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uyfwusdp;D eDvzD AYdk sm,fa0/

armifckdifatmif
- 22 -

- 23 -

- 24 -

11

avQmhBudK;

ajrmufONrdKYukd IarQmfaomf

xked ed Yf
a'edeYf
rd;k x
nZm
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&ckid o
f rku
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dk f
ajrmufOacwfudk ? jrifa,mifa&/

oumvlxm;a& pum;
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auseyfaw/

rdUk;d eef;u? usD-jy? wHwidk f

tHv
h idI ;f usKH;ajrmif;? cHwyfaygif;
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f if;
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aemif&Jckdif

zufuif;wkEidI ;f ? cHu
h sKdi;f tausmf
ra[mfjrwfOmPf? zd;jynf&h H
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&ckid af jrmufO? rGeMf u,fjrL;

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ajrmufOwpfjzpf? xGe;f ay:vSpaf u
&ifEiS ahf ysmfjrL;? azmfusL;&a&/

ewfjrpf-pef;atmif

- 25 -

- 26 -

- 27 -

12

od'dwifjcif;
vGJacsmfjcif;
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ra&r&m
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qEwyd sKdUwufeed v
f m
tmacgifwiG ;f u
]csifjcif;}ukd vufx;dk tefyvku
d /f

- 28 -

&ifzwfBuD; usef;usef;acgufacguf
,if;csifeh efv
Y m;
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[kw
d ,f? rkw
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ukid ;f ? -----------------/

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rsufEmS awmif ropfc
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vQm&nfwaomaomeef/Y

vIdif;?upy?
- 29 -

- 30 -

13

yef;ausmif;ydwfcsdef
rkew
f idk ;f rk;d ouf[ek v
f ma&
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f ifauwtdt/d

Munhv
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dk cf suf
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f rd ahf v
a,mf --- /

aemifat;

- 31 -

tkt
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a'yef;yGiahf oQkpYd mG
NrDatmufausmif;rSm wufvmrod/
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tm;vk;H xuyf a*smifrmS &yf
olUdk q&m ausmif;rvTw/f

- 32 -

rd;k rjywfwrf; &Gmvkv

Yd m
olaYdk usmif;ydwAf sm
awmxJrmS opfuidk ;f cuf
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yef;zkaoQwdNyD;xGuv
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t0wfa&mifpyHk wfvyYdk g
yef;Eka&mifeefY jzLt0g/

- 33 -

14

ukd,fwkdif&D; twKywd
ausmufom;ausmufwkH;
uAsmNrdKY

cspfvu
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l v
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rodygvm;tkt
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tdrjf yefcsifwjzwfjzwf
baZmifysm,mcwf/
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vku
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Ydk Akd sm ikv
d aYdk wmif;
tuRefxifrad Mumif;/
ighrmtrd trif[ad &ykid f
olrYdk mS trd trif[Ed idk af & [duwfaw/

uavmifeD?ajrmufOD;?

pku
d jf yvku
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t&dy&f yif yef;yif
Munfeh ed yf vif/
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ppefo
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d ef idk /f

(w*k;d \ The Creseant Moon rSThe Flower School

ukd qDavsmfa&ykid jf yefqydk ga&/)

- 34 -

vkw
d idk ;f &qD;? vufKdS ;wpfacsmif;
xk;d csifpmG xk;d
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uefv
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Y maemufrmS /
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ck;H rkaYd wmifwpfv;Hk
0ke;f ueJ xGujf yLvm
rif;wduv
ufKSd ;&Srd mS /

0D;edef&
- 35 -

- 36 -

15

qkdufab;&D;,m;
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Oum<uD wm&m<uD Mu,f<uDa& t&yf
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olUdk vmuwfAsm,fav/
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vIid ;f pD;&ifcek f aysmf&iT f Nidr;f csrf;eDuwf,if/h

(ukd;aomif;ykxkd;awmfokdY
yOrtBudrOf ;D nTwrf )I

- 37 -

- 38 -

uspfNyD;au oefpmG vSpmG udk

oabmusvkdY
rsKd;EG,q
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em*dEarmfueG ;f ukd rodauavh
Zmwducdk spf trdajrukd cspfaw
tqifjh rifih u
S w
f yd ga0/

- 39 -

16

jcKyfrD;qGJeefY vl
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jrwfomxGef;

twaESmifBudK;
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txD;usef? tkad [mif;jcif;wdeefY --- /

armifckdifatmif
- 40 -

- 41 -

- 42 -

17

opfyw
k o
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ta`rSmif;vku
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tom;wdyJhyemus
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ajrmufOD;NrDukd vmvnfyg

yvky?f N*dw?f Avd? iSuf

a'aumifaoQwd
aumif;aumif;yif
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wHwidk ;f ysufyd? eef;&mtked efY

usKH;ukad jrzk?Yd vlUdk tdraf qmuf
usKH;&maysmufvk [de,
D if/h
a'edcsdecf g? NrDeef;&mukd
zG&D mS ok;H oyf? wl;uyfaz:uwf
avhvmuwfeef?Y vm;uwfvmuwf
Munhf UI uwfeef?Y Iycf scwfvYdk [de,
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xkx
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rsufarSmufxifxif? vufwjdG rifatmif
t,ifvmvkv
Yd nfygvwf/
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xk;d t,ifcgu
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wpfcgyifay:rvmvDAsm,fum --- /
ta0 --ud;BuD;wpfyifeefaY vhaomh
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hf ifh --- /

0if;ukdckdif

&ckid t
f rG?D ajrmufO;D NrDrm
ausmufpmyDpm? ZmwDb&k m;
ausmufom;vuf&m? EkynmkUd
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ck;d 0Su,
f il if? tjrifraumif;
waxmif;rG<uD? NrDrmS 0yfpif;
Muif;qef;Muif;vkYd [de,
D if/h

- 44 -

&mZ0ifa[mif;? orkid ;f aMumif;ukd

ranmif;ryef;? NzD;jzef;,rf;wkwf
[dw[
f efvyk v
f ?Ydk vDyef;uwfzrYdk [kwyf g/
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Yd ?k aMumif;yxkwaf z:
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tdrjf yefMuOD;r[kwyf g/
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jynf&mG twGu?f vufww
dG pfck
tusKd;yzk?Yd t"dXmefvYdk vmvnfyg/

rTD;udif

- 45 -

18

b@m
rkd;

Mum;vm --axGawmifwx
d ufu
tanSmufaygufZmwD
ajymjyedeaf &pum;/

jruf&u
G t
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0wfeHk uftoH wjzef;jzef;eefY
rif; ysHoef;vmvwfpmG vm/

Mum;vm --vufqnfuef&jD yif

nifomvDniS ;f zdw;dk
k;d tDrvm;a&
oDjcif;pmom;wd/

a'o jrif;kid ;f ukd ZufyiG hf

vSo
H mG ;rD;yGihf wvufvufeefY
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om;rJt
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f ufrmS
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ocsFKid ;f ajrvkyf
avmupnf;jyifudk xkwyf pfvu
dk &f pGm/

tcsdet
f cgvnf; roifh
ede&f mvnf;rwifah & rk;d
t&Sed t
f 0g0ifh
rvdrrf musifah & rk;d
rif;av
usdepf moifah & rd;k
usefpmoifah & rk;d /

aemifat;?taemuf?
- 46 -

- 47 -

jrifvm --twdwu
f
tdyrf ufjzpfv&D zkv
Yd m;
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f dk ]Zpf}zwf
&ifziG t
hf xkyNf zDjya&
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tkid ;f ?NrdKUa[mif;?

19

okH;oyfjcif;

vjcrf;NrD

xkrd mS avh q&m

aMumuf&pGm/

e'Dupy tOe
k;d r&ifciG f vSrsKd;qif
oZifBudKifvrT ;f &TaD &mifoef;
urf;jymaomifNcD vjcrf;NrD/

a'rSmavh q&m
aMumuf&pGm/
q&mq&m
aMumuf&pGmcsnf;
q&mrjy
iydzw
k u
f --- enf;rusavh/

rsKd;k;d pkid v
f m tZlZm
ckid rf mMumanmif; orkid ;f aMumif;
vufajymif;,lvwf &Srd jDG rwf
av;&yf0wD vNcrf;NrD/
trsKd;oDv ESpXf me
jynf0h r@dKif apmifph rG ;f Ekid f
&uKd ifemr bGUJ rnfvS
wGicf ygvD vjcrf;NrD/

q&mtuduf
rsufjzLqku
d af tmif --- /
q&mrsm;oD
om;roD(ao)atmif
tvDvq
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oli,fcsif; --- /

bm;bl'idk ;f usD &So

d ufoD
qef&o
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jynf0h eS af ygvD vjcrf;NrD/

oEmurf;NrD k;d awmifNcD

a&mifeq
D w
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pkid v
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armifeef;vS?ajrmufOD;?

odef;aemif
- 49 -

tJtefarmfueG ;f oku
d ef 'd gef;
usrf;"rowf e0&wf
pyfqpdk my bGUJ &wk
ek&yG iG 0hf D vjcrf;NrD/
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apmif;Si;f ywfom pnfig;jzm
om,mNidrahf nmif; oHcsKdaemif;
nGwaf ysmif;vGio
f D vjcrf;NrD/

- 50 -

- 51 -

20

&Gmausmif;
toD;w&m? tnSmwpfcak w;jcif;
&ifwiG ;f rSm[d
cHpm;od,ifh --- /
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igrtdycf if
jyifyavmu
a&mufvm;cuwfaw/
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q&m0efBuD;jzpfvYdk
rdUuvlwd
tylr[datmif
pGr;f aqmifEidk af &vwf/

- 52 -

]ta[mawmfom;}
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&uKd ifah tmifv?H Zmwdrmefudk

wdr,
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oD;vm;Ekid zf v
Ydk m;vkYd
bk&m;wrd? &ifv;D crda&axm/

rif;oEm?&ckdifjynf?

rsKd;*kPf zd;armuf? xD;eef;aqmufvYdk

xGe;f awmufurm? ausmfvAD sm,f/

k;d rom;aumif;? b0ajymif;vJ

&Sad [mif;rGED pS ?f &wemppfUdk
qef;opfBuD;us,f
crf;em;xnfw;Hk ? 0if<h um;wk;H /
tkd. --- cspfom;xGD; --eifum;roD? a'&DNrDrmS
wnftu
hH rmwkid v
f rd w
hf nf;/

wufxGef;eD?ajrmufOD;?

21

Zmwfysufcef;
qHawmf&Sifbk&m;zl;
oZifyef;ckid ?f
wrdif rdiaf u? eHUudix
f rHk ;DT --- /
vewfawmfau?
oZifoif;au? ESi;f tD;tD;eefY --- /
pk;d rJusDav?
awmifNcD&mG pyf? watmif&h yfysm,f
awmifaMumudkausmf
qHawmf&iS af v? oQifausmfb&k m;
zl;aZmifvm;ar? ompGav/
om,mtD;av? ompGav/

armifaumufpH

(1)
wnfusifeef'Y ;Hk Muuf- a&mpyf,u
S af u
ZmwfysufAEwjf zpfzaYdk ,/
(2)
AEwq
f adk u-aemufumvrSm
wnfusifr[kw-f 'k;H r[kwyf J
rsKd;ikwAf ZD -&Smr&eefY
b0yDjyifzo
Ydk v
d m;/
(3)
]wnfusifr}jzpfu
wnfusiforD;om;-rGD;jyvm;av
wnfusifrsKd;k;d wnfvrd ahf r/
(4)
]'k;H r}jzpfu
'k;H ppfo;D jrwf -rG;D jyuwfav
'k;H ZmwfrsKd;k;d &Snv
f rd ahf r/

(5)
tkd --- nDrcspf
rdppfzppf -rsKd;k;d ppfvsuf
cGJypfjcm;em;-udk,fhoD;om;ukd
rsKd;jcm;eefpY yf-oG;D aESmuwfau
AEwrf v
d aYdk c:zku
Yd m;/

omwifjr?rif;jym;?
- 55 -

- 56 -

- 57 -

22

ppfawGvDysHuGif;

vlrrm

olUukv
d u
dk yf cYdk a&
wm,mpvdrfhAsm,fav
edcY if;aMumifawmif aumif;uifywfusyg,ifh
ZmavmufMumzkaYd v;a,
yifv,f;dk r puLjzpfvm;zkyYd /

]v}u ck;d ,lxm;a&tvSeefY

urmukd zsm;a,mif;
yifv,fUdk uckev
f aYdk umif;wke;f
rkew
f idk ;f u ,leaD zmif;tjynfeh efY
Zukejf cpf,v
l m;cAsm,f/

tkd --- trif

a'om;aoQ vGr;f zko
Yd ufoufvjl zpfvm&a&
oG;D xJuawmtkyaf v; usuGcJ Asm,f
SOw
hf u
d aomufvrYdk ,pfEidk f
tefzwfw&d m tdrrf ufjzpfv,
D if/h
aemufqkH;ud;rQifaoQ
yef;uk;H jzpfEidk zf o
Ydk v
d m;/
MuifemEIwq
f uf
NyD;au yg;ukad zgufceJowfypfuwf
yGv
J ,faumifrmS rsuf&nfus&Jyga&
a'csifZh mwf0ifcef; r[kwaf 0/

oHa0*
vlqpdk mG --oD;rsKd;vkYd
tBudrBf udrf ]ig}ajymc/
vlocD g --ocFg&
]ig}w&m;us/
a,auavh --]igh}( )oDcg
NzDqnfr&
NrDjymvllus/

oZifajr-ckdifxGef;

aemufq;Hk rSmawmhcg
vDu
S m;&if;rSm
a'aumif ajymedeu
f spum; ]&yga&}
vm;ygvD ysHygvD/

armifckdifatmif

- 59 -

,if;ykid ef efY
&moDjrpfavh txyfxyfwu
dk pf m;
&T&D nfprd f tpkikd ;f pm;
em&Dysufwpfv;Hk xJ 0iftyd f
tv,fvwfwef;pm; todw&m;u
&ufjywf&ufjywf&u
S f --- &Sujf y&a&/
wpfcgu tHypfcsifa& rowDpmG eefY
oMum;uGyf rkom;ukrd sKdcs
,kwn
f phH mG u ykrd eD myg;yg;ESrd ;f
igh*w
k x
f uf *Gp;D vk/Yd
Za0Z0gjzpfpmG eefY
edpidk o
f ;Hk pum;ukd usKHUypf
wGv
d w
l idk ;f ukd yH;jyjzpfawcg
avmifay:pm&Guaf [mif;wpfcsKdU
0efaqmifrt
I xkyt
f yk;d kUd
cG;D NcD;tysufrmS ykv
H /Ydk

23

kd;r
(1)
awmifr[D;dk r
a&mifeED ;dI qG Ek;d xaomcg/
rk;d aomufxyef;
eDjcnfvef;vkYd vef;qef;0Dqm/

yGrJ NyD;cifrmS
ighu,
dk if g
&ufjywf&ufjywf av;pm;jy&
&ufjywf&ufjywf yH;jy&
&ufjywf&ufjywf atmfaigufypf&
&ufjywf&ufjywf ESpo
f rd &hf
,if;ykid ef efY
uGBJ uD;pkwjf ywf oGyo
f yG cf grl;zkYd
&ufjywf&ufjywf acgif;cgypfeed &f ,if/h

vlomarmif

- 61 -

&Dudipf rd phf rf;

jynf&cdik pf rd ;f vef; Nidr;f csrf;&ifciG /f
tyH;rsm;k;d om; k;d r
ESv;Hk om;Ek;d Mum; k;d r
rnSK;d Ekid af & k;d r
r[mk;d r arwmoQif/

trsKd;oDv
&uw
d w&m;? ESv;Hk NrDjyif/

(3)
eD0ef;ESyd pf uf
acgif;xdyw
f ufvYdk pdwyf sufyyl if/

&DNrDaumif;a& k;d r
tpkid t
f vmaumif;a& k;d r
atmufNcDcidk af & k;d r
r[mk;d r arwmoQif/

NrDom;uGJtuf
*a[qufzYdk rk;d pufysifqif/

(2)
tarSmifux
dk ;dk azmuf
a&mifjcnfzd;armuf wrk;d aomufawcg/
rsufEmS opfjruf
ESi;f pufaomufpYdk pdr;f vkpYd v
dk iG /f

- 62 -

avmunSi;f qJ
aomuqif;&J tcuftcJridjiif/
obm0jrifjh rwf k;d r
xm0&cGiv
hf w
T f k;d r
ZmeD&ifciG f k;d r
r[mk;d r apwemoQif/

- 63 -

24

trSwfw&
rif;xD;bk&if
eef;oufuek cf g
vufnKd ;uryg/
(4)
wedeu
Yf ek q
f ;Hk
eDv;Hk aysmufvk wdraf wmifqnf;psm/
&DvidI ;f ysKdUdk
urf;okv
Yd rS ;f wuf 0rf;yrf;wom/
tdrjf yefiu
S f Udk
awmifzef,u
S v
f Ydk b0wGut
f m;tif/
tarSmifazmufv?Ydk raysmuf;dk r
eDa&mifjy,fv?Ydk ruG,f ;dk r
urmwnfo&G?dG wnf[d ;dk r
r[mk;d r opmoQif/

rsKd;eefhykd;
(1)
taemufvrD mS
&Giyhf gvma&
a':vmwpf&u
G /f

t*Fv
k rd mvavh
pufeef&Y mnyf
jzwfcsifqjD zwf
nycf sifqn
D y v
f /D
eef;wkid u
f xk;H jzL
rkev
Yf ;Hk rSmpuLuyf
vufnKd ;ESUH xGuef ed af &/
tbmtbm
rif;BuD;eefo
Y rif
cifeed v
f aYdk wmford ,
hf if/h

(2)
a':vmwpf&u
G f
rufavmufawaxm
&rufaZmiif --]trsKd;oDv
ESpXf meukd
apmifx
h ykid yf idk f --&ckid w
f q
H yd f
zwfqyd af uxif/

aemif&Jckdif

pkid ;f j'm;?tOe?
- 64 -

- 65 -

- 66 -

25

Avmpm&Guf tpkwfwpf&Guf
(1)
tuRefiu
dk s
uRD;c&yg,ifh vjcrf;NrD
0efrusDrt
I wGuf
0efcsrawmif;yefyg&pDauh
cGiv
hf hJ
rvTwv
f yD gauhav/

(3)
*E0ifpx
H m;
&ifrmS cHpm;Asm
rpm;& iwfywfpD
roDo&Gd
Zm'kuw
w
Gd dG
Zmwdwcsuf
tysufrcH
qD;rjy,fyef;rdKS ;
rsKd;rSmyk;d rxk;d pD&
&ckid o
f r
&ckid o
f r
&ckid o
f r[dwv
f Ydk
x,a[myvku
d zf /d

ewfjrpfvIdif;jym
(a':vmppfNrDjyifrmS wku
d yf 0JG ifeed u
f wfaw
trsKd;aumif;orD;kUd twGuf *kPf yyga&)

- 67 -

(2)
vjcrf;NrDav
NrDucdk spfau
wDjzpfawqkpd um;
Mum;zl;awmifru em;vnf
tuRefav
uk,
d t
hf &dyaf oQ uk,
d Mf unhyf em
tm;wif;yemavQmufc
Muuf,uf,,ufyem 0rf;pm&Sm
empGmukd yZduu
dk f
rrku
d zf Ydk
uk,
d u
hf u
dk ,
dk f qk;H r
vlv;Hk rvSoad wmifrS
wDjzpf&pGmeefY rauseyf
aus;Zl;qyfcsifyg,ifah v/

(3)
tuRefav
l;d *kPaf cs wzJw
h peefY
roufrom&Gv
d m;,if;
tqif;r[dov
d rf;rSm
wcgwcg
igZmvm;edeaf v rde;f rd
rsufppd rHk w
dS f pOf;pm;
]om;}udjk yp&m
ZmNcD&mavhr[da& taumif
a,mifajcmufq,fyck;H rSm
temzD;aoQwpfcak vmuf
vufaxmufjyp&m
usefyg&ZDvm;-vjcrf;NrDav/

ukdpdrf

- 69 -

26

[kdufa0;vrf;

xif[yfaw0g jrif&a&0g

[ku
d af 0;vrf;rwd
rdUjyrsm;pGmjzwfoef;
,if;ykid f plygvrf;xufrmS
vsifjrefpmG NyD;vTm;edeaf &
armfawmf*g&Drsm;pGm
Ekid if w
H umrSm[da&vwf/
igkUd yg;u[ku
d af 0;vrf;
jymESr;f ESr;f tajymus,f
a'b*Fvm;yifv,frvSm;/
]vlya'om} wifyem
&Djyifvm;tjrefum;
wpfem&Dq,fridk t
f vm;EIe;f eefY
w*sKef;*sKef;ckwaf rmif;vk/Yd

&rf;aygufvD ;l
qGwcf ;l >cDcs
<uDus&Guu
f sif
uef&jD yifxuf
OD;wnfcsufr[d
vDzw
d ;dk &m
rsKd;(arsm)vkyYd g
a&mufrad &muf&m
&Guaf jcmuf&jD yif
xif[yfawykid /f

a,m --igkUd yg;u rk;d ysHvrf;

usnfqef&xm;wdvm;edeaf xm
apmifyh gvDz&d xm;vufrw
S f
&wwfauavh raocsm
&moDOwkom,maurS
rk;d ysHvrf;rSmtcefo
Y m;
usnfqef&xm;pD;vkyYd /

vlU&Gmvlidk ;f
vlUorkid ;f ukd
EIid ;f ,SOcf sufjy
0g-t&/

nDyk

- 70 -

- 71 -

- 72 -

27

,ifrkdif; ukd,fusifhw&m;

&mZ0ifopfusrf;
jyifyokyf
ysm;&nfow
k v
f Ydk
jykyv
f yk Zf mwfcif;
twGi;f jzpfpHk
ppfreS yf u
Hk dk
aMu;rkrH eS jf yif
xif[yfaw0g/
vkyZf mwfEiS jhf zpf&yf
aygif;pyft0if
jrif&a&0g/

ukv
d edk pD u
D mvdyaf omufyem
aumif;bGKd ifa'gufusmaqmif;vkYd
cEmapmif;vma&vlu&m
acwfuedk m;vnfuwfzYdk w&m;vma[m --- /

0D;eD&

oQiftkef;

- 73 -

- 74 -

usD;tmoD;rSnhf rsufv;Hk
tjra*smfa&mif awmifyH
rD;yGKid o
hf @mef ,ifr kid ;f
awmwkid ;f awmifwidk ;f
rdUwkid ;f &Gmwkid ;f
pdwx
f ifwidk ;f ysHoef;
rsufuef;tl;yrm
rpifxufrmS em;
pm;
yef;yGix
hf ufrmS em;
o'gbkwrf mS em;
xkrd mS em; a'rSmem;
xkcd sifph m; a'csifph m;
wGd&mpm;
jrif&mpm;
abmifurf;em;r[d
tm;emrIcsded YJ
uJ&h UJ rIc0H wfHk
ckrH ifpmG cHxm;
arwokwmefw&m;awmftm;
oa&mf eDoyl gum;/

ckid v
f ?l k;d r?

28

&ckdifom;av &ifvD;a&

EId;cvkdufygzd

&ckid [
f o
l nf? rsKd;oDvukd
apmifv
h yS idk yf idk ?f xde;f odr;f Ekid zf Ydk
rT;D udio
f wif; urmcGirf mS
*kPaf &mifvif;c ausmfaZmc,if/h
a'ed&ckid f rckid u
f sifyh suf
trsKd;zsufum oG;D a&mvmau
&ckid o
f m;av &ifv;D a&/
a'ed&ckid f Ekid &f mzdeif;
tcsif;csif;yif Muifemuif;jywf
nDnw
G rf 0I ;D tjrifq;DG au
&ckid o
f m;av &ifv;D a&/
a'ed&cdik f uk,
d yf idk pf ;D yGm;
0rf;cg;vkrH Q <u,f0vSau
rmewHceG f rk;d ,Hux
dk d
rsKd;vnf;rod qGrD od,m
ZmolyifoD igrxDAsm
wpfxyfpmukyd if wpfoufxifau
&ckid o
f m;av &ifv;D a&/

- 76 -

zk;d acgif;awmifwef;pGm
tdy&f mxcgp? tysKdoQifyidk f
rqifrysif vSeed v
f ,
D if/h
a'ed&ckid f ,dr;f ,kid pf ;D yGm;
usifah zmufjym;um ZmwDyx
k ;dk
trsKd;rsKd;ukd ku
d cf sKd;NrDveS f
rusefygau &ckid o
f m;av
&ifv;D a&/

upye'D\
a'goBuD;bd vIid ;f vk;H
cg;oD;pGmyH;eD? urf;ajrmifNrD/
"n'Gg&m
&rmarC? vSyrIwd
jrwfE;dk rIw?d jzm;&Djrifo
h pf
&mpkacwfrsm;eeft
Y ydi/f

a'ed&ckid f rsKd;pkid o
f ;DG tk
EkEek ,fe,f vli,ftrsm;
wwfxm;ynm [duwfygvnf;
vdrm ESUH pyf uk,
d o
hf rkid ;f ukd
roduwfjyef rsKd;rmefuif;0D;
rqkid &f mrSm tydiv
f yk af u
,pfxyk Bf uD;wd a'edcsdecf g
jzpfrsm;vmau &ckid o
f m;av
&ifv;D a&/

a,"rma[wk yb0g --- /

Ak'\
a'oem
r[mrkeyd &Hk yd f
aovm*D&ad wmifxyd u
f
xGe;f ya& tvif;a&mif
ESpaf ygif;axmifcsDcAsmav/

"nOD;
- 77 -

- 78 -

29

rm&,ktp
]orw&mZm}tqk;H
tm;vk;H aomrif;rsm; xm;ca&trGD
pmyD*w
D ? tEkock rk
,Ofaus;rI jy,k*w
f pd mG
rsufarSmufumv\? ykid o
f Qifr[dypn;f ykid /f
oQpfaomif; xkue f
qHawmfb&k m;? rmefig;yg;
rsm;vSa&trD?G &wem&TND rDrmS
vkH cHrI uif;0D;eDw;Hk /
]]eDrif;BuD;0ifvm;Asm,fumvkYd
vGr;f qGww
f o rsuf&nfuseDau
Mu,faoQwdeefyY gvG&J vdrahf r}qkad &
w*k;d \uAsm EI;d cvku
d yf gzd/

MuL;opf?rif;jym;?

usdef;&dyfNrDtykdif;tp
tOe, e'D
av;rdUjrpfr[DpmG
acwftqufquf ,dr;f u,if;yif
usde;f awmifwef;ukOd ;D wku
d f
a'rdU --- a'rdUukjd zpfpcD a&/
armfueG ;f wifjzpfca&
usde;f uRef;wkid ;f ukd
&mZ0ifidk ;f pDa&umvaemufrmS
]rif;jy --- rif;jym;}vkYd
a'rdUaoQ vlvm;ajrmufygvwfaw/

&ifuGJem
&TpD &TcD HG &TED HS &To
D ;D
jrD0;D &yfjcm; vm;vD,ifah v vm;vD,if/h
awmifNcD&if;rSm jymrD;iiGUD
wvif;oGaYD jcmufa&mufv,
D ifah va&mufv,
D if/h

armifckdifatmif

t*kawmhcg
&marmifoQifra'go
tOe, e'D &DygwfeefY
wjznf;jznf;yg;ygvwfaw
rdUtem;owfrsOf;ukdawmhcg
ig;pkid ;f acsmif;uRef;rSm&m
&SmMunhyf gzd --- /

aZmfxGD;
- 79 -

- 80 -

- 81 -

30

eD,rf;um;emifh vrf;cGJvkduf

oQifom&ckdifwefaqmifavm

atmf --- OMoysKd

aw;csKdcsKdemifh
EGu
D dk udeed pf mG vm;/

a&mcf*w
D armf'efuAsm
tmumorSmvrf;avQmuf/

axm --xkrd m --- a'rm

tk;d xuft&DwifAsm
tmajcmufajcmufopfyifw?d
pyg;jrif,uf 0rf;nifeed &f a&
aumufEaHS umufr wpf&yDG idk f
aMum&Dzw
G u
f sm; pyg;&dwo
f m;wpfpyk idk f
tlxu
J w** wkjk rnfyem
tmaygufupD;qif;zkYd oGi;f uket
f 0ifarQmfeed af ,Smif
vDt;D ? &Dt;D ukd wrf;w
&ifwrraESmifh arQmfeed &f pGm/
acR; b,fp;D ? nmpD;usedeaf &
awmMuD;awmifBuD;wd
axm --- rcHcsd
[dorQtm;emifh &GeYf
vdrv
f rd w
f eG w
Yf eG Yf ysifeed u
f wfpmG /

- 82 -

aus;vufu psD;ukv
d m
Adwjf yifrmS NcD&maysmuf
acR;waygufayguf/
tmwdwaf 'orSm
tkZd ek ;f vTm wpfaygufEpS af yguf
atEGpD mG av
udief ed af &]arwm}prf;acsmif;xJ
&Dw0 oJyem
]apwem}ukd eDyv
l eS ;f
]opm}ajcmufajcmufcrf;atmif vkyyf pfoad &/
aMom --- OMoysKd
]w,wm}rqk0d o
hH v
d m;/

armifcidk rf sKd;?&rf;NAJom;?
- 83 -

k;d rukt
d rT;D EIwf
0g;wkwcf sKd;ol &Dwpfcu
G ef efY
oufjyif;oHazsmuf/
uGeyf sLwmAkid ;f &yfy;dk
OD;aESmufom;ukdxkd;azmuf/
eDylusmusm
jyifv,facgifrmS 0g;carmufeefY
uRJEmG ;ukad iguf/

- 84 -

31

cg;oufaemifw

ydcsifol yd uGcJ sifou

l JG
vJcsifov
l J arSmufcsifoal rSmuf
aysmufcsifoal ysmuf oDcsifoo
l D
vjcrf;NrDu vlwpfa,muf/
AD',
D v
dk m; cgvm;
iSuzf sm; eefY udi;f cgudi;f
I;d 0kid ;f ukd 0ifcg0if
&ifrt
f wk aomufcgaomuf
aemufuek ;f rSm oG;D wpfpeYdk efY
eDvrYdk avmuf/

tD;pufeaD & eDrif;

acR;xGuef aD & vDiS ;f
vrif;yef;cif;
nnf;jcif;wdzUJG qkd
a0'emukad ygif;wif
oHpOfrahJ umif;uifa&
tnSuq
f ;dk a,mif ,Iyef ,
D if/h
umv,E&m;
ed&ufrsm;ukq
d pJG d
'gPfyed aD & jyu'ed f
tdycf sdepf m;csderf rSef
jrm;vSpH ;l 0if
tm;tifcsdev
YJ m,if/h
pum;rwwf uHw&m;
trSew
f &m;ukd rsufu,
G f y
zifcx
k idk ef q
D /J

aemifat;?taemuf?

vlwidk ;f BudKufaw ork',

tEko,psD;uGuf
ta&mif;oufeo
D rQ
ighb0tD;puf
acR;rxGupf mG Mumvc,m/

xl;a0vif;?tOevDnif;?
- 85 -

- 86 -

- 87 -

32

b0

igvus,f uRJausmif;om;omjcif;

tOcGaH zgufcJG aigufueJxu

G v
f m
rif; --- ig a'urmvlom;
trSeef eft
Y rSm; tjyefeeft
Y vm;
t&m&mukd tm;,lud;pm;
ud;pm;rS aomuausmfvmT ;/

ruvma,kid f idk f
Budro
f m;wkwu
f ?dk eaemif;ukid Af sm,f
u,kid u
f yg;? ESi;f rdif rdif
awmifusKdiMf um;rSm? uRJausmif;vm;a&
[l; a& a& [l;? [l;/

'kuu
dk oumvl;Asm,f
yef;zl;a&mufatmifud;pm;
rjzpfEidk af &w&m; rjzpfov
d ,
Ydk x
Hk m;
vIy,
f mS ;rI 'e
orifvnf;& awmuRrf;0Asm,f
anmif;orQ rdex
Yf m;/

tcsdeef m&DrmS blwmqkpd mG r&Sd

Muufuef;qeft;dk wGyd idk f yk;H ek;H vIy,
f mS ;/
aomuqkdpGm
'kur mS vnf;[d okcrSmvnf;xGd
tbd"rmw&m; y#doEm&pum;
rIid pf eG v
f Ydk aysmfo
f rl sm;
urf;axmif;eefY ydif tEkid &f a&;avmif;rsm;
tarSmifwcH g;ukad cguf 0ifaygufujyefp
vmvrf;u xGuf
azmhoaomh avmutjrifeefY
aemufq;Hk t0if yef;wkid u
f
r&P b0/

jrwfomxGef;
- 88 -

- 89 -

tpfurdk yg? nDryg

Budro
f m;'kwu
f ?dk eaeSmif;ukid Af sm,f
u,kid u
f yg;? ESi;f rdif rdif
awmifusKdiMf um;rSm? uRJausmif;vm;a&/
axGawmifa'awmif? acsmifajrmifwpfvmT ;
yk;d ypkid ;f oH? nHomG ;oGm;
awmoHvo
D ?H rqlnH
ESi;f oHajzmufajzmuf? yaygufazgufoYdk
Mum;&a&av? Mum;&a&/
aMumifawmifaN*mif? eufajymifcavmif;
(aMumifawmifaj*mifeuf?
aj*mifcavmif;? aN*mifcavmif;)
awmb,HrmS ? omNidrafh nmif;Asm,f
Mum;&a&av? Mum;&a&/

33

uRJcavmufau? oGi-f oGif

awmiftifwidk ;f ok?Yd uRJausmif;0if/
uRJoQifvnf;vk-Yd cHvYdk
&Dudif udKif-urf;tkid ef m;rSm
"g;oG;D zkaYd v? "g;oG;D zk/Yd
tkid u
f rf;wcGi?f uRJwjrifu
ausmufjyifq;D um? "g;oG;D ygau
tkid rf mS wcsKdU? pdru
f wfaw-pdru
f wfaw/
wcsKdUuRJu? awmif,mawmrSm
pyg;ck;d vk?Yd pm;uwfaw/
uRJupdk v
Hk if? Munhrf jrifvYdk
ckyH ifavmifyif? &Smyga&-&Smyga&/
awmif,molBuD;? aAgif;xD;xD;emifh
tzD;awmufw?hJ xGuv
f q
Ydk aJ &/
igvnf;vcsKdi?f rcHeidk v
f Ydk
"g;uku
d idk Af sm,f? jyefqaJ &av-jyefqaJ &/

&GufEkjyefcsdef
iGED iS ;f aysmufpmG
MumAsm,fumeSef;/
EG&D moD
vDyMDG urf;
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opf&u
G <f uDpmG qef;vm/
"g;ukjd rifum? awmif,molBuD;
i,kwBf uD;u? csD;oG;D xGuaf ,mif
NAD;yga&av? NAD;yga&/
igvnf;"g;emif?h vku
d yf ga&av/
oluwpfcg? wkwu
f q
dk v
JG -Ydk jyefvu
dk v
f mau
igvnf;"g;emifNh AD;yga&/
tdrrf mS a&mufau? igvus,fav-igvus,f/

aemif&Jckdif

ewfjrpf-pef;atmif
(&rf;jynfu
h Ref;?Zifacsmif;uke;f aAGq&mawmfxrH )S

- 91 -

- 92 -

- 93 -

34

usref;jyifrSm

tkPfOD;rSm wpfausmhjyef

vIid ;f vDek ;f <u

tarSmifnrSm
tvif;qkpd mG ZmrSe;f rod
vrf;rwG?d urf;r[d EGr;f &d/

obm0\pGr;f tm;&Si?f ociferD if;a&

wpfeed w
Yf m wm0efusDvYdk owavmuBuD;u
tem;,lzx
Ydk u
G cf mG csderf mS tm;rmeftjynfeh efY
vufusefa&mufjcnfprG ;f &nftm;vk;H ukd
zspfnpS x
f w
k yf em &J&aJ wmifowZd u
JG &dk if;
tvif;tm;wdux
dk w
k jf y EIwq
f ufca&av/

rmeukad rmif;wif
cH,cl sufu"dk gwfuif
Zmwfpifyd 0ifxed ;f
]qkv
d u
l w
dk uf} tpdr;f vku
d rf sKdcs
twkdtpusKH;Asm,f
wpfb0vk;H &if;
awmifw
h jcif;eefY apmifph nf;jcif;
usifuiG ;f yemtm;prf;
a']usref;}jyifrmS
&mpkwpfyidk ;f wtdtd ydqif;
wpf0]wif;}vk;H usifca&
r&Pedrw
d f
{&myk&H yd q
f ifyem
aiGrQifaiGwef;? aiG&nfqrf;vkYd
rsufuef;qHjzL
&ufcsde;f ,lAsm,faxm/

- 94 -

tarSmifnrSm tem;,ltyd pf uf
tm;tifjznfph u
G v
f Ydk &Sq
d ufzw
Ydk m0ef
eufjzefcgtwGuf --- /

tvif;tarSmifrnDrQ
aumufaMumif;ryDo
teD;t0D;ykrH us
j*if;uyfb0ukd qD;om;wif
wif,if; --- ? wif;,if;
p,if; --- ? p,if; --- /

vIdif;?upy?
- 95 -

owavmuukd wpf&ufwmtvif;yD;zkYd
ewfoMd um;rif;eefY pMum0aw;kUd \
&mZoHcidk ;f apcsufrygyJ
rsKd;qufopftm;rmefujdk znhv
f Ydk wm0eftodudk
aqmifAsm,f
tmkPOf ;D rSm wpfausmhjyef0ifvmvwfaw/
ow0gtm;vk;H tarSmifuif;vkv
Yd if;ygar
tmkPfOD;opfukdarQmfuwfvD
avmuBuD;wpfcv
k ;Hk Nidr;f csrf;pD/

ckid af usmfoef;?pku
d yf sKd;a&;?

35

vlBuD;vGefa&

wm0efusD
ukd,fhom;ukd,fhoGD;
eD;&m0D;yg;
rG;D zGm;BuD;jyif;
tcsif;csif;wd/
pum;vDoH
uGpJ mG rSev
f nf;
trSepf w
d x
f m;
wpfo;DG om;wnf;/
vlrsKd;razsmuf
rderYf aysmufzYdk
wpfa,mufu,
dk pf D
wm0efusDatmif
a&mufeaD &&yf
pGr;f aqmifuwfrS
&ckid yf yD D
wm0efusD/

atmifjrwf?,kd;wkwf?

tbkaoQukd tolq?dk ZmjzpfviYdk dk

rif;uk&d ufjywf? qJqu
dk wf? jywfwwf-jywfwwf
&ufpufwwfaw? olUdk rm
r[kwpf mG eef?Y qJeyD sm/
pm&T;D cg? rifqpD eG ;f
vufeefrY sufEmS ayvkeYd ef;/
tddk --- xGD -- xG?D wpdav;roED
rSiq
f pD eG ;f vkYd armifnpfay
ac:uwfwrf;qkad u
rSiq
f pD eG ;f ay? vlrsufcu
G f
npfawaya&? qkyd gwpfcsuf/
tqufrjywf? jypfqu
dk wf
tao;t>rSm;awmifrvGwf
tjypf&mS uwf? tm;vk;H rm? Zmavhr[kwpf mG
pkwNf yJvma&? upyfvYdk
t0wfaoQ? wdaygufz/Ydk
a,eefv
Y Ydk armifizGm;? rif;ukad c:pGmvm;/

tkd -- xGD -- xG?D wpdavhroED

aygufNyJe?D rk;d wdrMf um;?0ifv
h 0Ydk ifv
h <Ydk um;/
om;om;em;em;? yH;&,fvm? EGDOD;rkd;aomuf [efcsDvm
,if;csdecf g? Zmac:zk?Yd pOf;pm;yg toQifUdk /
olUdk csifpmG ajymygvD? *krpku
d b
f eJ D
wifywfp?D qk;d pm&if;? tykaoQrQKdi;f eDrif;/
csKdjcif;ykid pf &m? rif;udupf mG
vlwidk ;f todyg/
iwfBuD;us&m jzpfawvkYd
qkv
d yD wfpo
D l Udk /
tkd -- xGD -- xGD -- ? wpdavhroED
bkaoQnDn?D igkUd cspf
igkUd Zmtjypf/

uavmifeD?ajrmufOD;?
(w*kd;\

- 97 -

- 98 -

DEFAMATION ukd

qDavsmfatmif jyefqkdyga&)

36

tm;usjcif;
tvrg,fu
tpG,cf sKd;EIwf tqdwx
f w
k yf em
ycyfxJ wnfx
h m;auavh
yg;ysOfwaxmifaxmifeefY
[efaqmifyefaqmif
rmefa,mifjyeDa& >rDa[muf/
owfpm;zkYd rG;D pyfxm;pGmb0rSm
tmumukdysHwufzkdY
tok;H rusa& tawmifEpS b
f ufudk
wbk;H bk;H cwfysm
rmeacs wcGo
J m;eefY
0if<h um;wGeu
f sL;eDa& Muufz/

pdwf"gwf

yifv,fem;u NrdKY

igum;a'NrD
olum;xk&d yf
rif;um;xkd rdU
igum;a'&Gm
rckid pf w
d "f gwf
uGjJ ym;*wfau
&ua'NrD
av;0wDonf
,dr;f ,kid q
f ;dk &Gm;
ysufydvm;zk/Yd

vGr;f zk&Yd m jzpfvaD &

taoQcg &Dryfz;l a&
bDv;l racsmif;aoQ aumvDAs,f
a'acsmif; a'jrpfeefaY 'rdU
t,ifyidk f vSo,
d ifv
h m;
wdrzf sm;rSm xkid v
f MYdk unhcf sifa&/

xGe;f pk;d cdik ?f ykPm;uRe;f ?

vlwu
d wtHw
h MoeefY
ai;armMunhf I cH&a&
zl*sD,mrm rD;Nidr;f awmif/

rdUuawmhcg
&Jausmfojl y'fzsm;xuf
pavmif;wm0gjrifph mG ukd
tmumvD pm;ede,
f ifh
b,frsufv;Hk u bJig;&mawmifxyd rf mS
nmrsufv;Hk u yifv,fuMdk umypfeed ,
f if/h

a,auavhajrmifxu
J &>rDacsyifjzpfjzpf
awmxJu aysmifacsyifjzpfjzpf
awmifaygufp e*g;yGut
f idk af csyifjzpfjzpf/

ppfawG apmaemif

- 101 -

- 102 -

37

armifawmurf;a,mif
,if;yifv,frmS a,
a':vmykpeG w
f d t>ywf>ywfo;D ede,
f if/h
a&'geef[
Y w
dk ,fwd 'ke;f uedeu
f wf,ifh
ig;azgufo,f&mG aoQwdudk
vifaysmufr ikjd cif;pDatmif
qifacgif;vDuv
dk m;yifph mG
a'yifv,fy/
tef'gqif; &Dorl aoQwd
wefc;l vrSm &Dcjl zpfvm;pGm
atyifv,frmS y/
"n0wDacR;tjynfeh efY puformefudk
rEav;&rfeefjY rnf;ypfpmG oly/
orD;zsm;a& wedrmS
yefvifyifatmuf &yfNyD;au
a'yifv,fpmG
yku
d s,fvma&vm; yked ufvma&vm;
pOf;pm;ederf ad &/

ajrmufuadk [0ef? ewfa&uef

tvHpu
dk af qmuf? orkid ;f axmuf
ta&mufvm;au? taemufjynfav/
a0vmawmif? Budrw
f ef;awmif
0efawmif ovlawmif? ork;d awmif
r,lawmif0rS ;f ? awmifavQmufwef;
ajzmifo
h ef;oG,v
f sif;? tikq
H if;a&/
r,ltik?H vTmwGecYf Hk
qnfcaHk usmfvmT ;? yifv,fjcm;
b*Fvm;yifv,fatmf? Aa'gaMumf
,ufatmfjrL;wl;? vIid ;f ysHUysL;/
r,ltq
l ?Hk jrpf0ckH
wnfwahH omifxeG ;f ? eHUomuRef;
wcef;yifv,f? rD;jywnf
trnfwifq
h ef;? oif;yef;uRef;
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h ef? tke;f uRef;&H/

0J,EH v
YJG s? nDtpfr
oQifrk,
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h l
,uftak omif;aomif;? oHNidraf nmif;
wifah Mumif;omajc? oG,v
f sm;&Snf
yifv,fnmaomif? ajrSmifurf;a,mif
&ifabmifomarm? e,farmifawmav/

toQifpudE

armifckdifatmif
- 103 -

- 104 -

- 105 -

38

&ckdifv,form;
(1)
k;d tDredef
oDqedk ed u
f s
k;d &maw;wpfy'k u
f o
dk u
D sL;
a&mifeOD ;D eeft
Y wlE;dk x/
rk;d aqmif; EGD
&moD0wfHk
vTr;f AsmvfcH/
vufvyk v
f ufpm;
v,form;
b0iSuzf sm;
raMumuftm;vD
eDxu
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a'v,fjyifrm
yifv,fvu
D dk u
dI zf dk
k;d rukt
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okyrf yD
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acR;pufrsm;eefY uk,
d t
hf wKywu
d ,
dk &f ;D

uk,
d b
hf 0uk,
d zf efw;D
aomurD;yifv,frm
0rf;wpfxmG wGuf
arsmvma& 0D& &o wpfqyk w
f pfcpJ D
pm;Asmvfeed f
v,fawmu 'kw,
d tdr/f
(2)
NrDom;cGaJ zguf
NrDxaJ &mufvcD g
NrDupdk m;a& wDwpfaumifyidk f ig
NrDupdk m;vkYd wDjzpfaujzpfvu
dk f
<uD;a[mif; <uD;opf
w&pf&pfwxpfxpfvIyv
f eD pfvD
0kid ;f BuD;ywfvnf 0kid ;f ywfvnf
'la0a0/

vljzpftI;H ? vlneGT q
Yf ;Hk
]OD;BuD;}qkad & pum;wpfv;Hk
tiSm;,lyem ok;H rdpmG yif
tm;emrdygvD,if/h
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(3)
wvif;vJy?JG ykyv
f q
J ;DG Asmvfaxm/

tkid ;f ?ajrmufO;D ?
- 106 -

- 107 -

- 108 -

39

tyg;t0D;

cspfjcif;zGJYoD

NcDrESpaf csmif;
yl;Asm,faygif;
ud;aumif;aumif;eefY csKdiNf yD;Asm,f/
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rsufawmifz;Hk
rsufv;Hk pkv
H nf; ydwNf yD;Asm,f/
vm;a&;vSy
ukwcYdk
ighypxJ xnfNh yD;Asm,f/
ajymcsifyp
c[[
pD&atmifvnf; vkyNf yD;Asm,f/

aygufyiG rhf ;D vQHMum;u

0g;yvGo
D pH OfaoQwpfcyk idk yf
&ifxrJ mS tkid zf UJG
vDtoGUJ eefY EGUJ eDcvku
d af 0/
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k wGuf
tdyrf ufqpdk mG wpfcgwpfvrD mS
t&dy&f opfwpfyifyg rif;,k/H
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f u
J
rmewpfc&k iS o
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eDyiG ahf &t&yfrsufEmS

Mu,fvufaweD&ma'o
yef;oif;a& umvtykid ;f tjcm;
vm;,if; vm;,if;
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tepfwidk Mf unfvifpzD Ydk
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temuif;atmif omjcif;qkcd vku
d yf g/

igum;rMum;
rvm;tm;
rif;kUd oabm ykyYd ;D yg/

aemifat;
vlomarmif

- 110 -

- 111 -

40

arsmufajcmuf

yef;jrwfoZif yef;oZif
rdefhcGef;aoQ
yef;jrwfoZif yef;oZif
oZifay:p? ESi;f 0D0aD u
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ydi;f awmifausmfvrf;? carmif;yifrmS ? oZifyef;/
qGwcf q
D w
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r,fMuifarmifa0? wufvq
Ydk w
G af u? &ca&av&ca&/
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hf Zif? r,fah cgif;xufrmS ? vSvyYdk if/
wpf0ufuydk ef? wpfwefaESmifusKd;
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tjynfx
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h ;dk /
armifEiS Ehf rS ? oZifyef;uk-d t&if;wnf
armifr,fEpS 0f ? tcgwef oBuFev
f rSm ? aygif;&ygpD/
qHawmf&iS af v? apwD&if;rSm
qkawmif;vDav? qkawmif;vD/

&ckdifaZ,s

- 112 -

(1)
NrDBuD;eefo
Y ZifpmG
zk;d z&m k;d &mr[kwf
rsKd;vkyAf sm pyfauvJh
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(2)
yifjrifeh efo
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f mpGmMum;u
ckecf svm;cuwfaw
oZifaoQwd eD&mrm
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armifrkd;Zif

- 113 -

eDa&mifjcnfaMumufyaHk xmuf
rsufcrf;pyfa&m*gonfreS ;f odom/
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uk,
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0D&&ovm;
[mo&ovm;
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ckid v
f ?l k;d r?

41

ukd,fusKd;ryg trsm;aumif;usKd;&Sm
jyZmwf
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(olUukd)
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f m/
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f m/

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f pd mG
(olUukd)
rD;wku
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Munfvifa&ta&miftqif;eef?Y tvif;yD;a&/

rwwfEidk Af sm,f
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k v
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jrwfomxGef;
- 115 -

,if;ykid ef efY
csDa*GAg;&m;ukd OD;nGwf
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ikw
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rdrEd v
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f dk wa&mxk;d cAsm,f/
b0rSm
xm0&ul;edecf sifa& jrpf
orD;wd&,fojH zpfaw/

armifckdifatmif
- 116 -

42

jynfe,fedefY xrif;pm;yGJu wqifh

jynfe,feed rYf mS qku
H wfcgukd
0kid Af smpm;ar BuHNyD;au&m
eDa&t&yfu yGg;pGmwpfcpk ,
D cl a&/
aumufBuD;a*guf&? qefv;Hk vSudk
kid u
f usKH;yem? ausmufawmfuyif ,lvma&/
atig;oavmuf? a'ukad &mufatmif
ckacgufajryku
H ygvma&/
yJqpD pfppf? oHwjJG zpfudk
tvku
d x
f nfzh Ydk vkyNf yD;au/
&rf;NAJuyD;? rusnf;oD;eefY
a&myemcsufzYdk rysifcif/
ukid rf mS xnfx
h m;? peJqm;ukd
rrsm;pDauh? pauxnfv
h /Ydk
&JuRef;MuufoeG f
rT;D vkeYd aH tmif? tcGEH ;DS Asm xnfv
h u
dk zf /d

- 118 -

&,f'Drdwf
aygufawm*Pef;? tNrJwrf;OeefY
wbef;tjynf,
h cl a&/
tm;vk;H usufau pm;uwfarzd
vmav0kid ;f xkid f acgif;csif;qkid Af sm
&ckid pf m; w0pm;zda0;
rif;kUd igkUd ESpEf pS f rdUrdU
pm;vkaYd omufvYdk 0a&ykid f
jynfojl ynfom; 00um;um;
ckpm;a&ykid f pm;&zkeYd efY
rif;kUd igkUd ckuo
hJ &Ydk m
nDvn
Ydk mvkYd [da&ykid f
0wDav;&yf nDnw
G u
f wfzYdk
cspfuwfzu
Ydk dk
wpkwk;H ? qku
H wfwek ;f rSm
tm;vk;H "dXmefcsuwfar/

uHuadk MumufvYdk
oHwidk ef efaY wmiftrd rf aqmufjzpfau
aomEkwKd &fudk ckid ;f /
oHo&mrSm
tzefw&mcHzaYdk Mumufau
a0E&mukd tyf/
avmif;arQmfa&Zeu
vkHUvZmrSm
t[rf ; . . . t [rf ; eef Y
ajcmif;[yfejD yef
yD;vku
d u
f wf ypKyeu
f /dk

aemif&Jckdif

q&mausmf
- 119 -

- 120 -

43

tkd;BuJBuJeefY tbmvJ
ightyd rf uf
zsufr&tdyrf uf
bkx
H ufjrif,
h ef
eef;AdrmefaoQmif
>cD&o
H if;yif;
tqif;vSy
rde;f r/
0kid ;f cypk
tEk?tvSpum;
csKdysm; --rkom;pum;eefY
wtm;csD;`rSmufoH
Mum;jyef&yDwd
*Gr;f qDxd
wtdtd --vko
d nfq
h E
jynf0h
Opm --- /
&vm --- /
&mZmbk&if
igjzpfcsif
aysmf&iT f --- /

tJ --- t*a,mifyh ifjzpfvm

aysmfp&mtrsm;BuD;/
taysmfBuD;aysmfeed &f if; --vl&if;wpfa,mufu
eef;atmufuvlrsm;
0kid ;f xm;yg,m/
tm;r[d tifr[d
yuwdtk;d pkw/d
r[dErG ;f yg;vkYd
tpm;yD;ygqefy;D yg
wpmpmeefY
rdpm o&J
'g;qG?J 'kwq
f JG
tk;d BuJBuJeefY
tbmvJ/
zkzd &J igvefEY ;dk --- /
trk;d zm&m
cif;p&m zsmr[d
trSe[
f ad &a*gif;tk;H
opfom;wkH;/

- 122 -

'k;H 'k;H 'kid ;f 'kid ;f

ajrmufyidk ;f t&yfu
NyD;uwfvTm;uwfoH
qlqn
l n
H H
qefa&mif;ede,
f m --EIwo
f ;D pl
qHyifjcL
jiLplpum;
r,m;toH
jyefveS pf Of;pm;&if;
edecYf if;tdyrf uf/

oQiftkef;
- 123 -

44

&ckdifom;av &ifvD;a&
&ur@dKif? jynf&ckid rf m
t,ifcgav? 0gukpd u
dk yf sKd;
xnfrsKd;pkv
H if? &ue;f pif
&ckid o
f al v? ysKdjzL&ufaw
jynfwiG ;f jzpfUdk ? 0wfvrYdk ukef
jynfwiG ;f vkv
H ?D 0D;NrD&yfjcm;
a&mif;vkpYd m;au? 0rf;cg;vnf;vS
jynf"nmav? om,mcvnf;
*edeZYf mykid ?f EIid ;f vk,
Yd OS af u
&ckid o
f m;av &ifv;D a&/

olr\ NrDusif;xdyfrSm
&ifeifBh uDut
JG eHUqk;d ukd oif;jrSLIu
d zf Ydk
ezl;qHpukd zGzaG oQck;d erf;zkYd
ig---aemufq;Hk vku
d v
f mcyga&a0/
*ede&Yf ckid o
f m;? 0wfpm;topf
r0,fEidk af u? zG&J mjzpfvYdk
olrsm;pGeyYf pf? tnpfta[mif;
taumif;tqk;d ? rsKd;jym;pkn
H D
ukvm;rqm&D? abmif;zDwkwrf 0wf
rtyfr&m? t*Fvyd rf *g0ef
twGicf jH yifc?H rusefpw
k Ef w
I f
aygif;pkvyk af w? tqk;d xkyu
f ydk if
aus;Zl;wifv?Ydk ol,ifig,if
0wfvq
Ydk ifau? ajEz;Hk vnf;
bke;f uHerd v
hf ?Ydk owpd rG ;f &nf
rwnfysufErG ;f ? &ckid o
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&ckid o
f m;rSm? rawmufxeG ;f yJ
ESr;f edeu
f wf,m? jrif&ygau
&ckid o
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igjrwfE;dk a& tkid Af yD ef;EG,w

f d
rif;&ifbwfjym;csyfcsyfxuf wGm;wufeed u
f wfaw
ykd;avmufwdaysmfuwfzkdY
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pdwn
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em;vnfzYdk rjzpfEidk yf g/
ighorD;wdrmS rdcif
rif;rjzpfcvDEeS ;f
om;tdrrf &Sad & rde;f raumif;wpfa,muf
wm0efrphJ mG eefY opmBuD;cvD,if/h

"nOD;
- 124 -

- 125 -

- 126 -

45

twG,ftwm

usif0h wfwd ar;cGe;f wd&rdS mS

rif;eefiY g yH;jyEkid cf uwfaw
t*k---rif;twGuf
ighyef;jcif;wd vkt
d yfzo
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d m;
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d m;
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rif;odp&m vkt
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Ydk v
d m;/
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oHrcdI wfAsm,f
Zmwfvrf;rNyD;ygoda0
aemufq;Hk vufaqmif NrDpidk w
f pfcJ
rif;twGuNf rDusif;xJudk NrDpidk w
f pfcJ
a'csifah &
rif;ezl;qHpukd zGzaG oQterf;wpfcyk a0/
cspfjcif;arwm\ rm,mwpf&yfygAsm,fa,/

t&ufuq
dk dk
olUtvkdus
aomufeed &f au
,pfawnwkid ;f
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pdwf idk ;f k0Yd if
olxif&mvm;
olUr,m;ukd
wjym;zkyYd if
cifyrHk us t&ufrufaw-ukq
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Yf dk
wysKdysKdeefY
tdru
f rdk a&muf
aomufzaYdk zmf&m
wGv
d yD gau
iGyD goavmuf
tdrrf mS [dpmG ajymifatmifaomuf/

armifckdifatmif
- 127 -

- 128 -

wpfa,mufwvD
rdwaf qGaygif;oif;
aomufcsif;azmfvJ
owif;ryD;
xm;cNyD;au
vm;uwfawcg ukq
d ;dk ayrSm t,pf&m/
tcsdeMf umau
tdrrf mS r,m;
pdwu
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aMumifMh updw0f if
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qifjcifrwwf
rjywfwef;&m
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f m*k
ppkccJ
pdwrf mawG;vkYd
tonf;uyif
Muifemcspf&
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a'gorvkd
rmefid;rxm;
[efw
Y m;qkad r tukt
d &uf-jzwfygzd/

tcifxGef;?ppfawG?

46

vrf; 30 u
&ckdiforaoQwpfa,mufyg;okdh
(1)
ArmraoQwduawmif
tD;a,mifac:vD&atmif
Armpum;w<uyf<uyf
ESpv
f u[;D vfzed yfeefY
puyfa&mifp0Hk wf
eDqef;qvGe;f um;xufrmS edwidk ;f jrif
NrDjyifrmS NcDyifcszl;,ufvm;rod
pk;d jrwfeEmau w,rf;,rf;
[ef;csde;f zkcsde;f cqef;qef;
onf;NcD;tzrf;cH&a&vl ---ig
rD;a,mifyyl em/
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ZmedZm&ufcg
ig&ifziG v
hf &D zkaYd v;
wlvv
Ydk m; wefvv
Ydk m;
wef;xm;ucG;D ukd ausmufcsyvku
d af wykid f
jyefajymypfvwfaraMumufvYdk
yjym;arSmufe&D a&tcspfrsKd;/

- 130 -

(3)
bk&m;w&m;
ightoJMum;u &efuek rf if;orD;aoQ
r[m0dZmwef; usrf;jyKa&qk0d g
]ESpaf ygif; 200vlraI &;?
av;rdUjrpf0rS ;f }
olUusrf;ESmar/

nOfY
trdoyd af w nOfh
ig ttdyv
f aS uavh
rif;odyn
f Ofrh mS u
ig vefEY ;dk a&axm/

(4)
av;rdUjrpfaMumif;
tajymif;tjyef vku
d yf g&pD
&Durf; ,yfcwf
jcifowf xD;rk;d
trsKd;rsKd;aom olUudp0 pwt
d wGuf
oum,'d|dvGwf
(wpfcv
k jJ yefvrYdk &Awfp)D
vkyyf ;D cGi&hf au usD/

pkdif;j'm;(Iciff;om)

(5)
Munhv
f rYdk 0 cspfvrYdk 0
jrwfE;dk vkaYd v;r0a&? &efuek u
f
ightoufj*Kyfacs
ighpw
d Ef v
S ;Hk ukd ukid yf emvIyyf vku
d af w
tk-d --&wemtkyaf cs/

0D;eD&

- 132 -

47

tvkyf

Zmwfysuf

xif;rD;usdcJ
jymxJrmS &J&eJ D
yl&edS rf [d? tylcsderf od
tvif;ew?d wrGrd u
dG Rrf;
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aemufq;Hk --csKyfoOk ;f --aemifpOfe*d ;Hk /

rMum;0Hrh emom
Zmavcsifh
a't&G,f a'umvrSmrS
tvuFmwdysKdus rsuf&nf,jdk y
aemifwBuD;&vk&d
avmuukd&efid;xm;
pyg;&dwo
f m;ukvm; tiSm;rusa&ykid f
zkzH BHk uD;ypfv/Ydk

aumuf;dk rD;awmufavmif
eDa&mifyidk yf jl yif;
tvif;wef;ypu
wcsufwjy umv
atmufNcDukdxkd;jy
avmutoGif
Aef;ueJjrifvu
dk &f /

arQmfpifxyd rf mS cg
vSu
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h m;
tkZd ek ;f ukcd snf;tjypfcs
cg;rSm"g;rwpfvufnyS v
f /Ydk

trifvyd u
f rm tbmr,m;&Sm
r,m;r& bDv;l reefx
Y ufyufus
xk0d g' a'0g'
tol&;DG cs,fcpGmav
tolbif;usDuspGmav --- ajz
xkx
d ;dk a'xk;d
vufnKdS ;BuD;wpfawmifavmufeefY
uk,
d v
hf nfajcmif;oG;D uk,
d af zgufaomuf
uk,
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d trnfemr/
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pifjrifx
h ufuol&aJ umif;
(Munhv
f aYdk umif;eDwek ;f od)
ukwaf csmif;ukwaf csmif; aemufaz;0if
jrufcw
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D AD sm,fvwf toQifUdk /
rsufvkH;wdukdtm;rem
em;wdut
dk m;rem
0dnmOfjrwfUdk ukt
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pmrsufEmS xufrmS oDwiG ;f &Sm
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rD;ESprf ;D jymjzpf
tESpo
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tvkyq
f pdk mG Zmcsifv
h /J

jrwfomxGef;
- 134 -

aemifat;

48

avmif;NydKifyGJ

cspfol

&ufaygif;oQpfaomif;avmufudk
vufcsKd;wpfcg r&GzD ;l
t*krS
ede&Yf ufu&dk DG
Mu,f<uDuadk umuf
avQmufvrS ;f czl;a&vrf;
wrf;weDuwfvm/

awmifwef;wdu
pdr;f jrvif;vuf oG,v
f jYdk rifv
h Ydk
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Ydk aJ ,
wederYf mS ighyxrqk;H iko
d w
H u
d dk
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NyD;au jyeford ;f xm;vD,if/h

pG,af wmf&u
G yf idk f
cspfuwfawcg
ydawmufyifatmufrmS
'kuu
o
dk ck vkx
Yd if
udE& aD rmifEyHS if
tbmac:&,if/h

olUkUd csifau
,dr;f vku
d af v ,dr;f vku
d af rmifUdk vwf
t*kZmbufudk ,dr;f &zkv
Yd J
tcifaoQ
cdix
hf u
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a'goxGuf
rmewufvYdk
tk;d rnf;okwzf rYdk vkd
tvkv
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D if; cGyef u
D wfAsm,fum/
urf;axmifeh efY ydiaf &yGrJ mS
wpfa,mufvnf;aemifw&
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a,0ga,Zmwford ;f zkyYd /JG

awmtkyfwdu
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Ydk aJ ,
wederYf mS trd,idk ;f om;jcif;ukjd yefMum;&a&
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awmif;wkid ;f jyefy;D a&
NyD;au jyeford ;f xm;vD,if/h

aemif&Jckdif
- 136 -

- 137 -

- 138 -

49

tcgvGefydawmuf
yifv,fvidI ;f wdu
jzLvGjymkUd armfvjYdk rwfvYdk
Zmolxifzv
Ydk aJ ,
wederYf mS tzrSmwrf;ukd jyefMum;&a&
*kqadk u
tz&ifxu
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awmif;wkid ;f jyefy;D a&
NyD;au jyeford ;f xm;vD,if/h
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d v
l mAsm,f
vIid ;f wdeefY aw;jcif;oHydiq
f u
dk wfaw
,if;*Dw oif;jra& vDudk
igkUd bk;d bD;ZlZm ,SLcuwf
igkUd ,SLuwf
igkUd rsKd;qufw,
d LS uwfaw/
vufrmS qkyx
f m;a&
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d if;vm;a&
vufz0g;ukjd zefv
Y u
dk af wcg
uyfusefeed af &oJyiG ahf oQwd
,if;txJrmS igkUd [deed ,
f if/h

ysm;&nfcg;wpfpuf
arQmfvifch suf"g;oGm;xuf uckef
&ufpufrt
I 0gwd wuf<utkzH UJG /
pdr;f rIid ;f awmtkyf EGUJ eDEUJG aESmif;
ighou
d m w&mwdy<hJ uD
(rif;twGu)f ajrqDjzpfvm;cAsm,f/
vIid ;f tdxufu
pkid ;f '&m;iSuaf oQ\ajE rsKd;eefY
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{u&Db&k ifr rif;ygAsm,fa0/
zwfzwfrsKd;
nurk;d &Gma&
igh&ifzwf tydik ;f tusKd;wd
zd;ajzmuf<uyfqwf/

ZmrSmav vufonf;cRefwd
ZmrSmav qGv
J o
JG v
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ZmrSmav ]rdUr}wd
tpGw&f nfzuf
ajcmufajcmufoNdG rDtjyifrmS &yf
cEmjywf yGuyf u
G q
f al &/
jymtvl;vl;ukrd w
I f
Iwu
f eJ igck;d erf;rd,if/h

aemifat;

armifckdifatmif
- 140 -

- 141 -

50

yef;tkd;

em&Dysuf

ta&mif;xkid ;f yef;tk;d xJu

EGr;f cG
D KSd ;vQ yef;nGeaYf oQa&
olygAsm,fa,/
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h sKdiaf oQrSm
rk;d pGwaf w aMumifaoQykid f
xkid ef ed yf g,if/h

tmumvDjyif
0D[ifxufrmS
rSew
f idk ;f qefAsm,f
awmifyw
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cdix
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f if/h

ckpH w
k af oQwpfv;Hk
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f ;Hk q,fu
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trGv
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ra&&m rajzoma'gifah oQrSm
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csKdjrjracgif;avmif;oH
tqifvv
S S vG,t
f w
d f
tdrrf ufxrJ mS yif
[dygod,ifv
h m;a0 bkaoQ/

rif;a& &ifjyifawmf tdrv

f n
S ;f yg
rif;a& &ifjyifawmf&cD srf;tk;d yg
rif;a&
rk;d xwpfcrk mS rif;&Gwzf Ydk
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ighEv
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J
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armifckdifatmif
(&ckid b
f &k m;wdu
yef;onftbkaoQwdo)Ydk

oDwmckEpS w
f ef
vIid ;f &DxefvYdk
jzm;qefavhwpfcgrul;zl;?
ig;qk0d g
avSmifuefxaJ rQmf
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f if/h
yD;au]y'kra ygifw}dk ykid f ,l
auR;au ]ZlZum}ykid f pm;
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tiSm;NcDxm;Asm,f
aumif;aumif;yifavhaysmfa&um/

aemif&Jcdkif
- 142 -

- 143 -

51

OD;&mZfoQifukd
ZDwifzl;zkdYvmyguwf

vDylcg;
tD'q
D ifZh u
JG ?dk wpfcsufacscsD;
ausmufcJwdukd
pyfwrf;emifq
h BD udwf
ightw
d x
f u
J
,kMH unfrI [dprk phJ w
k u
d dk
avsmfvkduf&/
a'vlurdk S
iGaD &mifpuLyg;ukd
oHrPd"g;vkyf
yOvufpum;vk;H azmazmBuD;emifh
vm- Kd Uzrf;
t[rf; ---aus;Zl;ygrdwaf qG
igu --- wpfcgoDz;l NyD;om;yg/

(1)
&uy&l ?D jrwfXmeDrmS
ZmwDyx
k ;dk ? trsKd;rsKd;au
jynfNh zdK;pkn
H ?D [deyD gjim;
trsm;vloQif? OD;xdyw
f ifau
jrwfoQifO;D &mZf? "gwftppfudk
o'g,kzd w
d ?f tusKd;vkad u
jrwfawpdwef ef?Y awmifxyd cf smrSm
r[mrif;aumif;? zavmif;&mZm
wnfcygau? jrifomav;&yf
vGex
f ifay:um? oyg,fvwfvYdk
kn
d w
G Of ;D wif? roDcifudk
t,ifvmvk?Yd zl;yguwf/

ckid v
f ?l k;d r?

- 145 -

- 146 -

(2)
awmifxyd cf smu? Munfyh gcDwidk ;f
rIid ;f jym0Dau? vDvnf;jzL;jzL;
vIid ;f jzLjrL;vk?Yd MunfE;l p&m
yifv,fjymav? pdr;f jymk&Yd pf
acsmif;jrpfo,
G af u? BuD;i,favmif;vSD
pkcH sDqefwuf? iSu[
f if;ombJ
pkid ;f '&m;cGgoH? nHrpJau
ysH0aJ MumfaMumf? zkrd ac:um
emom,ifah v? emom,ih/f
(3)
awmifxyd cf smu? Munfyh gcDwidk ;f
rIid ;f rIid ;f d
Yk ?Ydk rkrYd aYdk wmawmif
jyifv,fa*gifrmS ? rI&H jD ymau
aysmfb,
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f jzm? vGr;f &mwpfrsKd;
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om,m,ifah v? om,m,if/h

- 147 -

52

rsKd;wifhpDcsif
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- 148 -

- 149 -

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53

twrme aysmufqkH;jcif;
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armifeef;vS?ajrmufOD;?

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ppfawGapmaemif

- 153 -

54

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rcHcsifpw
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- 156 -

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armifckdifatmif

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- 158 -

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aemif&Jckdif
- 159 -

56

vufaqmifyD;olokdY

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oQiftkef;
- 160 -

- 161 -

nOfo
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- 162 -

57

pdwful;tdyfruf w&D;Ekd;
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- 164 -

uk,
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- 166 -

- 167 -

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xm0&tvSykdifoQif
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- 170 -

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ppfawGapmaemif
- 179 -

- 180 -

63

avsmhwGuf

tdyfcsftkdifAGD

oli,fcsif;
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acgif;aygif;p wum;um;
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Zmcsifh ......
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- 183 -

64

tkd

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- 184 -

- 185 -

tvif;ocif
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- 189 -

66

rsufESmrsm;a& vl

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aemif&Jckdif
- 191 -

- 192 -

67

aqmif;ntdyfruf&Snf
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ausmfpkd;vl
- 193 -

- 194 -

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- 195 -

68

(2)
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ppfawGapmaemif
- 197 -

- 198 -

69

ausmkd;rJh ow0g

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eDkdif;eD?awmif&if;uRef;?
- 199 -

- 200 -

- 201 -

70

uefawmhyef;
tuRefb
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av;0wDckdifausmf
- 202 -

- 203 -

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- 204 -

71

NcD&mwdeefY BuD;jyif;jcif;

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av;0wDckdifausmf
(q&mBuD;armifpaH zmfaumif;&mok*wdvm;ygpD )

- 205 -

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