Professional Documents
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LP MMT03
&
LI CA TC GI
Xin knh cho cc bn! Ti khng phi l mt ngi chuyn nghip trong lnh vc thit k web. Ti cng khng phi l mt gio vin dy cng ngh thng tin. y l u tin trong i ti t vit c mt cun sch v chia s n cho cng ng. Ti rt vui v iu ny, v ti tin chc nhng bn IT no cng c cm gic nh ti. Chuyn THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA ny l nhng ngy m mit mi nghin cu ca ti. Ti rt vinh hnh chia s kin thc ca mnh cho cc bn. c bit l nhng bn mi lm quen vi Joomla, cc bn khng phi mt c vi c khi ti liu ri rc, va ting Anh, va ting Vit trn mng nh hin nay. Vi tt c nhng g c th ti bin son thnh cng ti liu thit k web vi Joomla ny bao gm nhng ni dung c bn nht gip cc bn t to, v qun tr mt website n gin bng Joomla. Bn s bt u vi vic tm hiu v nhng nguyn l hot ng ca internet v website. Tip bn cng ti khm ph cch ci t mt website m ngun Joomla nh th no. T kin thc nn tng c c trong vic s dng nhng thnh phn m rng ca c sn trong Joomla, bn s tc tm nhng thnh phn m rng nng cao thit k mt trang web chuyn nghip hn, nh trang web tin tc, web chia s file, web thng mi in t, din n...Cng vic cui cng m bn s c tm hiu l vic bo mt cho website, v ti u ha website s dng Joomla. Hu ht cc bi thc hnh u lm trn localhost, nh vy nu bn c nhu cu chia s website cho mi ngi th lm sao. Chng cui cng ca cun sch ny s hng dn cch up website ln internet. Mc d c gn ht sc, nhng cng cn nhiu phn m ti cha kp chia s vi cc bn. Kin thc th qu l bao la, ti cng chia kp khm ph ra ht. V vy nu c phn nao thiu xt mong cc bn gp tng tnh. Ti l ngi rt ngay thng, ngh sao ni vy, ni sao vit vy. chnh l khuyt im ln nht ca ti sai li chnh ta. V vy nu bn c gp nhng t no trong cun sch ny vit sai li chnh t th mong bn b qua li cho ti. Li cui cng, mong cc bn hc tht tt. Khi c xong cun sch v to c mt website th ng qun chia s n cho ti. Gi v a ch email bn di! Trn trng cm n ! Nguyn Tn Thnh Blog: http://dctlive.22web.net http://dctuit.wordpress.com Email: Tanthanh.tayninh@gmail.com
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
MC LC
LI CA TC GI................................................................................................................................................... 2 M C L C ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 CHNG 1: CC VN TRC KHI S DNG JOOMLA ....................................................................... 7 BI 1: INTERNET .................................................................................................................................................... 7 I: GIAO THC (PROTOCOL) ........................................................................................................................... 7 II: PHN LOI WEB ......................................................................................................................................... 8 BI 2: DOMAIN AND HOSTING ........................................................................................................................... 9 I: DOMAIN ......................................................................................................................................................... 9 II: HOSTING .................................................................................................................................................... 10 BI 3: NGN NG LP TRNH V C S D LIU .................................................................................... 11 I: NGN NG LP TRNH ............................................................................................................................. 11 II: C S D LIU (DATABASES) ................................................................................................................ 12 BI 4: CI T WEB SERVER XAMPP............................................................................................................ 12 I: GII THIU ................................................................................................................................................. 12 II: CI T ...................................................................................................................................................... 12 III: CU HNH ................................................................................................................................................. 16 BI 5: QUN TR C S D LIU BNG PHPMYADMIN .......................................................................... 18 I: GII THIU ................................................................................................................................................. 18 II: THAY I MT KHU TRUY CP D LIU .......................................................................................... 18 III: QUN TR C S D LIU ..................................................................................................................... 19 BI 6: QUN TR CSDL BNG NAVICAT ........................................................................................................ 24 I: GII THIU ................................................................................................................................................. 24 II: QUN TR CSDL VI NAVICAT ................................................................................................................ 24 BI 7: LP TRNH PHP ........................................................................................................................................ 27 CHNG 2: CI T V CU HNH JOOMLA ............................................................................................. 48
BI 1: GII THIU JOOMLA ............................................................................................................................. 48 I: V JOOMLA ................................................................................................................................................. 48 II: CC THNH PHN M RNG CA JOOMLA ....................................................................................... 49 III : CC THUT NG .................................................................................................................................... 50 BI 2: CI T JOOMLA .................................................................................................................................... 52 BI 3 : GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC CA ADMIN ........................................................................... 57 I: GIAO DIN LM VIC................................................................................................................................ 57 II: H THNG MENU ..................................................................................................................................... 59 BI 4: CU HNH C BN CHO WEBSITE ..................................................................................................... 61 CHNG 3: QUN L BI VIT TRONG JOOMLA ..................................................................................... 63 BI 1: QUN L SECTION .................................................................................................................................. 63 I: GII THIU ................................................................................................................................................. 63
II: TO MI SECTION .................................................................................................................................... 63 III : QUN L SECTION ................................................................................................................................. 64 BI 2 : QUN L CATEGORY ............................................................................................................................ 65 I : GII THIU ................................................................................................................................................ 65 II : TO MI CATEGORY ............................................................................................................................... 65 III : QUN L CATEGORY ............................................................................................................................. 66 BI 3 : QUN L BI VIT ................................................................................................................................. 67 I : THM MI BI VIT ................................................................................................................................. 67 II : QUN L BI VIT ................................................................................................................................... 68 III : CU HNH CC THNG S CHO BI VIT ......................................................................................... 68 IV: TO BI VIT NNG CAO ....................................................................................................................... 70 BI 4: QUN L A PHNG TIN ................................................................................................................. 73 HNG DN QUN L A PHNG TIN ................................................................................................ 73 QUY NH TH MC LU TR................................................................................................................... 74 BI 5: QUN L USER ......................................................................................................................................... 74 QUN L USER V TO MI USER ............................................................................................................. 74 PHN QUYN TRONG JOOMLA ................................................................................................................... 75 CHNG 4: LM VIC C BN VI CC THNH PHN M RNG ..................................................... 78 BI 1: CI T CC THNH PHN M RNG ............................................................................................ 78 CCH CI T EXTENSIONS ....................................................................................................................... 78 BI 2: TEMPLATE ................................................................................................................................................. 80 HNG DN CI T TEMPLATE .............................................................................................................. 80 CU TRC GI CI T CA TEMPLATE ................................................................................................. 82 TP HP CC TRANG CUNG CP TEMPLATE FREE ................................................................................ 82 BI 3: MODULE ..................................................................................................................................................... 83 TO MI MT MODULE ............................................................................................................................... 84 BI 4: PLUGIN........................................................................................................................................................ 85 PHN LOI PLUGIN ...................................................................................................................................... 85 BI 5: KHAI THC COMPONENT ..................................................................................................................... 86 I : Banner ......................................................................................................................................................... 86 II: Contacts ....................................................................................................................................................... 88 II: News Feed ................................................................................................................................................... 88 IV: Polls............................................................................................................................................................ 89 V: Search .......................................................................................................................................................... 90 VI: Web Links ................................................................................................................................................... 90 BI 6: TO V QUN L MENU ....................................................................................................................... 91 To Menu.......................................................................................................................................................... 91 MENU c Bit................................................................................................................................................ 92 To DropDown Menu ....................................................................................................................................... 93 BI 7: KHAI THC MODULE C SN TRONG JOOMLA ........................................................................... 94 I: Latest News (Tin mi nht), Popular (Tin c nhiu nht) .......................................................................... 94 II: Whos Online ............................................................................................................................................... 94 III: News Flash ................................................................................................................................................. 95
IV: Customs HTML .......................................................................................................................................... 95 CHNG 5: TING VIT TRONG JOOMLA .................................................................................................. 96 BI 1: VIT HA JOOMLA ................................................................................................................................. 96 I: HNG DN T VIT HA ...................................................................................................................... 96 II: HNG DN VIT HA BNG GI NGN NG C SN.................................................................... 97 BI 2: CI B G TING VIT VO TRANG WEB ...................................................................................... 98 I: Ci t b g ting Vit AVIM th cng cho Joomla ................................................................................... 98 II:Ci t b g ting vit AVIM bng Module. ............................................................................................... 99 BI 3: LI HIN TH TING VIT .................................................................................................................. 100 CHNG 6: KHAI THC THNH PHN M RNG NNG CAO ............................................................ 101 BI 1: KHAI THC MODULE ........................................................................................................................... 101 I: VISITORS COUNTER ................................................................................................................................ 101 II: SLIDE SHOW ............................................................................................................................................ 101 III: JA TABS ................................................................................................................................................... 102 IV: MAXI MENU ............................................................................................................................................ 103 BI 2: TO V QUN L COMMENTS.......................................................................................................... 104 GII THIU V CI T ............................................................................................................................. 104 QUN L COMMENTS ................................................................................................................................. 105 CU HNH ..................................................................................................................................................... 105 BI 3 : TRNH SON THO JCE ...................................................................................................................... 107 PHN NHM S DNG .............................................................................................................................. 107 BI 4: TO WEB THNG MI IN T VI VIRTUE MARK .............................................................. 109 TNH NNG CA VIRTURE MARK ............................................................................................................. 109 HNG DN CI T ................................................................................................................................. 109 VIT HA VIRTURE MARK ......................................................................................................................... 110 S DNG CC MODULE ............................................................................................................................ 111 THEME CHO VIRTURE MARK .................................................................................................................... 112 BI 5: QUN L FILE VI DOCMAN ............................................................................................................. 113
I: CI T DOCMAN ................................................................................................................................... 113 II: CHIA S TI NGUYN............................................................................................................................. 113 III : PHN QUYN THEO NHM ................................................................................................................ 117 IV : THEME CHO DOCMAN ........................................................................................................................ 117 BI 6: TO DIN N N GIN VI KUNENA ........................................................................................ 119 I: CI T KUNENA..................................................................................................................................... 119 II: TO MI CC DANH MC TRONG FORUM........................................................................................ 119 III: NHNG CHC NNG KHC ................................................................................................................ 121 BI 7: TO WEB NHC VI MAIAN MUSIC ................................................................................................ 122 CI T ......................................................................................................................................................... 122 S DNG MAIANMUSIC ............................................................................................................................. 124 HIN TH CC BI HT MI NG .......................................................................................................... 130 VIT HA MAIAN MUSIC ............................................................................................................................ 131
BI 8: TO WEB NH PHOCA GALLERY .................................................................................................... 132 QUN L ALBUM ............................................................................................................................................ 132 HIN TH ALBUM............................................................................................................................................. 133 THEME CHO PHOCA GALLERY .................................................................................................................... 134 MODULE PHOCA GALLERY MENU ....................................................................................................................... 135 BI 9: TO MENU VI SWMENUFREE ......................................................................................................... 136 BI 10: PLUGIN CHN NHC VIDEO ......................................................................................................... 139 CHNG 7: NHNG VN NNG CAO KHI QUN TR WEB VI JOOMLA.................................. 141 BI 1: M BO AN TON CHO WEBSITE ................................................................................................. 141 I:BACKUP WEBSITE & DATABASE ............................................................................................................ 141 II: THAY I TIN T MC NH CHO DATABASE ................................................................................ 142 III: THAY I NG DN MC NH CHO TRANG QUN TR .......................................................... 144 BI 2: TI U HA WEBSITE ......................................................................................................................... 145 I: S DNG CACHING................................................................................................................................. 145 II: TI U HA DATABASE ........................................................................................................................ 146 III: TO NG DN THN THIN .......................................................................................................... 147 IV: MT S PHNG PHP TI U KHC ............................................................................................. 148 BI 3: XUT BN WEBSITE LN INTERNET .............................................................................................. 148 I: HNG DN NG K HOST FREE TI BYETHOST........................................................................... 148 II: QUN L FILE TRN HOST.................................................................................................................... 151 III: XUT BN WEBSITE LN INTERNET .................................................................................................. 153 IV: THNG S CN CH KHI TI WEBSITE LN INTERNET .............................................................. 156 LI CM N......................................................................................................................................................... 158 TI LIU THAM KHO ..................................................................................................................................... 158
L ni lu tr website, v tr li yu cu t pha web client. Mt s phn mm pha server ph bin nh Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS), Appache, Nestcape Enterprise Server (NES) URL (Uniform Resource Locator) L mt tn gi khc ca a ch web. URL bao gim tn giao thc (l HTTP hay FTP), k n du hai chm v hai du xuyt sc (://), v d a ch http://www.uit.edu.vn dn n website c a ch l www.uit.edu.vn bng giao thc HTTP. Khi truy cp chng ta c th b qua tin t http:// v trnh duyt mc nh thm thnh phn ny vo. Mt URL phi chnh xc n tng k t, v ch cn thm mt du chm l dn n mt trang web khc. 3: Giao thc FTP FTP(File Transfer Protocol) l giao thc dng truyn file gia cc my tnh. Trong phin lm vic, ngi dng s dng ti my tnh ca mnh v trao i file vi my tnh khc. Ngi dng cn phi ng nhp bng cch cung cp tn nh danh (username) v mt khu xc thc (password). C hai giao thc HTTP v FTP u dng truyn file. Nhng chng c mt c im khc nhau c bn l FTP bn khng th m trc tip file c. N cn bn a v my tnh trc khi m n ln. Trong khi vi HTTP bn c th m file trc tip c. 4: Mt s giao thc khc Thnh thong bn vn thy c vi website l https://gmail.com chng hn. Nh vy giao thc HTTPS l g? chnh l mt dng ca HTTP nhng c tng cng thm tnh nng bo mt, c th l n m ha tt c thng tin gi i trn ng truyn. Ch S y chnh l SSL. Bn cng thng truy cp mt file nhc dng mms://www.data.com/anhmaiyeuem.mp3 chng hn. Nh vy chng ta c mt giao thc mi cho vic truyn dn cc file nhc chnh l MMS. Giao thc cn dng cho vic truyn cc file video, hnh nh..ni chung l a phng tin.
Sau khi bm nt Submit biu mu, nu d liu c lu tr li cho phin lm vic sau ca ngi dng th l Web ng. Web ng c tng tc n mt c s d liu lu tr trn mng hin th thng tin cho ngi dng. Lu : Bn ng bao gi cho rng mt trang web c nhng tm hnh nhy ma l web ng. ch l mt tp tin nh ng m thi. Web ng l web c tng tc vi c s d liu, ng bao gi nh ngha web ng l web c from ng nhp. Mt trang web c from ng nhp cha chc l web ng, c th thng tin ng nhp ch lu trong mt bin no ca ngn ng lp trnh. Cng ng bao gi nh ngha web tnh l web lp trnh bng HTML, cn web ng l web lp trnh bng PHP hay JavaNhng trang web lp trnh bng PHP cha chc l web ng, nu n ch dng hin th thng tin.
2: Ti sao phi s dng domain name Khi lm vic vi my tnh, n s dng nhng con s. truy cp website n s tm n my tnh lu d liu web (cc file) bng a ch IP ca my tnh. Nhng i vi con ngi th vic nh nhng IP ny khng hay cho lm. V vy m ngi ta dng domain name nh x mt a ch dng text sang IP. Vic phn gii tn min thnh IP c thc hin thng qua dch v DNS (Domain Name Services).
II: HOSTING
1: Khi nim hosting Dch v Web host l hnh thc dch v host trn Internet, cung cp cho cc c nhn, t chc v ngi s dng nhng h thng trc tuyn (trn mng) lu tr thng tin, hnh nh, video, hoc bt k ni dung no khc c th truy cp qua Web. Web host l cc cng ty chuyn cung cp ch (dung lng) trn server ca h cho khch hng s dng, ng thi cung cp kt ni Internet, thng trong mt trung tm d liu. Cc Web host cn c th cung cp khng gian trung tm d liu v kt ni Internet n cc server khng thuc s hu ca h. 2: Phm vi dch v Phm vi ca cc dch v host rt rng. C bn nht l host trang Web v nhng tp tin nh, vi cc tp tin c upload ln server thng qua giao thc FTP hoc mt giao din Web. Cc tp tin thng c cung ng nguyn trng cho ng dng Web, hoc ch c x l rt t. Nhiu nh cung cp dch v Internet (ISP) cung cp dch v ny min ph cho khch hng ca h. Ngi dng cn c th s dng dch v Web host do nhiu nh cung cp dch v khc cung cp. Dch v Web host thng min ph, c km theo qung co hoc c gi r. Dch v Web host thng thng ch p ng nhu cu ca cc trang ch c nhn. Mt Web site phc tp i hi mt gi dch v ton din hn, cung cp kh nng h tr c s d liu v cc h nn pht trin ng dng (nh PHP, Java, ASP.NET). Nhng tnh nng ny cho php ngi dng vit hoc ci t script cho cc ng dng nh din n hay qun l ni dung. Cc Web site thng mi in t cn i hi m ha SSL. Nh cung cp dch v host c th cn cung cp mt bng iu khin giao din Web (Cpanel, Helm, Plesk, v d th) qun l Web server v ci t script cng nh cc dch v khc, chng hn e-mail. Gn y cc bng iu khin hoc giao din Web ny gy ra nhiu cuc tranh ci khi Web.com tuyn b cng ty ny c c quyn v cng ngh host vi 19 pht minh ca mnh. Hostopia, mt cng ty host s ln, gn y mua quyn s dng cng ngh ca Web.com vi gi 10% li tc host l. Web.com cng kin cng ty Godaddy v xm phm cc pht minh c quyn . Mt s nh cung cp dch v host tp trung vo mt phn mm hoc dch v nht nh (v d nh thng mi in t). Nhng phn mm hay dch v ny thng do cc cng ty ln hn s dng tn dng kin trc h tng mng ca cng ty cung cp dch v host. 3: Cc loi dch v host Sau y l nhng dch v gii hn trong phm vi ng dng Web: Dch v Web host min ph: Min ph, (i khi) chp nhn qung co, v cc k hn ch khi so snh vi dch v host c thu ph. Dch v Web host dng chung: Website ca bn c t chung server vi hng trm Web site khc. Dch v host dnh ring: Ngi s dng thu trn Web server v c ton quyn iu khin n, tuy nhin, ngi s dng khng s hu server. PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 10
Dch v host h tr: Tng t dch v host dnh ring, nhng ngi s dng s hu server; cng ty host ch cung cp ch (khng gian vt l) lp t v bo tr server. y l loi dch v Web host mnh nht v t tin nht. Server o dnh ring: Chia mt server thnh nhiu server o, mi ngi dng c cm tng nh h ang qun l server dnh ring cho h, nhng tht ra h ang chia s server vi nhiu ngi dng khc. Web host l: Cho php khch hng cung cp dch v Web host cho chnh h. Host phn b: S dng nhiu server lu tr cng mt ni dung tn dng ti nguyn tt hn. Mt s dch v Web c th: Dch v lu tr tp tin: khng lu tr trang Web m l cc tp tin Dch v lu tr hnh nh Dch v lu tr video Dch v lu tr blog Dch v lu tr cng cng (nh yousendit hay myfilehut vy)
y l ngn ng dng nh ngha mt giao din cho website. N khng th hin th c ni dung, nhng n to ra template cho ni dung. V d nh ngha mt font ch bn dng CSS v p n vo cho mt on vn. Ngn ng ny thng i km vi HTML. 3: Ngn ng PHP, ASP, JAVA Ngn ng chy pha server, n thc hin mt qu trnh bin dch m ngun v tr v kt qu, hin th ln Browes cho ngi xem. Quy trnh bin dch nh sau: Client Server Trnh bin dch
Ngn ng ny cho php tng tc vi c s d liu. Ngn ng ph bin c dng nhiu nht l PHP. 11 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
II: CI T
Bc 1: Download chng trnh t a ch trn. y s dng phin bn 1.7.2 cho Windows.
Bc 2: Kch vo tp tin va ti v ci t. Ti mn hnh u tin bn ch vo trng Destination Folder, ti y ang chn l C, nhng ti khuyn bn nn chn sang mt a khc khng c ci h iu hnh. Bm nt Next. PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B
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Bc 3: Trong bc tip theo ny b m bo chn ht tt c cc ty chn. Trong c ba n ty chn trong mc Services Session l quan trng nht. iu ny c ngha l ba d c a dch v c chn s chy mc trong Windows.
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Bc 4: Di y l qu trnh ci t ang c tin hnh. Bn ch cho n khi mn hnh DOS xut hin.
Bc 5: Khi nhng mn hnh DOS xut hin bn c yn cho n qua ht cho n khi mn hnh bo ci t hon tt xut hin.
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Bm nt Start cnh hai dch v Apache v MySql, thy trng thi ca n l Running th c. Bm nt Exit thot chng trnh. Bc 7: Bn kim tra chng trnh hot ng cha bng cch m trnh duyt web bt k v g vo a ch http://localhost hoc http://127.0.0.1 Nu kt qu xut hin nh hnh di y l bn ci t thnh cng.
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III: CU HNH
1: Thay i a ch local Mc nh truy cp vo webserver bn vo a ch http://localhost Nhng nu bn mun thay a ch ny thnh mt ci tn ty thch, v d nh http://tinhyeucuatoi.com chng hn. Bn thc hin nh sau: Bc 1: M Windows Explorer ln theo ng dn C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc Bc 2: M tp tin hosts bng Notepad. Bc 3: Tm n dng # 127.0.0.1 localhost v thay ch localhost bng ch ty thch. Trong v d ny l tinhyeucuatoi.com. B du # pha trc.
Bc 4: Lu tp tin ny li v kim tra bng cch truy cp vo trnh duyt http://tinhyeucuatoi.com 2. To th website By gi chng ta s th to ra mt website n gin kim tra webserver ca chng ta hot ng cha. Bc 1: Bn tm theo a ch C:\Xampp\htdocs (C:\ l th mc ci t) to thm mt th mc mi c tn MyWeb dng cha website ca bn to ra. Bc 2: To tp tin Index.html trong th mc MyWeb trn, ni dung ty . V d y ti ghi ni dung nh hnh.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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Bc 3: Lu website ny v truy cp va a ch http://localhost/MyWeb. Nu kt qu hin ra trang web vi ni dung trn th l thnh cng. (Lu : nu bn sa a ch localhost thnh a ch khc th nh g ng, trong sch ny ti s dng mc nh).
3. Thay i th mc htdocs Mc nh th bt buc bn phi lu th mc cha web ca mnh trong th mc htdocs Nhng bn mun thay i a ch ny qua mt th mc khc chng hn. Chng ta lm nh sau: Bc 1: Bn tm n th mc C:\xampp\apache\conf M tp tin httpd.conf bng notepad. Bc 2: Tm n dng <Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs"> v thay ng dn trong bng ng dn n thu mc cha web mi ca bn. V d ti to th mc D:\Data th ti s sa li thnh <Directory "D:/Data">
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Bc 3: Tm n dng DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs" v cng sa ng dn trong n th mc cha web. Bn ch dm ti du gch cho trong a ch.
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Bc 4: Khi ng li dch v Apache bng cch m trnh iu khiu Xampp, bm Stop dch v Apache v sau chn Start tr li. Nu trng thi lc ny l Running th vic cu hnh ca bn thnh cng. Bc 5: Bn th kim tra li bng cch to mt file Index.html v truy cp vo website ca mnh.
Cng vic u tin bn nn lm l t mt khu bo v cho c s d liu ca mnh. lm iu ny bn truy cp vo trang http://localhost/security/xamppsecurity.php
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ng nhp vi Username mc nh l root, Password do bn t mc trc. Nu ng th chng trnh PHPMyAdmin xut hin nh hnh bn di.
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2: To CSDL mi to mi mt CSDL bn chn tab Databases, in tn CSDL trong trng Create new databases. Lu : chn thm kiu m ha k t l utf8_general_ci trong mc chn k bn. Sau cng bm Create.
3: To Table (thut ng gi l quan h) mi cho d liu By gi chng ta s to mi mt bng cho d liu MyData trn. V d ti s to mt bng ThongTinSinhVien lu thng tin ca sinh vin. lm iu ny bn thc hin nh sau Bn gc tay tri bn chn vo tn database ca mnh l MyData. Bn nhn c mt thng bo No table found in database c ngha l bng d liu by gi ang trng. to mi bn g tn Table trong trng Name, trng PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 20
2/9/1990
7.42
085203 25 085206 78
5/10/1989 4/1/189
7.51 7.62
+ Phn c in m trong bng trn c gi Field, n l tiu nhn din ct. Ta in n trong trng Field. + Trng Type quy nh kiu d liu (data type) cho Field. MSSV: Varchar HOTEN: Text NGAYSINH: Date KHOA:Text DTB: Float 21 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
+ Length/Value dng ch nh di ca d liu. Phn ny b trng, n t gn gi tr mc nh cho mi Field. Tuy nhin ty theo kiu d liu (data type) m trng ny c php b trng hay khng. V d kiu Varchar bn bt buc phi nhp gi- tr cho n.
Sau khi bm nt Save nu thng bo hin ra nh hnh bn di th vic to Table ca bn thnh cng.
K n bn nhp d liu cho Table: Bn chuyn qua tab Insert, s nhn c mt bng yu cu in d liu nh hnh di. in d liu vo v bm nt Go.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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Mc nh mt lc bn ch c th nhp d liu 1 dng (thut ng gi l B). Tuy nhin bn c th nhp cng lc nhiu dng bng cch ko thanh trt xung di dng Restart insertion with bn sa li gi tr trong tng ng vi s dng m bn cn nhp vo.
Lu : Nu nhp cng lc nhiu dng bn phi bm vo nt Go di cng. Nu bm nt Go dng no th ch c dng c thm. Chuyn qua tab Browse bn thy d liu c thm vo.
hiu v ngha ca Database v qun tr chng, cc bn s c hc trong mn C S D Liu, v nhiu mn hc lin quan trong ngnh H Thng Tin Tin. Trong bi vit ny ch hng dn mt cch c bn nht nhng bn cha bit g c th lm quan c bn nht.
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2: Kt ni n server Chn tc v Connection trong giao din chnh ca chng trnh. Mt ca s yu cu thng tin kt ni hin ra. Bn nhp thng tin kt ni n my ch.
y ti ch kt ni n server local, tc l server o ngay trn my tnh ca ti. Trong phn Connection Name bn cho bit tn ca ca kt ni ny, ty thch ca bn. Trong trng Host name/ IP Address bn nhp a ch ca server. Khi ng k host bn c cung cp a ch ny. y ti nhp l localhost do ti ang kt ni n server local. Hai trng User name v PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 24
Password yu cu khai bo thng tin ng nhp server. Nu kt ni local bn nhp nh ng nhp PHPMyAdmin. Sau cng bm OK. Tr li mn hnh chnh bn thy tn kt ni xut hin bn tri. Bm chut phi vo v chn Open Connection
3: Qun l User Navicat cho php bn to nhiu user khc ng nhp vo h thng. Khi bn cn c quyn admin cao nht, mc nh local th ti khon root l quyn cao nht. Khi ng k host tht, th ti khon cng c quyn ny, nhng thp hn mt ti khon khc gi l user system. qun l user bn chn tc v Manage Users
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thm user mi bn bm Add User v nhp thng tin ng nhp cho user . Ch trng Host l a ch n server ca bn. y l localhost. Vi mi user bn c th thit lp quyn cho user trong vng Global Privileges. Bn con c th phn quyn cho user theo tng Database khc nhau bng cch Click vo user , bn di s m ra nhng Database hin c, v bn check vo quyn c cp cho user trong vng Global Privilages. 4: Qun tr c s d liu Vic qun tr CSDL trn Navical d s dng hn nhiu so vi PHPMyAdmin v n to sn nhng cng c ra bn ngoi.
Table: Cha cc table trong CSDL. C th thy CSDL MyData to bi trc cng xut hin y. Bn c th to thm bng cch bm vo New Table. View: Dng thit k trnh view cho php xem d liu. Query: Dng to truy vn n CSDL. Phn ny vit bng code, bn cn hc qua ngn ng truy vn d liu SQL hoc MySQL. Report: Dng to mt bng bo co, truy xut t d liu. Backup: Cho php sao lu d liu, phng b mt hoc h hng.
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BI 7: LP TRNH PHP CN BN
Gii thiu PHP (vit tt hi quy "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor") l mt ngn ng lp trnh kch bn hay mt loi m lnh ch yu c dng pht trin cc ng dng vit cho my ch Webserver. PHP m ngun m, dng cho mc ch tng qut. Do PHP c pht trin ch dnh cho ng dng web nn rt d dng nhng m vo trang HTML. Tc nhanh, nh gn, c php ging C, d hc v thi gian xy dng sn phm tng i ngn hn so vi cc ngn ng khc nn PHP nhanh chng tr thnh mt ngn ng lp trnh web rt ph bin. Ngn ng, cc th vin, ti liu gc ca PHP c xy dng bi cng ng nhng cng c s ng gp rt ln ca Zend Inc., cng ty do cc nh pht trin ct li ca PHP lp nn. Ni n gin: PHP l ngn ng dng script thc thi trn webserver nhm to ra trang web ng on m sau minh ha gip cch vit PHP lng vo cc trang HTML d nh th no:
<html> <head><title>Trang ch</title></head> <body> Cho bn ! <b> <? if (date("H")<12) echo "Chc mt ngy tt lnh"; else echo "Chiu ri! Mng gp li! Hm nay vui ch h?"; ?> </b> <hr> </body> </html>
Th <? v th ?> nh u bt u v kt thc ca phn m PHP, qua my ch bit x l v dch m cho ng. Mi dng kt thc bng du ; Trong trang html, cc lnh php nm trong tag <? ?> hoc <?php ?> Cc khi lnh nm trong { } Tn m rng ca file l php Ch thch // : 1 dng
*/ File PHP ch chy khi n c chuyn giao t webserver. V vy, mun thc thi file php, bn phi request n thng qua webserver (ngha l m browser, g http://localhost/trangdong.php. Do khng th nhp p vo file php xem n localcal nh trang html c. chy file PHP : + Nu my ca bn ci IIS : to file trong folder C:\Inetpub\wwwroot + Nu my ca bn ci AppserV : to file trong folder C:\AppserV\www + Nu my ca bn ci Xampp, to file trong folder C:\xampp\htdocs Cng c lp trnh C kh nhiu cng c lp trnh PHP. n gin l bn dng notepad cng c th son PHP c. Tuy nhin, son tho nhanh hn, tin hn, bn nn dng cc trnh son tho PHP chuyn nghip. PHP Designer Pro l mt ng dng c khuyn dng. Bin Bin dng cha cc gi tr trong qu trnh tnh ton Khng cn khai bo kiu d liu lc khai bo bin Cc kiu d liu : + S nguyn : int + S thc : float, double + Chui : string + Object + Logic : True hoc false + Kiu mng: Array + Null : gi tr c bit, nhm th hin tnh rng, cha c gn g
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Khai bo : $TenBien=<giatri> ;
<? $hoten= "To"; $dem=1; Lnh echo Dng hin gi tr ca 1 bin, hin 1 chui //To bin hoten v gn gi tr //To bin dem v gn gi tr
V d :
<? echo $hoten; //Hin gi tr bin hoten echo "Hello"; //Hin ch Hello, khng hin du nhy echo "Cho \"sp\""; //Hin Cho "sp" ?>
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Cc php ton S hc: +. -, *, /, % (chia ly d) So snh: ==, >=, <=, >, < , != Ghp chui: . Logic: ! , && , || Tng : ++ Gim : -Gn: =
<? $soluong=3; //Khai bo bin soluong v gn gi tr echo $soluong; //3 $soluong =5; // bin soluong c, ch gn gi tr echo $soluong; //5 ?>
Lnh if: a. Lnh if n gin: if (iu kin) { Khi Lnh 1; } else { Khi Lnh 2; } 29 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Phn else v khi lnh 2 c th khng c Nu khi lnh 1 khi lnh 2 ch 1 gm lnh th c th b cp { } Khi lnh c th l m lnh php hoc m lnh html V d 1 :
<hr/> <? $diem=6; if ($diem>=5) echo "u"; else echo "Rt"; ?>
V d 2 : S dng template khc nhau cho trang ty theo thi gian M file index1.html ri save as thnh index1.php Qua ch code, n dng 21 s thy on code
<link href="c1.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
B sung c kt qu sau:
<link href="<? if (date('H')<=12) echo "c1.css"; else echo "c2.css"; ?>" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
F12 test th
b. Lnh if...elseif..else C php if (iu kin1) { Khi lnh 1; } elseif (iu kin2) { Khi lnh 2 } else { Khi lnh } V d:
<hr/> <? $diem=4; if ($diem>=8) echo "Gii"; elseif ($diem>=7) echo "Kh"; elseif ($diem>=5) echo "Trung bnh"; else echo "Km"; ?>
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Vng lp for: L lnh lp 1 khi lnh vi s ln lp nht nh C php: for (<bin m> ; <iu kin dng> ; <Tng/gim bin m>) { Khi lnh. } V d:
<? for ($i=1;$i<=10;$i++) { echo "i=$i<br>"; } ?>
Vng lp while :
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
L lnh lp khi lnh s ln lp khng xc nh. C php: while (<iu kin>){ Khi lnh } iu kin lp c kim tra trc, do c th khng thc hin ln no. V d:
<hr> <? $tong=0; $i=1;
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Vng lp Do...While: L lnh lp khi lnh s ln lp khng xc nh. do { Khi lnh } while (<iu kin>); iu kin lp c kim tra sau, do thc hin t nht 1 ln. V d:
<? $tong=0; $i=1; do { $tong+=$i; $i+=2; }while ($i<=10); echo "Tng cc s l=$tong"; ?>
Hm (Function) a. Gii thiu: Hm l 1 khi lnh c t tn gi s dng nhiu ln. PHP c khong hn 700 hm. Chng ta cng c th t nh ngha thm cc hm mi. Hm c th tr v 1 gi tr 1 gi tr no sau khi tnh ton hoc khng
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
b. Khai bo: function <Tn hm>(<tham s 1>,<tham s 2>,...){ ........ [return gi tr;] }
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d. Include file Ngi ta thng a cc hm c cng 1 loi (nh x l chui, tnh ton, tin t, bo mt) vo 1 file php ring v include vo trang web khi cn. C php: include "TenFile ; require "TenFile ; include_once "TenFile ;
s khng
// m bo include ch 1 ln, nu include ri th php // khng include na, nhm trnh trng tn hm
require_once "TenFile ;
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String (chui) L 1 dy k t trong nhy kp hoc nhy n a. Chiu di chui strlen(chui) ;//Tr v s k t trong chui
<hr/> <? $a="Chao ban"; echo strlen($a) ; // 8 ?>
b. Truy xut k t trong chui ( ly gi tr, gn tr mi); Ch s ca cc k t tnh t 0 VD: echo $a[2]; //a
d. Tm kim chui con strpos(chui gc, chui con); // Tr v ch s l ni xut hin chu
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
e. Tm v thay th str_replace(<chuicntm>,<chuithayth>,<chuigc>);
<? $str="Hello World"; $str=str_replace('o','e',$str); echo str; //Helle Werld ?>
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f. Cc hm chuyn i strtoupper(chui);//ch hoa strtolower(chui);//ch thng ucfirst(chui);//k t u ca chui l hoa , cn cc k t khc th gi nguyn ucwords(chui);//k t u mi t l hoa, cn cc k t khc th gi nguyn
<? $str="chao ban"; echo strtoupper($str);."<br>"; //CHO BN echo ucfirst($str)."<br>"; //Cho bn echo ucwords($str)."<br>"; //Cho Bn ?>
Array (mng) a. Gii thiu: Mng l 1 i tng c to ra nhm lu tr cc d liu c tnh tng ng. Trong mng c nhiu phn t vi nhng gi tr khc nhau v c nh theo s th t t 0 tr i (ch s phn t) hoc c phn bit theo dng chui (key) name1=Teo; name2=Ty; name3=Map; Gi tr cc key phi khc nhau.
0 1 2
Teo
a
Ty
b
Map
c
b. Khai bo mng $TnMng=array(); // khai bo mng rng $TnMng=array(gi tri 1, gi tr 2,); //khai bo mng c cc phn t nh bng ch s
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
c. Th hin cu trc mng: C th dng 2 hm: var_dump(TenMang); // Lit k chi tit bao nhiu phn t, index , kiu v gi tr ca tng
phn t
print_r(TenMang); // lit k index v gi tr tng phn t. Khng hin kiu v tng s phn t
<? $giohang=array(); //khai bo mng rng $diem=array(0,5,7); // 3 phn t ch s l 0,1,2. $sanpham=array("idSP"=>5, "TenSP"=>"Go","Gia"=>12000); // nh theo key $user=array("iduser"=>5, "hoten"=> "Nguyn Vn To"); echo "Cu trc mng diem: <br/>"; print_r($diem); echo "<br>"; var_dump($diem); echo "<br>"; echo "Cu trc mng sanpham: <br/>"; print_r($sanpham); echo "<br>"; var_dump($sanpham); ?>
//Thm 9 vo cui mng im, ch s cui tng 1 //thm 3 lm phn t cui ca mng sanpham, key l SoLuong
//5 //Go
g. m phn t count($TnMng);
<hr/> <? echo count($user) ; //2 ?>
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h. Lit k phn t mng dng vng lp for : Lit k mng m cc phn t c nh theo ch s lin tc
<hr/> <? $giatri=array(8,10,9) ; for ($i=0 ;$i<count($giatri) ;$i++) { echo "Gi tr th $i l $giatri[$i]<br>"; } ?>
<table border=1> <? while (key($sanpham)!=null) { ?> <tr><td><? echo key($sanpham); ?> </td><td><? echo current($sanpham); ?> </td></tr> <? next($sanpham); // prev: lui tri, next: pt k ?> <? } ?> </table>
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Ch : 1 phn t ca dy c gi tr null cng c, ghi vy $a=array(10,null,7); Ghi vy l sai: $a=array(10,,7); Phn t c ch s th key l null
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Mi ln qua tng phn t th phn tch thnh cp key v value. C th t tn khc, khng nhn thit l $key, $value Mi ln lp, t ng next qua phn t tip theo X l d liu trn Form a. i tng $_GET, $_POST $_GET, $_POST l 2 mng c sn trong PHP cha d liu gi ln t form. C hai l mng dng key. Key l tn ca cc i tng trong form $_GET l i tng cha d liu gi ln t form dng Method l Get $_POST l i tng cha d liu gi ln t form dng Method l Post b. Cch ly gi tr t form $_GET["Ten"] $_POST["Ten"] c. V d 1: To 1 file tn dangnhap.php ri to form login trong tag body nh di y:
<form action="xulydangnhap.php" method="GET" name="form1" id="form1"> <table width="286" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"> <caption>NG NHP</caption> <tr> <td width="114">Tn ng nhp</td> <td width="150"><input name="u" type="text" class="txtfield" id="u" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="114">Mt khu</td> <td><input name="p" type="password" class="txtfield" id="p" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><input type="checkbox" name="nho" id="nho" />Nh user v pass</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><input name="button" type="submit" class="btnSubmit" id="button" value="ng Nhp" /></td> </tr> </table> </form>
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To file xulydangnhap.php ri g m sau vo tag body <? echo $_GET["u"]. "<br>"; echo $_GET["p"]. "<br>"; print_r($_GET )
?>
F12 file dangnhap.php, g user, pass ri nhp Login. Nhn URL ca browser, bn s thy file xulydangnhap.php v username, password. Chnh li form trn vi method l POST, Sa phng thc GET trong file xulydangnhap.php thnh POST v th li. Ch URL trn thanh Address khi nhp nt Login
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i tng $_SERVER
Ngoi cc thng tin trnh duyt gi ln thng qua cc con ng POST, GET, COOKIES, chng ta cng c th thu c mt s thng tin khc c lin quan n trnh duyt cng nh cc thng s lin quan n my ch nh: ng dn, a ch IP, phin bn... Cc thng tin ny c lu tr trong bin mng $_SERVER (i vi cc phin bn mi) hoc $HTTP_SERVER_VARS (i vi cc phin bn c hn bn 4.1.0):
$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] / $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']: Tn ca my ch host, ni m on script c thc thi. $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']: Tn file nm trn folder gc ca website. V d: bin $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] trong script t ti a ch http://example.com/test.php/foo.bar s l /test.php/foo.bar. $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']: Chui cha tn cc tham s v gi tr (sau du ?) $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']: Folder gc ca website, ni m file script ang c thc thi. V d: C:/AppServ/www $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']: a ch ca trang web m t user link n trang ny. $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']: a ch ca my client, ni ngi s dng ang duyt web. $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']: a ch URI (nh danh i vi cc ti nguyn mng, l mt dng thc ca URL). $_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE']: Chui nh danh ca my ch, thng c cp trong phn header khi tr li cc yu cu t my khch. V d: Apache/2.2.4 (Win32) PHP/5.2.3 $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']: Loi yu cu m clients dng truy cp trang web. VD: 'GET', 'HEAD', 'POST', 'PUT'. $_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME']: ng dn tuyt i ca file script ang chy. Vd: C:/AppServ/www/laptrinhphp/abc.php $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']: ng dn ca file script. Vd /laptrinhphp/abc.php <?php echo 'HTTP_HOST: '. $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].'<br>'; echo 'PHP_SELF: '.$_SERVER['PHP_SELF'].'<br>'; echo 'QUERY_STRING: '.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'].'<br>'; echo 'DOCUMENT_ROOT: '. $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'<br>'; echo 'HTTP_REFERER: '. $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'].'<br>'; echo 'REMOTE_ADDR: '. $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'].'<br>'; echo 'URL: '. $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] .'<br>'; echo 'SCRIPT_FILENAME: '. $_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] .'<br>'; echo 'SCRIPT_NAME'. $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'] .'<br>'; ?>
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Gii thiu v http header http header l cc thng tin iu khin nm trong cc http request , http response. Cha cc cc ch th bo cho trnh duyt/server bit cch x l thng tin. V d: trnh duyt chuyn qua trang khc, trnh duyt ng hin file php, trnh duyt ng lu trang vo cache a. Redirection (chuyn hng) Dng chuyn sang trang web khc. C php: header("location:url");
Lnh ny phi dng trn tt c cc m lnh html V d1: <? header("location:http://nhatnghe.com"); exit(); ?> V d 2: Nu bui sng chuyn n trang index1.html ngc li chuyn n index2.html <? if (date('H')<=12) header('location:index2.html'); ?> header('location:index1.html'); else
V d 3: Nu 2-4-6 chuyn n trang index1.html ngc li chuyn n index2.html <? if ((date('w')==1) || header('location:index1.html'); else header('location:index2.html'); ?> (date('w')==3) || (date('w')==5))
<? if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'],'MSIE')>0) header('location:index1.html'); else header('location:index2.html'); ?> V d 5: Nu browser l Firefox th chuyn n trang index1.html, ngc li trang index2.html
<? if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'],'firefox')>0) header('location:index1.html'); else header('location:index2.html'); ?>
<? header("location:".$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']);?>
b. Content-type Dng bo cho browser bit kiu d liu m webserver ang tr v cho browser. C php: header('Content-type:MimiType);
V d: to file mimetype1.html ri g:
<? header('Content-type: application/msword'); ?> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head><title>Cho</title></head> <body>Cho bn</body> </html>
Nu khng c dng u (ch ) th browse s hin trang web c ch cho bn. Nu c, broswe s bit l 1 file word, n s hin ra khung ny
Lnh ny phi dng trn tt c cc m lnh html Mt s kiu Mimtype (xem thm file mimetype.html)
application/msword application/pdf application/vnd.ms-excel application/zip doc pdf xls zip
C php: header('Content-disposition: attachment; filename="'.$filename.'"'); Lnh s bo cho browser bit l nn download v save file. Tham s "filename=" s bo cho browser bit tn ca file nn c save. V d: <? header('Content-type: application/msword'); $filename="tailieu.doc"; header('Content-disposition: attachment; filename="'.$filename.'"'); ?> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head><title>Cho</title></head> <body>Cho bn</body> PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 42
c. Content-disposition
</html>
d. Content-length Lnh header('Content-length: ' . filesize($upload_dir.$filename)); Lnh ny dng bo cho browser bit di ca file ti v, dng trong download file
Cookies a. Gii thiu: Cookie dng lu nhng thng tin v user. Cookie c lu trong my client, trong vng do browser qun l Khng dng cookies lu nhng thng tin quan trng v khng m bo browser u cho php ghi cookies m ch dng cookie cho mc ch tin ch m thi
(username, password, thi im login cui, danh sch nhc a thch)
Nu khng ch nh thi gian th cookie s lu trong b nh. V s mt khi user ng browser. Nu thi im qu hn l 1 thi im trong qu kh th browser s xa cookie
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Ch : Hm time() cho bit s giy tnh t u nm 1970 n thi im hin ti F12 xem th, bn s chng thy g, nhng 2 cookie c to (c th xem thy trong cache) To file viewcookie.php ri g khi lnh sau trong tag body
<? if (isset($_COOKIE["un"])==true) echo "Cho bn " . $_COOKIE["un"] ."<br>"; else echo "Cho qu khch"; echo "Bn vo site ln cui lc " . date("d/m/Y H:i:s",$_COOKIE["lasttime"]); echo "<hr>"; print_r($_COOKIE); // Xem mi cookie ?>
F17 xem th, bn thy gi tr 2 cookie e. V d 2 To file xoacookie.php ri vo dng u tin: <? setcookie("un", "haha", time()-1); ?> F12 , cookie s b xa. Bn c bit kim tra bng cch no khng?
Lu file li M file 1 file dangnhap.php , chn tag form ri km tra xem c phi method l POST khng Nhp textfield tn u ri qua code, bn s thy on m: <input name="u" type="text" class="txtfield" id="u" /> G thm vo (mu ) c kt qu sau: <input value="<? echo $_COOKIE['iu_s_nm'];?>" name="u" type="text" class="txtfield" id="u" /> PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 44
Qua Design, nhp textfield tn p ri qua code, bn s thy on m: <input name="p" id="p" type="password" class="txtfield" /> G thm vo (mu ) c kt qu sau: <input value="<? echo $_COOKIE['bt_qut'];?>" type="password" class="txtfield" /> name="p" id="p"
F17 trang dangnhap.php. G username v password ri nhp ng nhp, bn s thy user name password. Xem xong ng browser li F17 trang dangnhap.php. G username v password , check vo Nh username ri nhp ng nhp, bn s thy user name password. Lc ny username v password c lu li trong cookie. Xem xong ng browser li F17 trang dangnhap.php. Bn s thy username, password c hin sn
Session a. Gii thiu: L i tng cha thng tin user trn server. Mi user c 1 session ring. Cu trc session ca mi user l ging nhau (ch khc gia tr cc bin). $_SESSION l dy ton cc c sn trong php, dng cha cc bin session. Do d liu trong session c th c truy xut t mi trang php trong site.
b. Khai bo v s dng $_SESSION["TnBin"] Trang php no c dng session th phi c hm < ? session_start() ;?> Hm ny phi nm trn tt c m lnh html
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Vd: <? $_SESSION["login"]=1 ; //to bin, mi trang u c c ?> c. V d 1: <? if(isset($_SESSION['views'])==true) $_SESSION['views']=$_SESSION['views']+1; else $_SESSION['views']=1; echo "Views=". $_SESSION['views']; if ($_SESSION['views']>=10) unset($_SESSION['views']); //session_destroy(); 45 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
?> d. V d 2: Ghi nhn s lng sn phm c chn vo gi hng M trang index_banhang.php Qua code, ln dng u g lnh <? session_start(); ?> Qua design. ct phi, trong dng Gi hng c 0 sn phm, chn s 0 xa ri qua code g code (mu ) Gi hng c <? echo $_SESSION['SoSP']; ?> sn phm Kim tra xem tng nt t mua c link n trang luuugiohang.php hay khng
To trang luugiohang.php Qua code, xa ht code html v g lnh sau <? session_start(); $_SESSION['SoSP']+=1; header("location:".$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']); ?> Test th e. V d 3 : To file index_admin.php Trang ch <? session_start(); if (isset($_SESSION['login'])==false) { header("Location: login.html"); exit(); } ?> <body> y l trang ch qun tr.<br/> Cho <b><?=$_SESSION["username"]?></b>. Bn login thnh cong. <hr> <a href=signout.php>Logout</a>; </body> To file login.html Form login <form action="signin.php" method="POST"> Username: <INPUT TYPE="text" name="username"><br> Password: <INPUT TYPE="password" name="password"><br> <INPUT TYPE="submit" name="submit" value="Login"> </form> To file signin.php Kim tra thng tin <? PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 46
session_start(); if (checkLogin($_POST['username'], $_POST['password'])==true){ $_SESSION["username"]=$_POST['username']; $_SESSION["login"]=true; header('Location: index_admin.php'); exit(); } else { header('Location: login.html'); exit(); } function checkLogin($theUsername, $thePassword){ if (($theUsername=="teo") && ($thePassword=="123")) return true; else return false; } ?> To file signout.php <? session_start(); session_destroy(); header('Location: login.html'); ?>
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Dng phin bn Joomla 1.0.x L phin bn pht hnh n nh. c s dng rng ri, c nhiu thnh phn m rng (component, module, mambot)... C th s dng ngay cho website ca bn. Joomla 1.0.0: Phin bn pht hnh u tin (15-09-2005) Joomla 1.0.12: Phin bn pht hnh mi nht (25-12-2006) Dng phin bn Joomla 1.5 L phin bn pht trin v vn ang giai on Beta 2 (cha n nh). Phin bn Joomla! 1.5 l phin bn ci tin t Joomla 1.0.x (phn m c vit li hon ton, tuy nhin vn gi cch hnh x nh c) c coi nh Mambo 4.6. Ban u n cn c gi l Joomla 1.1, nhng sau v nhn thy n c ci tin nhiu v mt k thut, tnh nng nn nhm pht trin quyt nh ly tn l Joomla 1.5 C nhiu tnh nng hay PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 48
Ch nn s dng cho mc ch th nghim Joomla 1.5 h tr a ngn ng Joomla 1.5 dng charset mc nh l UTF-8 (thay v ISO-8859-1 trong Joomla 1.0.x) Dng phin bn Joomla 1.6 y phin bn mi nht, ra mt vo thng 10/2009. Phin bn ny cn ang kh mi, cha n nh. La chn phin bn ci t
Ci t ln u, ci mi Bn nn chn phin bn Joomla 1.0.x, chn bn mi nht: Joomla 1.0.12 - Bc 1: M http://joomlacode.org/gf/project/joomla/frs/ - Bc 2: Chn bn Joomla_1.0.12-Stable-Full_Package.zip (Stable: n nh, Full: y ) Ci t ch nng cp Nu bn ang dng Joomla 1.0.x. VD: Joomla! 1.0.7 v mun nng cp ln Joomla! 1.0.12. - Bc 1: M http://joomlacode.org/gf/project/joomla/frs/ - Bc 2: Chn bn Joomla_1.0.7_to_1.0.12-Stable-Patch_Package.zip (1.0.7 to 1.0.12)
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Related Items (mod_related_items): Module hin th cc bi vit lin quan Random Image (mod_random_image): Module hin th cc nh ngu nhin Search Module (mod_search): Module cng c tm kim Login Module (mod_login): Module hin th form ng nhp h thng Stats Module (mod_stats): Module hin th cc thng tin thng k v h thng Menu Module (mod_mainmenu): Module hin th cc menu ca website Banners Module (mod_banners): Moudule hin th cc banner qung co. 2: Plugin Plugin l mt on code chy nn bn trong. Cng vic ca n l lm nn thc thi mt tc v no ca Joomla. N khng hin th ra bn ngoi ca website m ch nhn gi tr u vo ra tr v kt qu. 3 : Components y chnh l mt trong nhng thnh phn m rng quan trng nht. Nh c n m chng ta c th pht trin website vi nhiu tnh nng hn. Thng thng mt Components s i km vi vi module hoc plugin gip vic hin th n ra ngoi c tin dng hn. 4 : Template Khng cn ni nhiu th bn cng bit y chnh l giao din ca website. Vi thnh phn ny ngi dng joomla c th ty bin giao din mt cch d dng. Ngi ta c th thit k trc mt giao din, v ch vic p dng giao din ny vo website thay v phi xy dng website t u. 5 : Languages Joomla c pht trin mnh m l do h tr c nhiu ngn ng khc nhau. Vic ci t thm mt gi ngn ng mi i vi Joomla khng c g l kh, chnh l nh s h tr ca gi thnh phn Languages ny.
III : CC THUT NG
1 : Front-end Front-end (tin snh), cn c bit vi tn gi Public Front-end: phn giao din pha ngoi, ni tip xc vi mi ngi s dng. Bt c ai cng c th trng thy khi g ng ng dn URL vo trnh duyt. Front-end cha 1 trang c bit l FrontPage (homepage) - trang ch. 2: Back-end Back-end cn c bit vi tn gi Public Back-end, Administrator, Control Pane: phn dnh cho ngi qun tr. Nhng ngi bnh thng khng bit ng dn truy cp, hoc nu c bit th cng phi qua bc kim tra ti khon. Phn back-end c truy cp thng qua ng dn: http://your_domain/administrator. 3: Section PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 50
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Section: Cc mc, cc lnh vc, cc dng sn phm, dch v... m Website mun cp ti. VD1: Mt Website bn sch trc tuyn c th bao gm cc Section: "Sch Vn hc", "Sch Tin hc", "Sch Ton hc"... VD2: Mt Website v tin tc c th bao gm cc Section: "Th thao", "Vn ha", "Php lut"... 4: Category Category: Cc chuyn mc, loi sn phm, loi dch v... c cp mt cch c th hn, chi tit hn. VD1: Trong Section "Vn hc" c cc Category: "Tiu thuyt", "Truyn ngn", "Hi k"... VD2: Trong Section "Th thao" c cc Category: "Bng ", "Qun vt", "Cc mn th thao khc"... 5: Article Article: Ton b ni dung ca mt bi vit v thng gm 2 phn: Phn gii thiu (Intro Text): Phn ny nu ngn gn, tm tt hoc l m u cho ton b bi vit. Phn chi tit (Description Text): Phn cn li ca bi vit. Nh vy to mt bi vit chng ta cn qua ti a 3 bc v ti thiu l 1 bc nu co Section v Category: Bc 1: To Section: Vo Content --> Section Manager Bc 2: To Category: Vo Content --> Category Manager Bc 3: To Content: Vo Content --> Article Manager --> New Chng ta cng xem "Cu trc ni dung ca mt Website Joomla" c th hin thng qua hnh v di y:
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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BI 2: CI T JOOMLA
Chc cc bn ang thc mc l ti sao ti li ni nhiu v cc vn khc nh t u n gi, mc d cun sch s hng dn cch qun tr website vi Joomla. Nhng iu m ti ni t nhng bi trc s khng tha cht no. N s gip cc bn lm quen c bn nht, c mt khi nim s khi trc khi i vo s dng Joomla. V nu nh bn l nng nng xem trc bi vit ny th ti khuyn bn nn dng li v xem t u. Bi v ti s khng lp li nhng khi nim pha trn.
By gi chng ta s bt u tng bc ci t website Joomla. Cng vic u tin rt quan trng m bn khng th trnh khi l tm v ti b source Joomla ng phin bn mnh cn. Khi ti v bn c mt file nn dng *.zip. Hy gii nn file ny ra mt th mc, v t tn cho th mc ny gn li, sao cho bn thy thch n. y ti s t tn l Joomla15. Copy th mc Joomla15 vo th mc cha web ca mnh. y ti s a n vo th mc C:\xampp\htdocs Trong C:\ l a m ti ci Xampp. Mt s bn trong bi trc thc hnh i th mc cha web sang th mc khc th lu l phi a web ca mnh n ng th mc . Bn vo phn qun tr CSDL ca mnh to mt Database mi. V d y ti s to l Joomla_data. M trnh duyt web ln v truy cp a ch http://localhost/Joomla15 Chng ta cn lu a ch ny. Nu bn ci t trn host tht th n s l a ch ca host bn. V d nh ti c host ca mnh http://www.dctuit.com khi ti s vo a ch http://www.dctuit.com/Joomla15 Thnh phn Jooml15 ch n th mc cha Joomla. Nu bn chp source vo trong th mc gc th khng c phn sau ny. Nu lm ng cc bc trn bn s thy xut hin phn Choose Language nh hnh di y, bm nt Next tip tc.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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Tip tc bn thy xut hin bng thng tin kim tra h thng nh sau:
Ti bng ny bn khng cn quan trng cc thng s khung pha di. Nhng nu bt k mt thnh phn no khung pha trn hin mu th bn hy dng li kim tra. Nu n tha bn bm Next. Mt trang vn bn ton ting anh chnh l thng tin lut bn quyn m bn nn xem nu c iu kin. Bm Next qua tip.
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Phn thng tin sp khai bo trong phn ny kh l quan trng, nn bn cn xem k. + u tin l thng s Database Type dng chn kiu CSDL. y bn s chn l MySQL. + Host Name: Cho bit tn hoc a ch ca Host. Mc nh v thng dng nhiu nht l localhost. V y ti cng chn l localhost. + Mc User Name: yu cu bn cung cp user ng nhp vo CSDL. Bn in root nu ang dng localhost. + Tng t th mc Password bn nhp mt khu truy cp CSDL. + Trong mc Dataname bn in vo tn ca CSDL bn to dng cha d liu ca website. Ti s khai bo l Joomla_data. Bm Next chuyn qua bc tip theo. PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Bc tip theo bn khai bo thng s kt ni FTP dng cho vic truyn file ln host. Thng s ny khng quan trng bn c th Next b qua.
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+ Site Name: Tn ca website do bn t t. + Your Email: L a ch email ca admin. + Admin Password v Confirm Admin Password : Khai bo mt khu ca qun tr vin. Mc nh user name l Admin. + Instal default sample data : La chn c ci t CSDL mu hay khng. Nu bn ang bt u cho mt website mi th khng nn. Nu bn ang thc hnh th bn nn chn Install Sample Data. Bn bm Next bc trn s nhn c mt thng bo cho bit qu trnh ci t hon tt. V n a ra mt yu cu nh l bn cn phi xa th mc Installation trong th mc ngun ca Joomla i. Bn m th mc Joomla15 xa th mc Installation i, v quay tr li trnh duyt bm Site.
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vo trang qun tr dnh cho admin bn truy cp http://localhost/Joomla15/Administrator Mt yu cu xc thc ti khon hin ra, bn c nhp user l Admin, cn password l do bn khai bo t trong qu trnh ci t.
C mt li bn thng thy khi my tnh khng kt ni internet Error loading feed data Bn khng cn bn tm n n.
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C th chia giao din lm vic ra 2 phn. Phn pha trn l menu chnh cha ton b nhng cng vic m bn s thc hin. Phn pha di l vng hin th cc tc v khi bn chn menu tng ng. Control Panel Bn vo menu Site > Control Panel vo phn ny. xem chng ta s lm c g trong phn ny.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Trn hnh bn nhn thy phn Control Panel cha nhng cng c cn thit nht cho vic qun tr c lit k sn trong y. Mc ch ca vic ny gip chng ta nhanh chng n mt tc v no . Pha bn tay phi lit k nhng thng k v tnh hnh hot ng ca website. Logged in Users Hin th nhng user no ang ng nhp vo website. Bn s quay tr li vn v qun l user trong nhng bi sau.
Recent Added Articles Phn ny cho chng ta xem qua nhng bi vit va c vit. Trong trng hp website ca chng ta c qun tr bi nhiu ngi th mc ny rt hu ch.
Menu Stats Cho bit hin ti website ca bn c nhng menu no ang c public.
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Joomla! Security Newsfeed Joomla s a ra nhng cnh bo v tnh hnh bo mt ca website ti y. Bn s c c hi tm hiu k hn vn bo mt cho Joomla trong nhng bi sau.
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Site Offline: Chn yes nu mun ngng hot ng website. Trong vi trng hp, khi website ca bn cn ng ca nng cp, bn thm vi dng thng bo na vo trong trng Iffline Message. i loi nh l Website chng ti ang tm ngng hot ng, xin vui lng quay li sao. Site Name: Nu mun nh ngha li tn ca website th chng ta cu hnh ti y. Cc thng s khc bn s gp li trong nhng bi sau. Thit lp Metadata Settings cung cp cho chng ta vi thng s ty chn sau:
Global Site Meta Description: Khng quan trng g lm, y chng qua l phn m t cho website. Global Site Meta Keywords: Trong trng hp trang web ca bn public ln internet th nhng t kha trong y s gip cho website ca bn lt vo mt xanh ca nhng trnh tm kim.
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Show Title Meta Tag: Cho php xem tag khi m mt bi vit. Tag l nhng t kha lin quan trong n bi vit do bn nh ngha. Khi bi vit c m th tag xem hin km theo pha di nu bn chn thng s ny l Yes. Show Author Meta Tag: Cng tng t nh Title meta tag nhng by gi l dnh cho tc gi ca bi vit. Bn s gp li nhng nh ngha ny trong nhng bi sau. Cn nhiu Setting khc, nhng vic s dng n khng d cht no. Bn s ln lt gp li chng trong nhng bi k tip. By gi bn ng nn chnh sa g na ngoi nhng g ti va hng dn. Nu khng nghe theo, c th website ca bn ngay lp tc b li.
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II: TO MI SECTION
By gi chng ta s to mi mt Section theo tng bc nh sau: vo trnh qun l Section bn vo menu Content > Section Manager. Hoc vo Control Panel > Section Manager
to mi Section bn chn New. Giao din Section New m ra nh bn di. Title: in tn cho Section vo y. Alias: C ngha l tn nh danh. Tn ny dng trong trng hp bn ti u ha website. Chng ta s cng tm hiu v ti u ha website trong nhng bi k tip. Public : Bn nh chn Yes cho bit Section ny c a vo hot ng. 63 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Access Level : Mc nh l Public c ngha l section dnh cho mi ngi. Nu bn chn Registered th ch c thnh vin ng k mi xem c. Image v Image Postions : Cho php chn mt tm nh i din v v tr ca nh trong section.
Hon tt th bn bm nt Save. Chng trnh s quay v trang qun tr section, v bn c th thy section c. Trong phn Alias bn nn in li Title nhng khng b du ting vit, v du cch thay bng du gch ngang. V d nh Title l Cng Ngh Thng Tin th Alias nn l cong-nghethong-tin
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thc hin sao chp section bn cng chn section v bm Copy. Trang tip theo m ra, bn in tn mi section, ri chn Save. Vic copy ny s sao chp ton b Category v Article c trong section .
BI 2 : QUN L CATEGORY
I : GII THIU
Di cp ca Section l Category. Mun c mt category th trc tin bn cn c section trc.
II : TO MI CATEGORY
Cng tng t vo c trang qun l Category bn vo Content > Category Manager
to mi bn cng bm nt New trong trnh qun l category. Ti y bn cng cung cp cc thng s quen thuc nh Title, Alias Mt thng s quan trng chnh l Section. Thng s ny yu cu bn cho bit section no s cha category ny.
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Trong trng hp d liu ca bn qu nhiu, th chc nng Filter bt u pht huy tc dng. N cho php lc nhng thng tin theo iu kin. V d nh trong Category ny, bn c th lc nhng category trong mt section no .
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BI 3 : QUN L BI VIT
I : THM MI BI VIT
vo trnh qun tr bi vit bn vo Contents >Article Manager, giao din ca phn qun tr Article hin ra cng ging nh giao din ca trnh qun tr khc.
thm bi vit mi bn bm New. m bo rng bn to xong Section v Category chun b cha bi vit ca mnh. Trang web m ra l trnh son tho bi vit, chng ta s nhp bi vit ca mnh vo y. Trnh son tho hin ti kh l n gin v d s dng, vi nhng nh dng c bn. Hai thng s m bn phi ch n chnh l Section v Category, n yu cu bn ch nh Section v Category s cha bi vit ny.
Thng s Published bn chn yes quyt nh rng bi vit ny s a ra cng chng. Thng s Front Page bn chn No quyt nh bi vit khng hin th trang ch. iu ny c ngha l xem c bi vit th ngi xem phi vo tng trong Category tng ng th mi thy bi vit. 67 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
II : QUN L BI VIT
Vic qun l c thc hin ti trnh qun tr bi vit, cng tng t nh cc phn qun tr khc vi nhng chc nng c bn Edit, Copy, Move, Publishbn cn c thm vi la chn khc : Archive v Unarchive : Hai la chn ny cho php thay i thuc tnh lu tr hoc khng. Thuc tnh lu tr c ngha l bi vit s khng c hin tr trang ch na, m thay vo n c ct trong Database. Vic ny khc vi vic xa bi vit bng chc nng Trash.
Bn cng d dng thay i cc thuc tnh Publish v Front Page bng cch click vo nhng biu tng du check hoc uncheck trong tng ct tng ng. Ti trang qun tr ny bn cn bit c s lt xem bi vit bng thng s Hits.
Paramenters (Article) dng cho nhng thit lp cn bn Author: chn tc gi ca bi vit trong combobox. Mc nh l tn ang ng nhp, nhng bn c th i li tn khc. Author Alias: Mt tn khc cho tc gi. Thng s ny gii quyt vn tc gi mun i tn. Khi ngi vit bi dng ti khon ng nhp ny, nhng vit bi cho ngi khc. PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 68
Access Level: C ba ch v quyn cho bi vit. Chn public khi bn quyt nh ai cng xem c bi ny. Chn Registered khi ch c thnh vin mi xem c. Creared Date: L ngy vit bi, n l mc nh ngy gi hin ti. Start Publishing: Ch thm ngy s xut bn bi vit ny. Trong trng hp bn ln lch vit bi trc chng hn. Finish Publishing: Ch nh ngy kt thc, tc hn cht ca bi vit ny. Bn g vo Never khi quyt nh bi vit khng bo gi ht hn. Paramenters Advanced y l nhng thng s nng cao dnh cho bi vit. Show title: Hin th tn tiu ca bi vit hay khng. Title linkable: Tiu c kh nng lin kt hay khng Intro Text: C hin th phn tm tt bi vit hay khng. Section name: Hin th section ca bi vit hay khng. Section Title Linkable: Tiu ca Section c kh nng lin kt hay khng. Category name: Hin th category hay l khng Category Title Linkable: Category c kh nng lin kt hay khng. Article Rating: Cho php chm im cho bi vit theo sao hay khng. Author Name: C hin th tn tc gi hay khng Created Date and Time: Hin th ngy gi to bi vit. PDF Icon, Print Icon, Email Icon : ng cho hin th cc icon tng ng hay khng. Alternative Read More: on text s thay th ch Read More Ti mi thng s chng ta c 3 la chn l Yes, No, v Use Global. Vy la chn Use Global l g?. C ngha l s s dng theo cu hnh thit lp trc. thit lp trc nhng thng s ny cho ton b h thng bn quay tr ra trang qun tr bi vit, chn vo chc nng Paramenters.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Khi trang thit lp cc thng s s m ra. Bn ch vic la chn Yes hoc l No trong y, v n c nh hng n nhng thit lp trong bi vit s dng ty chn Use Global.
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To bi vit nhiu trang i khi th bi vit ca qu di, vic ko thanh trt v tng cng xem ht bi vit l iu khng nn cht no. Nh vy chng ta c nhu cu ngt bi vit ra nhiu trang, mi trang c mt phn va phi. Cng tng t nh read more y chng ta s dng chc nng Pagebreak. t con tr ti v tr mun ngt trang v bm Pagebreak, t tn cho trang mi na l xong. Khi bn th bi vit ca mnh, s lin kt Next v Prev cui mi trang. Chn hnh nh vo bi vit y l nhu cu khng th thiu i vi website. Bn c hai cch chn nh vo bi vit nh sau: Cch th nht l trn thanh cng c ca trnh son tho vn bn bn click vo Inser/ Edit image
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Mt ca s Images m ra, bn a ng dn n file nh vo trng Image URL. V ty chnh cc thng s thch hp, sau cng th bm Insert. Image Description : m t cho bc nh Alignment : Canh chnh v tr ca anh so vi vn bn Dimensions : Thay i kch c. Border : Vin cho nh. Vi cch chn ny bn c th chn nh t URL ca mt website khc. chn nh t website ca mnh bn thc hin theo cch th hai. Bm vo nt Image di khung son tho.
nh ca bn cn upload ln host th mi chn bng chc nng ny. Bn s tm hiu v qun l a phng tin bi sau. Cn by gi bn ch cn bit l chng ta cn duyt n th mc cha nh, chn mt bc nh v bm Insert. Bn c th ti ln mt tm nh bng cch bm nt Browse.. chn nh v bm Start Upload bt u ti ln. Lu l khi ti anh ln bn cng nn chn v tr lu nh thch hp. To bi vit c Intro text khc Full text. By gi bn hy th gh qua trang web www.tuoitre.com.vn Ta thy phn text gii thiu ca bi vit c nh dng text v kch c nh minh ha hon ton khc vi nh dng trong phn full text. 71 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
lm iu ny bn cng son bi vit nh bnh thng. Nhng ti v tr m chng ta t Read more bn to thnh hai phn. Tc l bn copy thm mt on intro khc, v c gn nh dng n khc vi phn ni dung bn di read more. Bn c th thy trn hnh minh ha.
Tip tc bn m phn cu hnh cc thng s cho bi vit v chn Intro Text thuc tnh Hide. Hy th xem bi vit ca mnh. y l Intro text
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Ti y bn c th upload ln nhng file mi, bng cch bm Browse chn n file cn ti ln trong my tnh, v bm Start Upload.
Bn lu l dung lng ti a ca file l 10MB, nhng bn c th cu hnh li ty chn ny. Bn vo Global Configuration, tab System, vng Media Settings.
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Thng s Maximum Size bn nh ngha li kch thc ti a cho file ti ln, dung lng tnh bng byte. Thng s trong Legal Extensions bn c th nh ngha nhng nh dng file no c php ti tn.
QUY NH TH MC LU TR
Theo quy nh th hnh nh v video bn ti ln v mun n c th xem c th bn phi a n vo th mc Stories. V th khi ti nh ln bn cn a vo ng th mc ny. Hy xem li ng dn trong trng files chng ta thy c s k l y C:\xampp\htdocs\Joomla15\images/stories Ti sao trc th mc stories li dng sc xuyt tri. y ch l quy nh chung. Chng ta phn bit hai loi ng dn s thy s khc bit. l ng dn tuyt i, v ng dn tng i. V d ta c ng dn C:\xampp\htdocs\Joomla15 y chnh l ng dn tuyt i, dn n th mc Joomla15. Tuy nhin khi cc file trong Joomla15 tham chiu n nhau, chng khng vit li ton ng dn ny m ch vit /stories/picture.jpg tham chiu n file picture.jpg trong th mc stories, l th mc con ca ca Joomla15. to mt th mc mi bn in tn th mc mi vo text sau tn ng dn ca trng file, v bm Create Folder
BI 5: QUN L USER
QUN L USER V TO MI USER thc hin vic qun l thnh vin bn vo Site > User Manager.
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Mc nh trong Joomla phn User thnh tng Group, v bn khng th thm hay sa group ny mt cch bnh thng c. Mi group u c phn quyn c th. C hai nhm quyn l nhm thnh vin bn ngoi, tc l Front-End, v nhm qun tr bn trong Back-end. Mt ti khon back-end c th ng nhp front-end, nhng ngc li th khng c. thm mi thnh vin bn chn New, in thng tin cho thnh vin cn thm, chn thm quyn cho thnh vin trong trng Group.
Bn tri bn xem cc thit lp cho user ny, v bn thy mt dng ch t vng bn di No contact details linkedTi sao nh vy? Khi hc n bi v Module, bn s bit cch to ra mt danh sch cc lin h, v c th lin k n n thnh vin ny.
i vi mt trang web tin tc, th vic nhn bi vit t cc thnh vin l chuyn ht sc cn thit. Thnh vin s post bi t trang ch ch khng vo trang admin. Nh vy nhu cu ca chng ta l lm sao thnh vin click vo u trn trang ch th m ra mt trang vit bi mi. Vn ny c gii quyt nhng bi sau.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Publisher (Ngi xut bn): L ngi bin son, ngoi ra c thm quyn quyt nh vic pht hnh cc bi vit (chnh thc xut bn ln Website hay khng)
Phn quyn Joomla! hu snh (back-end) phn hu snh, Joomla! chia lm 3 nhm ti khon vi 3 mc quyn hn khc nhau: Manager (Ngi qun l): L ti khon c quyn thc hin cc thao tc qun l c bn (qun l menu, qun l bi vit...). Administrator (Qun tr vin): L ti khon c quyn thc hin mi thao tc, tr vic qun l thng tin cu hnh h thng, qun l giao din, qun l ngn ng, qun l cc ti khon siu qun tr. Super Administrator (Siu qun tr): L ti khon c c quyn cao nht, c th thc hin mi hnh ng.
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CCH CI T EXTENSIONS
bt u ci t mi mt extension bn vo menu Extension > Install/Uninstall. Trang web mi m ra c tn l Extension Manager. S dng tab Install phc v cho vic ci t mi mt Extension.
Cu trc gi ci t Extension c ng gi di dng *.zip, bn trong n c nhiu file khc nhau, v vic tm hiu cu file ny s dnh cho phn Joomla Nng Cao ca cun sch ny. Cc hnh thc ci t C 4 cch ci t m bn c th s dng ci mt extension mi nh sau :
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Ci t URL dn n file iu ny c ngha l bn c mt URL dn n file ZIP, thay v download v th bn ch cn nh URL ny. Trong phn Install from URL bn hy in n vo trong Install URL v bm nt Install. Qu trnh download v chuyn file ln server s c tin hnh trong vi pht. Tuy nhin s dng c tnh nng ny i hi bn phi cu hnh FTP cho website ca mnh. cu hnh FTP bn vo Site > Global Configuration> Tab System, trong phn FTP Setting bn khai bo cc thng s sau y.
m bo chn Yes cho Enable FTP bt tnh nng FTP cho website. FTP Host: L a IP hoc host name FTP dn n server FTP. V d ti c a ch server ca ti l ftp.byethost.com chng hn. Thng thng s dng IP. FTP Port: mc nh l 21 FTP Username : Tn ti khon dng ng nhp server FTP Password : Mt khu ng nhp FTP Server. FTP Root: ng dn n th mc cha web trn server. Lu ng dn ny l tng i. Ci t bng th mc TMP Tmp l th mc lu tm thi trong th mc ci t ca Joomla. Trong bi ny ti s minh ha ci mt Extension bng cch gii nn gi ci t thnh mt th mc, sau bn copy th mc ny vo th mc /Joomla15/tmp. V d ti s c th mc ABC cha gi ci t extension. Khi bn quay tr vo Install extension, trong vng Install From Directory, in ng dn ny vo /Joomla15/tmp/ABC, v bm Install. Ci t t gi ci t chnh l ni dung trong vng Upload Package File. Vn l chng ta cn c mt gi ci t dng Zip, sau bm Browse ch n ni lu tp tin ny trn my tnh, v bm Upload File and Install. Qu trnh upload s t ng, v tin hnh ci t. Upload bng giao thc FTP Cc bn s thc mc l cc file m chng ta upload ln nm u. By gi bn m th mc /Joomla15 ln th xem sao. Trong y bn s tm thy cc th mc Modules, Plugins, Components, Templates, Languages ng vi mi th mc nh vy l ni lu tr ca mt thnh phn m rng. Nh vy cch th 4 ci t cc thnh phn m rng l bn hy dng 79 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
giao thc FTP ti ln cc gi ci t vo v tr tng ng. Tuy nhin bn cn xc nh tn ca n cho chnh xc. Trong c ba cch ci t th cch ci th ba, tc l upload mt package ln ri ci t th d dng nht. V ti khuyn bn nn chn cch th ba.
BI 2: TEMPLATE
Sau khi c cho mnh mt trang web, chng ta bt u c tham vng lm mt trang web p. im mnh ca Joomla chnh l ch cc bn c th xy dng mt template c lp, thay v phi xy dng li t u. chnh l u im ca web ng. Sau khi ci t trang web xong Joomla cung cp cho chng ta ba template mu, rt n gin. Nhng cng t ba template ny chng ta c th pht trin ln thnh template ring ca chng ta.
HNG DN CI T TEMPLATE
Bc 1: Download template cho Joomla Bn c th tm template cho Joomla! bng t kha "Joomla template", "Template Free" and "Joomla" ... tm mt template ph hp. Bc 2: Tin hnh ci t M menu Extensions -> Install/Uninstall
Nhn ln nt Browse..., chn template m bn va download (c ng gi trong mt file zip hoc gz) sau nhn ln nt Upload file & Install
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Bc 3: Thit lp template mi ci t thnh template mc nh Vo Extensions > Template Manager qun l cc template ti y. C dng dng template c phn bit r l Template cho ngi dng nm tab Site v template cho admin tab Administrator
dng template no bn nh du check vo tn ca template v bm Default. Bm vo mt template, hoc check n v bm Edit, th mt trang web vi cc ty chn cho template s hin ra. Ty vo template m n nhng ty chn no.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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CU TRC GI CI T CA TEMPLATE
Mt gi ci t template Joomla gm cc file bt buc sau: Index.php templateDetails.xml Template_css.css hoc template.css Template_thumbnail.png
File "index.php" File ny gm cc m lnh PHP, th <head>, th <body> v cc bng <table> hoc cc th <div> nh v cc module v to nn b cc ca template. File "templateDetails.xml" c s dng trong qu trnh ci t. File ny cha cc thng s v template v gip Joomla! bit c trong qu trnh ci t cn to cc th mc v truyn cc file css, php, nh no ln th mc templates. File "template_css.css" hoc "template.css" Joomla 1.0.x s dng file template_css.css cn Joomla 1.5 s dng file template.css. y chnh l CSS chnh ca Joomla. File ny kt hp vi index.php to nn template. File "template_thumbnail.png" File ny chnh l nh chp minh ha ca template. N gip bn d hnh dung khi la chn template hoc trong phn qun tr hoc mt tin ca Website (nu bn cho php mi ngi c th ty chn template) Cc th mc v file khc. Ngoi cc file chnh ni trn trong gi ci t template c th c thm th mc CSS cha cc file CSS b sung, th mc nh cha cc nh c s dng cho template, th mc javascript cha cc javascript (nu c)...
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BI 3: MODULE
ci t mt module bn cng thc hin tng t nh ci mt extension thng thng. Vn u tin l bn cn tm v ti v nhng module mnh cn thit. Bn c th tm v ti cc module t http://extensions.joomla.org Bn vo Extension > Module Manager qun l cc module. Chng ta cn bn lun v v tr ca cc module ny trn website ca mnh. xem v tr ca cc module trn template bn ch cn thm on "?tp=1" hoc "index.php?tp=1" sau vo pha sau tn domain ca bn. V d http://localhost/joomla15/?tp=1
Tr li trang qun l module bn c th tc hoc m mt module bng cch chn tt hoc m thuc tnh Enable.
Module cng c chia thnh hai loi, loi dnh cho trang web gi l Site v loi dnh cho admin gi l Administrator.
TO MI MT MODULE
to mi bn chn New, tip tc chn mt module bn mun to ra, phi ci t module trc th mi c trong y.
Module Type: Ci ny bn khng sa, n cho bit loi module bn chun b to ra. Title: Bn in vo tiu ca module. Position: Chn v tr ca module ny trn website. Bn quan st tip vng Menu Assignment, vng ny nh ngha nhng ni s xut hin module. Chn All cho tt c, None khi khng cho xut hin, Seclect Menu chn tng menu khc nhau.
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Chng ta cn c vng Paramenters vi cc thng s thit lp. Ty vo loi module m c cc ty chn khc nhau. Khi qua bi s dng module thc t bn s hiu r cc thng s. Tn loi module (Module type) v tn th mc cha module phi trng nhau, v bt buc tin t Mod_ u.
BI 4: PLUGIN
Cng tng t nh Module bn vo Extension > Plugin Manager qun l cc plugin ca mnh, Nhng khc vi module l plugin ch c mt duy nht. Bn khng ti no tm thy nt New to mi mt plugin c. Bn ch c mt cng vic i vi plugin l Enable n ln khi cn thit. Bng cch check vo vo ct Enable. Vic s dng plugin v cng cnh gic, v n l mt on m chy nn bn trong trang web, nn y chnh l ni m hacker ngm ngm tng cng. iu ny cng ging nh virus trn my tnh. Nu khng cn thn c th bn s ci vo mt plugin cha m thc thi nguy him.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
I : Banner
Banner l component dng qun l vic ng qung co trn trang web ca bn. iu ny xut pht t nhu cu thc t khi trang web ca bn mun tng doanh thu t vic qung co. 1 : Cc cp qun l Cng ging nh mt Article, trc khi to ra mt bng qung co trn ln trang web th bn cn c cc cp pha trn n qun l. banner ta c cc cp Categories, Client, Banner. Tuy nhin gia Categories v Client khng c quan h vi nhau,c hai cng c mt lin kt vi Banner. 2 : to mt bng qung co Thc hin theo tng bc sau : To Categories : Vo Componetns > Banner > Categories.
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Bm New bt u to qung co mi. Name: L tn cho bng qung co ny. Category: Tr n categories thch hp Client name: Tn t chc khch hng. Banner Images: Chn n tm anh cn ang lm qung co. Click URL: ng dn n trang web khi click vo qung co. ng qung co Vo qung l Module, chn New mt module mi. 87 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Chn loi module cn thm l Banner in trn cho module, v v tr ca n. Chn Banner Client v Category thch hp.
II: Contacts
Contacts l component dng trong vic qun l danh sch a ch lin h. Vic qun l a ch lin h cng c phn loi theo Category, nn vic u tin bn cn lm l to Category. Bn vo Components > Contacts > Categories, chn New to mi category. Tip tc vo Components > Contacts > Contacts, chn New thm thng tin lin h mi. Hai thng s cn ch l Category bn nh chn n category thch hp. Thng s Link to User gip bn lin k n user ng k trn website. V mt iu v cng quan trng l chng ta phin in thng tin lin h trong vng Information.
Hin th Feeds: To xong feed th n cha c hin th ngay m cn thng qua mt module c tn l Mod_Feed. Bn vo phn qun l module, thm mi mt module c tn l Feed Display.
IV: Polls
Plols l cng c to kho st trc tuyn, v d nh bn chun h to kho st sau: Bn l sinh vin thuc khoa no? Khoa Mng My Tnh & Truyn Thng Khoa Phn Mm Khoa Khoa Hc My Tnh Khoa K Thut My Tnh Khoa H Thng Thng Tin
u tin vo Componetns > Polls, chn New bt u to mt Poll mi. in tn cho poll v cng l cu hi trong Title. Mt thng s cn lu l Lag, y c ngha l khon thi gian gia hai ln bnh chn ca mt ngi dng, n v tnh l giy.
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Cng vic cha xong, bn cn to mt module hin th poll ny ra trang ch. M trang qun l module, chn New mt module kiu Poll.Trong vng Paramenters bn cn phi chn n poll to ra trn. ng qun chn v tr cho module. Sau cng th cng xong, bn c th xem kt qu.
V: Search
Component ny cho php qun l vic tm kim bi vit ca ngi khch tham quan gh qua website ca bn. Vi d bn vo trang web, g mt t kha vo Search, ri quay li Components >Search xem kt qu.
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u tin bn cng vo Components > Web Links > Categories, chn New thm mt danh mc mi. Sau vo Web Links > Link, chn New mt link mi.
Lm th no hin th trang nhng lin kt ny ln trang ch? Chng ta s tm hiu vic ny sau, trong bi gii thiu v Menu.
BI 6: TO V QUN L MENU
Menu l nhu cu khng th thiu ca website. Bn c th to mt menu n gin, hoc tinh hn bn cng c th to ra menu c hiu ng chuyn ng p mt. Tt c cng vic t to menu, n qun l menu u c thc hin trong menu Menus > Menus Manager. Ti y chng ta thy cc menu do d liu mu to ra. Chng ta s kho st vi ty chn trong phn Menu Manager ny: Published: cho bit cc lin kt c trong mt menu. Modules: Cho bit s module ang s dng menu. Type: cho bit loi menu
To Menu
Sau y bn hy thc hin theo cc bc sau, to ra mt menu mi. To danh mc menu: Vo Menus > Menus Manager, chn New to ra mt menu mi. in cc thng s yu cu sau:
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Unique Name: y l tn nh danh, n khng c trng nhau gia cc menu. Title: Tn ca menu Description: M t cho menu Module Title: Tiu u ca module. Thm cc thnh phn cho menu:
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lm iu ny bn chn vo biu tng Menu Items, hoc vo menu Menus > chn tn menu trong danh sch. Chn New mt thnh phn mi, ti y chng ta c kh nhiu la chn cho lin kt ca menu. Chng ta cng kho st qua mt s loi nh sau: Internal Link: Tp hp nhng loi lin kt bn trong h thng. Archive: Lin kt n mt trang lu tr. Article: Lin kt n bi vit. Category : Lin kt n category. Section: Lin kt n section Contacts: Lin kt n mt a ch lin h to trong component Contacts. Polls: Lin kt n mt poll to trong component Polls Web Links: Lin kt n mt web link to trong Component Web Links. External Link: Lin kt n mt trang web bn ngoi. Mi khi bn ci t mi mt Component s c nhng loi lin kt khc nhau c tao ra. Hin th menu ln trang web: Mi mt menu s tng ng vi mt module c to ra mt cch t ng hin th n ln trang ch. Module ny c to ra c tn m bn khai bo trong Module Title lc to mi module, by gi ch vic m n trang qun l module bn enable n ln.
MENU c Bit
chnh l menu ch xut hin khi ngi dng ng nhp ti khon ca mnh ng k. Mt tnh hung sau y kh hu ch cho cc bn, bn to mt website tin tc, v c cng tc vin khp mi ni, h s post bi vit v cho bn. Lm th no? u tin bn to mt menu mi c tn l User Menu. Tip theo bn to cc Item theo bng sau:
Menu Item Your Details Access Level Registered Type User User
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Articles Form
Article
chnh l vi v d cho menu c bit, bn c thy cc la chn menu c bit trong lc to Item Menu.
To DropDown Menu
Dropdwond menu c ngha l mt menu x xung, khi bn r chut vo menu cha. iu ny rt tuyt vi i vi mt trang web c nhiu chuyn mc. lm c iu ny chng ta cn s h ca mt module c tn l SuperfishMenu. Bn c th tm v ti module ny trn trang web http://joomlacode.org/gf/project/superfishmodule/frs u tin bn hy to mt menu mi c dng cha-con. lm iu ny bn cng to menu nh bnh thng, nhng lu khi to Item Menu, trong vng Parent Item hy chn mt menu l parent cho n. Tuy nhin, bn nh khng cho hin th module n menu ny. Tip theo, vo qun l module sau khi ci xong Superfishmenu. Bn s tm thy mt module cha c enable c tn l Superfish Menu, hy enable n ln, v chn vo n hnh. Trong vng Module Paramenters, chc chn rng bn chn ng tn menu cn s dng lm dropdown menu trong trng Menu Name.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Mt s ty chn hin th khc: Superfish Menu Style: Ti y c nhiu kiu la chn cho kiu menu dropdown, c th l Item x xung theo chiu dc (Horizontal), hay chiu ngang (Nav-Bar) Animation: Hiu ng xut hin ca mi item khi bn r chut n menu parent ca n.
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Count: S link ti bi vit c hin th, mc nh l 5, bn c th thay i cho ph hp vi website. Section ID v Categoty ID: Hai thng s ny tr n section v category bn mun lc thng tin.
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I: HNG DN T VIT HA
Vit ha phn tin snh front-end (pha ngi s dng) Cc gi ngn ng phn tin snh ca Joomla! 1.5 c lu trong th mc "\language". Gi ngn ng ting Anh s c lu trong th mc "\language\en-GB". Trong th mc ny li c cc file sau: index.html: trnh cc hacker lit k cc file v th mc. en-GB.xml: M t cc thng tin lin quan ti gi ngn ng. en-GB.ignore.php: Danh sch cc k t b qua khi tm kim. en-GB.ini: File ngn ng chnh ca Joomla! en-GB.com_xxx.ini: File ngn ng cho component c tn l com_xxx. en-GB.mod_xxx.ini: File ngn ng cho module c tn l mod_xxx. en-GB.plg_xxx.ini: File ngn ng cho cc plugin c tn lin quan. .. to gi ngn ng ting Vit. Chng ta lm nh sau: Bc 1. To th mc cha gi ngn ng ting Vit: "\language\vi-VN" Bc 2. Copy ton b cc file trong th mc "\language\en-GB" ti th mc "\language\viVN" Bc 3. Thay phn tin t ca tn cc file ting Anh (en-GB) bng tin t ca file ting Vit (vi-VN). Ngha l ta c cu trc th mc cha gi ngn ng ting Vit nh sau: \language\vi-VN\ ---------------\index.html ---------------\vi-VN.xml ---------------\vi-VN.ignore.php ---------------\vi-VN.ini ---------------\vi-VN.com_xxx.ini ---------------\vi-VN.mod_xxx.ini ---------------\vi-VN.plg_xxx.ini
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Bc 4. Thay file "vi-VN.xml", "vi-VN.ignore.php" bng 2 file nh km sau: http://www.vinaora.com/joomla/download/Joomla_Vietnamese_Language_Pack_1_5.zip Bc 5. M cc file *.ini bng trnh son tho Notepad++ (khuyn co). Bc 6. Chn nh dng (m menu Format) khi lu cc file ny: "UTF-8 without BOM" (lu cc k t ting Vit nhng khng chn thm k t nh du UTF-8 u file). Bc 7. Tin hnh Vit ha. Thay cc t/cm t ting Anh bng t/cm t ting Vit tng ng. Vit ha phn hu snh back-end (pha ngi qun tr) Gi ngn ng ting Anh ca phn hu snh Joomla! c lu trong th mc "administrator\language\en-GB". Vic Vit ha c tin hnh tng t nh phn tin snh front-end ca Joomla!.
Tin hnh ci t hai gi ngn ng ny nh ci mt extension bnh thng. Vo menu Extensions > Languages Manager. Trong tab Site chn ngn ng Viet Nam, ri bm Default. Lm tng t cho tab Administrator chn gi ting Vit cho giao din Admin.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Reset li trang ch s thy ting vit xut hin. Tuy nhin cn lu l vic Vit ha ny ch vit ha phn giao din, cn c s d liu, tc l bi vit vn cn l ting Anh.
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Gn y AVIM cn c pht trin thnh module cho FireFox v Yahoo Messenger. Thc hin ci t b g AVIM: Bc 1: Download AVIM bn mi nht Blog ca tc gi: Hieu's Blog Download link: http://sourceforge.net/ Bc 2: Thit lp cc thng s M file AVIM (VD: AVIM20070613.js) m bn va download v v sa cc thng s sau (nu mun) method=0 //Cch g ting Vit, 0=T ng, 1=TELEX, 2=VNI, 3=VIQR on_off=1 //1=Bt b g, 0=Tt b g dockspell=1 //1=C kim tra chnh t, 0=Khng kim tra chnh t dauCu=1 //1=B du kiu c (o`a, o`e, u`y) useCookie=1 //1=C s dng Cookie, 0=Khng s dng cookie
Bc 3: Upload file AVIM ln Joomla Upload AVIM ln th mc Joomla: t trc tip vo th mc Joomla
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(nh thay http://vinaora.com = Website ca bn) Bc 5: Nhng AVIM vo phn qun tr Nu l Joomla 1.5: m file index.php trong th mc "administrator\templates\khepri" Nu l Joomla 1.0.x: m file index.php trong th mc "administrator\templates\joomla_admin" Sau lm tng t nh bc 4 Bc 6: Chy th M Website ca bn. VD: http://vinaora.com F12: bt/tt b g F9: thay i kiu g (lun phin T ng, Telex, VNI, VIQR) F8: bt/tt ch kim tra chnh t. F7: bt/tt ch b du theo kiu c ("a", "y"...).
Bn tm v ti module mod_vavim ti a ch http://joomlacode.org/gf/project/vinaora_avim/frs/ Sau khi ti v bn c mt module, hy tin hnh ci t nh extension bnh thng. Sau bt n ln vi vi thng s cu hnh sau: Style: Chn ch hin th cho module nh y (full), dng la chn x xung (Drop Down List), n lun (Hide) Input Method: Ch g mt nh khi ngi dng khng tc ng.
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Do database
Bn cn kim tra phin bn MySQL (ti thiu: 4.1.x) Khi to database cn chn "MySQL connection collation": utf8_general_ci
th phi chc chn rng dng nh ngha bin ISO trong file ngn ng language\xxx.php phi l
DEFINE('_ISO','charset=utf-8');
Nu c dng:
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=xxx" />
Vi module ny chng ta c th to ra mt slide show trnh chiu nh. Bn ti module ny t a ch http://tinyurl.com/mod-jaslideshow ri tin hnh ci t vo Joomla. Vic u tin bn phi lm l chun b mt th mc cha nh s lm slide show. V d ti s to t mc images\stories\abc cha nh. M trnh qun l module, tm n module JA Slideshow2 hin gi ang b disable. Bt n ln, v cu hnh nh sau: Image folder: Bn t ng dn n th mc cha nh, v nh rng y l ng dn trn website. Main Item width/height: Xc nh chiu di v rng cho khung hin th. Effect: Chn hiu ng cho phin trnh din nh. 101 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
III: JA TABS
Vi module ny chng ta c th to ra nhng tab cha ni dung bn trong. V d nh khi bn truy cp vo trang web tin tc, bn thy c cc tab nh m Nhc, in nh, Th Thao, v khi r chut qua mi tab th ni dung tin tc tng ng s hin ra. bt u bn ti Ja Tabs v v ci t. Trc tin bn cn lm hai cng vic l to trang ni dung bn trong, v hin th tab ra bn ngoi. Ni dung bn trong c th l mt bi vit, hoc l mt module khc. y tt nht l module, v trong chng ta c th ty bin cao hn. Ging nh khi bn r chut qua tab m Nhc th hng lot nhng tin mi nht v m nhc s hin ra, ch khng phi ch c mt tin. Nh vy ni dung bn trong lc l mt module hin th tin mi nht (xem li bi trc bit cch to module ny). Ban to s module tng ng s l s tab c hin th trong module Ja Tabs. V tr t ca cc module ny phi cng mt v tr, m v tr khng c trn giao din hin ti. bit c nhng v tr no trn trang web bn thm ?tp=1 vo sao a ch, v d http://hontrithucviet.org/?tp=1 xem. Cu hnh cho module Ti v v ci t Ja Tabs ti http://www.joomlart.com/addons/components_and_modules/ja_tabs.html module Ja Tabs va ci ln v cu hnh n. By gi bn bt
Type tabs: chn Modules s dng module lm ni dung bn trong, Article ID dng bi vit. y chng ta chn l Modules. Select a position: Chn n v tr lu cc module ni dung. Sau chng ta c th xem kt qu. y l vi d ti lm
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Bn c th tm v ti module ny t trang web Extension ca Joomla. Sau khi ti v bn tin hnh ci t n, cho n hin th mt v tr thch hp. Mt vi thng s cu hnh ng lu tm c th nhc n nh sau: Utiliser les effets mootools: Nu chn non trong thng s ny th menu to ra khng c mt hiu ng no ht. c hiu ng bn phi chn oui.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Mooduration: L khon thi gian tnh bng mili giy, quy nh thi gian hin th ca mt popup khi khng r chut qua. Qu thi gian gian ny th popup s bin mt. MooMenu Transtion: y l thng s tuyt vi nht, bi n s quyt nh hiu ng ca menu sau khi to ra, bn th chn ln lt tng ty chn v xem hiu ng c c. MooMenu Transtion Ease: Cng tng t nh trn, nhng hiu ng y l hiu ng mt i.
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BI 2: TO V QUN L COMMENTS
GII THIU V CI T
Comment dng ghi kin c gi l iu khng th thiu i vi mt website tin tc. Trong bi ny chng ta s c bit cch s dng component thc cng vic to mt phn vit comments cui bi vit, km theo l vic qun l cc comment ny. Component c s dng c tn l !Joomla Comment c chnh Joomla pht trin. Bn c th ti component ny t trang web http://compojoom.com Sau khi ci t bn vo menu Components s thy xut hin mt ty chn !JoomlaComment.
ng thi m trang web, pha di mi intro text bi vit s xut hin thm dng Write comment Cn trong bi vit chi tit th xut hin thm mt vng vit comment.
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QUN L COMMENTS
By gi th vit mt comment ti mt trang bt k, ri vo trong !JoomlaComment > !JoomlaComment > Manage Comments Nhn c mt trang qun tr comments
Ti y c th bit tn ngi vit, ngy vit, bi vit, a ch IPBn c quyn tt comment i, khng cho hin th trn trang web na. Bn c th mail cho tc gi ca comment ny
CU HNH
Vo Content Settings chnh mt s thit lp c bn sau : Tab General : Ta c mt thit lp ng ch l Exclude/Include, nu bn chn cho thuc tnh ny l Include th nhng Section v Category bn chn bn di, trong trng Exclude/Include sections v Exclude/Include categories s c php vit comment. Nu chn Exclude th ngc li, tc s khng c vit comment vo section v category . Tab Security : Only registered: Chn Yes th ch c nhng thnh vin ng k vi trang web mi c vit comment, chn No th ai cng c vit. Autopublish comments: Chn Yes trong trng hp bn mun comment t hin th, khng cn ch bn duyt. Moderator groups: Chn ra mt nhm c quyn qun l comment t trang web, tc h s thy c thm cc nut nh delete, edit Captcha Enabled: Chn Yes yu cu ngi dng nhp mt s ngu nhin trong hnh (gi l Captcha) khi post bi vit ln. Captcha Usertypes: ch nh nhm ngi dng no b p t phi g captcha ny. Tab Posting : Dng nh ngha cc thnh phn ca trang posting, tc l phn vit comment. Number of comments by page: S comment trn mi trang. UBB code support: C h tr UBB code hay khng. l g ? Chng ta th m li trang comment, nu trng ny chn Yes ta s c kt qu
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Nh vy UBB code y chnh l nh dng cho text. Nu khng h tr th ngi dng ch c vit text thun n gin. Tab Layout : Dng ty chnh giao din ca trang post comment. Standard template: Bn c th chn mt template kiu HTML nh nh nga sn. Tng ng vi n s c nhng nh dng CSS ring. Nu bit v lp trnh HTML v CSS bn cng c th t vit. Emoticon pack: Chn gi biu tng cm xc. Show "Read On": Nu chn NO th trong phn intro text ca mi bi vit s khng thy cu Write comment na.
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y c t chc nng, by gi chng ta c nhu cu m rng trnh son ny, s dng nhiu chc nng hn trong cng vic son tho nh vic chn nh, chnh sa nh, nh dng front ch, c chChng ta s s dng trnh son tho khc c tn l JCE. Bn c th ti trnh component ny t a ch http://www.joomlacontenteditor.com
Khc vi nhng component khc, s dng JCE bn phi ti v hai thnh phn. Mt l component chnh, v mt l gi thnh phn km theo ca n. Gi thnh phn ny s cha nhng tin ch phc v cho vic son bi vit. Ngoi ra cn c cc plugin khc hu ch b sung cho vic s dng trnh son tho JCE. Khi ci t JCE bn cn cu hnh li website s dng trnh son tho JCE thay cho trnh son tho mt nh ca Joomla. Bn vo Site > Global Configuration, trong trng Default WYSIWYG Editor bn chn li l JCE 1.5.6.
cn nhm nhng ngi dng ny vo mt group, sau d s p quyn s dng JCE xung cho tng i tng l khc nhau. JCE h tr chng ta lm iu trong Groups ca JCE Control Panel. Bm New bt u to nhm v phn quyn cho nhm. t tn nhm trong trng Name, thm vi dng ch thch trong trng Description. Trong vng Restrictions bm nt Add user trong trng User thm nhng thnh vin mi vo nhm. Chuyn qua tab Editor Paramenters, chng ta nh ngha giao din cho vng son tho vn bn trong vng Editor Settup nh kch thc, mu scChng ta c thm vi ty chn trong vng Editor Options nh cho php chy scrip hay khng, c s dng CSS hay khng Chuyn qua tab Layout, y l phn quan trng nht. Ti y bn quyt nh group ny s s dng c nhng cng c g cho vic son tho vn bn. Bn thy c hai phn l Available Plugins/Buttons v Current Editor Layout Vng trn l nhng plugin bn ang c, ko th n xung vng di cho php group s dng nhng cng c ny.
Bn c th tm thm nhiu plugin hay khc phc v cho vic bin son ti liu ti trang web http://www.joomlacontenteditor.com
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HNG DN CI T
Bc 1: Download Virture Mark ti a ch http://virturemark.net Ti y c nhiu gi ci t. Bn ch download gi full. Trong gm c 1 component, 10 module v 2 plugin. Km theo na l mt ti liu hng dn bng ting Anh.
Bc 2: Gii nn gi va download, ci component trc, ri n cc module v plugin. Khi ci t component lu chn Install SAMPLE DATA ci d liu mu nu bn ang thc hnh s dng.
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Khi ci module chng ta c th la chn, nhng iu cn thit nht l phi ci mt module chnh c tn l mod_virturemart_1.4.1.j15
Khi ci t thnh cng ta c giao din lm vic ca chng trnh khi vo Components > Virture Mark
Virture Mark mc nh l ting Anh, v n s dng ngn ng c lu ti a ch ~\administrator\components\com_virtuemart\languages Bn c th m tng file trong th mc ny v t dch n sang ting vit. Tuy nhin, cng ng mng dch sn cho bn ri. Bn c th ti v ti a ch http://..... Bn c copy th mc languages cha ngn ng Vit ghi d ln th mc cha ngn ng l ting Anh. Lu , tht l bun ci khi bn ghi ri m giao din ca Virture Mark vn cn l ting Anh. ng ngt nhin, c phi bn ang chn giao din qun tr Admin ca Joomla ang l ting Anh, vy th, giao din ca Virture Mark l ting Anh l chuyn bnh thng.
S DNG CC MODULE
u tin l module bt buc phi c mod_virturemark s gip hin th sn phm. Tm module ny c trong Module Manager v bt n ln. Bn thy n c hin th, khi chn vo dnah mc hng ha th sn phm s xut hin.
Chng ta c th im qua mt s cng dng ca cc module khc nh sau: mod_product_categories: Hin th danh mc ca sn phm mod_productscroller: Dng ko sn phm trn mt thanh trt
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
mod_virtuemart_allinone: Hin th sn phm bn chy nht, ni bc nht. mod_virtuemart_cart: To mt gi hng mini, bn c th ko sn phm th vo gi hng . mod_virtuemart_currencies: Hin th cc loi tin t m website c h tr. mod_virtuemart_featuredprod: Hin th sn phm tiu biu ca ca hng mod_virtuemart_latestprod: Hin th sn phm mi nht mod_virtuemart_login: Cung cp form ng nhp mod_virtuemart_manufacturers: Danh sch nh sn xut mod_virtuemart_randomprod: Hin th sn phm ngu nhin 111 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
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I: CI T DOCMAN
Vic ci t Docman cng nh bao extension khc, tuy nhin, c mt im bt li m i khi bn s gp khi ci t phin bn Docman c, nh 1.4 chng hn. l vic khng tng thch vi phin bn hin ti ca Joomla. Nu bn ang s dng Joomla 1.5 th hy bt mt plugin c tn l System-Legacy m bo n tng thch vi cc phin bn extension dnh cho Joomla 1.4. Sau khi ci t xong bn vo Components > Docman > Home s thy giao din lm vic ca trnh qun l v chia s ti nguyn DocMan.
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Bc 1: To category Bn vo trang qun l Docman chn vo thumnail Categories, hoc l chn tab Categories.
Bm nt Add thm mi category. Vic thm category y cng ging bn thm category cho bi vit vy. Nhng c iu lu l trong Docman phn bit hai tn Category Title (tn hin th ra ngoi website) v Category Name (tn dng trong Docman)
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Upload a file from your computer: Ti ln t my tnh ca bn. Transfer a file from.: Chuyn mt file t server khc n server ca bn. Link a file from: Lin kt n mt file server khc. Hai ch Transfer v Link c g khc nhau?. Vi Transfer n s ti file t ng link m bn cung cp, ri lu li trn server ca bn, vi mt ng link khc. Vi Link n ch lin kt n ng dn c cung cp, file khng c server ca bn.
y ti s chn Upload a file from your computer ti mt file t my tnh ca ti ln server. Bm nt Next tip tc. Bm nt Browse tm n file cn ti ln trn my tnh. Bm nt Submit bt u ti file ln. Bn nhn thy c ty chn Batch Mode, nu chn vo y v file bn ti ln c dng *.zip th ngay lp tc n b gii nn ra v cha trong mt th mc. Vic ny tht s c khi bn mun upload nhiu file cng lc.
Bc 3: To mt ti liu mi (documents) Sau khi ti xong file c ba ty chn : Make a new document entry using this file ( to mt ti liu mi t file va upload ln), Upload more (tip tc vi vic ti file ln), Display Files (xem cc file upload). to ti liu mi bn chn ty chn u tin. Hoc bn chn vo tab Documents, sau bm New. Sau nhp tn cho ti liu ny trong trng Name, thm vi dng ch thch trong trng Description. Chn category lu tr trong trng Category. Chn yes cho Aprroved v Published xut bn ti liu ny ln cho mi ngi xem v ti v.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Bn di, tab Document, trng file bn chn n file ti, tng ng vi nhng g bn khai bo. 115 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Chuyn qua Tab Permissions, dng nh ngha quyn cho ti liu ny. C hai quyn l Viewer (xem), v Maintainer (chnh sa). Vi mi quyn bn chn n nhm tng ng trong ty chn x xung. Xong bm nt Save. n y bn thy n xut hin trong khung qun l ti liu ca mnh, nhng n cha xut hin trang web.
Bc 4 : To menu lin kt n trang ti liu V d y ti s to mt lin kt trong Main Menu c tn l Ti Nguyn dn n trang chia s ti nguyn ca ti. Bn vo trong menu Menus, chn Main Menu (hoc bt k menu no bn mun). Bn chn New mt menu mi, khi trong bc Select Menu Item Type bn thy xut hin thm mt lot mi l Docman. Thm mt Item menu nh bnh thng. Sau Refresh li trang ch s thy xut hin Item Ti Nguyn trong Main Menu. M vo n bn s c mt trang chia s ti liu tuyt vi.
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in vo tn nhm v m t cho nhm trong trng Group v Description. thm thnh vin mi vo Group bn chn tn thnh vin trong vng Users avaliable ri bm nt Add (mi tn phi) n chuyn thnh vin qua vng Members in this group. Nh vy khi xut bn mt ti liu bn ch cn chn nhm tng ng s c ti ti liu nh trong hng dn ca phn trn.
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Cn y l giao din mi m ti va tm c
Nu bn khng thch giao din ting Anh ca Docman bn c th t Vit ha n bng cch tm n th mc ~\administrator\components\com_docman\language, thay cc t nh ngha trong cc file *.php ca th mc ny.
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I: CI T KUNENA
Bn c th ti gi ci t components ny v nhiu module, plugin khc t trang web chnh http://www.kunena.com/ Sau khi ci t thnh cng, bn vo Component > Kenuna Forum s thy mt trang qun tr Kenuna nh hnh sau:
Bc 1: To mt forum mi c tn l Hc Tp. in tn forum ti Name, thm m t trong trng Description, v miu t s c hin th trn forum trong trng Forum Header. 119 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Public Access Level: thng s ny quyt nh bn c forum c c hin th trn trang web hay khng. Nu chn Everyone th tt c mi ngi u nhn thy, cn nu chn mt cp khc th ch c nhng thnh vin thuc cp c th xem forum ny. Bc 2: To cc danh mc con nh Kinh T, Du Lch, Cng Ngh Bn cng to nh bc 1, nhng ch thng s Parent chn ng tn ca forum lm forum cha, y l Hc Tp.
Bc 3: Kim tra li. Sau khi to xong bn m li trang qun l din n, v m bo cc thng s ng nh hnh sau:
m bo thng s Locked l Disable, v Published l Enable Bc 4: To menu lin kt n din n Cng ging nh Docman bi trc bn cn to mt lin kt khi m ngi dng bm vo y s dn n trang din n ca bn. Bn cng to Menu Item mi vi type l Kenuna Forum. PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B
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Cc thnh phn m rng ca Joomla tht s l rt bao la rng ln. Ti c ni n ht ngy thng ny th cng cha ht c. Thi th cc bn t t khm ph tip vy. Trang web dnh cho cc bn khm ph l http://extensions.joomla.org
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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Bt chc nng System Legacy Plugin Manager. Vo Extensions >>> Plugin Manager. Cun xung bn di qua trang s 2. v tr s 25 bt System Legacy
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S DNG MAIANMUSIC
Copy th mc nhac_hinh vo trong C:\AppServ\www\Joomla-Music
1 Cu hnh cho Maian Music Hin th Maian Music trang ch Chn Menus >> mainmenu
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Truy cp li administrator Vo Components >> Maian Music >> Settings a. Mc Website/General Settings Default Page chn Music. Music Store Name nhp tn site nhc ca bn.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
b. Mc Mp3 Player Configuration La chn giao din ca phn chi nhc ti trang ch 125 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
c. Mc MP3/Download Settings MP3 Folder Path : th mc cha file nhc MP3 Preview Folder Path : th mc cha file nhc mu ( ch dng khi lm site mua bn nhc)
d. 2 mc tip theo Paypal Settings : thit lp thanh ton qua h thng paypal. (khng cn quan tm) SMTP Settings : thit lp gi mail bng smtp (khng cn quan tm) e. Most Popular Text Gii thiu v trang nhc ca bn (Chnh sa ty ) Cun xung di cng nhp nt
2 Qun l Album ( Manage Albums ) Vo Components >> Maian Music >> Manage Albums.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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Artist : in tn ca s Album Name : Tn Album nhc Album Image URL : a ch hnh ca album Album Artwork (Zip File) : a ch file nn cha tt c cc hnh ca album ( khng cn thit ) Comments/Info : ch thch s qua v album Keywords : t kha tm kim Album Purchase Discount : ko cn thit nu bn ko lm site mua bn nhc Enable Album : nh chn Yes xut hin trang ngoi. Chn Add New Album thm mi 3 Thm bi ht mi (Add New Tracks )
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Track Name : Tn bi ht Add to Album : thm bi ht ny vo album no MP3 File Path : a ch file mp3 Preview File Path : ko cn thit ( trng ) Length of Track: thi gian ca bi ht Cost: gi thnh
Lu phi nhp y thng tin cc mc. Single Purchase: khi check vo nu ko mun lm trang mua bn. G thiu l khng add c bi ht
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Sau Khi thm bi ht xong c th ra trang ch kim tra. Vo a ch http://localhost/Joomla-Music/ nhp chn music
HIN TH CC BI HT MI NG
Vo administrator Extensions >> Module Manager
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M file vietnam.php bng DW. Chnh li ni dung ting anh thnh ting vit
Truy cp li administrator Vo Components >> Maian Music >> Settings chnh li ngn ng mc nh l vietnam.php
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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QUN L ALBUM
Sau khi ci t bn c giao din qun l nh sau
bt u bn cn to ra mt Category cha cc hnh nh, c th hnh dung n c ngha l Album ca bn. Bng cch chn vo Categories, bm nt Add thm mt Album mi. Bn nhp tn Album ti trng Title. C hai thng s trong trng Upload and Add User Rights (lit k nhng user c php thm nh mi vo trong album ny, v trng Delete and Publish User Rights (nhng user c kh nng xa (delete) hoc l ngng xut bn (public).
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a nh ln Bn tr li tab Images chn v ng nh, ti y bn cha c tm nh no, ng nh. Bm Multiple Add thm nh vo h thng.
C ba ch d upload, cho n gin bn chn ty chn u tin Upload. C th to thm mt floder khc cha album ny, bng cch vit mi trong trng Folder. Trong trng Category, bn cn ch ra album m bn mun a nh vo.
HIN TH ALBUM
hin th bn tao ra mt menu mi mang tn ca Poca, ti y bn c vi thng s, m ti ngh n dnh cho cc bn khm ph. 133 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
- Medium Thubmnail: Cu hnh cho nh lc bn chn mt tm nh hin th v xem mt tm. By gi ty chnh cc thng s width,height,color,image... to ra mt theme mi.
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BI 9: TO MENU VI SWMENUFREE
swMenuFree l tn mt tin ch mnh m gip bn to v ty chnh hin th menu, thay v ch c nhng menu n gin nh bn hc trong nhng bi trc. swMenu l component m rng dnh cho Joomla 1.5 tr v sau. u tin bn ti component ny t a ch http://www.swmenupro.com. Lu c hai phin bn cho sn phm, mt l free khng tr ph, vi nhng tnh nng b hn ch mt cht, cn li l phin bn Pro c ph vi y tnh nng hp dn. Tuy nhin, vi ngi mi s dng khng i hi cng vic cao cp th phin bn free qu y . Sau khi ci t thnh cng, bn vo Component > swMenuFree s n giao din l vic ca tin ch ny.
to menu vi chng trnh ny, bn ln lt qua 5 tab ca chng trnh. 1. Tab Menu Module Sttings: Thit lp c bn. Xem qu c kh nhiu thng s cu hnh lm bn c th b ri mc, tuy vy ch cn ch trng n mt vi thng s ng lu tm sau: t tn cho module hin ca menu ny ti trng Module Name. Chn menu s dng hin th trong trng Menu Source. Menu c to t cu hnh ca Joomla ti menu Menus Ty chn trong trng Menu Style cho php bn chn kiu hin th ca menu sp to ra. Trong kiu Trans Menu System s cho chng to menu c hiu ng p khi r chut qua. Module Position quy nh v tr hin th ca module sau khi to ra. Show Menu Module on Pages: Ti y bn chn nhng pages s c s xut hin ca module cha menu sp to ra. 2. Tab Size, Position & Offsets
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Vi nhng thng s cung cp trong Tab ny s gip bn ty chnh kch c cho vic hin th ca menu. C kh nhiu thng s, bn c th gia nguyn ly nhng gi tr mc nh. Hoc tham kho mt hnh hng dn bn di bit nhng thng bn chnh sa s nh hng n nhng g trn menu tng li ny.
Ti tab ny chng ta c nhng thng s ty chnh cho mu sc font, mu nn...Cng nh tab trc, bn cng c cung cp mt bng ch dn ngay bn di bit nhng thng s mnh chnh sa c nh hng n b phn no.
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4. Tab Fonts & Padding Nhng thng s ti y cho php bn ty chnh kiu ch, thay i khch thc font. ng thi bn cng c cung cp mt bn m t nhng v tr m sau khi bc tc ng vo s b thay i theo.
5. TabBorders & Efftects Tab ny cung cp nhng thng s ty chnh border (ng vin) cho h thng menu, ng thi cng c th chnh sa h thng menu.
Hin th menu:
Sau khi thit k xong h thng menu, by gi bn c th cho hin th n. Vic hin th menu ln n gian nh vic hin mt module, bi sau khi bm nt Save, th module c tn tng ng c to ra, vo Extensions > Module Manager kim tra iu ny.
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MP3 BROWSER
Bn c th ti plugin ny t a ch http://www.dotcomdevelopment.com v ci t vo trang web ca mnh. Cng vic u tin l to mt th mc dng cha nhc, th mc ny nm trong thc mc gc. V d y ti to mt th mc /songs, bn trong cha cc th mc tng ng vi cc album.
Cng vic tip theo l to nhng Section, Category tng ng cho vic lu bi ht ca mnh. to bn xem li nhng bi hc trc. Cui cng chn Album nhc vo bi vit, bn ch cn to bi vit tng ng, trong bi vit bn s dng code nh sau chn album.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
{music}[ng dn n th mc nhc]{/music} V d trong trng hp ny l {music}songs/Album1{/music} Sau khi hon tt chng ta c mt album nhc tuyt vi nh sau trong bi vit ca mnh.
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Ty Chnh
Vo Plugin Manager, tm n plugin c tn Mp3Browser, c vi thng s chng ta c th ty chn li c kt qu hin th p hn. ty chn s ct hin th trn trang web, bn chn on/off trong cc thng s Show Download Column, Show Size Column.... thay i tn cho cc ct bn i li tn trong cc trng Name Header, Download Header, Play Header... Ty chnh mu sc ti cc trng nh Table Header Color, Alt Row Color...v ty chnh chiu di, chiu cao ct ti cc trng Table Width, Header Height...
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Trong trang Export hin ra, bn c mc nh phn bn phi. Bn tri, m bo chn SQL trong vng Export. Ko xung pha di check vo Save as file
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Bm Go, s download v file *.zip cha trong l file *.sql. y chnh l ton b CSDL ca trang web. Tuy nhin n s khng th chy c nu thiu file h thng m chng ta backup trn. PHC HI WEBSITE Gii s website ca bn b tn cng, v by gi chng ta cn phc hi li. thc hnh, chng ta s to ra mt trang web mi, ging hon ton vi trang web c, nh l cch phc hi. Bc 1: Copy file h thng ca website sang mt th mc mi, tm t tn l Joomla2. Bc 2: To database mi, tm t tn l Joomla2_data. Bc 3: M PHPMyAdmin tm n Jooma2_data, bm nt Import. Tip tc bm Browse v chn n file *.sql sao lu phn trc. Bm nt Go, nu thnh cng s nhn c thng bo nh hnh bn di.
Bc 4: Ty chnh cu hnh trong file Configuration.php, nm trong th mc cha web. Tm n dng var $db = 'joomla_data'; vi joomla_data l tn CSDL c, thay n bng joomla2_data l tn ca CSDL mi.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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Bc 3: M file cu hnh Configuration.php, tm n dng var $dbprefix = 'jos_'; v thay bng $dbprefix = 'ilu_'; Bc 4: Xa CSDL c: M l PHPMyAdmin, tm n CSDL ca bn, bm vo Check All chn tt c table, trong khung chn With selected bn chn Drop
Bc 6: Kim tra li website c cn chy tt hay khng. 143 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Bc 1: To mt th mc b mt chng hn [Joomla]/secret Th mc ny nm cng mc vi th mc /administrator Lu : Bn hon ton c th s dng mt th mc c sn (chng hn th mc /language) < ?php $admin_cookie_code="abcdef123456"; setcookie("VinaoraAdminSession",$admin_cookie_code,0,"/"); header("Location: /administrator/index.php"); ?> Bc 2: To mt file "vinaora.php" trong th mc b mt trn vi ni dung sau: Bn nn i cp gi tr cookie "VinaoraAdminSession" & "abcdef123456" bng nhng chui k t bt k (gm k t ch ci v k t s) trnh hacker s dng cng c chn trc tip cookie trn vo trnh duyt. Bn cng c th s dng mt ci tn khc ch khng nht thit phi l "vinaora.php" :) Bc 3: Thm ni dung sau ti file ".htaccess" ca th mc /administrator RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/administrator RewriteCond %{HTTP_COOKIE} !VinaoraAdminSession=abcdef123456 RewriteRule .* - [L,F] Trong trng hp HOSTING ca bn khng h tr file .htaccess hy lin h vi b phn k thut c gip . Khi cn truy cp vo trang qun tr hy g ng dn: http://yoursite/secret/vinaora.php PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B
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VD: http://vinaora.com/secret/vinaora.php
BI 2: TI U HA WEBSITE
I: S DNG CACHING
Nu nh bn c mt website n gin v mi ngy ch c vi trm khch ving thm th bn khng cn quan tm ti bi vit ny. Cn nu bn nhn thy website ca bn lun np rt chm khi c nhiu ngi truy cp th bn cn bt tnh nng "debug" ca Joomla! v quan st xem c bao nhiu truy vn c thc thi. Trung bnh t 50 tr xung l n. Cn trong trng hp c hng trm truy vn th bn cn phi ch ti tnh nng cache ca Joomla! v tham s cache ca cc module. Tham s cache l g? y l mt tham s c bit trong Joomla. Khi tham s ny c bt, n s bo hiu cho Joomla to cache cho module v gip tng tc cho website. Ti sao li nh vy? Ly th d, module ca chng ta hin th 10 banner qung co mi nht. Nu l mt developer gii, ch cn 1 truy vn cho module , cn ngc li s mt 10 truy vn thc thi. ng bun l thc t th c rt nhiu module nh vy, c l do cc developer ch ch trng ti cc tnh nng v ch mun nhanh chng pht hnh sn phm ti cng ng m khng ch trng ti hiu sut thc thi. Tnh nng debug ca Joomla! Khi Joomla cache m-un, s ch mt mt ln truy vn khi trang cha module c np ln u. Cn khi c ngi th hai gh thm trang ny, n gin l Joomla ch cn li n t cache (mt file nm trong th mc /cache ca Joomla). Khng phi thc hin bt c truy vn no na v do vy gim ti cho my ch v tng hiu sut thc thi. Truy vn ch c thc hin li sau khi cache ht hn (theo mc nh ca Joomla l 900s) - bn c th thit lp li gi tr ny trong mc Site >> Global Configuration >> tab System
Sau khi bt tnh nng debug ca Joomla! bn s trng thy cc thng tin ging nh di y pha cui website.
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Profile Information Application Application Application Application Application Memory 16 queries logged Cch thm tham s Cache cho module Joomla Bc 1: Chnh sa file XML ca module Bn thm vo on m sau: <params group="advanced"> <param name="cache" type="list" default="1" label="Caching" description="Select whether to cache the content of this module"> <option value="1">Use global</option> <option value="0">No caching</option> </param> <param name="cache_time" type="text" default="900" label="Cache Time" description="The time before the module is recached" /> </params> Bc 2: Bt tnh nng cache ca module. Trong mi module bn vo Parameters > Advanced v ty chnh cu hnh trong .
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
MB MB MB MB MB 4702404
II: TI U HA DATABASE
Database c to ra mt cch t ng, v khi chng ta ci nhiu thnh phn m rng th nhng table trong database s tng ln. Khi bn g b mt thnh phn m rng i, i khi database ny s khng b g b. iu ny gy mt thi gian khi website truy vn n database. Nguyn tc u tin l bn hy tm n nhng table no khng s dng n v xa n i. Nguyn tc th hai l chng ta p dng php ti u ha database m trnh ngn ng d liu MySQL cho php. PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 146
Vi nguyn tc th nh: Bn vo trong qun tr PHPMyAdmin, chn n database ca website. Chng ta c ct Size cho bit dung lng ca d liu trong mi bn. Nu ct bng 0 th bn hy xa n i. Nhn qua ct Overhead cho bit bng no ang vt qu dung lng cho php. Bn suy xt xem bng c c dng trong website hay khng, nu khng th nn xa n i
Vi nguyn tc th hai: Bn cng vo trong qun tr PHPMyAdmin, chn database ca website, v check ht tt c cc table bng cch click vo Check All. K tip trong khung chn With Selected hy chn Optimize Table
Trc khi to ng dn thn thin th ng dn ca chng ta n mt bi vit chng hn s l http://localhost/joomla15/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5:joomla-licenseguidelines&catid=25:the-project&Itemid=2 Rt l phc tp phi khng, trong n bao gm nhiu thng tin nh section, category, tn bi vit y chng ta cn thy gi tr ID, chnh gi tr ny cng l con ng cho hacker tng cng vo website. Mt a ch di s lm thi gian truy tm a ch trn mng tng ln. ti u chng ta s gim trng a ch ny. Bn vo Site > Global Configuration, trong tab Site, tm n vng Seo Sttings, v chn YES trong trng Seatch Engine Friendly URLs.
Cc bc hng dn ng k host ti byethost nh sau: Bc 1: Truy cp vo a ch http://byethost.com xem pha trn v click vo Sign Up Now, mt bng yu cu thng tin hin ra, bn nhp thng tin, bm Registrer
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Bc 4: in tip m s xc thc mt ln na, bn s nhn c mt bng thng tin. 149 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Nhng thng tin nhn c ny lin quan n host m bn nhn c, n rt quan trng, v vy bn hy lu n li. Nu khng lu cng khng sao, v n cng ng thi c gi n email ca bn. Thng tin nhn c ch nhng thng tin sau: Username v password: Username c pht sinh ngu nhin, n khng phi l username m bn ng k bc 1. Thng thng c dng by_xxxxxxx, trong y_xxxxxx l s ngu nhin. i khi bn s qun con s ny. FTP Server: Thng thng c dng ftp.byethostx.com trong x l s ngu nhin. SQL Server: Cng l ngu nhin c dng sqlxxx.byethostxx.com , trong x cng l ngu nhin. Control Panel: L quan trng nht, nu khng nh nhng a ch trn bn c th xem li khi vo y. V y cng l ni qun l host ca bn. N l c nh c a ch http://cpanle.byethost.com hoc http://panel.byethost.com
Bc 5: ng nhp trang qun tr host ti a ch cpanel trn, v ng nhp ti khon c cung cp.
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Bc 2: Mt giao din qun l file m ra. trang web hot ng bn phi upload cc file h thng vo th mc htdocs. Bn d dng nhn thy mt file c tn l DO NOT UPLOAD FILE HERE nhc nh chng ta khng upload file vo th mc root.
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Bc 3: M htdocs v bm nt Upload ti file ln. Nhn ln file cc nt cng c bn d dng thao tc vi cc nt nh New dir, New file, Copy, Move 2: FTP Manager Giao thc FTP l giao thc truyn ti file thng dng nht hin nay. C rt nhiu phn mm gip chng ta qun l file qua giao thc FTP nh CuteFTPnhng phn mm ny c gi FTP Client. Nhng trong bi ny ti s hng dn cc bn s dng ngay trong Window ca mnh. n gin l cc bn s dng Windows Explorer. Bc 1: M Windows Explorer, ti thanh a ch g ftp://ftp.byethost24.com l a ch ca FTP server m bn ng k.
Bc 2: Trang thng tin ng nhp hin ra, bn nhp username v password n ftp server ng k vo. m bo l bn khng chn Log On Anonymously
Bc 3: y l qun l file theo giao thc FTP, bn thy n ging nh mt th mc bnh thng trong Windows. By gi vic upload tht n gin nh thao tc copy bnh thng trong windows. Tuy nhin b li n cng c nhiu khuyt im ca n, v khng thch hp cho ngi dng chuyn nghip. PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B
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Bc 2 : Chn tn min m bn mun ci website ca mnh ln . (V Byethost h tr bn to nhiu host c tn min khc nhau). Bm Proceed.
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Bc 3 : Chn source m bn mun ci t, chng ta chn Joomla 1.5.xx, y cn c nhiu web source khc nhau cho bn tha mi la chn. Chn web sourcre no bn bm Install Now bn cnh n.
Bc 4 : Chn th mc ci t. Nu bn mun ngi dng truy cp trc tip vo domain ca bn vo web th trng. Ti s gii thch k mt cht ch ny, v d bn c domain l http://dctuit.byethost24.com Nu bn b trng bc ny th website ca bn s l http://dctuit.byethost24.com Nhng nu bn t tn cho th mc, v d nh Joomla15 th website ca bn s l http://dctuit.byethost24.com/Joomla15
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
Bc 5 : Nhn thy thng tin website ci t thnh cng. Bn th truy cp website ca mnh, s thy website xut hin vi d liu mu. Thng tin bn cn nh li l SQL Database name used. V d y l b24_5012199_83232 PHIN BN TH NGHIM - LU HNH NI B 154
Bc 7: Xa b i CSDL c, vo to mt CSDL mi. xa bn chn tn CSDL trong phn Delete Database, ri bm Remove Database. to mi bn nhp tn mi phn Create a New Database, v bm Create Database. Lu rng tn mi to ra lun c tin t b24_5012119 pha trc tn m bn t.
Bc 8: Bm vo Admin cnh tn CSDL va mi to n vi trang qun tr PHPMyAdmin ca CSDL ny. Trang qun tr y ging vi trn local m bn thc hnh t nhng bi trc. Do ti khng ni nhiu na. 155 PHIN BN TH NGHIM LU HNH NI B
Bc 9: Import CSDL m bn to trn local vo y. Cc bc import c ti ni trong bi trc. Nu cha hiu bn hy tm li. Bc 10: M trnh qun l file theo cch no do bn chn. Upload nhng file cn thiu ln. Thng thng s thiu trong cc th mc Modules, Components, Plugins, Images, Language, Templates. bit file no cn thiu bn c ti ln ht, chng trnh s hin mt thng bo cc file tn ti, v bn chn script (b qua) nhng file c. Bc 11: Bn cn cu hnh li file Configuration.php. Hy m n ra bng ch edit ca Online File Manager cng c. Tm n dng var $db = 'b24_5012119_83232'; v thay b24_5012119_83232 bng tn CSDL mi v d ny l 'b24_5012119_abc' Bc 12: Truy cp th website ca bn xem c thnh cng hay khng. Nhiu bn ngh l ti sao khng Drop cc table trong CSDL c v import d liu mi, lm nh vy s khng phi chnh sa file Configuration.php na. iu ny s lm website khng hin th ting vit c. V CSDL t ng to ra khng h tr Unicode. i vi cc host khc c h tr ci t t ng th bn cng lm tng t. Nu khng c bn phi ti ln tt c cc file.
GIO TRNH THIT K WEB VI JOOMLA
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var $user = 'root'; Username ng nhp n SQL Server. Trong trng hp ca Byethost th c cung cp ri. V d var $user = 'b24_5012119'; var $db = 'databasename'; Tn ca CSDL. Bn nh ghi ng tn, v nh rng n c tin t mc nh ca nh cung cp dch v pha trc.V d var $db = 'b24_5012119_abc; var $password = '123456'; Khng cn ni nhiu th bn cng bit y l password dn n SQL Server. Lu n khng phi l mt khu admin ng nhp trang qun tr Web Joomla. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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LI CM N
Cm n cc bn dnh thi gian xem ht cun sch ny ca ti. Cha bit l bn c lm c website p hay khng, nhng bn c n dng ny chng t bn cng ang c mun tm hiu v Joomla. ng nn ch nu bn tht bi, hy tip tc khm nh. ng ngi lin lc vi ti nu bn gp rc ri. Tuy khng dm l s gip bn lm mt website tuyt p, nhng ti dm l bn s to website xem cng c.
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