Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1917-1935
Tbilisi
2011
0
2011
Kartvelology Centre
of Saint Andrew the First-Called Georgian University
of the Patriarchate of Georgia
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2011
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The present study, on the basis of old letters and other archival
materials obtained in St. Petersburg and Tbilisi, analyses radically different
positions of great scholars Ivane Javaskhisvili and Nicholas Marr regarding
the Georgian University, and in general, the planning and prospects of
Georgian science. The study demonstrates the real cause of the political
aggression towards a Georgian-language University.
The study is also urgent due to the fact that the viewpoints of Iv.
Javakhishvili and N. Marr should be analyzed in the context of discussions
linked with the Georgian-language education, Georgian-language science
and development of Kartveleology in Georgia of the turn of the 21st c.
The study will be useful for specialists interested in the history of
Kartvelology and the literary Georgian language, the problems of education
in annexed Georgia as well as for students. Along with this, interesting
documentary material is offered to readers in the Georgian language, which
will enable them to trace the difficult and contradictory path of the
development of scholarly Kartvelology in the Russian Empire.
Editor
Prof. Dr. Merab Nachkebia
Table of Contents
................................................................................................. 11
Prefece ....................................................................................................................11
.......................................................................................................... 13
Introduction .............................................................................................................13
I ................................................................................................................ 17
-
................................................................... 17
Chapter I: The Georgian University the main topic of opposition of national and
anti-national powers .................................................................................................17
1.1. . ..................................... 17
N. Marr against the Georgian University............................................................17
1.2. .
Peviewers:
Prof. Dr. Kakha Kvashilava, Prof. Dr. Revaz Sherozia
............................................................................................. 24
Iv. Javakhishvilis position after four years from the foundation of the Georgian
University............................................................................................................24
1.3. . .
.................................................................... 31
Private correspondence of N.Marr and Iv. Javakhishvili in connection with the
Georgian University............................................................................................31
T.Putkaradze, I. Vashakidze
.......................... 33
Documentary materials analyzed in Chapter I .........................................................33
............................ 143
) . . , ...................................33
) 1923 26
, /
.............................................................................................................................. 143
N. Marrs letter of protest of March 26, 1923 against the transfer of Georgian
manuscripts to Tbilisi University......................................................................143
/ ..............................................................................................................55
N.Y. Marr, On the Caucasian University in Tbilisi ......................................33-85
) .
...........................................................................88
Presentation of Iv. Javakhishvili on occasion of the 4th anniversary of the
foundation of Tbilisi State University /with a brief history of the origin and
foundation/..........................................................................................................88
II ............................................................................................................. 130
) .
................................................................................................................... 147
A. Shanidzes mediation before the Academy of Sciences...............................147
............................................ 130
) .............................................. 148
Answer of the Academy of Sciences of Russia ..................................................14
)
- . 1923 17
........ 150
The telegraph of D. Jgushia, representative of Georgia in the Russian
Federation Republic in the "field of academic affairs", to the rector of Tbilisi
State University, October 17, 1923...................................................................150
2.3. .............141
Decision of the Council of Professors of the University..................................141
.................................................................................................... 152
Chapter III: An Unrealized Expedition of American archeologists to Mtskheta and
Nakalakevi .............................................................................................................152
......................................................................................................... 168
Article published with the pseudonym Chveni against Georgian scientists
(newspaper Komunisti, July 2, 1924)................................................................168
)
, ..................................................... 172
Iv. Javakhishvilis response on behalf of Tbilisi State University to the article of
"Chveni", 1924....................................................................................................172
3.2. . . .
....................................................................... 156
N. Marr against American archaeologists. A politicized publication supporting
N. Marr .............................................................................................................156
IV :
: ....... 178
Chapter IV: Practical results of the anti-Georgian and anti-University
campaign.................................................................................................................178
........................... 162
Documentary material analyzed in Chapter III .....................................................162
) . .
: ........................................................................ 162
Z. Avalishvilis letters to Iv. Javakhishvili concerning negotiation with the
Americans on conducting archeological excavations.......................................162
....................................................................................... 186
Summary .......................................................................................................... 190
- Bibliography and Sources ............................ 194
.......... 166
Protest of the Director of the Institute of Material Culture of the Academy of
Sciences against the archeological expedition of American scientists to
Mtskheta and Nakalakevi..................................................................................166
.
, ,
.
N. Marr considers the Georgian language as an interesting object of
study, but Georgian as a language of science and education is
unacceptable for him.
T. Putkaradze, I. Vashakidze
,
.
Ivane Javakhishvili continues the path of his great ancestors and
tries to revive the centuries-old educational and scientific tradition
of the Georgian language.
T. Putkaradze, I. Vashakidze
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VIII. 1930-1936
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188
189
Summary
The history of Kartvelology, and in general, that of the Georgianlanguage science and education has repeatedly become the object of study
of specialists. Special interest is due to the fact that the planning of science
and education directly reflects tendencies of construction of the state and
struggling for national self-identity.
The developments occurring from 1917, namely, the destruction of
the political system of Tsarist Russia facilitated in Georgia the
strengthening of the national-liberation movement. Processes directed
towards restoration of the state independence of were accelerated. One of
the important tasks set before the progressive Georgian society was the
foundation of the higher national school a university.
This important task was undertaken by Ivane Javakhishvili the
founder of Georgian historical school, who is rightly considered as the
continuer of the path of Ilia Chavchavadze, ideological leader of public
figures of the 1860s and the national-liberation movement developed from
the second half of the 19th c. Under the guidance of Iv.Javakhishvili the
long-awaited idea of the Georgian society was realized successfully.
The foundation of Tbilisi University brought to light pro-imperial
powers as well, which were set against the development of scholarly
Kartvelology and Georgian-language science in general. Therefore, they
actively opposed the idea of the Georgian University. The initiator of the
anti-Georgian campaign was the Russian Academy of Sciences, namely, its
representative Nicholas Marr, a Georgian by origin.
Radically different views of two great scholars of their time, N.Marr
and Iv.Javakhishvili were manifested in the discussion of urgent questions
linked Georgian science, such as: 1. foundation of the Georgian University
proper; 2. Transfer of the Georgian manuscripts and antiquities preserved at
Russian treasuries to Georgia, and 3. Expedition of the American
archaeologists to Mtskheta and Nakalakevi.
Opposition of the views of scholars with two different mentalities
made evident the incompatibility of the Russian imperial powers and
Georgian scholars carrying national tendencies.
190
191
192
193
- Bibliography and Sources
1968 - . ,
,
., 1968
, 1987 - . , , ., 1987
burusi.wordpress.com
2002 - -
(. ), ., 2002
2009 . , XIX
II , ., 2009
, 2004 - . , . ,
, ., 2004
2006 - . ,
1918-1921
/
/
.,
2006,
http://www.nplg.gov.ge/dlibrary/collect/0002/000071/avtoreferati.pdf
1905 - . , , , 1905
1918 . . , ,
, VI , N 14, , 15
, 1918 .
79 - N 79, . .
, 1906
190 - N 190, . .
, 24 / III, 1918
206 - N 206, . .
, 31 / III, 1931
207- N 207, . .
, 1931
235 - N 235, . .
, 1924
194
, 1991 -
, ., 1991
, 1996 -
, ., 1996
, N 10, 2011
471-1, N 25 -
, 471, 1, N 25
471-1, N136 -
, 471, 1, N 136
471-1, N 138 -
, 471, 1, N 138
872 - . N 872,
1588 - . N 1588, .
.
, 16 / II, 1924
1589 . N 1589,
.
. , 20 / V, 1924
1843 - . N 1843,
.
.
, 4 / III, 1917, -
1939 . N 1939, .
.
, 22 / III, 1929,
2044 - . N 2044,
.
. , 20 / VIII, 1930,
-
195
2098 - . N 2098, .
.
, 4 / III, 1924, -
2099 - . N 2099, .
.
, 7 / III, 1924,
2516 - . N 2516, , .
. , 22/X,1898,
2985 - . N 2985,
, 9/I 20/III, 1923
2986 . N 2986, .
, 1923
2988 - . N 2988,
, 9 / IV, 1924, -
1956 - . ,
, ., 1956
1992 . , ,
VI, ., 1992
1924 (.), ,
, , 2 / VII, 1924
1984 - . ,
, ., 1984
196
- Personal index
. - 18, 63
. - 8, 152, 153, 155, 162, 164, 166, 195
- 58, 59
( ) - 66
. - 130
. - 28, 103
. - 140
. - 79, 80
. - 100
. - 132, 133
. - 162
- 17, 57
. - 162,
- 111, 139
. - 79, 80
. - 139
- 117
- 162
- 57
- - 17, 57, 58
. - 15, 26, 121
. - 28, 104, 109
. - 61, 90, 91
. - 25, 31, 66, 140, 152, 178, 179, 194, 195
- 60
. - 130
() - 99
() - 146
197
. - 130
. - 25, 130, 138, 194
. - 139, 195
. -15, 194
. - 130
. - 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26,
27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 85, 88, 89, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 101,
102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114,
115, 117, 120, 121, 122, 125, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133,
134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141, 142, 146, 152, 153, 156, 157,
158, 159, 160, 161, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181,
182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 194, 196,
. - 181, 182
- 121
. - 162
. - 156, 197
. - 164
. - 16, 154, 165
. - 130, 132, 151
. - 15
- 60
. - 130, 136, 146, 181
- 66
. - 94
- 121
. - 162
- 133
. () - 133, 139
. - 162
. - 91
. - 7, 28, 130, 133, 134, 137, 138, 146, 147, 148, 149, 156,
183, 184
198
. - 162
. - 11, 13, 14, 18, 57, 59, 181, 186
. - 28, 103
. - 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 85, 88, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138,
139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 160, 161,
162, 165, 166, 172, 178, 180, 181, 182, 184, 186, 188, 194, 195,
196
.- 7, 132, 137, 150
- Subject index.
- 3, 18, 25, 118, 135, 136, 157, 158, 161, 171
- 26
- 84
- 60
- 15, 71, 80, 87
- 71, 72, 80, 87, 88,
- 32, 131, 132, 133, 134, 148, 149, 196
- 134
- 16, 141
- 77
- 22, 27, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 162, 163,
164, 165, 166, 167, 175, 187, 195
- 81
- 180
- 24, 187
- 24
- 9, 12, 178, 180, 181, 182,
183, 189,
- 60
199
- 69, 71
(...) - 8, 22, 65, 78, 79, 83, 103, 132,
152, 154, 155, 156, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 175, 187,
195, 196
- 163, 167
- 78
- 75
- 16, 22, 65, 66, 68, 69, 77, 83, 87,
- 17, 18, 66, 67, 68
- 65
- 78
- 156, 167, 176
- 65, 139
- 182
- 12
- 183
(
...) - 20, 21, 56, 75, 76, 135
- 67, 96
(
)
- 85, 117
- 79, 80, 125
- 74
- 168
- 64, 130, 134, 149, 159, 175, 178, 188
- 18, 68
- 117
- 21, 76
- 74
- 158, 170
- 14, 16, 27, 96, 98, 99, 172
- 63
- 56
200
- 106
- 19, 72
- 19, 72
- 85
- 60
- 154, 163
- 77, 79
- 22, 27, 69, 79, 81, 157
- 153
- 62, 74
- 62
- 13, 15, 21, 26, 58, 60, 65, 72, 103, 106
- 155
- 152, 154, 155
- 65
- 70
- 11
- 157, 170
- - 11, 13, 27, 186
- 98
- 13, 14, 29, 159
- 11, 186
-158
- 113
- 83
- 132, 133, 139, 173
- 71
() - 71, 79
( ) - 116
/ /
- 20, 75, 135, 136, 145, 157,
159, 170, 171, 185, 187
201
- 6, 7, 11, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 31, 32, 55, 59,
62, 72, 79, 81, 85, 88, 107, 116, 122, 129, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135,
137, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148, 150, 151, 154, 156, 157, 162, 167,
170, 178, 179, 186, 187, 194, 195, 196
- 6, 7, 11, 24, 28, 82, 132, 134, 135,
137, 140, 141, 142, 143, 150, 154, 156, 186, 187
- 64, 106
- 74, 76
- 57, 75
- 60, 62, 70, 79, 80
- 79
- 18, 28, 66, 83, 102, 103, 104, 109, 110, 140, 141, 144,
156, 161, 168, 183, 184
- 12, 20, 75, 80, 135, 153, 157, 158, 159, 169, 180,
182, 183, 185
- 11, 12, 186
- 66, 103, 184
- 184
- 24, 81, 185
- 11, 13, 65, 72, 78, 106, 168, 181
- 12, 187
- 73
- 13, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 26, 56, 57, 61, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69,
70, 71, 72, 73, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 105, 118, 120, 125, 156,
161, 167, 168
() - 18, 19, 22, 61, 64,
67, 68, 69, 71, 77, 79, 167
- 169
- 85,
- 72, 74, 80, 116, 158
() - 17, 20, 22, 63, 75, 81, 86, 87
- 69
202
- 20, 74
- 20, 74
- 126
- 130, 137, 139, 145, 150
- 79
- 70, 82
- 113
- 83
- 189
- 8, 156,
166, 196
- 126, 128
- 14, 180, 181, 183, 184, 186
- 21, 76
- 106
- 131
- 135, 146
- 25
- 12, 30, 89
- 109
- 70, 155, 165, 195
- 142, 188
- - 29, 107,
- 26, 85, 122,
- 17, 59
- 85
- 62, 74, 75, 80
- - 128
- 180
- 17, 18, 62, 64, 68
- - 106
- 104
203
- 178
- 20, 75
- 57, 116, 120
- 3, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 63,
66, 67, 70, 72, 73, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88, 93, 96, 99,
100, 105, 113, 115, 116, 117, 120, 121, 122, 125, 128, 129, 130,
131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 139, 141, 145, 146, 148, 149, 150, 153,
155, 159, 165, 167, 171, 173, 174, 179, 181, 186, 187, 188, 196
- 123,
- 3, 12, 13, 15, 16, 21, 26, 153, 171, 188
- 7, 11, 16, 130, 131, 134,
135, 141, 146, 148, 149, 186, 196,
- 7, 130, 132, 150
- 27, 125
- 61
- 26
- 82
- 23, 66, 78, 85
- 139
- 19, 63, 72, 86
- 101
- 130
- 154, 162, 163
- 136, 181
- 155
- 18, 62, 63, 66, 67
- 132
- 22, 77
- 133
- 24, 89, 187
- - 14
205
- 106
- - 17, 59, 62
- 65, 75, 103
- 130, 133, 136
- 130
- 29, 107,
- 124
- 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 27, 28, 66, 73, 74, 103, 137, 194
- 89, 146, 160,
- 145
- 145
- 96
- 113
() - 135, 136, 145, 187
- 106
- 22, 77
- 16, 17, 68
- 9, 12, 178, 189
- 178, 179, 188
- 175
-96
- 63
- - 63
- 153
- 84
- 138, 126, 149
- 134, 148
- 96
- 19, 61, 65, 68, 69, 131, 132, 137, 138,
151, 161
- 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 24, 26, 28, 31, 56, 57,
58, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 79, 84,
207
86, 91, 98, 105, 109, 113, 118, 120, 121, 127, 128, 132, 136, 137,
145, 151, 152, 155, 157, 158, 168, 170, 172, 183, 185, 186, 188,
189, 198
- 61
- 11, 16, 19, 28, 138, 142, 158, 186
- 89
- 60
/ / - 11, 18, 136,
140, 186,
- 14, 15
- 28, 65, 103, 104, 112
- 13
- 3, 12, 17, 24, 29, 61, 135, 141, 152, 178,
187, 188, 189
- 103, 140
-106, 164
- 14
- 106
- 3, 5, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23,
24, 25, 28, 31, 32, 33, 55, 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 77, 80, 84, 86, 93, 96,
98, 101, 105, 137, 138, 141, 152, 159, 161, 170, 171, 186, 187, 188
- 60
- 6, 7, 12, 32, 130, 134, 135, 138, 139,
143, 145 158, 160, 195, 196
- 65, 103, 106
- 59, 106
- 12, 30, 89
- 108
- 78
- 121
- 83
- 153
208
209
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210
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