KINEMATICS

CHAPTER 2
By: Sheilla Miranda, ST Newton Peranginangin, ST

After Learning This Chapter, Students Should be Able to

Mention the type of rectilinear motion Express physical quantities of rectilinear motion and use them in problem solving Apply rectilinear motion in daily life

Rectilinear Motion Uniform Rectilinear Motion Accelerated Uniform Rectilinear Motion Vertical Motion

Uniform Rectilinear Motion

Characteristics: Constant Velocity

Uniform Rectilinear Motion

Formula:

s=v.t

Uniform Rectilinear Motion

16 m

If t = 8 sec Then v = ?

Uniform Rectilinear Motion

36 m

If vA = 4 m/s and vB = 2 m/s Then, where A and B meet?

Uniform Rectilinear Motion

20 m If vA = 7 m/s, vB = 3 m/s, and both cars are moving together; Then, where A overtake B?

Uniform Rectilinear Motion

44 m

If A move earlier 3 s before B, vA = 8 m/s, and vB = 3 m/s;

Uniform Rectilinear Motion

When A overtake B, considered from A start moving When A overtake B, considered from B start moving Where A overtake B, considered from A start moving

Accelerated Uniform Rectilinear Motion

Characteristics: Velocity accelerated uniformly Constant Acceleration

Accelerated Uniform Rectilinear Motion

Formula:

v = v0 + at 2 s = v0t + at 2 = v 2 + 2as v 0

Accelerated Uniform Rectilinear Motion a v0

If v0 = 2 m/s, and the acceleration 2; given is a = 4 m/ s What is v after 4 s?

Accelerated Uniform Rectilinear Motion a v0

If v0 = 2 m/s, and the acceleration 2; given is a = 4 m/ s When is v = 26 m/s?

Vertical Motion
The acceleration in vertical motion is the acceleration of gravitation which is constant and directs downward.

Vertical Motion

Free Fall Motion Upward Vertical Motion Downward Vertical Motion

Free Fall Motion

Free fall motion is downward vertical motion with zero initial velocity and constant acceleration which is the same as the gravitational acceleration of the earth, g. Thus, v0 = 0 and a = g.

Free Fall Motion

Free Fall Motion

A coconut falls from the height of 20 m.
a. How long does it takes to reach the ground? b. What is its velocity before it hits the ground?

Free Fall Motion

h = 20 m; g = 10 2 a. h = gt t = 2 s b. v = gt = 20 m/s

2 m/s

Upward Vertical Motion

The upward vertical motion is vertical motion of an object thrown upward with certain initial velocity. The speed of the object decreases until zero before it finally falls freely. Thus, v0 0 and a = g.

Upward Vertical Motion

Upward Vertical Motion

An iron ball is fired vertically upward from the ground with a velocity of 10 m/s. How long does it takes to reach its maximum height? (g = 10 m/s2)

Upward Vertical Motion

hmax = v0t

2 gt

= 20 m

Downward Vertical Motion

Downward vertical motion is the vertical motion of an object thrown downward with initial velocity. Thus, v0 0 and a = g.

Downward Vertical Motion

Downward Vertical Motion

A diver jumps from a diving board at the height of 8 m with initial velocity of 6 m/s. If g = 10 m/s2, determine the velocity as the diver reaches the water.

Downward Vertical Motion h = 8 m; v0 = 6 m/s; 2 g = 10 m/s 2 = v 2 + 2gh v 0 v = 14 m/s

Graphs

Displacement-Time Graph Velocity-Time Graph

Displacement-Time Graph

Displacement-Time Graph

Gradient of (s-t) graph gives

Velocity

Velocity-Time Graph

Velocity-Time Graph

Gradient of (v-t) graph gives

Acceleration

Velocity-Time Graph

Area under (v-t) graph gives

Displacement