There are more bacteria in your mouth than the total number of humans that have ever lived

on Earth!
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 Prokaryote

NO nucleus NO membrane-bound

organelles

Eukaryote

Nucleus Membrane-bound organelles

Everywhere! Extreme

Hot - thermophiles (boiling hot springs

140) Cold psychrophiles (glaciers) Salty halophiles (Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake carotenoid compounds water orange) Acidic acidophiles (stomachs, acid mine drainage, sulphuric pools) Alkaline alkaliphiles (East African Rift desert)

Spherical streptococcus (sore throat) staphylococcus (food poisoning) Rod Clostridium, Salmonella, Listeria, Bacillus Spiral syphilis

E. coli Lactobacillus Acidophillus Nitrogen-fixing bacteria Sewage treatment bacteria Breaking down of oil spills Cheese, yoghurt

Tuberculosis Syphilis Salmonella Cholera Anthrax Leprosy Bubonic plague Black plague

Antibiotics ..\..\..\My Videos\RealPlayer Downloads\Alexander Fleming - 'The Wonder Drug' - YouTube.webm Antiseptics Colloidal silver Tea tree oil Honey

Bacteria

Autotrophic Sulphur / Iron

Heterotrophic

Light

Saprophytic

Parasitic

Mutualistic

Autotrophic makes their own food Heterotrophic eats other organisms for energy Saprophytic breaks down dead organic matter Mutualistic lives with other organisms Parasitic lives off other organisms diseases

Asexual reproduction - Binary fission mitosis

Only happens in favourable conditions Exponential growth every 20 minutes doubles itself

Sexual reproduction - formation of spores (like in anthrax)

Generally in unfavourable conditions
Spores encyst to wait for favourable conditions Much slower

Two bacteria form a conjugation tube connecting the two Copy of a plasmid moves through conjugation tube into other bacteria A sharing of genetic material Encyst and hibernate thru unfavourable conditions Burst in favourable conditions

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Cheese Probiotics Vinegar Yoghurt Sewage treatment Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in leguminous plants