ANNUAL TEACHING PLAN ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4

WEEK/ CHAPTER/ DATE LEARNING OBJECTIVES Pupils will be taught to.. SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES LEARNING OUTCOMES Pupils will be able to..
i. Represent relations using: a) arrow diagrams b) ordered pairs c) graphs ii. identify domain, object, image and range of the relation iii. classify the relation shown on a mapped diagrams as: one-to-one, many-to-one, one-to-many or many-to-many relation

POINTS TO NOTE

VOCAB
Function Relation Object Image Range Domain Codomain Map Ordered pair Arrow diagram Notation

1. Understand the concept of relations

Use pictures, role-play and computer software to introduce the concept of relations

Discuss the idea of set and introduce set notation

CHAPTER 1 FUNCTIONS WEEK 1 4 6 Jan Represent functions using arrow diagrams, ordered pairs of graphs, e.g. f : x 2x f (x) = 2x f : x 2x is read as function f maps x to 2x. f (x) = 2x is read as 2x is the image of x under the function f Include examples of functions that are not mathematically based. Examples of functions include algebraic (linear and quadratic), trigonometric and absolute value. Define and sketch absolute value functions. Involve algebraic functions only Image of composite functions include a rage of values. (Limit to linear composite functions) Limit to algebraic functions. Exclude inverse of composite functions Emphasise that inverse of a function is not necessarily a function

2. Understand the concept of functions

Use graphing calculators or computer software to explore the image of functions

i. ii. iii. iv.

Recognise functions as a special relation Express functions using functions notation Determine domain, object, image and range of a function Determine the image of a function given the object and vice versa

WEEK 2 9 13 Jan

3. Understand the concept of composite functions 4. Understand the concept of inverse functions

Use arrow diagrams or algebraic method to determine the composite functions. Use sketches of graphs to show the relationship between a function and its inverse

WEEK 3 16 20 Jan WEEK 4 23 27 Jan CHAPTER 2 QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

i. Determine composition of two functions ii. Determine the image of composition function given the object and vice versa iii. Determine one of the functions in a given composition function given the other related functions i. Find the object by inverse mapping given its image and function. ii. Determine inverse functions using algebra. iii. Determine and state the condition for existence of an inverse function

Inverse mapping Composite function

CHINESE NEW YEAR 1. Understand the concept of quadratic equations Use graphing calculators or i. Recognise a quadratic equations and express it in general form computer software such as Geometers Sketchpad and ii. Determine whether a given value is the root of a
Quadratic for 1.2(b) are given in form of; a and b are numerical values. Quadratic equation General form Root

WEEK 5 30 Jan 3 Feb

and their roots.

spreadsheet.

quadratic equation by: a. Substitution b. Inspection iii. Determine roots of quadratic equations by trial and improvement method. Discuss when (x p)(x q) = 0 hence x p = 0 or x q = 0 Include cases when p = q Derivation of formula for 2.1(c) is not required.If x = p and x = q are the roots, then the quadratic equation is (x p)(x q)=0, that is x2 (p q)x + pq = 0 b2 4ac > 0 b2 4ac = 0 b2 4ac < 0 Explains no roots means no real roots

Substitution Inspection Trial and improvement method

i. WEEK 6 6 10 Feb

2. Understand the concept of quadratic equations

Determine the roots of quadratic equations by: a. Factorisation b. Completing the square c. Use the formula ii. Form a quadratic equation from given roots.

Involve the use of: + = - and = where and are roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0

3. WEEK 7 13 17 Feb

Use the conditions for quadratic eqns to have a. 2 different roots; b. 2 equal roots; c. no roots

i. ii.

CHAPTER 3 QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS WEEK 8 20 23 Feb

1. Understand the concept of quadratic fns and their graphs.

i. ii.

Using graphing calculator or computer software such as Geometers Sketchpad

Using computer software such as Geometers Sketchpad Use examples of real life situations such as area, perimeter and others.

iii. iv.

Determine types of roots of quadratics from the value of b2 4ac. Solve problems involving b2 4ac in quadratic equations to: a. find an unknown value, b. derive a relation. Recognise quadratic functions. Plot quadratic function graphs; a. based on given tabulated values, b. by tabulating values based on given functions Recognise shapes of graphs of quadratic functions. Relate the position of quadratic function graphs with types of roots for f(x) = 0 Determine the maximum or minimum value of a quadratic function by completing the square.

Discriminant Real root

Discuss cases where a > 0 and a < 0 for f(x) = ax2 + bx + c

Quadratic function Tabulated values Axis of symmetry Parabola Max and min pt Completing the square

WEEK 9 27 Feb 2 Mar WEEK 10 5 9 Mar

2. Find the max and minimum values

i.

CENTRALISED TEST 1 (5 - 9 Mar 2012)

MID-FIRST SEMESTER BREAK (10 18 Mar 2012) Using computer software such as Geometers Sketchpad Use examples of real life situations such as area, perimeter and others. Emphasise the marking of maximum or minimum point on the graphs drawn or by finding the axis of symmetry and the intersection with the y-axis. Determine other points by finding the intersection with the x-axis (if it exists) Sketch Intersection Vertical line Quadratic Inequality Range Number line

WEEK 11 19 23 Mar

3. Sketch graphs of quadratic functions.

i.

Sketch quadratic function graphs by determining the maximum or minimum point and two other points.

WEEK 12 2 6 Apr

4. Understand and use the concept of quadratic inequalities.

i.

Determine the ranges of values of x that satisfies quadratic inequalities.

Emphasise on sketching graphs and use of number lines when necessary.

1. Solve simultaneous CHAPTER 4 equations in 2 SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION unknowns: WEEK 13 1 linear &1 non9 13 Apr linear equation.
CHAPTER 5 INDICES & LOGARITHMS WEEK 14 16 20 Apr

i.

Solve simultaneous equations using the substitution method. ii. Solve simultaneous equations involving real life situations.

Limit non-linear equations up to second degree only.

Simultaneous equations Intersection Substitution method Base Integer indices Fractional indices Index form Raised to a power Law of indices

1. Understand and use the concept of indices and laws of indices.

Use examples of real life a. Integer indices, situations to introduce the b. Fractional indices. ii. Use laws of indices to find the values of numbers in concept of indices. index form that are multiplied, divided or raised to a Use computer software such power. as spreadsheet.

i.

Find the values of numbers given in the form of:

Discuss zero index and negative indices

iii. Use laws of indices to simplify algebraic expression. Explain definition of logarithm. N = ax; loga N = x with a > 0, a1. Emphasise that: Logarithm of negative numbers is undefined; Logarithm of zero is undefined. Discuss cases where the given number is in: index form, numerical form. Discuss laws of logarithms. Discuss log a b = Equations that involve indices and logarithms are limited to equations with single solution only.

WEEK 15 23 27 Apr

2. Understand and use the concept and laws of logarithms to solve problems.

i.

Express equation in index form to logarithm form and

Use scientific calculators to vice versa. a. ii. Find logarithm of a number. enhance understanding of iii. Find logarithm of numbers by using laws of logarithsm. b. the concept of logarithms.
iv. Simplify logarithmic expressions to the simplest form.

Index form Logarithm form Logarithm Undefined

WEEK 16 30 Apr 4 May

3. Understand and use the change of base of logarithms 4. Solve equations involving indices and logarithms 1. Find distance between two points
Use examples of real life situations to find the distance between two points.

i.

Find the logarithm of a number by changing the base of the logarithm to a suitable base. ii. Solve problems involving the change of base and laws of logarithms. i. Solve equations involving indices. ii. Solve equations involving indices.

Solve equations involving indices by: a. comparison of indices and bases, b. using logarithms

CHAPTER 6 COORDINATE GEOMETRY WEEK 17 711/5 WEEK 18 - 19 14 - 25 May

i.

Find the distance between two points using formula.

Use the Pythagoras Theorem to find the formula for distance between two points.

FIRST SEMESTER EXAM (12 24 May 2012)

2. Understand the concept of division of line segments.
Use dynamic geometry software such as Geometers Sketchpad. Use | | for substitution of coordinates into the formula. FIRST SEMESTER BREAK (26 May - 10 June 2012) i. Find the midpoint of two given points. ii. Find the coordinates of a point that divides a line ration m:n. i. Find the area of a triangle based on the area of specific geometrical shapes. ii. Find the area of a triangle by using formula. iii. Find the area of a quadrilateral by using formula. Limit to cases where m and n are positive. Derivation of formula is not required. Limit to numerical values. Emphasis the relationship between the sign of the value for area obtained with the order of the vertices used. Derivation of the formula is not required. Emphasise that when the area of a polygon is zero, the given points are collinear.

WEEK 20 11 15 June

WEEK 21 18 22 June

3. Find areas of polygon.

Area, Polygon Geometrical shape Quadrilateral Vertex, Vertices Clockwise Anticlockwise Modulus, Collinear

WEEK 22 25 29 Jun

4. Understand and use the concept of equation of a straight line.

Use dynamic geometry software such as Geometers Sketchpad.

WEEK 23 2 6 July

5. Understand and use the concept of parallel and perpendicular lines.

WEEK 24 9 13 July

6. Use concept of equation of locus involve distance between 2 points

CHAPTER 7 STATISTICS WEEK 25 16 20 July

1. Understand and use the concept of measures of central tendency to solve problems.

WEEK 26 23 27 July

2. Understand and use the concept of measures of dispersion to solve problems.

i. Determine the x-intercept and the y-intercept of a line. ii. Find the gradient of a straight line that passes through two points. iii. Find the gradient of straight line using the x-intercept and y-intercept. iv. Find the equation of a straight line given: a. gradient and one point, b. points, c. x and y-intercepts v. Find the gradient and the intercepts of a straight line given the equation. vi. Change the equation of a straight line to the general form vii. Find the point of intersection of two lines. i. Determine whether two straight lines are parallel when the gradients of both lines are known and vice versa. ii. Find the equation of a straight line that passes through a fixed point and parallel to a given line. iii. Determine whether two straight lines are perpendicular when the gradients of both lines are known &vice versa. iv. Determine the equation of a straight line that passes through a fixed point and perpendicular to a given line. v. Solve problems involving equations of straight lines. i. Find the equation of locus that satisfies the condition if: a. the distance of a moving point from a fixed point is constant, b. the ratio of the distances of a moving point from two fixed points is constant. ii. Solve problems involving loci. i. Calculate the mean, mode, median of ungrouped data. ii. Determine the modal class of grouped data from frequency distribution tables. iii. Find the mode from histograms. iv. Calculate the mean, and median of grouped data from cumulative frequency distribution tables. v. Estimate the median of grouped data from an ogive. vi. Determine the effects on mode, median, and mean for a set of data when; a. each data is changed uniformly, b. extreme values exist, c. certain data is added or removed. vii. Determine the most suitable measure of central tendency for given data. i. Find the range of ungrouped data. ii. Find the interquartile range of ungrouped data. iii. Find the range of grouped data. iv. Find the interquartile range of grouped data from the cumulative frequency table. v. Determine interquartile range of grouped data fromogive. vi. Determine the variance of grouped and ungrouped data. vii. Determine the standard deviation of ungrouped and grouped data.

Answers for learning outcomes 4.4a. and 4.4b. must be stated in the simplest form. Involve changing the equation into gradient and intercept form

x-intercept y-intercept Gradient Straight line General form Intersection Gradient form Intercept form

Emphasise that for parallel lines: m1 = m2 Emphasise that for perpendicular lines: Derivation of m1m2 = -1 is not required.

Parallel Perpendicular

Equation of locus Moving point Loci

Discuss grouped data and ungrouped data. Involve uniform class intervals only. Derivation of the median formula is not required. Ogive is also known as cumulative frequency curve. Involve grouped and ungrouped data. VOCAB: Midpoint Cumulative frequency Distribution table Ogive, Range, Interquartile Measures of dispersion Measure of central tendency Mean. Mode, Median Ungrouped data Frequency Distribution table Modal class Uniform class Interval, Histogram Extreme value Lower boundary

Determine the upper and lower quartiles by using the first principle. Emphasise that comparison between two sets of data using only measures of central tendency is not sufficient.

Standard deviation Class interval Upper quartile Lower quartile Variance

viii. Determine the effects on range, interquartile range, variance and standard deviation for a set of data when: a. each data is changed uniformly, b. extreme values exist, c. certain data is added to removed. ix. Compare measures of central tendency and dispersion between two sets of data. CHAPTER 8 CIRCULAR MEASURE WEEK 27 30 July 3 Aug WEEK 28 6 10 Aug 1.

Understand the concept of radian.

Use dynamic geometry software such as the Geometers Sketchpad

i.

Convert measurements in radians to degrees and vice versa.

Discuss the definition of one radian. rad is the abbreviation of radian. Include measurements in radians expressed in terms of .

Radian Degree

CENTRALISED TEST 2 (6 10 Aug 2012)

2. Understand and use the concept of length of arc of a circle to solve problems. 3. Understand and use the concept of area of sector of a circle to solve problems.
Determine: a. length of arc b. radius, Use examples of real life c. angle subtended at the centre of a circle based on situations given information. ii. Find perimeter of segments of circles. iii. Solve problems involving lengths of arcs. i. Determine the area of sector, radius, and angle subtended at the centre of a circle based on given ii. Find the area of segments of circles. iii. Solve problems involving areas of sectors. MID-SECOND SEMESTER BREAK (18 26 Aug 2011) i. Determine the value of a function when its variable approaches a certain value. ii. Find the gradient of a chord joining two points on a curve Use dynamic geometry iii. Find the first derivative of a function y = f (x), as the gradient of tangent to its graph. software such as iv. Find the first derivative of polynomials using the first Geometers Sketchpad. principle. v. Deduce the formula for first derivative of the function y = f (x) by induction. i. Determine the 1st derivative of y = axn using formula. ii. Determine value of the first derivative of the function for a given value of x. iii. Determine first derivative of a function involving a. addition, or b. subtraction of algebraic terms. iv. Determine 1st derivative of a product and quotient of 2 polynomials. v. Determine the first derivative of composite function using chain rule. vi. Determine the gradient and equation of tangent at a point on a curve. vii. Determine the equation of normal at a point on a curve. i.

WEEK 29 13 17 Aug

Length of arc Angle subtended Circle Perimeter Segment Area Sector

CHAPTER 9 DIFFERENTIATION WEEK 30 27 31 Aug

1. Understand and use the concept of gradients of curve and differentiation

Idea of limit to a function can be illustrated using graphs. The concept of first derivative of a function is explained as a tangent to a curve and can be illustrated using graphs. Limit to y = axn, a, n are constants, n = 1, 2, 3, Notation of f(x) is equivalent to When y = f(x), f(x) read as f prime of x

Limit Tangent First derivative Gradient Induction Curve Fixed point

WEEK 31 03 7Sept

2. Understand and use the concept of first derivative of polynomial functions to solve problems.

Limit cases in LO 2.5 through 2.7 to rules introduced in 2.5 through 2.6

Product Quotient Composite Function Chain rule Normal

WEEK 32 10 14 Sept

WEEK 33 15 21 Sept

3. Understand and use the concept of max and min values to solve problems. 4. Understand and use the concept of rates of change to solve problems, 5. Use the concept of small changes and approximations to solve problems. 6. Understand and use the concept of second derivative to solve problems. 1. Understand and use the concept of sine and cosine rule to solve problems.
Understand and use the concept of index number to solve problems. Understand and use the concept of composite index to solve problems

i. Determine coordinates of turning points of a curve. ii. Determine whether a turning point is a max or min point. iii. Solve problems involving max or min values.

Emphasise the use of first derivative to determine the turning points. Exclude points of inflexion. Limit problems to two variables only.

Turning point Maximum and minimum point

Use dynamic geometry software such as Geometers Sketchpad

i.

Determine rates of change for related quantities.

Limit problems to 3 variables only.

Rate of changes

i.

Determine small changes in quantities.

Exclude cases involving percentage change.

Approximation

i. Determine the second derivative of y = f (x). ii. Determine whether a turning point is max or min point of a curve using the second derivative. i. Verify sine and cosine rule. ii. Use sine and cosine rule to find unknown sides or angles. iii. Find the unknown sides and angles of a triangle involving ambiguous case. iv. Solve problems involving the sine rule. v. Find areas of triangles using formula ab sin C i. Calculate index number. ii. Calculate price index. iii. Find Q0 or Q1 given relevant information. i. Calculate compostite index. ii. Find index number or weightage give relevant information iii. Solve problems involving index number and composite index.

Introduce

as

or f(x) = (f(x))

Second derivative

CHAPTER 10 SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES WEEK 34 24 28 Sept

Use dynamic geometry software such as Geometers Sketchpad

Include obtuse-angled triangles.

Sine rule Acute-angled triangle Obtuse-angled triangle Ambiguous Cosine rule, 3D object Index number Price index Quantity at base time Quantity at specific time

1. CHAPTER 10 INDEX NUMBER WEEK 35 3 7 Oct 2.

Use examples of real life situations to explore index numbers.

Explain index number. Q0 = Quantity at base time. Q1 = Quantity at specific time.

Explain weightage and composite index

WEEK 36-38 8 24 Oct WEEK 39 29 Oct 2 Nov WEEK 40 5 9 Nov

SECOND SEMESTER EXAM (9 24 Oct 2012) REVISION