GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500

Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh

CHUYN : RU
A. L THUYT I. Cng thc ng phn- Tn gi
Bi 1. -Gi tn thng thng (gc chc), tn IUPAC v cho bit bc ca cc ancol sau : a) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH b) CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 c) (CH3)3COH d) (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH e) CH2=CH-CH2OH g) C6H5CH2OH -Vit cng thc cu to ca cc ancol sau : a) Ancol isobutylic b) Ancol isoamylic c) 2-metylhexan-3-ol Bi 2. Hy vit cng thc cu to v gi tn cc ancol ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t C5H12O. Bi 3. Vit CTCT a. Ru bc I c CTPT C6H14O b. Ru thm c CTPT C8H10O c. Ru a chc c CTPT C3H8O2 Bi 4. Vit CTCT a. Hp cht n chc c CTPT C4H10O v gi tn b. Ru khng no c CTPT C4H8O Bi 5. Vit CTTQ ca ru a. no n chc, h b. no a chcm h c. ru tng qut Bi 6. Cho ru A c CTPT C5H12O , A phn ng vi CuO ,t0 to ra B phn ng trng gng (dd AgNO3/NH3) .Khi tch H2O ca A bng ddH2SO4 c nng ch thu c sn phm duy nht C khng lm mt mu ddBr2 k thng. Tm CTCT A, B, C vit ptpu v gi tn A Bi 7. Cho ru X c CTPT C8H10O, A phn ng vi CuO, t0 to ra Y phn ng trng gng (dd AgNO3/NH3). Khi tch H2O ca A bng ddH2SO4 c nng 1700C thu c sn phm Z, trng hp Z c polime T . Tm CTCT X, Y, Z, T v vit ptpu Bi 8. iu kin mt ru a chc ha tan c Cu(OH) 2/OH- : phi c 2 nhm OH- lin kt vi hai nguyn t C gn nhau. Hy cho bit ru C4H10O2 c bao nhiu CTCT ha tan c Cu(OH) 2/OH- cho dung dch mu xanh. Bi 9. Cho A c CTCT HO-C6H4-CH2OH .Vit ptpu ca A vi : ddHCl, Na, NaOH, CuO nung nng. Bi 10. Trong tinh du bc h c mentol, tinh du hoa hng c geraniol. Cng thc thu gn nht ca chng cho bi khi nim v tecpen. a) Hy vit cng thc thu gn, phn loi v gi tn chng theo IUPAC. b) Vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng khi cho tc dng vi Br2 d v vi CuO un nng. Bi 11. Cng thc no di y l cng thc ca ru no mch h? A. CnH2n+2-x(OH)x B. C nH2n+2O C. CnH2n+2Ox D. CnH2n+1OH Bi 12. Mt ru no c cng thc thc nghim (C2H5O)n vy cng thc phn t ca ru l: A. C6H15O3 B. C4H10O2 C. C6H14O3 D. C4H10O Bi 13. t chy mt ru X, ta c hn hp sn phm chy trong nCO2 < nH2O. Kt lun no sau y ng: A. (X) l ankanol C. (X) l ru 3 ln ru B. (X) l ankaiol D. (X) l ru no

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500

Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh

I. Tnh cht vt l.
Bi 1. a. Trong dd ru tn ti bao nhiu loi lin kt hidro. Vit cng thc biu din b. Trong hn hp ru etylic v phenol tn ti bao nhiu loi lin kt hidro. Vit cng thc biu din Bi 2. so snh nhit si ca cc cht cho di y(sp xp theo chiu tng dn): ru etylic, ru propylic, propan, clopropan, axit fomic. Gii thch

II. Tnh cht cht ha hc v iu ch.

Bi 1 Vit cc phng trnh phn ng trc tip iu ch ru tylic, Glyxrin. Phn ng no dng sn xut cng nghip ? 2. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch ru tylic; ru Mtylic; ru Alytic; Glyxrin; Propandiol -1,2; rru Benzylic t vi v than . . . 3. Nu nguyn tc chung chuyn ru t bc 1 thnh bc 2 v t ru bc 2 thnh bc 3 ? Cho v d minh ho 4. ru l g ? Cho v d Bi 2. Cho cc ru c cng thc l C3H8On 1.

1.
2. Bi 3

Vit cng thc cu to ca cc ru v gi tn Vit phng trnh phn ng khi cho cc ru trn tc dng vi Na, CuO/t0, Cu(OH)2, HNO3, CH3COOH/H2SO4 c nng Cl
C2H4
2

Cho s bin ho sau :

B A
C2H5OH xt

+D
xt

C2H5Cl

E A R
NaOH C2H5OH

A +C
Na

G
H2O

A, B, C, . . . l k hiu ca cc cht v c v hu c. hon thnh s phn ng. Bit A cha 2 nguyn t Ccbon
Bi 4. Ngi ta iu ch ru C t Hirccbon A theo s sau :

C 3H 8 + X 2 (CH3 ) 2 CHX NaOH/ H 2O C3 H 7OH / as

Hy dng cng thc cu tao vit cc phng trnh phn ng. thu c B vi hiu sut cao, nn dng X2 l Cl2 hay Br2? Khi iu ch C t B, ti sao phi dng NaOH m khng dng HCl ? Bi 5. Hy vit cc phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng v gi tn cc sn phm hu c to thnh trong cc trng hp sau : a) Propan-2-ol tc dng vi H2SO4 c 140oC. b) Metanol tc dng vi H2SO4 c to thnh imetyl sunfat. c) Propan-2-ol tc dng vi KBr v H2SO4 un nng. d) Ancol isoamylic tc dng vi H2SO4 c 180oC. Bi 6. Mt hc sinh ngh s sn xut metanol v etanol i t cc sn phm ca cng nghip du kh nh sau :
Cl2, as. H2O, OH CH4 CH3Cl CH3OH H2, Ni Cl2, as H2O, OH CH2 = CH2 CH3CH3 CH3CH2Cl CH3CH2OH

a) Hy ch ra nhng im bt hp l ca cc s trn. b) Hy nu s ang c p dng trong cng nghip v gii thch v sao nhng s l hp l. 2

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500 Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh Bi 7. Hy vit cc phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng thc hin cc chuyn ho sau : a) CH3CH2CH2Br thnh CH3CHBrCH3 ; b) (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH thnh (CH3)2C(OH)CH2CH3. Bi 8. Hy hon chnh s phn ng sau (cc ch ci ch cc sn phm chnh) :

Bi 9. Bng phng php ho hc, hy phn bit cc cht trong cc nhm sau : a) Butyl metyl ete, butan-1,4-iol v etylen glicol (etan-1,2-iol) b) Xiclopentanol, pent-4-en-1-ol v glixerol.

B. TON RU
TON: RU- HIU SUT IU CH
Cu 1. Cho 20ml cn tc dng vi Na d th thu c 0,76 g H2 ( khi lng ring ca ancol etylic l 0,8 g/ml). ru trong loi cn trn l bao nhiu? Cu 2. Cho Na d vo 100 ml cn 460 ( khi lng ring ca ancol etylic l 0,8 g/ml) . Tnh th tch H2 ktc? Cu 3. Cho 1 lt cn 950 tc dng vi Na d . Bit rng ancol nguyn cht c d=0,8g/ml. Tnh th tch H 2 to ra ktc? Cu 4. Cho 50 ml dd ancol etylic( dd X) tc dng vi Na d th thu c 15,68 lt H2 ( ktc). Bit khi lng ring ca ancol nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml. Xc nh ancol v nng mol ca dd X? Cu 5: Cho phn ng ht 4,6 gam Na vi ancol etylic v 4,6gam Na vi nc tnh th tch kh H2(ktc) thot ra trong tng trng hp. Tnh khi lng natri etylat v natri hiroxit to thnh? s:2,24lt Cu 6. Cho 10ml ancol etylic 960 tc dng vi Na d a/Vit phng trnh phn ng v tnh khi lng ancol nguyn cht tham gia phn ng, bit D ru =0,8g/ml b/Ly 100ml ru 960 trn c th pha c bao nhiu lt ancol 400 c/Ly 50ml ru trn th iu ch c bao nhiu gam dung dch axit axetic 5%. Bit hiu sut phn ng t 90%? s:a/7,68g; b/240ml; c/ 901,8g Cu 7. Tnh khi lng tinh bt ( cha 80%-(C6H10O5)n ) cn ly iu ch 7 lit ancoletylic 450 bit D=0,8g/ml v hiu sut qu trnh iu ch l 75% Cu 8. Tnh khi lng glucozo cn ly iu ch a lit ancoletylic 45 0 bit D=0,8g/ml v hiu sut phn ng iu ch l 75%. Lng kh CO2 sinh ra hp th hon ton vo 1lit dd Ca(OH)2 1M thu c 60gam kt ta.

TON: PHN NG NATRI-PHN NG CHY

1.MT RU Cu 1. Hp cht hu c X cha cc nguyn t C, H, O. Khi ho hi 0,93 g X thu c th tch hi ng bng th tch ca 0,48 g O2 o cng iu kin. Mt khc, cng 0,93 g X tc dng ht vi Na to ra 336 ml H2(ktc). Xc nh CTCT ca X? Cu 2. Tm cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca cc ancol sau a) Cho 3,8 g mt iol tc dng vi mt lng Na d thu c 0,56 l kh H2 ( 2 atm, O0C)? b) Cho 2,3g mt ancol no ( M = 92) tc dng ht vi kali thu c 0,84 l H2 ( o ktc) Cu 3:T khi hi i vi khng kh ca mt ancol no bng 2,13. Khi cho 3,1g ru tc dng ht vi Na thy thot ra 1,12lt H2 (kc). Hi ancol l n chc hay a chc, vit CTCT ca ancol Cu 4: T khi hi i vi Nit ca mt ancol no A bng 2,214. Khi cho 3,1g A tc dng ht vi Na thy thot ra 1,2218(l) H2 ( 250C, 1atm). a/Vit CTCT ca A b/T ancol etylic v cc cht v c cn thit, vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch A? s:C2H4(OH)2 Cu 5: Cho 6 gam mt ancol no, n chc, mch h A tc dng vi Na thu c 1,12lt kh H2(ktc) 3

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500 Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh a/Xc nh CTPT ca A b/Xc nh CTCT ng ca A v gi tn A, bit rng oxi ha A bng oxi c (Cu xc tc) to ra anehit c/T A, vit phng trnh phn ng to ra C (l ng phn ca ancol A) s:Propanol-1 Cu 6: T khi hi i vi khng kh ca mt ancol no bng 2,13. Khi cho 3,1g ancol tc dng ht vi Na thy thot ra 1,12lt H2 (kc). Hi ancol l n chc hay a chc, vit CTCT ca ancol ? Bi 7: Mt ancol no A c t khi hi i vi khng kh l 2,57. Ngi ta ly 3,7gam ancol cho tc dng ht vi Na thu c 0,56lt H2 (ktc) a/Tm CTPT ca A b/Xc nh CTCT ca A bit rng khi un nng 1800C c H2SO4 c ta thu c 2 olefin ? s:C4H9OH Cu 8. t chy hon ton mt ancol X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th tch kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c ( cng iu kin ). Cng thc phn t ca X? Cu 9. Khi t chy hon ton 6,44g mt ancol no mch h A th thu c 9,24g CO2 . Mt khc khi cho 1 mol A tc dng vi K thu c 33,6l H2 ( ktc). Tm cng thc phn t vit cng thc cu to ca A? Cu 10. X l ancol no mch h khi t chy hon ton 1 mol X cn va 3,5 mol O 2. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X? Cu 11. t chy hon ton 0,5 mol mt ancol no a chc X thu c 33,6l CO 2 ktc. Xc nh CTPT, vit CTCT ca X bit MX = 92. 2. HN HP RU Cu 11. Cho natri phn ng hon ton vi 18,8g hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng sinh ra 5,6 lt kh hiro (ktc). Xc nh cng thc phn t hai ancol? Cu 12. Hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h A, B k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho 3,35 g hh X phn ng vi Na th thu c 0,56 lt H2 (ktc) . Xc nh CTCT thu gn ca A, B? Cu 13. Cho Na phn ng hon ton vi 18,8 g hh 2 ancol k tip nhau trong dy ng ng ca ancol etylic thy sinh ra 5,6 lt H2(ktc). Xc nh CTPT 2 ancol? Cu 14. Cho hh gm 1,6 g ancol A v 2,3 g ancol B l 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi Na c 1,12 lt H2 ( ktc). Xc nh CTPT 2 ancol? Cu 15. Cho 15,6 g hh 2 ancol n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi 9,2g Na thu c 24,5g cht rn. Xc nh hai ancol ? Cu 16. cho 2,84 gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol n chc , l ng ng k tip nhau tc dng va vi Na to ra 4,6 gam cht rn v V lt kh H2 (ktc). Xc nh gi tr ca V v CTPT ca hai ancol? Cu 17. cho 1,52 gam hn hp hai ancol n chc l ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi Na va , sau phn ng thu c 2,18 gam cht rn. X cng thc phn t ca hai ancol? Cu 18: Cho 11g hn hp gm hn hp gm hai ancol no n chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi Na thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 (kc). Vit CTPT v CTCT ca hai ancoltrn? s:CH3OH; C2H5OH Cu 19: Cho 28,2g hn hp hai ancol no n chc, mch h k nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi Na (ly d), sinh ra 8,4 lt kh H2 (kc). Vit CTCT ca hai ancol v tnh thnh phn % v khi lng ca chng trong hn hp, bit phn ng xy ra hon ton? s:CH3OH (51,06%); C2H5OH (48,94%) Cu 20: Cho 28,2gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi Na thu c 8,4 lt H2(ktc). Vit CTCT ca hai ancol trn v tnh thnh phn % khi lng ca chng, bit phn ng xy ra hon ton? s: 51,06%CH3OH; 48.94%C2H5OH Cu 21: Cho 25,8gam hn hp hai ancol no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi Na d thu c 5,6 lt H2(ktc). Vit CTPT ca hai ru trn v tnh thnh phn % khi lng ca chng ? Cu 22: Hn hp A cha Glixerol v mt ancol no, n chc, mch h. Cho 20,3 gam A tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,04lt H2 (ktc) mt khc 8,12gam A ha tan va ht 1,96gam Cu(OH)2. Hy xc nh CTPT v % khi lng ca ancol trong hn hp A? s:C4H9OH(54,95%) Cu 23. t chy hon ton m gam 2 ancol l ng ng k tip ca nhau thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 7,65 g H2O. Mt khc nu cho m gam hn hp 2 ancol trn tc dng vi Na th thu c 2,8 lt kh H2 (ktc). Xc nh CTPT vit CTCT ca hai ancol trn? Cu 24: t chy 23g mt hp cht hu c A thu c 44g CO2 v 27g H2O. a/Chng minh rng A l mt hp cht no c cha Oxi. b/Xc nh CTCT ca A bit rng A tc dng vi Na to ra kh H2 . 4

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500 Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh c/Mt hn hp X gm A v mt hp cht B thuc cng dy ng ng vi A, khi lng ca X l 18,8g. X tc dng vi Na d to ra 5,6lt H2 (kc). Xc inh B v thnh phn hn hp X? s:C2H5OH(0,2mol); CH3OH(0,3mol). Cu 25: Cho 16,6 gam hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol propylic phn ng ht vi Na d thu c 3,36 lt H2(ktc). Tnh thnh phn % khi lng cc ru c trong hn hp? s: 27,7%C2H5OH Cu 26. Chia m gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol A v B thnh 2 phn bng nhau : Phn 1 : Cho tc dng vi Na d thu c 1,68 lt H2 (ktc) Phn 2 : t chy hon ton thu c 9,9 gam CO2 v 6,75 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m ? Cu 27. t chy hn hp 2 ancol n chc k tip trong cng dy ng ng thu c CO2 v hi nc theo t l th tch VCO2 : VH2O = 7 : 10. Tm cng thc cu to v % s mol ca cc ancol ? Cu 28. Cho hn hp X gm 0,05 mol ancol no n chc mch h v 0,1 mol ancol n chc mch h cha mt lin kt i. a) Xc nh CTPT ca cc ancol, bit khi t chy hon ton hh X thu c 10,08 l CO2 ( ktc)? b) Vit CTCT ca cc ng phn ca cc ancol. T xc nh CTCT ca cc ancol trong hh X. Bit chng u khng tham gia phn ng tch nc ( H2SO4 , 1700C ). Cu 29. Mt hn hp gm C2H5OH v ankanol A ( MA > 46 ). t chy cng s mol mi ancol th lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 lng nc sinh ra t ancol kia. Nu un hh vi H2SO4 c 1800C th ch thu c hai olefin . Xc nh CTPT vit CTCT ca cc ancol ? Cu 30. t chy hon ton a(g) hh X gm 3 ancol n chc A, B, C thuc cng dy ng ng th thu c 4,4 g CO2 v 2,7g H2O a) Xc nh dy ng ng ca 3 ancol trn v vit CTTQ ca chng? b) Cho 2,3 g hh X tc dng vi Na d. Tnh th tch H2 thu c ktc? Cu 31. Cho 7,6gam hn hp C2H5OH v C3H7OH tc dng ht vi Na ngi ta thu c 1,68 lt H2(ktc) a/ Xc nh khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp b/ t chy ht 15,2gam hn hp trn cn bao nhiu lt kh oxi (o 1atm v 250C) c/ Dn ton b sn phm t chy trn vo 1050ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Tnh khi lng mui to thnh? s:a/ C2H5OH(4,6g); C3H7OH(3g); b/25,67lt; c/NaHCO3(29,4g); Na2CO3(37,1g) Cu 32. Mt hn hp A gm hai ancol lin tip thuc dy ng ng ca ancol etylic. Nu ly 5,3g hn hp A cho tc dng vi Na d ri dn kh thot ra cho qua CuO d nung nng thu c 0,9g nc .Nu t chy han ton 1,06g hn hp A cho kh thot ra vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d th c 5 gam kt ta a/ Tm CTPT, CTCT ca hai ancol? b/ Tnh % theo khi lng ca hai ancol trong hn hp A ? s:C2H5OH (43,4%) v C3H7OH(56,6%) Cu 33. t chy hon ton a (g) hn hp hai ancol thuc dy ng ng ca ru etylic thu c 70,4g CO2 v 39,6g H2O. Tnh gi tri a v thnh phn % v khi lng ca hai ancol trong hn hp, bit t khi hi ca mi ru so vi Oxi u nh hn 2? s: C2H5OH (27,71%); C3H7OH (72,29%) Cu 34. Mt hn hp C2H5OH v ankanol A. t chy cng s mol mi ancol th lng H2O sinh ra t ru ny bng 5/3 lng H2O sinh ra t ancol kia. Nu un nng hn hp vi H2SO4 c ch thu c 2 olefin. xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca A? s:C4H9OH Cu 35. t chy hon ton 1,8g mt cht hu c X thu c 3,96g CO2 v 2,16g H2O. T khi X so vi khng kh bng 2,069 a/Xc nh CTPT ca X b/X tc dng vi Na, b oxi ha bi Oxi khi Cu xc tc to thnh anhit. Vit CTCT gi tn X c/Trn 120g X vi 180g axit axtic v un nng khi c H2SO4 c th to ra bao nhiu g sn phm (cht hu c) nu hiu sut phn ng l 68% ? s:C3H7OH; 138,72g Cu 36. t chy hon ton a (g) hn hp hai ancol thuc dy ng ng ca ancol etylic thu c 70,4g CO 2 v 39,6g H2O. Tnh gi tri a v thnh phn % v khi lng ca hai ru trong hn hp, bit t khi hi ca mi ancol so vi Oxi u nh hn 2 s:C2H5OH (27,71%); C3H7OH (72,29%) Cu 37. t chy 23g mt hp cht hu c A thu c 44g CO2 v 27g H2O. a/ Chng minh rng A l mt hp cht no c cha Oxi. b/ Xc nh CTCT ca A bit rng A tc dng vi Na to ra kh H2 . c / Mt hn hp X gm A v mt hp cht B thuc cng dy ng ng vi A, khi lng ca X l 18,8g. X tc dng vi Na d to ra 5,6lt H2 (kc). Xc inh B v thnh phn hn hp X s:C2H5OH(0,2mol);CH3OH(0,3mol) 5

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500 Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh Cu 38. Trong mt bnh kn dung tch 16(l) cha hn hp hi ca 3 ancol n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Gi nhit bnh 136,50C ri bm thm 17,9g Oxi vo bnh thy p sut bnh t n 1,68atm. Bt tia la in t chy ht hn hp. Sn phm chy cho qua bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 22,92g ng thi sut hin 30g kt ta a/ Nu sau khi bt tia la in t chy ht hn hp ancol gi bnh 2730C th p sut kh trong bnh l bao nhiu. b/ Xc nh cng thc ca 3 ancol. s:p=2,658atm; CH3OH Cu 39. a /t chy hon ton mt lng ancol n chc A thu c 13,2g CO 2 v 8,1g H2O. Xc nh CTCT ca A b/ Hn hp X gm A, B l ng ng ca nhau. Khi cho 18,8g hn hp X tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,6(l) H2 (kc). Xc nh CTCT ca B v s mol ca mi ancol trong X c/ t chy hon ton hn hp X trn ri cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng nc vi trong d thu c 35g kt ta tnh khi lng em t chy. d/ Oxi ha m(g) hn hp X trn bng Oxi c bt Cu xc tc thu c hn hp Y cho hn hp Y tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 d thu c 8,64g kt ta. Tnh m? s:A:C2H5OH, B:CH3OH ;0,2(mol) v 0,3( mol) ;c/9,4g; d/m=0,94g Cu 40. Ha hi hon ton 6,42g hn hp X gm hai ancol no A v B ( 81,90C v 1,3atm) c mt hn hp hi ca hai ancol c th tch 2,352(l). Cho cng lng hn hp ru X ny tc dng vi Kali d thu c 1,848(l) kh H2 (kc).Mt khc t chy hon ton cng lng hn hp X thu c 11,2g kh CO2. Xc nh CTPT v khi lng ancol, bit rng s nhm chc trong B nhiu hn trong A mt n v? s:A:C3H7OH(2,7g);B:C2H4(OH)2(3,72g) Cu 41. t chy hon ton m(g) hn hp X gm hai ancol A v B thuc cng dy ng ng c 6,72(l) CO 2 v 7,65g H2O. Mt khc m(g) X tc dng ht vi Na c 2,8(l) H2 (kc) a/ Xc nh CTCT ca A v B. Bit t khi hi ca mi cht trong hn hp X so vi H2 u nh hn 46. b/ Tnh % v khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp X. s:m=8,45g C2H4(OH)2(55%) v C3H6(OH)2(45%) hoc C2H4(OH)2(73,37%) v C4H8(OH)2(26,63%)

TON: PHN NG TCH NC TO ANKEN-ETE

Bi 1. un nng 7,8 gam mt hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h vi H2SO4 c 1400C thu c 6 gam hh Y gm 3 ete. Bit 3 ete c s mol bng nhau v phn ng xy ra hon ton. Xc nh CTPT ca 2 ancol? Bi 2. Cho 11g hn hp 2 ancol n chc vo bnh ng Na (d) thy thot ra 3,36 lt H2 ( ktc). Nu cho hh ancol vo dung dch H2SO4 c 1400C thu c mg ete ( hiu sut phn ng t 80%). Gi tr ca m? Bi 3. un nng 7,8 gam mt hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h vi H2SO4 c 1400C thu c 6 gam hh Y gm 3 ete. Bit 3 ete c s mol bng nhau v phn ng xy ra hon ton. CTPT ca 2 ancol? Bi 4. khi un nng m gam ancol no n chc mch h X vi H2SO4 c lm xc tc nhit thch hp thu c m2 gam hp cht hu c B. T khi hi ca B so vi X l 0,7. X CTCT ca X? Bi 5: un nng mt hn hp gm hai ancol no n, mch h chc vi H 2SO4 c 1400C thu c 21,6g H2O v 72g hn hp 3 ete. Xc nh CTCT ca hai ancol trn bit 3 ete thu c c s mol bng nhau v phn ng xy ra hon ton?s:CH3OH; C2H5OH Bi 6. un 1,66 hn hp hai ancol vi H2SO4 c, thu c hai anken ng ng k tip ca nhau. Hiu sut gi thit l 100 %. Nu t hn hp anken cn dng 2,688 lt kh O2 (ktc). Tm cng thc cu to 2 ancol? Bi 7: iu ch etylen ngi ta un nng ancol etylic 950 vi axit H2SO4 c 1700C. Tnh th tch ancol 950 cn a vo phn ng thu c 2 lt etylen (ktc). Bit hiu sut phn ng t 60%, khi lng ring ca etylic l 0,8g/ml. Tnh lng ete sinh ra khi un nng mt th tich ancol nh trn 140 0C vi axit H2SO4 c. Bit hiu sut cng t 60% ? s:8,99ml; 3,3g Bi 8: Kh nc hon ton hn hp hai ancol ta thu c hn hp 2 anken ng ng lin tip co t khi hi i vi H2 l 23,8 a/Tm CTPT vit CTCT v tnh % khi lng ca hai ancol trong hn hp b/Tnh khi lng CO2 v hi nc to thnh khi t chy han 6,56g hn hp hai ancol trn ? Bi 9: um m gam hn hp A gm ancol etylic v propylic vi H2SO4 c ta c hn hp olefin kh X. Ton b X lm mt mu 1lt dung dch brom 0,5M (va ). Bit t khi hi ca X so vi H2 l 16,8. a/Tnh gi tr ca m 6

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500 Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh b/Tnh th tch oxi (ktc) cn t chy 1/10 hn hp A ni trn? s:m=25,8g; 4,032lt Bi 10: un nng mt ancol n chc vi H2SO4 ta thu hircacbon c cu to i xng, 14g hircacbon tc dng va vi 40g Br2. Xc nh CTCT ca ancol ban u? s:C2H5OH Bi 11: Cho p(g) hn hp hai ancol tc dng vi Na thy thot ra x(l) H2. .Nu un p(g) hn hp ancol vi axit H2SO4 1800C th thu c V(l) hn hp hai Olfin ng ng lin tip. t cc Olfin ny c y(l) CO2 a/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng di dng tng qut (dng cng thc chung) lp cc biu thc tnh x, y theo p v V. b/ Cho p=4,48g; V=1,568(l); hy xc nh CTCT v tnh % ca mi ru trong hn hp, bit rng hiu sut cc phn ng l 100%? s:67%;63% Bi 12:un nng hn hp 3 ancol X, Y, Z (u c s nguyn t C ln hn 1) vi H2SO4 c 1700C thu c hn hp 2 Olfin l ng ng lin tip. Ly 2 trong s 3 ancol trn un vi H2SO4 c 1400C c 1,32g hn hp 3 ete. Mt khc lm bay hi 1,32g 3 ete ny c th tch ng bng th tch ca 0,48 g Oxi (o cng iu kin) a/ Xc nh CTCT ca ba ancol X, Y, Z. b/ t chy hon ton 1,32g 3 ete ni trn ri cho ton b kh CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo 250ml Ba(OH)2 c nng x (mol/l) th thu c 9,85g kt ta. Tnh x s:C2H5OH; C3H7OH; x=0,2M Bi 13:Hn hp kh X gm hai anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. t chy hon ton 5(l) hn hp X cn va 18(l) oxi (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit p sut ). 1/ Xc nh CTPT ca hai anken. 2/ Hirat ha hon ton mt th tch X vi iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp ru Y, trong t l v khi cc ru bc 1 so vi ru bc 2 l 28:15 a/ Xc nh % khi lng mi ru trong hn hp ru Y b/ Cho hn hp ru Y th hi qua Cu un nng, nhng ru no b oxi ha thnh anhit? Vit phng trnh phn ng? s:C2H4 v C3H6 %1-C3H7OH=34,88% ;%C2H5OH=53,49%; %nC3H7OH=11,63% Bi 14. Mt ancol n chc A tc dng vi HBr cho hp cht B cha 54,8% Br v khi lng. Nu un nng A vi H2SO4 c thu c 3 anken. Vit CTCT ca A, B v cc anken? Bi 15. un 2,72 gam hn hp hai ancol vi H2SO4 c n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hai anken lin tip. Trn hai anken ny vi 24,64 lt khng kh nhit 00C, p sut 1atm thu c hn hp X. t chy hon ton hn hp X trong bnh kn thu c hn hp Y. Sau khi ngng t ht hi nc trong Y thu c hn hp Z c th tch l15,009 lt 27oC v 1,6974 atm. Tm CTPT v khi lng ca cc ancol trong hn hp? Bit O2 chim 20% th tch khng kh? Bi 16. cho t t hp hai ancol no n chc mch h c cng s nguyn t C vo H2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c 3 olfin( hn hp X). t chy hon ton 2,24 lt hn hp X ktc thu c 17,6 gam CO2. XCTCT ca 3 olfin v 2 ancol? Bi 17. Thc hin phn ng tch nc mt ancol n chc A iu kin thch hp, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c cht hu c B. T khi ca B so vi A bng 1,7. xc nh CTCT ca A? Bi 18. un nng hn hp ancol 2 n chc mch h vi H2SO4 c c hn hp cc este. Ly mt trong cc este em t chy hon ton ta c nx:nCO2 : nH2O = 0,25:1:1. Xc nh cng thc ca cc ancol. Bi 19. Cho Vl (ktc) hh kh gm 2 olefin lin tip nhau trong dy ng ng hp nc ( c H2SO4 long xc nh) thu c 6,45g hh gm 3 ancol ( hh A ). em un hh A trong H2SO4c 1400C thu c 5,325g hh B gm 6 este khan. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca cc olefin cc ancol v cc este. ( Bit hiu sut phn ng 100% ). Bi 20. un nng 132,8g hh B gm 3 ancol no, n chc mch h AOH, BOH, ROH vi H 2SO4 c 1400C thu c 111,2g hh 6 este c s mol bng nhau. Mt khc un nng hn hp B vi H2SO4 c thu c hh kh ch gm 2 anken. a) Xc nh cng thc phn t , vit cng thc cu to ca cc ancol? b) Tnh % khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp B? c) Tnh % khi lng mi anken trong hh ca chng? Cu 21. Chia a gam hn hp 2 acol no, n chc, mch h thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt mang t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Phn hai tch nc hon ton thu c hn hp 2 anken. t chy hon ton 2 anken ny c m gam H2O, xc nh gi tr ca m?

TON: PHN NG OXI HA RU BNG CuO, t0

7

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500 Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh Cu 1. Oxi ha hon ton 0,88g mt ancol no, n chc, mch h A bng mt lng CuO d nung nng. Sau th nghim thy khi lng bt ng oxit gim 2,4gam ng thi thu c m gam hn hp CO2 v H2O a/Tnh m b/Tm CTPT ca A c/Vit CTCT v gi tn cc ng phn c phn ng vi Na ? s: m=3,28g; C5H12O Cu 2. Chia hn hp A gm ancol metylic v 1 ru ng ng thnh 3 phn bng nhau : -Cho phn th nht tc dng ht vi Na thy bay ra 336ml H2 (kc) . -Oxi ha phn th 2 bng CuO thnh anhit (hiu sut 100%), sau cho tc dng vi AgNO 3 trong NH3 d th thu c 10,8g Ag -Cho phn th 3 bay hi v trn vi mt lng d oxi th thu c 5,824(l) kh ( 136,50C v 0,75atm).Sau khi bt tia la in t chy ht ru th thu c 5,375(l) kh ( 136,50C v 1 atm). a/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra b/ Xc nh CTPT ca ru ng ng. s:C4H9OH Cu 3. t chy hon ton 1,8g mt cht hu c X thu c 3,96g CO2 v 2,16g H2O. T khi X so vi khng kh bng 2,069 a/ Xc nh CTPT ca X b/ X tc dng vi Na, b oxi ha bi Oxi khi Cu xc tc to thnh anhit. Vit CTCT gi tn X c/ Trn 120g X vi 180g axit axtic v un nng khi c H2SO4 c th to ra bao nhiu g sn phm (cht hu c) nu hiu sut phn ng l 68%? s:C3H7OH; 138,72g Cu 4. Chia hn hp A gm metylic v 1 ru ng ng thnh 3 phn bng nhau : -Cho phn th nht tc dng ht vi Na thy bay ra 336ml H2 (kc) . -Oxi ha phn th 2 bng Cu thnh anhit (hiu sut 100%), sau cho tc dng vi AgNO 3 trong NH3 d th thu c 10,8g Ag -Cho phn th 3 bay hi v trn vi mt lng d oxi th thu c 5,824(l) kh ( 136,50C v 0,75atm).Sau khi bt tia la in t chy ht ru th thu c 5,375(l) kh ( 136,50C v 1 atm). a/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra b/ Xc nh CTPT ca ancol ng ng. s:C4H9OH Cu 5. t chy hon ton m(g) hn hp hai ancol no n chc mch h ri cho sn phm thu c vo bnh th nht ng P2O5 v vo bnh th hai ng NaOH d. Sau th nghim khi lng bnh th nht tng 12,6g v bnh th hai tng 22g . a/ Xc nh gi tr m v CTPT ca hai ancol ni trn. Bit phn t ca chng hn km nhau mt nhm CH2 b/ Oxi ha m(g) hn hp hai ancol trn Cu t nng. Sau ly sn phm em thc hin phn ng trng gng th thu c Ag khng ln hn 21,6g. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc.Tnh khi lng ca mi ru v vit CTCT ca chng? s:m=10,6g; C2H5OH(4,6g); C3H7OH(6g) Cu 6. +)Th nghim 1:Trn 0,015mol ancol no A vi 0,02mol ancol no B ri cho hn hp tc dng ht vi Na c 1,008(l) H2 (kc) +)Th nghim 2: Trn 0,02 mol A vi 0,015mol B ri cho hn hp tc dng ht vi Na c 0,952(l) H2 (kc) +)Th nghim 3: t chy hon ton 1 lng hn hp ancol nh trong th nghim 1 ri cho tt c sn phm chy I qua bnh ng CaO mi nung d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 6,21g . a/ Tm CTPT v CTCT gi tn cc ancol? b/ Cho 1 lng hn hp ancol nh th nghim 2 tham gia phn ng este ha vi 6 g axt axtic. Tnh khi lng mi este thu c gi s hiu sut phn ng este ha l 100% ? s:A:Etylenglycol ; B:Glixrol 2,92g v 3,27g

CHUYN : PHENOL
I. L THUYT
SGK-11NC 1. Hy vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn c cng thc phn t C7H8O cha vng benzen. Gi tn v phn loi chng theo nhm chc. 8

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500 Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh 2. Cho phenol tc dng vi hiro c xc tc Ni v un nng th thu c xiclohexanol. Vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng v ngh phng php tch ly xiclohexanol v thu hi phenol cn d (da vo tnh cht vt l v ho hc). 3. Hy nhn bit cc cht trong cc nhm sau y da vo tnh cht vt l v ho hc ca chng : a) Phenol, etanol v xiclohexanol. clorua. b) p-Crezol, glixerol v benzyl

4. Hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng sau, v r vng benzen : a) oBrC6H4CH2Br + NaOH (dd) ; b) p-HOCH2C6H4OH + HBr c) mHOCH2C6H4OH + NaOH (dd) ; d) p-CH3C6H4OH + Br2 (dd) 5. Hin nay, trong cng nghip ngi ta iu ch etanol v phenol nh th no ? Vit s phn ng ? THAM KHAO Bi 1 1. Phnol l g ? Phn bit Phnol v ru thm ? Cho v d ? 2. Vit cng thc cu to ca cc hp cht thm c cu to phn t C7H8O v gi tn 3. Nu v vit phng trnh phn ng minh ho tnh cht ho hc ca Phnol 4. Nu nh hng qua li trong phn t Phnol. vit phng trnh phn ng minh ho 5. So snh mc linh ng ca nguyn t H trong nhm - OH ca Phnol v ru tylic. Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ho 6. Chng minh rng Phnol c tnh axit v l axit yu Bi 2 CH2OH Cho hp cht c cng thc cu to HO Vit phng trnh phn ng khi cho vht ny tc dng vi K; KOH; Dung dch Br2; HCl Bi 3: Cho Na ln lt vo ru etylic; axit axetic; phenol. Trng hp no xy ra phn ng? Nu thay bng dung dch NaOH; Na2CO3 th kt qu th no. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng Bi 4: a/ T vi v cc cht v c cn thit hy iu ch phenol v axit picric b/ Axit benzylic t phenol v ngc li Bi 5: i t cht ban u l metan, cc cht v c v iu kin phn ng cn thit hy vit phng trnh iu ch: a/ Nha phenolfomanehit b/ Anehit benzoic Bi 6. T Tluen v cc cht v c cn thit, hy vit cc phng trnh iu ch : a) C6H5CH2OH b) p CH3C6H4OH Bi 7. a/ T Benzen c th iu ch c m Nitrophnol b/ xi ho Xiclohexanol bng axit Nitric c thu c axit Aipic. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng Bi 8: Bng phng php ha hc hy phn bit cc cht lng: a/ Benzen; phenol; ru benzylic; stiren; toluen b/ Phenol; ru n-propylic; glixerin Bi 9: a/ C 2 ng nghim khng nhn cha tng cht ring bit : ru butylic, phenol (lng). Bng phng php ha hc, hy nhn bit xem ng nghim no ng cht g ? Vit phng trnh phn ng. b/ Cho 1 hn hp gm ru butylic v phenol. Bng phng php ha hc , hy tch 2 cht ra khi nhau . Vit phng trnh phn ng.

X + NaOH A + Na2CO3 A I + H2 I L Bi 10: Hon thnh s sau L + Cl2 M + HCl M + NaOH N + P + H2O N + HCl P + Q P + HNO3 Axt Picric + H2O 9

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500

Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh

Bi 11

1. Hon thnh s sau : Cl2 HO A B 2

A1
NaO H NaO H

CuO

AgNO3/NH3

E A3 B3
O3,N HNH 3

G A4

H2SO4 H2SO
4

C3H4O2 A5

2. A l mt trong s cc ng phn ca C8H10 AgNcng thc C6H5-C2H5 c A

Cl2/a s

A2

CuO, t H2SO

B1

B2

II. TON PHENOL

4 1700 C

Plime

Bi 1:Cho 62,4g dung dch gm phenol, ru etylic c ln nc tc dng vi Na kim loi th thu c 11,2 lt kh (ktc) . Mt khc, nu cho lng hn hp ny tc dng vi 200ml dung dch NaOH 2M th va . Tm thnh phn % v khi lng ca hn hp s:%C6H5OH=60,256; %C2H5OH=36,859; %H2O=2,885 Bi 2 :a/ Dung dch Natri phenolat b vn c khi thi kh CO2 vo .Vit pt phn ng v gii thch hin tng b/ Cho nc brom d v dung dch phenol thu c 6,62g kt ta trng. Tnh khi lng phenol c trong dung dch?s:1,88g Bi 3:Mt dung dch cha 6,1g cht ng ng ca phenol n chc. Cho dung dch trn tc dng vi nc brom d thu c 17,95g hp cht cha ba nguyn t brom trong phn t .Xc nh CTPT ca cht s:C8H10O Bi 4: Mt hn hp gm ru metylic, ru etylic v phenol c khi lng 28,9g. Chia hn hp thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 cho phn ng hon ton vi Na cho 2,806(l) H2 ( 270C, 750mm Hg). Phn 2 cho phn ng va ht vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M a/ Vit cc phn ng xy ra b/ Tnh thnh phn % cc cht trong hn hp? s:%CH3OH=11,07; %C2H5OH=23,88 Bi 5 :t chy 5,8g cht hu c Ata thu c 2,65g Na2CO3, 2,25g H2O v 12,1g CO2 a/ Xc nh C.T.P.T. ca A, bit 1 phn t A ch cha 1 nguyn t oxi b/ Cho kh CO2 sc vo dung dch ca A thu c cht B l mt dn xut ca benzen . trung ha a(g) hn hp gm B v mt ng ng tip theo C ca B cn dng 200(g) dung dch NaOH nng (6a/31)%. Tnh t l s mol ca B v C trong hn hp X s:nB:nC=12 Bi 6 : a/ Xc nh thnh phn % khi lng hn hp (A) gm benzen, phenol v ru etylic, bit rng : * 71,1(g) (A)trung ha va 2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,25M * 142,2(g) (A) tc dng vi Na d gii phng 14,784lt H2 (o 27,3 C , 1 atm) b/ Tch phenol ra khi 71,1(g) hn hp (A) trn ri cho lng phenol ny tc dng vi 630 (g) HNO3 Phn ng hon ton cho ra 1 sn phm th duy nht cha 18,34% N . Tnh s mol HNO3 cn li s:%C6H5OH=66,1; %C2H5OH=6,47; b/ 8,5mol Bi 7: a/ Axit picric(tc 2,4,6_trintophenol) c iu ch bng cch cho phenol tc dng vi hn hp gm axit nitric c v axit sunfuric c(lm cht xc tc). Vit phng trnh phn ng b/ Cho 47g phenol tc dng vi hn hp gm 200g HNO3 68% v 250g H2SO4 96%. Ga s phn ng xy ra hon ton, hy tnh: Khi lng axit picric sinh ra v nng % HNO 3 cn d sau khi tch ht axit picric ra khi hn hp? s:m=114,5g; C%HNO3 d=10,85 Bi 8: Tm CTPT v CTCT cc cht trong mi trng hp sau: a/ 0,54g mt ng ng ca phenol (n chc) trung ha va bi 10ml NaOH 0,5M b/ t chy hon ton 1,22g mt ru thm n chc thu c 3,52 g CO2 10

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500 Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh Bi 9: t chy hon ton 0,324g hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O). Sn phm chy c dn qua bnh cha 380ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,05ml ta thy kt ta b tan mt phn ng thi khi lng bnh tng ln 1,14g. Cn nu sn phm chy dn qua 220ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M th kt ta cc i. Tm CTPT ca X bit rng t khi hi ca X so vi He l 27 Bi 10: Hn hp gm axit benzoic v phenol lm mt mu va 1,5kg nc Brom 3,2%. trung ha cc cht sau th nghim phi dng 180,2ml dung dch NaOH 10% (D=1,11 g/ml). Xc nh thnh phn hn hp

B. TRC NGHIM Cu 1c: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l

11

GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500

Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh

A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1). B. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). C. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). D. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1). Cu 2d: Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon ton hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l A. C2H5OH v C4H9OH. B. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2. C. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3. D. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2. Cu 3a: Oxi ho ancol n chc X bng CuO (un nng), sinh ra mt sn phm hu c duy nht l xeton Y (t khi hi ca Y so vi kh hiro bng 29). Cng thc cu to ca X l A. CH3-CHOH-CH3. B. CH3-CH2-CHOH-CH3. C. CH3-CO-CH3. D. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH. Cu 4d: t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th tch kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c ( cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C3H8O3. B. C3H4O. C. C3H8O2. D. C3H8O. Cu 5b: Khi thc hin phn ng tch nc i vi ru (ancol) X, ch thu c mt anken duy nht. Oxi ho hon ton mt lng cht X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 5,4 gam nc. C bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph hp vi X? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16) A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. Cu 6a: Oxi ho m gam etanol thu c hn hp X gm axetanehit, axit axetic, nc v etanol d. Cho ton b X tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3 (d), thu c 0,56 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Khi lng etanol b oxi ho to ra axit l A. 1,15 gam. B. 4,60 gam. C. 5,75 gam. D. 2,30 gam Cu 7a: Cho hn hp hai anken ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi nc (c H2SO4 lm xc tc) thu c hn hp Z gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y. t chy hon ton 1,06 gam hn hp Z sau hp th ton b sn phm chy vo 2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu c dung dch T trong nng ca NaOH bng 0,05M. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X v Y l (Cho: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k) A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH. C. C2H5OH v C4H9OH. D. C4H9OH v C5H11OH. Cu 8b: C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn cu to ca nhau m phn t ca chng c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18%? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16) A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. Cu 9d: Ln men hon ton m gam glucoz thnh ancol etylic. Ton b kh CO2 sinh ra trong qu trnh ny c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 (d) to ra 40 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut ca qu trnh ln men l 75% th gi tr ca m l A. 30. B. 58. C. 60. D. 48. Cu 10b: Cho 15,6 gam hn hp hai ancol (ru) n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23) A. C3H5OH v C4H7OH. B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH. D. CH3OH v C2H5OH. Cu 11d: t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d), thu c cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y l: A. C2H6O2, C3H8O2. B. C2H6O, CH4O. C. C3H6O, C4H8O. D. C2H6O, C3H8O. Cu 12a: t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c H2O v CO2 vi t l s mol tng ng l 3:2. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C2H6O2. B. C2H6O. C. C3H8O2. D. C4H10O2. Cu 13b: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 ( ktc). Mt khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung dch c mu xanh lam. Gi tr ca m v tn gi ca X tng ng l

A. 4,9 v glixerol. C. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol.

B. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol. D. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol

Cu 14b: Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ru (ancol) n chc X th thu c kt qu: tng khi lng ca cacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ru (ancol) ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l A. 3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 1. Cu 15b: Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), sn phm chnh thu c l

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GV: Nguyn Vn Th-0977722500

Trng THPT Chuyn Hong Vn Th-Ha Bnh

A. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en). B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en). C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en). D. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en). Cu 16c: Ln men m gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng kh CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch nc vi trong, thu c 10 gam kt ta. Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 3,4 gam so vi khi lng dung dch nc vi trong ban u. Gi tr ca m l A. 13,5. B. 20,0. C. 15,0. D. 30,0. Cu 17d: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol (ru) etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO2 sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k dung dch X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Ca = 40) A. 550. B. 810. C. 650. D. 750. Cu 18a: Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H2 l 13,75). Cho ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A. 7,8. B. 8,8. C. 7,4. D. 9,2. Cu 19b: Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to nh sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X); HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH (Y); HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z); CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (R); CH3-CHOH-CH2OH (T). Nhng cht tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh lam l A. X, Y, R, T. B. X, Z, T. C. Z, R, T. D. X, Y, Z, T.

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