A PROJECT REPORT ON WATER POLLUTION BY GOVIND PARMAR ROLL NO: 08 FIRST YEAR OF BACHELOR OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES.

(2ND SEMISTER) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SMT.KAMALA MEHTA V.W.A.COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

A PROJECT REPORT ON WATER POLLUTION BY AKHILESH VISHWAKARMA ROLL NO: 15 FIRST YEAR OF BACHELOR OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES. (2ND SEMISTER) ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SMT.KAMALA MEHTA V.W.A.COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

Acknowledgement We the student with immense pleasure are Presenting "WATER POLLUTION" project report as part of curriculum of Bachelor of management studies. We wish to THANK all people who gave us unending support. I/we express my/our profound thanks to our Coordinator Ms. Payal Vighne Madam and Our project in charge Ms. Dipali Sapre Madam

THANK YOU!!!

Introduction

Water pollution is a major global problem which requires ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy at all levels (international down to individual aquifers and wells). It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases,[1][2] and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily.[2] An estimated 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilet, and 1,000 Indian children die of diarrheal sickness every day.[3] Some 90% of China's cities suffer from some degree of water pollution,[4] and nearly 500 million people lack access to safe drinking water.[5] In addition to the acute problems of water pollution indeveloping countries, developed countries continue to struggle with pollution problems as well. In the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 45 percent of assessedstream miles, 47 percent of assessed lake acres, and 32 percent of assessed bay and estuarinesquare miles were classified as polluted.[6] Water is typically referred to as polluted when it is impaired by anthropogenic contaminants and either does not support a human use, such as drinking water, and/or undergoes a marked shift in its ability to support its constituent biotic communities, such as fish. Natural phenomena

such as volcanoes, algae blooms, storms, and earthquakes also cause major changes in water quality and the ecological status of water.

What Is Water Pollution?

The world has been continually facing many environmental problems that affect all forms of life. Life on earth has been distressed by the growing number of ecological problems that are mostly caused by humans themselves. You may see people dumping trash into the river. You may have seen ships sailing across the sea. You may have heard about oil spill from ships. You may be aware of dynamite fishing. If so, then you may have also noticed that these things contribute to one of the ecological problems that we encounter. The unfavorable, hostile, and unpleasant change in the state of water when contaminated with unsafe and perilous substances is water pollution. Water pollution takes place when pollutants are released directly or indirectly into bodies of water without sufficient treatment to eliminate damaging compounds. Water pollution is the second most imperative environmental concern along with air pollution. Any change or modification in the physical, chemical and biological properties of water that has a detrimental consequence on living things is water pollution. All the foremost water bodies of the world such as lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater are affected by such problem.. Polluted water is unfit, unhealthy, and

dangerous for drinking and for other consumption processes. It is also not apt for agricultural and industrial assistance. What has been contributing to the existing and seem-to-be undying water pollution is domestic and agricultural waste, and industrial effluents. Other sources comprise of oil spills, atmospheric deposition, marine dumping, radioactive waste, global warming and eutrophication. This water pollution is harmful to human beings, plants, animals, fish and birds. Contaminated water also houses and contains viruses, bacteria, intestinal parasites, and other harmful microorganisms, which can originate waterborne diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, and typhoid. Due to water pollution, the entire ecosystem is being disturbed.

Categories
Surface water and groundwater have often been studied and managed as separate resources, although they are interrelated.[7] Surface water seeps through the soil and becomes groundwater. Conversely, groundwater can also feed surface water sources. Sources of surface water pollution are generally grouped into two categories based on their origin.

Point sources
Point source water pollution refers to contaminants that enter a waterway from a single, identifiable source, such as a pipe or ditch. Examples of sources in this category include discharges from asewage treatment plant, a factory, or a city storm drain. The U.S. Clean Water Act (CWA) defines point source for regulatory enforcement purposes.[8] The CWA definition of point source was amended in 1987 to include municipal storm sewer systems, as well as industrial stormwater, such as from construction sites.
]

Nonpoint sources
Nonpoint source pollution refers to diffuse contamination that does not originate from a single discrete source. NPS pollution is often the cumulative effect of small amounts of contaminants gathered from a large area. A common example is the leaching out of nitrogen compounds from fertilized agricultural lands. Nutrient runoff in stormwater from "sheet flow" over an agricultural fieldor a forest are also cited as examples of NPS pollution. Contaminated storm water washed off of parking lots, roads and highways, called urban runoff, is sometimes included under the category of NPS pollution. However, this runoff is typically channeled into storm drain systems and discharged through pipes to local surface waters, and is a point source. However where such water is not channeled and drains directly to ground it is a non-point source.

Groundwater pollution
Interactions between groundwater and surface water are complex. Consequently, groundwater pollution, sometimes referred to asgroundwater contamination, is not as easily classified as surface water pollution. By its very nature, groundwater aquifers are susceptible to contamination from sources that may not directly affect surface water bodies, and the distinction of point vs. non-point source may be irrelevant. A spill or ongoing releases of chemical or radionuclide contaminants into soil (located away from a surface water body) may not create point source or non-point source pollution, but can contaminate the aquifer below, defined as a toxin plume. The movement of the plume, called a plume front, may be analyzed through a hydrological transport model or groundwater model. Analysis of groundwater contamination may focus on the soil characteristics and site geology, hydrogeology, hydrology, and the nature of the contaminants.

Causes
The specific contaminants leading to pollution in water include a wide spectrum of chemicals, pathogens, and physical or sensory changes such as elevated temperature and discoloration. While many of the chemicals and substances that are regulated may be naturally occurring (calcium, sodium, iron, manganese, etc.) the concentration is often the key in determining what is a natural component of water, and what is a contaminant. High concentrations of naturally-occurring substances can have negative impacts on aquatic flora and fauna. Oxygen-depleting substances may be natural materials, such as plant matter (e.g. leaves and grass) as well as man-made chemicals. Other natural and anthropogenic substances may cause turbidity (cloudiness) which blocks light and disrupts plant growth, and clogs the gills of some fish species. Many of the chemical substances are toxic. Pathogens can produce waterborne diseases in either human or animal hosts.[11] Alteration of water's physical chemistry includes acidity (change in pH), electrical conductivity, temperature, and eutrophication. Eutrophication is an increase in the concentration of chemical nutrients in an ecosystem to an extent that increases in the primary productivity of the ecosystem. Depending on the degree of eutrophication, subsequent negative environmental effects such as anoxia (oxygen depletion) and severe reductions in water quality may occur, affecting fish and other animal populations.

Thermal pollution

Potrero Generating Stationdischarges heated water into San Francisco Bay Thermal pollution is the rise or fall in the temperature of a natural body of water caused by human influence. Thermal pollution, unlike chemical pollution, results in a change in the physical properties of water. A common cause of thermal pollution is the use of water as a coolant bypower plants and industrial manufacturers. Elevated water temperatures decreases oxygen levels (which can kill fish) and affects ecosystem composition, such as invasion by new thermophilicspecies. Urban runoff may also elevate temperature in surface waters. Thermal pollution can also be caused by the release of very cold water from the base of reservoirs into warmer rivers.

Transport and chemical reactions of water pollutants

Marine pollution
Most water pollutants are eventually carried by rivers into the oceans. In some areas of the world the influence can be traced hundred miles from the mouth by studies using hydrology transport models. Advanced computer models such as SWMM or the DSSAM Model have been used in many locations worldwide to examine the fate of pollutants in aquatic systems. Indicator filter feeding species such ascopepods have also been used to study pollutant fates in the New York Bight, for example. The highesttoxin loads are not directly at the mouth of the Hudson River,

but 100 kilometers south, since several days are required for incorporation into planktonic tissue. The Hudson discharge flows south along the coast due to coriolis force. Further south then are areas of oxygen depletion, caused by chemicals using up oxygen and by algae blooms, caused by excess nutrients from algal cell death and decomposition. Fish andshellfish kills have been reported, because toxins climb the food chain after small fish consume copepods, then large fish eat smaller fish, etc. Each successive step up the food chain causes a stepwise concentration of pollutants such as heavy metals

Industrial wastewater
Some industrial facilities generate ordinary domestic sewage that can be treated by municipal facilities. Industries that generate wastewater with high concentrations of conventional pollutants (e.g. oil and grease), toxic pollutants (e.g. heavy metals, volatile organic compounds) or other nonconventional pollutants such as ammonia, need specialized treatment systems. Some of these facilities can install a pre-treatment system to remove the toxic components, and then send the partiallytreated wastewater to the municipal system. Industries generating large volumes of wastewater typically operate their own complete on-site treatment systems. Some industries have been successful at redesigning their manufacturing processes to reduce or eliminate pollutants, through a process called pollution prevention. Heated water generated by power plants or manufacturing plants may be controlled with:

cooling ponds, man-made bodies of water designed for cooling by evaporation, convection, and radiation cooling towers, which transfer waste heat to the atmosphere through evaporation and/or heat transfer cogeneration, a process where waste heat is recycled for domestic and/or industrial heating purposes.

Agricultural wastewater Nonpoint source controls

Sediment (loose soil) washed off fields is the largest source of agricultural pollution in the United States.[10]Farmers may utilize erosion controls to reduce runoff flows and retain soil on their fields. Common techniques include contour plowing, crop mulching, crop rotation, planting perennial crops and installingriparian buffers. Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) are typically applied to farmland as commercial fertilizer; animalmanure; or spraying of municipal or industrial wastewater (effluent) or sludge. Nutrients may also enter runoff from crop residues, irrigation water, wildlife, and atmospheric deposition. Farmers can develop and implement nutrient management plans to reduce excess application of nutrients. To minimize pesticide impacts, farmers may use Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques (which can include biological pest control) to maintain control over pests, reduce reliance on chemical pesticides, and protect water quality. Point source wastewater treatment

Farms with large livestock and poultry operations, such as factory farms, are called concentrated animal feeding operations or feedlots in the US and are being subject to increasing government regulation.[29] [30] Animal slurries are usually treated by containment in anaerobic lagoons before disposal by spray or trickle application to grassland. Constructed wetlands are sometimes used to facilitate treatment of animal wastes. Some animal slurries are treated by mixing with straw and compostedat high temperature to produce a bacteriologically sterile and friable manure for soil improvement.

Effects of Water Pollution & Solutions

The effects of water pollution strongly impact the balance of nature, which ultimately impacts all humans. With proper care and consideration, many of the situations that cause water pollution can be stopped or decreased.

Types of Water Pollution

Without getting too technical, water pollution is a result of various things, but usually leads back to these sources:

Industry Agriculture Homes

Man-made situations are typically the causes of water pollution. Often, its unintended and unknown that actions are contributing to water pollution. Many times its the last thought on someones mind that their actions could significantly impact the environment locally and beyond.

Ways Water is Polluted

Industry There are three main ways that industries contribute to water pollution. They pollute by disposing of waste directly into waterways, emitting toxic gases that cause acid rain and changing the temperature of water with their disposals into waterways. Direct disposal of waste into natural waterways causes waste to build up within the water. A pungent odor is the result. Additionally, this waste decreases the amount of oxygen in water, causing the death of aquatic animals or other organisms. The emission of toxic fumes into the air causes acid rain. When the acid rain falls, it contaminates local natural waterways including streams, rivers and lakes. This causes the death of many aquatic animals. Other animals drinking the water may become ill and die, too. Thermal pollution occurs when water used to cool hot machinery is released into waterways and the temperature of the water is drastically increased. This temperature change may cause aquatic life to die and numbers to be reduced. Additionally, such a temperature increase decreases the amount of oxygen in water, causing more of a chance of death to organisms.

Agriculture Its common for farmers to use fertilizers and other chemicals on their crops to help them grow. However, these chemicals and nutrients added to the soil can soak into the underground water supplies. Additionally, when it rains, these chemicals join the run-off water and flow into streams, rivers and lakes, thus polluting them. Even just the sediments of dirt, without any chemicals, are pollutants in the fact that they cause the waterways to become cloudy and muddy.

Homes

Households are a leading cause of water pollution by the trash they create. Even if taken to landfills, often this trash finds its way to natural waterways. Human waste, disposed of typically by sewers, pollute water. Any time a septic system is not installed properly or bursts beneath the ground, the underground water supply may be polluted. Oils and anti-freeze leaked from vehicles pollute water. Effects of Water Pollution There are various effects of water pollution. Spread of disease: Drinking polluted water can cause cholera or typhoid infections, along with diarrhea. Affects body organs: The consumption of highly contaminated water can cause injury to the heart and kidneys. Harms the food chain: Toxins within water can harm aquatic organisms, thus breaking a link in the food chain. Causes algae in water: Urea, animal manure and vegetable peelings are food for algae. Algae grow according to how much waste is in a water source. Bacteria feed off the algae, decreasing the amount of oxygen in the water. The decreased oxygen causes harm to other organisms living in the water. Flooding: The erosion of soil into waterways causes flooding, especially with heavy rainfall. Harms animals: Birds that get into oil-contaminated water die from exposure to cold water and air due to feather damage. Other animals are affected when they eat dead fish in contaminated streams. The effects of water pollution are not always immediate. They are not always seen at the point of contamination. They are sometimes never known by the person responsible for the pollution. However, water pollution has a huge impact on our lives. With knowledge, consideration and preparation, water pollution can be decreased. It doesnt take much effort just a little thought.

WATER POLLUTION CAUSES

The causes of water pollution vary and may be both natural and anthropogenic. However, the most common causes of water pollution are the anthropogenic ones including:

Agriculture runoff - carrying fertilizers, pesticides/insecticides/herbicides and other pollutants into water bodies such as lakes, rivers, ponds). The usual effect of this type of pollution consists in algae growing in affected water bodies. This is a sign of increased nitrates and phosphates in water that could be harmful for human health. Storm water runoff carrying various oils, petroleum products and other contaminants from urban and rural areas (ditches). These usually forms sheens on the water surface. Leaking sewer lines may add trihalomethanes (such as chloroform) as well as other contaminants into groundwater ending up contaminating surface water, too. Discharges of chlorinated solvents from Dry Cleaners to sewer lines are also a recognized source of water pollution with these persistent and harmful solvents. Mining activities mining activities involve crushing the rock that usually contains many trace metals and sulfides. The left material may easily generate sulfuric acid in the presence of precipitation water. Please, read more at Mining Sites. Foundries have direct emissions of metals (including Hg, Pb, Mn, Fe, Cr and other metals) and other particulate matter into the air. Please, read more at Foundry. Industrial discharges may add significant pollution to water bodies, but are usually regulated today. Please, read more at Industrial Sites. Accidental leaks and spills associated with handling and storage of chemicals may happen anytime and, although they are usually contained soon after they occur, the risk of polluting surface and groundwater exist. An example are ship accidents such as Exxon Valdez disaster which spilled large amounts of petroleum products into the ocean; Intended/illegal discharges of waste while such occurrences are less common today, they may still happen due to the high cost of proper waste disposal; illegal waste discharges into water bodies were recorded all over the world; Burning of fossil fuels the emitted ash particles usually contain toxic metals (such as As or Pb). Burning will also add a series of oxides including carbon dioxide to air and respectively water bodies.

Transportation even though Pb has been banned in gasoline in the U.S. and many other countries, vehicle emissions pollute the air with various tailpipe compounds (including sulfur and nitrogen compounds, as well as carbon oxides) that may end up in water bodies via deposition with precipitation water. Construction activities introduce a series of contaminants into the ground that may eventually end up in groundwater. Plastic materials/wastes in contact with water may degrade slowly releasing harmful compounds for both human health and ecosystem. Disposal of personal care products and household chemicals (including detergents and various cleaning solutions) this is a serious problem since the releases to water are unpredictable and hard if not impossible to control. It is up to each of us to minimize this contribution to water pollution by controlling our consumption and disposal of such products as well as trying to recycle as much as we can! Improper disposal of car batteries and other batteries may add metals Leaking landfills may pollute the groundwater below the landfill with a large variety of contaminants (whatever is stored by the landfill). Animal wastes contribute to the biological pollution of water streams.

Different types of Water Pollution

The different types of water pollution are point-source, nonpointsource and transboundary. Surface water, groundwater, microbiological, and oxygen depletion are some of the varieties of water pollution. Nutrients, suspended matter and chemicals are responsible for such pollution. When the pollution has a single source like an oil spill, it is called point-source pollution. In case the pollution has multiple sources, it is called nonpoint-source pollution. Many types of pollution affect the immediate area surrounding the source. When the pollution affects the environment many miles away from the source, like nuclear waste, it is called transboundary pollution.

Surface

Water

Pollution

These are the natural water resources of the Earth. These are found on the exterior of the Earth's crust, oceans, rivers and lakes.

Groundwater

Considerable amount of Earth's water is found in soil or under rock structures called aquifers. People use aquifers to obtain drinking water and build wells to access it. In case this water becomes polluted, it is called groundwater pollution. This is caused by pesticide contamination from the soil and this can infect the drinking water and lead to huge problems.

Pollution

Microbiological

Pollution

This is a natural form of water pollution caused by microorganisms. Most of these microorganims thrive in water and fish, land animals and humans to become ill. Microorganims like bacteria, viruses and protozoa cause serious diseases like cholera. In poor countries, there are no facilities to treat polluted water and hence the health of people are affected.

Oxygen

depletion

Pollution

Microorganisms that thrive in water feed on biodegradable substances. When a lot of biodegradable material is mixed with water, the number of microorganims increase and utilize the available oxygen. This is called oxygen depletion. As oxygen levels in water are depleted, harmless aerobic microorganisms die and anaerobic microorganims prosper. Some anaerobic microorganisms are harmful to people, environment and animals and they produce toxins like ammonia and sulfides.

Nutrients

These are necessary for plant growth and development. Most of these are found in wastewater and fertilizers. These can cause excess weed and algae growth if there are large concentrations in water. Drinking water and clog filters can be contaminated. The algae use up the oxygen in the water and leave none for the surrounding marine life and this can damage other aquatic organisms.

Suspended

Matter

As the molecules are very large to mix between the water molecules, some pollutants do not dissolve in water. This material is termed as particulate matter and can lead to water pollution. The suspended particles finally settle and form a thick silt at the bottom. The marine life on the floor of rivers and lakes are harmed. Biodegradable substances are suspended in water and raise the quantity of anaerobic microorganisms present.

Chemical

Agricultural and Industrial work has the use of many chemicals that can run-off into water and pollute it. Metals and solvents from industrial work pollute rivers and lakes. Aquatic life is endangered by these and made infertile. Pesticides are used to control weeds, insects and fungi. Run-off's of these pesticides poisons aquatic life. If birds, humans and other animals eat infected fish they may be poisoned. Petroleum is a different type of chemical pollutant that pollutes water by oil spills in case a

ship ruptures. Oil spills have a localized effect on wildlife, but can spread for miles. This oil can cause the death of many fish and stick to the feathers of seabirds. This loses their ability to fly. Pollution happens when silt and other suspended solids like soil, construction, washoff plowed fields enters river banks. Eutrophication occurs under natural conditions, lakes, rivers and other water bodies. This is an aging process that fills in the water body with sediment and organic matter. In case these sediments enter various water bodies, fish respiration is affected, plant productivity and water depth is decreased.

Water Pollution Prevention

Water pollution prevention in India is the most important work for the environment which includes the support from both government and as well as form people also. For this water pollution control various rules and regulations under various acts are imposed on several sectors. Mostly this prevention of water pollution acts are imposed on the industrial sector than any other. As increasing pollution is becoming a serious problem these days, thus, water pollution prevention procedure is been working with its full efficiency. Major part of the country is affected and working on water pollution prevention in India with these sorts of water and air pollutions just because of the industrial sector. This heavy industrialization with bigger area of working chemical factories

directly dumps tons of waste chemicals and materials in seas and oceans against water pollution control which causes such problems. Things which are needed for water pollution prevention in India are sudden change and gradual action should be taken toward it. Bann on dumping of waste materials and hazardous chemicals can also act as a good water pollution control. It can be understood that dumping is not the way to get rid of the waste materials and also make hurdles in the path for prevention of water pollution. Primary education and awareness is also a good measure for water pollution prevention. There have been many programs started similarly to this water pollution prevention in India. Water pollution control can also be done by lowering the usage of chemicals and fertilizers. Personal precautions like driving lesser vehicles can also prove to be a good prevention of water pollution. Above all, a better water pollution prevention needs a higher level of interest which must be given upon it. Apart form above water pollution prevention steps, installation of filtration system is also a good step. It is the most effective and working prevention of water pollution. At homes clearing up drains also acts as water pollution control. Water conservation is also a step for water pollution prevention in India. Education and identification for such problems also helps in prevention of water pollution. Hence, it can be noticed that, a small effort from cleaning the waste before throwing in to garbage or drains can also contribute a lot in water pollution prevention.

How to control water pollution?

Water pollution can be controlled in the multiple ways. It is best controlled by the dilution of water. The pollutants must be treated chemically and must be converted into the non toxic substances. The low level of radioactive wastes in the water is removed by the oxidation of ponds. There are certain chemicals which act on the organic insecticideand are used in the pesticide. There are different techniques which are very helpful in the process of thermal pollution and involve the cooling, evaporation, water cooling; cooling can be wet or dry. Their main aim is to keep the water cool

in rivers and streams. The shallow ponds must be used to store the domestic and industrial wastes. One must avoid the large ponds. The waste has a presence of sunlight and organic nutrients which may lead to the larger growth of bacteria which act on the waste matter. The reclaimed polluted water can be used in making fertilizers as it is rich in phosphorous, potassium and nitrogen. It can also be used for the irrigation and factories purposes. The proper sewage treatment plans play a crucial role in the reclaimed polluted water. There must be a law which ensures that the industries must treat the waste before the water is discharged into the rivers and seas. The polluted water can be treated by the use of a plant known as water hyacinth which is also referred as kaloli. It deals with the biological and chemical waste. The heavy metals are also removed by it.

CASE STUDY
We take our unpolluted tap water for granted, but in developing countries tens of thousands of people die each year from water-borne infections that cause diseases like cholera, typhoid, dysentery, hepatitis A and tapeworms. Many such cases occur because faeces from an infected person get into the water supply. Ideally we would test the water for all of the thousand or so organisms that might cause disease, but this is too expensive for developing countries. A simpler approach is to look for a group of microbes, known as indicator organisms, whose presence tells us that faecal contamination has occurred and that the pathogens that cause infection in humans might be present. Current tests using indicator organisms however, cannot distinguish between human and non-human faeces which are much less likely to carry human pathogens so they are not accurate. Dr Ebdon, a researcher in the School of Environment and Technology, has developed a test that can accurately identify the presence of human faeces. It costs only a few pounds, can be used in the field and gives results in a day. It could be an invaluable tool for public health programmes in developing countries. Dr Ebdon found a strain of the bacterial species, Bacteroides ovatus, among the human waste that his team tested in sewage works. This bacterium (GB124) is about one-

thousandth of a millimetre wide, lives in the human gut and leaves the body in faeces. It is harmless to humans and could now prove vitally important. Because GB124 is found only in human sewage, its presence in a river indicates that human excrement has polluted the water. However, the bacterium dies after a day or so out of the body; more quickly than many of the disease-causing infectious organisms that also find their way into the water. So it would be unwise to drink water that had tested negative for live GB124 because it could still contain, say, dysentery or cholera bacteria. Dr Ebdon, working alongside colleagues from the University of Barcelona, has found a way around this problem. Just as humans get viral infections like flu, so do bacteria, including GB124. Viruses called phages enter the bacterium's cells and hijack its protein-making apparatus to make copies of their body parts, which then assemble into new viruses. These then burst out of the cell, killing it as they do so, ready to attack more bacterial cells and repeat the cycle.

Conclusion
Arent we aware of the different problems occurring in our nature,especially in different bodies of water? Water pollution is the caused of ourundisciplined actions and irresponsibility. We, humans are only creatingproblems that consequently we will also carry the burden of these problems.We all know that water pollution can affect our health badly and seriously. Itcan cause such sicknesses and diseases that will badly affect our health. Weall know how important water is. Water is essential to our body. Neither wenor every living thing cant survive without water. And so therefore, weshould keep, protect, save, and help prevent our waters from being polluted,we should act as early as now, we should save rivers, seas and oceans, andother bodies of water because we will also bare the burden of this problem.We should not wait for the time until people are competing just to getsufficient, fresh and clean water, the time where clean water is insufficient tothe people and animals, and the time where in our sources of water arediminishing or until the time where there are totally no sources of water. Andso, let us be disciplined and responsible enough to save, protect andconserve not only sources of water but also our mother nature because ournature provides and helps us in our daily lives. Lets just realize howimportant our mother nature is. It is our only source of living. Let us notdestroy it nor pollute it. Let us act for a change. We need

and we should helpsave and conserve our mother nature, especially the different bodies of water. Absolutely, there are many simple ways in how we can help. Changeourselves before we construct changes in our nature. Act right now