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Chapter 1: Organizational Behavior and Management.....................................................................................................7
I. What Are Organizations?.................................................................................................................................................................7A. Social Inventions .....................................................................................................................................................................7B. Goal Accomplishment ...............................................................................................................................................................7C. Group Effort ...........................................................................................................................................................................7II. What Is Organizational Behavior?....................................................................................................................................................7III. Why Study Organizational Behavior?..............................................................................................................................................7A. Organizational Behavior is Interesting .........................................................................................................................................7B. Organizational Behavior is Important ..........................................................................................................................................7C. Organizational Behavior Makes a Difference .................................................................................................................................7IV. How Much Do You Know about Organizational Behavior?.....................................................................................................................7V. Goals of Organizational Behavior......................................................................................................................................................7A. Predicting Organizational Behavior .............................................................................................................................................7B. Explaining Organizational Behavior .............................................................................................................................................7C. Managing Organizational Behavior ..............................................................................................................................................8VI. Early Prescriptions Concerning Management.....................................................................................................................................8A. The Classical View and Bureaucracy ............................................................................................................................................8B. The Human Relations Movement and a Critique of Bureaucracy .......................................................................................................8VII. Contemporary Management — The Contingency Approach.................................................................................................................8VIII. What Do Managers Do?..............................................................................................................................................................8A. Managerial Roles .....................................................................................................................................................................8B. Managerial Activities ................................................................................................................................................................8C. Managerial Agendas .................................................................................................................................................................8D. Managerial Minds ....................................................................................................................................................................9E. International Managers .............................................................................................................................................................9IX. Some Contemporary Management Concerns.....................................................................................................................................9A. Diversity — Local and Global .....................................................................................................................................................9B. Employee-Organization Relationships ..........................................................................................................................................9C. A Focus on Quality, Speed, and Flexibility ....................................................................................................................................9D. Employee Recruitment and Retention .........................................................................................................................................9
Chapter 2: Personality and Learning..............................................................................................................................10
I. What is Personality?.....................................................................................................................................................................10II. Personality and Organizational Behavior.........................................................................................................................................10A. The Five-Factor Model of Personality .........................................................................................................................................10B. Locus of Control .....................................................................................................................................................................10C. Self-Monitoring ......................................................................................................................................................................10D. Self-Esteem ..........................................................................................................................................................................10E. Recent Developments in Personality and Organizational Behavior ..................................................................................................10III. What is Learning?......................................................................................................................................................................11IV. Operant Learning Theory.............................................................................................................................................................11V. Increasing the Probability of Behavior ............................................................................................................................................11A. Positive Reinforcement ............................................................................................................................................................11B. Negative Reinforcement ..........................................................................................................................................................11C. Organizational Errors Involving Reinforcement ............................................................................................................................11D. Reinforcement Strategies ........................................................................................................................................................11VI. Reducing the Probability of Behavior..............................................................................................................................................12A. Extinction .............................................................................................................................................................................12B. Punishment ...........................................................................................................................................................................12C. Using Punishment Effectively ...................................................................................................................................................12VII. Social Cognitive Theory..............................................................................................................................................................121
 
A. Modeling ..............................................................................................................................................................................12B. Self-Efficacy ..........................................................................................................................................................................12C. Self-Regulation ......................................................................................................................................................................12VIII. Organizational Learning Practices...............................................................................................................................................12A. Organizational Behavior Modification .........................................................................................................................................12B. Employee Recognition Programs ...............................................................................................................................................12C. Training Programs ..................................................................................................................................................................13D. Career Development ..............................................................................................................................................................13
Chapter 3: Perception, Attribution, and Judgment of Others.........................................................................................14
I. What Is Perception?......................................................................................................................................................................14II. Components of Perception............................................................................................................................................................14A. The Perceiver ........................................................................................................................................................................14B. The Target ............................................................................................................................................................................14C. The Situation ........................................................................................................................................................................14III. Social Identity Theory ................................................................................................................................................................14V. Basic Biases in Person Perception...................................................................................................................................................14A. Primacy and Recency Effects ....................................................................................................................................................14B. Reliance on Central Traits ........................................................................................................................................................14C. Implicit Personality Theories ....................................................................................................................................................14D. Projection .............................................................................................................................................................................14E. Stereotyping .........................................................................................................................................................................15VI. Attribution: Perceiving Causes and Motives.....................................................................................................................................15A. Consistency Cues ...................................................................................................................................................................15B. Consensus Cues ....................................................................................................................................................................15C. Distinctiveness Cues ...............................................................................................................................................................15D. Attribution in Action ...............................................................................................................................................................15E. Biases in Attribution ...............................................................................................................................................................15VII. Person Perception and Workforce Diversity....................................................................................................................................15A. The Changing Workplace .........................................................................................................................................................15B. Valuing Diversity ....................................................................................................................................................................15C. Stereotypes and Workforce Diversity .........................................................................................................................................15D. Managing Diversity ................................................................................................................................................................16VIII. Perceptions of Trust..................................................................................................................................................................16IX. Perceived organizational support...................................................................................................................................................16X. Person Perception in Human Resources...........................................................................................................................................16A. Perceptions in the Employment Interview ..................................................................................................................................16B. Perceptions of Recruitment and Selection ...................................................................................................................................16C. Perceptions and the Performance Appraisal ................................................................................................................................16A. Objective and Subjective Measures ...........................................................................................................................................16B. Rater Errors ..........................................................................................................................................................................16
Chapter 4: Values, Attitudes, and Work Behavior..........................................................................................................17
I. What Are Values?.........................................................................................................................................................................17A. Occupational Differences in Values ............................................................................................................................................17B. Values Across Cultures ............................................................................................................................................................17C. Implications of Cultural Variation ..............................................................................................................................................17II. What Are Attitudes?....................................................................................................................................................................17III. What Is Job Satisfaction?............................................................................................................................................................17IV. What Determines Job Satisfaction?................................................................................................................................................18A. Discrepancy ..........................................................................................................................................................................18B. Fairness ...............................................................................................................................................................................182
 
C. Disposition ............................................................................................................................................................................18D. Mood and Emotion .................................................................................................................................................................18E. Key Contributors to Job Satisfaction ..........................................................................................................................................18V. Consequences of Job Satisfaction...................................................................................................................................................18A. Absence from Work ................................................................................................................................................................19B. Turnover ...............................................................................................................................................................................19C. Performance .........................................................................................................................................................................19D. Organizational Citizenship Behavior ..........................................................................................................................................19E. Customer Satisfaction and Profit ...............................................................................................................................................19VI. What Is Organizational Commitment?............................................................................................................................................19A. Key Contributors to Organizational Commitment .........................................................................................................................19B. Consequences of Organizational Commitment ............................................................................................................................19C. Changes in the Workplace and Employee Commitment ................................................................................................................19
Chapter 6: Motivation in Practice...................................................................................................................................24
I. Money as a Motivator....................................................................................................................................................................24A. Linking Pay to Performance on Production Jobs ...........................................................................................................................24B. Potential Problems with Wage Incentives ...................................................................................................................................24C. Linking Pay to Performance on White-Collar Jobs ........................................................................................................................24D. Potential Problems with Merit Pay Plans .....................................................................................................................................24E. Using Pay to Motivate Teamwork ..............................................................................................................................................24II. Job Design as a Motivator.............................................................................................................................................................25A. Traditional Views of Job Design ................................................................................................................................................25B. Job Scope and Motivation ........................................................................................................................................................25C. The Job Characteristics Model ..................................................................................................................................................25D. Job Enrichment .....................................................................................................................................................................25E. Potential Problems with Job Enrichment .....................................................................................................................................26A. Flex-time ..............................................................................................................................................................................26B. Compressed Workweek ...........................................................................................................................................................26C. Job Sharing ..........................................................................................................................................................................26D. Telecommuting ......................................................................................................................................................................26
Chapter 7: Groups and Teamwork..................................................................................................................................28
I. What Is a Group?.........................................................................................................................................................................28II. Group Development....................................................................................................................................................................28A. Typical Stages of Group Development .......................................................................................................................................28B. Punctuated Equilibrium ...........................................................................................................................................................28III. Group Structure and Its Consequences..........................................................................................................................................28A. Group Size ............................................................................................................................................................................28B. Diversity of Group Membership ................................................................................................................................................28C. Group Norms ........................................................................................................................................................................29D. Roles ...................................................................................................................................................................................29E. Status ..................................................................................................................................................................................29IV. Group Cohesiveness....................................................................................................................................................................29A. Factors Influencing Cohesiveness .............................................................................................................................................29B. Consequences of Cohesiveness ................................................................................................................................................30V. Social Loafing..............................................................................................................................................................................30VI. What Is a Team?........................................................................................................................................................................30VII. Designing Effective Work Teams..................................................................................................................................................30A. Self-Managed Work Teams ......................................................................................................................................................30B. Cross-Functional Teams ..........................................................................................................................................................31C. Virtual Teams ........................................................................................................................................................................313
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