Cc k nng c bn

tm kim trn internet

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

2007

H NI

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K i hc Thu Li Ni dung
1. 2. Cc thng tin ph bin trn internet........................................................................................ 2 Cc cng c tm kim thng tin trn mng:............................................................................ 3 1.1. B my tm kim ca Vit Nam:...................................................................................... 3 1.2. B my tm kim ca nc ngoi: ................................................................................... 3 3. S dng cng c tm kim mt cch ph hp......................................................................... 4 3.1 Phn tch yu cu tm ....................................................................................................... 4 3.2 Din t lnh tm kim - gii thiu v c php ca lnh tm ........................................... 5 3.2.1 Cc php ton ca lnh tm....................................................................................... 5 3.2.2 Ton t Boolean........................................................................................................ 6 3.2.3 Mt s cch thu hp phm vi tm kim khc ............................................................ 6 3.3 Phn nhm yu cu thng tin ........................................................................................... 8 3.4 Chn cng c tm kim ph hp ...................................................................................... 8 3.5 Tm li khuyn t mt ngi!........................................................................................ 13 3.6 Nu bc u bn cha thnh cng ,, hy th li! .................................................... 13 3.7 nh gi kt qu tm ...................................................................................................... 13 3.7.1 ,,Hy suy ngh trc khi nhn chut .................................................................... 13 3.7.2 Mt a ch web (URL) gm c nhng yu t no? ............................................... 14 Ti liu tham kho: ....................................................................................................................... 15 1. Cc thng tin ph bin trn internet Nhng thng tin g bn c th tm thy trn Internet? Khng th lit k tt c cc loi ngun tin c trn Internet, c bit khi Internet thay i rt thng xuyn v nhanh chng. Tuy nhin, nhn chung Internet hu ch nht khi tm kim nhng thng tin trong cc nhm sau y (ch phn ln nhng thng tin ny l bng ting Anh) 1 : - Cc s kin ang din ra, v d: tin tc ngy hm nay, hay nhng xu hng mi nht - Thng tin kinh t, v d: thng co bo ch ca mt cng ty, ch s chng khon, thng tin v sn phm - Thng tin ca chnh ph, v d: cc chnh sch hin hnh, lut php, cc cuc tho lun ti quc hi, quyt nh ca ta n, thng co bo ch . - Vn ha i chng, v d: phim, nhc, truyn hnh, th thao chuyn nghip - Thng tin v my tnh v Internet, v d: thng tin cc kho hc. Nhiu trang web mi v cc cu binh v tm kim trn mng u a ra nhng dch v chuyn bit gip bn tm c thng tin nhanh hn. Nu bn ch da vo duy nht mt cng c tm kim th i khi phi mt rt nhiu thi gian. Do , nhng thu knh chuyn dng tm thng tin cn thit nhanh chng v chnh xc hn ra i. Theo mt chuyn gia ca Search Engine Watch (www.searchenginewatch.com) ,,k nguyn ca nhng gung my tm kim ang c sc bao trm tt c mi th, mt phn cng v by gi
1

V Th Nha, Tm kim thng tin trn internet, Trung tm Thng tin Pht trin Vit Nam

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

chng ta mun kt qu tm kim c th hn, v r rng cng c tm kim chuyn bit ang l xu hng tt yu. 2. Cc cng c tm kim thng tin trn mng: 1.1. B my tm kim ca Vit Nam: Hin nay vit nam c 2 b my tm kim tm c bn c th tham kho nh: - Vinaseek - Panvietnam 1.2. B my tm kim ca nc ngoi: B my tm kim nc ngoi rt a dng v phong ph, vn l bn phi bit cch tm kim nh th no c c thng tin mnh cn tm. - Yahoo Search - AboutSearch - MSN Internet Search - Altavista - Asiaco - Inference Find - Infoseek - Metacrawler - Euro Seek - Go.com Search - Webcrawler - Search Port - Excite - American Online Search - Find What Search - Lycos - Simple Search - Search Engine Guide - Hotbot Lycos Search - Businesseek - Ask Jeeves Search - Snap Search - CNET Search - Virtual Library - Google - Company Site Locator - InfoHighway - Lookmart - Netscape Search - Copernic - Aj Search - Direct Hit -Ask Nhng ph bin v tiu biu c bn b my sau thng dung tm kim thng tin, c th ni y l nhng b my thng dng v cho chng ta nhng ti liu cn tm kim mt cch nhanh chng : - Google - AltaVista - Alltheweb (trc y l "Fast Search") - Ask Trong cc my tm kim ny th c th ni Google l lo lng v s dng nhiu nht. Vi cc trang tm kim nhiu phn thng dng. Nhng trang tm kim chuyn bit ca Google 2 http://images.google.com ( Google Image Search) Tm hn 500 triu hnh nh c truy cp cng khai do Google thu thp t cc site, tm theo tn, m t v t kha http://labs.google.com/glossary ( Google Glossary) Tm nh ngha t khng ch cc b t in m cn tham kho cc Website khoa hc, y t, php lut, http://froogle.google.com Tm, duyt v phn loi cc sn phm trn cc site bn s hay bn u gi. http://www.google.com/options/universities.html (Google University Search) Thng tin thu thp t site ca cc trng i hc, gm tin tc, lch hc,...
2

Nguyn Duy Quc, haveplus@yahoo.com

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

http://directory.google.com ( Google Directory) Duyt Web theo nhng ch phn loi nht nh. http://answers.google.com (Google Answers) Hi v nhn cu tr li t nhng chuyn gia v nhng vn kh. Tr ph 2.5 $/ mi cu hi. http://www.google.com/advanced_search ( Google Advanced Search) Tm t y nu bn mun thit lp nhiu iu kin tm kim. http://groups.google.com (Google Groups) Duyt kho lu tr ca cc nhm tin Usenet t cui thp nin 1970, hoc gi tin mi ti cc nhm tho lun. http://news.google.com Tin tc chn lc t cc site tin tc trn khp th gii, cp nht mi 5 pht Hin nay cc thng tin trn mng rt a dng bn co th tm thy thng tin trn mng cn thit m khng mt tin. Hin nay kho tng thng tin v tn ca nhn loi th bn phi bit cch tm n thng tin m bn cn tm. 3. S dng cng c tm kim mt cch ph hp Chin lc tm kim thng tin gm 7 bc:

3.1

Phn tch yu cu tm

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

T t cc cu hi lm r yu cu tin ca mnh. V d: nu bn quan tm n thng tin v bun bn tr em, hy t t cho mnh cc cu hi ph hp, v d: o Ti mun bit thng tin c th v nn bun bn tr em nc no, vng no? o Ti cn nhng thng tin v cc vn nng hi hin nay lin quan n bun bn tr em hay l thng tin mang tnh lch s? Bin yu cu ca mnh thnh mt cu hon chnh, v d o Nn bun bn tr em t Vit Nam sang Trung Quc. Phn chia yu cu thnh nhng khi nim nh:

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

Khi nim 1 Bun bn tr em Khi nim 2 Vit Nam Khi nim 3 Trung Quc

Ch quan trng: Tm xem c nhng t ng no khc cng th hin ch m bn quan tm hay khng, v d cch vit khc nhau, t ng ngha. T bn c th xy dng c mt tp hp cc thut ng khc nhau c th dng trong qu trnh tm kim. Khi nim 1 Khi nim 2 Khi nim 3 Bun bn tr em Vit Nam Trung Quc Bt cc tr em Vietnam China Trafficking Viet Nam Child Vietnamese Children Kidnap 3.2 Din t lnh tm kim - gii thiu v c php ca lnh tm C php ca lnh tm l cch thc chng ta s dng lin kt cc khi nim mt cch ph hp cho lnh tm ca bn. Cc my tm kim c nhng cch thc khc nhau trong vic lin kt cc thut ng tm. Nguyn tc c bn nht cho hu ht cc my tm kim l tng t nh nhau, tuy nhin c mt vi im khc bit nh v cch din t lnh tm. Nu cha hiu r, bn nn tham kho phn help bit thm thng tin. Ch : Phn ln cc my tm kim khng phn bit ch hoa v ch thng Khi nhp t tm kim vo ca s tm, cn a thut ng m bn cho l quan trng nht ln u lnh tm. Khng cn nhp c mt cu y vo lnh tm kim, v d nh: Hin trng ca nn bun bn tr em ti t Vit Nam sang Trung Quc. Thay vo bn c th nhp cc t bun bn tr em Vit Nam Trung Quc. Khng ging nh ngn ng t nhin, cc my tm kim khng quan tm n s chnh xc v ng php ca thut ng tm. Nhiu my tm kim thng b qua cc t thng thng trong ting Anh nh "the" "and" "in", v.v Nu bn nhp nhiu t tm kim th phm vi tm kim s c thu hp 3.2.1 Cc php ton ca lnh tm Phn ny gii thiu cc k hiu ton hc c s dng khi din t lnh tm kim: Dng du cng + pha trc nhng t m bn mun n phi xut hin trong kt qu. V d: nu bn mun tm thng tin v gi c ph nh hng nh th no n thu nhp ca ngi thu hi c ph (ting Anh). +coffee +pickers +price +wages s cho kt qu bao gm tt c cc t: price, coffee, pickers wages. Dng du tr - pha trc cc t m bn mun khng xut hin trong kt qu. V d: bn ch mun tm thng tin v c ph m khng c t tch (cup) hoc bng (cotton): +coffee -cup -cotton

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

Dng du ngoc kp " " i vi mt tp hp cc t m bn mun xut hin trong kt qu chnh xc nh l mt cm t. V d, "coffee pickers" "somali refugees" "emperor penguins" nn vi phm bn quyn phn mm bun bn tr em Chc nng tm kim theo cm t k trn rt hu ch, nht l khi bn mun tm kim tn ngi (V Nguyn Gip), tn c quan t chc (B ti nguyn v mi trng), li bi ht, mt cm t hoc cu ni ni ting (to be or not to be). Mt s my tm kim cho php bn s dng cc k t thay th (v d k hiu * thng dng) thay th cc k t. V d, nu bn mun tm cc t education, educators v educate, v.v, bn c th nhp educ* Ton t Boolean Mt s my tm kim cho php s dng cc ton t "AND", "OR" v "NOT" din t nhng lnh tm phc tp. Thng cc ton t ny phi vit bng ch hoa. S dng AND nu bn mun nhiu thut ng phi xut hin trong kt qu tm, v d nu bn nhp nh sau: lao ng AND tr em th kt qu s c cc ti liu c c 2 thut ng lao ng v tr em. S dng OR nu bn mun mt trong cc thut ng xut hin trong kt qu tm (hoc l c 2 hay nhiu thut ng). Ton t OR c th s dng mt cch hu ch nu bn mun tm cc t ng ngha, cc cch vit khc nhau ca mt t, v d: organization OR organisation vietnam OR viet nam quy ch OR qui ch S dng NOT loi b nhng ti liu bao gm nhng t bn khng cn. V d: nu bn ang tm thng tin v vng (kim loi qu) ch khng thng tin v vng (mu sc), bn c th din t nh sau: vng NOT mu 3.2.3 Mt s cch thu hp phm vi tm kim khc - Gii hn theo nh dng file (.pdf, .doc, .mp3, ). V d: mun tm cc ti liu hc tp v ho bn c th tm kim cc dng word, Adobe Reader filetype: doc learn photoshop --> tm ti liu file word filetype: pdf learn photoshop --> tm ti liu file Adobe Reader filetype: pdf graphic design --> tm ti liu lin quan n graphic design Mun tm cc file mp3, trong Search ca google g vo on m sau: +("index of") +("/mp3"|"/mp3s"|"/music") +(mp3|zip|rar) +apache Bng cch bin tp m ny, bn c th tm kim bt k nh dng truyn thng(media) no c oog, wav, pdf, v.v Cn bo m phi bin tp c tn th mc cng nh phn m rng ca file. 3.2.2

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

Gii hn theo ngn ng (ting Anh, ting Php, ) Gii hn theo tng loi a ch web (v d ch tm cc ti liu t cc trang web c ui .gov.vn, hoc .edu) Gii hn theo a im xut hin ca t tm kim ( tn ti liu hoc trong ni dung) Tm tranh nh hoc bn : Vi Google, bn hy th vo Google Labs (http://labs.google.com) c th ha nhng g cn tm. Chng hn khi g a ch bt u v kt thc trong Google Maps (http://maps.google.com), bn s nhn c mt bn 2D cng vi ng i v trong nhiu trng hp l hnh nh v tinh c th phng to v on ng . Bn c th dng hnh v tinh ny nh tm bn thng thng. Tuy nhin, Google Maps ch b hp thng tin ti M v dch v ny vn cn trong giai on th nghim. Trong nc, bn c th tham kho bn Vit Nam ti www.basao.com.vn vi bn v 2D kh chi tit. i tm CD-Key mt: Mt chiu p tri phn mm trong my ht hn xi cha v yu cu bn ng trc hai con ng tr tin, np Cd-key hoc khi xi na. G b th tic cn tic, , khng sao Google s gip bn: 94FBR "ADOBE PHOTOSHOP "94FBR " Corel Draw 11". Nu kt qu tm kim khng nh bn c th thay cm t u bng nhng cm t tip theo sau: GC6J3, GTQ62, FP876, D3DX8. V thay th bng tn phn mm cn tm, bn s c tt c trong tay.

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

Sau khi phn tch nhu cu thng tin, bn c th tip tc qu trnh tm kim s dng bng sau y: 3.3 Phn nhm yu cu thng tin 3.4 Chn cng c tm kim ph hp

Loi yu cu tm

V d

Gm cc t/cm t r rng, d hiu (gn nh khng th b hiu nhm sang ngha khc). Gm cc t ph bin hoc khi qut c th c kt qu l qu nhiu kt qu khng ph hp

o o o o

bun bn tr em u t nc ngoi Robusta coffee Fair trade +chocolate

o o o

Weekend break Qun tr kinh doanh Du hc

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

Chn cng c tm kim ph hp vi thng tin m bn cn. Xem xt cch thc lm vic ca tng cng c tm v din t li lnh tm c th khai thc ti a cc chc nng ca cng c tm . C gng thc hin vic tm kim trn nhiu cng c tm kim khc nhau. Xem cc kt qu tm v s dng cc thut ng c s dng trong cc vn bn tm c tm kim li. My tm kim Danh mc theo ch Web n (invisible web) (Google, AltaVista) cc t, cm t Xem xt cc kh nng Nu bn tm: trong du ngoc kp xut hin ca ch bn , my tm kim ang tm trong cc mc o D liu c th tm chnh xc khc nhau v mt ch o S liu thng k cm t theo trt t c th xut hin trong o Bn v.v . nhiu nhm. khi cc c s d liu Tm nhng thut ng Tm cc danh mc theo c th hn phn ch hiu r hn v chuyn ngnh c th ph hp vi bt k yu cu no. Dng nh nhu cu tin ca cc ch nh c trong mt danh mc theo ch mnh. nhu cu tin ca mnh. hoc mt my tm kim bt

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

Tm thng tin khi qut v mt ch . o o o Tm kim thng tin theo mt ch hp. o o Quyn s hu tr tu / Intellectual property rights Rain forest ecology Vn hc Anh TRONG TRNG HP NY MY TM KIM KHNG PHI L CNG C TM KIM TI U. Din t lnh tm bng cch s dng cc t ni thu hp hoc m rng phm vi tm nh AND, OR, NOT. Bn s c c kt qu u tm kim c s d liu ph tt nht nu tm cmt hp. V d: danh mc theo ch m - mun tm c s d liu trong c lit k v ch v dn s, nhp vo m bn quan tm. Google: population Tm mt danh mc theo database ch v xem lt theo cc th mc ca n - tm s liu thng k v tm ch nh m bn gio dc: education quan tm. statistics Cc danh mc theo ch c th s dng nhiu thut ng khc nhau, tuy nhin thut ng thng dng nht thng c s dng.
-

o C th din t bng nhiu cch khc nhau. o o o o

Thng k v nn bun bn tr em Vit Nam Migration patterns of Emperor penguins in the Antarctic Cc d n v giao thng nng thn Vit Nam Falkland Islands OR S dng ton t OR Malvinas din t lnh tm. New Zealand OR Aotearoa Cassava OR manioc Freedom of speech OR press freedom OR anticensorship OR 1st amendment nh t OR bt ng sn

tm cc cng thng tin: education portal/gateway

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

Bng so snh nhu cu tin ca bn vi cc tnh nng ca my tm kim Vic phn tch nhu cu thng tin ca bn trc khi tin hnh tm kim l quyt nh xem thut ng no s c s dng v nn s dng tnh nng no ca my tm kim cho ph hp. Bng sau y lit k nhng c im ca nhu cu thng tin ct bn tri. Ct bn phi lit k nhng tnh nng ca my tm kim ph hp vi c im ca tng loi nhu cu thng tin ca bn. Cc tnh nng tng ng/ph hp ca my tm kim TM THEO CM T l tnh nng bn c th s dng trong mi cng c tm kim. Chn tnh nng yu cu kt qu phi c cm t theo ng trt t bn nh vo. a cm t vo trong du ngoc kp " " V d: "bt ng sn" "world health organization" "Nguyn Minh Chu" Mt hay vi thut ng ca bn s c nhiu ngha trong nhiu ng Ton t AND hu ch trong trng hp ny: cnh khc nhau? tr em AND truyn hnh AND bo lc (children AND o nh hng ca bo lc trn truyn hnh i vi tr em television AND violence) (Children in conjunction with television and also violence) bo ch AND o c AND kim duyt (journalism AND ethics AND censorship) o S kim duyt nh l mt kha cnh ca o c trong bo Cc my tm kim Google v AllTheWeb v phn ln cc cng c tm ch Censorship as an aspect of ethics in journalism kim khc u s dng ton t AND mt cch ngm nh: children television violence journalism ethics censorship Bn on rng trong danh sch kt qu s c rt nhiu trang web c Ton t AND NOT hoc NOT hu ch trong trng hp ny: nhng t m bn khng mun? "biomedical engineering" AND cancer AND NOT "Department o V d: bn tm kim ti liu v biomedical engineering v of" AND NOT "School of" cancer. Tuy nhin trong trang kt qu c rt nhiu trang web hoc dng du tr - pha trc t mun loi b: c im ca nhu cu thng tin Bn ang tm mt tn ngi, tn ti liu c th hoc mt thut ng/cm t r rng? o Tn ca mt t chc, hip hi hoc phong tro o Tn ca mt c nhn, mt s vic, s vt o Mt thut ng/cm t xc nh r rng

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

gii thiu v cc kha o to ca cc trng, vin, trong "biomedical engineering" cancer -"Department of" -"School of" khi bn ch mun tm nhng bo co nghin cu. V vy, bn khng mun nhng trang web c nhng t Department of hay School of (khoa) Thut ng tm kim ca bn c rt nhiu t ng ngha, cc cch Ton t OR hu ch trong trng hp ny: vit khc nhau, hay cc t nguyn gc bng ting nc ngoi? (women OR females) AND networking o women, females with networking (literature OR litterature) AND (French or francaise) o tip th, nghin cu th trng, marketing qui ch OR quy ch khu cng ngh cao o quy ch khu cng ngh cao hoc qui ch khu cng ngh cao Trong Google, vit hoa t OR: literature OR litterature french OR francaise Trong AllTheWeb, s dng du ngoc n v khng cn dng t OR: (literature litterature) (french francaise) Bn tm trang ch v/hoc ti liu ch cp n thut ng tm kim ca bn? V d: o Trang ch ca American Dietetic Association o Trang ch yu ni v Affirmative Action Bn ang tm nhng thut ng c rt nhiu ui khc nhau? V d: o Feminism, feminist, feminine o Children, child Gii hn trong nhan (TITLE) ca ti liu title:"American Dietetic Association" title:"affirmative action" Trong Google, nh vo ca s tm kim allintitle:"affirmative action" CC K T THAY TH cho php tm kim tt c cc thut ng ny trong mt lnh tm. V d: child* s tm ra child v children Mt s cng c tm kim t ng tm tt c cc t c ui khc nhau. Xem phn hng dn ca mi cng c bit chi tit. Hoc bn cng c th s dng ton t OR trong lnh tm kim: children OR child

Mt s mo khc:

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

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[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

C c quan, t chc, hip hi no c th cung cp thng tin v ch m bn ang tm kim? => Tm trang web ca t chc v tm cc n phm min ph trn trang web ca cc t chc . Bn c bit mt ti liu c th v ch cn tm (sch/bi bo)? a. Nu bit => Tm ti liu c th bng my tm kim, sau xem kt qu v tm ti cc trang web c thng tin ph hp HOC nu c ti liu ton vn th xem phn Ti liu trch dn/tham kho (References/Bibliography) tm ti cc ti liu khc. b. Nu cha bit => Tm trong mt c s d liu min ph/mc lc th vin v lp li bc a. www.findarticles.com ; www.jstor.org (ting Anh) Phin bn c ca cc trang web: http://www.archive.org The Internet Archive Wayback Machine l dch v cho php ngi s dng xem li cc phin bn c ca ca cc trang web. Dch v ny c bit hu ch khi bn mun tm li ti liu trc tuyn tm thy v/hoc s dng trc y (phin bn c) nhng hin vn bn ny c cp nht trn trang web chnh thc.

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

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[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

3.5 Tm li khuyn t mt ngi!

Nu bn khng th tm c thng tin bng cc cng c tm kim, hy tm s gip t nhng ngi c kinh nghim. Ch , cng c tm kim khng bit suy ngh! V vy nu bn tm c mt danh mc theo ch v vn m bn quan tm nhng khng c ti liu m bn cn tm, hy tm mt a ch email hoc ng dn ti thng tin v mt chuyn gia v lnh vc , hoc tc gi ca mt ti liu hay tm li khuyn. Bn cng c th gi cu hi ca mnh n mt nhm tho lun hoc din n. Di y l v d v dch v gii p thc mc min ph (bng ting Anh) do cc th vin hoc mt nhm c lp ca Hoa K cung cp. Ask A+ Locator http://www.vrd.org/locator/ Dch v tham kho trc tuyn: y l dch v hi p min ph, ch yu dnh cho hc sinh ph thng, gip lin kt ngi s dng vi cc nh chuyn mn v tng lnh vc. Ask a Librarian http://www.loc.gov/rr/askalib/ - gi cu hi qua e-mail v tr gip trc tip t Th vin Quc hi M. Nm giai on tm kim trn y l mt cch hu hiu tm kim trn Internet v trong nhiu trng hp bn c th tm ra rt nhiu ti liu. Tuy nhin tin cy ca ti liu tm c trn mng cn c xem xt cn thn, v vy trong qu trnh tm tin bn cn phi thc hin nhng cng vic tip theo sau y: 3.6 Nu bc u bn cha thnh cng ,, hy th li! ng qu tht vng khi khng tm c thng tin tht va . tr thnh mt ngi tm tin c k nng, bn s phi lun xem xt li cc bc mnh tin hnh trong qu trnh tm kim v tm nhng cch khc nhau, din t li lnh tm kim, s dng cc t tm kim khc, hoc thm ch xem xt li nhu cu thng tin ca mnh. Bn s tr nn thnh tho vi vic s dng cc cng c tm kim. 3.7 3.7.1 nh gi kt qu tm ,,Hy suy ngh trc khi nhn chut

Hy xem xt cu trc ca mt a ch web (URL - Uniform Resource Locator):

Nguyn Tun Anh 45K

July 28, 2007

Vic bin tp ni dung thng c trong ngnh in n, xut bn, thng khng c s dng trn Internet. Trong khi trn Internet, mi ngi c t do a ln bt c thng tin g. iu ny khin cho lng thng tin trn Internet rt phong ph, rt c li cho ngi tm tin. Tuy nhin, cn phi nh gi cht lng v chnh xc ca bt c thng tin no tm c trn Internet. Hy xem xt mt cch cn thn, trc ht l t a ch web (URL) ca tng ti liu c th chn la nhng thng tin ph hp nht.

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

http://www.hrw.org/press/2003/02/powell20303.htm Loi giao thc: trong trng hp ny l hypertext transfer http:// protocol www. hrw.org /press/2003/02/powell203 03.htm Ch ra World Wide Web Tn min (domain name) ca trang web a ch/ng dn ti trang web c th. Du gch cho / c s dng phn cch cc cp lu tr thng tin (th mc) khc nhau trong trang web. Tn file ca trang. Phn m rng ca tn file cho bit loi file. Trong v d ny l htm (hypertext mark-up language ngn ng nh du siu vn bn).

/powell20303.htm htm

3.7.2

Mt a ch web (URL) gm c nhng yu t no?

i. Loi tn min (Domain types) Tn min m trang web s dng cho bn bit s ph hp ca ni dung trong trang. - Cc trang web ca c quan chnh ph: c cc ch .go, hoc .gov, hoc .mil - Cc trang web v gio dc, nghin cu: c cc ch .edu, hoc .ac, hoc .re - Cc t chc phi li nhun: c ch .org ii. Ngun xut bn Ngun xut bn ca mt trang thng c t tn trong a ch web (URL), hoc l trong tn min, hoc l trong ng dn (th mc). Hy nh gi cht lng ca thng tin thng qua vic tr li nhng cu hi sau y: - Bn bao gi nghe ni n ngun tin ny cha? N c ni ting khng? - a ch web c tn c nhn c gp trong tn min ca mt nh cung cp dch v Internet (Internet Service Provider ISP) hoc nh cung cp dch v thu trang web khng (v d aol.com hoc geocities.com), hoc c du ng ~ trong a ch web (v d www.curtin.edu.au/~joebloggs.html), hoc c nhng t nh "users," hoc "member"? Nhng yu t trn thng ch ra rng l trang web ca c nhn t xut bn m khng c s kim sot hoc thm nh ni dung ca c quan ph trch. V vy bn cn xem xt k ni dung cng nh tc gi ca ti liu.

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[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

iii. Mt s tiu ch nh gi khc 1. S cp nht ca thng tin (ngy cp nht cui cng). Bn phi kim tra s cp nhp thong tin v thng tin trn mng hin nay cp nhp hng gi. V d cc thng tin phn tch th trng chng khon cp nhp hng gi. 2. Trnh ca ca tc gi, nu tc gi c trnh cng cao th thng tin tm c s c gi tr hn nhng thng tin cng cao 3. Thnh kin: cch nh gi thin lch hay cn bng. V d: thng tin v li ch ca tht t trang web ca Hip hi chn nui s khc vi thng tin tng t t trang web ca Hi nhng ngi n chay. 4. Nn s dng tng hp a chiu, tt nht nn c nhng kim tra nhiu ngun khc nhau bi v hin nay nhng thng tin c th cho khng nhng khng chnh xc hoc ly t ngun khc v sao chp ca nhau. Nhng thng tin ny nn kim tra trc khi s dng cc thng tin. Hi vng vi nhng thng tin b ch trn th bn c th t tm kim c nhng thng tin trn mng internet. Ti liu ny nhng g c bn nht v tng hp cc ngun ti liu trong cng nh ngoi nc, v kinh nghim ca ti.. Cui cng do trnh c hn nn khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Mi kin xin gi v emai: n.tuananh1985@gmail.com. hoc tuananh1985_wru@hotmail.com. Chc cc bn thnh cng!

Ti liu tham kho:

Barker, Joe. 2006. Finding Information on the Internet: A Tutorial. University of California at Berkeley. Retrieved August 18, 2006, from http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/FindInfo.html Deakin University Library. 2006. Searching the Internet. Retrieved October 3, 2006, from http://www.deakin.edu.au/library/tutorials/smartsearcher/internet.html Feldman, Anna. Searching the Internet. Association for Progressive Communications. Retrieved August 10, 2006, from http://www.itrainonline.org/ Habib, David P. and Balliot, Robert L. 2003. How to Search the World Wide Web: A Tutorial for Beginners and Non-Experts. Middletown Public Library. Retrieved August 12, 2006, from http://middletownpubliclibrary.org/tutor.htm

Hurst, Gabrille and Brown, Cheryl (eds.). 2006. A Good Place to Start: The IDS knowledge services guide to finding development information online. IDS, London. Retrieved August 12, 2006, from http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/info/sliGoodGuide.html V Th Nha.2007.Tm kim thng tin trn internet, Trung tm Thng tin Pht trin Vit Nam

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Huckerby, Martin. 2006. The Net for Journalists: A practical guide to the Internet for journalists in developing countries. UNESCO. Retrieved August 12, 2006, from http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/21010/11387936529net_for_journalists.pdf/net_for_journalists.pdf

[Cc k nng c bn tm kim trn internet]

PC World M 7/2005 v cc thng tin trn mng.

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