Bi 1: hh X gm 0,3 mol H2 v 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen.

Nung X mt time, xc tc Ni, thu c hh kh

Y c t khi hi so vi khng kh l 1. Nu cho ton b Y sc t t vo bnh ng dd Br2 d th cm
g Br2 tham gia p. Tm m?
Bi 1:
Gi s a mol H2 p.(v p. sy ra trong 1 t.gian)-> nH2d=0.3-a mol
Do p. sy ra trong 1 t.gian nn sau.p. s c C4H4 d v C4Hx c to ra
1C4H4-->1C4Hx=>n(HC sau p.)= nC4H4 ban u=0.1 mol
M(Y)=29x1=29-->(0.3x2+0.1x52)/(0/3-a+0.1)=29->a=0.2 mol
Ta c c a mol H2 p. th c a mol lin kt pi b ph v->c 0.2 mol l.kt pi b ph v
->s l.kt pi cn li = 0.1x3-0.2=0.1 mol (v trong 1p.t C4H4 c 3 l.kt pi)
C nBr2=n l.kt pi->nBr2p.=0.1 mol
->mBr2p=16 g
Cch 2
t khi ca hh X so vi khng kh l (52x0,1+2x0,3)/0,4/29 = 0,5
nX/nY = t khi ca X/t khi ca Y = 2
=> nhhY = 0,4/2 = 0,2 mol
=> nH2 p = 0,4-0,2= 0,2 mol
n lk pi trong X = 0,1x3 = 0,3 mol
=> n lk pi trong Y = n lk pi trong X - nH2 p = 0,3-0,2 = 0,1 mol
=> nBr2 p = 0,1 mol => mBr2 = 16 gam
B1) Cho 13,8 (g) hp cht hu c X c CTPT C7H8 td AgNO3/NH3 (d) thu c 45,9 (g) kt ta. Vit cc CTCT
c th c ca X
/ u tin ta thy X l hidrocacbon nn t/d AgNO3 th n co ni 3 u mch
nX=13,8/92=0,15(mol)
m khi tham gia p/u vi AgNO3 thi ta lun c nX=n(kt ta)
Gi s X c mt ni 3 th kt ta c CTPT l C7H7Ag =>n(kt ta)=0,23(mol) (loi)
X c 2 ni 3 th kt ta co CTPT l C7H6Ag2 => n(kt ta)=0,15(mol) (nhn)
Vy X c 2 ni 3 u mch c dng CH(ni 3)C5H6(ni 3)CH
CTCT l CH_=C-CH2-CH2-CH2-C_=CH (bn tp tc b nhnh C5H6 nh! m nh ni 3 phi nm u mch)
2, hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 c cng s mol.Ly 1 lng hn hp X cho qua cht xc tc nung
nng , thu c hn hp Y gm C2H2,C2H4,C2H6,H2.Sc Y vo dd nc Br th khi lg bnh tng
10.8 gam v thot ra 4.48 l h hp kh c t khi v H2 l 8. t chy Y thi dc V lt O2?
hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 c cng s mol.Ly 1 lng hn hp X cho qua cht xc tc nung
nng , thu c hn hp Y gm C2H2,C2H4,C2H6,H2.Sc Y vo dd nc Br th khi lg bnh tng
10.8 gam v thot ra 4.48 l h hp kh c t khi v H2 l 8. t chy Y thi dc V lt O2?
Gi nC2H2 = nH2 = x
C2H2 + H2 C2H4
y---------y--------y
C2H2 + 2H2 C2H6
z----------2z--------z
nC2H2 d = x-y-z, nH2 d = x-y-2z
m bnh tng = mC2H2 d + mC2H4 = 26*(x-y-z) + 28*y = 10,8 => 26x + 2y -26z = 10,8(1)
Hn hp kh sau phn ng gm: C2H6 v H2 d, c t khi so vi H2 l 8 => nC2H6 = nH2 = 0,1
mol
=>z = 0,1 (2) v x-y-2z = 0,1(3)

Gii h tm c: x = 0,5, y = 0,2

t chy Y cng chnh l t chy X
C2H2 + 5/2O2 2CO2 + H2O
H2 + 1/2O2 H2O
nO2 = 3x = 1,5 mol => VO2 = 33,6 l.
. t chy hon ton hn hp X gm C2H2, C3H4 v C4H4 (s mol mi cht bng nhau)
thu c 0,09 mol CO2. Nu ly cng mt lng hn hp X nh trn tc dng vi mt lng d
dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, th khi lng kt ta thu c ln hn 4 gam. Cng thc cu to
ca C3H4 v C4H4 trong X ln lt l: A. CHC-CH3, CH2=C=C=CH2. B. CH2=C=CH2, CH2=CHCCH. C. CHC-CH3, CH2=CH-CCH. D. CH2=C=CH2, CH2=C=C=CH2.
so mol moi chat trong dd X la o.o9/(2+3+4)=o.o1(mol).so lien ket pi trong phan tu 3 chat lan luot
la 2,2,3.gia su 3 chat deu tao ket tua voi bac
C2h2---->C2Ag2(240g/mol)
C3h4---->C3Agh3(147g/mol)
C4h4---->C4Agh3(159g/mol0
==>khoi luong ket tua la m=0.01*(546)=5.46(thoa man >4g)
neu chi co 2 chat tao ket tua ta xet th tao ket tua max la c2h2 va c4h4
ta co khoi luong ket tua la m=0.01(240+159)=3.99<4g(loai)
vay 3 chat deu fi la ankin noi 3 dau mach
chon C
1)hn hp kh X gm etilen, metan, propin, vinylaxetilen c t khi hi so vi Hidro l 17, t hon ton 0.05mol
X
ri hp th ton b sp chy vo bnh dd Ca(OH)2 th khi lng tng l:
1, NX: etilen C2H4, metan CH4, propin C3H4, vinylaxetilen C4H4 u c 4H nn gi CT trung bnh l CnH4
M tb = 12n + 4 = 17x2 = 34
=> n = 2,5
C2,5H4 -----> 2,5 CO2 + 2 H2O
0,05 -------------> 0,125 ----> 0,1
klg bnh Ca(OH)2 tng = mCO2 + mH2O = 44x0,125 + 18x0,1 = 7,3 g => D.
Cho butan qua xc tc( t cao) thu dc hh X: C4H10, C4H8, C4H6, H2. T khi ca X so vi butan l 0,4.
Nu cho 0,6 mol X vo dung dch ...

khi lng mol trung bnh ca X

0.4*58=23.2
mX = 23.2*0.6= 13.92=mC4H10( bo ton khi lng)
nC 4 H10 = 13. 92/58 = 0.24
=> nH2 tao ra = nX - nC4H10=0.6-0.24=0.36
nH2=nBr2 = 0.36 mol
p n B
Bi 1 : Hn hp kh X gm mt ankan v mt anken. T khi ca ca X so vi H2 bng 11,25. t chy hon
ton 4,48 lt X, thu c 6,72 lt CO2 (cc th tch o ktc). Xc nh cng thc ca ankan v anken .
nX=0.2 v nCO2 =0.3
gi n l s nguyn t ccbon trung bnh th n=1.5
theo t/c ca n tb th N1<1.5<n2
suy ra n1=1 ch c th l ankan CH4 v dk l anken th s nt C phi ln hn hoc bng 2

X=11.25*2=22.5
by gi c 3 n vi 3 d kin th lp h 3 pt gii ra lun
3 n l :s mol CH4,s mol anken va s nt C ca anken vi 3 d kin bi
c th lm theo cch ny th nhanh hn(ko hiu th ty)
mX=4.5
nH2O=0.45
n CH4=0.15
n aken=0.05
nCO2(do anken sinh ra )=0.15
n3=3 ctpt anken C3H6
Cu 6: Khi brom ho mt ankan ch thu c mt dn xut monobrom duy nht c t khi hi i vi hiro l
75,5. Tn ca ankan l
A. 3,3-imetylhecxan.
B. 2,2-imetylpropan. C. isopentan.
D. 2,2,3-trimetylpentan.
M dn xut = 151 => Mankan = 72 => C5H12----1 d/xut monobrom duy nht nn /n B