'ll1~

infiill en t(!rrl!t!1Q!;urn'\ilmiiz~b!I!!;

y u!OCimiellilQ!;.1!'{I I<K~r.~~

IQ!; niiH:m Iramicirm'iI&!!; 00 Mlruqllll!r.ll 'f Tmmat. i\i;il11lismo.. se prnpQ~ oomp&!ITIl~lliliIJi~ diid do!! ru_. l!!:J)Jipamil!mbll6 y espacies publil:Q!;q~ cDnfis.~raR ~!!!mr'11id'ad, eon t.iI~~ r-mpoo:;ion~r diller,;ilbd fllociollml y ~liel.J.d ~lih';in~1 OOJljWIlIIG. ~I ~~ pmpU~I~ ell!!~mhitoo !!$!r~I~O!i (fig. II) se resume
i!lrl

~rua1fo!!$I.ral~S

url'l.'lm1.-;.:

r!~ ·Op;li'.l~iooel·~· ~lr~Iid;j~

V.)lif<l. mMe.ls·~~rmlln
ffH'fJlillll

m oper;ldone:;

de Ir~MIlers.)I[d;!d ~ reot~per.l~i&11k1 rkl

riI1n 5ef

p'liiiljilti(;Oy~~~ ,1ffj,l IO&f5liC<l-W,lS uni~.)r~Hlepr~!'1!~100 l p,lf1e de I,~ pr<:Jjlllli!ll~ ~,11lI~~ ellnr!l;lllIf.ll~ otup.1ciOn p<lr~ IErH;~l1i1pq'lIe pu~ de 1 pen~lS .~r.~ y en uni~ de &eltiOn In (:1~1f.)'>~~ S\I (u.~r~ oollll;feotioo_ de Cl)l'Ilr,lli!!bQ(Fi~, 9), p~il!!)n
qlll' ~itn oo:i14r.Jffe;I·~r diijJef!![,QJI:l(;IU,l'l~ L)

m t~~q)l)I.Jcion~
d;)d.

1r.1.~.;Ie I,) O[N1~tr.)Cill:B.;Ie ~ai\ii(l,l~

ID ~'~i6R

de rol~ de O;e;I'r~li.

t,,~opct'JCIOn(lS &:: IrJm.,,=lldad 11' il!}I;u~~,i6~ dC'l1lo OO1I5ll1l!~'t~II! dlroorril: 0(_'ji1. '!rd~de! ol"Cii'ni~o y ll!'~~fooj'mci6n dr IlI~~'P d~ !~ rl"C!.!IJ)Cfdci6fidr! riC> V,,!it:J. RJf1lJ ·el!C!,i'!: i!l~n1ttw ~~ rir~~ilc> ~~ro~! ,x!!'!tinuo. i\Ctt!iJer~noo ("!;pllCiCljii!l:t'I>lic~!B CflI Sy~ bo~ ~~[J OO1a,iode ooif..;iQ!.!k eq~lp~~~i(l[llO~ ~igni~c~cion oo!~lffil. t~roo 11' v~[!iz:!ei6n dcl US!) dcl flO eomo clrr~e[~o ar:i[.cul..oor pnsa jlI(l4' gl'iM!far cruees tr~nwct· ~!~ al ~io·en pynll:lS C!tf~~Ct~ dt ~i'!ear~p. ~a ~u('v<l in~~ de E~eMljfl sc erea ~. la (Ipo~~ltIi>:Ddd~ ses ~OO:!. E~~de de! ~ y ~s ereees ereu~ !1,Ig.:lf('> ro!! it~r~i>:Dd d· vic~y po!~ at 1\1ItYilaclh'i~ urbana,
W

U~ ~.u(~ra~(.'giM ~I't ~r{~ de OOr~C'fl100pili~ji5!iru lfi~.10) too'IO I~ nlklL~ iIadi" dilllMI($dtViI~y E~~koo~lg C'fl;c'lidl:.Y la ~~fi~.eoollO elltl~l~l\flro q.uc·di:'K~'
mioclil ~~ ~>diflc~rOO~. 0.'ilanOO 1~~'l(llZll!ioo,& IDHrttimi~l1il!Jsy la pr'Dlif~filti6m

& \'ia~('fI ~i1liiUflti!iia. [I tr'"XJdil~ tk ocujl~dclflpropuCC!LO ~PUCC!1aor' i1~kIOO5wl~'9ifi" p

FORfivmw, ,~n'~fl!EigMotIJ..l
~nd i~pi'ro 10 toc'writiru& 10 thi~ t~, "'!!'! j~~ iJO.~ 1;.;iI~. nf ~1fM_,.. ill'lTl~~nf;t" ul ilS ogrnl~~ b~1 It1~~ ~~"C'.;!Il,Jg: ii R~rf:,r;, Ii] "'fry ~tJr'-t!!: 1~·W&.'IIi ,..II~~ I RA:!w ~p, u{~i ''t'ry =~NI

dOOlimdln,&.lI1(j ~1ili1 of iJ1e Mril~ as~ oj'lfli~ mounlilin coo~lry, ....'I! ~oulcl b:! c,,",mpioni~~ 'w ~ f0r01 of coo>:i~oo~re heLwlX'.ll.ri!di~ilJn i!nd il!1nOl':j]tH:l1l,. ,!Inti r,~-

tat._, ["'roou~~i~

,11..' II'-'"'''Ii~;''·,;f

Il"Iif1:!l QI.1r [hi:;,!ori![ ... .tJl!1d :;(?~iI; jl

~ bo;",I~,r r"t"""

lilliYitilJV_' as

ciiJle,; ~BOH iGAS, 19a~; IIUsqUET!>,I992), &1 t!!e ~t1ootion gi\'C!1I1 to lhoese~Gmr~1 ~rc!'di!rQf1lrasll; l'Iilh iI1~ &C'~m! i~difkr~re _ffis iI1~ ~rm~ &yl<1=s. infr~Wu~IY'1!5 ~md OI;ret1 l'pil~'!; Iha~ ~k~ I!\P &O-,burl;rs..

I"~

rnexpoolQSk.fl. 1!I'i',ilroo_I'II.II~ ~OO req~lr~ I~~ gfoIl.OOi~!!I']Jf~IioRS ~~d sp!!>::ifir' a~)Wm(!nl!; ~D m'SDlve ~iJn~ic1~ aoo lal.;e aM_n.l~E'I! <;If opponumilk'!, M\~" JOlO~

1l1A!~~ ar~ r,~ 1rJdiMonJI ~,:IJIj,6 ~n E~camp w~idl W~Q FJf'1'\'iously lmui.m as I~ 'afd qIloom", Today ~i1;:y m'~ 51!!1 ~ry d~ aoi!y di51i~ct (r<;lm U~ rN! ~!1!C t9>m, 'j'TI "'ry ~'t' (iutCJ~,''''-'t;i ~-'Y!h~ r>l'~k~f ~ poupt..

lnHlE I!:EGENIERAIFION liLAN[)OCAi'ES 1'dt\Ir~ly ~IMI (lJlbIm!' ~'V.l!JGJ~· "0.. A.rdt.ila:,r. U~i!\I'

OF IN1IERMIlD~1\1FE

or

/ffl(Yf1ociQIl;)I de

Cilr,.fLmy;o,

1X~.r:"'\...rt;[dwk,('~.,

I"ml:ulll ~I"!Hlll"'lh Ing&·t

M:m)' f:lnlil les, iocl ...1i!'rJl iny h,lW been plvi li!ijed 'I!ii~ ro WCM' 'lip ~nd 1_ fo!l1;(loor~tiof}S I~ iIl~ ~i51(jfic, lradJlleoi1'al Mcia'!.'G, iIl~ eldest 01 ~'o'i1i1:~ &~ iMIdo; to tile 1 S<lh;oodl16!h OCfltulies, These ~cliI._ foon, J!Il!'1 of our h~~t~ ~!ld ~~ I~

'""Y".

""'i~~
~~·nce

uf l!~_Th.ltur.!]lli:

...im.gim 'l~i;5 II;Qt,.!nLrry.

m'lIi: ~~;,JW(rIP(;I'.;I,

1'\,:,iS'-~"'~ alu~oocl ,~ 11]r;l~ II.SOO;OClII ~I. !.i1Dt'S In 2[JII>Q,1Ilollg'will1 OO1e1'~ tooJ~ rlsm i~ I~ b.Kld':KiI1e of our ~OW~bl)''s ~oomy rI~ Iblll we ~ to ~ ool ~ bel~r cali~ ~ iourtsm t~ati~ baSll'£! 00 hiS!> (fJ111io/ Yn_;ii]~ ~~O !'iloo"il'l '5U'roo"""~ 1f1<1'! ,an::'~]pilblc <;If p_i~~"l! ~ iJct!~ S'!an, d",~1 ,rllil'i"g, U~;M pbM11'\ll: I~ ~ "",,,fo!liIful 1001 f"" tl~l. pi~~ us 'II) ,1~ 1~is olljl!(Jli""",~"i~ ,_r to ~ ~ traltSfOll1'OO1,~'e lwed ~rh:m ~ velopml!fii wl1000e fln~uen(e I~ ~ibl4! 10 boillll1~ ~~ \mo Iri,'~~ iI:! \\<'ell as tIlQsOIn»no ';5i1us, ~tltlttfh.im,H: .hi1~ I E1c1~~_·, i!5 'IoI"{'ry impgrl~ml
,'Iii.d

A liillj[)f .;ifl;;lk"S"' ",I>'i""~ o;n,1 f,l;;n. iI:i~ vdlOi!11 is ~urn:!nlly f,oci~~ I;rQI~dwe'1opOO and de."'lopi~g oo"ilIl~ ~ jhe pl~~nl~~ of i~~r.me<f'IiI~ IiIndsa,pe!.1lI;ggered by i~(,ffiilsed mdbility, ~ew prod!1Ctio~ ~m!i! COMUI1IQf JWacli!:~, <!.nd dla~ in tile Kal~ cA ~ or 0C.0I:l\1)i]"'l', S1i!~di!r.jl ~~tni~,4;.'l1rfM11 ,W:ltIIi'Il1~_"C ~ ~~Tl'fil;~_'rut;y ilmd 'l'f'l. ~ir~lIfU1tN;,-tlliJjIql,aillil:f ~t41'~:{-r1~in ~rb ..l1i ~'11l$ j Mid '~' .. in ~r'~"'s ",I,i<)]l" I.,-,e"~~k"fri 11fro;~, roo.-ptrol'o!w ~i!rd ..~ qUI!'!iI;On Ih~ -r notlcn al ~~ coo~t cit~, and hri!nc.e oor U:!lJallriiba~ pr~(lia&

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