1

.

. .
)

) (( CBR )
200 #
( )
(
)
(.
.

-2

.


.

.
.
.1 .
.2 .
.3
.
.4 .

.
.


.

3 .
:
. Qualifying Samples

 . Job Control Samples

. Split Samples
. Information Samples
. Laboratory Check Samples
. Acceptance Samples
- 1 3 . Qualifying Samples

.
- 2 3 . Job Control Samples

. .
- 3 3 . Split Samples

.
- 4 3 . Laboratory Check Samples


.
5 3 . Information Samples


.
- 6 3 . Acceptance Samples
.
4 .

.

.



.
) ( 1

/
/
/

-1 -1
5000

CBR
) -2 000 50

50

 2 000 5 2

-3

000 20 2
( Subgrade

-4

000 20 000 2 2 2

-1
000 5 2
-2
-2

-3

000 20 000 2 2 2

-1
000 10 000 3 1 3

-3

-2
000 10 000 3 1 3


-3

000 10 3

-4

000 10 3
-5

000 10 3
CBR

-6
000

000 2 2
20 2

-7
000 2 2


-8
000 10 000 3 2 2


-9
000 10 000 3 2 2

-10
000 10 000 3 2 2

-1

35 75

10

(
-1

50
10


)(

-2

15

10

-3

-6

-7

)
(

-4
500 3

) 5000 3
/
(

500 3
-5

5000 3
/

1000 2
-6

1000 2
-7

-1

25

25


-2

-3

 -4

-5

-8

-1

-2

-3

-4

5000 3

-5

5000 3

500 3

500 3

50

10

15

10

-5
5 1 Water Content

.
:
.1
.
5 4.4
.
.2
3
5
.

 .3 ) (
.
.4
.
.5
. ) ( WW
) : ( WS
WW
*
W
=
100
WS
110-105
.
12 18 ) ( .
.
) (


.
:

) / 100 95
(
4
40

2

) (
100
50 10
300
1000

5-2 ) PL ) Liquid Limit (LL) And Plastic Limit

. )
(A.Atterberg :
.1 : (Shrinkage Limit (SL
.
.2 : ( Plastic Limit ( PL
.
.3 : ( Liquid limit ( LL
.

* ) (SL ) (PL
) (1

.
. .
* : ( Liquid limit ( LL


25 1 .
:
.1 .
.2 .
.3 .
.4 .
.5 .
.
- :
.1 ) ) (Cassagrande -2 (
.
.2 ) ) ( ASTM -2
(.

) (Spatula

.
120
120 .
.

) 2 (

) 2 (
) 2 (
) ( 2
)(ASTM
) (40
) ( Air-dry
)
. ( ASTM D421-58

24 48 .
. 6-2
). (40

.
.
) 25 ( .
25 .
25 .
* : ( Plastic limit ( LL


) 0.125 (
) 0.125 ( .
) 0.125 (
3-1 .
* : ( Plasticity Index ( PI
:
PI = LL - PL
:
.1 .
.2 \ .

:
- :
:
- :
- :
:
:
:..
15/3/1420 :
-

+
) (

+
)(

) (

) (
) (

W
N

14

39

23

39.40

34.79

33.51

34.00

29.55

28.08

14.95

11.97

11.92

19.05

17.58

16.16

5.40

5.24

5.43

28.4

29.8

33.6

35

28

18

+
) (
+
)(

35

63

24.17

24.59

23.77

22.59

 ) (

) (
) (
W
= Wp

21.53

22.59

2.24

1.70

0.40

0.30

17.9

17.7

) ( 3
3 5 Grain Size Distribution
Sieve Analysis
100 ) 4 ( 0.075 ) (200
:

4
3
2
1 2/1
1
3 /4
2/1
8/3
4
10
20
40
80
200

100.00
75.00
50.00
37.5
25.00
19.00
12.5
9.5
4.75
2.00
0.850
0.425
0.180
0.075

) ( 2
) (200
Hydrometer


.
.1 .
ASTM D-421 & D 422
AASHTO T 78 & T 88
.2
.
.1

.2
.3
.4
.5

0.1 .
.
.
.

.3 :
500
.1
.

.2

.
0.1
.3
.

.4
.
) ( 200
.5
) ( ) ( 200
.
50 125 4 NaP03
.6
16-10
.

.7
.
125 NaP03
.8
1000 .

.9
8 1000 .
)60
.10
( .

.11
4 5 .
11
.12
30 16 8 : 8 4 2
96 64 32 16 .


.13
. 4
4 5
Density of Soil in-place by Sand Cone Method

.

.1 .
.2 .

.1 .

 .2 .
.3 .
.4 .
.5 .
.6 .
.7 .

.1 5
.
.2

15 20
.3 .
.4
.
.5
.
.6 .
=

.7
.
= / 3

.8 :
= 3

.9 :
)( = / 3

:
.
.1
.
.2

.3
.
15
.4
20.

.5
105 110
24.
.
.6
.
.7

5 5 Compaction (Proctor ) Test

(d ) dmax) ) ( W
) Maximum Dry Unit Weight Optimum
(Moisture Content, (OMC

. :
.1 . Standard Proctor Test
.2 . Modified Proctor Test

6
Mold 4
152.4
)( 101.60
)( 116.43 116.43
2124
) 944 (3
)
44.5
24.5
(
25
25

3
3

)(

305

305

6
4
152.4
101.6
116.43
116.43
2124
944
24.5

44.5

25
5

25
5

457

457

) ( 3
:
) / = (3
) )( ) ((/ ) (3
101.60 = 593.7 / 3
Air Voids Zero
.
:
.1 .
ASTM D- 698-78 & D 1557 78
AASHTO T 99 -90 & T 180 90
:
Method A )101.60 (
.1
4.75) 4( 3 .
Method B )152.4 (
.2
4.75) 4( 7 .
Method C )101.60 (
.3
19) 0.75( 5 .
Method D ) 152.4 (
.4
19) 0.75( 11 .
.2 .
.
.1
- Mold .

 Collar . Base Plate , Rammer . .

.2
) ( .
.3
.
.4
.3 .
3 40
.1

4 5 .
. W1
.2
.
.3

.4
. 25

.

.5
.
. W2
.6
.
.7
)
.8
100( .
2
.9
.
4 8
.10
.

wet
.11
= d + wet ( 1
=

.12

d max

). (OMC

6 5

Unit Weight ,

:
= ) (
Overburden Pressure
). (Piles
7 5 (Relative Density (Dr) (ASTM D 4253 , D 4254
)Void
(Ratio, e :

 = Dr ) (
) ( .

d min

: Dr .
d max
d

d max

(d

d min ) /

( d max

= ( Dr

: .

: .

: .
d min

.

Very Loose
Loose
Medium
Compact
Compact
Very
Compact

15 10
35 15
65 35
85 65
100 85

) ( 4

= RC / .
) ( 4
:
.1 .
( ASTM D 4253 (Minimum Index Density
(ASTM D 4254 (Maximum Index Density
.2 .
Mold 2830 3 14200
.1
.3
Surcharge Base Plate .
.2

.3
.
) 75 37.5 19 9.5 4 .( 200
.4
. Vibrating Table
.5
.
.6
.3
1 3 d max

Maximum Index Density ,

.1

)
(
) (
34
75
34
38
11
19
11
9.5
11
4.75

) ( 3
14200
14200
2830
2830
2830

.
.2

.3
.
.
.4
60
.5
0.33 50 0.48 .
8 60 12
.6
50 .
.
.7
d Max .
.8


.9
) (2 .

d min 3 2 Minimum Index Density

.1 :

) (
75
38
19

) ( 3
) (
14200
34
14200
34
2830
11

9.5

11

2830

4.75

11

2830

25

25

.2
25
.
.3 .
.4 .
.5 min d
.

 .6
) (1 .
.7 :
Dr = d max ( d d min ) / d ( d max

( d min

: Dr .

: d max .

: d .

: d min .

8 5 Specific Gravity of Soils ,Gs

.

2.68 2.65
2.68 2.65
2.68 2.62
2.65 2.58
2.75 2.68
2

2.67 2.70 .
) ( 5
:
.1 .
ASTM 854
AASHTO T -100
.2 .
100 .
.1
.
.2
.
.3
.3
100 .
.1
Wa .
.2
100
.3
.
:
.4
20 -15 . Vacuum 10 .


.5
. 2
100
.6
. Wb

.7
. Wo
.
.8
) ( .{ (Gs @ Tx = W o { W o + ( W a W b
:
: TX .
: Wo .
: Wa .
: W b .
) = ( 20 ) ( ) ) / water ) . water ( 20
(
9 5 California Bearing Ratio , CBR

) ( ) (
5,2 ) 1 . ( 5 ) 2 . (

) ( ,
.

.1 .
ASTM 854
AASHTO T -100
.2 .
100 .
.1
.
.2
.
.3
.3
100 .
.1
Wa .
.2
100
.3
.
:
.4
20 -15 . Vacuum 10 .

.5
. 2
100
.6
. Wb


.7
. Wo
.
.8
) ( .{ (Gs @ Tx = W o { W o + ( W a W b
:
: TX .
: Wo .
: Wa .
: W b .
) water / = ( 20 ) ( ) ( )water ) . ( 20
9 5 California Bearing Ratio , CBR

) ( ) (
5,2 ) 1 . ( 5 ) 2 . (

) ( ,
.

CBR
0-3
73
20 7
2050

50

USC

OH,CH,MH,OL
OH,CH,MH,OL
OH,CH,MH,OL

AASHTO
A5 ,A6,A7
A4 , A5 ,A6,A7
A2 , A4 ,A6,A7

GM
,GC,SW
SM ,SP,GP,

A1b , A2
, 5
A3,A2-6

GW ,GM

A1a,A24,A3

) (6 ) ( CBR
:

) (
6.9
10.3
13.00
16.00
18.00

) (
2.5
5.00
7.5
10
12.7

) ( 7 ) ( CBR
:

 .1 .
ASTM D 1883 - 87
AASHTO T 193- 81
.2 .
CBR :
.1
Mold . Collar . Base Plate , Rammer . . . .
.2
.3 .
12 ) ,(4
.1
.
.
.2
Mold .
.3

.4
.
.
.5

.6

.

.7
.
.
.8
4.5 )
.9
( Overburden Pressure .
Dial Gauge
.10
0.01 .
8 4 2 1 0
.11
96 72 48 36 24 12
48
24.
15
.12
.
4.5
.13
.
.
.14

.15
.
) ( )(
.16
0.2 2.5 5.0
:
) = ( CBR /
. () 100

 5.00
2.5 .
.
.17
) ( ) (
.18
.

.19
.

6
6 1
)Sieve Analysis Of Fine And Coarse Aggregate AASHTO( T27-78
.1

.
.2 :
0.1 .
- .
5 110 .
.3 :

.
100 ) 95 ( 8
.
- 500 ) 85 ( 4
.
.4 :
- 5 110 .
- 200
200 5 110 .
-


1
.
:
1 2/1 1 4/3 2/1 8/3 :
)( 15000 10000 5000 2000 1000 :
3 2/1 3 2 2/1 2 :
)( 100.000 60.000 35.000 20.000 :
- 4
.
- 200 T-11-78
200 .
-
. 0.3

 .5 :




.



.
.6 :


.
.7 :

:
100
= 600 1.2 2.4 4.76 9.5 150 300
=
93 76 41 22 12 2
.: = 246
. 2.46


.
6 2 Aggregate Specific Gravity & Absorption

23 .
:
.1 .
ASTM C 127 & C 128
AASHTO T 84 & T - 85
.2 .
Pycnometer 500 .
.1
.
.2
Tamper 345 .
.3
.
.4
5 .
.5
.
.6
.
.7
.3 .

1 110
.1
15 19 .

.2
.

 500
.3
(Saturated Surface Dry (SSD
90
.
110
.4
.
.
.5
:
.6
-
(Bulk Specific Gravity = A / ( B + 500-C
:
= A .
= B .
= C .

( Apparent Specific Gravity = A / ( B + A C

[ X 100 Absorption () = [ ( 500 A) / A

5
.7
) (4 110
15 .
:

) )

2
3
4
5
8
12
18
25
40
50
75
125

) )

12.5
19
25
37.5
50
63
75
90
100
112
125
150

.8
.

.9
.
110
.10
.

 :
.11
-
. (Bulk Specific Gravity = A / ( B -C

= B / ( B C ) SSD
= A .
= B .
= C .

)Apparent Specific Gravity = A / ( A C

Absorption ()= ( B A ) / A x 100
6 3 Los Angelos Abrasion
37.5
.

.1 .
ASTM C 131
AASHTO T 96
.2 .
.
.1
.
.2
:
.3
711 508
89
1
. 100
46.8 390 445
:

12
11
8
.4

A
B
C

5000
4584
3330

37.5
25
19
12.5

25
19
12.5
9.5

25 1250

25 1250
10 2500 10 1250
10 2500 10 1250

6.3
9.5
4.75
6.3
2.36
4.75

10 2500

10 2500

10 5000

10 5000 10 5000 10 5000 10 5000

.5

.3 .
.1

) ( 9

5)
. (Wo

.2
500 30 33
12
5 ) . ( Wf
:
.3
)Wo Wf ) / Wo x 100) = (
:
: Wo .
: Wf .

) (5
6 4 Soundness Of Aggregate

.
:
.1 .
ASTM C 88
AASHTO T 104
.2 .
4 . 100
.1
63 8 .
.2
.
.3
.
.4
.
.5
.
.6
.3
9.5
.1
100
0.30 0.1 .
)(4
.2
:


9.5 4.75
19 9.5
37.5 19
63 37.5

25

5 300
10 1000
50 1500
300 5000
1000 7000

1 .
.3

.4
6 18
12.7
21 .
15
.5
110
3 .

.6

Barium Chloride .

.7
10 .
19
.8

.

.9
0.1
0.3 .
6 5 75
. (ASTM C117 , AASHTO T 11) :

.1 :
) 75)(200 ( .
.2 :
200 16
.
-
.
- 0.1 .
5 110 .
- .
.3 :

8/3

4/3

2/11

)2.36( )4.75(

) (

0.10

0.50

)9.5(
1.00

) 19(

) 37.5(

2.5

5.00

.4 :
5 110 . 0.2


.
- .
-
5110 .
.5 :

= 200 100

.6 :
0.075 ) (200 . 0.2
6 6
( ASTM C142 , AASHTO T 112 ) :
.1 :
.
.2 :
0.1 .
.1

.2
.
.
.3
(
5 110 ) 9 230
.4
.3 :

.1
) (T 11 75

) (T 11 .
5 110 .
.2

.3
1.18 25 .
4.75
.4
9.5 19 37.5
:

)
(

4.75 9.5 ) 4
1
( 8/3

 9.5 19 ) 8/3 ( 4/3

19 37.5 ) 4/3 2/1
( 1
( 1 2/1 ) 37.5

2
3
5

.5
) (4 . 4 3
.4 :

.1
24 4


:

1.18
0.850 ) (20
) (16
4.75 9.5 ) 4
2.36 ) ( 8
( 8/3
2.36 ) ( 8
9.5 19 ) 8/3 ( 4/3
4.75 ) ( 4
19 37.5 ) 4/3 ( 1 2/1
4.75 ) ( 4
( 1 2/1 ) 37.5
.2

.
* :
.
* 5 110
0.02 .

.5 :

= 100

.6
= .
= .
= .
*


5

 ) (1-4
.
7 6 .
( ASTM D2419 - AASHTO T 176 ) :

.1 :

.
.2 :
1.25 17
15 0.1 .
- 4/1 60
.
1
3 .
- 16/3
.
- 18
1


1 .
- 3 )85 . (3
- .
:
454 .
2050 )1640 (3 ). (U.S.P
47 )45 (3 ) 40 ( .
2/1 ) (12
.
1 .
85 3 1
4.4 85 3 .

.
.3 :
: 4

.
.
- 4.
- 110

10 .
- 90
30 8 )20(

 .


15
15 20

.
- 20 0.1 .


.
.4 :

100

.5
.
-6 8
( Unit Weight of Aggregates ( AASHTO T 19-76 ) , (ASTM C 29

.1 :

.
.2 :
:
- 0.3 .
- 5 /8 24
8/5 .

. 2/1 3 3
10 12 1 2/1 .
:

) (

) 10 (3
)(

) (
45
2.5 154 2.5 152 28.317
5
2.5 292 2.5 203
94.39
5
2.5 279 2.5 254 141.585
5
2.5 284 2.5 356 283.17

2.5
2.5
3
3

) (
13
25
38
101

.3 ) ( 10

/ 3

60
65
70
73.4
75
80
85

15.6
18.3
21.1
23
23.9
26.7
29.4

62.366
62.336
62.3001
62.274
62.261
62.216
62.166

999.01
998.54
997.97
997.54
997.32
996.59
995.83

.4 :

) ( AASHTO T-248
5 110 .
.5 :

.1
.
. 0.1
.2

.3
.

.4
.
.6
1 2/1 .
- 25
25
25 .
-

.

.
.7 :
- 1 2/1 4 .


2
50
25

.
-

.8 :
4 .
- " "Scoop
2

 .

.

7
7 1
7 1 1 Sampling Bituminous Materials
( AASHTO T-40 ) :


.

.
:
- .
- .
.
- :
.1 .
.2
.
7 1 2 .
( AASHTO T-48 ) :

79 .
.1 .




5 .

.

). (6

) (6
7 1 3 Penetration Of Bituminous Materials
( AASHTO T-49 ) :

.

 ) (7

.
.1


90
.

0.05 47.5
0.1 50.000 .
0.05 50.000 0.05 100
100 200 ) 0.9 2 (
.
.2
) (7 ) (
440 50 ) 2 ( 1.00 1.02
) 0.039 0.040(
8.7 9.7
0.0127 ) 0.0005 (
0.14
0.16 ) 0.0055 0.0063(
.
) (B46.1
_ 0.2
0.3 ) 8 12 ( .

40 45 ) 1.57 1.77 ( ,
0.05 3.2 ) 0.002 0.126 ( 38
) 1.5 (
, 0.05 2.50 )
( .
.3

200
3 ) 90 ( : 55 )2.17
( 35 ) 1.38 ( .
.4 :
0.1 0.2 ) 5 ( 5
10
50
150

.
.

 .5 :
:
5-1 5 25 ) 5 77 ( ) ( ASTM
17
)17( 19 5 27 ) 66 5 80(
15150 .
5-2 5 ) 5 32 ( 5 4 )5 39.2(
5 63 ) 563 ( )5 8- 5 32 + (
15 150 .
5-3 5 46.1 )5 115( 5 64 )
5 64 ( 25 555 ) 77 5 131 (
15 150 .

)
) .( ( ASTM E 77
.6 :


90 ) ( "3.5
55 ) ( "2.17 .
.7 :

0.1
0.1 60
0.5 11
0.1
0.1 .
.8 :

.1

100 .
56 ) 100 (
) (
,
10

.

.2
29.5 ) 85 ( 21 )
70( , 1 2/1 ) (
175 ) 6 (
1 2/1 ) (
90 ) 3 (
)
( 1 2/1 ) (
175 ) 6 (
1.5 ) (
90 ) 3 ( .
.9

 50
.1
100









) ( 4


.

.2
10 ) 8/3 (
10 ) 8/3 (



200 .
.10

.1
:

49

50
149

150
249

250

.11

:

525 )
577(
50

525 )
577(
50

525 ) 577 (

15
*

* 024.7
.
7 1 4 ) ( Kinematic Viscosity of Asfalt
( AASHTO T 201 ) :
.1
-1 )(
) ( 60 )
140( , 135 ) 275 ( ) ( 1
6 100.000 . (( CST
-2
.
) (1
60 ) 140(
135 ) 275 ( 30 6000
). (CST
.2



.
.3
-1 :
.
1 / 2 )1(
1 /2 10
. ) 1 = 2-10
( .
-2
1/ 3
1/ 3 .
-3


1/ . ) 1 / (2 ) ( Poise
1 / 2 10
) 1 = 2 10 ( .
.4 :
-1 ) (VISCOMETERS

:
) ( .
) ( .
) ( .

.
-2 ) : ( THERMOMETERS

 58.6 561.4 ) 137.5 5142.5( 133.6

5136.4 ) 5272.5 5277.5( 547 5110 )
547 5110 ( .

.
) ( 47 110 ) 47 110(
) (

,

.

.

.

) ( 8 ) (

) ( 9 ) (

 ) ( 10 ) (

) ( 11
-3 :
) (VISCOMETER
) ( 20




0.03 ) 0.05 (
.
60 ) 140 (
) (USP 215 ) 420 (
135 ) 275 (
).(AASHTO T48
-4 :
:
.1

0.1 0.05
15 .

.2

0.05 .

) (

.
-5

:
1 1 5 ) ( .
1 1 1 5 .
2 1 1 5 30
,

 363 ) 5 145
( .
3 1 1 5
20 30
.
4 1 1 5 800 60 )
140( 20
3 63 ) 5 145 (
30 .
2 1 5 ) . ( ASPHALT CEMENT
1 2 1 5

.
2 2 1 5 20
5.5 135 ) 10 275 (
.


.1

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) ( .
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.
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0.1 60
.
.8




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: 60 )140

( 75.6 .
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.

5135 )5275(

)
)( (

0.64

)(

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3000

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1.5

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0.71

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6000

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8.9

5135 )5275(

3.1

8.8

560
) 5140 (
3000

1.06

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3000 6000
)(

3.11

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537.8

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60

200

200

600

600

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32

2000

2000

8000

8000

30000

27000

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) (13
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.

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.
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7 1 5 ) ( Absolute Viscosity of Asphalt

(ASTM D 2171) (AASHTO T 202):
.1
) (
60 ) 140 (
0.036 200.000 .
:

60 ) 140 ( .
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3 1 6 2
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120


.

) ( 12

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51 5175 520 5250 .
5193 5204
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.

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30
.

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.
) ( 15

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I

0.01 0.91
0.01 0.78
0.01 0.75
0.01 0.63
0.01 0.17
0.01 0.08
0.02 0.25
0.01 0.14
0.01 0.11

0.3 23
0.3 19.8
0.3 19.1
0.3 15.9
0.3 4.4
0.3 2
0.4 6.4
0.3 3.6
0.3 2.8

 ) 15 (

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I

) 0.91 ) 23.1
(
(
) 0.78
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(
0.3 1.5
0 .02 0.06
0.3 24.6
0.01 0.97
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0.02 0.03
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0.02 0.12
0.3 1.5
0.01 0.06
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) 15 (

) 15 (

A
B
C
D

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0.5 23.9
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0.02 0.22 E
0.02 2.62 F

0.5 5.6
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(
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.
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) (Ethyleneglycol
108 100
37 25
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1 4 15 .
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.
0.5 5
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5.

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1.

.
2.

 .

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.
3.

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:

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1450

16

50

950

11

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950

25

650

19

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9.50

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4.75

250

2.38

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4.
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150 0.6
.
. 2 2 7
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.
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:
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3600

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0.05

3. 5
200-100 110 125
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37.500

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200

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100 .

110 5
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100
600 500 . 5

100
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1

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2 3 7
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) : (AASHTO T-166-78 , ASTM D 2726

1.

1.
.
) (VMA
) .

) .
2.
) (
. 25
2.
:
-
.
-
.
3.

-

1.5

.
4.
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25 5-3
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2 -10
15 .

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2.



(A)
25 5 3
) (C
(B).
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) = A/( C - B
:

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3.

: 2.) ( Paraffin Coated Specimen

1.
(A) .
560 55
.
2.


30
(D) .
3.

51 25 (E) .
4.
( Specific
51 525 Gravity of Paraffin )
(F) .

5.

:
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) . ) = D
) . ) = E
. 51 25 = F
525
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) R = t * KS * ( B - C
:
) ( Correction = R
25 = t
= KS
(Avarage Coefficient of Cubical Thermal Expansion of Bituminous
Concrete
)= 6*10-5 ml/ml/c

6.

25
.
2 4 7
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1.

-
.
2.

1000 1.
,
.
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. (
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) . 30
. 4.

.

3.

25 0.5


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.

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2.5

25

2.00

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4.75

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1.
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.

 2.

)(
525 . ) 577 (
) 3.
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0.01 1 10 1000 )(OT
.
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51.8 ( 1 10
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50.5 25
( (77 51
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:

6.

: 1.
1.
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:
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2.
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= 525 ) 577 ( )
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577 ) . ( )
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) ( AASHTO T 245-78
1.
.
.

:
. -
-
.



,
.
.
2.
.

 101.6 76.2 1.

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100 2.
. 13
3.
. 4536 457.2
457.2 203.2 203.2 4.
25.4 304.8 304.8


.
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) (Breaking Head 6.
50.8

.
.

7.
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2276 ) (Proving Ring 8.

.
9.


. 0.25 ) 0.01 (
10.

.
11.
.
150 12.
1 60
50.8 .
Asphalt 13.
. 125 Cut Back ,
14.

9.9
204 .
.

3.

) . ) (3 ) 1.
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1.18 2.36 4.75 9.5 19 25
.

 3.
) (CST 20170
(CST) . 30280
4.

1200
1.27 63.5 101.6 . 3
. 12
5.
3-3 . 528 525
6.

.
11.1 7.
3-3 50

. 15 10 50
4.


148.9 93.3 15
10
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( 457.2

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5135 .

.

5.

1.
40 30 1 60 37.8
51 .
2.
21.1
37.8 .
3.


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.

30
. 0.01 0.254
63.5 5.
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) (3

) (

)(

213200

25.4

5.56

225214

27.0

5.00

237226

28.6

4.55

250238

30.2

4.17

264251

31.8

3.85

276265

33.3

3.57

289
277

34.9

3.33

301290

36.5

3.03

316302

38.1

2.78

328317

39.7

2.50

340329

41.3

2.27

353341

42.9

2.08

367354

44.4

1.92

379368

46.0

1.79

392
380

47.6

1.67

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49.2

1.56

420 -

50.8

1.47

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431421

52.4

1.39

443
432

54.0

1.32

456
444

55.6

1.25

470
457

57.2

1.19

482
471

58.7

1.14

495
483

60.3

1.09

508
496

61.9

1.04

522509

63.5

1.00

535
523

6
4.0

0.96

546
536

65.1

0.93

559
547

66.7

0.89

573
560

68.3

0.86

585
574

71.4

0.83

598
586

73.0

0.81

610
599

74.6

0.78

625611

76.2

0.76

) ( 15 6.
7.
1.

 ( ASTM D 2725 - AASHTO T- 166 )

) ( )
) .

2.


) ( )(
() .
3.


) ( ) (
) . )
4.

) (
. 5-3

. 4

) (
.

) . . ) 17
8.

,
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= 000

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +5
5

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1
2

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) )

) ) 3

/ 3


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)
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+
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10

+
+
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11

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12

) /
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13

14

15

16

/
3

17

18

19

) )

20

21

) )

22

) 30 )

23

24
) )

24

25

) 24 )

26

) )

27

)
)

28

) /
)3

29

30

/
3

31

32

- 8
Superpave asphalt mix Design procedures


. ) (Impact Compaction
.
) (Superpave
.
) (Superpave . superior performing asphalt pavement
) . (SHRP
. )(
). (Models
)
(ESALs ) (Rutting Level
.
.
:
SST) )tester superpave shear (Indirect Tensile Tester (ITT

.

 ) (19 ) ( Superpave

) (20
] RV ] = Rotational Viscometer
] DSR ] = Dynamic Shear Rheometer
] DTT ] = Direct Tension Tester
] BBR ] = Bending Beam Rheometer
:
8 1 (Rotational Viscometer (RV
AASHTO PP-6:
) (Workability
.
,
- :
.1 .
.2 .
.3 .
- :
3 600 .
.1
) 250 0 (
.2
. 1.0
1 .
.3
5300
.4
5 .
13 8 .
.5
:
.6
.
.
.
.


.

) (21

8 2 (Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR

 ( AASHTO TP5) :
:
.1 .
.2 .
.3 .

10
.

.
) ( AASHTO TP5
- :
.1 3 10 20 ) . 100 (
.
.2 50 .
.3
2 ) ( G 1 .
.4 6 40
. 8 25
.

) (22
.
.1 .
) 10 (
.
.2 5 100 .
.3
.
.
) ( AASHTO TP 5
) ( , 1
100 ) (0 200

.
,

:
.1 ) ( Bending Beam Rheometer
.2 ) ( Direct Tension Test
: :

 3 8 (Superpave Shear Tester (SST

.
:
.1 Volumetric test
.2 Uniaxial strain test
.3
Repeatel Shear Test At Constant Stress Ratio
.4 Simple shear test at constant height
.5
Frequency Sweep test at constant height
.6 Repeated shear test at constant heigh
) ( Superpave

) (23
1 3 8 Volumetric test
.
:

) 5 (
4
20
40

)(
830
690
550

2 - 3 8 Uniaxial Strain test

.

) 5 (
4
20
40

)(
655
550
345

3 3 8 Repeated Shear Test at Constant

Stress Ratio

Tertiary Rutting
.
.

 4 - 3 8 Simple Shear test at constant height

) ( Intermediate ,
.
.

)5(
4
20
40

)(
345
105
35

Teff
( ( PD

35

Toff
( ( FC

105

5 3 8 Frequency sweep test at constant

height

0.005 .
40 20 4
Teff Toff .
.
6 3 8 Repeated shear test at constant
heigh
) ( SUPER PAVE
8 4 Indirect Tensile test
) (creep
) > 20 (
.

-9
:
.1 .


.
.2

" "

) 0.5 ( .
.3

0.3 .
.4 .


.
- : 0.1
1.5 100 3 200 .
. 1
1.
- : 0.1

3
7 .
9 1 .
:
.
:
5 110 . 1 . . :
) (5 4-3 ) (5
.
5 17 . :
5 110
. 0.1
- 0.1 .
1
2 100 5 120 .
2 20 .
- 4
.
:

 100

- .
:
24
2 20
50 25 2/1 24
.
:

= 100

0.4 / 2
8
. .

) / ( 2
.
9 2 .
:
) (3 ) (100 ) (200

.
:
6/1 3/2
.
3

) / = ( 2 ) (
2
:

.
9 3
:
.
:
) (24 3 " "guage

 .
- .
:
10


10
.
:

.
0.01
.
- 0.5 1
.
9 4
:

.
-
.

) ( 24
:

.
:

.
:


.
:
) ( .
- 0.75 .
:




.0.4

10
:



.
-
)(5
.


,
6
70 3
:

200 400
200
200 400
150
200 400
100
200 400
70
200 400
70

51

43

37

31

) ( 16

290 90 190 190 90
3 1.5 2
1 1.5 .
:
24 3 20
5110 .

= 24 100


:


.