Mcgraw-Hill Technology Education Mcgraw-Hill Technology Education

McGraw-Hill Technology Education McGraw-Hill Technology Education
Copyright 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 1A
Introducing Computer Systems
McGraw-Hill Technology Education
Copyright 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Computer Defined

Electronic device Processes data and converts it into information Follows instructions Modern computers are digital
Represent data as having one distinct value or another
Older computers were analog

1A-3
Represent data as variable point along a continuous spectrum of values.
Computers For Individual Use

Desktop computers
The most common type of computer Sits on the desk or floor Performs a variety of tasks
Workstations
Specialized computers Optimized for science or graphics More powerful than a desktop
1A-4
Categories of Computers
Designed to be used by single user, multiple users, and no user at all Also categorized by their power or speed and the type of tasks they handle Sub-catorized according to price, the type of hardware and software
1A-5

Notebook computers
Small portable computers Weighs between 3 and 8 pounds About 8 by 11 inches Typically as powerful as a desktop Can include a docking station
1A-6
How did computers come into existence?

To automate the task of performing repetitive tasks To reduce number of mistake made by human while performing calculations To break the enigma code Abacus performed addition, subtraction division and multiplication operations. Digital computers had the economics, power and scalability
1A-7
Generation of Computers
The Mechanical Era (1623 1900) First Generation Electronic Computers (1937 1953) Second Generation (1954 1962) Third Generation (1963 1972) Fourth Generation (1972 1984) Fifth Generation (1984 1990) Sixth Generation (1990 till date)
1A-8
The Mechanical Era (1623 1900)

Abacus (3000 BC) one of the early inventions to perform mechanical calculations Napiers bones (17th century) calculates products and quotients Pascaline (1642) 1st mechanical adding device Difference Engine (Charles Babbage, 1823) automatic, mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions. Analytical Engine (Charles Babbage, 1833) proposed mechanical general-purpose computer Punched cards (Herman Hollerith, 1890)
1A-9

Tablet computers
Newest development in portable computers Input is through a pen Run specialized versions of office products
1A-10

Handheld computers
Very small computers Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) Note taking or contact management Data can synchronize with a desktop
Smart phones
Hybrid of cell phone and PDA Web surfing, e-mail access
1A-11
Computers For Organizations

Network servers
Centralized computer All other computers connect Provides access to network resources Multiple servers are called server farms Often simply a powerful desktop
1A-12

Mainframes
Used in large organizations Handle thousands of users Users access through a terminal
1A-13

Minicomputers
Called midrange computers Power between mainframe and desktop Handle hundreds of users Used in smaller organizations Users access through a terminal
1A-14

Supercomputers
The most powerful computers made Handle large and complex calculations Process trillions of operations per second Found in research organizations
1A-15
Computers In Society
More impact than any other invention
Changed work and leisure activities Used by all demographic groups
Computers are important because:

Provide information to users Information is critical to our society Managing information is difficult
1A-16
Computers at home
Many homes have multiple computers Most American homes have Internet Computers are used for
Business Entertainment Communication Education
1A-17
Computers in education
Computer literacy required at all levels
Computers in small business

Makes businesses more profitable Allows owners to manage
Computers in industry
Computers are used to design products Assembly lines are automated
1A-18
Computers in government
Necessary to track data for population
Police officers Tax calculation and collection
Governments were the first computer users
1A-19
Computers in health care
Revolutionized health care New treatments possible Scheduling of patients has improved Delivery of medicine is safer
1A-20
Chapter 1A
End of Chapter
McGraw-Hill Technology Education
Copyright 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

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McGraw-Hill Technology Education McGraw-Hill Technology Education

Introducing Computer Systems

McGraw-Hill Technology Education

Copyright 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

The Computer Defined

Older computers were analog

Represent data as variable point along a continuous spectrum of values.

Computers For Individual Use

Computers For Individual Use

How did computers come into existence?

The Mechanical Era (1623 1900)

Computers For Individual Use

Computers For Individual Use

Computers For Organizations

Computers For Organizations

Computers For Organizations

Computers For Organizations

Computers are important because:

Computers in small business

Governments were the first computer users

McGraw-Hill Technology Education

Copyright 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

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