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La Ingeniera Hidrulica: Aplicaciones no convencionales en reas no convencionales, avances en mtodos experimentales, mediciones de campo y modelamiento matemtico
Jorge D. Abad
Earth Processes & Environmental Flows (EPEF)
http://www.pitt.edu/~jabad/
Assistant Professor Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE) Dept. of Geology and Planetary Science (GPS) Center for Simulation and Modeling (SAM) Center for Latin American Studies (CLAS) : http://www.engr.pitt.edu/Civil/ : http://www.geology.pitt.edu/ : http://www.sam.pitt.edu/ : http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/clas/
University of Pittsburgh
From Coleman and Mapes, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC Earth Processes & Environmental Flows (EPEF)
Tertiary
Millions of Years
University of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh
Hugo Montoro
Capitn de Fragata Jefe del Servicio de Hidrografa y Navegacin de la Amazonia Marina de Guerra del Per
Jorge D. Abad
Profesor Asistente Departamento de Ing. Civil y Ambiental Universidad de Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh
Flujo secundario
~ld
Inner bank
Outer bank
~S2
B n
Cc ( s) 1 ( s) cte Rc ( s) s
~S4 s
~S6
Freely-meandering channels: The Ucayali and Aguaytia Rivers near Pucallpa city, PERU
UCAYALI RIVER
2sz
2sz
~Se
2se
2se
B A
DAB DAB +DBC
Elev
SAB >Se
Li-Lf ~Se SAB Elev
A
n s
B u1 d1 d2 d3 d5
10/04/1975
u2 u3 d4 u4 u5
06/12/1985 B
08/13/1990
SinUcayali ~ 1.70
Pucallpa
Pucallpa
u3
d3 d5 u5 A
d4 u4
Pucallpa
d5 u5 A
A B
07/12/1996
08/24/2000 B
05/16/2010
Z1
Pucallpa
d5 u5 Z2 A A A
Field equipment
[1] Geodesic GPS double frequency, Trimble 5700, [2] Total station Leica TCA 1103, [3] Stage rulers
[1] AEH-177 Boat (1 unit) [2] Mulibeam Reson Seabat 7101 [3] Hypack software
[1] Stainless steel Boat (2 units) [2] ADCP workhorse Rio Grande 600 KHz, RD Instruments [3] Single beam digital echo sounder SYQWEST BATHY-500
Earth Processes & Environmental Flows (EPEF) University of Pittsburgh
Batimetra 2011
Inflection
Pucallpa
05/16/2010
SITUACIN ACTUAL
(a)
Contornos: Velocidad longitudinal (cm/s)
(b)
(c)
05/16/2010
Ro Ucayali
SITUACIN ACTUAL
(a)
Contornos: Velocidad longitudinal (cm/s)
(b)
(c)
05/16/2010
Ro Ucayali
SITUACIN ACTUAL
(a)
Contornos: Velocidad longitudinal (cm/s)
(b)
(c)
05/16/2010
Ro Ucayali
Modelamiento Preliminar 2D y 3D
MODELAMIENTO 2D
MODELAMIENTO 2D
MODELAMIENTO 2D
flow
150
100
50
Dunes Ripples
CONCLUSIONES DE [1]
Determinar los periodos de creacin de cortes de meandro y de incremento de la migracin de los mismos
CONCLUSIONES DE [1]
determinar la evolucin del canal principal y en cuanto tiempo se producira un corte de meandro natural en la ausencia de canales secundarios
05/16/2010
Ro Ucayali
CONCLUSIONES DE [1]
Estudiar la evolucin de los canales secundarios
05/16/2010
Ro Ucayali
CONCLUSIONES DE [1]
Desarrollar modelos predictivos de la dinmica del rio Ucayali combinando con mediciones de campo y modelos matemticos Monitoreo permanente
Ecosonda Morfologa del lecho aDcp Velocidades y caudales [2] Lidar Morfologa de las mrgenes Distribucin de suelos en la planicie de inundacin Clasificacin de sedimentos Clasificacin de cauces naturales existentes Involucrar otras disciplinas (Ecologa, Forestal, Ambiental, Social, etc)
Hugo Montoro
Capitn de Fragata Jefe del Servicio de Hidrografa y Navegacin de la Amazonia Marina de Guerra del Per
Jorge D. Abad
Profesor Asistente Departamento de Ing. Civil y Ambiental Universidad de Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh
Meandering structure
(Nanay River)
Anabranching structure
(Amazon River)
Iquitos city
Amazon river
University of Pittsburgh
l~ 30 km
Note: the periodicity may be an indicator of active/inactive regions
University of Pittsburgh
1 000
10
3 000
50
Muelle de Bellavista
From Directorate of Hydrography and Navigation, Peruvian Navy Earth Processes & Environmental Flows (EPEF)
University of Pittsburgh
1987
1993
1999
2005
2009
Notice: Individual secondary channels are behaving as meander bends, maybe the main channel will start to evolve more if other regions are turn off to be inactive
Earth Processes & Environmental Flows (EPEF) University of Pittsburgh
Iquitos city
Length ~160 km
University of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh
ADCP measurements
[3]
University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh
2Shell
International Exploration and Production, The Netherlands National de Recherche Scientifique, Belgium
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Lateral Accretion
Secondary flow sediments are moved and then deposited at the inner bank
Centrifugal force wins near the surface, and Result: normally-directed secondary flow: inward near the bottom
Pressure force
z
n
Pressure force wins near the bed.
inner
outer
46
Experimentos
Water surface
Interface
S16
S14 S15
(a)
(b)
inner bank
(d)
(c)
outer bank
(a) Plan view, (b) dye injected at S13, (c) Top view at S15, (d) dye injected at S16
s n
The experiments by Sequeiros et al. (2010) allowed determination of these structure functions in a straight channel
css [gr/l]
0 8 7 6 5 velocity concentration 6 20 40 60 8
Frd
7
U gDh
14 12 10
cs [gr/l] s
0 20 40 60 80 100 14 velocity concentration 12 10 8
Frd = 1.87
z [cm]
z [cm]
4 3 2 1 0 0 10 20 30
4 3 2 1 0
8 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20
Frd = 0.61
6 4 2 0
us [cm/s]
Saline currents
u [cm/s]
(L~730 Km)
Supercritical
(L~67 Km)
Subcritical
Modern cases:
Amazon
~ 350 Km
Bengal
Mississippi
Mississippi
~ 280 Km
~ 50 Km
http://www.noc.soton.ac.uk/gg/gebco/gebco_maps.php
Supercritical
Subcritical
Meandering submarine channels must a some point go through a stage of migration and sinuosity increase. Normally-directed secondary flow helps promote this. Lateral Accretion Packages, Abreu et al. (2003)
Mensaje del da
Necesitamos mas investigacin sobre todo en la selva peruana Necesitamos especialistas en hidrulica fluvial sobre todo en la selva Necesitamos que la ingeniera hidrulica interactu con otras disciplinas Necesitamos INGENIEROS con vocacin ambientalista, hay que preservar el lugar donde vivimos
University of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh
Economy and Ports along the Amazon River Anthropogenic issues in the Amazonian region
University of Pittsburgh
Visit to Native Peruvian Community (Bora) Navigating along the Amazon River
University of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh