Name __________________________ Date __________ Algebra 2 with TrigonometryMr. YatesPHI, Fibonacci, & the Natural World
1)
The Fibonacci Sequence starts with the numbers 1 & 1. Then to geteach new number, add the two directly before it. Thus 1+1 = 2, 1+2 =3, and 2+3 = 5. Continue the Fibonacci Sequence:1, 1, 2, 3, 5, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___,…
2)
Spirals : Watch Video1, but pause it around the 1:40 mark. On graphpaper, draw the same Fibonacci-based rectangles and spiral that ViHart draws.*
3)
Pineapple : Continue Video1 to 3:20, then pause it. Like Vi Hart doeswith a pinecone, let’s count the spirals on a pineapple! Use a marker totrace your spirals so you don’t accidentally count one twice. Record thenumber of spirals here in one direction:And in the other direction:Finish Video1. Extra credit if you can bring in some other plant withspirals that we can count!
4)
Phi (
φ
) : Use the quadratic formula to solve this equation: x
2
– x – 1 =0. Show * your work on a sheet of looseleaf lined paper. While findingthe solution, keep all steps accurate to seven places after the decimalpoint (e.g. do not round the square root of 5 as 2.24). Write thepositive solution here: This number is known as the golden ratio, and abbreviated with theGreek letter
φ
(phi, pronounced ‘fee’ or ‘fie’ depending on whom youask).
5)
Notice that if we add one and x to both sides in the above quadraticequation, we get x
2
= x + 1. Check this out by squaring phi:
φ
2
. Whatdo you get?
Do you get the same by adding
φ
+ 1?
6)
Watch Video2. Pause around 1:28. Think back to your biology class.Why does a plant need to maximize the sunlight its leaves get?
7)
Calculate the ratios of successive Fibonacci numbers here. Go out to atleast five decimal places:
======
535231211
======
What do you notice?
8)
Continue Video2. Pause at 4:00. Make a phi Angle-O-Tron and (on aseparate sheet of paper) draw a plant’s leaves (or pinecone, or similar)like Vi does in the video. Mark the spirals.Finish Video2.*
9)
Begin Video3. Pause around 1:05. If the Fibonacci number ratios andthe Lucas number ratios both converge to
φ
, do other sequences worktoo? Pick two non-Fibonacci whole numbers to start your sequence &write them here:
Continue your sequence by adding the two previous numbers to getthe next one, in the same way as Fibonacci and Lucas. Write ten termsof your sequence here:Hooray – name this sequence after yourself. You are now amathematician, having invented a sequence (maybe) no-one everthought about before!Calculate the ratios of each consecutive pair of numbers in yoursequence:
10)
In three-five sentences, summarize the argument for why phi andFibonacci numbers show up in plants.
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