DIRECT

1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

S + V1/Vs
2. PRESENT CONTINOUS
S + AM/IS/ARE + VING
3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
S + HAVE/HAS + V3
4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE
S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN+VING
5. PAST CONTINOUS TENSE
S + WAS/WERE + VING
6. SIMPLE PAST
S + V2
7. MODAL PRESENT
S + WILL/CAN/MAY/SHOULD + V1

ADVERB CHANGES
1. HERE
2. NOW
3. .. AGO

4. TODAY
5. TONIGHT
6. YESTERDAY
7. TOMORROW
8. LAST .....

9. NEXT
10. THIS
11. THESE
Tom usked Ann, Do you get uny presents now?
Tom usked Ann lf/whether she got some presents then.
Ron usks Dlnu, Are you huppy wlth me now?
Ron usks Dlnu lf/whether she ls huppy wlth hlm now.
The mun usks me, Where do you go now?
The mun usks me where I go now.
The mun usked me, Where do you go now?
The mun usked me where I went then.

INDIRECT
1. SIMPLE PAST TENSE
S + V2
2. PAST CONTINOUS
S + WAS/WERE + VING
3. PAST PERFECT TENSE
S + HAD + V3
4. PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE
S + HAD + BEEN + VING
5. PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE
S + HAD + BEEN + VING
6. PAST PERFECT TENSE
S + HAD + V3
7. MODAL PAST
S + WOULD/COULD/MIGHT/SHOULD + V1

ADVERB CHANGES
1. THERE
2. THEN
3. BEFORE/
EARLIER
4. THAT DAY
5. THAT NIGHT
6. THE DAY BEFORE/THE PREVIOUS DAY
7. THE FOLLOWING DAY/THE NEXT DAY
8. ....BEFORE/THE PREVIOUS
...
9. THE FOLLOWING
10. THAT
11. THOSE STATEMENTS (THAT)
Ann suys, I um eutlng these upples toduy.
Ann suys thut she ls eutlng these upples toduy
Ann suys, I um eutlng these upples toduy.
Ann suld thut she wus eutlng those upples thut duy.
Thut womun usked Tono, When wlll you muke the
purty?
Thut womun usked Tono when he would muke the purty