ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

include people, procedures, hardware, software, data and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that demonstrated characteristics of intelligence.

Intelligence Behavior
the ability to learn from experiences and apply knowledge acquired from experience, handle complex situations, solve problems when important information is missing, determine what is important, react quickly and correctly to a new situation, understand visual images, process and manipulate symbols, be creative and imaginative, and use heuristics.

Turing Test
(developed by Alan Turing, a British Mathematician)

attempts to determine whether the responses from a computer with intelligent behavior are indistinguishable from responses from a human.

Specific characteristics of intelligent behavior:

1. Learn from experience and apply the knowledge acquired from experience. 2. Handle complex situations. 3. Solve problems when important information is missing. 4. Determine what is important.

Specific characteristics of intelligent behavior:

5. React quickly and correctly to a new situation. 6. Understand visual images. 7. Process and manipulate symbols. 8. Be creative and imaginative. 9. Use heuristics.

The difference between Natural and Artificial Intelligence

Attributes
Natural Intelligence
(Human) The ability to use sensors (eyes, ears, touch, smell) The ability to be creative and imaginative The ability to learn from experience The ability to be adaptive The ability to afford the cost of acquiring intelligence The ability to use a variety of information source The ability to acquire large amount of external information The ability to make complex calculations The ability to transfer information The ability to make a series of calculations rapidly and accurately HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW

Artificial Intelligence
(Machine) LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH

Major Branches of Artificial Intelligence

VISION SYSTEMS ROBOTICS

LEARNING SYSTEMS

EXPERT SYSTEMS

NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING

NEURAL NETWORKS

Major Branches of Artificial Intelligence 1. Robotics Involve developing mechanical or computer devices that perform tasks requiring a high degree of precision or that are hazardous for humans.

The Rover was a remote-controlled robot used by NASA to explore the surface of Mars.

Lucy
an orangutan robot, was a pure research project to develop some novel theories about the fundamental operating principles of the brain.

2. Vision Systems Include hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and manipulate visual images and pictures.

3. Natural language processing Computers understand and react to statements and commands made in a natural language, such as English.

4. Learning system Computer changes how it functions or reacts to situations based on feedback. 5. Neural network Computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of the human brain.

6. Expert Systems Consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to a human expert.

Presented by: RAJNISH KUMAR