40 de Luyen Thi Dai Hoc Mon Toan

B thi t lun- mn Ton Dnh cho hc sinh lp 12 n thi i hc- Cao ng
Vn Ph Quc- GV. Trng i hc Qung Nam D: 0982 333 443 ; 0934 825 925
1
1

A- PHN CHUNG (7,0 im)
Cu I (2,0 im) . Cho hm s:
4 2
2 3 = y x x (C).
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s.
2. Tm m ng thng y m = ct th (C) ti bn im phn bit M, N, P, Q ( sp
th t t tri sang phi) sao cho di cc on thng MN, NP, PQ c gi s l di 3
cnh ca mt tam gic bt k.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
sin .sin 4 2 2 cos 4 3 cos .sin .cos 2
6
x x x x x x
| |
=
|
\ .

2. Gii h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2 3 8 1
, y
8 3 13
+ + =
+ + + =
R
x y y x
x
x x y y
.
Cu III (1,0 im) . Tnh tch phn: I =
4
2
1
1

4
+
+
}
x
x
x e
dx
x xe
.
Cu IV (1,0 im). Tnh th tch khi t din ABCD bit AB = a, AC = b, AD = c
v

0
BAC CAD DAB 60 = = = .
Cu V (1,0 im). Chng minh phng trnh: ( )
1
1
x
x
x x
+
= + lun c nghim thc dng
duy nht.
B- PHN RING (3,0 im). Th sinh ch c chn mt trong hai phn
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho ng thng : 1 0 d x y + = v ng trn
( )
2 2
: 2 4 0 C x y x y + + = . Tm ta im M thuc ng thng d m qua k c hai
ng thng tip xc vi ng trn ( ) C ti A v B sao cho
0
60 AMB = .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho 3 im ( ) ( ) ( ) ; 0; 0 , B 0; ; 0 , C 0; 0; A a b c vi a, b, c l cc
s dng thay i v tha mn
2 2 2
3 a b c + + = . Xc nh a, b, c sao cho khong cch t
gc to O( ) 0; 0; 0 n mt phng ( ) ABC t gi tr ln nht.
Cu VII a (1,0 im). Tm , a beR phng trnh
2
0 z az b + + = c nhn s phc
1 z i = + lm nghim.
B.2. CHNG TRNH NNG CAO
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho prabol ( )
2
: P y x = . Vit phng trnh ng thng d i qua
M(1; 3) sao cho din tch hnh phng gii hn bi (P) v d t gi tr nh nht.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho hai im ( ) ( ) A 1; 5; 0 , B 3; 3; 6 v ng
thng d:
1 1
2 1 2
x y z +
= =
. Xc nh v tr ca im C trn ng thng d din tch tam

gic ABC t gi tr nh nht.
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2

Cu VII b (1,0 im). Gii phng trnh:

( ) ( ) ( )
2 3
2 2 4 2 4 2
4 1 2
2
2
1
log 1 log 1 log 1 log 1
3
x x x x x x x x + + + = + + + + .

BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii.
2. Phng trnh honh giao im ca ng thngy = m v th (C):
4 2
x 2x 3 m = ( )
4 2
x 2x 3 m 0 1 =
t ( )
2
t x t 0 = > .Phng trnh trn thnh: ( )
2
t 2t 3 m 0 2 =
Gi
1 2 3 4
x , x , x , x ln lt l honh cc giao im M, N, P, Q.
Khi
1 2 3 4
x , x , x , x l nghim ca phng trnh (1).
Da vo th , ta thy vi iu kin: 4 m 3 < < th phng trnh (2) c hai nghim
l:
1 2
t 1 m 4 ; t 1 m 4 = + = + + .
Suy ra
1 2 2 1 3 1 4 2
x t , x t , x t , x t = = = =
Ta c
4 3 3 2 3
MN PQ x x , NP = x x 2x = = =
rng: iu kin ba s dng a, b, c l di 3 cnh ca mt A l:
a b c
b c a
c a b
+ >
+ >
+ >
.
V MN PQ = nn MN, NP, PQ l di 3 cnh ca mt tam gic bt k nn ta ch cn:
( )
4 3 3 4 3
2 2 2 2 MN PQ NP PQ NP x x x x x + > > > >
hay
( ) 2 1 2 1
3 91
t 2 t t 4t 1 m 4 4 1 m 4 m 4 m
5 25
> > + + > + + > >
Kt hp vi iu kin : 4 m 3 < < ta c:
91
m 3
25
< < .
Cu II
1. Ta c:
sin .sin 4 2 2 cos 3 cos .sin 4
6
x x x x x
| |
=
|
\ .
( )
sin 4 sin 3 cos 2 2 cos
6
x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

( )
sin 4 . sin sin cos cos 2 cos sin 4 2 cos 0
6 6 6 6
x x x x x x
| | | | | |
+ = =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

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3
cos 0
6
x
| |
=
|
\ .
( v sin 4 2 0 x < ) ( )
2

6 2 3
x k x k k

= + = + eZ .
2. iu kin:
2 2
x 3y 0 , y 8x 0 + > + >
t
2 2
u x 3y , v = y 8x = + + ( u, v 0 > )
H phng trnh thnh:
( )
2
2 2 2 2 2
v 2u 1
2u v 1 v 2u 1
u v 13 u v 13 u 2u 1 13
= = =

+ = + = + =

2
v 2u 1
5u 4u 12 0
=

2 1
2
2
3
6
5
v u
u
u
v
u
=
= =

.
Khi :
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
4 x
y
3 x 3y 2 x 3y 4
4 x y 8x 9
y 8x 3
8x 9
3

=
+ = + =

| | + =
+ =
+ =
|
\ .

( ) ( )( )
2
2
2
2 4 2
1
4
4
4
1
3
3
3
1
5
1 5 4 13 0 8 72 65 0
5
7
x
x
x y
x
y y
y
x
x
x x x x x x x
x
y
=
=

= =
=

=
=

+ + = + =

=
=

Kt hp vi iu kin ta u ta thu c tp hp nghim ca h phng trnh l:
( ) ( ) { }
1;1 , 5; 7 S = .
Cu III
Ta c:
4 4 x
2x 2x x
1 1
1 x e 1 1 1
I dx dx
4x 4x e xe xe
+
= + = + +
} }

2
4
x
1
1 1
dx
e 2 x
| |
= +
|
\ .
}

=
4
x
1
1 1
dx
e 2 x
| |
+
|
\ .
}
=
4
x
1
x e

4
1 1
1
e e
= +

Cu IV
Gi s { } a min a, b, c =
Trn cnh AC ly im E, AD ly im F sao cho
AB AE AF a = = = .
T din ABEF c bn mt l cc tam gic u bng
nhau nn l t din u cnh bng a.
b
a
c
B
C
D
A
H
E
F
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4
Ta d dng tnh c
3
ABEF
a 2
V
12
= .
Gi H l chn ng cao h t B.
Ta c:
AEF
ACD
0
2
ABEF
0
ABCD
1 1
BH.S AEAFsin 60
V a
3 2
1 1
V bc
BH.S ACADsin 60
3 2
A
A
= = = .
Suy ra
ABCD
abc 2
V
12
= .

Cu V
Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
x
x 1
x x 1 x 0 x 1 ln x x ln x 1 0
+
= + > + + =
Xt hm s: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) f x x 1 ln x x ln x 1 x 0 = + + >
( )
1 1 1
f x ln 1
x x x 1
| |
' = + + +
|
+
\ .

Chng minh bt ng thc c bn ( ) ln 1 t t t > 0 + < ta suy ra
1 1
ln 1
x x
| |
+ >
|
\ .

Do ( ) ( )
1 1 1 1
f x 0 f x
x x x 1 x 1
' > + + = >
+ +
ng bin trn ( ) 0; + (1)
Mt khc: do ( ) f x lin tc trn ( ) 0; + v ( ) ( ) ( )( ) f 2 f 3 ln8 ln9 ln81 ln 64 0 = < suy ra
tn ti ( ) ( )
0
2; 3 0 x , e c + sao cho ( )
0
f x 0 = (2)
T (1) v (2) iu phi chng minh.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu Via
1. Vit li ( ) C di dng ( ) ( )
2 2
1 2 5 x y + + =
Vy ( ) C c tm ( ) 1; 2 I , bn knh 5 R = .
( ) ; 1 M d M t t e +
Theo gi thit
60
o
AMB =
Suy ra
30 2 2 2 5
o
AMI MI IA R = = = =
hay ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
3 3; 4
20 1 1 20 9
3 3; 2
t M
MI t t t
t M
=
= + = =
=

2. Phng trnh mt phng (ABC):
x y z
1
a b c
+ + =
( )
2 2 2
1
d d O; ABC
1 1 1
a b c
( = =

+ +

B
A
M
-
I
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5
( )
2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9 a. b. c. a b c 3
a b c a b c a b c
| | | | | |
= + + s + + + + = + +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
.
Suy ra:
2 2 2
1 1 1
3
a b c
+ + > . Do :
1
3
d s .
Du bng xy ra
2 2 2
1 1 1
1 a b c 1
a b c
= = = = = = .
Vy
1
Max d
3
= khi a b c 1 = = = .

Cu VIIa
Theo , ta c: ( ) ( )
2
1 i a 1 i b 0 + + + + =
2
1 2 0 i i a ai b + + + + + =
( ) ( ) a 2 i a b 0 + + + =
a 2 0 a 2
a b 0 b 2
+ = =

+ = =

.

Cu VIb
1. Gi s d ct (P) ti hai im phn bit
( ) ( )
2 2
A a; a , B b; b ( b > a)
PT ng thng d: ( ) y a b x ab = +
Gi S l din tch hnh phng gii hn bi (P) v t d . Ta c:
( )
b
2
a
S a b x ab x dx = +
}
( )( )
b
a
x a x b dx =
}
( )( )
b
a
x a x b dx =
}

= ( )
b
3
3 2
a
1 a b 1
x x abx b a
3 2 6
+ | |
+ =
|
\ .
.
Do ( ) M 1; 3 d a b ab 3 e + = +
Suy ra ( ) ( ) ( )
3 3
2 2 2
2
1 1 1
S b a a b 4ab ab 3 4ab
36 36 36
( ( (
= = + = +

= ( )
3
3
2 1 8 128 8 2
ab 1 8 S
36 36 9 3
(
+ + > = >

8 2
MinS ab 1 0 ab 1 a b 2
3
= + = = + = .
Vy ta lp c phng trnh ng thng d : y 2x 1 = + .
2. Ta c: ( ) C d C 1 2t;1 t; 2t e +
( ) ( ) AB 2; 2; 6 , AC 2t 2; t 4; 2t = =
, ,

( )
2 6 6 2 2 2
AB; AC ; ; 2t 24;8t 12; 2t 12
t 4 2t 2t 2t 2 2t 2 t 4
| |
(
= = +
|

\ .
, ,

Gi S l din tch tam gic ABC.
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6
Ta c: S = ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 1 1
AB; AC 2t 24 8t 12 2t 12
2 2
(
= + + +

, ,

2
1
72t 144t 864
2
= + = ( )
2 1
72 t 1 792 3 22
2
+ > .
Du = xy ra khi ( ) t 1 C 1; 0; 2 =
Vy khi ( ) C 1; 0; 2 th MinS 3 22 =
Cu VIIb
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 4 2 4 2
2 2 2 2
log x x 1 log x x 1 log x x 1 log x x 1 + + + + = + + + +
( )( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 4 2 4 2
2 2 2
log x x 1 x x 1 log x x 1 log x x 1 + + + = + + + +
( ) ( ) ( )
4 2 4 2 4 2
2 2 2
log x x 1 log x x 1 log x x 1 + + = + + + +
( )
4 2
2
log x x 1 0 + =
4 2
x x 1 1 + =
4 2
x 0
x x 0 x 1
x 1
=
= =

Vy tp hp nghim ca phng trnh l: { } 1; 0;1 S =

2

Cu I (2,0 im) .
Cho hm s:
2 3

2
x
y
x
(C).
4. Gi I l giao im ca hai tim cn. Tm im M thuc (C). Bit tip tuyn ca (C) ti
M ct cc ng tim cn ti J v K sao cho ng trn ngoi tip tam gic IJK c din
tch nh nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Tm nghim 0;
2
x
| |
e
|
\ .
ca phng trnh sau y :
2 2
3
4sin 3sin 2 1 2cos
2 2 4
x
x x

| | | | | |
= +
| | |
\ . \
\ . .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
3 3
2 2
8 27 18
4 6
x y y
x y x y
+ =
+ =
.
2
10 5 9
0
1 cos .sin .cos I x x xdx
=
}
.
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7
Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y l tam gic ABC vung cn ti nh B,
BA = BC = 2a, hnh chiu vung gc ca S trn mt phng y (ABC) l trung im E ca
AB v SE = 2a. Gi I, J ln lt l trung im ca EC, SC ; M l im di ng trn tia i
ca tia BA sao cho
( )
0
0 90 ECM = < < v H l hnh chiu vung gc ca S trn MC.
Tnh th tch ca khi t din EHIJ theo , a v tm th tch ln nht.
Cu V (1,0 im). Chng minh rng: ( )
x 1
1 x 1 x
2
x x x 0;1
e

+ > e .
B- PHN RING (3,0 im)
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hnh thoi ABCD c phng trnh hai cnh AB, AD th t
l: 2 2 0 ; 2x + y + 1= 0 x y + = . Cnh BD cha im M( ) 1; 2 . Tm to cc nh ca
hnh thoi.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho ng thng
1 2
:
1 2 2
x y z
d
+
= =
. Vit phng trnh mt

phng (P) bit rng (P) cha ng thng d v to vi mt phng (xOy) mt gc nh nht.
Cu VII a (1,0 im).
Tm tp hp im M m ta phc ca n tha mn iu kin: z 2 i 1 + = .

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho tam gic ABC cn ti BeOx, phng trnh cnh AB c dng:
3 2 3 0 x y = ; tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic l ( ) 0; 2 I . Tm to cc nh ca
tam gic.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai im ( ) A 2; 0; 0 v ( ) J 2; 0; 0 . Gi s ( ) l mt phng
thay i, nhng lun i qua ng thng AJ v ct cc trc Oy, Oz ln lt ti cc im
( ) B 0; b; 0 , ( ) C 0; 0; c vi b, c 0 > . Chng minh rng:
bc
b c
2
+ = v tm b, c sao cho din
tch tam gic ABC nh nht.
Cu VII b (1,0 im).
Tnh
0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 2010 2010
2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C
P ...
1.2 2.3 3.4 4.5 2011.2012
= + + +

BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii.
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8
2. Ta c: ( )
0
0 0
0
2 3
; , 2
2
x
M x C x
x
| |
e =
|
\ .
,
( )
2
0
0
2 x
1
) x ( ' y
=
Phng trnh tip tuyn A vi ( C) ti M :
( ) 2 x
3 x 2
) x x (
2 x
1
y :
0
0
0 2
0

= A
To giao im J, K ca (A) v hai tim cn l: J
0
0
2 2
2; ;
2
x
x
| |
|
\ .
K( )
0
2 2; 2 x
Ta c:
0
0
2 2 2
2 2
J K
M
x x x
x x
+ +
= = = ,
0
0
2 3
2 2
J K
M
y y x
y
x
+
= =
M l trung im JK.
Mt khc I(2; 2) v AIJK vung ti I nn ng trn ngoi tip AIJK c din tch:
S =
2
2 2 2 0
0 0 2
0 0
2 3 1
( 2) 2 ( 2) 2
2 ( 2)

(
| |
(
( = + = + >
|
(

(
\ .
x
IM x x
x x

Du = xy ra khi
( )
( )
0
2
0 2
0 0
1 1;1
1
( 2)
( 2) 3 3;3
x M
x
x x M
=
=
=
.
Cu II
1. Ta c:
2 2
3
4sin 3sin 2 1 2cos
2 2 4
x
x x

| | | | | |
= +
| | |
\ . \
\ . .

( ) 2 1 cos 2 3 cos 2 1 1 cos 2
3
2
x x x

| |
( = + +
|

\ .

2 2cos 3 cos 2 2 sin 2 sin 2 3 cos 2 2cos x x x x x x = =

1 3
sin 2 cos 2 cos sin 2 cos
2 2 3 2
x x x x x
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

( )
2
2 2
5
3 2 18 3
2 2 2
3 2 6
5
x x k x k
k
x x k x k

= + = +

= + + = +

e .
V 0;
2
x
| |
e
|
\ .
nn ta chn c nghim
18
5
x

= .
2. Vi 0 y = h phng trnh cho thnh:
27 0
6 0 x
=
( V l). Suy ra 0 y =
Khi :
3
3
3 3
2 2
3
(2 ) 18
8 27 18
4 6 3 3
2 . 2 3
x
x y y y
x y x y
x x
y y
| |
+ =
|
+ =
\ .

+ = | |

+ =
|
\ .
.
t
3
2 , u x v =
y
= . H phng trnh trn thnh:
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9
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
3 3
3 3
3 18 3 18 27
1
3
3 3
u v u v u v uv u v u v
uv
uv u v
uv u v uv u v

+ = + = + + = + =

=
+ =
+ = + =

. Suy ra u, v l
nghim ca phng trnh:
2
3 5
2
3 1 0
3 5
2
t
t t
t
+
=
+ =
.
Do :
( ) ( )
3 5 3 5
3 5 3 5
2 2
4 4
2 2
3 3 5 3 3 5 3 3 5 3 3 5
2 2
2 2
x x x x
y y
y y

+
+
= = = =

v v

+ +

= =
= =

.
Vy tp nghim ca h phng trnh cho l:
( ) ( )
3 3 5 3 3 5
3 5 3 5
; ; ;
4 2 2 2
S
| | | |
+
+
| |
=
`
| |

\ . \ .
)
.
Cu III
t
10 5 10 5
1 cos 1 cos t x t x = =
9 4 4 9
10 5sin .cos sin .cos 2 t dt x xdx x xdx t dt = =
Ta c: I
( ) ( )
1 1 2
10 5 5 4 10 9 10 20
0 0 0
1 cos .cos .sin cos 2 1 2 x x x xdx t t t dt t t dt
= = =
} } }

1
11 21
0
20
2
11 21 231
t t | |
= =
|
\ .
.

Cu IV
ABC vung cn ti B nn
2 2 2 2
4 4 2 2 AC AB BC a a a = + = + =
EBC vung cn ti B nn
2 2 2 2
4 5 C BE BC a a a = + = + = .
Theo nh l ba ng vung gc ta c:
EH HC . Suy ra: sin EH EC =
1 5
2 2
a
EI EC = = .
1 1 5
. sin 5 sin . cos
2 2 2
HEI
a
S EH EI HEI a
= =

=
2
5
sin 2
8
a .
B
A
C
S
M
E
I
J
H
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10
Trong SCE A , IJ l on trung bnh nn
1
2
IJ SE a = = v ( ) IJ HEI .
Do
3
2
1 1 5 5
. sin 2 sin 2 .
3 3 8 24
EHIJ HEI
a
V IJ S a a = = =

EHIJ
V t gi tr ln nht khi sin 2 1 0
2

| |
= < <
|
\ .
tc .
4

=
Cu V
Xt hm s: ( ) ( ) ( )
x 1 x x x
1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x
f x x x x x.x 1 x x x 0;1

= + = + = + e .
( )
( )
( )
x
1 x
2
1 x x
1 x
f x 2. ln x
1 x
1 x
+
| |
' = +
|
+
\ .
.
Xt: ( )
1 x
g x 2. ln x
1 x
= +
+

( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 x
g x 0 g x
x 1 x
' = >
+
ng bin trn ( ) 0;1
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) g x g 1 0 f x 0 x 0;1 f x ' < = < e nghch bin trn ( ) 0;1
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1
1 x
1
1
1 x
x 1 x 1 x 1
1 2
f x limf x lim 1 x x .x 2lim 1 x 0;1
1
e
1 x

| |
|
> = + = + = e
|
|
\ .
.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VIa
1. Ta c: A AB AD = to im A l nghim ca h phng trnh:
4
2 2 0
3
2 1 0 5
3
x
x y
x y
y
+ =

+ + =
.
Do
4 5
;
3 3
A
| |
|
\ .
.

Gi ( ) ; N x y AC e ( AC l tia phn gic
BAD ). Hn na M v N nm cng pha i vi

ng thng AB nn ta c: ( )( )
( )( )
2 2 2 1
2 2 2 1
5 5
2 2 1 4 2 0 2 2 0
2 2 0
2 1 2 2 2 0
x y x y
x y x y
x y x y
x y
x y
+ + +
=
+ = + +
+ + > + >

+ >
+ + + >

A
C
B
D
M
N
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11
2 2 2 1 x y x y + = + + hay 3 0 x y + = . Vy phng trnh ng thng cha cnh AC
l: 3 0 x y + = .
ng cho BD qua ( ) 1; 2 M nhn ( ) 1; 1
BD AC
u n = =

lm vect ch phng nn c
phng trnh l:
1 2
3 0
1 1
x y
x y

= + =
.
B AB BD = to im B l nghim ca h phng trnh:
2 2 0 4
3 0 1
x y x
x y y
+ = =

+ = =

. Do ( ) 4; 1 B .
D AD BD = to im D l nghim ca h phng trnh:
2 1 0 4
3 0 7
x y x
x y y
+ + = =

+ = =

. Do ( ) 4; 7 D .
Gi I AC BD = to im I l nghim ca h phng trnh:
3 0 0
3 0 3
x y x
x y y
+ = =

+ = =

. Do ( ) 0; 3 I .
V I l trung im AC nn
4 13
;
3 3
C
| |
|
\ .
.
2. Gi vect php tuyn ca mt phng (P) l: ( ) ( )
2 2 2
; ; 0 p n a b c a b c = + + >
.
vect php tuyn ca mt phng (xOy) l: ( ) 0; 0;1 xOy n =

vect ch phng ca ng thng d l: ( ) 1;1; 2
d
u =

( ) . 0 2 0 2
d P
P u n a b c b a c d c = + + = =

.
Gi l gc gia hai mt phng (Q) v mt phng (xOy) 0
2
| |
s s
|
\ .
.
Ta c:
( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2
cos
2 4 5
2
c c c
a b c a ac c
a a c c
= = =
+ + +
+ +
.
+ Nu 0 c = th cos 0
2

= = .
+ Nu 0 c = th ta chn 1 c = . Khi :
( )
2 2
1 1 1
cos
3
2 4 5
2 1 3
a a
a
= = s
+
+
.
Du = xy ra khi 1 a = .
nh nht cos ln nht.
Do so snh hai trng hp ny ta c
0;
2
1
max cos
3

(
e
(

= khi 1 1 a c ; b= = = .
Mt phng ( ) P qua ( ) 1; 2; 0 A d e v ( ) 1; 1;1
P
n =
lm vect php tuyn nn c phng

trnh: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1. 1 1. 2 1. 0 0 3 0 x y z x y z + + = + = .
Cu VIIa
Hai s phc lin hp c moun bng nhau, ta suy ra
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12
z 2 i z 2 i + = (v ( ) z 2 i z 2 i z 2 i + = + + = ).
T ta c: z 2 i 1 = .
t ( ) , z x iy x y = + eR .
Suy ra :
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 z i x y i x y x y = + = + = + =
Tp hp cc im M l ng trn tm ( ) I 2;1 , bn knh R 1. =
Cu VI b
1. Gi phng trnh ng thng AB i qua im
M(4;5) l: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
4 5 0 0 a x b y a b + = + > .
Khi phng trnh ng thng BC i qua N(6;5) v
vung gc vi AB l: ( ) ( ) 6 5 0 b x a y = .
Din tch ca hnh ch nht ABCD l:
( ) ( )
( )( )
2 2
2 2 2 2
4 3
3 4 4
; . ; .
a b a b
a b b a
d P AB d Q BC
a b
a b a b

+
= =
+
+ +
.
Theo , ta c:
( )( )
( )( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
4 3
16 3 4
a b a b
a b a b a b
a b

= = +
+
.
Cho b = 1, ta c: ( )( ) ( )
2 2 2
3 1 4 1 4 3 4 4 a a a a a a = + + = +
( )
2 2
2
2 2 2
1
4 3 4 4
3 4 1 0
1
4 3 4 4 5 4 7 0
3
a
a a a
a a
a a a a a a
=
+ = +
+ + =

= + = + + =

Vy phng trnh cnh AB l: 1 0 ; 3 11 0 x y x y + = + = .
2. mp ( ) qua ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) A 2; 0; 0 , B 0; b; 0 , C 0; 0; c b,c > 0 nn c phng trnh l:
x y z
1
2 b c
+ + =
( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 1 bc
J 1;1;1 1 b c 1
2 b c 2
e + + = + =

( ) ( ) AB 2; b; 0 , AC 2; 0;c = =
, ,
( )
b 0 0 2 2 b
AB; AC ; ; bc; 2c; 2b
0 c c 2 2 0
| |
(
= =
|

\ .
, ,

( )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
ABC
1 1 1
S AB; AC b c 4c 4b b c 4 b c
2 2 2
(
= = + + = + +

.
, ,
.
p dng bt ng thc Bunhiacopski, ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2 2
1.b 1.c 2 b c 4 b c 2 b c + s + + > + .
Do : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2
ABC
1 1 6
S b c 2 b c 4 b c 2 b c b c
2 2 2
> + + = + + + = +
.
.
Du bng xy ra khi v ch khi b c. =
C
A
B
D
P
Q N
M
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13
T (1) suy ra
2b
c 0 b 2.
b 2
= > >

Suy ra ( )
ABC
6 2b 6 4 6 4
S b b 2 b 2 4
2 b 2 2 b 2 2 b 2
| | | | (
> + = + + = + +
| |
(

\ . \ .
.

p dng bt ng thc Cauchy cho 2 s dng: ( )
4
b 2 4
b 2
+ >
ABC
S 4 6 >
.
.
Do
ABC
MinS 4 6 =
.
t c khi
b c 0
b c 4
bc
b c
2
= >
= =
+ =
.
Cu VIIb
Ta c:
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
k k
k k
k
2010
k
k 1
k 1
2011
2 2010! 2 2010! 2 C
1
k 1 k! 2010 k ! k 1 k 1 ! 2010 k !
2 2011! 1 1
2 C
2011 k 1 ! 2011 k 1 ! 4022
+
+

= =
+ + +
= =
+

3

3 2
1 5
4 4
3 2
= y x mx mx (C).
5. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s khi m 0 = .
6. Tm m hm s t cc tr ti
1 2
, x x sao cho biu thc :
2 2
2 1
2 2
1 2
5 12
5 12
x mx m m
A
x mx m m
+ +
= +
+ +
t gi tr nh nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
3. Gii phng trnh: ( ) tan tan 2sin 1 6cos 3 sin 1 tan tan
2
x
x x x x x x
| |
+ + = + +
|
\ .
.
4. Gii h phng trnh:
6 2 6
5 2
6 2 6
2
5
2
2 33
2
2 33
xy
x x y
x x
xy
y y x
x y
+ = +
+ = +
( ) , y x eR .
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 2 2011
1 2 2011
2011 2011 2011
2011 0
0
2011
1
P 2 C 2 C ... 2 C
4022
1 1
2 1 2 C .
4022 2011
(
= + + +

(
= + =

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14
Cu III (1,0 im) . Tnh tch phn:
( )
ln5
ln 2
.
10 1 1
x x
dx
I
e e
=

}

Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh chp t gic S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung tm O,
cnh bng a. Cnh bn SA vung gc vi y hnh chp v SA a 2 = . Gi H v K ln lt
l hnh chiu ca A trn SB, SD. Chng minh ( ) SC AHK v tnh th tch O.AHK.
Cu V (1,0 im). Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim:
( ) ( ) 4 3 3 3 4 1 1 0 m x m x m + + + =
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
3. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hai ng trn:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
1 2
C : x y 9 ; C : x 1 y 1 25 + = + = . Gi A, B l cc giao im ca ( )
1
C
v ( )
2
C . Vit phng trnh ng thng AB. Hy chng minh rng nu K AB e th
KI KJ < vi I, J ln lt l tm ca ( )
1
C v ( )
2
C .
4. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) A 5; 5; 0 v ng thng
x 1 y 1 z 7
d :
2 3 4
+ +
= =
.
Tm to cc im B, C thuc d sao cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A v
BC 2 17 = .
Cu VII a (1,0 im). Gii phng trnh:
2
z 2011 0 + = trn tp s phc C.

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, xc nh to cc im B v C ca tam gic u ABC bit
( ) A 3; 5 v trng tm ( ) G 1;1 .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai im ( ) ( ) 0; 0; 3 , N 2; 0; 1 M v mt phng
( ) : 3 8 7 1 0 x y z + = . Tm ta P nm trn mt phng ( ) sao cho tam gic MNP
u.

Cu VII b (1,0 im). Gii h phng trnh:
3 3
log y log x
3 3
x 2y 27
log y log x 1
+ =
.

BI GII
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii.
2. TX: D = R
2
5 4 y x mx m ' = .
Hm s t cc tr ti
1 2
, x x Phng trnh 0 y' = c hai nghim phn bit
1 2
, x x
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15
2
16
25 16 0 25
0
m
m m
m
<
A = + >

>
(1)
Theo nh l Viet, ta c:
1 2
1 2
5
4
x x m
x x m
+ =

V
1
x l nghim ca phng trnh nn:
2 2
1 1 1 1
5 4 0 5 4 x mx m x mx m = = + .
Do : ( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
5 12 5 4 5 12 5 16 15 16 0 x mx m mx m mx m m x x m m m + + = + + + = + + = + > .
Tng t, ta cng tnh c:
2 2
2 1
5 12 25 16 0 x mx m m m + + = + > .
Khi :
2 2 2 2
2 1
2 2 2 2
1 2
5 12 25 16
2
5 12 25 16
x mx m m m m m
A
x mx m m m m m
+ + +
= + = + >
+ + +

( Bt ng thc Cauchy cho 2 s dng).
Du = xy ra
( )
2 2
2
4 2 2 2
2 2
25 16
25 16 25 16
25 16
m m m
m m m m m m
m m m
+
= = + = +
+

2
0
24 16 0
2
3
m
m m
m
=
+ =

=
. Kt hp vi (1) ta chn
2
.
3
m =
Vy min 2 A = khi
2
3
m = .

Cu II
1. iu kin:
2
cos 0 cos 0
cos 0 cos 0
1 cos 0 cos 1 cos 0 2cos 0
2 2
x x
x x
x x
x x
= =
= =

+ = = = =

.
Ta c: ( ) tan tan 2sin 1 6cos 3 sin 1 tan tan
2
x
x x x x x x
| |
+ + = + +
|
\ .

( )
sin
sin
2
tan tan 2sin 1 6cos 3 sin 1
cos
cos
2
x
x
x x x x x
x
x
| |
|
+ + = + +
|
|
\ .

( )
cos cos sin sin
2 2
tan tan 2sin 1 6cos 3 sin
cos cos
2
x x
x x
x x x x x
x
x
+
+ + = +
( )
cos
2
tan tan 2sin 1 6cos 3 sin
cos cos
2
x
x x x x x
x
x
+ + = +
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16
( ) tan tan 2sin tan 6cos 3 tan x x x x x x + + = +
( ) tan tan 2sin 6cos 3 x x x x + = +
( ) ( ) ( )( )
2 2
tan 1 2cos 3 1 2cos 1 2cos tan 3 0 x x x x x + = + + =
2 2 2 2 2 2
1
1 1 1
cos
cos cos cos
2
2 2 2
1
cos tan 3 sin 3 os 1 os 3cos
4
x
x x x
x x x c x c x x
= = =

= = = =

2
1 1 2
os os2 2 2
4 2 3 3
c x c x x k x k

= = = + = + ( ) k eZ (tho iu kin)
2. Cng v theo v ca hai phng trnh trn ta c:
2 2
5 2 2
5
1 1
2
2 33 2 33
xy x y
x x y y
| |
| + = +
|
+ +
\ .

( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
5 5
1 1
2
1 32 1 32
xy x y
x y
| |
|
+ = +
|
+ +
\ .
(*)
Nhn xt: ( ) ( )
2 2
* 2 * VT xy x y VP s s + = .
( ) ( )
0
* *
1
1
0
x y
x y
VT VP
x y
x y
x y
=
= =
=
= =

= =
= =
.
Vy tp hp nghim ca h phng trnh cho l: ( ) ( ) { }
0; 0 , 1;1 S = .
Cu III
Ta c:
( ) ( )
ln5 ln5
ln 2 ln 2
.
10 1 1 10 1
x
x x x x
dx e dx
I
e e e e
= =

} }

t
2
1 1 2
x x x
t e t e tdt e dx = = =
i cn: ln 2 1 ; ln5 2 x t x t = = = =

Khi :
( )
( )( )
2
2 2 2
2
1 1 1 1
2tdt dt 1 1 1 1 3 t 1 5
I 2 dt ln ln
3 t 3 t 3 3 t 3 t 3 3 t 3 2 9 t t
+ | |
= = = + = =
|
+ + \ .
} } }
.
Cu IV
+ Chng minh ( ) SC AHK
Ta c: ( )
BC AB
BC SAB BC AH
BC SA

.
Mt khc AH SB nn ( ) AH SBC , do
AH SC .
G
O
D
A
B
C
S
H
K
I
M
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17
Chng minh tng t ta cng c: AK SC .
Vy ( ) SC AHK .
+ Tnh th tch khi chp O.AHK
Gi G SO HK = v I AG SC = .
V ( ) SC AHK nn SC AI .
Mt khc 2 SA AC a = = nn tam gic SAC l tam gic vung cn ti A. Suy ra I l trung
im SC v G l trng tm tam gic SAC.
Ta c: 2 2 SC SA a = = nn
1
2
AI SC a = = v
2 2
.
3 3
a
AG AI = =
Ngoi ra: ( )
BD AC
BD SAC BD SC
BD SA

.
T :
( )
( )
( ) / /
AHIK SC
BD SC BD AHIK
BD AHIK

.
Do : ( ) ( ) / / . AHK SBD HK BD =
Ta c:
2 2 2 2
3 3 3
HK SG a
HK BD
BD SO
= = = = .
Din tch ca tam gic AHK l:
2
1 1 2 2 2 2 2
. . .
2 2 3 3 9
AHK
a a a
S HKAG = = =
.

Gi M l trung im ca AI th / / OM IC v
1
.
2 2
a
OM IC = =
M ( ) SC AHK nn ( ) OM AHK .
Th tch hnh chp O.AHK l:
2 3
1 1 2 2 2
. . .
3 3 9 2 27
AHK
a a a
V S OM = = =
.
.
Cu V
iu kin : 3 1. x s s
Khi : ( ) ( )
3 3 4 1 1
4 3 3 3 4 1 1 0
4 3 3 1 1
x x
m x m x m m
x x
+ + +
+ + + = =
+ + +
(*)
V
2 2
x 3 1 x
1
2 2
| | | |
+
+ =
| |
| |
\ . \ .
nn ta t x 3 2sin ; 1 x 2cos + = =
t t tan , 0 , 0 t 1
2 2

= s s s s .
Phng trinh (*) tr thnh:
2
2
7 12 9
5 16 7
t t
m
t t
+ +
=
+ +
(**)
Phng trnh cho c nghim khi v ch khi phng trnh (**) c nghim trn | | 0;1 .
Xt hm s: ( )
2
2
7 12 9
5 16 7
t t
f t
t t
+ +
=
+ +

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18
( ) f t lin tc trn | | 0;1
( )
( )
2
2
2
52 8 60
0
5 16 7
t t
f t
t t

' = <
+ +
( ) f t l hm nghch bin trn | | 0;1 .
Bng bin thin:

Da vo bng bin thin ta suy ra phng trnh cho c nghim khi
7 9
.
9 7
m s s
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 2 2
9
;
1 1 25
x y
M x y C C
x y
+ =
e

+ =

2 2
2 2
9
7 0
2 2 23 0
x y
x y
x y x y
+ =
+ + =
+ =
l phng trnh ng thng AB.

( ) ; 7 K AB K t t e .
ng trn ( )
1
C c tm l: ( ) 0; 0 I , ng trn ( )
2
C c tm l: ( ) 1;1 J .
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
1 8 7 16 0 KJ KI a a a a KI KJ = + + + = > < .
2. V tam gic ABC vung cn ti A nn
2 2
1
34
2
AB BC = = .
B, C d e nn c to l ( ) 1 2 ; 1 3 ; 7 4 t t t + + .
Khi ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2
1
34 2 6 3 6 4 7 34 29 116 87 0
3
t
AB t t t t t
t
=
= + + + = + =

=
.
Vy ( ) ( ) 1; 2; 3 , C 5;8; 5 B hoc ( ) ( ) B 5;8; 5 , C 1; 2; 3 .
Cu VIIa
t ( ) , b z a bi a = + eR .
Khi
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2011 2011 2 z a b abi z a b abi z a b abi = + = + = +

Do
( )
2 2
2 2 2
2011 0
2011 0 2011 2 0
2 0
a b
z a b abi
ab
+ =
+ = + =

=
9
7
t
( ) f t '
( ) f t
0
1
9
7
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19
Nu 0 b = th
2
2011 0 a + = ( v l) . Do 0 0 b a = = . Dn n: 2011 b = .
Vy s phc z cn tm l: 2011.i
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Gi M l trung im BC, suy ra ( )
3
0; 4
2
MA GA M =
, ,

Trong tam ABM vung ti M ta c:
0
0
3 10
cos30 2 30
cos 30 3
2
AM AM
AB
AB
= = = = .
Suy ra:
2 30
30
2
BM CM = = =
Gi s ( )
0 0
; B x y . Khi ( )
2
2 2
0 0
30 4 30 MB x y = + = (1)
Mt khc
0 0 0 0
. 0 3 12 0 3 12 AM BM AM BM x y x y = + = =
, ,
(2)
Thay (2) vo (1) ta c: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
0 0 0
3 12 4 30 4 3 y y y + = =

0 0
0 0
7 9
1 9
y x
y x
= =

= =

Vy ( ) ( ) 9; 7 , C 9;1 B hoc ( ) ( ) 9;1 , C 9; 7 B .
2. ng thng MN qua ( ) M 0; 0; 3 nhn ( ) MN 2; 0; 2 =
,
lm vect ch phng
nn c phng trnh: ( )
x 2t
y 0 t
z 3 2t
=
= e
= +
R .
Gi ( ) l mt phng trung trc ca on thng MN. Gi I l trung im MN ( ) I 1; 0; 2 .
Mt phng ( ) qua ( ) I 1; 0; 2 nhn ( ) 2; 0; 2 MN =
,
lm vect php tuyn nn c phng
trnh: ( ) ( ) 2. x 1 2. z 2 0 x z 1 0 + + = + + = .
( ) P e sao cho MNP A u
( ) ( )
2 2
P
MN NP
e

Gi s ta im N l ( )
0 0 0
; ; x y z , ta c:
( )
0 0 0
0 0
2
2 2
0 0 0
3 8 7 1 0
1 0
3 8
x y z
x z
x y z
+ =
+ + =
+ + + =
.
Gii h phng trnh ny ta tm c ( )
2 2 1
P 2; 2; 3 , P ; ;
3 3 3
| |

|
\ .
.
Cu VIIb
iu kin : , 0 x y > .
M B
C
A
G
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20
t
3
3
og 3
log
3
a
b
a l x x
b y
y
= =

=
=

HPT cho thnh:
( ) ( )
( ) 2 3 9 3 2 3 27
1 1
1
b a
ab a b
a b
a b a b
b a
= = = =

+ = + =

; b a l nghim ca phng trnh:
2
1
2 0
2
t
t t
t
=
=

=

Khi :
3
1 1
9
2 2
1
2 2
9
1 1 1
3
x
a a
y
b b
x
a a
b b
y
=

= =
=

= =

=

= =
= =

=

( tho iu kin).
Vy tp hp nghim ca h phng trnh cho l: ( )
1 1
S 3;9 , ;
9 3

| |
=
`
|
\ . )
.

4

1

1
x
y
x
=
+
(C).
8. Tm im M thuc (C) tng khong cch t M n hai trc to l nh nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
2
cos 2 1
tan 3tan
2 cos
x
x x
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
3
3
2 3
1 3
82
y x
x y
+ =
+ =

( )
4
2
3
4
tan tan
x
I x x e dx
=
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh chp S.ABC c ( ) SA ABC , tam gic ABC vung cn
nh C v SC a = . Tnh gc gia hai mt phng ( ) SBC v ( ) ABC th tch khi chp
ln nht.
Cu V (1,0 im). Cho a, b, c, d l cc s thc dng sao cho:
2 2 2 2
4 a b c d + + + = .
Chng minh:
3 3 3 3
8 a b c d + + + s .
B- PHN RING (3,0 im)
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21
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy, cho tam gic ABC vi 5, AB = ( ) 1; 1 , C ng
thng AB c phng trnh 2 3 0 x y + = v trng tm G ca tam gic ABC thuc ng
thng 2 0. x y + = Hy tm to cc im A v B.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho cc im ( ) ( ) ( ) 3;1;1 , B 7; 3; 9 , C 2; 2; 2 A v
mt phng (P) c phng trnh: 3 0 x y z + + + = .
Tm im M thuc mt phng (P) sao cho 2 3 MA MB MC + +
, , ,
nh nht.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gi A, B theo th t l cc im ca mt phng phc biu din s z khc 0 v
1
2
i
z z
+
' = .
Chng minh tam gic OAB vung cn.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy, cho ng thng : 2 1 2 0 d x my + + = v
ng trn ( )
2 2
: 2 4 4 0 C x y x y + + = . Gi I l tm ng trn (C). Tm m sao cho d ct
(C) ti hai im phn bit A v B. Vi gi tr no ca m th din tch tam gic IAB ln nht
v tnh din tch .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho tam gic ABC c ( ) A 1; 2; 5 v phng trnh hai ng
trung tuyn :
1 2
x 3 y 6 z 1 x 4 y 2 z 2
d : ; d :
2 2 1 1 4 1

= = = =

Vit phng trnh chnh tc cc cnh ca tam gic ABC.

Cu VII b (1,0 im).
Gii h phng trnh sau:
( )
2 1
2 2
5 5
2 2 2
log 3 1 log 2 4 1
y x y x
x y y x y
+
+ =
+ + = +
.

BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c: ( )
0
0
0
1
;
1
x
M x C
x
| |
e
|
+
\ .

Gi
M
d l khong cch t M n hai trc ta , khi :
( ) ( )
0
0
0
1
; Ox ;
1
M
x
d d M d M Oy x
x
= + = +
+

Chn ( ) ( ) 1; 0 1
M
M H d e = . Do , tm
M
Mind ta ch cn xt:
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22
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
1
1 1
0 1
1
1 1 1
1
x
x
x
x
x x
x
<
< <
< <

< + <

.
Vi
0
0 1 x < < th
( )
0
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 2 2
1 1 2
1 1 1
M
x
d x x x
x x x
= + = + = + +
+ + +

( )
( ) 0
0
2
2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
1
x
x
> + = =
+
( Bt ng thc Cauchy).
Du bng xy ra
0
0
0
0
0 1
2 1 2
1
1
x
x
x
x
< <
+ =

Vy
( )
2 2 1
M
mind = khi
( )
2 1;1 2 M .
Cu II
1. iu kin: ( )
cos 0
cos 0
sin 2 0
s 0 sin 0 2
2
x
x
x x k k
co x x
=
=
= = e
| |
+ = =
|
\ .
Z
Phng trnh tng ng vi
2
2 2 3
2
2sin 1
cot 3tan tan 0 tan 1
cos tan
x
x x x x
x x
= = =
( ) tan 1
4
x x k k = = + eZ .
2. t
3
,u 0 ; v = 1 u x y = > . Suy ra:
2 2 4
3 3 3 3
1 1
x u x u
y v y v
= =

= = +

H cho tr thnh: ( )
3
4
4 3 4 3
3 3
3 81
81 81
u v v u
u u
u v u v
+ = =
+ =

+ = + =

( ) ( )
4 3 2 3 2
9 27 54 0 3 2 15 18 0 u u u u u u u u + = + + + = .
Do 0 u > nn
3 2
2 15 18 0 u u u + + + > . Suy ra 3, v = 0 u = .
Khi :
3
3
3 9
1
1 0
x x
y
y
= =

=
=
.
Vy
9
1
x
y
=
l nghim ca h phng trnh cho.

Cu III
( )
2 x 2 x x
1 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
I tan x tan x e dx tan x.e dx t anx.e dx I I

= = =
} } }

S dng tch phn tng phn i vi
2
I ta c:
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23
( )
2
3
2 1 1 2
4 3
4
t anx. 1 tan .
x x
I e x e dx e I I I I e

= + + = + = =
}
.

Cu IV
Ta c:
( ) ( )
, 0;
2
BC SBC ABC
SC BC SCA
CA BC
| |
= e
|
\ .

Trong SAC . vung ti A, ta c: sin sin SA SC a = = .
v cos cos AC SC a = = .
V ABC . vung cn ti C nn:
2 2 2
1 1 1
. cos
2 2 2
ABC
S AB AC AC a = = =
.
.
Th tch hnh chp . S ABC l:
( )
2
2 2 3 2 3
.
1 1 1 1
. sin . cos sin cos sin sin
3 3 2 6 6
S ABC ABC
a
V SAS a a a = = = =
.

Xt hm s ( )
3
sin sin y f = = , 0;
2
| |
e
|
\ .
.
t sin t = , ( ) 0; 0;1
2
t
| |
e e
|
\ .
.
Khi xt hm s ( ) ( )
3
, t 0;1 g t t t = e
( )
2
1 3 g t t ' =
( )
( )
( )
2
1
0;1
3
0 1 3 0
1
0;1
3
t
g t t
t
= e
' = =
= e

Lp bng bin thin

Da vo bng bin thin ta suy ra
( )
( )
( )
3 3 3 3
.
0;1
0;
2
2 3
max max max .
6 6 6 27 3 3
S ABC
t
a a a a
V f g t

e | |
e
|
\ .
= = = = khi
1
sin
3
= , 0;
2
| |
e
|
\ .

Cu V
A C
B
S
+
0
0
t
( ) g t '
( ) g t
0
1
0
1
3
2
3 3
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24
T
2 2 2 2
4 a b c d + + + = suy ra
2
4 2. a a s s Khi ( )
2 3 2
2 0 2 a a a a s s .
Tng t ta cng chng minh c:
3 2
2 b b s ,
3 2
2 c c s ,
3 2
2 d d s .
Cng v theo v ca bn bt ng thc trn ta c
( )
3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2
2 8. a b c d a b c d + + + s + + + =
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. V G l trng tm tam gic ABC nn :
1 3
1 3
A B C A B G
A B C A B G
x x x x x x
y y y y y y
+ + = + =
+ + = + =

Suy ra ( ) 2 3
A A B B G G
x y x y x y + + + = + .
V G eng thng 2 0 x y + = nn 2 0 2
G G G G
x y x y + = + = .
Do : 2 6 8
A A B B A A B B
x y x y x y x y + + + = + + + =
Li v A, B thuc ng thng 2 3 0 x y + = nn: ( )
2 3 0
1
2 3 0
A A
B B
x y
x y
+ =
+ =
.
( )
2
8 3 2 3 2 6
10
A B
A A B B A A B B A B
A B
y y
x y x y y y y y y y
x x
+ =
= + + + = + + + = +

+ =

Mt khc ( ) ( )
2 2
5 5
A B A B
AB x x y y = + =
Nhng theo (1) 3 2 , x 3 2
A A B B
x y y = = nn ( ) 2
A B B A
x x y y = .
Suy ra ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
5 5
A B A B A B
x x y y y y + = =
Vy
1 1
1 1
2 2
2 2 3 3
2 2
A A
A B A B
A B A B
B B
y y
y y y y
y y y y
y y

= =

= =

v v

+ = + =

= =

Cui cng ta thu c:
1 3
4; , B 6;
2 2
A
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .
hoc
3
6;
2
A
| |
|
\ .
,
1
4;
2
B
| |
|
\ .
.
2. Gi s I l mt im tho 2 3 0 IA IB IC + + =
, , , ,
. Khi ta tnh c I
23 13 25
; ;
6 6 6
| |
|
\ .
.
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 3 2 3 6 MA MB MC MI IA MI IB MI IC MI + + = + + + + + =
, , , , , , , , , ,

2 3 MA MB MC + +
, , ,
nh nht MI
,
nh nht M l hnh chiu vung gc ca I ln mt
phng (P).
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25
Gi A l ng thng qua I nhn ( ) 1;1;1
P
u n = =
.
, ,
lm vect ch phng nn c phng
trnh tham s : ( )
23
6
13

6
25
6
x t
y t t
z t
= +
= + e
= +
R .
Ta c ( ) M P = A to im M ng vi tham s t l nghim ca phng trnh :
23 13 25 79 5 20 2
3 0 ; ;
6 6 6 18 9 9 9
t t t t M
| |
+ + + + + + = =
|
\ .
.
Vy 2 3 MA MB MC + +
, , ,
nh nht khi
5 20 2
; ;
9 9 9
M
| |

|
\ .

Cu VII a
Gi s z x yi = + th ta c ( ) A x; y . V z 0 = nn
2 2
x y 0 + > .
Ta c ( )( )
1 1
1 .
2 2 2 2
i x y x y
z z i x yi i
+ +
' = = + + = +
Vy B c ta : ; .
2 2
x y x y
B
+ | |
|
\ .

Ta li c:
2 2
2 2
2 2 2 2
; OB
2 2 2
x y x y x y
OA x y
+ + | | | |
= + = + =
| |
\ . \ .
.

2 2 2 2
2 2
2
.
2 2 2 2 2
x y x y x y y x x y
AB x y
+ + + | | | | | | | |
= + = + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

T , suy ra :
2 2 2
OB AB
.
OA OB AB
=
= +
Vy tam gic OAB vung cn ti B.

Cu VI b
1. ( ) C c tm I (1; 2) v bn knh R = 3.
d ct ( ) C ti 2 im phn bit A, B
( , ) < d I d R
2
2 2 1 2 3 2 + < + m m
2 2
1 4 4 18 9 m m m + < +
2
5 4 17 0 m m + + > ( lun ng m eR).
Ta c:
1 1 9
. sin .
2 2 2
S IA IB AIB IA IB
IAB
= s =
.

Vy: S
IAB .
ln nht l
9
2
khi
0
90 = AIB AB = 2 3 2 = R
3 2
( , )
2
= d I d
d
B
A
I
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26

3 2
2
1 2 2
2
m m = +
2 2
16 16 4 36 18 m m m + = +
2
2 16 32 0 m m + + = 4 = m
2. Thay ta ( ) A 1; 2; 5 vo hai phng trnh
1 2
d , d thy khng tha. Do
1 2
A d , A d e e . Gi s
1
d l trung tuyn v t B,
2
d l trung tuyn v t C
( ) ( )
1 2
, C d B d B 3 2b; 6 2b;1 b C 4 c; 2 4c; 2 c e e + + + + .
1 2
G d d = Ta im G l nghim ca h :
3 6 1
2 2 1
.
4 2 2
1 4 1
x y z
x y z

= =
= =

Gii h ny ta thu c x 3; y 6; z 1. = = =
Do ( ) G 3; 6;1
G l trng tm ca tam gic ABC nn
A B C
G
A B C
G
A B C
G
x x x 1 3 2b 4 c
x 3
3 3
2b c 1
y y y 2 6 2b 2 4c
y 6 b 2c 4
3 3
b c 5
z z z 5 1 b 2 c
1 z
3 3
+ + + + +
= =

=
+ + + + +
= = =

+ =
+ + + + + +
= =

( )
( )
b 2 B 7; 2; 1
c 3 C 1;14; 1
=

T ta lp c phng trnh cc cnh ca tam gic ABC l:
1 2 5
:
1 0 1
7 2 1
:
1 2 0
1 14 1
: .
0 2 1
x y z
AB
x y z
BC
x y z
CA

= =
+
= =
+
= =

Cu VII b

( )
( ) ( )
2 1
2 2
5 5
2 2 2 1
log 3 1 log 2 4 1 2
y x y x
x y y x y
+
+ =
+ + = +

iu kin : 0 y > .
Chia c hai v ca (1) cho
x
2 0 > ta c:
( ) ( ) 2 2
2 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 0
2 2 0
y x
y x y x y x y x
y x
=
+ = + =

= <

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27
Ta c: 2 1
y x
x y
= = . Thay y x = vo (2) ta c:
( ) ( )
2
2 2
5 5 5
1
log 3 1 log 2 4 1 log 3 1 2 1 x x x x x x x
x
| |
+ + = + + + =
|
\ .
(3)
p dng bt ng thc Cauchy: ( ) ( )
5 5
1
3 og 3 log 2 3 1 VT l x
x
| |
= + + > + =
|
\ .
.
( ) 3 1 VP s .
Vy ( ) ( )
( )
2
1
3 3 1 1 1
1 0
x
x
VT VP x y
x
= = = =
(tha iu kin y 0 > )

Vy 1 x y = = l nghim duy nht ca h phng trnh.

5

Cu I (2,0 im) . Cho hm s: ( ) ( )
3 2
3 1 5 4 8 y x m x m x = + + + ( )
m
C
9. Kho st s bin thin v v th ( )
m
C ca hm s khi m 0 = .
10. Tm m ( )
m
C ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit lp thnh mt cp s nhn.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
3 1
8sin
cos sin
x
x x
= + .
2. Gii phng trnh: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 3
3 2 4
4 4 4
1 1 1 1 . x x x x x x x x + + = + +
( )
0
1
2
1 1
dx
I
x x
=
+ +
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh thoi ; hai ng cho
AC = 2 3a , BD = 2a v ct nhau ti O; hai mt phng (SAC) v (SBD) cng vung gc
vi mt phng (ABCD). Bit khong cch t im O n mt phng (SAB) bng
3
4
a
.
Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABCD theo a.

Cu V (1,0 im). Tm m bt phng trnh sau v nghim:
2
2
1 1
2 sinx sinx 7
sinx sinx
2.
1 1
3 sinx sinx 12
sinx sinx
m
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
>
| | | |
+ + +
| |
\ . \ .

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28
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy, cho im ( ) 2;1 A . Ly im B thuc trc Ox c
honh 0 b > v im C thuc trc Oy c tung 0 c > sao cho tam gic ABC vung ti
A. Tm B, C sao cho din tch tam gic ABC ln nht.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho cc im ( ) ( ) 2; 0; 0 , M 0; 3; 6 A . Vit phng trnh mt
phng ( ) P cha A, M v ct cc trc , Oy Oz ti cc im tng ng B, C sao cho
3.
OABC
V =
Cu VII a (1,0 im).
Xt s phc:
( ) 1 2
i m
z
m m i
=

. Tm m
1
.
2
z z = .

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy, cho ng thng : 2 2 0 x y A + = v hai im
( ) ( ) 1; 3 , B 3; 2 A . Tm M trn A sao cho MA MB t gi tr ln nht.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai im ( )
( )
2;3; 0 , B 0; 2; 0 A v ng thng
: 0
2
x t
y
z t
=
A =
. Tm CeA sao cho chu vi tam gic ABC nh nht.

Cu VII b (1,0 im).
Tm min xc nh ca hm s:
( )
3 2 lg 2 lg
ln 8 4
x x
y
+
=

BI GII
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. + iu kin cn : Gi s ( )
m
C ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit
1 2 3
, , x x x lp thnh
mt cp s nhn . Khi ( ) ( )
3 2
3 1 5 4 8 0 x m x m x + + + = c 3 nghim l
1 2 3
, , x x x
( ) ( ) ( )( )( )
3 2
1 2 3
3 1 5 4 8 x x m x m x x x x x x x + + + = eR
( ) ( )
3 2
3 1 5 4 8 x m x m x + + + ( ) ( )
3 2
1 2 3 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 2 3
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x = + + + + +
Suy ra :
1 2 3
8 x x x = . V
1 2 3
, , x x x lp thnh mt cp s nhn nn
2
2 1 3
x x x = . Do
3
2 2
8 2. x x = = Thay
2
2 x = vo phng trnh ( ) ( )
3 2
3 1 5 4 8 0 x m x m x + + + =
ta thu c 4 2 0 2. m m = =
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29
+ iu kin : Vi 2 m = thay vo phng trnh ( ) ( )
3 2
3 1 5 4 8 0 x m x m x + + + = ta
thu c ( )( )( )
3 2
1 2 3
7 14 8 0 1 2 4 0 1 , 2, 4 x x x x x x x x x + = = = = = lp
thnh mt cp s nhn .
Vy 2 m = l gi tr cn tm.
Cu II
1. iu kin: ( )
sin 0
sin 2 0 .
cos 0 2
x
x x k k
x
=
= = e
Z
2
8sin cos 3sin cos x x x x = +
( ) 4 1 cos 2 cos 3sin cos x x x x = +
4cos 4cos 2 cos 3sin cos x x x x x = +
( ) 4cos 2 cos3 cos 3sin cos x x x x x + = +
1 3
cos sin cos3 cos cos3
2 2 3
x x x x x
| |
= + =
|
\ .

( )
3 2
3 6

3 2
3 12 2
x x k x k
k
x x k x k

+ = + = +

e

+ = + = +

Z tho iu kin ban u.
2. iu kin: 0 1 x s s
t
4
4
4 4
0
0
1
1
u
u x
v
v x
u v
>
=

>

=
+ =

T phng trnh cho ta c :
( ) ( )
2 2 3 2 2 2
2 2
0
u uv v v u u v
u v u v u uv v
+ + = + +
(
+ + + =

( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )
1 0
1 0
u v u v u v
u v u v
+ =
=

( do u , v khng m v u , v khng ng thi bng 0 nn 0 u v + > ).
Ta c cc h :
4
4 4
4
1
0
2
)
1 1
2
u
u v
a
u v
v
=
=

+ =

=
. Do
1
1
2
.
1 2
1
2
x
x
x

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30
( )
2
2
4 4 2 2
1
1
)
1 2 2 1
u v
u v
b
u v u v uv u v
+ =
+ =

(
+ = + =

2 2
1 0
1
0 1 1
0
2 4 0 1 1
2
2 0
u v u
u v
uv v u v
uv
u v uv u v u
uv
uv v
+ = =
+ =
= = + =

=

= + = =

=

= =

. Do
0
1 1 0
1 1
1 0
x
x x
x x
x
=

= =
= =

.
Vy tp hp nghim ca phng trnh cho l:
1
0; ;1
2
S

=
`
)
.

Cu III
Ta c:
( )
0 0
2
1 1
2 2
1 1
1 1
1
4 2
dx dx
I
x x
x

= =
+ +
| |
+ +
|
\ .
} }

t
1 1 1
sin costdt ; t ;
2 2 2 2 2
x t dx
(
+ = = e
(

Lc :
2 2 2
2 0 0 0
1
cos
cos 2
2
1 2 .
2 cos 2 cos 2 1 1
1 sin
4 4
tdt
t
I dt dt J
t t
t

(
= = = =
(
+ +

+
} } }

Cn tnh J
2
0
dt
2 cos t
=
+
}
. t
2
2
tan
2 1
x dt
t dx
t
= =
+

Ta c:
1 1
2
2 2
0 0
2
2
1
2
1 3
2
1
dt
dt
t
J
t t
t
+
= =
+
+
+
} }

t
( )
2
3 tan 3 1 tan t u dt u du = = +
( )
2
6 6
2
0 0
3 1 tan
1
3 3tan 3 6 3
u du
J du
u

+
= = =
+
} }
.
Suy ra:
( )
9 4 3
I 2.
2 18 6 3

= = .

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31
Cu IV

Trong .ABO vung ti O ta c:
2 3
tan 3
2
OA AC a
ABO
OB BD a
= = = =
0
60 ABO = hay .ABD u.
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
SAC ABCD
SBD ABCD SO ABCD
SO SAC SBD

.
Do .ABD u nn vi H, K
ln lt l trung im ca AB, HB nn DH AB v DH = 3 a ;
OK // DH v
1 3
2 2
a
OK DH = = OK AB AB (SOK)
Gi I l hnh chiu ca O ln SK ta c OI SK; AB OI OI (SAB) ,
hay ( ) ( )
; OI d O SAB =

.SOK vung ti O ta c:
2 2 2
1 1 1
2
a
SO
OI OK SO
= + = .
Din tch y:
2
4 2 . 2 3 2 3
ABCD ABO
S S OAOB a a a = = = = .
Th tch khi chp S.ABCD:
3
2
.
1 1 3
. 2 3
3 3 2 3
S ABCD ABCD
a a
V SO S a = = = .
Cu V
Bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
2
2
1 1
2 sin sin 1
sin sin
2
1 1
3 sin sin
sin sin
x x
x x
x x m
x x
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
>
| | | |
+ +
| |
\ . \ .
.
t ( )
1
sin , t
sin
t x x k
x
= = eR .
Bi ton tng ng vi vic tm m bt phng trnh sau ng vi mi t:
2
2
2 1
2
3
t t
t t m
+
s
+ +
.
V mu thc xc nh t eR nn
1
1 12 0 .
12
t m A = < > Khi
2
3 0 t t t m + + > eR.
V
2
2 1 0 t t t + > eR nn
2
2
2
2 1
2 4 3 2 1 0
3
t t
t t t m t
t t m
+
s e + + > e
+ +
R R
( )
35
9 16 2 1 0 .
12
m m A = s >
S
A
B
K
H
C
O
I
D

a
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32
Vy
35
12
m > l gi tr cn tm tha mn yu cu bi ton.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Ta c: ( ) ( ) ; 0 , C 0; B b Ox c Oy e e vi , c 0 b > .
( ) ( ) 2; 1 , 2; 1 AB b AC c = =
, ,
.
Do tam gic ABC vung ti A nn ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 2 2 1 0 1 2 2 ABAC b c c b = = =
,,
.
( ) ( )
2 2 1 1
2 1. 4 1
2 2
ABC
S ABAC b c = = + +
.

( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 1
2 1 4 4 2 2 1 1
2
b b b = + + = + > .
Do
5
2 5 0 0
2
c b b = + > s s .
Du = xy ra khi 2 b = , 1 c = .
Vy min 1
ABC
S =
.
khi ( ) 2; 0 B , ( ) 0;1 C .
2. Gi s ( ) ( ) 0; ; 0 , C 0; 0; B b c . Mt phng ( ) P qua A , B , C nn c phng trnh l :
1.
2
x y z
b c
+ + =
( ) ( )
3 6
0; 3; 6 1 6 3 . M P b c bc
b c
e + = =
Li c :
1 2 1
. . . 3 9.
3 3 2 3
OABC OBC
bc
V OAS bc bc = = = = =
.

T ta c c cc h phng trnh :
(a) .
( )
2
3
2 3
3
2 3 2 3 6 3 9
3
3
2 3 9 9 2 3 9 0
3
2
2
6
b
c b
c
c b c b b c
b
b b bc b b b
b
c
=
=
=

= = = =

= = = =
=

.
(ii ).
( )
2
2 3 2 3 6 3 9
2 3 9 9 2 3 9 0
c b c b b c
b b bc b b
= + = + =

+ = = + + =

( H v nghim).
Vy phng trnh mt phng ( ) P cn tm l :
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33
1 , 1.
3
2 3 3 2 6
2
x y z x y z
+ + = + + =

Cu VII a
Ta c:
( )
( )( )
( )
2
2 2
2 2
1 2
1 2
1 4
m i m mi
i m
z
m mi
m m
+
= =
+
+

( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 1
1 1
m m m i m m m m i m
m m
+ + + + + +
= =
+ +

=
2 2
1
1 1
m
i
m m
+
+ +

2 2
1
1 1
m
z i
m m
=
+ +

Do
( )
2
2
2 2
2
1 1 1 1 1
. 1 2 1.
2 2 1 2
1
m
z z m m
m
m
+
= = = + = =
+
+

Cu VI b
1. t ( ) ; 2 2 F x y x y = + . Do ( ) ( ) 1; 3 . 3; 2 15 0 F F = < nn A v B nm v hai pha
khc nhau i vi A .
Gi d l ng thng qua A vung gc vi A . Khi d nhn ( ) 1; 2
d
u n
A
= =
, ,
lm vect ch
phng nn c phng trnh:
1 3
2 1 0
1 2
x y
x y

= + = .
Gi H d = A To im H l nghim ca h: ( )
2 1 0 0
0;1
2 2 0 1
x y x
H
x y y
+ = =

+ = =

.
Gi C l im i xng ca A qua A nn H l trung im ca AC. Suy ra ( ) 1; 1 C .
Ta c: 17. MA MB MC MB BC = s =
Du = xy ra khi v ch khi . M BC = A
ng thng BC qua ( ) 3; 2 B nhn ( ) 4;1 BC =
,
lm vect ch phng nn c phng
trnh:
3 2
4 5 0
4 1
x y
x y
+
= + + =
.
To im M cn tm l nghim ca h:
9
2 2 0
7
9;
7
4 5 0 2
2
x
x y
M
x y y
=
+ = | |

|
+ + = = \ .
.
Vy 17 Max MA MB = khi
7
9;
2
M
| |
|
\ .
.
2. Ta c: ( ) ; 0; 2 C C t t eA
Gi P l chu vi ca tam gic ABC, ta c:
P AB AC BC = + +
2 2
15 6 2 2 8 17 2 4 6 t t t y = + + + + +
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34
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
15 6 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 t t = + + + + +
Trong mt phng Oxy, t ( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2 ;3 , 2 1 ; 2 u t v t = =
, ,

3 3 AC BC u v u v + = + > + =
, , , ,

Du bng xy ra khi v ch khi u
,
v v
,
cng phng
( )
( )
2 2 3 7
2 5 2 1
t
t
t
= =

.
15 6 3 3 3 MinP = + + khi
7 3
; 0;
5 5
C
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu VII b
Hm s xc nh khi v ch khi
( ) ( )
3 2 lg 2 lg
3 2
2 lg 2 lg 3 2 lg 2 lg
0
0
8 4 0
8 4
8 4
x x
x x x x
x
x
+
+ +
> >

>

>
>

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
9 2 lg 4 2 lg
0 0
9 2 lg 4 2 lg
2 2
x x
x x
x x
+
> >

+ >
>

0 0
100
lg 2 100
x x
x
x x
> >
>

> >

.
Vy min xc nh ca hm s cho l: ( ) 100; D = + .

6

3 2
3 2 y x x = + ( ) C
11. Kho st s bin thin v v th ( ) C ca hm s.
12. Tm m ( ) C c im cc i v cc tiu nm v hai pha i vi ng trn
( )
2 2 2
: 2 4 5 1 0
m
C x y mx my m + + = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Tm nghim thuc khong ( ) 0; ca phng trnh:
sin3 cos3
7 cos 4 cos 2
2sin 2 1
x x
x x
x
| |
=
|
\ .
.
2. Tm m h bt phng trnh sau c nghim:
( )
5 1 5 1
2
7 7 2012 2012
2 2 3 0
x x x
x
x m x m
+ + + +
+ s
+ + + >

1
2 4 2
11 3 1
dx
x x x x + + + + +
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y l tam gic ABC vung ti C,
, AB = 2a, SA AC a = vung gc vi y. Gc gia hai mt phng (SAB) v (SAC) bng
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35
0
60 . Gi H, K ln lt l hnh chiu ca A ln SB, SC. Chng minh AK HK v tnh th
tch khi chp S.ABC.
Cu V (1,0 im). Cho ( ) , y, z 0,1 x e . Chng minh rng ( )( ) ( ) 1 1 1 1 xyz x y z + < .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
5. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho im ( ) 2; 3 M v ng thng
( ) ( ) : 2 1 2 1 0 m x m y m A + + = . Tm tham s thc m khong cch t M n
ng thng A l ln nht.
6. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai ng thng
1
2 1
:
2 1 2
x y z
d

= =
v ( )
2
2 2
: 3
x t
d y t
z t
=
= e
R . Chng minh hai ng thng trn cho

nhau. Hy vit phng trnh mt cu (S) bit (S) c ng knh l on vung gc chung
ca
1 2
, d d .
Cu VII a (1,0 im). Cho M, N l hai im trong mt phng phc biu din theo th t
cc s phc
1 2
, z z khc 0 tha mn ng thc
2 2
1 2 1 2
z z z z + = . Chng minh tam gic OMN
l tam gic u.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho hnh ch nht ABCD c din tch bng 12, tm
I l giao im ca hai ng thng
1 2
: 3 0, d : 6 0 d x y x y = + = . Trung im M ca
cnh AD l giao im ca ng thng
1
d vi trc Ox. Tm to cc nh ca hnh ch
nht.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho mt phng ( ) v mt cu ( ) S ln lt c
phng trnh: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 3 0 ; 1 2 4 25. x y z x y z + = + + + = Xt v tr tng i
gia mt cu ( ) S v mt phng ( ) . Vit phng trnh mt cu ( ) V i xng vi ( ) S qua
mt phng ( ) .
Cu VII b (1,0 im). Gii bt phng trnh:
( ) ( ) 2 2
log 3 1 6 1 log 7 10 x x + + > .

BI GII
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Hm s xc nh v lin tc trn R.
Ta c:
2
3 6 y x x ' = ;
2
0
0 3 6 0
2
x
y x x
x
=
' = =

=

Ta cc im cc tr: ( ) ( ) 0; 2 , B 2; 2 A .
Cch 1: (C) c im cc tr nm v hai pha i vi ng trn ( )
m
C khi v ch khi
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36
( )( )
2 2
4 8 5 1 4 4 4 8 5 1 0 m m m m m + + + + <
( )( )
2 2 2
5 8 3 5 4 7 0 5 8 3 0 m m m m m m + + + < + < ( v
2
5 4 7 0 m m m + + > eR).
3
1
5
m < < .
Cch 2: ng trn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 2 1
m
C x m y m + = c tm ( ) ; 2 I m m , bn knh 1 R = .
Ta c:
2
2
2 36 6
5 4 8 5 1
5 5 5
IB m m m R
| |
= + + = + + > > =
|
\ .
im B nm pha ngoi
ng trn ( )
m
C . Do im A nm pha trong ng trn ( )
m
C , tc l:
2 2
3
1 5 8 4 1 5 8 3 0 1
5
IA R m m m m m < = + < + < < < .
Cu II
1. iu kin: ( )
5
2
12
sin 2 1
2
12
x k
x k
x k
= +
= e
= +
Z .
3 3
3sin 4sin 4cos 3cos
7 cos 4 cos 2
2sin 2 1
x x x x
x x
x
| | +
=
|
\ .

( ) ( )( ) 3 sin cos 4 sin cos 1 sin cos
7 4 cos 2
2sin 2 1
x x x x x x
x
x
| | + +
=
|
\ .

( )( ) sin cos 3 4 4sin cos
7 cos 4 cos 2
2sin 2 1
x x x x
x x
x
| | + +
=
|
\ .

( ) ( )
( )
2
sin cos 2sin 2 1
7 cos 4 cos 2 7sin 4 1 2sin
2sin 2 1
x x x
x x x x
x
| | +
= =
|
\ .

2
1 2
sin
6
2sin 7sin 3 0 2
5
sin 3 2
6
x k
x
x x
x x k
= +

=
+ =

= = +

V ( ) 0; x e nn ta c c hai nghim sau y:
5
,
6 6
x x

= = .
2. iu kin: 1 x >
Ta c:
( ) ( )
5 1 5 1 1 5 5
7 7 2012 2012 7 7 7 2012 1
x x x x x
x x
+ + + + +
+ s s (*)
Nu 1 x > th ( ) ( ) * 0 * VP VT < < ( V l).
Bt phng trnh (*) lun ng khi 1 1 x s s .
H bt phng trnh cho c nghimBt phng trnh ( )
2
2 2 3 0 x m x m + + + > c
nghim | | 1;1 x e Bt phng trnh: ( )
2
2 2 3 m x x x s + c nghim | | 1;1 x e
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37
2
2 3
2
x x
m
x
+
>
c nghim | | 1;1 x e
| |
( )
1;1
min
x
m f x
e
> vi ( )
2
2 3
2
x x
f x
x
+
=
.
Hm s ny c vit li : ( )
3
2
f x x
x
= +
, | | 1;1 x e
( )
( ) ( )
2
2 2
3 4 1
1
2 2
x x
f x
x x
+
' = =

( )
| |
| |
2 3 1;1
0
2 3 1;1
x
f x
x
= + e
' =
= e

( )
2 3 2 2 3 f = ; ( ) ( ) 1 1 2 f f = = ;
Do
| |
( ) ( ) ( )
1;1
min 1 1 2
x
f x f f
e
= = = .
Vy 2 m > tho mn yu cu bi ton.
Cu III
t x t dx dt = = .
Khi :
1 1
2 4 2 2 4 2
1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1
dt dx
I
t t t t x x x x
= =
+ + + + + + + +
} }
.
Suy ra: ( ) ( ) ( )
1
1
2I g x g x dx
= +
}
vi ( )
2 4 2
1
1 3 1
g x
x x x x
=
+ + + + +
.
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2 4 2 2 4 2
1 1
1 3 1 3
g x g x
x x x x x x x x
+ = +
+ + + + + + +

=
( )( )
2 4 2 2 4 2
2 4 2 2 4 2
1 3 1 1 3 1
1 3 1 1 3 1
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x
+ + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
( )
( )
2 4 2
2
2 4 2 2
2 1 3 1
1 3 1
x x x
x x x x
+ + + +
=
+ + + +

=
( )
2 4 2
4 4 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 2
2 1 3 1
1 3 1 2 2 3 1 2 3 1
x x x
x x x x x x x x x x
+ + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +

( )
2 4 2
4 2 4 2 2 4 2
2 1 3 1
2 2 4 2 3 1 2 3 1
x x x
x x x x x x x
+ + + +
=
+ + + + + + + +

2 4 2
4 2 4 2 2 4 2
1 3 1
1 2 3 1 3 1
x x x
x x x x x x x
+ + + +
=
+ + + + + + + +

( ) ( )
2 4 2
2
2 4 2 2 4 2 4 2
1 3 1 1
1
1 3 1 3 1
x x x
x
x x x x x x x x
+ + + +
= =
+
+ + + + + + + + +
.
Do :
1 1 1
2 2 2
1 0 0
2 2
1 1 1
dx dx dx
I I
x x x
= = =
+ + +
} } }

t
( )
2
tan 1 tan x u dx u du = = +
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38
Vy
( )
2
4 4
4
2 0
0 0
1 tan
1 tan 4
u du
I du u
u

+
= = = =
+
} }
.
Cu IV.
.
Ta c: ( )
SA BC
BC SAC BC AK
AC BC

M AK SC nn ( ) AK SBC AK HK .
Hn na ( ) AK SBC AK SB
Suy ra: ( ) SB AHK SB HK
M ( ) ( ) SB SAB SBC = nn
0
60 AHK = .
D dng tnh c
2
ABC
a 3
S
2
=
Trong tam vung AKH c
0
3
AK AHsin 60 AH
2
= =
Cc tam gic SAB, SAC vung ti A nn
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
AH SA AB SA 4a
= + = + (1)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 4 1 1 1 3 3
AK SA AC 3AH SA a AH 4SA 4a
= + = + = + (2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra:
2 2
1 1 a 2
SA
4SA 2a 2
= = .
Vy
3
S.ABC
a 6
V
12
= .

Cu V
Cch 1: Do ( ) , , 0;1 x y z e nn
( )
( ) ( )( ) ( )
0;1
1 1 1 0;1
xyz
x y z
e
.
Khi : ( )( )( ) ( )( )( )
3 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 xyz x y z xyz x y z + < +
p dng bt ng thc Cauchy ta c:
( )( )( )
3 3
1 1
1 1 1 1
3 3
x y z x y z
xyz x y z
+ + 1 + +
+ s + =
Suy ra: ( )( ) ( ) 1 1 1 1 xyz x y z + < .
Cch 2:
Ta c ( ) ( ) 0;1 1 0;1 z z e e
Do : ( )( )( ) ( )( ) 1 1 1 1 1 xyz x y z xy x y + < +
p dng bt ng thc Bunhiacopski ta c:
A
C
B
S
H
K
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39
( )
( ) ( ) ( )( )
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 x y x y x x y y xy x y + s + + = + s
Suy ra: ( )( ) ( ) 1 1 1 1 xyz x y z + < .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Ta c: ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 3 1 2 1
7 8
,
2 6 5
2 1
m m m
m
d d M
m m
m m
+ +

= A = =
+
+

Suy ra:
2
2
2
49 112 64
2 6 5
m m
d
m m
+
=
+

Cch 1:
Ta c:
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2
49 112 64
2 6 5 49 112 64
2 6 5
m m
d d m d m d m m
m m
+
= + = +
+

hay
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 49 2 56 3 5 64 0 d m d m d + + = .
+ Nu
2
7 2
2 49 0
2
d d = = ( do 0 d > ) th
117 117
35 0
2 70
m m + = = .
+ Nu
2
7 2
2 49 0
2
d d = = th phng trnh bc hai n theo n m trn c nghim
khi v ch khi
( ) ( )( )
2
2 2 2
56 3 2 49 5 64 0 d d d ' A = >
4 2 2
37 0 37 0 d d d s s ( do 0 d > )
2
37 37 d d s s
Vi 37 d = ta c:
2
11
25 110 121 0
5
m m m + = = .
Vy max 37 d = khi
11
5
m =
Cch 2:
Xt hm s: ( )
2
2
49 112 64
2 6 5
m m
f m
m m
+
=
+

Tp xc nh D = R
( )
( )
2
2
2
70 234 176
2 6 5
m m
f m
m m
+
' =
+

( )
2
8
7
0 70 234 176 0
11
5
m
f m m m
m
' = + =

( ) ( )
49 49
lim , lim
2 2
x x
f m f m
+
= = .

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40
Bng bin thin:

Da vo bng bin thin ta suy ra ( )
11
max 37
5
m
f m f
e
| |
= =
|
\ .
R
.
Vy max 37 d = khi
11
5
m = .
2. ng thng
1
d i qua ( ) 2;1; 0 M v c vect ch phng ( )
1
1; 1; 2 u =
,
.

ng thng
2
d i qua ( ) 2;3; 0 N v c vect ch phng ( )
1
2; 0;1 u =
,
.
Ta c:
1 2 1 2
; 10 0 , d
(
= =

, , ,
u u MN d cho nhau.
( ) ( )
1 2
2 ;1 ; 2 ; B 1 2 ; 3; A a a a d b b d + e e
AB l on vung gc chung ca
1
1 2
2
1
. 0
, d 3
. 0
0
= =

=

,,
,,
ABu a
d
ABu
b
.
Do : ( )
5 4 2
; ; , B 2;3; 0
3 3 3
A
| |
|
\ .

Mt cu (S) c tm
11 13 1
; ;
6 6 3
| |
|
\ .
I , bn knh
30
2 6
= =
AB
R
Vy phng trnh ca mt cu (S) l :
2 2 2
11 13 1 5
6 6 3 6
| | | | | |
+ + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
x y z .
Cu VII a
Ta c:
( )
( )
2
2
2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1
2 2
1 2 1 2
2 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 2 1
z z z z z z z z
z z z z
z z z z
z z z z
= =

+ =

=
=

( ) -
V
1 2
, z 0 z = nn
1 2
, 0 z z = .
T ( ) - ta c:
2 2
3 3
2 1
2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2
1 2
z z
z z z z z z
z z
= = = =
Do :
2 1 1 2
z z z z = =
M
1 2 2 1
; ON = ; MN = OM z z z z = .
Vy tam gic OMN u.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
+ 0
t
( ) f m '
( ) f m
8
7
11
5
0
+
49
2
49
2
37
0
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41
1. Ta c :
1 2
I d d = to im I l nghim ca h :
9
3 0
2
6 0 3
2
x
x y
x y
y

+ =
.
Do
9 3
;
2 2
I
| |
|
\ .
.
( )
1
3; 0 M d Ox M = .
Ta c : 2I 3 2 AB M = =
Gi thit
12
12 . 12 2 2
3 2
ABCD
S AB AD AD = = = =
V
1
, M d I e nn
1
d AD .
ng thng AD qua ( ) 3; 0 M v nhn ( )
1
1; 1
AD d
u n = =
, ,
lm vect ch phng nn c
phng trnh:
3 0
3 0
1 1
x y
x y

= + =
.
To A, D c dng: ( ) ; 3 t t .
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2 2 3 3 2 MA MD MA MD t t = = = = + =
2
2
6 8 0
4
t
t t
t
=
+ =

=
.
Do : ( ) ( ) 2;1 , D 4; 1 A hoc ( ) ( ) 4; 1 , D 2;1 A .
+ Vi ( ) ( ) 2;1 , D 4; 1 A suy ra ( ) 7; 2 C , ( ) 5; 4 B
+ Vi ( ) ( ) 4; 1 , D 2;1 A suy ra ( ) 5; 4 C , ( ) 7; 2 B
2. + Mt cu ( ) S c tm ( ) 1; 2; 4 I v bn knh 5 R = .
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2.1 2 2.4 3
; 3 5
2 1 2
d I R
+
= = < =
+ +
.
Vy mt phng ( ) ct mt cu ( ) S .
+ Gi J l im i xng ca I qua mt phng ( ) th ( ) V l mt cu c tm J, bn knh
5 R = .
Gi d l ng thng i qua I v vung gc vi ( ) . Khi d nhn ( ) 2; 1; 2 n
=
,
lm
vect ch phng nn c phng trnh tham s:

1 2
2
4 2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

Gi H l trung im IJ. Khi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca I ln mt phng ( ) . To
im H ng vi tham s t l nghim ca phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( ) 2 1 2 2 2 4 2 3 0 1 t t t t + + + = = .
I
M
A
D
C
B
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42
Suy ra ( ) 1; 1; 2 H . V H l trung im IJ nn d dng suy ra c ( ) J 3; 0; 0 .
Vy phng trnh mt cu (V) l: ( )
2
2 2
3 25. x y z + + + =
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
iu kin:
1
10.
3
x s s
( ) 2 2
3 1 6 3 1 6
log log 7 10 7 10
2 2
x x
x x
+ + + +
> >
3 1 2 10 8 x x + + > ( )( ) ( ) 3 1 4 3 1 10 4 10 64 x x x x + + + + >
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )
2
4 3 1 10 23 16 3 1 10 23 x x x x x x + > + + > +
2
369
49 418 369 0 1
49
x x x + s s s
Kt hp vi iu kin ban u ta thu c tp hp nghim ca bt phng trnh trn l:
369
1;
49
S
(
=
(

.

7

Cu I (2,0 im) . Cho hm s: ( )
3 2

1
x
y C
x
=
+

2. Gi I l giao im hai tim cn. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn d ca th hm s bit d
ct tim cn ng v tim cn ngang ln lt ti A v B tho
5 26
cos
26
BAI = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh: )
2
sin( 2
cos sin
2 sin
cot
2
1
+ =
+
+ x
x x
x
x
2. Gii bt phng trnh sau:
2 2 2
3 2 4 3 2 5 4 x x x x x x + + + > +
Cu III (1,0 im) Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi ba ng sau:
Elip (E):
2
2
1
4
x
y + = , ng thng d: 2 3 4 0 x y = v trc honh.
Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh chp SABCD c y ABCD l hnh thang vung ti A v D,
2 , CD = a = = AB AD a , gc gia hai mt phng (SBC) l (ABCD) bng
0
60 . Gi I l
trung im ca cnh AD. Bit hai mt phng (SBI) v (SCI) cng vung gc vi mt phng
(ABCD). Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABCD.
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43
Cu V (1,0 im). Tm m phng trnh:
2
2cos 2 mx x + = c ng 2 nghim thc phn
bit trong on 0;
2
(
(

.
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ABC . c trng tm ( ) 2; 0 . G Bit phng
trnh cc cnh AB,AC theo th t l 4 14 0 x y + + = , 2 5 2 0. x y + = Tm ta cc nh
A,B,C .
2. Trong khng gian Oxy cho cc im ( ) ( ) 3; 5; 5 , B 5; 3; 7 A v mt phng
( ) : 0 P x y z + + = . Tm im ( ) M P e sao cho
( )
2 2
MA MB + nh nht .
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Trong khai trin sau y c bao nhiu s hng hu t
( )
4
3 5 +
n
bit n tha mn
1 2 3 2 496
4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1
... 2 1
+ + + +
+ + + + =
n
n n n n
C C C C .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Cho parabol
2
. y x = Mt gc vung nh O ct Parabol ti
1
A v
2
A . Hnh chiu ca
1 2
, A A ln Ox l
1 2
, B B . Chng minh rng:
1 2
. OB OB const = .
2. Cho mt cu: ( )
2 2 2
: 2 2 2 0 S x y z x z + + + = v cc im ( ) 0;1;1 , A ( ) B 1; 2; 3
( ) C 1; 0; 3 . Tm im D thuc mt cu (S) sao cho th tch t din ABCD ln nht.
Cu VII b (1,0 im) Tm s nguyn dng n b nht
3
1
| |
+
|
|
\ .
n
i
i
l s thc
BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Gi ( ) ( )
0
0 0
0
3 2
; 1
1
x
M x C x
x
| |
e =
|
+
\ .

Tip tuyn d vi (C) ti M c phng trnh:
( )
( )
0
0 2
0
0
3 2 5
1
1
x
y x x
x
x
=
+
+
.
Do d ct tim cn ng, tim cn ngang ln lt ti A, B v IAB . c
5 26
cos
26
BAI = nn
tan 5 BAI = .
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44
Li c
tan BAI l h s gc ca tip tuyn d m ( )

( )
0 2
0
5
0
1
y x
x
' = >
+
nn
( )
( )
2
0
0 2
0
0
0
5
5 1 1
2
1
x
x
x
x
=
= + =

=
+

.
Vy c hai tip tuyn tho mn yu cu bi ton: 5 2 ; 5 2 y x y x = = + .
Cu II
1. iu kin: . 0 cos sin , 0 sin = + = x x x
Ta c:
1 sin 2
cot 2sin( )
sin cos 2 2
x
x x
x x
+ = +
+
0 cos 2
cos sin
cos sin 2
sin 2
cos
=
+
+ x
x x
x x
x
x

2
cos 2cos
0
sin cos 2 sin
x x
x x x
=
+

cos 0
cos sin( ) sin 2 0
sin sin 2 4
4
x
x x x
x x
=
| |

+ =
| | |

+ =
\ .
|
\ .

( )
2
2
2
2 4
2
4 3
4 3
x k
x k
x k k
k
x
k
x
= +

= +
= + e

= +
= +
Z ( tho iu kin ban u)

Vy phng trnh cho c hai h nghim: ( )
2

2
4 3
x k
k
k
x
= +
= +
Z

2. iu kin:
2
2
2
3 2 0
1 2
4 3 0 1 3 1 4
1 4
5 4 0
x x
x x
x x x x x x
x x
x x
+ >
s v >

+ > s v > s v >

s v >
+ >

.
2 2 2
3 2 4 3 2 5 4 x x x x x x + + + > +
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
3 2 5 4 4 3 5 4 0 x x x x x x x x + + + + + >
( )
2 2 2 2
2 1
1
0
3 2 5 4 4 3 5 4
x
x
x x x x x x x x

+ >
+ + + + + +

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45
( )
2 2 2 2
2 1
1 0
3 2 5 4 4 3 5 4
x
x
x x x x x x x x
| |
+ >
|
+ + + + + +
\ .
1 0 1 x x > > .
Kt hp vi iu kin ban u, ta c: 1 4 x x = v > .

Cu III
+ Giao im ca d v (E) l
3
A 1;
2
| |
|
|
\ .

+ d ct trc honh ti ( ) B 4; 0 .
Gi A l chn ng vung gc h t A
xung Ox. Khi din tch hnh phng cn tm
l phn gch xin nh hnh v.
Ta c:
AKB AKC
S S S = .
AKB
1 1 3 3 3
S AK.KB .3
2 2 2 4
= = =

Nhng im thuc hnh phng c tung y 0 > nn t phng trnh (E) suy ra:
2
1
y 4 x
2
= .
Do :
2
2
AKC
1
1
S 4 x dx
2
=
}

t 2sin 2cos x t dx tdt = =
Khi :
( )
2 2 2
2
2 2
6
6 6 6
1 1 3
4 4sin .2cos 2 cos 1 cos 2 sin 2
2 2 3 4
AKC
S t tdt tdt t dt t t

| |
= = = + = + =
|
\ .
} } }

Vy
3 3 3
S 3
4 3 4 3

| |
= =
|
|
\ .
(
vdt).
Cu IV
Ta c:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
SBI ABCD
SCI ABCD SI ABCD
SI SBI SCI

.
Gi I l hnh chiu ca I ln BC.
Theo nh l 3 ng vung gc
suy SH BC .
M ( ) ( ) BC SBC ABCD = nn
0
60 SHI =
y
A
K C
B O x
I
A
D
C
B
S
E
H
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46
l gc gia hai mt phng
( ) SBC v (ABCD).
Ta c : ( ) ( )
2
1 1
2 2 3 .
2 2
ABCD
S AD AB CD a a a a = + = + =
2
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 3
3 . . 3
2 2 2 2
IBC ABCD ICD IAB
a
S S S S a IDCD IA AB a a a = = = =
. . .
.
K CE AB , ta c:
2
2
2 2 2 2
3
2.
2 3 3 5
2
5
4
IBC
a
S a a
IH
BC
CE BE a a
= = = =
+ +
.

Trong tam gic SIH vung ti I, ta c:
0
3 5 3 15
tan 60 . 3
5 5
a a
SI IH = = = .
Do :
3
2
1 1 3 15 3 15
. . .3
3 3 5 5
ABCD
a a
V SI S a = = = ( vtt).
Cu V
+ R rng: 0 = x l mt nghim ca PT.
+ Vi 0;
2
| (
e
(
\
x ta c:
2
2
4sin
2
=
x
m
x
. t
2
x
t = , 0; 0;
2 4
x t
| ( | (
e e

( (
\ \

Ta c phng trnh sau:
2
sin
, t 0;
4
| | | (
= e
|
(
\ . \
t
m
t
.
Xt hm s: ( )
2
sin
, t 0;
4
| | | (
= e
|
(
\ . \
t
f t
t
.
( ) ( )
3
sin 2
1 tan 0 t 0;
4
| (
' = < e
(
\
t
f t t
t
suy ra f(t) nghch bin trn 0;
4
| (
(
\
.
( )
0
lim 1
t
f t
+
= .
Phng trnh trn c 2 nghim thc phn bit tong on 0;
2
(

(

PT ( ) = f t m c ng 1
nghim thc trong 0;
4
| (
(
\
.
Bng bin thin :

Da vo bng bin thin ta tm c :
2
8
1 m
s < .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
0
t
( ) f t '
( ) f t
4
1
2
8
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47
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Ta c : A AB AC = Ta im A l nghim ca h
4 14 0 4
2 5 2 0 2
x y x
x y y
+ + = =

+ = =

hay ( ) A 4; 2
( ) ; 4 14 B AB B b b e ;
2 1
;
5 5
C AC C c c
| |
e
|
\ .

V G l trng tm ABC . nn
( )
( )
4 6
3 3; 2
2 1
2 4 14 0 1 1; 0
5 5
b c
b B
b c c C
+ + =
=

+ = =

Vy ( ) A 4; 2 , ( ) 3; 2 B , ( ) 1; 0 C .
2. Gi H l trung im ca on thng AB. Theo cng thc di trung tuyn MH ca tam
gic MAB ta c:
2
2 2 2
2
2
AB
MA MB MH + = + .
2 2
MA MB + nh nht MH nh nht.
Ta c: ( ) 1;1;1 H c nh. Suy ra MH nh nht M l chn ca ng vung gc h t H
n (P).
rng ( ) 1;1;1 OH =
,
l vect php tuyn ca mp (P) v ( ) O P e nn ( ) M O 0; 0; 0 .
Vy
2 2
MA MB + nh nht khi v ch khi M trng vi gc ta v
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
142 Min MA MB Min OA OB + = + = .
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Ta c: ( )
4n 1
0 1 2 2 3 3 4n 1 4n 1
4n 1 4n 1 4n 1 4n 1 4n 1
1 x C C x C x C x ... C x
+
+ +
+ + + + +
+ = + + + + +
Chn x 1 =
4n 1 0 1 2 3 4n 1
4n 1 4n 1 4n 1 4n 1 4n 1
2 C C C C ... C
+ +
+ + + + +
= + + + + +

( )
0 1 2 3 2n
4n 1 4n 1 4n 1 4n 1 4n 1
2 C C C C ... C
+ + + + +
= + + + + +
Suy ra
4n
2 =
0 1 2 3 2n
4n 1 4n 1 4n 1 4n 1 4n 1
C C C C ... C
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
Hay
4n 496
2 2 4n 496 n 124. = = =
( ) ( ) ( )
124 k k
124 124
124 124 k k
k k 4 4 2 4
124 124
k 0 k 0
3 5 C 3 5 C 3 5
= =
+ = =

.
Trong khai trin c s hng hu t
124 k 2
k 4
0 k 124

s s
.
.
k 4 k 4t
0 t 31
0 k 124 0 4t 124
=
s s

s s s s

.

C 32 gi tr ca t suy ra c 32 gi tr ca k. Vy trong khai trin trn c 32 s hng hu t.

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48
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Gi s
( ) ( )
2
1 0 0
; A x x P e .Khi :
1
B l hnh chiu ca
1
A ln Ox nn c ta
l ( )
1 0 1 0
; 0 B x OB x = .
Phng trnh ng thng
1 0
: OA y xx = .
Do
2 1
OA OA nn phng trnh ng thng
2
0
1
: OA y x
x
= .
Ta
2
A l nghim ca h phng trnh:
2
2 2
0 0
0
1 1
;
1
y x
A
y x x x
x
=
| |

|
=
\ .
.
2
B l hnh chiu
ca
2
A ln Ox nn c ta l
2 2
0 0
1 1
;0 B OB
x x
| |
=
|
\ .
. V th
1 2
. 1 OA OB = .
2. ( ) S c tm ( ) 1; 0; 1 I , bn knh 2 R = .
( ) ( ) 1; 3; 4 , 1; 1; 4 AB AB = =
, ,
.
Gi ( ) l mt phng cha 3 im A, B, C nhn ( ) , 8; 8; 4 n AB AC
(
= =

, , ,
lm vect php
tuyn nn c phng trnh: ( ) ( ) ( ) 8 1 8 2 4 3 0 2 2 1 0 x y x x y z + + + + = + + = .
( )
( )
2
2 2
2 0 1 1 2
, 2
3
2 2 1
d I R
+
= = < =
+ +
( ) ( ) S = C.
Ta c:
1
.
3
ABCD D ABC
V h S =
.
nn
ABCD
V ln nht
D
h ln nht.
Gi
1 2
D D l ng knh ca ( ) S vung gc vi mt phng ( ) .
V D l im bt k thuc ( ) S nn ( ) ( ) ( ) { }
1 2
, max , , , d D d D d D s .
Du bng xy ra khi v ch khi D trng vi mt trong hai im
1
D hoc
2
D .
2
A
1
A
-
-
1
B
2
B
-
O
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49
1 2
D D qua I nhn vect php tuyn ca ( ) lm vect ch phng nn c phng trnh
tham s:
1 2
1 2
: 2 t
1
x t
D D y t
z t
= +
= e
= +
R .
Gi ( )
0 0 0 1 2
1 2 ; 2 ; 1 D d d d D D + + e l im cn tm. Khi D l nghim ca phng
trnh: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
0 0 0 0 0 0
2
1 2 4 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 0
3
d d d d d d + + + + + + + = = .
Ta c: ( )
0
9 2
,
3
d
d D
+
= . V
2
2
9. 2
9. 2
3
3
3 3
| |
+
+ |
\ .
> nn D phi ng vi
0
2
3
d = .
Vy
7 4 1
; ;
3 3 3
D
| |

|
\ .
l im cn tm.
Cu VIIb (1,0 im)
Ta c: 3 2 os sin ; 1 = 2 os i sin .
6 6 4 4
| |
| | | | | |
+ = + +
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
i c i i c
3 5 5
2 os i sin .
1 12 12
+ | |
= +
|
\ .
i
c
i

Do :
2
3 1 5 5
2 os i sin .
1 12 12

| |
+ | |
= +
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
n
n
n n
c
i

S l thc khi v ch khi ( )
5 5 5
sin 0 .
12 12 12

= = = eZ
n n n
k k k
S nguyn dng b nht cn tm l: 12 = n .

8

3 2
1 8
3
3 3
y x x x = + (C).
2. Lp phng trnh ng thng d song song vi trc honh v ct th (C) ti hai im
phn bit A, B sao cho tam gic OAB cn ti O ( O l gc to ).
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
( )
2
1
1 4sin sin3
2
x x = .
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50
2. Gii phng trnh :
4 2 2
1 1 2 x x x x + + + = .
Cu III (1,0 im). Tnh tch phn:
3
0
1 sin cos
dx
I
x x
=
+ +
}

Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho lng tr tam gic . ABC A B C ' ' ' c y ABC l tam gic u cnh a
v nh A' cch u cc nh A, B, C. Cnh AA' to vi y gc
0
60 . Tnh th tch khi
lng tr.
Cu V (1,0 im). Cho cc s thc x, y, z tha:
2 2
2 2
3
16
x xy y
y yz z
+ + =
+ + =
.
Chng minh rng: 8 xy yz zx + + s .

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1.Trong mt phng Oxy, cho im ( ) 7; 8 P v hai ng thng:
1
: 2 5 3 0, d x y + + =
2
d : 5 2 7 0 x y = ct nhau ti A. Vit phng trnh ng thng d i qua P v to vi
1 2
, d d thnh tam gic cn ti A v c din tch bng
29
2
.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) 4; 5; 6 . H Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) qua H,
ct cc trc to Ox, Oy, Oz ln lt ti A, B, C sao cho H l trc tm ca tam gic ABC.
Cu VII a (1,0 im) . Tnh
n
i vi neZ.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho Parabol ( )
2
: 64 P y x = v ng thng : 4 3 46 0 x y A + + = .
Tm A thuc (P) sao cho khong cch t A n A nh nht. Tnh khong cch nh nht .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho mt phng (P) ct Ox, Oy, Oz ln lt ti
( ) ( ) ( ) A a; 0; 0 , B 0; b; 0 , C 0; 0; c
Gi , , ln lt l cc gc ca cc mt phng (OAB), (OBC) , (OCA) vi mt phng
(ABC). Chng minh rng:
2 2 2
os os os 1. c c c + + =
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
= + +
= + + + +
+
+
1 ) 4 ( log ) 5 ( log
6 ) 1 2 ( log ) 2 2 ( log 2
2 1
2
2 1
x y
x x y x xy
y x
y x

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. V d song song vi trc honh nn phng trnh ca d l: ( ) 0 y m m = = .
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v d:
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51
( )
3 2 3 2
1 8
3 3 9 8 3 0 1
3 3
x x x m x x x m + = + =
d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho tam gic OAB cn th phng trnh (1)
phi c cc nghim:
1 1 2
, , x x x ( vi
1 1
, x x l honh ca , B A ).
Khi
1 2
, x x l nghim ca phng trnh:

( )( )
2 2 3 2 2 2
1 2 2 1 1 2
0 0 x x x x x x x x x x x = + = (2)
ng nht (1) v (2) ta c:
2
2
1
2
1 2
3
9 9.3 8 3
8 3
x
x m
x x m
=
= =
hay
19
3
m = .
Vy
19
:
3
d y = .
Cu II
1. Nhn xt: cos 0 x = khng phi l nghim ca phng trnh . Do , nhn c hai v ca
phng trnh cho cos 0 x = ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
1 1
cos 4cos sin sin3 cos cos 4cos 1 cos sin3 cos
2 2
x x x x x x x x x x
(
= =

( )
3
2sin3 4cos 3cos cos 2sin3 cos3 cos sin6 cos x x x x x x x x x = = =
( )
2
14 7
sin6 sin
2 2
10 5
x k
x x k
x k

= +
| |
= e
|
\ .

= +
Z .
15. iu kin:
2
2
1 0
1
1
x
x
x x
>
>
>
.
Khi :
4 2 2 2
1 1 1 x x x x x x + + > + > + ( do 1 x > ).
Suy ra:
4 4 4 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 x x x x x x x x + + + > + +
4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2
1 1 2 1. 1 2 x x x x x x x x + + > + =
Do :
4 2 2
1 1 1 x x x x + + + > . Vy phng trnh cho v nghim.
Cu III
t
2
2
tan
2 1
x dt
t dx
t
= =
+

1
0 0 ; x =
3 3
x t t
= = =
( )
1 1
3 3 1
3
2 0
2 0 0
2 2
2 1
ln 1 ln 1
1 2 1 3
1 1
1 1
dt dt
I t
t t t
t
t t
| |
= = = + = +
|
+ | |
\ .
+ + +
|
+ +
\ .
} }
.
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52

Cu IV
Gi H l hnh chiu ca A' ln mp (ABC)
v M l trung im ca BC.
Do ABC l tam gic u v
A A A B A C ' ' ' = = nn H l trng tm tam
gic ABC.
Ta c:
2 2 3 3
3 3 2 3
a a
AH AM = = = .
Mt khc AH l hnh chiu ca AA' ln
mt phng (ABC) nn
0
60 A AH ' = l gc
hp bi cnh bn AA' v ( ) ABC .
Trong tam gic A HA ' vung ti H, ta c :
0
3
tan 60 . 3
3
a
A H AH a ' = = = .
2
3
4
ABC
a
S =
.
.
Vy
2
3
.
3 3
. .
4 4
ABC A B C ABC
a
V A H S a a
' ' '
' = = =
.
.
Cu V
p dng bt ng thc Bunhiacopski, ta c:
( )
2
2 3 3 3
4 2 2 2 2
x z
xy yz zx y z x y
(
| | | |
+ + = + + +
(
| |
\ . \ .

( )( )
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3
48
2 4 4 2
x z
y x z y x xy y y yz z
( (
| | | |
s + + + + = + + + + =
( (
| |
\ . \ .
( (

( )
2
64 8 xy yz zx xy yz zx + + s + + s ( pcm).

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Ta c:
1 2
A d d = to im A l nghim
ca h :
2 5 3 0 1
5 2 7 0 1
x y x
x y y
+ + = =

= =

hay ( ) 1; 1 A .
Phng trnh cc ng phn ca gc to bi
1 2
, d d l:
1 2
: 7 3 4 0 , : 3 7 10 0 x y x y A + = A =
V d to vi
1 2
, d d mt tam gic vung cn nn
M
A
B
C
A'
C'
B'
H
d2
d
C
B
A
d1
H
P
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53
1 1
2 2
3 7 0
7 3 0
d x y C
d x y C
A + =

A + + =

Mt khc ( ) 7;8 P d e nn
1 2
77, C 25 C = = .
Suy ra:
: 3 7 77 0
: 7 3 25 0
d x y
d x y
+ =
+ + =

Gi
1 2
, C B d d d d = =
V tam gic ABC vung cn ti A nn
2
1 1 29
29
2 2 2
ABC
S ABAC AB AB = = = =
.
.
v 2 58 BC AB = =
Suy ra:
29
2.
2 58
2
2 58
ABC
S
AH
BC
= = =
.
.
Vi : 3 7 77 0 d x y + = , ta c: ( )
( )
( )
2
2
3.1 7. 1 77
87 58
;
2 58
3 7
d A d AH
+
= = = =
+
( loi).
Vi : 7 3 25 0 d x y + + = , ta c : ( )
( )
2 2
7.1 3. 1 25
29 58
;
2 58
7 3
d A d AH
+ +
= = = =
+
( tho).
Vy : 7 3 25 0 d x y + + = .
2. Gi s : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; 0; 0 , 0; ; 0 , 0; 0; P Ox A a P Oy B b P Oz C c = = =
Khi (P) c phng trnh : 1
x y z
a b c
+ + = .
Ta c : ( ) ( )
4 5 6
4;5;6 1 H P
a b c
e + + =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 ;5; 6 , 4;5 ; 6 , 0; ; , ; 0; AH a BH b BC b c AC a c = = = =
, , , ,

V H l trc tm tam gic ABC nn
. 0 5 6 0
4 6 0
. 0
AH BC b c
b c
BH AC
= + =

+ =
=
, ,
,,
Gii h phng trnh :
77
4 5 6
1
4
77
5 6 0
5
4 6 0
77
6
a
a b c
b c b
b c
c
=

+ + =

+ = =

+ =

=

.
Vy phng trnh mt phng (P) l : 1
77 77 77
4 5 6
x y z
+ + = .

Cu VIIa
+ Nu ( ) 4 n k k = eZ th
( )
4 4
1
k
n k
i i i = = =
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54
+ Nu ( ) 4 1 n k k = + eZ th
4
1.
n k
i i i i i = = =
+ Nu ( ) 4 2 n k k = + eZ th ( )
4 2
1. 1 1
n k
i i i = = =
+ Nu ( ) 4 3 n k k = + eZ th ( )
4 3
1
n k
i i i i i = = = .
Cu VI b
1. Ta c: ( )
2
2
: 64 ;
64
a
A P y x A a
| |
e =
|
\ .

( ) ( )
2
2
2
2 2
4. 3 46
64 1 1
, 48 736 24 160
80 80
4 3
a
a
d A a a a
+ +
A = = + + = + +
+

( )
2 1 160
24 160 2
80 80
a
(
= + + > =

.
Du bng xy ra khi ch khi 24 0 24 a a + = = .
Lc ( ) Mind A, 2 A = khi ( ) 9; 24 A .
2.
( ) ( ) : 1 0
x y z
P ABC
a b c
+ + = c phng vect php tuyn
1 1 1
, , n
a b c
| |
=
|
\ .
,

( ) mp OAB c vect php tuyn ( )
1
0, 0, n OC c = =
, ,

( ) mp OBC c vect php tuyn ( )
2
, 0, 0 n OA a = =
, ,

( ) mp OAC c vect php tuyn
3
(0, , 0) n OB b = =
, ,

Gi , , ln lt l gc gia cc mt phng ( ) ( ) ( ) , , OAB OBC OCA vi ( ) mp ABC .
Do :

2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
1
0 0
os
1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0
c
a b c
c
c
c
a b c a b c
+ +
= =
+ + + + + +
(1)

2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
1
0 0
os
1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0
a
a b c
a
c
a
a b c a b c
+ +
= =
+ + + + + +
(2)

2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
1
0 0
os
1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0
b
a b c
b
c
b
a b c a b c
+ +
= =
+ + + + + +
(3)
T (1), (2) v (3) suy ra:
2 2 2
os os os 1. c c c + + =

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55
Cu VIIb
iu kin:
= >
= < <
1 ; 2
0 , 1 4
y y
x x

( )( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
1 2
1 2
2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
2log ( 2 2) log ( 2 1) 6
log ( 5) log ( 4) 1
2 2log 2 2log 1 6
2log 1 2 log 1 6
log 5 log 4 1
log 5 log 4 1
x y
x y
x y
x y
x y
x y
xy x y x x
y x
y x
x y x
y x
y x
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ + + + =
+ + =
+ + + =
+ + =

+ + =
+ + =

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
1 2 1 1
1 2 1 2
log 2 log 1 2 log 2 2log 2 1 0
log 5 log 4 1 log 5 log 4 1
x y x x
x y x y
y x y y
y x y x
+
+ +
+ + = + + + =

+ + = + + =

( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
1 1
1 2
log 2 1 1
log 4 log 4 1 log 5 log 4 1
x
x x
x y
y y x
x x y x

+
+ = =

+ = + + =

2 2
1
1 1
1 1 2
4 4
1 log 1 1 4 3 4 2 0
4 4
x
y x y x
y x y x x
x x
y x x x x x x
x x
= =
= = =

= = = = + + =

+ +
.
Vy
2
1
x
y
=

9

Cu I (2,0 im) . Cho hm s: ( )
3 2
2 3 4 y x mx m x = + + + c th ( )
m
C
16. Kho st s bin thin v v th ( ) C ca hm s khi 1 m = .
2. Cho ng thng : 4 d y x = + v im ( ) 1; 3 E . Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m sao
cho d ct ( )
m
C ti ba im phn bit ( ) 0; 4 , , A B C sao cho tam gic EBC c din tch bng
4 .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
3 3
2 3 2
cos3 cos sin3 sin
8
x x x x
+
= .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )( )
( )
2
2
1 4
,
1 2
x y y x y
x y
x y x y
+ + + =
+ + =
R .
Cu III (1,0 im) Tnh tch phn:
( )
( ) ( )
4
2
ln 9
ln 9 ln 3
x
I dx
x x
=
+ +
}

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56
Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho lng tr ng t gic u . ABCD A B C D ' ' ' ' c chiu cao bng h.
Gc gia hai ng cho ca hai mt bn k nhau k t mt nh bng
( )
0 0
0 90 < < .
Tnh th tch khi lng tr cho.
Cu V (1,0 im). Gii phng trnh:

2 2
2 2 2
3 2 2 2 3 10
3 3 3 4 4 3
x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + =
+ + + + + + + + + + + +

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c din tch bng 4. Bit to cc
nh ( ) ( ) 2; 0 , B 3; 0 A v I l giao im ca hai ng cho AC v BD, I nm trn ng
thng y x = . Xc nh to cc im C, D.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai ng thng:
1
:
1 1 2
x y z
d = = v
2
1 1
:
2 1 1
x y z
d
+
= =
.
Chng minh
1 2
, d d cho nhau. Tm
1 2
, A d B d e e sao cho ng thng AB song song vi
mt phng ( ) : 0 P x y z + = v di 2 AB = .
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Trn cc cnh AB, BC, CD, DA ca hnh vung ABCD ln lt cho 1, 2, 3 v n im phn
bit khc A, B, C, D. Tm n s tam gic c 3 nh ly t 6 n + im cho l 439.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, lp phng trnh ng trn ( ) C qua ( ) M 2; 4 v tip xc vi
hai trc ta .
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz, cho ba im ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 0; 1 , 2; 3; 1 , 1; 3;1 A B C v
ng thng
1 3
:
1 1 2
x y z
d

= =
. Tm ta im D thuc ng thng d sao cho th tch

khi t din ABCD bng 1. Vit phng trnh tham s ca ng thng A qua trc tm H
ca tam gic ABC v vung gc vi mt phng (ABC).
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii phng trnh:
2
0 z z + = .

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Phng trnh honh giao im ca ( )
m
C v d:
( ) ( )
( )
3 2 3 2
2
0
2 3 4 4 2 2 0
2 2 0 *
x
x mx m x x x mx m x
x mx m
=
+ + + + = + + + + =

+ + + =

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57
d ct ( )
m
C ti ba im phn bit ( ) 0; 4 , B,C A Phng trnh (*) c hai nghim phn
bit khc 0
2
1 2
2 0
2
2 0
m m
m m
m
m
s v > ' A = >

=
+ =
.
Gi
1 2
, x x theo th t l honh ca cc im , B C . Do
1 2
, x x l hai nghim phn bit
ca phng trnh (*). Theo nh l Viet, ta c:
1 2
1 2
2
2
x x m
x x m
+ =
= +
.
( )
2
1 1
4 , . 4 2. 4 4 2 32
2 2
EBC
S d E d BC BC BC BC = = = = =
.

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 1 2 1 2 2
4 4 32 2 32 x x x x x x + + + = =
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 1 1 2 1 2
16 4 16 4 4 2 16 x x x x x x m m = + = + =
2
2
6 0
3
m
m m
m
=
=

=
. So vi iu kin ta u ta tm c 3 m =
Vy 3 m = l gi tr cn tm tho mn yu cu bi ton.
Cu II
1. Ta c:
3 3
2 3 2
cos3 cos sin3 sin
8
x x x x
+
=

cos3 3cos 3sin sin3 2 3 2
cos3 . sin3 .
4 4 8
x x x x
x x
+ +
=

2 2
2cos 3 6cos3 cos 6sin3 sin 2sin 3 2 3 2 x x x x x x + + = +

( ) ( )
2 2
2 cos 3 sin 3 6 cos3 cos sin3 sin 2 3 2 x x x x x x + + = +
( )
2
16 2
cos 4
2
16 2
x k
x k
x k

= +
= e
= +
Z .
2. + Vi 0 y = ta c:
( )( )
2
2
1 0
1 2 0
x
x x
+ =
+ =
( H v nghim).
+ Vi 0 y = , ta c :
( )
( )( )
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
1
2 2
1 4

1 2 1
2 1
x
y x
x y y x y
y
x y x y x
y x
y
+
+ + =
+ + + =

+ + = +

+ =

Suy ra:
2
1
, 2
x
y x
y
+
+ l nghim ca phng trnh:
2
2 1 0 1 t t t + = = .
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58
Do :
2
2 2
1
1
1
2 1 1 2 0
2
3 3 2
2 1 3
5
x
x
x
y
y x x x
x y
y x y x x
y x y x
y
=
= +
= = = + + =

=

= = =

+ = =

=

.
Vy tp hp nghim ca h phng trnh l: ( ) ( ) { }
1; 2 , 2;5 S = .
Cu III
t 6 x t dx dt = =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 4
4 2
ln 3 ln 3
ln 3 ln 9 ln 3 ln 9
t dt t
I dt
t t t t
+ +
= =
+ + + +
} }
( )
( ) ( )
4
2
ln 3
ln 3 ln 9
x
dx
x x
+
=
+ +
}

4
4
2
2
2 2 1 I I I dx x I = + = = = =
}
.
Cu IV
Gi s
B AD ' = v x l cnh y ca hnh lng tr.

p dng nh l Csin trong A BD ' . ta c:
2 2 2
2 . cos BD A B A D A B A D ' ' ' ' = +
2 2 2
2 2 cos BD A B A B ' ' =
( )( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 1 cos 2 2 .2sin
2
x x h x x h

= + = +
( )
2 2
2 0 0
2 sin
2
0 90
cos
h
x
= < < .
Th tch khi lng tr cho l:
3 2
2
2 sin
2
cos
ABCD
h
V AA S x h
' = = = .
Cu V
t
2
2, 1, 1, 1, 1 a b x c x d x x e x = = + = + = + = + .
Phng trnh cho tr thnh:
10
3
a b b c c d d e e a
c d e d e a e a b a b c b c d
+ + + + +
+ + + + =
+ + + + + + + + + +

10
1 1 1 1 1 5
3
a b b c c d d e e a
+ + + + + | | | | | | | | | |
+ + + + + + + + + = +
| | | | |
+ + + + + + + + + +
\ . \ . \ . \ . \ .
( )
1 1 1 1 1 25
3
a b c d e
| |
+ + + + + + + + =
|
+ + + + + + + + + +
\ .

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 1 1 1
25 *
| |
+ + + +
|
+ + + + + + + + + +
\ .
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + = (

p dng bt ng thc Cauchy cho v tri ca (*) th ta c ( ) * 25 VT > .
h
A'
B'
D'
C'
B
C
A
D
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Du = xy ra khi v ch khi 1 a b c d e x = = = = = .
Vy x = 1 l nghim duy nht ca phng trnh cho.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Ta c:
1
1
4
IAB ABCD
S S = =
.
.
Mt khc
( )
2
2
1 1 1
. . 3 2 0 1 2
2 2 2
IAB
S IH AB IH IH IH
A
= = + = = =
( ) : ; I d y x I a a e = , ta c phng trnh ng thng AB l : 0 y = .
Ta c : ( )
2
2 , 2 2
2
a
IH d I AB a
a
=
= = =

=
.
+ Nu 2 a = th suy ra : ( ) ( ) ( ) 2; 2 , C 2; 4 , 2; 4 I D
+ Nu 2 a = th suy ra : ( ) ( ) ( ) 2; 2 , C 5; 4 , 6; 4 I D .
2.
1
d qua ( ) 0; 0; 0 O nhn ( )
1
1;1; 2 u =
,
lm vect ch phng

2
d qua ( ) 1; 0;1 I nhn ( )
2
2;1;1 u =
,
lm vect ch phng.
Ta tnh c
1 2
, 4 0 u u OI
(
= =

, , ,
. Suy ra
1 2
, d d cho nhau.
( ) ( )
1 2
; ; 2 ; B d 1 2 ; ;1 A d A a a a B b b b e e +
( ) / / . 0
P
AB P AB n b a = =
, ,
.
Do ( ) 1 2 ; ;1 B a a a + v ( ) 1 ; 2 ;1 3 AB a a a = +
,
.
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2 2 1 4 1 3 2 AB AB a a a = = + + =
2
0
7 4 0
4
7
a
a a
a
=
=

=
.
+ Vi 0 a = ta c A O ( loi)
+ Vi
4
7
a = ta c
4 4 8 1 4 3
; ; , B ; ;
7 7 7 7 7 7
A
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu VIIa
Nu 2 n s th 6 8 n + s v s tam gic c 3 nh c to thnh t 6 n + im khng
vt qu
3
8
56 439 C = < . Vy 3 n > .
Mi tam gic c to thnh ng vi mt t hp chp 3 t 6 n + phn t. Nhng trn
cnh CD c 3 im, trn cnh DA c n im nn s tam gic c to thnh ch l
( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
3 3 3
6 3
6 5 4 1 2
1
6 6
n n
n n n n n n
C C C
+
+ + +
= .
Theo gi thit ta c:
( )( )( ) ( )( ) 6 5 4 1 2
439 1 440
6
n n n n n n + + +
= + =
2
10
4 140 0
14
n
n n
n
=
+ =

=
. Chn 10 n = .
I
D
A B
C
H
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60
Vy 10 n = l gi tr cn tm.

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Gi ( ) I a; b l tm v R l bn knh ca ng trn ( ) C .
V ( ) C tip xc vi hai trc ta nn R a b = = .
( ) C qua im ( ) M 2; 4 nn ( ) C nm gc phn t th I
trn mt phng Oxy. Do a 0; b 0 > > .
Nh vy R a b = = .
Khi , phng trnh ng trn ( ) C c dng:
( ) ( )
2 2
2
x a y a a + = .
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2
2; 4 2 4 12 20 0
10
a
M C a a a a a
a
=
e + = + =

=

Kt lun: Phng trnh ng trn ( ) C l:

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2 2 4
10 10 100
x y
x y
+ =
+ =

2. Ta c:
1
.
3
ABCD ABC
V S h
A
= trong
ABC
S
A
l din tch tam gic ABC, h l khong cch t
D n mt phng ( ) ABC .
( ) 1;3; 0 AB =
,
, ( ) 0;3; 2 AC =
,
( ) , 6; 2;3 AB AC
(
=

, ,

1 7
,
2 2
ABC
S AB AC
A
(
= =

, ,

Do :
3 3 6
.
7
7
2
ABC
V
h
S
A
= = =
Mt phng ( ) ABC qua ( ) 1; 0; 1 A nhn ( ) , 6; 2;3 AB AC
(
=

, ,
lm vect php tuyn nn
c phng trnh: ( ) ( ) 6 1 2 3 1 0 6 2 3 3 0 x y z x y z + + = + =
Dng tham s ca : 1
3 2
x t
d y t
z t
=
= +

Do ( ) ;1 ; 3 2 D d D t t t e + nn
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2
6 2 1 3 3 2 3 2 4 6
,
7 7
6 2 3
t t t t
h d D ABC
+ + +
= = = =
+ +

Suy ra: 1 5 t t = v =
Vy c hai im D v D' tha mn yu cu bi ton ( ) ( ) 1; 0; 5 , D 5; 6; 7 D ' .
x
y
( ) M 2; 4
-
-
I
O
-
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61
b) ng thng A i qua trc tm H ca tam gic ABC v vung gc vi mt phng
(ABC) l giao tuyn ca mt phng qua A- vung gc vi ng thng BC vi mt phng
qua B-vung gc vi ng thng AC ( cng l giao tuyn vi mt phng qua C, vung
gc vi ng thng AB).
Mt phng qua ( ) 1; 0; 1 A nhn ( ) 1; 0; 2 BC =
,
lm vect php tuyn nn c phng trnh:
( ) ( ) 1 2 1 0 2 3 0 x z x z + + = = .
Mt phng qua ( ) 2; 3; 1 B nhn ( ) 0;3; 2 AC =
,
lm vect php tuyn nn c phng trnh:
( ) ( ) 1 2 1 0 2 3 0 x z x z + + = = .
D thy ( )
0
7;1; 2 M eA
Vect ch phng ca A l: ( )
0 2 2 1 1 0
; ; 6; 2;3
3 2 2 0 0 3
u
| |
= =
|
\ .
,

Phng trnh tham s ca A l:
7 6
1 2
2 3
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

Cu VII b (1,0 im)
t z x yi = + . Suy ra:
2 2 2
2 z x y xyi = + v
2 2
z x y = + .
( )
( )
( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
0 1
2 0 .
2 0 2
x y x y
x y x y xyi
xy
+ + =
+ + + =

=

Cc trng hp sau:
+ 0 x y = = .
+ 0 , y 0 x = = . Khi t (1) ta c:

2 2 2
0 0 1 1. y y y y y y + = + = = =
+ 0 , y = 0 x = . Khi h (1) v (2) tr thnh:
2
0
1 0
x x
x
+ =
+ =
( V nghim).

10

( )
4 2 2
2 1 1 y x m m x m = + + c th ( )
m
C
2. Tm m th ( )
m
C c khong cch gia hai im cc tiu ngn nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
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62
1. Tm cc nghim thc ca phng trnh:
( )
sin tan 2 3 sin 3 tan 2 3 3 x x x x + = tha
mn
1
3
1 log 0 x + > .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2
2
1
xy
x y
x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =
.
Cu III (1,0 im) Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng:
, 0, 0,
1 sin
x
y y x x
x
= = = =
+

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp tam gic S.ABC c y l tam gic vung B,cnh SA (ABC) . T
A k AD SB v AE SC . Bit AB = a, BC = b, SA = c.Tnh th tch ca khi chp
S.ADE?
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , , a b c l cc s dng tha mn
1 1 1
2011
a b c
+ + = . Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc:
1 1 1
2 2 2
P
a b c a b c a b c
= + +
+ + + + + +

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho bn im ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 0 , 2; 4 , 1; 4 , 3; 5 A B C D . Tm ta
im M thuc ng thng : 3 5 0 x y A = sao cho hai tam gic MAB v MCD c din
tch bng nhau.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho mt phng ( ) : 2 1 0 P x y z + = v hai ng thng
1
1 2 3
:
2 1 3
x y z
d
+
= = ,
2
1 1 2
:
2 3 2
x y z
d
+
= = . Vit phng trnh ng thng A song
song vi mt phng (P), vung gc vi ng thng
1
d v ct ng thng
2
d ti im C
c honh bng 3.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Tm phn thc ca s phc ( ) 1 ,
n
z i n = + eN. Trong n tha mn :
( ) ( )
4 5
log 3 log 6 4 n n + + = .

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho elip ( )
2 2
: 1
16 5
x y
E + = v hai im ( ) ( ) 5; 1 , 1;1 A B . Tm
mt ta im M nm trn (E) sao cho din tch tam gic MAB ln nht.
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63
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz, cho mt phng
( ) ( )
2 2 2
: 2 2 16 0, : 4 2 6 5 0 P x y z S x y z x y z + + = + + + + = . im M di ng trn (S),
im N di ng trn (P). Tnh di ngn nht ca MN. Xc nh v tr ca , M N .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh sau:
( ) ( )
2
2 2
2 2 2 0
2log 2 3log 1 4
y xy y x
x y y
+ + =
+ + =
.

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c:
( )
3 2
4 4 1 y x m m ' = +
m eR, th ( )
m
C lun c ba im cc tr.
2
0
0
1
x
y
x m m
=
' =

= +

Khong cch gia hai im cc tiu l:
2
2
1 3
2 1 2 3
2 4
d m m m
| |
= + = + >
|
\ .
.
Du = xy ra khi
1
2
m = .
Cu II
1. Ta c:
1
1
3
3
0
1 log 0 0 3
log 1
x
x x
x
>
+ > < s
>
.
( ) ( ) ( )
sin tan 2 3 sin 3 tan 2 3 3 sin tan 2 3sin 3 tan 2 3 3 0 x x x x x x x x + = + + =

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) sin tan 2 3 3 tan 2 3 0 tan 2 3 sin 3 0 x x x x x + + = + =
( ) tan 2 3 2
3 6 2
x x k x k k

= = + = + eZ .
Kt hp vi iu kin 0 3 x < s , ta chn c 1; 2 k = .
Vy ta c c cc nghim tha mn yu cu bi ton l:
5
;
3 6
x x

= = .
2. iu kin: 0 x y + > .
Ta c: ( ) ( )( )
2
2 2 2 2
2 2
1 2 1 0 1 0
xy xy
x y x y xy x y x y x y
x y x y
+ + = + + = + + + + =
+ +

V 0 x y + > nn
2 2
0 x y x y + + + > . Do : 1 0 1 x y y x + = = . Thay vo phng
trnh th hai ta c: ( )
2 2
1 0
1 1 2 0
2 3
x y
x x x x
x y
= =
= + =

= =
.
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64
Vy tp hp nghim ca h phng trnh trn l: ( ) ( ) { }
1; 0 , 2; 3 S = .

2. + Vi 0 y = ta c:
( )( )
2
2
1 0
1 2 0
x
x x
+ =
+ =
( H v nghim).
+ Vi 0 y = , ta c :
( )
( )( )
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
1
2 2
1 4

1 2 1
2 1
x
y x
x y y x y
y
x y x y x
y x
y
+
+ + =
+ + + =

+ + = +

+ =

Suy ra:
2
1
, 2
x
y x
y
+
+ l nghim ca phng trnh:
2
2 1 0 1 t t t + = = .
Do :
2
2 2
1
1
1
2 1 1 2 0
2
3 3 2
2 1 3
5
x
x
x
y
y x x x
x y
y x y x x
y x y x
y
=
= +
= = = + + =

=

= = =

+ = =

=

.
Vy tp hp nghim ca h phng trnh l: ( ) ( ) { }
1; 2 , 2;5 S = .
Cu III
Nhn xt: | | 0, 0;
1 sin
x
y x
x
= > e
+
. Gi S l din tch hnh phng cn tm.
Ta c:
2
2
0 0 0
1
1 sin 2
os
sin os
2 4
2 2
x x x
S dx dx
x x
x x
c
c

= = =
+ | |
| |

+ |
|
\ .
\ .
} } }
.
p dng cng thc tch phn tng phn ta c:
0 0 0
tan tan 2ln os
4 2 4 2 4
x x
I x x dx c

| | | | | |
= = + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
}

Cu IV
AD,AE l cc ng cao trong tam gic SAB,SAC

ABC A vung ti B nn AB BC
Gi thit cho : SA (ABC)
SA BC BC (ABC) AD BC
AD l ng cao trong tam gic SAB
AD SB
AD (SBC)
AD SC
Mt khc : AE SC SC (ADE)
Hay SE l ng cao ca hnh chp S.ADE

A
B
C
S
D
E
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65

2 2 2 2
AS.AB AS.AB a.c
AD
SB
AS AB a c
= = =
+ +

2 2
2 2 2 2 2
AS.AC SA.AC c. a b
AE
SB
SA AC a b c
+
= = =
+ + +

p dng Pytago trong tam gic SAE c:

2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
c (a b )
SE AS AE c
a b c
+
= =
+ +
=
2
2 2 2
c
a b c + +

DE =
2 2
AE AD + =
2 2
2 2 2 2 2
c .b
(a b c ).(a c ) + + +

S =
1
.AD.AE
2
=
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 c .b ac
. .
2
(a b c ).(a c ) a c + + + +

=
3 3
2 2 2 2 2
1 a.c .b
.
2
(a b c ).(a c ) + + +

Th tch:
V =
1 1
.SE. .AD.DE
3 2
=
3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 c 1 a.c .b
. .
3 2
a b c (a b c ).(a c ) + + + + +

2 4
2 2 2 2 2
1 a.b .c
.
6 (a c )(a b c )
=
+ + +

Cu V
p dng bt ng thc Cauchy, ta c: ( )
2 1 1 1 1
4
4
xy x y
x y x y
| |
s + s +
|
+
\ .
.
Du = xy ra khi x y = .
Ta c:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 4 4 4 4 8 2 2 a b c a b a c a b a c a b c
( | | | | | | | |
s + s + + + = + +
| | | | (
+ + + +
\ . \ . \ . \ .

Tng t:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
,
2 8 2 2 2 8 2 2 a b c a b c a b c a b c
| | | |
s + + s + +
| |
+ + + +
\ . \ .

Cng v theo v ca ba bt ng thc trn ta c:
1 1 1 1 2011
4 4
P
a b c
| |
s + + =
|
\ .
.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Ta c: ( ) ; 3 5 M M t t eA .
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66
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 1
. , . , . , . ,
2 2
MAB MCD
S S AB d M AB CDd M CD AB d M AB CDd M CD
A A
= = = .
ng thng AB qua ( ) 1; 0 A , nhn ( ) 3; 4 AB =
,
lm vecto ch phng nn c phng
trnh:
1 0
4 3 4 0
3 4
x y
x y

= + =
.
ng thng CD qua ( ) 1; 4 C , nhn ( ) 4;1 CD =
,
trnh:
1 4
4 17 0
4 1
x y
x y
+
= + = .
5, 17 AB CD = =
Do :
( ) ( ) 4 3 3 5 4 4 3 5 17
5. 17. 13 19 11 37
5 17
t t t t
t t
+ +
= = +
( )
7 7
; 2
13 19 11 37
3 3
13 19 11 37
9 9; 32
t M
t t
t t
t M
| |
=
= + |
\ .
.
2. Ta c: ( )
2
3; 7; 6 C d C e .
Gi
1
, ,
P d
u n u
A
, , ,
ln lt l vecto ch phng ca A, vecto php tuyn ca (P), vecto ch
phng ca
1
d .
Khi : ( )
1
, 4; 4; 4
P d
u n u
A
(
= =

, , ,
.
ng thng A qua ( ) 3; 7; 6 C nhn u
A
,
lm vecto ch phng nn c phng trnh:
( )
3
7
6
x t
y t t
z t
= +
= + e
R
Cu VIIa
Phng trnh: ( ) ( )
4 5
log 3 log 6 4 n n + + = c nghim duy nht l n = 19 ( v VT ca
phng trnh l mt hm s ng bin nn th ca n ct ng thng 4 y = ti mt
im duy nht).
Ta c:
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
19 19
19 19 19
19 1 1 19 19
1 2 2 os sin 2 os i sin
4 4 4 4 2 2
z i i c i c
| | | | | |
= + = + = + = +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

=
( )
19
9 9
1 1
2 2 2
2 2
i i
| |
=
|
\ .
. Suy ra:
9
Re 2 512 z = = .
Cu VIb
1. Gi ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 0 0
0 0 0 0
; 1 5 16 80
16 5
x y
M x y E x y e + = + = .
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67
Ta c: ( )
0 0
2 3
,
5
x y
d M AB
+
=
( )
0 0
1
. , 2 3
2
MAB
S ABd M AB x y
A
= = .
p dng bt ng thc Bunhiacopski cho hai cp s
( ) 0 0
1 1
; , 5 ; 4
2 5
x y
| |
|
\ .
ta c:
( )
2
2 2
0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
5 4 5 5 16 36
2 5 4 5
x y x y
| | | |
s + + =
| |
\ . \ .

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 6 6 2 6 3 2 9 2 3 9 x y x y x y x y s s s s s + s .
0
0 0
0
0 0
5 4 8
1 1
3
ax 2 9 9
2 5 5
2 3 9 3
x y
x
m x y
y
x y

= =

+ =

=
+ =
.

2. Mt cu (S) c tm ( ) 2; 1; 3 I v bn knh 3 R = .
( ) ( )
( ) 2.2 2. 1 3 16
, 5
3
d I P d R
+ +
= = > .
Do (P) v (S) khng c im chung. Do vy min 5 3 2 MN d R = = = .
Trong trng hp ny th M v tr
0
M , N v tr
0
N . D thy
0
N l hnh chiu vung
gc ca I ln mt phng (P) v
0
M l giao im ca on thng
0
IN vi mt cu (S).Gi A
l ng thng i qua I v vung gc vi mt phng (P) th
0
N l giao im ca A v (P).
ng thng A c vecto ch phng l ( ) 2; 2; 1
P
u n
A
= =
, ,
v qua I nn c phng trnh l:
( )
2 2
1 2
3
x t
y t t
z t
= +
= + e
R
Ta im
0
N ng vi tham s t nghim ng phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( )
5
2 2 2 2 1 2 3 16 0
3
t t t t + + + + = = .
Suy ra
0
4 1 14
; ; .
3 3 3
N
| |

|
\ .
Ta c: ( )
0 0 0
3
0; 3; 4
5
IM IN M =
, ,
.

Cu VII b
iu kin:
2 0
1
x y
y
>
>

Vi iu kin , h phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
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68
( )( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2 2 2
2
2
2 1 2 log 2 log 1 1
2log 2 3log 1 4 2log 2 3log 1 4
1 7
log 2 1
2
2 4
log 1 2
1 4 3
x y y x y y
x y y x y y
x y
x y x
y
y y
+ = + + =

+ + = + + =

=
= =

+ =

+ = =

11

2 1
2
x
y
x
+
=
+
c th ( ) C
18. Kho st s bin thin v v th ( ) C ca hm s
2. Chng minh ng thng : d y x m = + lun ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B.
Tm m on AB c di nh nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
3
os os os sin 2 0
2 6 3 2 2 6
x x
c c x c x
| | | | | | | |
+ + + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
3 2 2 3
6 9 4 0
2
x x y xy y
x y x y
+ =
+ + =
.
Cu III (1,0 im) Cho s thc ln 2 a > .Tnh
ln10
3
2
x
x
a
e
J dx
e
=
}
v suy ra
ln 2
lim
a
J

Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh lng tr tam gic ABC.DEF c BE = a, gc gia ng
thng BE vi mt phng (ABC) bng
0
60 . Tam gic ABC vung ti C, gc
0
BAC 60 = ,
hnh chiu vung gc ca E ln (ABC) trng vi trng tm ca tam gic ABC. Tnh th
tch ca t din D.ABC?
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho ba s thc dng a, b, c tha mn:
3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
1
a b c
a ab b b bc c c ca a
+ + =
+ + + + + +
.
Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc S a b c = + + .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
2 2
: 1
25 16
x y
E + = . Gi A, B l cc im trn (E) sao cho
1 2
AF 8 BF + = vi
1 2
, F F l cc tiu im. Tnh
2 1
AF BF + .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai ng thng:
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69
1 2
8 6 10
: ; : 2
2 1 1
4 2
x t
x y z
d d y t
z t
=
+
= = =

= +

Vit phng trnh ng thng d song song vi trc Ox v ct
1
d ti A, ct
2
d ti B. Tnh
AB.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gii phng trnh: ( )
2
2 2
log 7 log 12 4 0 x x x x + + = .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho tam gic ABC cn c y l BC. nh A c ta l cc s
dng, hai im B, C nm trn trc Ox, phng trnh cnh ( ) : 3 7 1 AB y x = . Bit chu vi
ca tam gic ABC bng 18. Tm ta cc nh A, B,C.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hnh thang cn ABCD vi ( ) ( ) ( ) 3; 1; 2 , 1; 5;1 , 2; 3; 3 A B C ,
trong AB l y ln, CD l y nh. Tm ta im D.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Chng minh rng nu ( )
n
a bi c di + = + th
( )
2 2 2 2
n
a b c d + = + .
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v ng thng d l:
( )
2 2
2 2
2 1
2 4 1 2 0 2 1 2 2
x x
x
x m
x x m x m x x mx x m
= =
+
= +

+ + + = + = + +

V
( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
2 4 2 1 2 3 0
4 4 1 2 12 0
m m
m m m m
+ + = =
A = = + >

nn phng trnh ( )
2
4 1 2 0 x m x m + + = c hai nghim phn bit khc 2 . Do d
lun ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B.
Gi
1 2
, x x ln lt l honh ca hai im A, B.
Khi : ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
; , ; A x x m B x x m + +
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 1 1 2 1 2
2 2 4 AB x x x x x x
(
= = +

(1)
Hn na
1 2
, x x l hai nghim phn bit ca phng trnh ( )
2
4 1 2 0 x m x m + + = nn
theo nh l Viet ta c:
1 2
1 2
4
1 2
x x m
x x m
+ =
. (2)
Thay (2) vo (1) ta c: ( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2
2 4 4 1 2 2 12 24 2 6 AB m m m AB
(
= = + > >

Du = xy ra khi v ch khi 0 m = .
Vy min 2 6 AB = khi 0 m = .
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70
Cu II
1. Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
os os2 os3 os4 0
2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6
x x x x
c c c c
| | | | | | | |
+ + + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
.
t
2 6
x
t

= .
Phng trnh trn tr thnh:
3 7
cos os2 os3 os4 0 2cos os 2cos os 0
2 2 2 2
t t t t
t c t c t c t c c + + + = + =
3 7 5
2cos os os 0 4cos cos cos 0
2 2 2 2 2
t t t t t
c c t
| |
+ = =
|
\ .

7
2 4
os 0
3
2
4
cos 0 2
2 3
7
2 11 4 os 0
2
5 5 15 5
t k x k t
c
t t k x k
t
k k c
t x
= + = +

= = + = +

=

= + = +
( ) k eZ .

2. Ta c:
( ) ( )
( )
2
3 2 2 3
6 9 4 0 4 0
4
2
2
2 *
x y
x x y xy y x y x y
x y
x y x y
x y x y
x y x y
=
+ = =
=

+ + =
+ + =

+ + =

+ Vi x y = , thay vo phng trnh (*) ta thu c 2 x y = = .
+ Vi 4 x y = , thay vo phng trnh (*) ta thu c: 32 8 15, 8 2 15 x y = = .

Cu III
t
3 3 2
1 1 3
x x x
t e t e t dt e dx = = = .
i cn:
3
1 ; ln10 3
a
x a t e x t = = = = .
Khi :
( )
3
3 3
2 2 2 2 2
2
3
1
1 1
3 3 3
3 4 2
2 2 a
a a
a
e
e e
t dt
I tdt t e
t

(
= = = =
(
(

} }
.
Suy ra
ln 2
3
lim .4 6
2
a
J
= =

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71
Cu IV. Ta c: EG (ABC) nn EG l ng cao ca chp
p dng h thc lng trong tam gic vung
EGB ta c:
EG = EBsinB = asin
0
60 =
a 3
2

p dng pytago:
2 2
BG BE EG = =
a
2

M BG =
2
3
BM BM =
3
2
BG =
3a
4

p dung Pytago trong tam gic BMC:
MC = MBsin
0
15 =
3a
4
sin
0
15 , AC = 2MC =
3a
2
sin
0
15 ,
BC = ACtan
0
60 =
3a
2
sin
0
15 3
Th tch ca khi chp:
V =
3
ABC
1 3
EG.S a .
3 4
A
=
2 0
sin 15 (vtt)
Cu V
Trc ht ta chng minh: ( )
3
2 2
2
1
3
a a b
a ab b
>
+ +
.
Tht vy, ( ) ( )
( )
3 2 2 3 3 2 2
1 3 2 0 a a b a ab b a b a b ab > + + + >
( )
( )
( ) ( )( )
2
2 2
0 0 a b a ab b ab a b a b a b + + + > + > ( lun ng).
Tng t ta cng chng minh c: ( ) ( )
3 3
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 ; 3
3 3
b b c c c a
b bc c c ca a

> >
+ + + +

Cng v theo v (1), (2) v (3) ta c:
3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
3
3
a b c a b c
S
a ab b b bc c c ca a
+ +
+ + > s
+ + + + + +
.
Vy max 3 S = khi 1 a b c = = = .

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. T phng trnh elip, ta c:
1 2
AF AF 2a + = v
1 2
2 BF BF a + =
Suy ra:
1 2 1 2
AF AF 20 BF BF + + + = .
M
1 2
AF 8 BF + = . Do :
2 1
AF 12 BF + = .
2. ( )
1
8 2 ; 6 ;10 A d A t t t e + + ; ( )
2
; 2 ; 4 2 B d B s s s e +
B
C
A
F
E
D
M
G
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72
Suy ra: ( ) 2 8; 4; 2 14 AB s t s t s t = + +
,
.
, AB i
, ,
cng phng
( )
( )
22 52; 16;32
4 0
2 14 0 18 18; 16;32
t A
s t
s t s B
=
=

+ = =

Suy ra: phng trnh ng thng d:
52
16
32
x t
y
z
= +
v 70 AB = .
Cu VIIa
iu kin: 0 x >
t
2
og t l x = . Phng trnh cho thnh: ( )
2
4
7 12 4 0
3
t
t x t x
t x
=
+ =

=
.
+ Vi 4 t = , ta c:
2
log 4 16 x x = = .
+ Vi 3 t x = , ta c:
2
log 3 x x = . Phng trnh ny c nghim duy nht 2 x = ( v v
tri ca phng trnh l mt hm ng bin, v phi ca phng trnh l mt hm nghch
bin).
Cu VIb
1. Ta c: ( ) Ox 1; 0 B AB B = ; ( )
( )
;3 7 1 A AB A a a e .
Theo gi thit, ta suy ra 1 a > .
Gi AH l ng cao ca tam gic ABC
( ) ; 0 H a ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 1; 0 2 1 , 8 1 C a BC a AB AC a = = =
Chu vi tam gic ABC l 18 18 AB AC BC + + = 18 18 18 2 a a = = .
Do ( )
( )
3; 0 , 2;3 7 C A .
2. V ABCD l hnh thang cn nn 3 AD BC = = .
Gi A l ng thng qua C v song song vi AB
Gi (S) l mt cu tm A bn knh R = 3. im D cn tm l giao im ca A v (S).
ng thng A c vecto ch phng ( ) 2; 6;3 AB =
,
nn c phng trnh:
2 2
3 6
3 3
x t
y t
z t
=
= +
= +
.
Phng trnh mt cu ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
: 3 1 2 9 S x y z + + + + = .
Ta im D l nghim ca phng trnh
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2
1
2 1 6 4 3 5 9 49 82 33 0
33
49
t
t t t t t
t
=
+ + + + = + + =

=

+ Vi 1 t = th ( ) 4; 3; 0 D : khng tha v 7 AB CD = = .
+ Vi
33
49
t = th
164 1 48
; ;
49 49 49
D
5 | |
|
\ .
( tha mn).

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73
Cu VIIb
Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2
2
2 2 2 2
n
n n n
a bi c di a bi c di a bi c di a b c d + = + + = + + = + + = + .

12

2 1
1
x
y
x
=
+
c th ( ) C
2. Gi M l giao im hai ng tim cn ca (C). Tm trn th (C) im I c honh
dng sao cho tip tuyn ti I vi th (C) ct hai ng tim cn ti A v B tha mn:
2 2
40 MA MB + = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh: 2 sin 2 3sin cos 2
4
x x x
| |
+ = + +
|
\ .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( ) 2 32
2 2 2 2
log 5log 2
1 3
x y x y
x y x y
+ = +
+ + =
.
3
2
2
1
log
1 3ln
e
x
I dx
x x
=
+
}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh t gic u ABCD.EFGH c khong cch gia hai ng thng AD v ED
bng 2. di ng cho mt bn bng 5. Tnh th tch khi lng tr.
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , x y l hai s thc tha mn
2 2
2 x xy y + = . Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh
nht ca biu thc
2 2
2 3 M x xy y = + .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho hai ng trn ( )
2 2
1
: 13 C x y + = v
( ) ( )
2
2
2
: 6 25 C x y + = . Gi A l giao im ca ( )
1
C v ( )
2
C vi 0
A
y > . Vit phng
trnh ng thng d i qua A v ct ( ) ( )
1 2
, C C theo hai dy cung c di bng nhau.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho mt cu ( )
2 2 2
: 2 4 6 11 0 S x y z x y z + + + = v mt
phng ( ) : 2 2 17 0 x y z + + = . Vit phng trnh mt phng ( ) song song vi ( ) v
ct (S) theo giao tuyn l ng trn c chu vi bng 6 .
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74
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Cho
1 2
, z z l cc nghim phc ca phng trnh
2
2 4 11 0 z z + = . Tnh gi tr ca biu
thc
( )
2 2
1 2
2012
1 2
z z
M
z z
+
=
+
.

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hai ng thng
1 2
: 1 0, : 2 1 0 d x y d x y + + = = . Lp
phng trnh ng thng d i qua ( ) 1;1 M v ct
1 2
, d d tng ng ti A, B sao cho
2 0 MA MB + =
, , ,
.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho mt phng ( ) cha ng thng
1
:
1 1 2
x y z
A = =

v
to vi mt phng ( ) : 2 2 1 0 x y z + = gc
0
60 . Tm ta giao im M ca mt
phng ( ) vi trc Oz.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
2 1
,
1
x y x y
x y
e e x
x y
e x y
+
+
+ = +
= +
R .
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c: 1 x = (TC), 2 y = (TCN). M l giao im hai tim cn nn ( ) 1; 2 M .
Gi ( )
0
0
0
2 1
;
1
x
I x C
x
| |
e
|
+
\ .
,
0
0 x > .
Phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C) ti I l:
( )
( )
0
0
2
0
0
2 1 3
1
1
x
y x x
x
x
= +
+
+
.
Tip tuyn ct TC ti
0
0
2 4
1;
1
x
A
x
| |
|
+
\ .
, ct TCN ti ( )
0
2 1; 2 B x + .
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 4 2
2 2
0 0 0
2
0
36
40 4 1 40 4 1 40 1 36 0
1
MA MB x x x
x
+ = + + = + + + =
+

( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
0 4 2 0
0 0
2
0
0
1 1 1 1
1 10 1 9 0
1 3
1 9
x x
x x
x
x
+ = + =
+ + + =

+ =
+ =

.
V
0
0 x > nn chn c
0 0
2 1 x y = = .
Vy ( ) 2;1 I tha mn yu cu bi ton.
Cu II
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75
2
sin 2 os2 3sin cos 2 2sin cos 2cos 1 3sin cos 2 x c x x x x x x x x + = + + + = + +
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2sin cos 2cos 3sin cos 3 0 2cos sin cos 3 sin cos 2cos 3 0 x x x x x x x x x x x + = + + + =
( )( ) ( ) ( )( ) sin cos 2cos 3 2cos 3 0 sin cos 1 2cos 3 0 x x x x x x x + + = + + =
1
sin cos 1 2 sin 1 sin sin
4 4 4 2
x x x x
| | | | | |
+ = + = + = =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

( )
2
2
4 4
2
5
2 2
4 4
x k
x k
k
x k x k

+ = +
= +
= + + = +

Z .
2. Ta c:
( ) ( )
( )
2
3 2 2 3
6 9 4 0 4 0
4
2
2
2 *
x y
x x y xy y x y x y
x y
x y x y
x y x y
x y x y
=
+ = =
=

+ + =
+ + =

+ + =

+ Vi x y = , thay vo phng trnh (*) ta thu c 2 x y = = .
+ Vi 4 x y = , thay vo phng trnh (*) ta thu c: 32 8 15, 8 2 15 x y = = .
2. iu kin: 0, 0 x y x y > + > .
Vi iu kin trn, h phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
2 2 2 2
2
1 3
x y x y
x y x y
+ = +
+ + =

t ; a x y b x y = + = 0, 0 a b > > . Suy ra:
2 2 2 2
,
2 2
a b a b
x y
+
= =
H phng trnh cho thnh:
2 2
2 2 2 2
4 4
2
2
1
2 2 4 3
1 3
2
2 2
a b
a b
a b a b
a b ab
ab
= +
= +
| | | |
+
+ + =
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2
2 4
2 2 4 2 6 2 2 4 2 6
a b
a b ab
a b a b ab a b a b ab
= + = +

(
(
+ + = + + =

(
(

( )
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2 2
2 4
2 4
2 2 4 2 4 2 6
4 32 36 2 6
a b ab
a b ab
ab a b ab
a b ab ab
+ = +

+ = +

(
+ + =
+ =

2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 4
2 4
2 4
0
8 9 6 9
8 9 3
a b ab
a b ab
a b ab
ab
a b ab a b ab
a b ab ab
+ = + + = +
+ = +

= + = + + + = +

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76
( )
2
2 2
2 0
4 2 4
0 2
0
0
a b a
a b a b ab
ab b
ab
ab
+ = = + = + =

= =
= =

( do 0, 0 a b > > ).
Do :
0 0 2
4 2
2
x y x y x
x y y
x y
+ = + = =

= =
=
.

Cu III
Ta c:
3
3 2
2
3
2 2 2
1 1 1
ln
log 1 ln ln ln 2
ln 2
1 3ln 1 3ln 1 3ln
e e e
x
x x
I dx dx dx
x
x x x x x
| |
|
\ .
= = =
+ + +
} } }
.
t
2 2 2
ln ln 1
1 3ln 1 3ln 3
3
x x
t x t x tdt dx dx tdt
x x
= + = + = = .
i cn: 1 1 ; 2 x t x e t = = = = .
Khi :
( )
2
2
2 2 3
2
3 3 3 3
1 1
1
1
1 1 1 1 4
3
1 .
3 3 ln 2 9ln 2 9ln 2 27ln 2
t
t
I tdt t dt t
t
| |
= = = =
|
\ .
} }

Cu IV

Gi K l hnh chiu vung gc ca A ln
ED AK ED , AB// EF (EFD) e do AB
// (EFD)
d(A,EFD) = d(AB,ED)
M EF (EFDA) nn EF AK
AB AK
AK = d(A,EFD) = d(AB,ED) = 2
t EK = x ( 0 s x s 5 ). Trong tam gic
vung AED ta c: AK
2
= KE.KD

hay 4 = x(5-x) x
2
- 5x + 4 = 0
x 1
x 4
=

Vi x = 4 ta c AE =
2 2
AK KE 5 + = V = AE.
ABCD
S = 5 ( vtt)
Vi x = 4 ta c AE = 2 5 V = 10 5 ( vtt)

Cu V
Nu 0 y = th
2
2 M x = = .
Nu 0 y = th t
x
t
y
= , ta c:
A
B
C
E
F
G
H
K
D
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77
2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 3
2 3 2 3
2. 2 2
1
1
x x
y y x xy y t t
M
x xy y t t
x x
y y
| | | |
+
| |
+ +
\ . \ .
= = =
+ +
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cch 1: Xt phng trnh: ( ) ( )
2
2
2
2 3
1 2 3 0
1
t t
m m t m t m
t t
+
= + + + =
+
. Phng trnh
ny c nghim 1 m = hoc ( ) ( )( )
2
2 4 1 3 0 m m m A = + + >

( ) ( )
2 13 1 2 13 1
3 3
m
+
s s .
Hay
( ) ( )
4 13 1 4 13 1
3 3
M
+ +
s s
Vy
( ) ( )
4 13 1 4 13 1
max , min
3 3
M M
+
= = .
Cch 2: S dng phng php hm s tm gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca hm s
( )
2
2
2 3
1
t t
f t
t t
+
=
+
.

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. ( )
1
C c tm O( ) 0; 0 , bn knh
1
13 R =
( )
2
C c tm I ( ) 6; 0 , bn knh
2
5 R =
ng thng d i qua ( ) 2; 3 A nhn ( ) ; n a b =
,
lm vecto php tuyn nn c phng trnh
( ) ( ) 2 3 0 2 3 0 a x b y ax by a b + = + =
( )
2 2
0 a b + >
Gi ( ) ( )
1 2
, ; , d d O d d I d = = . Theo gi thit ta suy ra:

2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2 2 1
12 R d R d d d = =
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 2 2
0 4 3 2 3
12 3 0
3
b a b a b
b ab
b a a b a b
=
= + =

= + +

.
+ Vi 0 b = chn 1 a = . Ta c phng trnh ng thng d: 2 0 x = .
+ Vi 3 b a = , chn 1 3 a b = = . Ta c phng trnh ng thng d: 3 7 0 x y + = .
2. Do ( ) ( ) / / nn ( ) ( ) : 2 2 0 17 x y z D D + + = = .
Mt cu (S) c tm ( ) 1; 2; 3 I , bn knh 5 R = .
ng trn c chu vi l 6 nn bn knh ca ng trn ny l 3 r = .
Ta c: ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2 2
2.1 2. 2 3 7
, 4 5 12
17
2 2 1
D D
d I R r D
D
+ + =
= = =

=
+ +

A
O
I
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78
Nhn gi tr 7 D = . Vy ( ) c phng trnh l: 2 2 7 0 x y z + = .
Cu VIIa
Gii phng trnh:
2
2 4 11 0 z z + = ta c cc nghim:
1 2
3 2 3 2
1 ; 1
2 2
z i z i = = + .
Suy ra:
1 2
22
2
z z = = ,
1 2
2 z z + = .
Do :
2012 2012
11 11
11
2 2
2 2
M
+
= = .
Cu VIb
1. Ta c: ( ) ( )
1 2
; 1 , ; 2 1 A d A a a B d B b b e e .
Khi : ( ) ( ) 1; 2 , 1; 2 2 MA a a MB b b = =
, ,
.
Ta c:
( )
( )
0 0; 1
2 2 1 0
2 0
2 4 2 2 0 3 3;5
a A
a b
MA MB
a b b B
=
+ =
+ =

+ = =

, , ,

ng thng d qua ( ) 0; 1 A nhn ( ) 3; 6 AB =
,
lm vecto ch phng nn c phng trnh
l:
0 1
2 1 0
3 6
x y
x y
+
= = .
2. ng thng A i qua im ( ) 1; 0; 0 A v c vecto ch phng ( ) 1; 1; 2 u =
,
.
Mt phng ( ) c vecto php tuyn l ( ) 2; 2; 1 n =
,
.
Giao im ( ) 0; 0; M m cho ra ( ) 1; 0; AM m =
,
.
Mt phng ( ) c vecto php tuyn l: ( ) ; ; 2;1 n AM u m m
(
= =

, , ,
.
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
0
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2 1.1
1 1
os60
2
2 4 5
2 2 1 . 2 1
m m
c
m m
m m

= =
+
+ + + +

2 2
2 2
2 4 5 2 2 4 1 0
2 2
m
m m m m
m
=
+ = + =
= +
.
Vy ta cc im M cn tm l:
( )
0; 0; 2 2 M ,
( )
0; 0; 2 2 M +

Cu VIIb
H phng trnh cho tng ng
vi:
( ) ( )
( )
( )
1 1 1 1
1 2
x y x y x y
x y x y x y x y x y
e x y e x y e x y
e e x y x y e x y e x y e x y

+ + +
= + + = + + = + +

= + = + + + = +

Xt hm s: ( )
t
f t e t = +
( ) ( ) 1 0
t
f t e t f t ' = + > e R ng bin trn R.
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79
Theo phng trnh (2) th ( ) ( ) f x y f x y + = .
Do : 0 x y x y y + = = .
Thay 0 y = vo phng trnh (1) ta c: 1
x
e x = + .
Xt hm s: ( ) 1
x
g x e x = ; ( ) 1
x
g x e ' = ; ( ) 0 1 0 0
x
g x e x ' = = = .
Da bo bng bin thin ca hm ( ) g x ta c ( ) 0 0 f x x = = .

13

3 2
3 1 y x x = + c th ( ) C
2. Tm hai im A, B thuc th ( ) C sao cho tip tuyn ca (C) ti A v B song song
vi nhau ng thi 4 2 AB = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh: cot 2cot 2 tan 3 3 x x x + + + = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2012 2012 2011 2011
2 x y
x y x y
+ =
+ = +
.
Cu III (1,0 im).
Cho hm s: ( )
( )
3
1
x
a
f x bxe
x
= +
+
. Tm a, b bit ( ) 0 22 f ' = v ( )
1
0
5 f x dx =
}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
y ca khi lng tr ng ABC.DEF l tam gic u. Mt phng y to vi mt
phng (DBC) mt gc
0
30 . Tam gic DBC c din tch bng 8. Tnh th tch khi lng tr
?
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho hai s thc | | , 2011; 2012 x y e . Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc :
( )
( )
2 2
2
x y x y
A
xy
+ +
= .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
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80
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 2 4 2 0 C x y x y + + + = . Vit
phng trnh ng trn ( ) C' tm ( ) 5;1 M bit ( ) C' ct ( ) C ti hai im , A B sao cho
3 AB = .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) 2;1; 4 M v ng thng
1 2 1
:
1 1 2
x y x
d

= = .
Tm im H thuc d sao cho
33
2
HMO
S
A
= bit 4
H
x > .

Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Cho
2013
1
1
i
z
i
+ | |
=
|
\ .
. Chng minh rng:
1 2 3 *
0,
k k k k
z z z z k
+ + +
+ + + = eN .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho tam gic ABC c ( ) ( ) ( ) 6; 3 , 4; 3 , 9; 2 A B C . Tm im
D thuc ng phn gic trong l ca gc A t gic ABDC l hnh thang.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho h ng thng
1
: , 0, 1
1 1
m
x y z
d m m
m m
= = = =

.
Chng minh rng:
m
d nm trong mt mt phng c nh khi m thay i.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Tm m h phng trnh:
2
2 2
2
1
x
x x y m
x y
+ = + +
+ =
c nghim duy nht.

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Gi s
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 3 2
; 3 1 , ; 3 1 A a a a C B b b b C a b + e + e = .
V tip tuyn ti A v B song song vi nhau nn
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
3 6 3 6 2 2 2 0 y a y b a a b b a a b b a b a b ' ' = = = =
( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 0 2 0 2 0 a b a b a b a b a b a b + = + = + = ( v a b = ).
Mt khc: ( ) ( )
2
2
2 3 2 3 2
3 3 AB b a b b a a = + + (*)
Thay 2 b a = vo (*) ta c:
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 3 2
2 3 2
2 2 2 3 2 3 AB a a a a a
(
= + +

= ( ) ( )
2
2
2 3 2 3 2
4 1 8 12 6 12 12 3 3 a a a a a a a a + + + +
= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
3 2 3 2
4 1 2 6 4 4 1 4 3 2 a a a a a a + + = +
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81
= ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
2
4 1 4 1 2 2 a a a a + = ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
4 1 4 1 1 3 a a a
(
+

= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 6 4 2
4 1 4 1 24 1 36 1 a a a a + +
= ( ) ( ) ( )
6 4 2
4 1 24 1 40 1 a a a +
M 4 2 AB = nn ( ) ( ) ( )
6 4 2
4 1 24 1 40 1 32 a a a + =
( ) ( ) ( )
6 4 2
1 6 1 10 1 8 0 a a a + =
t ( )
2
1 t a = . Do 2 1 a b a a a = = = nn 0 t > .
Phng trnh trn tr thnh: ( ) ( )
3 2 2
6 10 8 0 4 2 2 0 4 t t t t t t t + = + = = .
Vi 4 t = ta c: ( )
2
2
1 3
1 4 2 3 0
3 1
a b
a a a
a b
= =
= =

= =
.
Vy ( ) ( ) 3;1 , 1; 3 A B tha mn yu cu bi ton.
Cu II
1. Ta c:
2 2
os2 os sin
2cot 2 2 2 cot tan
sin 2 2sin cos
c x c x x
x x x
x x x
= = = .
( )
2
3 cot 0
cot 3
cot 3 3 cot
cot 1 cot 3 3 cot
x
x
x x
x x x
>
s
+ =

= + =

.
( ) cot 1
4
x x k k
= = + eZ
2. H phng trnh tng ng vi:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2012 2012 2011 2011 2012 2012 2011 2011
2 2
2 2 2
x y x y
x y x y x y x y x y
+ = + =

+ = + + = + +

2012 2012 2012 2011 2011 2012 2012 2012 2011 2011
2 2
2 2
x y x y
x y x xy x y y x y x y xy
+ = + =

+ = + + + + = +

( ) ( ) ( )( )
2011 2011 2011 2011
2
2
2
1
0 0 0
x y
x y
x y
x y
x y x y x y x x y y x y
+ = + = + =
= =

= = =

Cu III
TX: { } \ 1 D = R .
Ta c: ( )
( )
( ) ( )
4
3
1 0 3
1
x
a
f x be x f b a
x
' ' = + + =
+
.
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
1
1 1 1 1 1
3
2
0 0 0 0 0
0
3
1 1
8
2 1
x x x
a a
f x dx a x d x b xe dx xe dx b xd e
x
= + + + = + = +
+
} } } } }

3
8
a
b = + .
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82
Do c h phng trnh
3 22 8
3 8 40 2
a b a
a b b
= =

+ = =

.

Cu IV
t CK = x, DK vuong gc vi
BC nn
DKA =
0
30
Xt tam gic ADK c:
cos
0
30 =
AK
DK
AK = x 3 ,
DK = 2x
Din tch tam gic BCD:
S = CK.Dk = x.2x = 8, do x = 2
AD = AK.tan
0
30 = x 3 .
3
3
= 2
Th tch khi lng tr:
V =
1
3
AD.CK.AK =
8
3
(vtt)
Cu V
+ Nu 2011 2012 x y s s s th
2011
1
2012
t s s vi
a
t
b
= . Khi A c dng
( ) ( )
1
1 A t t t
t
| |
= + +
|
\ .
. Bi ton quy v tm gi tr nh nht ca hm s:
( )
2
1 2011
1, ;1
2012
A t t t t
t
(
= + + + e
(

( ) ( )
3 2
2 2
1 2 1 2011
2 1 0 ;1
2012
t t
A t t t A t
t t
+ (
' = + = > e
(

ng bin trn
2011
;1
2012
(
(

Suy ra:
( )
2 2
2
4023 2011 2012
min
2011.2012
A
+
= t c khi
2011
2012
x
t
y
= = . Kt hp vi iu kin
ang xt ta suy ra: 2011, 2012 x y = = .
+ Nu 2011 2012 y x s s s th lp lun tng t nh trn ta tm c min 4 A = khi x y = .
Qua hai trng hp trn ta thu c:
( )
2 2
2
4023 2011 2012
min
2011.2012
A
+
= khi 2011, 2012 x y = = .

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. ng trn ( ) C c tm ( ) 1; 2 I , bn knh 3 R = .
A
B
C
D
E
F
K
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83
ng trn ( ) C' tm M ct ng trn ( ) C ti , A B nn AB IM ti trung im H ca
on . AB Khi :
3
2 2
AB
AH = = .
rng hai v tr ca on AB l AB v A B ' ' chng c cng di l 3 . Cc trung
im H v H' i xng nhau qua tm I v cng nm trn ng thng IM .
Ta c:
2
2 2
3 3
3
2 2
IH IH IA AH
| |
' = = = =
|
|
\ .

Suy ra:
2 2 2
MA AH MH = + .
M ( ) ( )
2 2
5 1 1 2 5 MI = + + =
nn
3 7
5
2 2
MH MI IH = = = ;
3 13
5
2 2
MH MI IH ' ' = + = + =
Do :
2 2 2
3 49
13
4 4
MA AH MH = + = + =
2 2 2
3 169
43
4 4
MA A H MH ' ' ' = + = + = .
Vy phng trnh ng trn ( ) C' tha mn yu cu bi ton l:
( ) ( )
2 2
5 1 13 x y + = ; ( ) ( )
2 2
5 1 43 x y + =
2. Ta c: ( ) 2;1; 4 OM =
,
, ( ) 1; 2; 2 1 OH t t t = + + +
,
( do H thuc d).
( )
2
; 2 7; 2; 3 ; 5 34 29 OM OH t t OM OH t t
( (
= + = + +

, , , ,

Khi :
2
2
33 5 34 62 33
5 34 62 33
2 2 2
HMO
t t
S t t
A
+ +
= = + + =
2
1
5 34 29 0
29
5
t
t t
t
=
+ + =

=
.
Do 4
H
x > nn 1 4 5 t t + > > . Do chn ( ) 1 0;1; 1 t H = .
Cu VIIa
Ta c:
( ) ( )
( )( )
2
2013
2
1 1 1 2 1
1 1 1 1
i i i i i
i z i i
i i i i
+ + + + +
= = = = =
+
.
Do :
( )
( )
1 2 3 1 2 3 2 3
1 1 1 0
k k k k k k k k k k
z z z z i i i i i i i i i i i
+ + + + + +
+ + + = + + + = + + + = + = .
Cu VIb
1. D dng lp c phng trnh ng thng AB, AC tng ng nh sau:
3 15 0; 3 3 0 x y x y + = =
Phng trnh hai ng phn gic ca gc A l:
1
2
: 9 0
3 15 3 3
: 3 0 10 10
l x y
x y x y
l x y
+ + = +
=

+ =
.
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84
Xt
1
: 9 0 l x y + + = c: ( )( ) 9 9 160 0 ,
B B C C
x y x y B C + + + + = > cng pha vi
1
l . Do

1
l l phn gic ngoi ca gc A.
Vy phng trnh ng phn gic trong l ca gc A l: 3 0 x y + = .
Ta c: ( ) ; 3 D l D d d e + .
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;6 , 15;5 , 4; , 9; 1 AB AC BD d d CD d d = = = + = +
, , , ,
.
ABDC l hnh thang, ta xt hai trng hp sau y:
* ( )
9 1
/ / / / 14 14; 7
1 3
d d
AB CD AB CD d D
+
= =
, ,
.
* ( )
4
/ / / / 2 2;5
3 1
d d
AC BD AC BD d D
+
= =
, ,
.
2. Gi ( ) l mt mt phng c nh cha
m
d .
m
d i qua ( ) 0; 0;1 M , nhn ( ) ;1 ; 1 u m m =
,
lm vecto ch phng.
Gi ( ) ; ; n a b c =
,
l vecto php tuyn ca ( ) ,
2 2 2
0 a b c + + > .
Do ( )
m
d c nn ( ) ( ) . 0 1 0 0 nu m ma m b c m a b m b c m = + = + =
, ,

0
0
a b
a b c
b c
=
= =
. Khi chn ( ) 1;1;1 n =

,
.
( ) qua ( ) 0; 0;1 M , nhn ( ) 1;1;1 n =
,
lm vecto php tuyn nn c phng trnh l:
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 x y z x y z + + = + + = .
Cu VIIb
* iu kin cn: Gi s h c nghim duy nht ( )
0 0
; x y . Khi ( )
0 0
; x y cng l
nghim ca h ny. Do h c nghim duy nht nn
0 0 0
0 x x x = = . Thay vo h phng
trnh ban u ta c:
0
2
0
1 0
1 1
y m m
m y
= + =

= =

.
* iu kin :
+ Nu 2 m = th h phng trnh thnh:
2
2 2
2 2
1
x
x x y
x y
+ = + +
+ =
. D thy h ny c t
nht hai nghim ( ) ( ) 1;0 , 1; 0 nn loi trng hp ny.
2
2 2
2
1
x
x x y
x y
+ = +
+ =
.
T
2 2
1 x y + = 1, 1 x y s s
2
, 2
x
x x y > > .
Do :
2
2
2 2
2 2
2 0
2
1
1
1
x
x
x x
x x y x
y
y
x y
x y
=

+ = + =
=

=
+ =
+ =
.
Vy vi 0 m = th h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht.
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85

14

2
1
x
y
x
=
c th ( ) C
2. Tm hai im B, C nm trn hai nhnh ca th ( ) C sao cho tam gic ABC cn ti
A(2;0).
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
( )
2
2 3 os 2sin
2 4
1
2cos 1
x
c x
x
| |

|
\ .
=
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
2 2
3 3
3
3
2 3
6
x y x y xy
x y
+ = +
+ =
.
Cu III (1,0 im).
Tnh tch phn:
2 4
3
6
os
sin sin
4
c x
I dx
x x

=
| |
+
|
\ .
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp tam gic S.ABC c y l tam gic u cnh a. Cnh SA (ABC) ,
SA = 2a. Gi M, N l hnh chiu vung gc ca A ln cc cnh SB, SC. Tnh th tch ca
khi chp ABCMN?
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , , 0 a b c > tha
3
2
a b c + + s . Chng minh rng:
1 1 1 15
2
a b c
a b c
+ + + + + > .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho elip ( )
2 2
: 1
12 2
x y
E + = . Vit phng trnh
hypebol (H) c hai ng tim cn l: 2 y x = v c hai tiu im l hai tiu im ca (E).
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) 1; 0; 3 I v ng thng
1 1 1
:
2 1 2
x y z
d
+
= = . Vit
phng trnh mt cu (S) tm I v ct d ti hai im , A B sao cho cho IAB A vung ti I.

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86

Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gi s , , a b c l ba s thc sao cho cos cos os 0 a bc c = .
a) Hy tm phn o ca s phc ( )( )( ) 1 tan 1 tan 1 tan z i a i b i c = + + + .
b) Chng minh rng: ( ) tan tan tan tan tan tan , a b c a b c a b c k k + + = + + = eZ
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho h ng thng
( ) ( )
2 2
: 4 6 3 4 0
m
d m x my m + + = . Chng
minh rng h ng thng
m
d tip xc vi mt cnic c nh.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho cc im ( ) ( ) 4; 0; 0 , 0; 4; 0 A B v mt phng
( ) : 3 2 4 0 P x y z + + = . Gi I l trung im ca AB. Tm K m KI vung gc vi (P) ng
thi K cch u gc O v (P).
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( )
3
2
log 3
2 12 3 81
x
x y
y y y
+ =
+ =
.
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Hm s trn c vit li l: ( )
2
2
1
y C
x
= +
.
Gi ( ) ( )
2 2
; 2 , ; 2
1 1
B b C C c C
b c
| | | |
+ e + e
| |

\ . \ .
.
( ) 1 b c < <
Gi H, K ln lt l hnh chiu ca B, C ln trc
Ox.

Xt ABH A v CAK A c:
AB AC = ( do ABC A cn ti A)

0
90 CAK BAH CAK ACK BAH ACK + = = + = .
Do hai tam gic vung ny bng nhau.
Suy ra:
AH CK
HB AK
=
hay
2
2 2
1
2
2 2
1
b
c
c
b
= +
+ =

. Gii h ny ta thu c: 1; 3 b c = =
Vy ( ) ( ) 1;1 , 3; 3 A B tha mn yu cu bi ton.

H K
B
C
A
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87

Cu II
1. iu kin:
1
cos
2
x = .
2cos 3 os 1 os 2cos 1 3 os sin 0
2
x c x c x x c x x
| |
+ = + =
|
\ .

( ) sin 3 os tan 3
3
x c x x x l l
= = = + eZ .
+ Nu l chn, tc 2 l k = th 2
3
x k
= + (loi).
+ Nu l l, tc 2 1 l k = + th ( )
4
2
3
x k k
= + eZ (tha mn).
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim:
4
2
3
x k
= + ( ) k eZ .
2. t
3
3
, u x v y = = . H phng trnh cho thnh:
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 2 2
3
6
2 3
2 3 3
6
u v
u v u v uv
u v uv u v uv u v
u v
+ =
+ = +

(
+ + = +
+ =

( )
6 6
12 36 3 18 8
u v u v
uv uv uv
+ = + =

= =

, u v l nghim ca phng trnh:
2
2
6 8 0
4
t
t t
t
=
+ =

=
.
Do :
2
4
4
2
u
v
u
v
=

=

. Suy ra:
8
64
64
8
x
y
x
y
=

=

.
Vy nghim ca h l: ( ) ( ) 8; 64 , 64; 8 .

Cu III
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2 4 4
3 2
6 6
os cot
2 2
sin sin os sin 1 cot
c x x
I dx dx
x x c x x x

= =
+ +
} }

( ) ( )
2 4 4
6 6
cot 1
2 cot 2 cot 1 cot
1 cot cot 1
x
d x x d x
x x

| |
= = +
|
+ +
\ .
} }

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88

2
4
6
cot 1 3
2 cot ln cot 1 2 2 3 ln
2 2
x
x x
| |
| | +
= + + = +
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
.

Cu IV

Xt ASAB v ASAC c AB = AC, SA chung, A =
0
90
ASAB = ASAC SB =SC mt bn SBC l tam gic cn.
p dng nh l ng cao trong cc tam gic SAB v SAC ta c:

2 2
AB.AS
AM
AB AS
=
+
=
2a
5

2 2
AC.AS
AN
AC AS
=
+
=
2a
5

p dung nh l Pytago:
SM =
2 2
4a
SA AM
5
=

2 2
4a
SN SA AN
5
= =
Ta c cc t s:
SM
SB
=
SN
SC
=
4
5

S.AMN
S.ABC
V
V
=
16
25

S.AMN
V =
16
25
S.ABC
V =
3
8a 3
75

Th tch :

ABCNM
V =
S.ABC
V -
S.AMN
V =
3
a 3
6
-
3
8a 3
75
=
3
3a 3
50
(vtt)

Cu V
A
B
C
S
M
N
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89
( ) ( ) ( )
3
3
1 1 1 1 1 1 3
3 . . a b c a b c a b c
a b c a b c abc
| |
+ + + + + > + + + = + + +
|
\ .

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3 9 27
4 4
3
a b c a b c
a b c
a b c a b c
(
> + + + = + + + +
(
+ +
+ + + +

( )
( )
9 27 15
2 .
3
4 2
4.
2
a b c
a b c
> + + + =
+ +
.

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Gi s ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
: 1 , 0
x y
H a b
a b
= > .
Do (H) c hai tim cn l: 2 y x = nn 2 2
b
b a
a
= = .
T phng trnh (E) ta c:
2
12 2 10. c = =
Do :
2 2 2 2 2 2
4 5 10 2 a b a a a a + = + = = = . Suy ra
2
8 b = .
Vy ( )
2 2
: 1
2 8
x y
H = .
2. Phng trnh tham s ca d l:

1 2
1
1 2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +
= +

K IH d H l trung im
ca AB.

( ) ( ) 1 2 ; 1 ;1 2 2 ; 1; 2 2 H d H t t t IH t t t e + + + =
,
.
( ) 2;1; 2
d
u =
,
l vecto ch phng ca ng thng d.
Ta c:
5
. 0 4 1 4 4 0
9
d
IH u t t t t = + + = =
, ,
10 4 8 20
; ;
9 9 9 3
IH IH
| |
= =
|
\ .
,
.
Do tam gic IAB vung ti I nn
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 2 40
2
3
R IH
IH IA IB R
= + = = = .
Vy phng trnh mt cu (S) l: ( ) ( )
2 2
2
40
1 3
9
x y z + + = .

Cu VIIa
Ta c:
d
B
A
I
H
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90
( )( )( ) 1 tan 1 tan 1 tan z i a i b i c = + + +
= ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 tan tan tan tan 1 tan a b a b i i c + + + (

= ( ) ( ) 1 tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan tan a b b c c a a b c a b c i + + +
a) Suy ra Im tan tan tan tan tan tan z a b c a b c = + + .
b) tan tan tan tan tan tan a b c a b c + + = Im 0 z = z c acgumen bng ( ) k k eZ .
M s phc ( )
1
1 tan os sin
os
i a c a i a
c a
+ = + , v vy s phc ny c acgumen l
( ) a l l + eZ .
Tng t 1 tan ; 1 tan i b i c + + c acgumen l ( ) ( ) ; b m m c n n + e + e Z Z .
Vy s phc z c acgumen l: ( ) a b c l m n + + + + + .
Khi ( ) Im 0 z a b c k k = + + = eZ .
Cu VIb
1. Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
4 6 3 4 0 3 6 4 12 0 m x my m x m ym x + + = + + = (*)
im ( ) ; M x y khng thuc bt c ng thng no ca h
m
d khi v ch khi phng trnh
(*) n m v nghim. Tc l:
2 2
2 2
0 4 9 36 0 1
9 4
m
x y
x y ' A < + < + < .
Xt elip c phng trnh:
2 2
1
9 4
x y
+ = .
H phng trnh:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2 2
3 3
1
9 4
4 6 3 4
4 6 3 4 0
x y
mx y m
m x my m
m x my m
+ = + =

= +

+ + =

c nh thc
2
2
3
3 12 0
4 6
m
m m
m m
= =

nn h phng trnh lun c nghim duy
nht vi mi m.
Vy
m
d lun tip xc vi elip c nh c phng trnh l:
2 2
1
9 4
x y
+ = .
2. Ta c: I l trung im AB ( ) 2; 2; 0 I .
Mt phng (P) c vecto php tuyn l: ( ) 3; 2; 1 n =
,
.
V ( ) KI P nn ng thng KI qua I nhn ( ) 3; 2; 1 n =
,
lm vecto ch phng nn c
phng trnh:
2 3
2 2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +
.
( ) 2 3 ; 2 2 ; K KI K t t t e + + .
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91
Theo ta c: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
6 9 4 4 4
; 2 3 2 2
14
t t t
d K P KO t t t
+ + + + +
= = + + + +
2 2 2
3
14 20 4 14 1 14 20 4 14 28 14
4
t t t t t t t t + + = + + + = + + = .
Vy
1 1 3
; ;
4 2 4
K
| |
|
\ .
tha mn yu cu bi ton.

Cu VIIb
iu kin: 0 y > .
H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( )
( ) ( )
3
2
2 2
27
27
3
log 3
3
27 2 12 3 81
2 12 3 81 2 12 81
x
x
x
x
y x y
y
y y y
y y y y y y
y
=
= =

+ =

+ = + =

2
27
3
27
3
2
3 9
4 3
3
12 0
3
x
x
x
y
x
y
y y
y
y y
y

=
= =

= = =

+ =

=

.
Vy
2
3
x
y
=

15

4 2 2
2 y x mx m m = + + + c th ( )
m
C
22. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s khi 2 m = .
2. Tm m th ( )
m
C ca hm s c ba im cc tr lp thnh mt tam gic c mt gc
bng
0
120 .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
1 1
sin 2 sin 2cot 2
2sin sin 2
x x x
x x
+ = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2 8 2
4
+ + =
+ =
x y xy
x y
.
Cu III (1,0 im).
Tnh tch phn:
2
0
sin I x xdx
=
}
.
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92
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho gc tam din vung Oxyz nh O trn Ox, Oy, Oz ln lt ly cc im A, B, C sao
cho OA + OB + OC + AB + AC + BC = L, gi V l th tch ca t din ABCD.
Chng minh rng :
3
( 2 1)
162
L
V

s
Cu V (1,0 im). Cho , , a b c l cc s dng tha mn 3 ab a b + + = .
Chng minh rng:
2 2
3 3 3
1 1 2
a b ab
a b
b a a b
+ + s + +
+ + +

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho ba ng thng
1 2 3
: 2 3 0, : 3 4 5 0, : 4 3 2 0 d x y d x y d x y + = + + = + + = . Vit phng trnh ng trn c
tm thuc
1
d v tip xc vi
2 3
, . d d
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai im ( ) ( ) 0; 0; 4 , 2; 0; 0 A B v mt phng
( ) : 2 5 0 P x y z + = = . Lp phng trnh mt cu (S) i qua , , O A B v c khong cch t
tm I ca mt cu n mt phng (P) bng
5
6
.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gii phng trnh: ( )
3 2
2 1 3 1 0 z i z iz i + + + = trn tp s phc C.

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho ng thng : 3 4 0 d x y = v ng trn
( )
2 2
: 4 0 C x y y + = . Tm im M thuc d, im N thuc ( ) C sao cho hai im ny i
xng nhau qua ( ) 3;1 A .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) 0;1;1 A v hai ng thng:
1 2
1
1 2
: , :
3 1 1
1
x
x y z
d d y t
z t
=
+
= = =
= +
.
Vit phng trnh ng thng d i qua im A , vung gc vi
1
d v ct
2
d .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Tm m h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
( )
2
3
3 3
2
2
2 5
log 1 log 1 log 4
log 2 5 log 2 5
x x
x x
x x m
+
+ >
+ =
c hai nghim thc

phn bit.
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
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93
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c:
3
4 4 y x mx ' = + ;
( )
2
0 4 0 y x x m ' = + = .
th ( )
m
C ca hm s c ba im cc tr phng trnh
( )
2
4 0 x x m + = c ba nghim
phn bit 0 m < . Khi phng trnh 0 y' = c ba nghim l:
0 x
x m
x m
=
.
Gi
( ) ( ) ( )
2
0; , ; , ; A m m B m m C m m + l cc im cc tr.
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
; , ; AB m m AC m m = =
, ,

V A Ox e , B v C l hai im i xng nhau qua Oy nn tam gic ABC cn ti A. Nh
vy gc
0
120 chnh l
A.
Ta c:
4
4 3
4
3
1 . 1 1 1
os 3 0 3 1 0
2 2 2 3
AB AC m m
c A m m m m
m m
AB AC
+
= = = + = + = =
, ,
, ,
Cu II
1. iu kin: ( ) sin 2 0
2
= = eZ x x k k .
Vi iu kin trn, phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
2
2
os 2 os2 2cos 2
os 2 cos cos 2 2cos 2
sin 2 2sin sin 2
= =
c x c x x
c x x x x
x x x

( )
cos 2 0
cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 0
cos 2 cos 2 0
=
+ + =

+ + =
x
x x x
x x

* ( ) cos 2 0
4 2

= = + eZ x x k k ( tha mn iu kin)
*
2
cos 2 cos 2 0 2cos cos 1 0 + + = + + = x x x x ( Phng trnh ny v nghim).
2. iu kin , 0 x y > .
t ; u x y v xy = + = . Suy ra:
2
2 x y u v + =

( )
2
2 2
2
4
2 2 2 8 2
32 128 8
4
u
u v v v
v v v
u
=
+ =

+ =

2 2
4
4
0 8
4
32 128 64 16
u
u
v
v
v v v v
=
=
s s

=
+ = +

Hay
8
8
x y
xy
+ =
. Do : , x y l nghim ca phng trnh

2
4 4 0 2 t t t + = = .
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94
Vy 2 4 x y x y = = = = .
Cu III
Ta c: t
2
2 t x t x dx tdt = = = .
i cn:
2
0 0; x t x t = = = = .
Khi :
2
0
2 sin I t tdt
=
}
.
S dng cng thc tch phn tng phn ta c:
2 2 2 2
0 0
0
0 0
2 os 4 cos 2 4 sin 4 sin 2 4 os 2 8 I t c t t tdt t t tdt c t

= + = + = + =
} }

Cu IV
t OA = a, OB = b, OC = c
p dng BT Bunhiacpxki:
a + b
2 2
2( ) a b s +
a + c
2 2
2( ) a c s +
b + c
2 2
2(c b ) s +
Cng v vi v cc BT trn ta c:

2 2 2 2 2 2
2( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) a b c a b a c c b + + s + + + + +

Suy ra: (a + b + c)( 1 + 2 ) s
2 2 2 2 2 2
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) a b a c c b a b c + + + + + + + +
Hay (a + b + c)( 1 + 2 ) s L (1)
Du = trong (1) xy ra khi a = b = c
p dng BT Cauchy cho a, b, c ta c: a + b + c
3
abc > (2)
Ta c V =
6
abc
, BT (2) a + b + c
3
3 6V > (3)
Du = trong (3) xy ra khi a = b = c
T (1), (3) ta c
3
3.(1 2).3. 6 L V > + hay
3
( 2 1)
162
L
V

s (4)
Du = trong (4) xy ra khi a = b = c =
( 2 1)
3
L

Cu V
T gi thit , 0 a b > v 3 ab a b + + = ta suy ra ba iu sau y:
(i)
( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
3 4 12 0
6 4
a b a b
ab a b a b a b a b
a b
+ > +
= + + s + + + + + >

+ s
.
6 a b + s khng xy ra. V th 2 a b + > (1)
(ii)
3 3
3 1 1
ab ab
ab a b
a b a b a b a b
+ + = + = = +
+ + + +
(2)
A
C O
B
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95
(iii) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 1 1 4 1 1 4 ab a b a b b a b + + = + + + = + + = (3)
S dng ( ) ( ) 2 , 3 bin i bt ng thc cn chng minh ta c:
2 2
3 3 3 1 1 3
3 3 1
2 1 1 4 4
a b ab a b
a b a b
b a a b a b
+ +
+ + > + + = + +
+ + + +

( )
( )
2 2
3 3 3
1
4 4
a b a b
a b
= + + + +
+

Hay
( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2
12
4 6 3 3 4 a b a b a b
a b
+ + > + + + +
+

( )
2 2
12
3 10 a b a b
a b
+ > + +
+
(4).
rng
( )
2
2 2
2
a b
a b
+
+ > nn (4) s c chng minh nu bt ng thc sau l ng:
( )
( )
2
12
3 10
2
a b
a b
a b
+
> + +
+
(5).
t a b s + = . T gi thit v (1) ta suy ra: 1 ab s . Khi bt ng thc (5) tr thnh:
( )
( )
2 2
24
6 20 0 2 4 12 0 2 s s s s s s
s
+ > + > > ( lun ng).
Du = xy ra khi 2 1 s a b = = = .

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Gi I l tm ng trn. V
1
I d e nn ( ) ; 3 2 I t t .
Ta c: ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 3
3 4 3 2 5 4 3 3 2 2
; ;
5 5
t t t t
d I d d I d
+ + + +
= =

17 5 11 2 2
17 5 11 2
17 5 2 11 4
t t t
t t
t t t
= =
=

= =

.
Vy c hai ng trn tha mn yu cu bi ton l:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
1 2
49 9
: 2 1 , : 4 5
25 25
C x y C x y + + = + + = .
2. Gi s ( ) S c phng trnh l:
2 2 2
2 2 2 0 x y z ax by cz d + + + = .
( ) 0 O S d e =
( ) ( ) 0; 0; 4 16 8 0 A S c d e + = . M 0 d = nn suy ra 2 c = .
( ) ( ) 2; 0; 0 4 4 0 B S a d + = . M 0 d = nn suy ra 1 a = .
Vi ( ) 1; ; 2 I b , ta c: ( ) ( )
0 5 5 5
;
5 6 6 6
b b
d I P
b
= +
= =

=
.
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96
Vy phng trnh mt cu (S) cn tm l:
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 4 0; 2 20 4 0 x y z x z x y z x y z + + = + + + = .
Cu VIIa
R rng 1 z = l mt nghim ca phng trnh cho.
T ta c phn tch v tri ca phng trnh cho thnh dng:
( ) ( )
( )
3 2 2
2 1 3 1 1 z i z iz i z z az b + + + = + + , , a beC
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 3 2
2 1 3 1 1 z i z iz i z a z b a z b + + + = + + .
n y, ta c h phng trnh sau:
1 2 2
1
3
1 2
1
a i
a i
b a i
b i
b i
=
= +
=

=
.
Do phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( ) ( )
2
1
1 2 1 0
z
z i z i
=
+ + =

Gii phng trnh ( ) ( )
2
1 2 1 0 z i z i + + = ta thu c hai nghim:
1
z i
z i
=
= +
.

Cu VIb
1. Ta c: ( ) 3 4; M d M t t e + . V M v N i xng nhau qua A nn A l trung im on
thng MN. Khi ( ) 2 3 ; 2 N t t .
Mt khc ( ) N C e nn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
0
2 3 2 4 2 0
6
5
t
t t t
t
=
+ =

=
.
Vy ta tm c hai cp im nh sau:
( ) 4; 0 M , ( ) 2; 2 N hoc
38 6 8 4
; , ;
3 5 5 5
M
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .

2. ng thng
1
d c vecto ch phng l: ( ) 3;1;1 u =
,
.
Gi ( ) ( )
2 2
1; ;1 1; 1; B d d B d B t t AB t t = e + =
,
.
V
1
d d nn ( ) . 0 3 1 0 2 1;1; 2 AB u AB u t t t AB = + + = = =
, , , , ,
.
ng thng d i qua ( ) 0;1;1 A nhn ( ) 1;1; 2 AB =
,
trnh l:
1 1
1 1 2
x y z
= =
.
Cu VIIb
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) 2
3
3 3
2
2
2 5
log 1 log 1 log 4 1
log 2 5 log 2 5 2
x x
x x
x x m
+
+ >
+ =

* Gii bt phng trnh (1):
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97
iu kin 1 x >
Vi iu kin ny, (1)
3 3
1 1
og log 2 2 1 2 2 3
1 1
x x
l x x x
x x
+ +
> > + > <

Kt hp vi iu kin 1 x > ta c: 1 3 x < < .
* Xt phng trnh (2):
t
( )
2
2
og 2 5 t l x x = + . V 1 3 x < < nn 2 3 t < < .
Phng trnh (2) thnh:
2
5 5
m
t t t m
t
= = .
Xt hm s: ( ) ( )
2
5 , 2;3 f t t t t = e .
Da vo bng bin thin ta thu c:
25
6
4
m < < .

16

2 4
1
x
y
x
=
+
c th ( ) C
2. Tm trn th ( ) C , hai im A v B i xng qua ng thng MN.
Bit rng ( ) ( ) 3; 0 , 1; 1 M N .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
4
1 3 7
4cos os2 os4 os
2 4 2
x
x c x c x c + = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2 1
2 1
2 2 2011 1
2 2 2011 1
y
x
x x x
y y y
+ + = +
+ + = +
.
Cu III (1,0 im).
Tnh tch phn:
( )
2
2012
1
1
dx
I
x x
=
+
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp . S ABCD c y ABCD l hnh ch nht. Hai mt bn SAB v SCD
vung gc vi y. ng cho AC ca y to vi cnh AB mt gc . Cnh SC c
di bng a v to vi mt phng ( ) SAB mt gc . Tnh th tch khi chp . S ABCD .
Cu V (1,0 im)
Cho , , a b c l ba s dng tha mn
3
4
a b c + + = . Chng minh rng:
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98
3 3 3
3 3 3 3 a b b c c a + + + + + s .
Du = xy ra khi no?
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho parabol ( )
2
: P y x = v im ( ) 0; 2 I . Tm ta
hai im , A B thuc ( ) P sao cho 4 0 IA IB =
, , ,
.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho mt phng ( )
2
: 2 2 3 0 P x y m m + = v mt cu
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
: 1 1 1 9 S x y z + + + = . Tm m mt phng ( ) P tip xc vi mt cu ( ) S .
Vi m tm c, hy xc nh ta tip im ca mt phng (P) v mt cu (S).
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Cho , , , A B C D l bn im trong mt phng phc theo th t biu din cc s
( ) ( )
4 3 3 ; 2 3 3 ; 1 3 ; 3 i i i i + + + + + + . Chng minh rng bn im , , , A B C D cng nm
trn mt ng trn.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho im ( ) 5; 0 B . im A nm trn gc phn t th nht sao cho
tam gic OAB vung ti A v ng trn ni tip c bn knh 1 r = . Tm ta nh A.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai mt cu ( )
2 2 2
1
: 2 4 2 30 0 S x y z x y z + + + =
( )
2 2 2
2
: 6 8 16 0 S x y z x y + + + = . Chng t rng hai mt cu ( )
1
S v ( )
2
S tip xc
trong vi nhau. Vit phng trnh tip din chung ca chng.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
3 3
log log
2
2012 2003 2012 2003
3
x x
x + >
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. ng thng MN qua ( ) 3; 0 M , nhn ( ) 2; 1 MN =
,
phng trnh:
3
2 3 0
2 1
x y
x y
+
= + + =
.
Gi ( ) 2 3; I a a MN e .
Gi d l ng thng i qua ( ) 2 3; I a a v vung gc vi MN. Khi ta c phng
trnh ca d l: ( ) ( ) 2 2 3 1 2 5 6 x a y a y x a + + = + + .
Honh cc giao im , A B ca (C) v d l nghim ca phng trnh:
( )
2
1
2 4
2 5 6
1 2 4 2 5 6 2 5 6
x
x
x a
x x x a x x a
=

= + +

+ = + + + + +

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99

( )
2
1
2 5 6 5 10 0
x
x a x a
=

+ + + + =
.
, A B i xng nhau qua MN I l trung im ca AB .
Khi :
5 6 5 6
2 3 2 3 2
2 4 4
A B
I
x x a a
x a a a
+ + +
= = + = = .
Suy ra phng trnh ng thng : 2 4 d y x = . Do : ( ) ( ) 2; 0 , 0; 4 A B .

Cu II

2
1 os2 1 3 7
4 os2 os4 os
2 2 4 2
c x x
c x c x c
+ | |
+ =
|
\ .

2
1 3 7
1 2cos 2 os 2 cos 2 os4 os
2 4 2
x
x c x x c x c + + + =
1 os4 1 3 7 3
1 os os4 os os2 os 2
2 2 4 2 4
c x x x
c x c x c c x c
+
+ + + = + =
( )
os2 1
8
8 3
os 1
3 4
x k c x
x m m
x
x l c
= =

= e

= =

Z .
2. t 1, 1 u x v y = = . H phng trnh cho thnh:
2
2
1 2011
1 2011
v
u
u u
v v
+ + =
+ + =
.
Xt hm s: ( )
2
1 f t t t = + + .
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2
2 2
1
0
1 1
t t
t t
f t t f t
t t
+
+ +
' = > > e
+ +
R lun ng bin trn R.
+ Nu u v > th ( ) ( ) f u f v > suy ra: 2011 2011
v u
v u > > ( V l).
+ Nu u v < th lp lun tng t nh trn ta cng ch ra c iu v l.
Suy ra: u v = .
Xt phng trnh:
2
1 2011
u
u u + + = . Ta c:
2
1
2011
1
u
u u
=
+
.
Do :
2
2
1 2011
1 2011
u
u
u u
u u
+ =
+ + =

Tr v theo v ta c: 2 2011 2011 2011 2011 2 0
u u u u
u u

= = .
Xt hm s ( ) 2011 2011 2
u u
g u u
= .
Ta c: ( ) 2011 ln 2011 3 ln 2011 2
u u
g u

' = +
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100

( )
ln 2011. 2011 2011 2 2ln 2011 2 0
u u
u
= + > > eR
Suy ra ( ) g u lun ng bin trn R. Vy 0 u = l nghim duy nht ca phng trnh
( ) 0 g u = .
Kt lun: h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht ( ) ( ) ; 1;1 x y = .
Cu III
Ta c:
( )
( )
( )
2012 2012 2012
2 2 2 2 2
2011
2012 2012 2012
1 1 1 1 1
1 1
1
2012 1 1
1
x x d x
dx x dx
I dx dx
x x x x
x x
+ +
= = =
+ +
+
} } } } }

( )
2012
2
2
2012
1
1
2 1
ln
2
1
ln ln 1 ln 2
2012 2012
x x
| |
+
|
\ .
= + = .

Cu IV
Ta c:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
SAB ABCD
SAD ABCD SA ABCD
SA SAB SAD

.
( )
BC AB
BC SAB SB
BC SA

l hnh chiu
ca SC trn mt phng ( )

SAB BSC = l gc
gia SC v ( ) SAB .
Trong tam gic vung SBC ta c:
sin sin BC SC a = = ;
cos cos SB SC a = = .
Trong tam gic vung ABC ta c:
cot sin cot AB BC a = = .
Trong tam gic vung SAB ta c:
2 2 2 2
sin cot cot SA SB AB a = = .
Din tch hnh ch nht ABCD l:
2 2
. sin cot
ABCD
S AB BC a = = .
Th tch khi chp . S ABCD l:
3 3 2 2
1 1
. sin cot cot cot
3 3
ABCD
V S SA a = = .
Cu V
p dng bt ng thc Cauchy cho ba s dng 3 ; 1; 1 a b + ta c:
( )
3
3 1 1 3 2
3 .1.1
3 3
a b a b
a b
+ + + + +
+ s = .
Tng t:
3 3
3 2 3 2
3 , 3
3 3
b c c a
b c c a
+ + + +
+ s + s .
Cng v theo v ba bt ng thc trn ta thu c:
a
S
A
B C
D
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101
( )
3 3 3
4 4 3
3 3 3 2 . 2 3
3 3 4
a b b c c a a b c + + + + + s + + + = + = .
Du = xy ra khi v ch khi
3
1
4
4
3 3 3 1
a b c
a b c
a b b c c a
+ + =
= = =
+ = + = + =
.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Ta c: ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
, ; , ; , A B P A a a B b b a b e = .

( )
2
IA ; 2 a a =
,
,
( )
2
; 2 IB b b =
,

( )
2 2
2 2 2 2
4 0 4 0 4 0
4 0
2 4 2 0 4 6 0 4 6
a b a b a b
IA IB
a b a b a b
= = =
=

= + = =

, , ,

( )
2
2
4 6 4 0
4 6
b b
a b
2
2
1
1
12 48 36 0
3
6 4 6
4 6
3
a
b
b
b b
b
a a b
a b
b
=
=
=
+ =

=

= =

=

=

Vy ( ) ( ) 4; 2 , 1;1 A B hoc ( ) ( ) 36; 6 , 9; 3 A B .

2. Mt cu (S) c tm ( ) 1; 1;1 I v bn knh 3 R = .
(P) tip xc vi (S) ( ) ( )
( )
2
2
2 2 2
2.1 2. 1 1.1 3
; 3 3 3 1 9
2 2 1
m m
d I P m m
+ +
= = + =
+ +

2 2
2 2
3 1 9 3 10 0 2
5
3 1 9 3 8 0
m m m m m
m
m m m m

+ = + = =

=
+ = + + =

.
Mt phng (P) c vecto php tuyn l: ( ) 2; 2;1 n =
,
.
ng thng d i qua I v vung gc vi (P) nn c phng trnh l:
1 2
1 2
1
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +
= +
.
Ta tip im ca (P) v (S) ng vi tham s t l nghim ca phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( ) 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 10 0 1 t t t t + + + + + = = ta tip im l ( ) 3;1; 2 .
Cu VIIa
Bn im cho c cc ta nh sau:
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) 4;3 3 , 2;3 3 , 1;3 , 3;1 A B D + +
Gi ( ) 3; 3 I l mt im xc nh. Ta c: 2 IA IB IC ID = = = = t gic ABCD ni tip
trong ng trn tm ( ) 3; 3 I , bn knh 2 R = .
Cu VIb
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102
1. Gi I l tm ng trn ni tip tam gic OAB.
T gi thit suy ra: ( ) ;1 I t , 0 t > .
Phng trnh ng thng OA l: ( ) 0 0 y kx kx y k = = > .
ng thng AB qua ( ) 5; 0 B v vung gc vi OA nn c phng trnh: 5 0 x ky + = .
Phng trnh cc ng phn gic trong gc A ca tam gic OAB l:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
2 2
2
: 1 1 5 0
5
: 1 1 5 0
1 1
l k x k y
kx y x ky
l k x k y
k k
+ + =
+
=

+ + =
+ +

.
Xt ( ) ( )
1
: 1 1 5 0 l k x k y + + = .
Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 1 5 1 1 5 25 0
O O B B
k x k y k x k y k + + + + = > ( (

. Suy ra , O B nm
cng pha i vi
1
l . Do
1
l l phn gic ngoi ca gc A.
Vy phng trnh ng phn gic trong l ca gc A l: ( ) ( ) 1 1 5 0 k x k y + + = .
( )
6 6
;1 ;1
1 1
k k
I a l a I
k k
| |
e =
|
+ +
\ .
.
Ta c: ( )
2 2
2
6
1
1
, 1 1 5 1 1 1
1
k
k
k
d I OA k k k k
k

+
= = + = + +
+
.
Gii phng trnh ny, ta tm c:
4
3
3
4
k
k
.
+ Vi
4
3
k = ta c: : 4 3 0; : 3 4 15 0 OA x y AB x y = + = . Ta im A l nghim ca
h phng trnh:
9
4 3 0
9 12
5
;
3 4 15 0 12 5 5
5
x
x y
A
x y
y
= | |

|
+ =
\ .
.
+ Vi
3
4
k = ta c: : 3 4 0, : 4 3 20 0 OA x y AB x y = + = . Ta im A l nghim ca h
phng trnh:
16
3 4 0
16 12
5
;
4 3 20 0 12 5 5
5
x
x y
A
x y
y
= | |

|
+ =
\ .
.
Vy
9 12
;
5 5
A
| |
|
\ .
hoc
16 12
;
5 5
A
| |
|
\ .
.
2. Mt cu ( )
1
S c tm ( )
1
1; 2; 1 I , bn knh
1
6 R =
Mt cu ( )
2
S c tm ( )
2
3; 4; 0 I , bn knh
2
3 R = .
V
1 2 1 2
I I R R = nn hai mt cu ( )
1
S v ( )
2
S tip xc vi nhau.
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103
Gi A l tip im ca ( )
1
S v ( )
2
S , ta c: ( )
1 2
2 5; 6;1 AI AI A =
, ,
.
Gi ( ) l tip din ca ( )
1
S v ( )
2
S ti A. Khi ( ) c vecto php tuyn l
( )
1 2
2; 2;1 I I =
,
. Vy phng trnh ca ( ) l:
( ) ( ) ( ) 2 5 2 6 1 1 0 2 2 23 0 x y z x y z + + = + + = .
Cu VIIb
iu kin: 0 x > .
Vi iu kin trn, bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( ) ( )
3 3
3
log log
log
2
2012 2003 2012 2003 .3
3
x x
x
+ >
3 3
log log
2012 2003 2012 2003 2
3 3 3
x x
| | | |
+
>
| |
| |
\ . \ .

t
3
log
2012 2003
, 0
3
x
t t
| |
+
= >
|
|
\ .
.
Bt phng trnh trn thnh:
2
1
1 2
3 2 1 0 3
3
1
t
t t t
t
t
> >

>
. Kt hp vi 0 t > ta
thu c: 1 t > .
Khi :
3
log
3
2012 2003
1 log 0 1
3
x
x x
| |
+
> > >
|
|
\ .
.
Vy tp hp nghim ca bt phng trnh cho l: | ) 1; S = + .

17

2
2
x
y
x
=
c th ( ) C .
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C), bit tip tuyn ct Ox, Oy ln lt ti , A B m
tam gic OAB tha mn 2 AB OA = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
2
tan tan 2
sin
tan 1 2 4
x x
x
x
+ | |
= +
|
+
\ .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )( )
2
2 2
5 4 4
5 4 16 8 16 0
y x x
y x xy x y
= +
+ + =
.

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104
Cu III (1,0 im).
Tnh tch phn:
( )
3ln 2
2
3
0
2
x
dx
I
e
=
+
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh ch nht, ( ) ( ) SAB ABCD v SCD A u
cnh a , gc gia hai mt phng ( ) SCD v ( ) ABCD bng . Tnh th tch khi chp theo
a v . Tm th tch ln nht.
Cu V (1,0 im)
Cho s nguyn n ( ) 2 n > v hai s thc khng m , x y .
Chng minh
1 1 1 n n n n n n
x y x y
+ + +
+ > + . Du = xy ra khi no?
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho ng trn ( ) ( )
2
2
: 4 4 C x y + = v im
( ) 4;1 E . Tm ta cc im M trn trc tung sao cho t M k c hai tip tuyn
, MA MB n ng trn ( ) C vi , A B l cc tip im sao cho ng thng AB i qua
im E .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) 1; 1;1 A v hai ng thng:
1 2
1 1 4
: , :
1 2 3 1 2 5
x y z x y z
d d
+
= = = =
.
Chng minh rng hai ng thng
1 2
, d d v im A cng nm trong mt mt phng.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
log log
2 2 3
y x
x y
xy y
+ =
.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 12 4 36 0 C x y x y + + = . Vit phng
trnh ng trn ( ) C' tip xc vi hai trc ta Ox, Oy ng thi tip xc ngoi vi
ng trn ( ) C .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) ( ) ( ) 2; 0; 0 , 2; 2; 0 , 0; 0; A B S m . Gi H l hnh chiu
vung gc ca gc ta O trn ng thng SA. Chng minh rng vi mi 0 m > din
tch tam gic OBH nh hn 3.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Chng minh rng vi mi s phc z, t nht mt trong hai bt ng thc sau xy ra:
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105
1
1
2
z + > hoc
2
1 1 z + > .
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Cch 1:
Gi ( )
0
0 0
0
2
; , 2
2
x
M x C x
x
| |
e =
|
\ .
. Phng trnh tip tuyn d ti M c dng:
( )
( )
0
0
2
0
0
2 4
2
2
x
y x x
x
x
= +
.
Do , d Ox A d Oy = v tam gic OAB c 2 AB OA = nn tam gic OAB vung cn
ti . O Suy ra: d vung gc vi mt trong hai ng phn gic: y x = hoc y x = .
+ Trng hp 1: d vung gc vi y x = .
Ta c:
( )
( )
2 0 2
0 0 0
2
0
0
0
4
1 2 4 4 0
4
2
x
x x x
x
x
=
= = =

=

Vi
0
0 x y x = = ( loi)
Vi
0
4 8 x y x = = +
+ Trng hp 2: d vung gc vi y x = .
Ta c:
( )
( ) ( )
2
0
2
0
4
1 1 1 4
2
x
x
= =
( loi).
Vy c mt tip tuyn tha mn yu cu bi ton: : 8 d y x = + .
Cch 2:
V tam gic OAB vung ti O nn

0
1
sin 45
2
OA
ABO ABO
AB
= = =
tam gic OAB vung cn ti O.
Phng trnh tip tuyn d vi ( ) C ti im ( )
0
0
0
2
;
2
x
M x C
x
| |
e
|
\ .
c dng:
( )
( )
0
0
2
0
0
2 4
2
2
x
y x x
x
x
= +
.
Suy ra:
( )
2 2
0 0
2
0
2
; 0 , 0;
2
2
x x
d Ox A d Oy B
x
| |
| |
| = =
|
|
\ .
\ .
.
V OA OB = nn
( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 0 2 2 3 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
2
0
0
0
2
2 4 4 0
4 2
2
x
x x
x x x x x
x
x
=
= = =

=

.
Vi
0
0 x y x = = ( loi).
Vi
0
4 8 x y x = = + .
Vy c mt tip tuyn tha mn yu cu bi ton: : 8 d y x = + .
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106

Cu II
1. iu kin: ( ) os 0 ,
2
c x x k k
= = + eZ .
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
1
tan tan os sin os
2
1
sin sin os sin os
2
x x c x x c x
x xc x x c x
+ = +
+ = +

( )
2
2sin sin 2 sin os 2sin sin os sin os x x x c x x x c x x c x + = + + = +
( ) ( )
sin os 0
sin os 2sin 1 0
2sin 1 0
x c x
x c x x
x
+ =
+ =

=

tan 1
1
sin
2
x
x
=
( )
4
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x k k
x k
= +
= + e
= +
Z
2. Ta c: ( )
2 2 2 2
5 4 16 8 16 0 4 8 5 16 16 0 y x xy x y y x y x x + + = + + + = . Xem y
l mt phng trnh bc hai theo n y ( tham s x ).
Ta c:
2
9x ' A = , t :
5 4
4
y x
y x
= +
= +
.
+ Vi 5 4 y x = + , thay vo phng trnh th nht ca h ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
0 4
5 4 5 4 4 6 5 4 0
5
0
4
x y
x x x x x
x y
= =
+ = + + =

= =
.
+ Vi 4 y x = + , thay vo phng trnh th nht ca h phng trnh ta c:
( ) ( )( ) ( )
2
0 4
4 5 4 4 6 4 0
4 0
x y
x x x x x
x y
= =
+ = + =

= =
.
Vy tp hp nghim ca h phng trnh cho l: ( ) ( )
4
0; 4 ; 4;0 ; ;0
5
S
| |
=
`
|
\ . )
.
Cu III
Ta c:
3ln 2
3
2
0
3 3
2
x
x x
e dx
I
e e
=
| |
+ |
|
\ .
}
.
t
3 3 3
1
3
3
x x x
t e dt e dx e dx dt = = = .
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107
i cn: 0 1; 3ln 2 2 x t x t = = = = .
Khi :
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
1 1
3 1 1 1
3
4 4 1
1 2 1
dt
I dt
t t
t t t
| |
| = =
|
+
+ +
\ .
} }

=
( )
2
1
1 1 1 3 1
3 ln ln 1 ln 2
4 4 2 1 4 8
t t
t
| |
+ + =
|
|
+
\ .
.

Cu IV
Ta c:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
SAB ABCD
AB SAB ABCD
SH ABCD
SH AB
SH SAB

K ( ) HM CD CD SHM
CD SM SMH = l gc gia ( ) SCD

v y.
Do SCD A u nn M l trung im ca CD
v H l trung im ca AB .
Ta c:
3 3
sin sin
2 2
a a
SM SH SM = = = ,
3
cos os
2
a
HM AD SM c = = = .
Vy
3 3
.
1 1
. . . sin os sin 2
3 3 4 8
S ABCD ABCD
a a
V S SH ADCD SH c = = = = .
Ta c:
3
.
sin 2 1
8
S ABCD
a
V s s .
3
0
S.ABCD
axV sin 2 1 45
8
a
M = = = .
Cu V
+ Nu 0 x = hoc 0 y = th bt ng thc lun ng.
+ Xt trng hp 0, 0 x y > > .
Vai tr ca , x y nh nhau trong bt ng thc cn chng minh nn khng gim tnh
tng qut c th gi s x y > .
Bt ng thc cho tng ng vi:

1 1
1
1
1 1 1 1 1
n n n n
n n
n n
n n
y y y y
x x
x x x x
+ +
+
+
+
| | | |
| | | | | | | |
+ > + + > + | |
| | | |
| |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
\ . \ .

1
1
1 1
n n
n n
y y
x x
+
+
| | | |
| | | |
+ > + | |
| |
| |
\ . \ .
\ . \ .
.
a
1
S
H
A
B
C
D
M
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108
Ta c:
1
0 1 0
n n
y y y
x x x
+
| | | |
< s < >
| |
\ . \ .
.
Suy ra:
1
1
1 1 1 1 1
n n n n
n n n n n
y y y y y
x x x x x
+
+
| | ( ( ( (
| | | | | | | | | |
+ = + + > + > + | ( ( ( (
| | | | |
|
\ . \ . \ . \ . \ .
( ( ( (
\ .
.
Trong trng hp , 0 x y > , bt ng thc khng c du = xy ra. Vy du = ch xy ra
khi 0 x = hoc 0 y = .
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
Gi ( ) ( ) ; , ;
A A B B
A x y B x y l ta cc tip im.
Phng trnh tip tuyn MA: ( )( ) 4 4 0
A A
x x y y + = . V tip tuyn ny i qua
( ) 0; M m Oy e nn
4 12 4 12
;
A A
A A
x x
y A x
m m
| |
=
|
\ .
.
Tng t nh trn ta cng tm c:
4 12
;
B
B
x
B x
m
| |
|
\ .
.
Phng trnh ng thng AB:
( )
( )
4 12
4 12 4
4
4
A
A A
A
B A
B A
x
y
x x x m
y x
x x m m
x x
m
| |
|

\ .
= =
.
V E AB e nn ( )
4 12 4
1
A
A
x
x x
m m
= . Gii phng trnh ny tm c 4 m = .

Vy 4 m = l gi tr cn tm tha mn yu cu bi ton.
2. ng thng
1
d qua ( ) 0; 1; 0 B nhn ( )
1
1; 2;3 u =
,
lm vecto ch phng.
ng thng
2
d qua ( ) 0;1; 4 C nhn ( )
2
1; 2;5 u =
,
lm vecto ch phng.
Ta c:
1 2
; 0 u u BC
(
=

, , ,
nn
1 2
, d d ng phng.
D dng lp c phng trnh mt phng ( ) cha ng thng
1 2
, d d nh sau:
2 2 0 x y z + + = .
R rng: ( ) A e .
Vy hai ng thng
1 2
, d d v im A cng nm trong mt mt phng.
Cu VIIa
iu kin: 0 , 1 x y < = .
Vi iu kin trn h phng trnh cho tng ng vi:

( ) ( )
( )
1 1
1 1
log 1
log log log 1 log
2 log
2 2
2 2 3 2 2 3
2 2 3
y
y x y x
y
x y x y
x y
x
xy y x y
x

+ =
= + =

+ = + =
+ =

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109
( )
( )
2
y
2
2

log 1
2 2 3
log og 2 0 1
log 2
1
2 2 3

2 2 3
2 2 3
2 2 3
x y
y
y
y
x y
x y
x y
x y
x y
I x y
x
x l x
x x
y
x
y II
=
=
=
+ =

+ =

= =

+ =

+ =

+ =

+ =

.
Gii h ( ) I ta thu c:
2
3
og
2
x y l = = .
Gii h ( ) II :
Xt phng trnh: ( )
2
1
2 2 3 0 1
y y
y + = < = .
+ Nu 1 y > th
2
2
1
1
0
2 2
2 2 3
2 2 1
y
y y
y
>
+ >
> =
( V l).
+ Nu 0 1 y < < th
2
2
y
1
1
1
2 1
2 2 3
2 2
y y
y
>
+ >
>
( V l).
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht:
2
3
log
2
x y = = .
Cu VIb
Gi ( ) ; , J a b R' ln lt l tm, bn knh ca ng trn ( ) C' .
Khi phng trnh ng trn ( ) C' c dng: ( ) ( )
2 2
2
x a y b R' + = .
V ( ) C' tip xc vi Ox,Oy nn R a b ' = =
+ Trng hp: b a = .
Ta c: ( ) ; J a a , R a ' = .
( ) C' tip xc ngoi vi
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2
6 2 2 6 2 4 4 C IJ R R a a a a a a a ' = + + = + + = + +

2
16 4 36 0 a a a + = .
Nu 0 a < th phng trnh thnh:
2
12 36 0 6 a a a + = = (loi)
Nu 0 a > th phng trnh thnh:
2
2
20 36 0
18
a
a a
a
=
+ =

=

Vi 2 a = ta c phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 2 2 4 C x y ' + =
Vi 18 a = ta c phng trnh ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
: 18 18 18 C x y ' + = .
+ Trng hp b a = .
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110
Gii tng t nh trng hp ta tm c ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 6 6 36 C x y ' + + = .

2.
Cch 1: ng thng SA qua ( ) 2; 0; 0 A nhn ( ) 2; 0; SA m =
,
lm vecto ch phng nn
c phng trnh:
2 2
0
x t
y
z mt
= +
( ) t eR .
( ) ( ) 2 2 ; 0; 2 2 ; 0; H SA H t mt OH t mt e + = +
,
.
H l hnh chiu ca O ln SA . 0 OH SA OH SA =
, ,

( ) ( )
( )
2
2
4
2 2 .2 0.0 . 0 4 4 0
4
t mt m m t t
m
+ + = + + = =
+
.
2; 2; 0
2
2 2
2 4
;0;
4 4
m m
H
m m
| |
|
+ +
\ .

Ta c: ( ) 2; 2; 0 OB =
,
.
Suy ra:
2
2 2
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
0 2 2 2
2 0
8 8 4
; ; ; ; ;
4
4 2 2
0 4 4 4 0
4
4 4 4
m m m
OB OH
m
m m m
m m m
m
m m m
| |
| |
|
(
= =
|
|
+ + +
\ . |
+
+ + +
\ .
, ,

Do :
2
2 2
2
2 2 2
1 1 8 8 4
;
2 2 4 4 4
OBH
m m m
S OB OH
m m m
A
| |
| | | |
(
= = + +
| | |

+ + + \ . \ .
\ .
, ,

=
( )
4 2 2
2 2
2
1 16 128 2 8
.
2 4
4
m m m m
m
m
+ +
=
+
+
.
Xt hm s: ( )
2
2
2 8
4
m m
f m
m
+
=
+
, ( ) 0; me +
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
86 32
0 0;
8 8
m
f m m
m m
+
' = > e +
+ +

( ) f m ng bin trn ( ) 0; +
( ) ( ) lim
m
f m f m
+
< =2 < 3.
Vy 3
OBH
S
A
< .
Cch 2:
Ta c: 2 OH OA < = ; ( ) ; 8 d B OH OB s =
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111
Suy ra: ( )
1 1
. ; .2. 8 8 3
2 2
OBH
S OH d B OH = < = <

Cu VIIb
Gi s ng thi
1
1
2
z + < v
2
1 1 z + < .
t ( ) , z a bi a b = + eR .
Ta c:
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2
2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1
2 4 1 0
1
2
2 0
1 4 1
a b a
a b
a b a b
a b a b

+ + + <
+ + <

+ + <
+ + <

( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2 1 0 a b a + + + < ( V l).
Vy ta c iu phi chng minh.

18

Cu I (2,0 im) . Cho hm s: ( )
3
1
m
y x mx m C = + c th ( ) C .
2. Tm m tip tuyn ca th hm s cho ti im c honh
0
1 x = ct ng
trn ( ) C : ( ) ( )
2 2
2 3 4 x y + = theo mt dy cung c di nh nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
sin 2 os4
2 2 sin 3
sin3 os3 4
x c x
x
x c x
+ | | | |
= + +
| |
+
\ . \ .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
( )
4 3 2 2
2
4 2 2 2
6 12 6
5 1 11 5
x x x y y x
x x y x
+ =

Cu III (1,0 im).
Tnh tch phn:
( )
2
3
1
ln ln
ln 1
e
x x
I dx
x x
+
=
+ +
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Trong mt phng (P) cho ng thng A v mt im A khng thuc A. Trn
ng thng vung gc vi (P) ti A, ly im S c nh khc A. Gc
0
90 xAy = xoay
quanh A; hai tia Ax, Ay ct A ti , B C . Cho SA h = v khong cch t A n A bng
a . Tnh theo h v a th tch nh nht ca khi chp . S ABC .
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112
Cu V (1,0 im)
Cho , , 0 x y z > thay i. Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc:
2 2 2
3 3 3
x y z
Q
x yz y zx z xy
= + +
+ + +
.
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho elip ( )
2 2
: 1
9 4
x y
E + = v ng thng
: 1 0
m
d x my + = v im ( ) 1; 0 C . Chng minh rng
m
d lun ct ( ) E ti hai im phn
bit , A B. Tm m ABC . c din tch ln nht.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho t din ABCD vi ( ) ( ) ( ) 0; 0; 2 , 0; 2; 0 , 2; 0; 0 A B C ,
( ) 2; 2; 2 D . Tm cc im c ta nguyn nm trong t din.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Tm s phc z tha mn ng thi hai iu kin sau:
1 2 3 4 z i z i + = + + v
2 z i
z i
+
l mt s o.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
2 2
: 2 3 0 C x y x + = . Gi , B C l giao im
ca ng thng vi ng trn ( ) C . Hy tm cc im A trn ng trn ( ) C sao cho
ABC . c chu vi ln nht.
2 2 2
: 4 4 2 7 0 S x y z x y z + + + = v ng
thng
m
d l giao tuyn ca hai mt phng: ( ) ( ) : 1 2 4 4 0 x m y mz + + = v
( ) ( ) : 2 2 1 8 0 x my m z + + = . Chng minh rng cc giao im ca
m
d v ( ) S nm trn
mt ng trn c nh khi m thay i. Hy tm ta tm v bn knh ca ng trn .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Tm m phng trnh:
( )
2 2 2 2
27 1
3
3log 2 2 4 log 2 0 x x m m x mx m + + + = c hai
nghim
1 2
, x x sao cho
2 2
1 2
1 x x + > .
BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c:
2
3 y x m ' =
Cch 1:
Phng trnh tip tuyn A ti im nm trn ( )
m
C c honh
0
1 x = l:
( )( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) 1 1 1 3 1 2 2 3 1 0 y y x y y m x m m x y m ' = + + = + + + + = .
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113
ng trn ( ) C c tm ( ) 2; 3 I , bn knh 2 R = .
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2 2 2
3 .2 3 1 3 1 2. 3 1
, 2
3 1 3 1 3 1
m m m m
d I
m m m
+ + + +
A = = s =
+ + +
.
Du = xy ra 3 1 2 m m = =
A ct ( ) C ti hai im , A B sao cho dy cung AB c di nh nht ( ) , d I A ln
nht. Khi 2 m = ng vi tip tuyn : d 3 0 x y + = .
Cch 2:
Ging nh cch 1 ta lp c phng trnh tip tuyn A im nm trn ( )
m
C c
honh
0
1 x = l: ( ) 3 1 0 m x y m + + = .
D dng tm c im c nh m tip tuyn lun i qua l: ( ) 1; 4 M .
R rng: 2 2 IM R = < = nn suy ra M nm trong ng trn ( ) C .
H IH A. Gi s A ct ( )
m
C theo dy cung AB , khi :
2 2
2 2 AB AH R IH = =
AB nh nht IH ln nht H M A nhn ( ) 1;1 IM =
,
lm vecto php tuyn.
T suy ra: 2 m = ng vi phng trnh tip tuyn : 3 0 x y A + = .
Cu II
1. iu kin: ( ) cos3 sin3 0 tan3 1
12 3
x x x x k k

+ = = = + eZ .
Ta c: sin 2 cos 4 os 2 cos 4 2cos 3 os
2 4 4
x x c x x x c x
| | | | | |
+ = + = +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

sin3 os3 2 os 3
4
x c x c x
| |
+ =
|
\ .

Suy ra:
sin 2 os4
2 os
sin3 os3 4
x c x
c x
x c x
+ | |
= +
|
+
\ .
.
Phng trnh cho thnh:
2 2
2cos 2 2 sin 2 2 1 sin 2 2 sin 2
4 4 4 4
x x x x
( | | | | | | | |
+ = + + + = + +
| | | | (
\ . \ . \ . \ .

2
2 1
sin 2 sin 0 sin 2
4 4 4 2
2
x k
x x x
x k
= +
| | | | | |

+ + + = + =
| | |

\ . \ . \ .
= +
( ) k eZ .
2.
+ Xt 0 x = , h phng trnh cho thnh:
2
0 6
5 y
=
( v l)
+ Chia v theo v ca tng phng trnh trong h cho
2
0 x > ta c:
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114
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
1 6 1 1
6 12 6 12 0
1 5 1 1
5 11 5 11 0
x x y y x x y y
x x x x
x x y x x y
x x x x
| | | | | |
= + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

| | | | | |
= + =
| | |

\ . \ . \ .
.
t
2 2
2
1 1
2 t x x t
x x
= + = + .
H phng trnh thnh:
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
6 2 12 0
6 0
5 1 0 5 2 11 0
t ty y
t ty y
t t y t t y
+ =

=

= + =

+ Xt 0 t = , h phng trnh thnh:
0
1 0
y =
( v l).
+ Chia v theo v ca tng phng trnh trong h cho
2
0 t > ta c:
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2 2
1
6
6 0 6
1 1
1
5 0 5
2. 5
y
y y y y
y
t t
t t t t
y
y y
y
t t t t
| |

+ =
| = + =

\ .

| |
= + =
+ =
|

\ .

t:
1
;
y
a y b
t t
= + =
H phng trnh thnh:
2
2
2
5
6
6
2
2 5
5
2
a
a
ab
a b
a
b

=

=

3
2
5 12 0
5
2
a a
a
b
( )
( )
2
2
3 3 4 0
3
5
2
2
a a a
a
a
b
b
+ + =
=

Khi :
2
1
1
1
2 1 3
2 3 2 3 1 0 1
1
2 2
2 2
2
2
1
t
t
y
y
t t t
t
t t
y
y t t
y t
t y t
y
=
=
=
+ =

+ = + =
=

= =

= =

=

* Vi 1 t = ta c:
2
1 1 5
1 1 0
2
x x x x
x
= = = .
* Vi
1
2
t = ta c:
2
1 1 1 17
2 2 0
2 4
x x x x
x
= = = .
Vy tp hp nghim ca h phng trnh cho l:
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115
1 5 1 5 1 17 1 17
; 2 , ; 2 , ;1 , ;1
2 2 4 4
S
| | | | | | | |
+ +
=
| | | | `
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ . )
.
Cu III
Ta c:
( )
( )
( )
2
3 3
1 1
ln
ln ln 1 ln 1
ln 1
1
ln 1
e e
x
x x x
I dx dx
x x x
x
+ +
= =
+ + | |
+
|
+
\ .
} }
.
t
( )
2
ln
ln 1
ln 1
x x
t dt dx
x
x
= =
+
+
.
i cn: 0 0;
2
e
x t x e t = = = = .
Khi :
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
3 2 2 2
0
1
1 1 1 1 2
8 8
1 2 1 2
2 1
2
e e
dt
I
t t e e
= = = + =
+ + + | |
+
|
\ .
}
.
Cu IV
Trong ABC . k ng cao AH .
Khi ( ) ; . AH d A a = A =
Th tch khi chp . S ABC l:
.
1 1
. .
3 3
S ABC ABC ABC
V S SA S h = =
. .
.
Trong ABC . vung ti A ta c:
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 2
. a AH AB AC AB AC
= = + >
( bt ng thc Cauchy)
Suy ra:
2 2
.
1 1
.
2 3
ABC S ABC
S AB AC a V a h = > >
.
.
Du = xy ra khi
2
2
a
AB AC = = .
Vy
2
.
min
3
S ABC
a h
V = khi
2
2
a
AB AC = = .
Cu V
t
2 2 2
z
, , 1
y zx xy
A B C ABC
x y z
= = = = .
Khi :
1 1 1
3 3 3
Q
A B C
= + +
+ + +
.
1 1 1 1 1
2 .
3 4 3 4 3 A A A
+ > =
+ + +

h
S
a
A
B
C
H
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116
Tng t :
1 1 1 1 1 1
,
3 4 3 4 3 3 B C B C
+ > + >
+ + + +

Cng v theo v ba bt ng thc ny, ta thu c:
1 1 1 3
3 3 3 4
Q
A B C
s + + +
+ + +
.
Ta s chng minh ( )
1 1 1 3
*
3 3 3 4 A B C
+ + s
+ + +
.
Tht vy
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )( ) * 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 B C A C A B A B C + + + + + + + + s + + + (

( ) ( ) 3 5 24 A B C AB BC CA + + + + + > ( ng theo bt ng thc Cauchy).
Suy ra:
3
2
Q s .
Vy
3
max
2
Q =

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Xt h phng trnh:
2 2
2 2
4 9 36 0 1
9 4
1
1 0
x y
x y
x my
x my
+ = + =

=

+ =

Suy ra: ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
4 1 9 36 0 4 9 8 32 0 my y m y my + = + = . Phng trnh lun c hai
nghim phn bit v
1 2 2
32
0
4 9
c
P y y
a m
= = = <
+
. Do
m
d lun ct ( ) E ti hai im
phn bit , . A B
Gi s ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
1; , 1; A my y B my y .
( )
2
2 1 2 1
2
1 1 2
. . ; 1
2 2
1
ABC m
S AB d C d y y m y y
m
= = + =
+
.
.
Suy ra: ( )
2
2
1 2 1 2
4
ABC
S y y y y = +
.
(1)
Theo nh l Viet ta c:
1 2 2
1 2 2
8
4 9
32
4 9
m
y y
m
y y
m
+ =
+
(2)
Thay ( ) 2 vo (1) ta c:
( )
( )
2 2 2
2
2
2 2 2 4 2
2
64 128 4 9
8 128 576 1620
4 9 4 9 16 72 81
4 9
ABC
m m
m m
S
m m m m
m
+ +
+ | |
= + = =
|
+ + + +
\ .
+
.

t
2
, 0 t m t = >
Xt hm s: ( )
2
576 1620
16 72 81
t
f t
t t
+
=
+ +
, | ) 0; t e +
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117
Kho st hm ( ) f t tm gi tr ln nht ca hm s ny.
2. Ht sc n gin, ta c th lp c phng trnh ca cc mt t din nh sau:
( ) : 2 0 ABC x y z + + =
( ) : 2 0 ABD x y z + =
( ) : 2 0 ADC x y z + =
( ) : 2 0 BCD x y z + =

( ) ; ; , , M x y z x y z eZ nm trong t din ABCD D v M, C v M, B v M, A v M ln
lt nm cng pha vi cc mt phng ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) , , , ABC ABD ADC BCD

( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2 2 2 2 0 2 1
2 0 0 2 2 0 2 2
0 2 0 2 2 0 2 3
0 0 2 2 2 0 2 4
x y z x y z
x y z x y z
x y z x y z
x y z x y z
+ + + + > + + >

+ + > >

+ + > + <

+ + > + <

Cng v theo v (1) v (2), (3) v (4) ta c: 0 2 x < < . V x eZ nn 1 x = .
Thay 1 x = vo (1), (2) ta c: 1 3 y z < + < (5)
Thay 1 x = vo (3), (4) ta c: 1 1 y z < < (6)
V , y z eZ nn t (5) v (6) ta suy ra:
2
1
0
y z
y z
y z
+ =
= =
.
Vy ( ) 1;1;1 M l im nguyn duy nht nm trong t din ABCD.
Cu VIIa
Ta c: ( )
( ) ( )
( ) 1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 3 4 3 4 z i z i z i z i z i z i + = + + + + + = + + +

( ) ( )
10 z z z z i + + = (1)
V
2 z i
z i
+
l mt s o nn ( )( )
( )( )
2 2
2 2
z i z i
z i z i z i z i
z i z i
+
= = + +
+

( ) ( )
5 2 4 z z z z i + = (2)
T (1) v (2) ta suy ra: ta suy ra:
24
12 23
7
46 7 7
7
z z
z i
z z i
+ =
= +
.

Cu VIb
1. Theo gi thit ton, ta d dng tm c ( ) ( ) 3; 0 , 1; 2 B C .
V , B C c nh nn chu vi ABC . ln nht khi v ch khi AB AC + ln nht.
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118
Ta c:
2 2
2 2
1
2 3 0 1
2 2
x y
x y x
| | | |
+ = + =
| |
\ . \ .
.
t
1
sin
1 2sin
2
2 os
os
2
x
t
x t
y y c t
c t

=
= +

=
, | ) 0; 2 t e .
( ) ( ) 1 2sin ; 2 os A C A t c t e + .
Khi : ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2sin 2 4cos 4sin 2cos 2 AB AC t t t t + = + + +
=
( )
2 2 1 sin 1 os t c t +
s ( )( ) 2 2. 1 1 1 sin 1 os 4 2 2 sin 4 2 2
4
t c t t
| |
+ + = + s +
|
\ .

( Bt ng thc Bunhiacopski)
Du = xy ra
sin os
1 sin 1 os
5
sin t+ 1 4 sin t+ 1
4
4
t c t
t c t
t

= =

=
| |
| |
=
=
|
|
\ . \ .
.
Chu vi ABC . ln nht khi
( )
1 2; 2 A .

2. Cc im trn
m
d c ta tha mn hai phng trnh mt phng ( ) v ( ) .
Do : ( ) ( ) 1 2 4 4 2 2 2 1 8 0 5 2 20 0 x m y mz x my m z x y z + + + + + = + = (

.
Suy ra
m
d lun nm trong mt mt phng c nh khi m thay i.
Vy cc giao im ca h ng thng
m
d vi mt cu ( ) S thuc giao tuyn ca ( ) P v
(S).
(S) c tm ( ) 2; 2;1 I v bn knh 4 R = .
Gi H l hnh chiu ca I trn ( ) P .
Khi : ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
5.2 2 2.1 20 10
, 4
30
5 1 2
IH d I P P
+
= = = <
+ +
ct ( ) S theo giao tuyn l
ng trn tm H , bn knh
2 2
10 38
16
3 5
r R IH = = = .
Gi A l ng thng qua I vung gc vi ( ) P . Do A nhn ( ) 5;1; 2
P
n =
,
lm vecto
ch phng nn c phng trnh:
2 5
2
1 2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

( ) H P = A ta im H ng vi tham s t l nghim ca phng trnh:
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119
( ) ( ) ( )
7 13 23 1
5 2 5 2 2 1 2 20 0 30 14 0 ; ;
15 3 15 15
t t t t t H
| |
+ + + = = =
|
\ .
.
Cu VIIb
Ta c:

( )
2 2 2 2
27 1
3
3log 2 2 4 log 2 0 x x m m x mx m + + + =
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
3 3
log 2 2 4 log 2 x x m m x mx m + = +
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 0
2 2 4 2
x mx m
x x m m x mx m
+ >

+ = +

( )
2 2
2 2
2 0
1 2 2 0
x mx m
x m x m m
+ >

+ + =
2 2
1
2
2 0
1
x mx m
x m
x m
+ >
=

.
Phng trnh cho c hai nghim
1 2
, x x tha mn
2 2
1 2
1 x x + >
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2 .2 2 0
4 0
1 . 1 2 0 2 1 0
5 2 0
2 1 1
m m m m
m
m m m m m m
m m
m m
+ >
>

+ > + >

>
+ >

0
1 0
1
1
2 1
2
5 2
2
0
5
m
m
m
m
m m
=
< <

< <

< <
< v >

19

Cu I (2,0 im) . Cho hm s: ( )
3 2

2
x
y C
x
+
=
+
c th ( ) C .
2. ng thng y x = ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , A B. Tm m ng thng
y x m = + ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , C D sao cho tam gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
( )
2
4
4
2 sin 2 sin3
tan 1
os
x x
x
c x
+ = .
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120
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( ) ( )
2 4 2 2 2 4
2
2 4 2 2
3 2 1 2
1 1 2 2 1 0
x y x y x x y
x y x x x xy
+ + =
+ + + + =
.
Cu III (1,0 im).
Cho ( ) H l hnh gii hn bi th hm s:
2
log
xe
y x = , trc Ox v ng thng
c phng trnh x e = . Tnh th tch vt th trn xoay khi ( ) H quay quanh Ox .
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp t gic u . S ABCD c tt c cc cnh u bng a. Tnh theo a th
tch khi chp . S ABCD v tnh bn knh mt cu tip xc vi tt c cc mt ca hnh chp
.
Cu V (1,0 im)
Cho , , x y z l cc s dng. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 3 3 3 3
3 3 3
2 2 2
4 4 4 2 .
x y z
P x y y z z x
y z x
| |
= + + + + + + + +
|
\ .

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho ng thng ( ) d c phng trnh : 0 x y =
v im (2;1) M . Tm phng trnh ng thng A ct trc honh ti A ct ng thng
( ) d ti B sao cho tam gic AMB vung cn ti M
2. Trong khng gian to cho ng thng d:
3 2 1
2 1 1
x y z + +
= =
v mt phng
(P): 2 0 x y z + + + = . Gi M l giao im ca d v (P). Vit phng trnh ng thng A
nm trong mt phng (P), vung gc vi d ng thi tho mn khong cch t M ti A
bng 42 .
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Trong khai trin sau y c bao nhiu s hng hu t
( )
4
3 5
n
+ bit n tha mn :
1 2 3 2 496
4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1
... 2 1
n
n n n n
C C C C
+ + + +
+ + + + = .

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh
( ) ( )
2 2
1 2 9 x y + + = v ng thng : 0 d x y m + + = . Tm m trn ng thng d c
duy nht mt im A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C)
(B, C l hai tip im) sao cho tam gic ABC vung ti A.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im A(3;2;3) v hai ng thng
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121
1
2 3 3
:
1 1 2
x y z
d

= =
v
2
1 4 3
:
1 2 1
x y z
d

= =
.
Chng minh ng thng d
1
; d
2
v im A cng nm trong mt mt phng. Xc nh to
cc nh B v C ca tam gic ABC bit d
1
cha ng cao BH v d
2
cha ng trung
tuyn CM ca tam gic ABC.

Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii bt phng trnh ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta hai im , A B l nghim ca phng trnh:
2 2
2
2 2
1
3 2
1
2 2
3 2 2 2 0
2
x
x x
x
x
x x
x x
x x x x x
x
=
= = = +
= =

= +
+ = + =
=

.
Do : ( ) ( ) 1; 1 , 2; 2 A B .
Phng trnh honh giao im ca ng thng y x m = + v ( ) C l:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
3 2
2 1 2 2 0 * 3 2 2 2
x x
x
x m
x x m x m x x mx x m
= =
+
= +

+ + + = + = + + +

ng thng y x m = + ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , C D phng trnh (*) c hai
nghim phn bit khc
( ) ( )
( ) ( )( )
2
2
2
1 4 2 2 0
1
10 9 0
2
9
4 0
2 1 2 2 2 0
m m
m
m m
m
m m
A = > < + >

>
=
+ + =
.
Gi ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
; , ; C x m x D x x m + + , vi
1 2
, x x l nghim ca phng trnh ( ) * .
ABCD l hnh bnh hnh
2
0 0 //
18 3 2
m m AB CD
AB CD CD CD
= =

= = =

( ) ( )
2 2
2 1 1 2 1 2
0 0
2 18 4 9
m m
x x x x x x
= =

= + =

( ) ( )
2
0
1 4 2 2 9
m
m m
=

2
0
0
10 0
10 0
10
m
m
m m
m m
m
=
=

= =
=

=

(tha iu kin trn).
Cu II
1. iu kin os 0 sin 1 c x x = = .
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122
( ) ( ) ( )
2
4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
sin os 2 sin 2 sin3 sin os 2sin cos 2 sin 2 sin3 x c x x x x c x x x x x + = + =
( ) ( )( )
2 2 2
1
1 sin 2 2 sin 2 sin3 2 sin 2 1 2sin3 0
2
x x x x x = =
1
sin3
2
x = ( do
2
2 sin 2 1 x x > )
( )
2
3 2
6 18 3

5 5 2
3 2
6 18 3
x k x k
k
x k x k

= + = +

e

= + = +

Z ( tha iu kin ban u).
2. H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2 4 2 2
2
2 4 2 2
4 1 1 2 2
1 1 2 2 1 2
x y y x x
x y x x x xy
= s
+ + = + >
.
Suy ra:
( )
4 2 2
1 2 y x x s
( )
2 4 2 2
2 2 1 x x x xy +
4 2 4 6 4 3 2 2
2 2 2 y x x x x x y x + s + +
( )
2
6 3 2 4 3 2 3 2
2 0 0 x x y y x y x y + = = = (*)
T (*) v du = xy ra bt ng thc trn ta suy ra: 1 x y = = .
Cu III
th hm s
2
log
e x
y x = ct Ox ti im c honh l nghim phng trnh:
2
2
1
0
log 0 1
1
e x
x
x x e
x
< =
= =
.
Gi V l th tch vt trn xoay tha mn yu cu bi ton.
Ta c:
2
2
2
2 2 2 2
1 1 1
2 4 4
log 1 1
ln ln ln
e e e
e x
V xdx dx dx
e x e x e x

| | | |
= = = +
| |
\ . \ .
} } }

= ( )
2 2 2
1 1
1 1
1 4
ln ln
e e
e dx dx
e x e x

| |
+
|
\ .
} }

Xt tch phn:
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
ln ln ln 3 2 ln
e
e e e
x e
I dx dx dx
e x e x e x e x
= = + = +
} } }

Suy ra:
2 2 2
1 1
1 1 1
ln ln 3 2
e e
e
dx dx
e x e x
= +
} }

Do : ( )
1
1 4 1
3 2 3
e e
V e
| | | |
= + + =
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu IV
Gi O l giao im AC v BD ( ) SO ABCD
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123
Ta c:
2
2 2 2
2 2
4 2
a a
SO SA OA a = = = .
2 3
.
1
2
6
ABCD S ABCD
S a V a = = .
Gi M, N l trung im AB v CD v I l
tm ng trn ni tip
tam gic SMN. Ta chng minh I cch
u cc mt ca hnh chp
( )
( )
2
2 3 1
2 2
4
4 3
SMN
a
a
S pr r
a a
A

= = =
+
l bn knh cn tm.
Cu V
Vi , , 0 x y z > ta lun c:
a)
( ) ( )
3
3 3
4 x y x y + > + . Du = xy ra khi v ch khi . x y =
b)
( ) ( )
3
3 3
4 y z y z + > + . Du = xy ra khi v ch khi . y z =
c)
( ) ( )
3
3 3
4 z x z x + > + . Du = xy ra khi v ch khi . z x =
Ta chng minh a). Vic chng minh b) v c) l hon ton tng t nh vic chng minh a).
Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
2 2 2 2
) 4 4 a x y x xy y x y x xy y x y + + > + + > +

( ) ( )
2
2 2
3 2 0 3 0 x y xy x y + > > .
Bt ng thc a) c du = xy ra khi v ch khi x = y.
Khi :
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 2 6 x y y z z x x y z xyz + + + + + > + + > .
Li c:
2 2 2
3
6
2
x y z
y z x xyz
| |
+ + >
|
\ .
. Du = xy ra khi v ch khi . x y z = =
Suy ra:
3
3
1
6 12. P xyz
xyz
| |
> + >
|
|
\ .

Du = xy ra
1
1.
xyz
x y z
x y z
=
= = =
= =

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. A Ox e ( ) ; 0 A a , ( ) ; B d B b b e
(2;1) M ( 2; 1), ( 2; 1) MA a MB b b = =
, ,

Tam gic ABM vung cn ti M nn:
2 2 2
( 2)( 2) ( 1) 0
. 0
( 2) 1 ( 2) ( 1)
a b b
MAMB
MA MB a b b
=

= + = +

, ,
,
N
M
O
A
D
B
C
S
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124
Nhn xt 2 b = khng tha mn h phng trnh ny.
Ta c:
2
2 2 2 2 2
1
2 , 2
1
2 , 2 2
2
1
( 2) 1 ( 2) ( 1) 1 ( 2) ( 1)
2
b
a b
b
a b b
b
b
a b b b b
b

= =

= =

| |

+ = + + = +
|

\ .

2 2
2
2
1
2 , 2
1 2
1
4
( 2) ( 1) . 1 0
( 2)
3
a
b
a b
b b
a
b b
b
b
=
= =

(
=
( + =

(

=

+ Vi
2
1
a
b
=
ng thng A qua A, B c phng trnh 2 0 x y + =

+ Vi
4
3
a
b
=
ng thng Aqua A, B c phng trnh 3 12 0 x y + =

2. Ta c phng trnh tham s ca d l:
3 2
2
1
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

Suy ra: to im M ng vi tham s t l nghim ca phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( ) 3 2 2 1 2 0 1 (1; 3; 0) t t t t M + + + + + = =
Li c VTPT ca(P) l (1;1;1)
P
n
,
, VTCP ca d l (2;1; 1)
d
u
,
.
V A nm trong (P) v vung gc vi d nn VTCP , (2; 3;1)
d P
u u n
A
(
= =

, , ,

Gi ( ) ; ; N x y z l hnh chiu vung gc ca M trn A, khi ( 1; 3; ) MN x y z = +
,
.
Ta c MN
,
vung gc vi u
A
,
nn ta c phng trnh: 2x 3y + z 11 = 0
Li c Ne(P) v MN = 42 nn ta c h:
2 2 2
2 0
2 3 11 0
( 1) ( 3) 42
x y z
x y z
x y z
+ + + =
+ =
+ + + =
.
Gii h phng trnh ny ta tm c hai im N(5; - 2; - 5) v N(- 3; - 4; 5)
Cu VIIa
Ta c: ( )
4 1
0 1 2 2 3 3 4 1 4 1
4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1
1 ...
n
n n
n n n n n
x C C x C x C x C x
+
+ +
+ + + + +
+ = + + + + +
Chn 1 x =
4 1 0 1 2 3 4 1
4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1
2 ...
n n
n n n n n
C C C C C
+ +
+ + + + +
= + + + + +

( )
0 1 2 3 2
4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1
2 ...
n
n n n n n
C C C C C
+ + + + +
= + + + + +
Suy ra
4n
2 =
0 1 2 3 2
4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1
...
n
n n n n n
C C C C C
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
Hay
4 496
2 2 4 496 124.
n
n n = = =
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125
( ) ( ) ( )
124
124 124
124 124
4 4 2 4
124 124
0 0
3 5 3 5 3 5
k k
k k
k k
k k
C C
= =
+ = =

.
Trong khai trin c s hng hu t
124 2
4
0 124
k
k
k

s s
.
.
4 4
0 31
0 124 0 4 124
k k t
t
k t
=
s s

s s s s

.

C 32 gi tr ca t suy ra c 32 gi tr ca k. Vy trong khai trin trn c 32 s hng hu t.
Cu VIb
1. ng trn ( ) C ta c tm I(1;-2), R = 3, t A k c 2 tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng
trn v AC AB => t gic ABIC l hnh vung cnh bng 3 2 3 = IA
=
=
= =
7
5
6 1 2 3
2
1
m
m
m
m

2. d
1
qua M
1
(2;3;3) c vect ch phng (1;1; 2) u =
,

d
2
qua M
2
(1;4;3) c vect ch phng (1; 2;1) v =
,

Ta c
1 2
, 0 , 0 u v va u v M M
( (
= =

,, , , , ,

Gi ( ) P l mt phng cha hai ng thng
1 2
, d d . D dng lp c phng trnh mt
phng ( ) P l: ( ) ( ) 8 0 3; 2; 3 x y z A P + + = e .
( )
1
2 ; 3 ; 3 2 B d B b b b e + + .V M l trung im AB nn
5 5
; ;3
2 2
b b
M b
+ + | |
|
\ .
.
( )
2
1 1; 2; 5 M d b B e =
( )
2
1 ; 4 3 ; 3 C c c c d + + e . Ta c: AC u
, ,
( ) 0 1; 4; 3 c C = .
Vy ta tm c: ( ) ( ) 1; 2; 5 , 1; 4; 3 B C .
Cu VIIb
iu kin :
>
>
0 3 log log
0
2
2
2
2
x x
x

Bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi
2 2
2 2 2
log log 3 5(log 3) x x x > (1)
t t = log
2
x, bt phng trnh (1) thnh:
) 3 ( 5 ) 1 )( 3 ( ) 3 ( 5 3 2
2
> + > t t t t t t
< <
s
< <
s
> +
>
s
4 log 3
1 log
4 3
1
) 3 ( 5 ) 3 )( 1 (
3
1
2
2
2
x
x
t
t
t t t
t
t
< <
s <
16 8
2
1
0
x
x
.
Vy tp hp nghim ca bt phng trnh cho l:
1
(0; ] (8;16)
2
S = .
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126

20

Cu I (2,0 im) . Cho hm s
3 2 3
3 4 y x mx m = + (m l tham s) c th l (C
m
)
1. Kho st v v th hm s khi m = 1.
2. Xc nh m (C
m
) c cc im cc i v cc tiu i xng nhau qua ng thng
y x = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh: 1 cos 4 4 cos 3 2
4
cos 2
2 2
= + |
.
|
\
|
x x x

2. Tm m h phng trnh:
3 3 2
2 2 2
3 3 2 0
1 3 2 0
x y y x
x x y y m
+ =
+ + =
c nghim thc.
Cu III (1,0 im).
Cho
1
, , , ;1
4
x y z t
| |
e
|
\ .
. Chng minh:
1 1 1 1
log log log log 8
4 4 4 4
x y z t
y z t x
| | | | | | | |
+ + + >
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh lng tr tam gic ABC.ABC vi A.ABC l hnh chp tam gic u
cnh y AB = a; cnh bn AA = b. Gi l gc gia hai mp(ABC) v mp(ABC). Tnh
tan v th tch chp A.BCCB.
Cu V (1,0 im). Tnh tch phn:
6
0
tan( )
4
os2x
x
I dx
c
=
}

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho im A(1;1) v ng thng : 2 3 4 0 x y A + + = .
Tm ta im B thuc ng thng A sao cho ng thng AB v A hp vi nhau gc
45
0
.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho mt phng ( ) : 2 4 0 P x y z + + = v mt cu
(S):
2 2 2
2 4 2 3 0 x y z x y z + + + + = . Vit phng trnh tham s ng thng d
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127
tip xc vi (S) ti A(3;-1;1) v song song vi mt phng (P).
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gii phng trnh
( )
1 2 3 2
3 7 ... 2 1 3 2 6480
n n n n
n n n n
C C C C + + + + = trn tp
*
N .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)

1. Trong mt phng to Oxy, cho Elip (E):
2 2
5 5 x y + = , Parabol ( )
2
: 10 P x y = . Hy
vit phng trnh ng trn c tm thuc ng thng : 3 6 0 x y A + = , ng thi tip
xc vi trc honh Ox v ct tuyn chung ca Elip (E) vi Parabol (P).
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho mt phng ( ) : 2 2 1 0 P x y z + + = v hai im
( ) ( ) 1; 7; 1 , 4; 2; 0 A B . Lp phng trnh ng thng d l hnh chiu vung gc ca
ng thng AB ln mt phng (P).
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( )( )
3 2 3 2
2
3 5.6 4.2 0
2 2
x y x x y
x y y y x y x

+ =
= + +
.
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c: y = 3x
2
6mx = 0
0
2
x
x m
=

Hm s c cc i v cc tiu m = 0.
Gi s hm s c hai im cc tr l: A(0; 4m
3
), B(2m; 0)
3
(2 ; 4 ) AB m m =
,

Trung im ca on AB l
( )
3
; 2 I m m
iu kin AB i xng nhau qua ng thng y = x l AB vung gc vi ng thng y
= x v I thuc ng thng y = x
3
3
0
2 4 0
2
2
2
m
m m
m
m m
=

=
=
.
Kt hp vi iu kin ta c:
2
2
m = .
Cu II
1. Phng trnh tng ng vi
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128

2
1 cos 4 3 cos 4 4cos 1
2
x x x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

( )
( )
2
1 3
sin 4 3 cos 4 2 2cos 1 sin 4 cos 4 cos 2
2 2
12
cos 4 cos 2
6
36 3
x x x x x x
x k
x x k
k
x

+ = + =
= +
| |
= e
|
\ .

= +
Z

2.
3 3 2
2 2 2
3 3 2 0 (1)
1 3 2 0 (2)
x y y x
x x y y m
+ =
+ + =

iu kin:
2
2
1 0 1 1
0 2
2 0
x x
y
y y
> s s

s s
>

t t = x + 1 te[0; 2]; ta c (1) t
3
3t
2
= y
3
3y
2
.
Hm s f(u) = u
3
3u
2
nghch bin trn on [0; 2] nn: (1) y = y y = x + 1
Do : (2)
2 2
2 1 0 x x m + =
t
2
1 u x = u e[0; 1] (2)
2
2 1 u u m + =
Hm s ( )
2
2 1 g u u u = + t
[0;1] [0;1]
min ( ) 1; max ( ) 2 g u g u = =
Vy h phng trnh c nghim khi v ch khi 1 s ms 2

Cu III
2 6 6
2
0 0
tan( )
tan 1
4
os2x (t anx+1)
x
x
I dx dx
c

+
= =
} }

t
2
2
1
t anx dt= (tan 1)
cos
t dx x dx
x
= = +
i cn:
1
0 0;
6 3
x t x t
= = = =
Suy ra
1
1
3
3
2
0
0
1 1 3
( 1) 1 2
dt
I
t t
= = =
+ +
}
.
Cu IV
Gi O l tm y suy ra ( ) ' A O ABC v gc
' AIA =
'
tan
A O
OI
= vi
1 1 3 3
3 3 2 6
a a
OI AI = = =
I
B'
C'
O
A
C
B
A'
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129
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
3
' '
3 3
a b a
A O A A AO b

= = =
2 2
2 3
tan
b a
a

=
Tnh
'. ' ' A BCC B
V
( )
'. ' ' . ' ' ' '.
2 2 2 2 2
1
' . ' .
3
2 3 1 3 3
. . .
3 2 2 6 3
A BCC B ABC A B C A ABC ABC ABC
V V V A O S A O S
b a a a b a
a dvtt
= =

= =

Cu V
D dng c c
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
; y ; z ; t
4 4 4 4
x x y z t > > > > (1)
Du = xy ra trong cc bt ng thc ny khi v ch khi
1
2
x y z t = = = =
V
1
, y, z, t ;1
4
x
| |
e
|
\ .
nn theo tnh cht ca lgarit vi c s dng v b hn 1 nn t (1)
ta c:
2
1
log log
4
x x
y y
| |
s
|
\ .
;
2
1
log log
4
y y
z z
| |
s
|
\ .
;
2
1
log log
4
z z
t t
| |
s
|
\ .
;
2
1
log log
4
t t
x z
| |
s
|
\ .

Cng v theo v cc bt ng thc ny, ta c:
1 1 1 1
log log log log
4 4 4 4
x y z t
y z t x
| | | | | | | |
+ + + >
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

( )
2 log log log log
x y z t
y z t x > + + + (2)
D thy log ; log ; log ; log
x y z t
y z t x lun dng nn p dng bt ng thc cauchy ta
c:
4
log log log log 4 log log log log
x y z t x y z t
y z t x y z t x + + + > (3)
M
log log
log log log log log log 1
log log
x x
x y z t x t
x x
z t
y z t x y x
y z
= = (4)
T (2). (3) v (4) suy ra iu phi chng minh.

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. ng thng A c phng trnh tham s l:
1 3
2 2
x t
y t
=
= +

Suy ra vecto ch phng ca ng thng A l: ( ) 3; 2 u =
,

( ) ( ) 1 3 ; 2 2 3 ; 2 3 B B t t AB t t eA + =
,

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130
Theo ta c:
( )
( )
0
2
2
.
9 2 2 3
1
cos 45
2
9 2 3 . 9 4
ABu
t t
AB u
t t
+
= =
+ +
, ,
, ,

2
13. 13 12 9 2 13 6 t t t + =
2
15
13
169 156 45 0
3
13
t
t t
t

Vy cc im cn tm l :
1 2
32 4 22 32
; , ;
13 13 13 13
A A
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .

2. Mt phng (P) c vecto php tuyn l: ( ) 1;1; 2 n =
,
.
Mt cu (S) c tm ( ) 1; 2; 1 I .
Ta c: IA
,
= (2;1;2). Gi u
,
l vecto ch phng ng thng A.
A tip xc vi (S) ti A u IA
, ,
.
V ( ) // P A nn u n
, ,
.
Suy ra: ( )
1 2 2 2 2 1
, ; ; 4; 6;1
1 2 2 1 1 1
u IA n
| |
(
= = =
|

\ .
, , ,
.
Vy phng trnh tham s ca ng thng ( )
3 4
: 1 6
1
x t
y t t
z t
=
A = + e
= +
R .
Cu VIIa
Ta c: ( )
n n
n n n n n
n
x C x C x C x C C x . ... . . . 1
3 3 2 2 1 0
+ + + + + = +
Ly o hm hai v: ( )
1 2 3 2 1 1
. ... . 3 . 2 1

+ + + + = +
n n
n n n n
n
x nC x C x C C x n .
Ly tch phn hai v: ( ) x d x nC x d x C x xd C dx C dx x n
n n
n n n n
n
} } } } }

+ + + + = +
2
1
1
2
1
2 3
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
... 3 2 1 .
Tnh ton cc tch phn trn, ta c: ( )
n n n
n
n
n n n
C C C C 2 3 1 2 ... 7 3
3 2 1
= + + + + .
Theo ta c: 0 6480 3 3 6480 2 3 2 3
2 2
= =
n n n n n n
. Gii phng trnh m
ny ta tm c 4 n = .
Vy 4 n = l nghim ca phng trnh cho.

Cu VIb
1. Gi ( ) C l ng trn c phng trnh cn tm.
To giao im ca (E) v (P) l nghim ca HPT:
= +
=
5 5
10
2 2
2
y x
y x

Nhn thy: vi mi x > 0, c 2 gi tr y i xng nhau, suy ra ng thng i qua cc giao
im l: x = 2 ( ct tuyn chung).
Gi I l tm ng trn ( ) C v ( ) 6 3 ; I I b b eA = .
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131
Theo ta c:
=
=
=
=
=
2
1
3 4
3 4
2 3 6
b
b
b b
b b
b b .
+ Vi 1 b = ta c: tm ( ) 1 ; 3
1
= I v bn knh 1
1
= R . Suy ra: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 3 1 1 C x y + =
+ Vi 2 b = ta c: tm ( ) 2 ; 0
2
= I v bn knh 2
2
= R . Suy ra: ( ) ( )
2
2
: 2 4 C x y + =
2. Phng trnh tham s ca ng thng
4 3
: 2 5
x t
AB y t
z t
= +

Gi ( ) M AB P = ta im M ng vi tham s t l nghim ca phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( ) 4 3 2 2 5 2 1 0 1 7; 3;1 t t t t M + + + = = .
Gi I l hnh chiu ca B ln (P). D dng tm c ( ) 3; 0; 2 I . Hnh chiu d ca ng
thng AB ln (P) l MI .
Vy phng trnh ng thng d l:
3 4
3
2
x s
y s
z s
=
= +
.
Cu VIIb
iu kin:
, 0 x y
x y
>
>
.
Vi iu kin trn h phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( )
( )
( )
( )( )
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2
3 5.6 4.2 0 3 5.6 4.2 0
2 2 2 2 2
x y x x y x y x x y
x y y y x y x x y y x y x x y y

+ = + =

= + = + +

( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
3 2 3 2
3 2 3 2
3 5.6 4.2 0
3 5.6 4.2 0 1
2 2 1 1 0 2 2
x y x x y
x y x x y
y x y x x y y x

+ =
+ =

(
+ + + = =

.
Thay (2) vo (1) ta c:
2
2 2
3
2
3
1
0
2 3 3
3 5.6 4.2 0 5. 4 0
log 4
2 2
3
4
2
x
x x
x x x
x
x
x
| |
=
| =
\ . | | | |

+ = + =
| |
=
\ . \ .
| |

=
|
\ .
.
+ Vi 0 x = suy ra 0 y = .
+ Vi
3
2
log 4 x = suy ra
3
2
log 2 y = .

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132
21

4 2 2
( 10) 9 y x m x = + + .
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s ng vi m = 0
2. Tm m th ca hm s ct trc honh ti 4 im pbit
1 2 3 4
, , , x x x x tha mn iu kin:
1 2 3 4
10 x x x x + + + = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2 2
2sin cos x 1 sin sin2x
2 2
t t
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
3 3
2
14 2 2
9
2 2
xy y x y x y x y
x y x y
+ +
= +
+ | | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu III (1,0 im). Tnh tch phn sau :
ln3 2
ln 2 1 2
x
x x
e dx
I
e e
=
+
}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Mt hnh nn nh S , c tm ng trn y l . O , A B l hai im trn ng trn y
sao cho khong cch t O n ng thng AB bng a ,

0
60 ASO SAB = = . Tnh theo
a chiu cao v din tch xung quanh ca hnh nn
Cu V (1,0 im).
Tm gi tr ca m h phng trnh sau c ng hai nghim:
( )
8
8 8
256
2
x y
x y m
+ =
+ = +

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng thng d: cos sin 2cos 1 0. x t y t t + + + =
Chng minh rng d lun tip xc vi mt ng trn c nh .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, lp phng trnh tng qut ca mt phng i qua cc im
( ) 0; 0;1 M , ( ) 3; 0; 0 N v to vi mt phng ( ) Oxy mt gc
3
.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Cho n l mt s nguyn dng v ( )
0 1 2 2
1 ... ...
n
k n
k n
x a a x a x x x a x + = + + + + + + . Bit rng
tn ti s nguyn dng k ( ) 1 1 k n s s sao cho
1 1
.
2 9 24
k k k
a a a
+
= =
Tnh
( ) 2011! 10
2012
n
M

= .

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133
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng to Oxy, cho parabol: ( )
2
: P y x = v ng thng
d: 1 y mx = . Chng minh rng khi m thay i, ng thng ( ) d lun ct parabol ( ) P
ti hai im phn bit M v N. Hy tm qu tch tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic OMN
khi m thay i.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai ng thng d v d ln lt c phng trnh :
d : z
y
x =
=
1
2
v d :
1
5
3
2
2
+
= =
z
y
x
.
Vit phng trnh mt phng ) ( i qua d v to vi d mt gc
0
30

Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii phng trnh:
( )
3
3 2
3log 1 2log x x x + + = .
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C
m
) v Ox l:
( )
4 2
10 9 0 x m x + + = (1)
t
2
, 0 t x t = > . Phng trnh (1) thnh:
( )
2 2
10 9 0 t m t + + = (2)
(C
m
) ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit
1 2 3 4
, , , x x x x Phng trnh (1) c 4 nghim phn
bit
1 2 3 4
, , , x x x x Phng trnh (2) c hai nghim dng phn bit
1 2
, t t
2 2
2
( 10) 36 0
9 0
10 0
m
P
S m
A = + >
= >
= + >
( lun ng vi mi m).
Phng trnh (1) c 4 nghim phn bit l:
1 1 2 1 3 2 4 2
, , , x t x t x t x t = = = = .
Theo , ta c:
( ) 1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2
10 2 10 5 x x x x t t t t + + + = + = + =
( )
2 2
1 2 1 2
2 25 10 2 9 25 9 3 t t t t m m m + + = + + = = = (tha iu kin).
Vy 3 m = l gi tr cn tm tha yu cu bi ton.

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134
Cu II
1. Phng trnh tng ng vi
( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
1 2sin cos x sin sin2x cos cos x sin sin2x
2 2 2
cos cos x cos sin2x cos cos x cos (1 sin2x)
2 2 2
1
cos x (1 sin2x) k2 cos x (1 sin2x) 2k
2 2
1 1
(1 cos2x) (1 sin2x) 2k
2 2
1
t t t | | | | | |
= t =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
t t t | | | |
t = t =
| |
\ . \ .
t
t = + t = +
+ = +
1 cos2x 1 sin2x 4k sin2x cos2x 4k (1)

1 1 cos2x sin2x 1 4k sin2x cos2x 2 4k (2)
(1 cos2x) (1 sin2x) 2k
2 2
+ = + + =

+ = + =

+ = +

Phng trnh (1) c nghim
2 2 2
1 1
k
(4k) 1 1 2 16k 2 8k 1 0 k 0 2 2 2 2
k
s s
s + = s s =
Z

Phng trnh (2) c nghim
2 2 2 2
(2 4k) 1 1 2 4(1 2k) 2 4(1 4k 4k ) 2 8k 8k 1 0 s + = s + s + s
2 2 2 2
k
k
4 4
k
+
s s
e|
Z
phng trnh (2) v nghim.
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim khi k 0 = sin 2x cos2x 0 + =
k
sin 2x 0 2x k x ; (k ).
4 4 8 2
t t t t
| |
+ = + = t = + e
|
\ .
Z

2. iu kin
0
0
x y
x y
+ >
>
.
t ,
2 2
x y x y
u v
+
= = ; , 0 u v > . Suy ra:
2 2 2 2
, x u v y u v = + = .
( )( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3
2 4
14
9
u v u v u v u v
u v
u v
+ +
= +
+ =

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135
( )( )
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3
3 3
7 0 0 7
9 9
9
u v u v u v u v
u v u v
u v
+ = + = =

v

+ = + =
+ =
.
H
3 3
0
9
u v
u v
+ =
+ =
v nghim.
Gii h
3 3
3 3
7
9
u v
u v
=
+ =
ta c
2
1
u
v
=
.
Do :
2
8 5
2
2 3
1
2
x y
x y x
x y y
x y
+
=
+ = =

= =

.
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim l:
5
3
x
y
=

Cu III
t
2
2 2 2
x x x
t e e t e dx tdt = = + =

i cn: ln 2 0; ln3 1 x t x t = = = = .
I = 2
1 2
2
0
( 2)
1
t tdt
t t
+
+ +
}
= 2
1
2
0
2 1
( 1 )
1
t
t dt
t t
+
+
+ +
}

= 2
1
0
( 1) t dt
}
+ 2
1 2
2
0
( 1)
1
d t t
t t
+ +
+ +
}

=
2 1
( 2 )
0
t t + 2ln(t
2
+ t + 1)
1
0
= 2ln3 - 1.
Cu IV
Gi I l trung im ca AB , nn OI a =
t OA R =
0
60 SAB SAB = A u
1 1 1
2 2 2 3 sin
OA R
IA AB SA
ASO
= = = =
Tam gic OIA vung ti I nn
2 2 2
OA IA IO =
2
2 2
6
3 2
R a
R a R = =
2 SA a =
Chiu cao:
2
2
a
SO =
Din tch xung quanh:
2
6
2 3
2
xq
a
S Rl a a = = =
S
O O
S
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136

Cu V
Gi s ( )
0 0
; x y l mt nghim ca h phng trnh cho. Khi
( ) ( ) ( )
0 0 0 0 0 0
; , ; , ; y x x y y x cng l cc nghim ca h. V vy iu kin cn h c
ng hai nghim l:
0 0 0
0 , x x y = = .
Thay nghim ny vo h phng trnh trn ta c
0
1 x = v 0 m = .
Ngc li vi 0 m = , ta c h phng trnh:
( )
8
8 8
256
2
x y
x y
+ =
+ =
.
p dng lin tip hu hn ln bt ng thc Bunhiacoski, ta c:
( ) ( )
8
7 8 8
2 256. x y x y + s + = Du bng xy ra khi v ch khi x y = . T y, ta d dng gii
ra c nghim ca h l: ( ) ( ) 1;1 , 1; 1 .
Vy 0 m = l gi tr cn tm.

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Gi ( )
0 0
; I x y l tm v R l bn knh ca ng trn cn tm.
d tip xc vi ng trn khi v ch khi: ( )
0 0
2 2
x cos t y sin t 2cos t 1
d I; d R R
cos t sin t
+ + +
= =
+

( )
0 0 0 0
x cos t y sin t 2cos t 1 R x 2 cos t y sin t 1 R + + + = + + + = .
R l hng s khng ph thuc vo t th:
0 0
x 2; y 0 = =
Lc , d tip xc vi ng trn c nh tm ( ) I 2; 0 , bn knh R = 1.
2. Gi ( ) l mt phng cn tm c dng: ax 0 by cz d + + + =
V ( ) ( ) ( ) 0; 0;1 , N 3; 0; 0 M e nn
0
3 0
c d
a d
+ =
+ =
. Chn 1 3 , c 3 a d = = =
Lc : ( ) : 3 3 0 x by z + + = c VTPT c VTPT ( ) n 1; b;3 =
,

Mt phng Oxy c VTPT ( ) k 0;0;1 =
,

Theo , ta c:
2 2
n.k
3
3 1
cos b 26.
3 2
n k 1 b 9. 1 b 10
= = = =
+ + +
, ,
, ,
Vy c 2 mt phng ( ) tha mn ton: 26 3 3 0 x y z + + = ; 26 3 3 0 x y z + = .

Cu VIIa
Ta c: ( )
1 1
1 1
2 9 24
k k k
a a a
k n
+
= = s s
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137

1 1
2 9 24
k k k
n n n
C C C
+
= =

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 ! 1 ! 1 !
2 1 ! 1 ! 9 ! ! 24 1 ! 1 !
n n n
k n k k n k k n k
= =
+ +

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 1 ! 1 ! 9. ! ! 24. 1 ! 1 ! k n k k n k k n k + = = +
( )( ) ( ) ( ) 2. 1 9 24 1 n k n k k n k k k + = = +

( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 1 9
2 2 3 8
11
10
3 8 11 11 9 24 1
11
n
k
n k k
n n
k
n n k k
k
+
=
+ =
+
= =

= +
.
Khi :
( ) 2011! 10 10 0
2012 2012 1. M

= = =

Cu VIb
1. Phng trnh honh giao im ca ( ) P v d:
2
1 0 x mx =
Ta c:
2
4 0 m m A = + > .
Vy d lun ct ( ) P ti hai im phn bit M v N.
Gi
1 2
, x x l honh ca M, N. Ta c: ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
; 1 , N ; 1 M x mx x mx + + vi
1 2 1 2
, x 1 x x m x + = = . Gi I l trung im MN th
2
2
;
2 2
m m
I
| | +
|
\ .
.
Mt khc ( ) ( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
. 1 1 . 1 . 1 0 OM ON x x m x x m x x m mm = + + + + = + + + =
, ,

Suy ra: OM ON hay tam gic OMN vung ti O hay I l tm ng trn ngoi tip tam
gic OMN. Vi
2
2
, y =
2 2
m m
x
+
= kh m t hai phng trnh ny ta c:
2
2 1. y x = +
y cng chnh l qu tch tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic OMN.

2. ng thng d i qua im ) 0 ; 2 ; 0 ( M v c vect ch phng ) 1 ; 1 ; 1 ( u
ng thng d i qua im ) 5 ; 3 ; 2 ( ' M v c vect ch phng ) 1 ; 1 ; 2 ( ' u .
Mp ) ( phi i qua im M v c vect php tuyn n vung gc vi u v
2
1
60 cos ) ' ; cos(
0
= = u n . Bi vy nu t ) ; ; ( C B A n = th ta phi c :
=
+ +
+
= +
2
1
6
2
0
2 2 2
C B A
C B A
C B A

=
+ =
+ + + =
+ =
0 2 ) ( 6 3 2
2 2 2 2 2
C AC A
C A B
C C A A A
C A B

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138
Ta c 0 ) 2 )( ( 0 2
2 2
= + = C A C A C AC A . Vy C A = hoc C A = 2 .
Nu C A = ,ta c th chn A=C=1, khi 2 = B , tc l ) 1 ; 2 ; 1 ( = n v ) ( mp c phng trnh
0 ) 2 ( 2 = + + z y x hay 2 4 0 x y z + + =
Nu C A = 2 ta c th chn 2 , 1 = = C A , khi 1 = B , tc l ) 2 ; 1 ; 1 ( = n v ) ( mp c
phng trnh 0 2 ) 2 ( = z y x hay 2 2 0 x y z + =
Cu VIIb
iu kin: 0 x > .
t
12
12
y
x =
Phng trnh cho thnh:
( ) ( )
6 4 6 4 6 4 4
3 3
3log 1 2 2 12 log 1 2 2 4 1 2 2 3
y y y y y y y
y y + + = + + = + + =
1 64 16
1 64 16 81 1
81 81 81
y y y
y y y
| | | | | |
+ + = + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
(*)
Nhn xt: Phng trnh (*) c mt nghim 1 y = .
VT(*) l tng cc hm nghch bin nn l mt hm nghch bin, VP(*) l mt hm hng.
Do y = 1 l nghim duy nht ca phng trnh (*).Vi 1 y = ta suy ra 4096. x =
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht l 4096. x =

22

4 2
4 y x x m = + ( )
m
C
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s ng vi m = 0
2. Tm m th ca hm s ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit sao din tch hnh phng gii hn
bi ( )
m
C v trc honh c phn trn bng phn di.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Tm m phng trnh
( )
4 4
2 sin cos cos 4 2sin 2 0 x x x x m + + + = c nghim trn
0; .
2
(
(

2. Gii bt phng trnh:
2
1 2 1 2 2 x x x + + + > .
2
3
0
sin
1 cos 2
x x
I dx
x
+
=
+
}

Cu IV (1,0 im). ): Cho t din u ABCD c cnh bng 1. Gi M, N l cc im ln
lt di ng trn cc cnh AB, AC sao cho ( ) ( ) DMN ABC . t AM = x, AN = y. Tnh
th tch t din DAMN theo x v y. Chng minh rng: 3 x y xy + = .

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139
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho a, b, c l cc s thc tho mn 3. a b c + + = Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu
thc 4 9 16 9 16 4 16 4 9 .
a b c a b c a b c
M = + + + + + + + +
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng trn (C) tm I(-1; 1), bn knh R=1, M l mt im trn
( ) : 2 0 d x y + = . Hai tip tuyn qua M to vi (d) mt gc 45
0
tip xc vi (C) ti A, B.
Vit phng trnh ng thng AB.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, vit phng trnh mt phng cch u hai ng thng d
1
v d
2

bit:
1
2
: 2
3
x t
d y t
z t
= +
= +

2
1 2 1
:
2 1 5
x y z
d

= = .
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Trong cc s phc tha mn iu kin
3
z 2 3i
2
+ = . Hy tm s phc c mun nh
nht.

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng to Oxy, cho elip (E) c hai tiu im
1 2
( 3; 0); ( 3; 0) F F v i
qua im
1
3;
2
A
| |
|
\ .
. Lp phng trnh chnh tc ca (E) v vi mi im M trn elip, hy
tnh biu thc:
2 2 2
1 2 1 2
3 . P FM F M OM FM F M = + .

2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho t din ABCD bit A(0; 0; 2), B(-2; 2; 0), C(2; 0; 2),
( ) DH ABC v 3 DH = vi H l trc tm tam gic ABC. Tnh tan ca gc gia (DAB) v
( ) ABC .

Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
2 2
3 3
2 2
2 2
log log
4
y x y x x xy y
x y
= +
+ =
.

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140
BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C
m
) v Ox l:
4 2
4 0 x x m + = (1)
t
2
, 0 t x t = > . Phng trnh (1) thnh:
2
4 0 t t m + = (2)
(C
m
) ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit Phng trnh (1) c 4 nghim phn bit
Phng trnh (2) c hai nghim dng phn bit
1 2
, t t
4 0
4 0 0 4
0
m
P m
S m
A = >
= > < <
= >
(*)
Khng gim tnh tng qut, gi s
1 2
t t <
Phng trnh (1) c 4 nghim phn bit theo th t tng dn l:
1 2 2 1 3 1 4 2
, , , x t x t x t x t = = = = .
Do tnh i xng ca th nn ta c:
( ) ( )
3 4
3 4
3 3
5 5
4 2 4 2 3 3
0 0
4 4
4 4
5 3 5 3
x x
x x
x x
x x
x x m dx x x m dx x mx x mx + = + + = +
} }

4 2
4 4
... 3 20 15 0 x x m + = .
Ta c:
4
x l nghim ca h phng trnh:
4 2 4 2
4 4 4 4 2
4
4 2 4 2
4 4 4 4
4 0 3 12 3 0
3
2
3 20 15 0 3 20 15 0
x x m x x m
m
x
x x m x x m
+ = + =

=

+ = + =

.
Thay
2
4
3
2
m
x = vo phng trnh:
4 2
4 4
4 0 x x m + = ta c:
2
0
9
5 0
20
4
9
m
m
m
m
=
=

=
.
i chiu vi iu kin (*) ta thu c
20
9
m = l gi tr cn tm.

Cu II
1. Ta c
4 4 2
1
sin os 1 sin 2
2
x c x x + = v
2
os4 1 2sin 2 . c x x =
Do phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
2
3sin 2 2sin 2 3 x x m + + = .
t sin 2 t x = . Ta c | | | | 0; 2 0; 0;1 .
2
x x t

(
e e e
(

t ( )
2
3 2 3 f t t t = + +
( ) 6 2 f t t ' = + ; ( )
1
0
3
f t t ' = = .
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141
Ta c: ( ) ( )
1 10
0 3, , 1 2
3 3
f f f
| |
= = =
|
\ .
.
Phng trnh cho c nghim khi v ch khi
| |
( )
| |
( )
0,1 t 0,1
min ax
t
f t m m f t
e e
s s hay
10
2
3
m s s .
2. iu kin:
1 1
2 2
x s s . Suy ra:
2
2 0 x > .
2 2 2 4 2
1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 4 4 4 x x x x x x x x x + + + > + + > + > +
( )
4
2
4 2 2 4 2
2
0
4 2 1 4 2 0 1 4 1 0 0
1 4 1
x
x x x x x x
x
=
+ s + s =
.
Vy 0 x = l nghim ca bt phng trnh cho.
Cu III
2 2
3 3 3
1 2 2 2
0 0 0
sin sin
1 cos 2 2cos 2cos
x x x x
I dx dx dx I I
x x x

+
= = + = +
+
} } }

3 3
1 2 2
0 0
1
2cos 2 cos
x x
I dx dx
x x

= =
} }

t
2
tan
cos
u x
du dx
dx
v x dv
x
=
=

= =

3 3 3
1
0 0 0
1 1 1
tan tan ln cos ln 2
2 2 2 2 3 2 3
I x x xdx x

(
= = + =
(

}

| |
2
2 2
3 3 3 3 3
2 2
0 0 0 0 0
sin 1 1 1 1
tan (1 tan ) tan 3
2cos 2 2 2 2 3
x
I dx xdx x dx dx x x
x

(
| |
= = = + = =
( |
\ .

} } } }
Suy ra :
( )
1 2
3 1
1 1 1
ln 2 3 ( 3 ln 2)
2 2 3 6 2 2 3
I I I

| |
= + = + = +
|
\ .
.
Cu IV
Dng DH MN ti H.
Do ( ) ( ) ( ) DMN ABC DH ABC m . D ABC l
t din u nn H l tm tam gic u ABC .

Trong tam gic vung DHA:
2
2 2 2
3 6
1
3 3
DH DA AH
| |
= = =
|
|
\ .

Din tch tam gic AMN l
0
1 3
. .sin 60
2 4
AMN
S AM AN xy = =
D
A
B C
H
M
N
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142
Th tch t din . D AMN l
1 2
.
3 12
AMN
V S DH xy = =
Ta c:
AMN AMH AMH
S S S = +

0 0 0
1 1 1
.sin 60 . .sin30 . .sin30
2 2 2
xy x AH y AH = + 3 . x y xy + =

Cu V
t
( ) ( ) ( )
2 ;3 ; 4 , 2 ;3 ; 4 , w 2 ;3 ; 4 w
a b c c a b b c a
u v M u v = = = = + +
, , , , , ,

( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
w 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4
a b c a b c a b c
M u v > + + = + + + + + + + +
, , ,

3
2
2 2 2 3 2 6
b c a b c + +
+ + > =

3
3 3 3 3 3 9
a b c a b c + +
+ + > = ;
3
4 4 4 4 4 16
a b c a b c + +
+ + > = .
Vy 3 29. M > Du bng xy ra khi 1. a b c = = =
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. D thy ( ) I d e . Hai tip tuyn hp vi (d) mt gc 45
0
suy ra tam gic MAB vung cn
v tam gic IAM cng vung cn . Suy ra: 2 IM = .
( ) ( M d M e a; a+2), ( 1; 1) IM a a = + +
,
,
0
2 2 1 2
2
a
IM a
a
=
= + =

=
.
Suy ra c 2 im tha mn: M
1
(0; 2) v M
2
(-2; 0).
+ ng trn tm M
1
bn kinh R
1
=1 l (C
1
):
2 2
4 3 0 x y y + + = .
Khi AB i qua giao im ca (C ) v (C
1
) nn AB:
2 2 2 2
4 3 2 2 1 1 0 x y y x y x y x y + + = + + + + = .
+ ng trn tm M
2
bn kinh R
2
=1 l (C
2
):
2 2
4 3 0 x y x + + + = .
Khi AB i qua giao im ca (C ) v (C
2
) nn AB:
2 2 2 2
4 3 2 2 1 1 0 x y x x y x y x y + + + = + + + + + = .
Vy c hai ng thng tha mn: 1 0 x y + = v 1 0 x y + + = .
2. ng thng d
2
c PTTS l:
1 2
2
1 5
x s
y s
z s
= +
= +
= +

Vect ch phng ca d
1
v d
2
l:
1 2
(1;1; 1), (2;1;5)
d d
u u = =
,
,

Vecto php tuyn ca mp( ) l
1 2
. (6; 7; 1)
d d
n u u
( = =

, , ,

Phng trnh mp( ) c dng 6x 7y z + d = 0
ng thng d
1
v d
2
ln lt i qua 2 im M(2; 2; 3) v N(1; 2; 1)
nn suy ra : ( , ( )) ( , ( )) d M d N =
| 12 14 3 | | 6 14 1 | | 5 | | 9 | 7 d d d d d + = + + = + =
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143
Vy phng trnh mp( ) l: 3x y 4z +7 0 =
Cu VIIa
t: z a bi = +

Ta c :
2 2
3 3 3 9
z 2 3i a bi 2 3i (a 2) (b 3)i (a 2) (b 3) (*)
2 2 2 4
+ = + + = + + = + + =
T (*) suy ra im M biu din s phc z tha mn h thc cho nm trn ng trn
tm I(2; 3) v bn knh
3
R
2
= .
Ta c:
min
z M nm trn ng trn v gn gc ta O nht. l im
1
M trn
hnh v
(l mt trong hai giao im ca OI vi ng trn)
K
1
M H Ox ta c:
2 2
1
OI OH OM 4 9 13 = + = + =
Theo Talet ta c:
1 1
1
3
3
M H M O OH
2
2 3 OI 13
6 13 9 78 9 13
M H b
26 2 13
2 3 3 26 3 13
OH a
13 13
= = =

= = =
= = =

Vy s phc cn tm l:
26 3 13 78 9 13
z i
13 26

= +

Cu VIb
1. Dng chnh tc ca elip (E):
2 2
2 2
1
x y
a b
+ =
( ) ( )
2 2
1 2
3; 0 , 3;0 3 3 F F c a b = = (1)
( )
2 2
1 3 1
3; 1
2 4
A E
a b
| |
e + =
|
\ .
(2)
T (1) v (2) ta tm c
2 2
4; 1 a b = = .
Do :
2 2
1
4 1
x y
+ =
Ta c:
2 2 2
1 2 1 2
3 . P FM F M OM FM F M = +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
3
M M M M M M
a ex a ex x y a ex a ex = + + + +
2
-3
I
y
x
O
H
1
M
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144
=
( )
2 2
2 2
3 3 3 3
1 1 3 1 1
2 2 2 2
M M M M M M
x x x y x x
| | | | | |
| |
+ + + +
| | |
|
| | |
\ .
\ . \ . \ .

= 1.

2.
Trong tam gic ABC, gi K CH AB = .
Khi , d thy ( ) AB DCK . Suy ra gc gia (DAB) v
(ABC) chnh l gc
DKH .Ta tm ta im H ri
mp (ABC) qua ( ) 0; 0; 2 A nhn ( ) [ , ] 0; 4; 4 n AB AC = =
, , ,
lm vecto php tuyn nn c
phng trnh l: (ABC): 2 0 y z + = .
( ) H ABC e nn gi s ( ; ; 2 ) H a b b .
Ta c: ( ; ; ), (4; 2; 2). AH a b b BC = =
, ,

( 2; ; ), ( 2; 2; 2). CH a b b AB = =
, ,

Khi :
. 0 0
2
2 2 0
. 0
BC AH a b
a b
a b
ABCH
= =
= =

+ + =
=
, ,
, ,
Vy H(-2; -2; 4).
Phng trnh mt phng ( ) qua H v vung gc vi AB l: 4 0 x y z + = .
Phng trnh ng thng AB l:
2
x t
y t
z t
=
= +
.
( ) K AB = ta im K l nghim ca phng trnh:
2 2 2 8
2 4 0 ; ;
3 3 3 3
t t t t K
| |
+ + + = =
|
\ .

Suy ra:
2 2 2
2 2 8 96
2 2 4
3 3 3 3
HK
| | | | | |
= + + + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
.

Gi l gc cn tm. Ta c:
96 6
tan
12 3
DH
HK
= = = .

Cu VIIb
iu kin : x > 0 ; y > 0 . Ta c : 0
4
3
2
2
2
2 2
> + |
.
|
\
|
= + y
y
x y xy x y x, >0
Xt x > y
3 3
2 2
VT(*) 0
log log
VP(*) 0
x y
>
<
<
(*) v nghim nn h v nghim.

Xt x < y
3 3
2 2
VT(*) 0
log log
VP(*) 0
x y
<
>
>
(*) v nghim nn h v nghim.

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145
Do : x y = .
Khi x = y , thay vo h phng trnh ta c
2 2
0 0
2 2 4 x y
=
= =
x = y = 2 ( do x, y > 0).

Vy h c nghim duy nht ( )
( )
; 2; 2 x y = .

23

3
2
x
y
x
+
=
( ) C
2. Tm m ng thng : 1 d y x m = + + ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , A B sao cho
AOB
nhn.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1.Gii phng trnh:
( )
3
3
8sin x 1 162sin x 27 0 + + = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
3 2
2 1 3
4 1 9 8 52 4
x y
x x y x y xy
+ =
+ =
.
( ) 1
ln
2 ln 2 ln
e
xdx
I
x x x
=
+ +
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho ng cao khi chp u S.ABC bng h khng i, gc y ca
mt bn bng vi |
.
|
e
2
;
4

.Tnh th tch ca khi chp theo h v .Vi gi tr
no ca th th tch khi chp t gi tr ln nht .
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho a, b, c l cc s dng thuc khong
( )
0; 6 v a b c 3 3 + + = .
Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
2 2 2
1 1 1
P
6 a 6 b 6 c
= + +

.

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
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146
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c ( ) 6; 6 D . ng trung trc ca
on DC c phng trnh
1
: 2 3 17 0 x y A + + = v ng phn gic gc
BAC c phng
trnh l
2
: 5 3 0 x y A + = . Xc nh ta cc nh cn li ca hnh bnh hnh.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho t din vi nh ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2; 0; 0 , 0; 4; 0 , 0; 0; 6 , 2; 4; 6 A B C D
Tm tp hp cc im M trong khng gian sao cho: 40 MA MB MC MD + + + =
, , , ,
.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gii phng trnh trn C: 3 0 z z z i = .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng to Oxy, cho tam gic ABC c ( ) 1; 5 B v phng trnh ng cao
: 2 2 0 AD x y + = , ng phn gic
2
: 1 0 CC x y = . Tm ta cc nh , A C .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho ng thng
1 1
:
3 2 2
x y z
d
+
= =
v hai im ( ) ( ) 3; 0; 2 , 1; 2;1 A B .
K AA,BB ' ' vung gc vi ng thng d . Tnh di A B ' ' .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Tm m h phng trnh sau c nghim:
4
(2 1)[ln(x + 1) lnx] = (2y + 1)[ln(y + 1) lny]
3 1 2 ( 1)( 1) 1 0
x
y y x m x
+
+ + + =

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Phng trnh honh giao im ca ( ) C v d l:
( ) ( )
2
2
3
1
2 2 5 0 * 2
x
x
x m
x m x m x
=
+
= + +

+ + + =

.
d ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , A B phng trnh ( ) * c hai nghim phn bit khc 2
( )
2
2
4 16 0 2 2 5
2 2 2 2 5 0
2 2 5
m m m
m m
m
A = > <
+ + + =
> +

.
Gi ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
; 1 , ; 1 A x x m B x x m + + + + l hai giao im ca ( ) C v d.
AOB nhn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 1 1 2
2 1 1 AB OA OB x x x m x m < + = + + + + +
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 2 1 2
2 1 1 0 ... 3 x x m x x m m + + + + < > .
Kt hp vi iu kin ban u, ta thu c:
3 2 2 2
2 2 5
m
m
< <
> +

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147
Cu II
1. t 2sin u x = . iu kin : 2 2 u s s
Phng trnh cho thnh:
( ) ( )
3 3
3 3
1 81 27 0 1 81 27 u u u u + + = + = .
t
3 3
3 1 3 1 v u u v = + = . Do , ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 3
3
3 3 2 2 3
1 3 1 3
1 3
3 3 0 1 3
u v u v
u v
u v v u u v u uv v v u
+ = + =
+ =

= + + + = + =

( )
3
3
3 2
2
1 3
1 3
3 1
3
3 0
2 4
u v
u v
u u
v
u v u v u v
+ =
+ =
( =
| |
+ + + = =
(
|
\ .
(

Lc :
3 3
1
6sin 8sin 1 3sin 4sin sin3 sin
2 6
x x x x x

= = =
2
3 2
6 18 3
5 5 2
3 2
6 18 3
x k x k
x k x k

= + = +

= + = +

( k eZ ).

2. iu kin: 1 y > .
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2
2
3
3
2 1 3 2 1 3
4 6 5 4 1 3
x
x
x y y x
y x x y x
> >
+ = + =

= + + =

Thay
2
4 6 5 y x x = + vo phng trnh th hai ca h phng trnh ta c:
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 2 2
2 3 9 2 6 5 52 6 5 x x x x x x x x x + = +
2
3
4 21 0
7
x
x x
x
=
+ =

=
.
So vi iu kin 3 x > , chn nghim 7 x = .Thay vo phng trnh
2
4 6 5 y x x = + ta
c 3 y = .
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht ( ) ( ) ; 7; 3 x y = .
Cu III
t ln
dx
t x dt
x
= = .
i cn: 1 0 ; 1 x t x e t = = = = .
Khi :
( )
1 1
0 0
1
2 2
2 2 2
t
I dt t t dt
t t
= = +
+ +
} }

( ) ( )
( )
( )
1
3 3
0
1 1 1 4 2
2 2 27 1 8 8 3
3 3 3 3
t t = + + = + = + .
Cu IV
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148
Xc nh ng gc

...... SBA SBC = = = v SA=SB=SC
Gi H l chn ng vung gc k t S, ta c SH=h,
v H l tm dy .
Gi K l trung im BC ta c BC SK
t cnh y BC = 2x, khi BK = x
Ta c tan . x SK = (trong tam gic SBK)
Trong : SHK A
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
. tan
3
x
SH HK SK h x + = + =
1 tan 3
3
2
2
2
h
x
= =
4
3 ) 2 (
2
x
S
ABC
1 tan 3
3 3
2
2

h

Vy . .
3
1
.S
3
1
ABC
h SH V = =
1 tan 3
3 3
2
2

h
3
2
3
3tan 1
h
(.v.t.t)
|
.
|
e
2
;
4

| ) + e ; 1 tan .Suy ra
3 3 3
2
3 3 3
3tan 1 3.1 1 2
h h h
V
= s =

.
Vy,
3
3
max tan 1
2 4
h
V

= = =

Cu V
Dng ng trn tm O ng knh AB 6 =
Do 0 a 6 < < , trn ng trn ta ly im M sao cho
2
AM a MB 6 a = = .
Gi C l im chnh gia ca na cung trn
cha im M CO AB
(Ch rng cc tam gic MAB v CAB vung ti M v C).
Ta c:
AMB
2S AM.MB HM.AB CO.AB
A
= = s (V MHsOC)
2
6
a 6 a . 6 3
2
s =
2
1 a
3
6 a
>
(1).
Du ng thc xy ra khi a 3 =
Hon ton tng t ta cng c:
2
1 b
3
6 b
>
(2) v
2
1 c
3
3 c
>
(3).
Cng (1) , (2) v (3) v theo v ta c:
2 2 2
1 1 1 a b c 3 3
3
3 3
6 a 6 b 6 c
+ +
+ + > = =

Vy
min
P 3 = t c khi a = b = c = 3 .

A
B
C
M
a
O
H
2
6 a

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149
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Gi I l trung im ca CD.
( )
1
3 1; 2 5 I I a a eA .
Ta c:
1
. 0 u DI =
, ,

Trong : ( ) 3 5; 2 1 DI a a = + +
,

v ( )
1
3; 2 u =
,
l vecto ch phng ca
1
A . Suy ra 1 a = .
Vy ( ) 4; 3 I suy ra ( ) 2; 0 C .
( )
2
; 3 5 A a A a eA .
Mt khc ABCD l hnh bnh hnh nn
( )
4 4
4;9 5
3 5 6 9 5
B B
B B
x a x a
AB DC B a a
y a y a
= = +
= +

+ = =

, ,
.
V DA
,
v DC
,
khng cng phng nn
6 9 5
0
4 6
a a
a
+
= = .
ng thng
2
A l phn gic
BAC v nhn ( )
2
1;5 u =
,
lm vecto ch phng nn
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
. . 26 26 13
os , os , 1
52 . .
2 5 3
ABu AC u a
c AB u c AC u a
AB u AC u
a a
= = = =
+ +
, , , ,
, , , ,
, , , ,
Vy ta cc im , A B l: ( ) ( ) 1; 2 , 5; 4 A B .
2. Gi G l trng tm ca t din ABCD ( ) 1; 2; 3 G .
Ta c: 40 4 40 10 MA MB MC MD MG MG + + + = = =
, , , , ,
.
Vy tp hp cc im M l mt cu ( ) S tm ( ) 1; 2; 3 G , bn knh 10 R = c phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 2 3 100 x y z + + = .
Cu VIIa
Ta c:
( )
3 z z i = . V 3 z l s thc nn z l s thun o.
t ( ) z ti t = eR . Phng trnh cho c dng: 3 1 0 t t t = .
+ Nu 0 t > th
2
3 13
2
3 1 0
3 13
2
t
t t
t
+
=
. Loi nghim
3 13
2
t

= .
+ Nu 0 t < th
2
3 5
2
3 1 0
3 5
2
t
t t
t
+
=
+ + =

I
A
B
D
C
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150
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim l:
3 13
2
3 5
2
3 5
2
z i
z i
z i
+
=
+
=
.

Cu VIb
1. V BC qua ( ) 1; 5 B v vung gc vi AD nn c vecto php tuyn ( ) 2; 1 n =
,
. Suy ra
phng trnh ca BC l 2 3 0 x y + = . Vy ta im C l nghim ca h phng trnh:
( )
1
4; 5
2 3
x y
C
x y
=

.
Gi B' l im i xng ca B qua
2
CC th BB' c vecto php tuyn l ( ) 1;1 m =
,
nn
phng trnh BB' l 6 0 x y + = .
Gi
2
K BB CC ' = ta im K l nghim ca h phng trnh:
( )
6
7 5
; 6; 0 .
1 2 2
x y
K B
x y
+ =
| |
'
|
=
\ .

Do phng trnh ng AC l phng trnh ng : 2 6 0 B C x y ' = .
Ta im A l nghim ca h: ( )
2 2
4; 1
2 6
x y
A
x y
+ =

.
2. AA AA d ' ' nm trong mt phng ( ) qua v vung gc vi d .
BB d BB ' ' nm trong mt phng ( ) qua v vung gc vi d .
Suy ra: ( ) ( ) / / .
D dng lp c phng trnh mt phng ( ) : 3 2 11 0 x y z + = .
Do : ( ) ( ) ( )
3 4 1 11 11
, ,
9 4 1 14
A B d d B
+
' ' = = = =
+ +
.
Cu VIIb
t ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 1 ln 1 ln f x x x x = + + (

, ( ) 0; x e +
=
1
(2 1) ln
x
x
x
+
+
Gi ( )
1 2
, 0; x x e + vi
1 2
x x > .
Ta c :
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
2 1 2 1 0
( ) ( ) 1 1
ln ln 0
x x
f x f x x x
x x
+ > + >
> + +
`
> >

)
f(x) l hm s tng trn ( ) 0; +
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151
Do theo phng trnh (1) : ( ) ( ) f x f y x y = = . Thay y x = vo phng trnh (2) ta
c:
4
3 1 2 ( 1)( 1) 1 0 x x x m x + + + =
4
1 1
3 2 0
1 1
x x
m
x x

+ =
+ +
(3)
t
4 4
1 2
1
1 1
x
t
x x
= =
+ +
0 1 t s < .
Phng trnh (3) thnh:
2 2
3 2 0 3 2 t t m t t m + = + = (4)
H phng trnh cho c nghim phng trnh (4) c nghim | ) 0;1 t e .
t ( )
2
3 2 f t t t = + ; ( ) 6 2 f t t ' = + ; ( )
1
0
3
f t t ' = = .
Lp bng bin thin, ta tm c:
1
1
3
m < s .

24

2
4 2
6
2
m
y x mx = + + ( )
m
C
2. Tm m ( )
m
C c ba im cc tr , , A B C ( trong A thuc trc tung) sao cho t gic
ABOC l hnh bnh hnh.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2 2 2 2
os os 2 os 3 os 4 2 c x c x c x c x + + + = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )
4 4
2009 2013 2013 2009
2011
2 1
2
3
xy x y
x y x y
+ + =
+ =
.
3 2
0
2 1
1
x x
I dx
x
+
=
+
}

Cu IV (1,0 im). Trong mt phng (P) cho tam gic u ABC cnh a, I l l trung im
ca BC v D l im i xng ca A qua I. Trn ng thng vung gc vi (P) ti D ly
mt im S sao cho
a 6
SD
2
= . Gi H l hnh chiu ca I trn SA. Chng minh rng
(SAB) (SAC) v tnh theo a th tch ca khi chp H.ABC.
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho x, y, z l ba s tha 0 x y z + + = Chng minh rng : 3 4 3 4 3 4 6
x y z
+ + + + + >
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
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152
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 2 0 C x y x + + = . Vit phng trnh
tip tuyn ca ( ) C , bit gc gia tip tuyn ny v trc tung bng 30
.
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng d c phng
trnh
1 2
1 3
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +
. Lp phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua A, song song vi d v khong

cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Mt l hng c 10 sn phm, trong c 2 ph phm. Ly ty 6 sn phm t l hng .
Hy tm xc sut trong 6 sn phm c khng qu 1 ph phm.

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hypebol ( )
2 2
: 1
4 5
x y
H = v ng thng : 0 x y m A + = .
Chng minh rng A lun ct ( ) H ti hai im , M N thuc hai nhnh khc nhau ca ( ) H
( )
M N
x x < . Xc nh m
2 1
2 F N F M = ( bit
1 2
, F F ln lt l tiu im tri, phi ca
( ) H ).
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho cc mt phng:
( ) : cos sin sin 6sin 5cos 0 P x t y t z t t t + + =
( ) : sin cos cos 2cos 5sin 0 Q x t y t z t t t + + =
( ) : sin 2 cos 2 1 0 R x t y t z + = .
( y t eR: tham s)
Chng minh rng giao tuyn ca hai mt phng ( ) P v ( ) Q song song vi mt phng
( ) R .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m phng trnh:
2 4
2
1
x
x
m e e + = + c nghim thc .
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c:
( )
3 2
4 2 2 2 y x mx x x m ' = + = + .
( )
m
C c ba im cc tr , , A B C Phng trnh 0 y' = c 3 nghim phn bit
Phng trnh
2
2 0 x m + = c 2 nghim phn bit khc 0 0 m < .
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153
2
2
2
0 6
2
3
0 6
2 4
3
6
2 4
m
x y
m m
y x y
m m
x y
= =
' = = =
= =

Ta cc im cc tr l:
2
0;6
2
m
A
| |
|
\ .
,
2
3
; 6
2 4
m m
B
| |

|
|
\ .
,
2
3
;6
2 4
m m
C
| |

|
|
\ .
.
Khi
2
;
2 4
m m
BA
| |
=
|
|
\ .
,
,
2
3
; 6
2 4
m m
OC
| |
=
|
|
\ .
,
.
ABOC l hnh bnh hnh
2 2
3
6 6
4 4
m m
BA OC m = = =
, ,
.
V 0 m < nn chn 6 m = .
Cu II
1 os2 1 os4 1 os6 1 os8
2 os2 os4 os6 os8 0
2 2 2 2
c x c x c x c x
c x c x c x c x
+ + + +
+ + + = + + + =
( ) ( ) os2 os4 os6 os8 0 2cos3 cos 2cos7 cos 0 c x c x c x c x x x x x + + + = + =
( ) 2cos os3 os7 0 4cos cos 2 cos5 0 x c x c x x x x + = =
( )
2 2
cos 0
os2 0 2
2 4 2
os5 0
5
2 10 5
x k x k
x
c x x k x k k
c x
x k x k

= + = +

=

= = + = +

= + = +

eZ
2. Ta c: ( ) ( )
2009
4 4 2009 2013 2013 2009
2011
2
0 0
3
xy x y x y x y xy + = + = > > .
T phng trnh th nht ca h phng trnh ta c:
( )
4 4
1 2 2 2 xy x y xy xy = + > = ( Bt ng thc Cauchy)
1
3
xy s v
( )
2
4 4
1
2
xy
x y

+ = .
Li c: ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2
2009 2009
2009 2013 2013 2009 4 4
1
.
2
xy
x y x y xy x y xy

+ = + =
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154
( ) ( ) ( )
2008 2008
3 2011
1 1 1 2
2 . . . 2 .
2 2 3 3
xy xy
xy xy xy

= s s .
Du = xy ra
4 4
1
2
1 1
3 3
xy
xy
xy x y
x y

=
= = =
.
1 1 1 1
; , ;
3 3 3 3
S
| | | |
=
`
| |
\ . \ . )
.
Cu III
3 2
0
2 1
1
x x
I dx
x
+
=
+
}

t
2
1 1 x t x t + = = => dx=2tdt
i cn: x = 0 =>t = 1, x = 3 =>t = 2.
( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2
2 2 5
4 2 3 2
1
1 1
2 1 1 1
4
2 =2 2 3 2
5
128 4 124 54
= 16 2 14
5 5 5 5
t t
t
I tdt t t dt t
t
+
| |
= =
|
\ .
+ = =
} }

Cu IV
Chng minh: (SAB) (SAC) .
Ta c:
BC AD
BC (SAD) BC SA
BC SD (doSD (ABC))

`

)

Nh vy:
SA BC
SA (HBC)
SA IH

`
)
SA HB v
SA HC

[(SAB), (SAC)] BHC = .
Ta c:
HI AI
AHI ADS
SD AS
A A = ~ vi:
a 6
SD
2
= ,
a 3
AI
2
=
2 2 2 2
a 6 3a 2
AS AD SD (a 3) ( )
2 2
= + = + =
AI.DS a 3 a 6 2 a
HI SD . .
AS 2 2 2 3a 2
= = = =
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155
Tam gic HBC c
a
IH IB IC
2
= = = HBC A vung ti H

0
BHC 90 =
Vy: (SAB) (SAC) (pcm)
Tnh theo a th tch ca khi chp H.ABC
Ta c:
H.ABC S.ABC S.HBC
V V V =
2 3
S.ABC ABC
1 1 a 6 a 3 a 2
V SD.S . .
3 3 2 4 8
= = = (vtt).
SH l ng cao ca hnh chp S.HBC
S.HBC BCH
1
V SH.S
3
A
=
Tam gic IHC c
a a 2
IH IC , HC IHC
2 2
= = = A vung cn ti I.
IHB A vung cn ti I
a 2
HB HC
2
= =
2
2
BHC
1 1 a 2 a
S HB.HC .( )
2 2 2 4
A
= = = (vdt)
Tam gic AHB vung ti H
2
2 2 2 2 2
a 2 a a 2
AH BA BH a ( ) a
2 2 2
= = = =
3a 2 a 2 2a 2
SH SA AH a 2
2 2 2 2
= = = =
2 3
S.HBC
1 a a 2
V .a 2.
3 4 12
= = (vtt).
Vy:
3 3 3
H.ABC S.ABC S.HBC
a 2 a 2 a 2
V V V
8 12 24
= = = (vtt).

Cu V
4
3 4 1 1 1 4 4 4
x x x
+ = + + + >
8 4
3 4 2 4 2. 4
x x x
+ > =
Tng t:
8
3 4 2. 4
y x
+ > ;
8
3 4 2 4
z z
+ >
Cng v theo v cc bt ng thc trn v tip tc p dng bt ng thc Cauchy ta c:
8 8 8
3 4 3 4 3 4 2 4 4 4
x y z x y z (
+ + + + + > + +
(

3 8 24
6 4 .4 .4 6 4 6
x y z x y z + +
> > = .
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
A
H
B
I
C
D
S
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156
1. Ta c h s gc ca tip tuyn A cn tm l 3 .
Do
1
: 3 0 x y b A + = tip xc (C) ( )
1
, d I R A =

3
1 2 3
2
b
b
= = + . Suy ra:
1
: 3 2 3 0 x y A + = .

2
: 3 0 x y b A + + = tip xc (C) ( )
2
, d I R A =

3
1 2 3
2
b
b
= = + . Suy ra
2
: 3 2 3 0 x y A + + = .
2.Gi H l hnh chiu ca A trn d, mt phng (P) i qua A v (P)//d, khi khong cch
gia d v (P) l khong cch t H n (P).
Gi s im I l hnh chiu ca H ln (P), ta c HI AH > => HI ln nht khi A I
Vy (P) cn tm l mt phng i qua A v nhn AH lm vct php tuyn.
) 3 1 ; ; 2 1 ( t t t H d H + + e v H l hnh chiu ca A trn d nn
. 0 ( (2;1;3) AH d AH u u = =
, , ,
l vc t ch phng ca d ) 5 ; 1 ; 7 ( ) 4 ; 1 ; 3 ( AH H
Vy (P): 7(x 10) + (y 2) 5(z + 1) = 0 7x + y -5z -77 = 0.
Cu VIIa
S cch chn 6 sn phm bt k trong 10 sn phm l:
6
10
210 C = .
S cch chn 6 sn phm m c 1 ph phm l:
1 5
2 8
112 C C = .
S cch chn 6 sn phm m khng c ph phm no:
6
8
28 C = .
Suy ra: S cch chn 6 sn phm m c khng qu 1 ph phm l: 112 28 140. + =
Vy xc sut cn tm l:
140 2
210 3
P = = .
Cu VIb
1. ( )
2 2
2 2
: 1 5 4 20 0
4 5
x y
H x y = = .
T phng trnh ca ( ) H ta suy ra: 2, 5, 3 a b c = = = .
Nhnh tri ca ( ) H ng vi 2 x s , nhnh phi ca ( ) H ng vi 2 x > .
Phng trnh honh giao im ca ( ) H v A l:
( )
( )
2
2 2 2
5 4. 20 0 8 4 5 0 x x m x mx m + = + = .
V
( )
2
1 2
4 5 0 P x x m m = = + < nn phng trnh ( ) 1 lun c hai nghim tri du m .
Do A lun ct ( ) H ti hai im , M N thuc hai nhnh khc nhau.
Theo gi thit
M N
x x < nn M thuc nhnh tri, N thuc nhnh phi.
( ) H c cc tiu im ( ) ( )
1 2
3; 0 , 3; 0 F F .
2
3 3
2 2
2 2
N N N
c
F N a x x x
a
= = = ( do 2
N
x > ).
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157
1
3 3
2 2
2 2
M M M
c
F M a x x x
a
= + = + = ( do 2
M
x s ).
Ta c:
2 1
3 3
2 2 2 3 6 4 0
2 2
N M N M
F N F M x x x x
| |
= = + + =
|
\ .
(1).
( )
( )
( )
2
8 2
4 5 3
M N
M N
x x m
x x m
+ =
= +
.
T (1) v (2) ta c:
4
8
3
M
x m = ,
4
16
3
N
x m = + .
Thay ,
M N
x x vo (3) ta c:
( )
2
4 4
8 16 4 5
3 3
m m m
| | | |
+ = +
| |
\ . \ .

2
12 1415
279 72 41 0
93
m m m

+ = = .
2. Gi d l giao tuyn ca hai mt phng ( ) P v ( ) Q .
Gi u
,
l vecto ch phng ca d v
1 2
, n n
, ,
ln lt l vecto php tuyn ca ( ) ( ) , P Q .
Ta c: ( )
1
cos ;sin ;sin n t t t =
,
, ( )
2
sin ; cos ;cos n t t t =
,
.
Suy ra: ( )
1 2
; sin 2 ; os2 ; 1 u n n t c t
(
= =

, , ,
.
Vecto php tuyn ca ( ) R l ( )
3
sin 2 ; os2 ;1 n t c t =
,
.
Xt
2 2
3 3
. sin 2 os 2 1 0 u n t c t u n = + =
, , , ,
.
Chn
2 2
5
4sin 2 5cos 2 ; 6sin 2cos sin 2 ;0
2
M t t t t t d
| |
+ + e
|
\ .
.
Nhng ( ) M R e .
Vy d song song vi mt phng ( ) R .
Cu VIIb
t
2
x
t e = , 0 t >
4 4 4 4
1 1 m t t m t t + = + = + (*)
Xt hm s:
4 4
( ) 1 f t t t = + ; ( ) 0; t e + .
3
4
4
4
'( ) 1 0
1
t
f t
t
| |
= <
|
+
\ .
hm s ( ) f t nghch bin trn ( ) 0; + .
Ta c: ( ) 0 1 f =

( )( )
4 4 4 4
4 2
4 4 4 4
1 1
1
lim ( ) lim lim
1 1
t t t
t t t t
t t
f t
t t t t
+ + +
+ + +
+
= =
+ + + +

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158

( )( )
( )( ) ( )( )
4 2 4 2
4 4 2 4 4 2 4 4
1 1
1
lim lim 0
1 1 1 1
t t
t t t t
t t t t t t t t
+ +
+ + +
= = =
+ + + + + + + +
.
Phng trnh cho c nghim phng trnh (*) c nghim 0 1 m < < .

25

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s:
3 2
1
1
3
y x x x = + + + ( ) C v ba im ( ) ( )
22 27
1;1 , 0; 2 , ;
5 5
A B C
| |
|
\ .
.
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn A vi th ( ) C bit rng giao im ca A v ng thng
: 1 d y x = + l trng tm ca ABC . .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
4 4
4
sin 2 os 2
os 4
tan( ). tan( )
4 4
x c x
c x
x x

+
=
+

2. Gii h phng trnh:
4 4 2 2
4 4 2 2
2 6
2
8 6 0
x y x y x y
y x y x y x
x y x
| |
+ + + + =
|
\ .
+ + =
.
Cu III (1,0 im). Tnh tch phn :
1
2 2
0
.ln(1 ) I x x dx = +
}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho lng tr tam gic ABC.A
1
B
1
C
1
c tt c cc cnh bng a, gc to bi cnh bn v mt
phng y bng 30
0
. Hnh chiu H ca im A trn mt phng (A
1
B
1
C
1
) thuc ng thng
B
1
C
1
. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng thng AA
1
v B
1
C
1
theo a.
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , b, c a eR. Chng minh rng : sin .sin .sin cos .cos .cos 1 a b c a b c + s
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, lp phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng d bit ng thng d
i qua im M(1; 3) v chn trn cc trc ta nhng on thng c di bng nhau.
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho hai ng thng cho nhau :
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159
( )
1
1
: 2
2
x t
d y t t
z t
=
= e
= +
R v
1
1
3
1
1
:
2
=
z y x
d .
Lp phng trnh mt phng song song v cch u hai ng thng d
1
v d
2
.
Cu VII a (1,0 im) Gii phng trnh:
x x
sin cos 1
n n
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .
vi 2 n < eN .

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy cho ng trn (C): x
2
+ y
2
6x + 2y + 6 = 0, v im A(1;
3). Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua A v ct (C), ti B, C sao cho BA = BC
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai ng thng vi phng trnh:
1
1 1 1
:
1 2 2
x y z
d

= = ;
2
1 3
:
1 2 2
x y z
d
+
= =

.
Gi I l giao im ca
1
d v
2
d . Lp phng trnh ng thng d qua ( ) 0; 1; 2 P ct
1 2
, d d ln lt ti , A B I = sao cho AI AB = .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2
ln 1 ln 1
12 20 0
x y x y
x xy y
+ + =
+ =
.
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Phng trnh tip tuyn A ca ( ) C ti im ( )
3 2
0 0 0 0
1
; 1
3
x x x x C
| |
+ + + e
|
\ .
l:
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
3 2 3 2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 2
1 1 1 1
3 3
y x x x x x x y x x x x = + + + + + = + + .
( )
( )
( )
2
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
2 3 3
2 3
;
3 2 3 2
x x
x x
G d G
x x
| |
+ +
+
| = A
|
+ +
\ .
, (
0 0
0; 2 x x = = ).
im G l trng tm ca ABC .
( )
( )
( )
2
0 0
0
2
0 0
0
22
1 0
2 3 9
5
3 2 3 5
27
1 2
2 3 3
14
5
3 2 3 5
x x
x
x x
x
+ +
+
= =
+ +
+ +
= =
.
Gii h phng trnh ny ta thu c:
0
3 x = hoc
0
9
5
x = ( tha iu kin).
Ta thu c cc tip tuyn nh sau: 16 26 y x = ;
16 206
25 125
y x = + .
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160
Cu II
1. iu kin : ,
4 2
x k k

= + eZ.
Ta c :
4 4 2 2
tan( ) tan( ) tan( ) cot( ) 1
4 4 4 4
1 1 1
sin 2 os 2 1 sin 4 os 4
2 2 2
x x x x
x c x x c x

+ = =
+ = = +

Phng trnh cho tng ng vi :
2
4 2
2
os 4 1
2cos 4 os 4 1 0
1
os 4
2
c x
x c x
c x
=
=

=
.
Loi :
2
1
os 4
2
c x = .
2
os 4 1 sin 4 0
4
c x x x k
= = = ( ) k eZ .
Kt hp iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l ,
2
x k k
= eZ.
2. t , 2
x y
t t
y x
= + > .
Phng trnh th nht ca h tr thnh:
4 2
5 6 0 t t t + + = .
Xt hm s: ( ) ( | | )
4 2
5 6, ; 2 2; f t t t t t = + + e + .
Ta c: ( )
3
4 10 1 f t t t ' = + ; ( )
2
12 10 0 f t t '' = > ( | | ) ; 2 2; t e + .
Suy ra ( ) f t ' ng bin trn cc na khong ( | ; 2 , | ) 2; + .
Do vi 2 t s th ( ) ( ) 2 0 f t f ' ' s < v vi 2 t > th ( ) ( ) 2 0 f t f ' ' > > .
Da vo bng bin thin , nhn thy ( ) 0 f t = c nghim duy nht 2 t = .
Vi 2 t = ta c: ( )
2
2 2
2 2 0
x y
x y xy x y y x
y x
+ = + = + = = .
Thay y x = vo phng trnh th hai ca h ta c:
6 2
8 6 0 x x x + + = (*)
+ Vi 0 x s th phng trnh (*) v nghim.
+ Vi 0 x > :
Xt hm s: ( )
6 2
8 6 f x x x x = + +
( )
5
6 2 8 f x x x ' = + ; ( ) ( )
4
30 2 0 0; f x x x '' = + > e + .
Suy ra: ( ) f x ' ng bin trong ( ) 0; + v ( ) 1 0 f ' = . Do trong ( ) 0; + , phng trnh
( ) 0 f x ' = c nghim duy nht 1 x = .
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161
Da vo bng bin thin, ta suy ra c 1 x = l nghim duy nht ca phng trnh (*).
Vy ( ) 1; 1 l nghim ca h phng trnh cho.
Cu III
t
2
2
2
3
2
ln(1 )
1
1
3
x
du dx
u x
x
dv x dx
v x
= +
+

=

=
1 1 4
3 2
2
0 0
1 2
.ln(1 )
3 3 1
x
I x x dx
x
= +
+
}
.
1 1 4
2
2 2
0 0
1 2
1 ...
1 1 3 4
x
J dx x dx
x x
| |
= = + = =
|
+ +
\ .
} }

Vy
1 4
.ln 2
3 9 6
I

= + + .

Cu IV
Do ) (
1 1 1
C B A AH nn gc H AA
1
Z l gc
gia AA
1
v (A
1
B
1
C
1
), theo gi thit th
0
1
30 AA H =
Xt tam gic vung AHA
1
c AA
1
= a

1
AAH =30
0

2
3
1
a
H A = .
Do tam gic A
1
B
1
C
1
l tam gic u cnh a, H thuc B
1
C
1
v
2
3
1
a
H A = nn A
1
H vung
gc vi B
1
C
1
. Mt khc
1 1
C B AH nn ) (
1 1 1
H AA C B
K ng cao HK ca tam gic AA
1
H th HK chnh l khong cch gia AA
1
v B
1
C
1
Ta c AA
1
.HK = A
1
H.AH
4
3 .
1
1
a
AA
AH H A
HK = = .
Cu V
Trong mt phng ta Oxy chn cc vecto nh sau:
( )
2 2
sin , cos sin os 1. u a a u a c a = = + =
, ,

( )
2 2 2 2
sin sin ;cos cos sin sin os os v b c b c v b c c bc c = = +
, ,

2 2 2 2
. . sin .sin .sin cos .cos .cos sin sin os os u v u v a b c a b c b c c bc c s + s +
, , , ,

M
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
sin sin os os os 1 sin sin 1 os b c c bc c c b c b c c + = +
2 2 2 2 2 2
os os sin sin sin cos c b c b c b b c = +
2 2 2 2
1 os sin sin co 1. c b c b s c = s
A
1

A B
C
C
B
1
K
H
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162
Du bng xy ra
sin sin sin 1
.
cos cos cos 1
a b c
a b c
= = =

= = =

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. V ( ) ( ) ; 0 , 0; d Ox A a d Oy B b = nn d c phng trnh l: 1
x y
a b
+ = .
( )
1 3
1;3 1 M d
a b
e + = .
Theo ta c: b a = .
+ Nu b a = th
4
1 4 a
a
= = hay 4 a b = = .
+ Nu b a = th
2
1 2 2 a b
a
= = = .
Do phng trnh ca ng thng d l: 4 0 x y + = ; 2 0 x y + =
2. ng thng d
1
i qua A(1; 0; -2) v c vect ch phng l
1
( 1; 2;1) u =
,

ng thng d
2
i qua B(0; 1; 1) v c vect ch phng l
2
(1; 3; 1) u =
,

Vy phng trnh mt phng (P) l :
1 1
1. 0 1. 0 0
2 2
x z x z
| | | |
+ + + = + =
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu VIIa
Khi n 2 > , r rng phng trnh c mt nghim 2. x = Cn chng minh 2 x = l nghim
duy nht ca phng trnh . Tht vy! Ta c 0 sin 1
n
< < v 0 os 1 c
n
< < .
Nu 2 x > th
2
sin sin
x
n n
| | | |
<
| |
\ . \ .
v
2
os os
x
c c
n n
| | | |
<
| |
\ . \ .
th
2 2
sin os sin os 1 .
x x
c c
n n n n
| | | | | | | |
+ < + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

Nu 2 x < th
2
sin sin
x
n n
| | | |
>
| |
\ . \ .
v
2
os os
x
c c
n n
| | | |
>
| |
\ . \ .
th
2 2
sin os sin os 1 .
x x
c c
n n n n
| | | | | | | |
+ > + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

iu ny chng t 2 x = khng phi l nghim ca phng trnh. Vy 2 x = l nghim
duy nht ca phng trnh cho.

Gi E trung im AB , v (P) l mt phng qua )
2
1
;
2
1
;
2
1
( E song song 2 ng thng d
1
,d
2

th (P) l mt phng phi tm .
Ta c
1 2
, u u
(

, ,
= (-5;0;-5) nn (1; 0;1) n =
,
l mt vct php tuyn ca (P) .
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163
Cu VIb
1. ng trn c tm I(3;-1) ; bn knh R = 2.v R IA = > = 2 5 2 A ngoi ng trn
.
Gi d l ng thng qua A ct (C) ti B,C sao cho AB=BC ta c :
16 4 20 2 .
2 2 2
= = = AB R AI AC AB BE BC AB 2 2 2 = = =
Vi E l trung im BC 2 = BE 2 ) , ( = d I d .
ng thng d qua ( ) 1; 3 A , nhn ( ) , n a b =
,
lm vecto php tuyn nn c phng
trnh: ( ) ( ) 1 3 0 3 0 a x b y ax by a b + = + =
( )
2 2
0 a b + >
( )
2 2 2 2
2 2
3 3
, 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
a b a b
d I d a b a b a b a b
a b

= = = + = +
+
( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 4 4 8 7 0
7
a b
a ab b a b a ab b
a b
=
+ = + + =

=

+ Vi a b = , chn 1 a b = = . Do d c phng trnh l 4 0 x y + =
+ Vi 7 a b = , chn 1 7 b a = = . Do d c phng trnh l 7 10 0 x y + = .
Vy c 2 ng thng d tho mn yu cu bi ton l: 4 0 x y + = ; 7 10 0 x y + = .
2. D dng tm c im ( ) 1;1;1 I .
( ) ( )
1 2
1 ;1 2 ;1 2 , ; 1 2 ; 3 2 A d A a a a B d B b b b e + + + e + .
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
4 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 AI AB AI AB a a a b a b a b a = = + + = + + +
2 2 2 2
9 9 9 2 2 18 9 2 2 18 9 0 a b a ab a b b ab a b = + + + + + + + + = .
Chn 1 b = , ta c: 4 36 0 9 a a + = = . Suy ra: ( ) ( ) 8; 17; 17 , 1; 3; 5 A B .
ng thng d qua ( ) 0; 1; 2 P nhn ( ) 7;14; 22 AB =
,
phng trnh tham s l:
1 2
7 14 22
x y z +
= =
.
Cu VIIb
iu kin 1, 1 x y > > .
Ta c:
2 2
2
12 20 0
10
x y
x xy y
x y
=
+ =

=
(*)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ln 1 ln 1 ln 1 ln 1 x y x y x x y y + + = + = + (**)
Xt hm s: ( ) ( ) ln 1 f t t t = + , 1 t >
( )
1
1
1 1
t
f t
t t
' = =
+ +

( ) 0 0 f t t ' = = .
Da vo bng bin thin ta s thy: nu phng trnh (**) c nghim ( ) , x y vi x y = th
, x y phi l hai s tri du , nhng iu ny mu thun vi (*). Vy h phng trnh phi
c nghim 0 x y = = .

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164

26

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s:
4 2
2 4 y x mx = + ( )
m
C
2. Tm cc gi tr ca m tt c cc cc tr ca ( )
m
C nm trn cc trc ta .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
5 os2
2cos
3 2tan
c x
x
x
+
=
+
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
1
1 1
3
xy xy x
y y y
x x x
+ + =
+ = +

Cu III (1,0 im). Tnh tch phn :
( )
5
1
2 1 2 1 I x x x x dx = + +
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh lng tr ABC.ABC c y l tam gic u cnh a, hnh chiu
vung gc ca A ln mt phng (ABC) trng vi tm O ca tam gic ABC. Tnh th tch khi
lng tr ABC.ABC bit khong cch gia AA v BC l
a 3
4
.
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , , 0 x y z > . Chng minh rng:
( )
( )( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
3 3
9
xyz x y z x y z
x y z xy yz zx
+ + + + +
+
s
+ + + +

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, hy tnh din tch tam gic u ni tip elip ( )
2 2
: 1
16 4
x y
E + = ,
nhn im ( ) 0; 2 A lm nh v trc tung lm trc i xng.
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz , tm , , M N P ln lt thuc cc ng thng
1 2 3
1 2 2 1 1
: , : , :
1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1
x y z x y z x y z
d d d

= = = = = =

sao cho , , M N P thng
hng ng thi N l trung im ca on thng MP .
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
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165
Gii h phng trnh:
3 5
5 3
3 5 log 5 log
3 log 1 log 1
y x
x y

Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy, tnh din tch tam gic u ni tip parabol ( )
2
: 2 P y x = ,
nhn nh ca parabol lm mt nh v trc honh Ox lm trc i xng.
2 2 2
: 2 2 2 0 S x y z x z + + + = . Tm im A
thuc mt cu sao cho khong cch t A n mt phng ( ) : 2 2 6 0 P x y z + + = ln nht.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Cho hm s
( )
( )
2 2 3
1 4

m
mx m x m m
y C
x m
+ + + +
=
+
. Tm m mt im cc tr ca ( )
m
C
thuc gc phn t th I , mt im cc tr ca ( )
m
C thuc gc phn t th III ca h ta
Oxy .
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c:
( )
3 2
4 4 4 y x mx x x m ' = + = + ;
2
0
0
x
y
x m
=
' =

=
.
Nu 0 m s th ( )
m
C ch c mt im cc tr v l im cc i nm trn trc tung.
Nu 0 m > th ( )
m
C c 3 im cc tr.Mt cc tiu nm trn trc tung v hai im cc i
c ta
( ) ( )
2 2
; 4 , ; 4 m m m m .Hai im cc i ny ch c th nm trn trc
honh. Do
2
4 0 2 m m = = . Nhng do 0 m > nn chn 2 m = .
Vy ( | { } ; 0 2 me l nhng gi tr cn tm tha mn yu cu bi ton.

Cu II
1. iu kin
3
tan , cos 0
2
x x = = .
Vi iu kin trn, phng trnh cho tng ng vi :
( )
2 2 2 2
5 os sin 2 3cos 2sin os 6cos 5 sin 4sin c x x x x c x x x x + = + + = +
( ) ( ) ( )( )
2 2
cos 3 sin 2 cos sin 1 cos sin 5 0 x x x x x x = + + =
1
cos sin 1 2 sin 1 sin
4 4 2
x x x x
| | | |
+ = + = + =
| |
\ . \ .

2 2
4 4
3 2
2
2
4 4
x k x k
x k
x k

= + = +

= +
+ = +

( ) k eZ .
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166
i chiu vi iu kin chn nghim 2 x k = , ( ) k eZ .
2. iu kin 0, 0 x y > > .
( )
1
1 1 3
xy xy x
xy xy x xy
+ + =
+ = +
.
t , 0 t xy t = > . H phng trnh trn thnh:
( )
2
3
1
1 1 3
t t x
t x t
+ + =
+ = +
.
Suy ra:
( )( ) ( )
3 2 3 2 2
1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 2 2 0 0 t t t t t t t t t t t + = + + + + + = + + = = .
Vi 0 t = , thay vo h phng trnh trn ta c
1
0
x
y
=
.
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht l: ( ) 1; 0 .
Cu III
Ta c:
( )
5 2 5
1 1 2
34
1 1 1 1 2 1 ...
3
I x x dx dx x dx
| |
= + + = + = =
|
\ .
} } }
.

Cu IV
Gi M l trung im BC ta thy:
)
`
BC O A
BC AM
'
) ' ( AM A BC K , ' AA MH
(do
A nhn nn H thuc trong on AA.)

Do BC HM
AM A HM
AM A BC

)
`
) ' (
) ' (
.
Vy HM l an vng gc chung caAAv BC, do
4
3
) BC , A' ( a HM A d = = .
Xt 2 tam gic ng dng AAO v AMH, ta c:
AH
HM
AO
O A
=
'

suy ra
3
a
a 3
4
4
3 a
3
3 a
AH
HM . AO
O ' A = = = .
Th tch khi lng tr:
3
1 1 3 3
' . ' . .
2 2 3 2 12
ABC
a a a
V A O S A O AM BC a = = = =
Cu V
( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1. 1. 1. 3 3. x y z x y z x y z x y z + + s + + + + s + + .
A
B
C
C
B
A
H
O
M
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167
Ta li c: ( )
2
2 2 2
3
3 x y z xyz + + > v ( )
2
3
3 xy yz zx xyz + + > .
Do
( )
( )( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
3
1 3
.3
xyz x y z x y z
xyz x y z
x y z xy yz zx
x y z xyz
+ + + + +
+ + +
s
+ + + +
+ +
=
=
3
2 2 2
1 3 1 3 3 3
. .
3 9 3 3
xyz
x y z
+ + +
s =
+ +

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. im B v C i xng nhau qua trc tung nn ( ) ( )
0 0 0 0
; , ; B x y C x y vi
0
0 x > .
di cnh ca tam gic u l
0
2 a x = .
di ng cao:
0
2 h y = .
Ta c:
0 0 0 0
3
2 3 2 3
2
a
h y x y x = = = .
Suy ra:
( ) ( ) 0 0 0 0
; 2 3 , ; 2 3 B x x C x x .
( )
( )
2
0
2
0
2 0
0 0
0
0
2 3
1 13 16 3 0
16 3
16 4
13
x
x
x
B E x x
x
=

e + = =

=
.
V
0
0 x > nn chn
0
16 3
13
x = . Suy ra
16 3 22 16 3 22
; , ;
13 13 13 13
B C
| | | |

| |
| |
\ . \ .
.
Din tch tam gic u
2
2
3 3 32 3 768 3
4 4 13 169
a
S
| |
= = =
|
|
\ .
.
2. ( )
1
1 ; 2 2 ; 2 M d M m m m e + +
( )
2
2 2 ; 2 ;1 N d N n n n e +
( )
3
2 ; ;1 P d P p p p e +
N l trung im
15
2 1 4 4 4 2 3
19
2 2 4 2 4 2
2
2 1 2 2 2 2 1
10
m
m p n m n p
MP m p n m n p n
m p n m n p
p
=
+ + = + + =

+ + = + = =

+ + = + + + =

=
.
Suy ra: ( ) ( )
21
14; 28;30 , 17; 19; , 20; 10; 9
2
M N P
| |

|
\ .

Hay ( )
39
3;9; , 6;18; 39
2
MN MP
| |
= =
|
\ .
, ,
.
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168
Ta thy
1
2
MN MP =
, ,
. Nh vy ( ) ( )
21
14; 28;30 , 17; 19; , 20; 10; 9
2
M N P
| |

|
\ .
l ba
im thng hng cn tm.

Cu VIIa
iu kin: 5, 0 243 x y > < s .
t
5 3
log 1, 5 log a x b y = = ; , 0 a b > .
H phng trnh cho tr thnh:
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
2
3 4
3 3 0
3
3 4
b a b a
b a b a b a b a
b a
a b
= =
= + =

=
=
.
+ Vi b a = thay vo phng trnh th nht ca h ta c:
2
1
3 4 0
4 0
a
a a
a
=
+ =

= <
.
Do tm c 1, 1 a b = = . Suy ra
25
81
x
y
=
.
+ Vi 3 b a = thay vo phng trnh th nht ca h ta c:
2
3 5 0 a a + = . Phng
trnh ny v nghim.
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht : ( ) 25;81 .
Cu VIb
1. im A v B i xng nhau qua trc honh nn ( ) ( )
0 0 0 0
; , ; A x y B x y vi
0
0 y > .
di cnh ca tam gic u l
0
2 a y = .
di ng cao:
0
h x = .
Ta c:
0 0
3
3
2
a
h x y = = .
Suy ra:
( ) ( ) 0 0 0 0
3; , 3; B y y C y y .
( )
0
2 2
0 0 0 0
0
0
2 3 2 3 0
2 3
y
B P y y y y
y
=
e = =

=
.
V
0
0 y > nn chn
0
2 3 y = . Suy ra
( ) ( )
6; 2 3 , 6; 2 3 A B .
Din tch tam gic u
( )
2
2
3 3
2 3 3 3
4 4
a
S = = = .
2. Cch 1: Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
: 1 1 4 S x y z + + + = c tm ( ) 1; 0; 1 I , bn knh 2 R =
( ) : 2 2 6 0 P x y z + + = c vecto php tuyn l: ( ) 2; 2;1 n =
,

Gi d l ng thng i qua tm ( ) 1; 0; 1 I v vung gc vi ( ) P . Suy ra d c phng
trnh l:
1 2
2
1
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +
.
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169
Ta giao im A ca d vi mt cu ( ) S c phng trnh l:
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2
2 2 4
3
t t t t + + = = . Suy ra:
1 2
7 4 1 1 4 5
; ; , ; ;
3 3 3 3 3 3
A A
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .
.
D dng tnh c: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2
13 1
, ,
3 3
d A P d A P = > = .
Vy ta im A cn tm l:
7 4 1
; ;
3 3 3
A
| |

|
\ .
.
Cch 2:
Gii s im ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
0 0 0 0 0 0
; ; 1 1 4 A x y x S x y z e + + + = .
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 1 2 1 7 2 1 2 1 2 2 6 7
,
3 3 3 3
x y z x y z x y z
d A P
+ + + + + + +
= = s +

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
0 0 0 0 0 0
2 1 2 1 9 1 1 9.4 6 x y z x y z
(
+ + s + + + = =

Suy ra: ( ) ( )
13
,
3
d A P s .
Du = xy ra
( ) ( )
2 2
2
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 1 4
1 1
2 2 1
x y z
x y z
+ + + =

+
= =

.
Gii h phng trnh ny ta tm c
0 0 0
7 4 1
, ,
3 3 3
x y z = = = .
Vy ( ) ( )
13
max ,
3
d A P = khi
7 4 1
; ;
3 3 3
A
| |

|
\ .
.

Cu VIIb
Ta c:
( )
2 2 3
2
2 3 mx m x m
y
x m
+
' =
+

Hm s c cc tr Phng trnh 0 y' = c 2 nghim phn bit phng trnh
2 2 3
2 3 0 mx m x m + = c hai nghim phn bit khc 0 m m = .
Ta cc im cc tr l:
( )
2
;3 1 A m m + ,
( )
2
3 ; 5 1 B m m + .
V
2
3 1 0 m + > nn mt cc tr ca ( )
m
C thuc gc phn t th I , mt cc tr ca ( )
m
C
thuc gc phn t th III ca h ta Oxy th :
2
0
0
1
3 0 1 1
5
5 5 5 1 0
m
m
m m
m m
m
>
>

< >

< v >

+ <
.

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170

27

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s:
2 1
1
x
y
x
+
=
+
( ) C
2. Tm ta im M thuc ( ) C sao cho khong cch t giao im hai tim cn n tip tuyn A
ca ( ) C ti M l ln nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh: ( )
sin3
sin 2 os2 tan sin os
cos
x
x c x x x c x
x
+ = + .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
2 2
2011 2013
2011 2013
1
2014
x y
x y y x x y xy
+ =
= + + +

Cu III (1,0 im). Tnh th tch khi trn xoay to thnh khi hnh phng gii hn bi
th hm s
1
x
x
xe
y
e
=
+
, trc honh v ng thng 1 x = quay quanh trc honh.
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Hnh chp t gic u SABCD c khong cch t A n mt phng ( ) SBC bng 2. Vi gi
tr no ca gc o gia mt bn v mt y ca chp th th tch ca chp nh nht?
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho x, y, z > 0 tha mn 1 xyz = . Chng minh rng:
1
1 1
9
3
xy yz zx
y
x z
x y z
+ +
s .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho tam gic ABC c phng trnh cha ng cao v ng
trung tuyn k t nh A ln lt c phng trnh l: 2 13 0, 13 6 9 0 x y x y = = . Tm
ta , B C bit tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC l ( ) 5;1 I .
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz , cho im ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 0; 0 , 2; 1; 2 , 1;1; 3 A B C v
ng thng
1 2
:
1 2 2
x y x
A = =
. Vit phng trnh mt cu c tm thuc ng thng A,

i qua im A v ct mt phng ( ) ABC theo mt ng trn c bn knh nh nht.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Cho s phc
1 2
, z z tha mn
1 2 1 2
0 z z z z = = > . Tnh
4 4
1 2
2 1
z z
A
z z
| | | |
= +
| |
\ . \ .
.
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171
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy,cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 1 C x y + = v ng thng
: 0 d x y m + + = . Tm m d ct ( ) C ti , A B sao ch ABO . c din tch ln nht.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) 1; 2;3 M . Vit phng trnh mt cu tm M v ct
mt phng Oxy theo thit din l ng trn ( ) C c chu vi bng 8 .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii bt phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2
5
1
4 3 1 log 2 8 6 1 0
5
x
x x x x
x
+ + + + + s .

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Gi ( )
0
0
0
2 1
;
1
x
M x C
x
| | +
e
|
+
\ .
vi
0
1 x = .
Tip tuyn A ca ( ) C ti M l:
( )
( ) ( ) ( )( )
2
0
0 0 0 0 0 2
0
0
2 1 1
1 2 1 1 0
1
1
x
y x x x x y x x x
x
x
+
= + + + + + =
+
+
.
Gi I l giao im hai tim cn. D dng tm c ( ) 1; 2 I .
Ta c:
( )
( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
0 0 0 0
0
4 4
2
2
0 0
0 2
0
1 1 .2 2 1 1
2 1 2
,
1
1 1 1 1
1
1
x x x x
x
d I
x x
x
x
+ + + + +
+
A = = =
+ + + +
+ +
+
.
( )
( )
2
0 2
0
1
1 2
1
x
x
+ + >
+
.
Suy ra: ( ) , 2 d I A s .
Du = xy ra khi v ch khi
( )
( ) ( )
2 4
0 0 2
0
1
1 1 1
1
x x
x
= + + =
+

0 0
0
0 0
1 1 0
1 1
1 1 2
x x
x
x x
+ = =
+ =

+ = =

.
Vy c hai im M tha yu cu bi ton: ( ) ( ) 2; 3 , 0;1 .

Cu II
1. iu kin ( ) cos 0
2
x x k k
= = + eZ .
( ) sin 2 sin os2 sin sin3 cos sin cos x x c x x x x x x + = +
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172
( ) sin 2 sin os2 sin sin 2 cos os2 sin cos sin cos x x c x x x x c x x x x x + + = +
( ) ( ) sin 2 sin cos cos sin cos x x x x x x + = +
( )( ) cos sin cos 2sin 1 0 x x x x + = ( )( ) sin os 2sin 1 0 x c x x + = ( v cos 0 x = ).
( )
4
tan 1
sin cos 0
2
1
2sin 1 0 6 sin
2
5
2
6
x
x
x x
x k k
x x
x k
=
+ =

= +

= =
= +
eZ ( tha mn iu kin)

2.
T phng trnh th nht ca h ta suy ra: 1 , 1 x y s s .
Do : ( )( ) 2014 1 1 2013 0 x y xy x y + + + = + + + > .
+ Nu x y > th phng trnh th hai ca h c v tri dng, v phi m. iu ny v l.
+ Nu x y < th phng trnh th hai ca h c v tri m, v phi dng. iu ny v l.
+ Nu x y = th phng trnh th hai ca h tha mn. Thay vo phng trnh th nht ta
c:
2
1
2 1
2
x x = = .
Vy h phng trnh cho c hai nghim l:
1 1
;
2 2
| |
|
\ .
,
1 1
;
2 2
| |

|
\ .
.
Cu III
Ta c: 0 0
1
x
x
xe
x
e
= =
+
.
Suy ra hnh phng cho l hnh thang cong gii hn bi cc ng
; 0; 0; 1
1
x
x
xe
y y x x
e
= = = =
+
.
Gi V l th tch khi trn xoay.Ta c:
( )
1
2
0 1
x
x
xe
dx
e
V
+
=
}
.
Theo cng thc tch phn tng phn ta c:
( )
1
1 1 1
2
0 0 0 0
1
1
1 1 1 1
1
x x
x x x
x
xe x dx e
dx dx
e e e e
e
| |
= + = +
|
+ + + +
\ . +
} } }

( ) ( )
1
0
1 1
ln 1 ln
1 1 2
x
e e
x e
e e
+
= + + =
+ +
.
Vy
1
ln
1 2
e e
V
e
+ | |
=
|
+
\ .
.
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173
Cu IV
Gi M, N l trung im BC, AD, gi H l hnh chiu vung gc t N xung SM. Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
ABCD 2
SMN , d A; SBC d N; SBC NH 2
NH 2 4
MN S MN
sin sin sin
tan 1
SI MI. tan
sin cos
= o = = =
= = = =
o o o
o
= o = =
o o

SABCD 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2
SABCD
2 2
1 4 1 4
V
3 sin cos 3.sin .cos
sin sin 2cos 2
sin .sin .2cos
3 3
1
sin .cos
3
V min sin .cos max
1
sin 2cos cos
3
= =
o o o o
o+ o+ o
o o o s =
o o s
o o
o = o o =

Cu V

Ly
3
log hai v, ta c:
3 3 3
1 1 1
log log log
3
xy yz zx
x y z
x y z xyz
+ +
+ + s
( )
3 3 3
1 1 1 1 1 1
3 log log log 1 x y z
x y z x y z
| |
+ + s + +
|
\ .

t
3 3 3
log , b = log , c = log a x y z = .
Gi thit 3 xyz = tr thnh 1 a b c + + = .
T ( )
1 1 1
1 3
3 3 3 3 3 3
a b c a b c
a b c | |
+ + s + +
|
\ .

( )
1 1 1
3
3 3 3 3 3 3
a b c a b c
a b c
a b c
| | | |
+ + s + + + +
| |
\ . \ .

( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 1 1 1 1
0
3 3 3 3 3 3
a b b c c a
a b b c c a
| | | | | |
+ + s
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
.
N
M I
D
A
B
C
S
H
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174
iu ny lun ng, vy bt ng thc cho c chng minh.

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. A l giao im ca ng cao v ng trung tuyn xut pht t A. Suy ra ( ) 3; 8 A .
Gi M l trung im BC / / IM AH .
D dng tm c phng trnh : 2 7 0 IM x y + = .
Ta im M tha mn: ( )
2 7 0
3;5
13 6 9 0
x y
M
x y
+ =

.
Phng trnh ng thng ( ) : 2 3 5 0 2 11 0 BC x y x y + = + = .
( ) ;11 2 BC B a B a e .
Ta c:
2
4
6 8 0
2
a
IA IB a a
a
=
= + =

=
.
T suy ra: ( ) ( ) 4; 3 , 2; 7 B C hoc ( ) ( ) 2; 7 , 4; 3 B C .
2. D dng lp c phng trnh mt phng ( ) : 1 0. ABC x y z =
( ) 1 ; 2 ; 2 2 I t I t t eA + .
Khi ( ) ( )
( )
2
2
2 2
2 1 6 2 4 8
, 2
3 3
t t t
r IA d I ABC
+ + + +
= = = > .
Du = xy ra khi 1 t = . Suy ra: ( ) 2; 2; 0 I , 5 R IA = = .
Vy phng trnh ca mt cu l: ( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 5 x y z + + + =
Cu VIIa
t
1
2
w
z
z
= ta c:
2 2 2 2
w w 0 z z z z = = > hay w 1 w 1. = =
Gi s w a bi = + ( ) , a beR .
Khi ta c: ( )
2
2 2 2
1 1 a b a b + = + = hay
1 3
,
2 2
a b = = .
+ Vi
4
1 3 4 4
cos sin cos sin
2 2 3 3 3 3
w i i w i

= + = + = +
v
4
1 4
cos sin
3
4
3
i
w
| |
=
|
\ .
. Do
4
2cos 1
3
A

= = .
+ Vi
1 3
2 2
w i = ta cng tnh c: 1 A = .
Vy 1 A = .
Cu VIb
1. ( ) C c tm ( ) 0; 0 O , bn knh 1 R = .
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175
d ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit ( )
4 4
, , 1 1 2 2
2
m
A B d O d m < < < < (*)
Ta c:

1 1 1
. sin sin
2 2 2
ABO
S OAOB AOB AOB = = s
.

ABO
S
.
ln nht

( )
0
1
90 , 1
2
AOB d I d m = = = ( tha iu kin (*) ).
2. Gi r l bn knh ca ng trn ( ) C . Gi N l hnh chiu vung gc ca M trn mt
phng ( ) Oxy . Ta c bn knh ca mt cu ( ) S l
2 2
R r MN = + .
M 3
M
MN z = = v 2 8 4 r r = = . Suy ra: 5 R = .
Vy phng trnh mt cu ( ) S l: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 2 3 25 x y z + + = .
Cu VIIb
iu kin:
2
2
0
0
1 1
4 3 0
3 3
2 8 6 0
1 3
x
x
x x
x x
x x
x x
x
>
>

s =
+ >

> =

+ >

s s
.
+ Vi 1 x = th bt phng trnh cho lun ng
+ Vi 3 x = th bt phng trnh cho khng tha mn.
Vy bt phng trnh cho c nghim 1 x = .

28

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s:
4
2
5
3
2 2
x
y x = + ( ) C
2. Cho A l mt im nm trn ( ) C c honh l m. Tm cc gi tr thc ca m tip tuyn
ca ( ) C ct th ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , B C khc A sao cho 3 AC AB = ( B nm gia A
v C ).
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2 2
2 sin sin 3 sin tan tan
3 3 4 4
x x x x x
( | | | | | | | |
+ + = + +
| | | | (
\ . \ . \ . \ .
.
2. Gii bt phng trnh: ( )
2
4 1 3 1 x x x x + + s + .
( )
1
6
5
5
0
1
dx
I
x
=
+
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im).
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176
Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y l hnh thoi ,
BAD = . Hai mt bn (SAB) v (SAD) cng

vung gc vi mt y, hai mt bn cn li hp vi y mt gc . Cnh SA = a. Tnh
din tch xung quanh v th tch khi chp S.ABCD.
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2
2 1 2 2 0
2 9 0
m m x m y m m
x y x
+ + + =
+ + =
.
Chng minh rng h phng trnh trn lun c hai nghim phn bit ( )
1 1
, x y v ( )
2 2
, x y .
Tm m biu thc ( ) ( )
2 2
1 2 1 2
P x x y y = + t gi tr nh nht.
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho tam gic ABC c : 2 3 0 d x y = l ng phn gic trong
gc A. Bit ( ) ( )
1 1
6; 0 , 4; 4 B C ln lt l hnh chiu vung gc ca nh , B C trn cc
ng thng , AC AB . Xc nh ta cc nh , , A B C ca tam gic ABC .
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz , cho hai ng thng:
1 2
1 2
: , :
1 1 1 1 1 2
x y z x y z
A = = A = =
v im ( ) 1; 0;1 A . Xc nh ta im M trn
1
A v im N trn
2
A sao cho 6 MN = v . 3 AM AN =
, ,
.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Tm s phc z tha mn h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
( )
2
1 2 1 2 6
2 3 0
i z i z
z i z z
+ + =
+ + =
.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy,cho ba ng thng:
1
: 3 0 d x y = ,
2
: 2 5 0 d x y + = ,
3
: 0 d x y = . Tm ta cc im
1 2 3
, , , d B d C A D d e e e t gic ABCD l mt hnh
vung.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho bn im ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 0; 0 , 0;1; 0 , 1;1; 0 , 0; 0; A B C D m vi
0 m > . Gi , E F theo th t l hnh chiu vung gc ca gc ta O ln cc ng
thng AD v BD. Vit phng trnh mt phng ( ) P cha cc ng thng OE v OF .
Tm m
0
EOF 45 = .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
3 3
log log
2 2
4 4 4
4 2 2
1
log 4 4 log log 3
2
xy xy
x y x x y
=
+ = + + +
.
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
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177
2. Ta c: ( )
4
2
5
; 3
2 2
m
A m m C
| |
+ e
|
\ .
.
Phng trnh tip tuyn ti A l:
( )( )
4
3 2
5
2 6 3
2 2
m
y m m x m m = + + .
Phng trnh honh giao im ca ( ) C v tip tuyn ny:
( )( ) ( ) ( )
4 4
2
2 3 2 2 2
5 5
3 2 6 3 2 3 6 0
2 2 2 2
x m
x m m x m m x m x mx m + = + + + + =
Tip tuyn ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , B C khc A phng trnh
2 2
2 3 6 0 x mx m + + = c hai nghim phn bit khc m
3 3
1
m
m
< <
.
Gi
1 2
, x x ln lt l honh ca , B C . Hn na
1 2
, x x cng l nghim ca phng trnh
2 2
2 3 6 0 x mx m + + = nn theo nh l Viet ta c:
1 2
2
1 2
2
3 6
x x m
x x m
+ =
.
Mt khc: 3 AC AB = ( B nm gia A v C)
2 1
3 3 2 AC AB x x a = =
, ,
.
Gii h:
2 1
2 1
3 2
2
x x m
x x m
=
+ =
ta c:
1
2
0
2
x
x m
=
.
Thay
1
2
0
2
x
x m
=
vo
2
1 2
3 6 x x m = ta c
2
3 6 0 2 m m = = tha iu kin trn.

Cu II
1. iu kin : ( )
4
cos cos 0
3 4 4
4
x k
x x k
x k
= +
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

= +
eZ .
Vi iu kin trn phng trnh cho tng ng vi :
2 2
1 os 2 1 os 2 3 sin cot tan
3 3 4 4
c x c x x x x
| | | | | | | |
+ + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

2 2
1 sin os 2 os 2 0 1 sin 2cos 2 c
2
os 0
3 3 3
x c x c x x x
| | | |
+ + + = + =
| |
\ . \ .

2
1 os2 sin 0 2sin sin 0 c x x x x = =
sin 0
sin 1
x
x
=

( ) 2
6
2
6
5
x k
x k k
x k
= +
= +
eZ ( tha iu kin ban u).

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178

2. iu kin 0 x > .
+ Vi 0 x = , bt phng trnh thnh: 1 0 s ( V l)
+ Vi 0 x > , chia c hai v ca bt phng trnh cho x ta c:
1 1
4 3 x x
x x
| |
+ + s +
|
\ .
(*)
t
1
t x
x
= + , 2 t > ( theo bt ng thc Cauchy).
Suy ra:
2
1
2 x t
x
+ = .
Bt phng trnh ( ) * thnh:
( )
2 2
2 4 3 3 2 0 1 2 t t t t t + s + s s s . Kt hp vi
2 t > ta thu c 2 t = .
Vi 2 t = ta c:
1
2 2 1 0 1 x x x x
x
+ = + = = .
Vy 1 x = l nghim ca bt phng trnh cho.
Cu III
Ta c:
( )
( )
( )
5 5
1 1 1 5
5 5 5 5 5 6
5
5
0 0 0
1
.
1 1 1
1
x x
dx x
I dx x dx
x x x
x
+
= =
+ + +
+
} } }
.
t:
( )
4
6
5 5 5
5
1
1 1
u x
du dx
x
dv dx
v
x x
=
=

=
=

+ +
.
Khi :
( )
1
1 1 1 5
5
5 5 5 6 5 5 5
5
5
0 0 0
0
1
2
1 1 1
1
x x dx dx
dx
x x x
x
= + = +
+ + +
+
} } }
.
Do :
5
1
2
I = .
Cu IV
K ng cao SI ca tam gic SBC. Khi AI BC
(nh l 3 ng vung gc) do
SIA =
AI = a.cot , AB = AD =
cot
sin
a
, SI =
sin
a

2 2
cot
. .sin
sin
ABCD
a
S AB AD

= =
S
A
B C
D
I
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179
3 2
.
cot
3sin
S ABCD
a
V

=
S
xq
= S
SAB
+ S
SAD
S
SBC
+ S
SCD

=
2
cot 1
.(1 )
sin sin
a

+
Cu V
Nghim ca h phng trnh ny l to giao im ca ng thng
( ) ( )
2 2 2
: 2 1 2 2 0 m m x m y m m A + + + = v ng trn ( ) ( )
2
2
: 1 10 C x y + + = tm
( ) 1; 0 I , bn knh 10 R = .
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 1 2 2 0 m m x m y m m + + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 2 2 2 0 x y m x m y + + + = . Phng trnh ny nghim ng vi mi m khi
1, y = 2 x = ngha l: A lun i qua im c nh ( ) 1; 2 A v A nm trong ( ) C . Do A
lun ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit
( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
; , N ; M x y x y . Vy h cho lun c hai
nghim phn bit.

Ta c:
2
P MN = nh nht khi v ch khi
( ) ( )
2 2
. 0 1 .2 2 .2 0 IA IAu m m m
A
A = + + =
, ,

2
1 3
4 4 2 0
2
m m m

+ = = . Vy
1 3
2
m

= .
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Gi ( )
1
; B a b ' l im i xng ca
1
B qua d .
( )
1 1
6; B B a b ' = +
,
; trung im on thng
1 1
B B' l
6
;
2 2
a b
I
| |
|
\ .
.
Mt vecto ch phng ca ng thng d l: ( ) 1; 2 u =
,
.
Ta c:
1 1
6
. 0
6
d
a
B B u
b
I
= ' =

=

e
, ,
hay ( )
1
6; 6 B' .
R rng
1
B AB ' e ng thng AB i qua im
1
B' v
1
C . Phng trnh cnh
: 0 AB x y + = .
A AB d = ta nh A l nghim ca h
2 3 0 1
0 1
x y x
x y y
= =

+ = =

hay ( ) 1; 1 A .

M
N
A
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180
D dng lp c phng trnh cc ng cao:
1
: 7 42 0 BB x y + = ;
1
: 8 0 CC x y + = .
1
B AB BB = ta im B l nghim ca h
21
0
4
7 42 0 21
4
x
x y
x y
y
+ =

+ =

hay
21 21
;
4 4
B
| |
|
\ .
.
1
C AC CC = ta im C l nghim ca h:
31
7 6 0
4
8 0 1
4
x
x y
x y
y
+ + =

+ =

hay
31 1
;
4 4
C
| |
|
\ .

2. ( ) ( )
1 2
; ; 1 , ; 2; 2 M M m m m N N n n n eA + eA + .
Ta c:
( ) ; 2; 2 1 MN m n m n m n = + + +
,
, ( ) ( ) 1; ; , 1; 2; 2 1 AM m m m AN n n n = + = + +
, ,
.
T gi thit ta c:
( )( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 1 2 2 1 3
2 2 1 6
m n m n m n
m n m n m n
+ + + + + =
+ + + + + =
.
Gii h ny ta c:
1
0
m
n
=
hoc
13
9
8
9
m
n
.
Do ( ) ( ) 1;1; 2 , 0; 2; 0 M N hoc
13 13 22 8 10 16
; ; , ; ;
9 9 9 9 9 9
M N
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu VIIa
t z a bi = + , , a beR.
Ta xy dng c mt h phng trnh nh sau:
2 2
2 3
4 3 0
a b
a b b
+ =
+ + =
.
Gii h ny ta c:
1
2
a
b
=
hoc
3
5
6
5
a
b
.
Vy c hai s phc cn tm l:
1 2
3 6
1 2 ,
5 5
z i z i = + = + .
Cu VIb
1. ( )
2
; 5 2 d B b B b e . ng thng
1
A qua B v vung gc
3
d ct
3
d ti C .
Phng trnh
1
: 5 0 x y b A + + = .
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181
Ta im C l nghim ca h:
5 3 0
9 15 3 5
;
3 0 2 2
x y b
b b
A
x y
+ = | |
|
=
\ .
.
ng thng
2
A qua A v vung gc vi
3
d ct
3
d ti D.
Phng trnh
1
: 6 10 0 x y b A + + = .
Vy ta im D l nghim ca h ( )
0
3 5;3 5
6 10 0
x y
D b b
x y b
=

+ + =
.
ABCD l hnh vung
2
2
... 2 9 10 0
5
2
b
AB CD b b
b
=
= + =

=
.
Vy ta cc nh ca hnh vung ABCD l:
( ) ( )
3 1 3 3
; , 2;1 , ; , 1;1
2 2 2 2
A B C D
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
hoc
15 5 5 5 5 5 5
; , ; 0 , ; , ;
4 4 2 4 4 2 2
A B C D
| | | | | | | |
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
.
2. p dng h thc lng trong tam gic vung AOD v BOD vi cc ng cao ng vi
cnh huyn l: , OF OE . Suy ra:
2 2
2 2 2 2
; 0; , 0; ;
1 1 1 1
m m m m
E F
m m m m
| | | |
| |
+ + + +
\ . \ .
.
Sau khi tnh c , OF OE
(

, ,
ta suy ra phng trnh ( ) EF : 0 O x y mz + = .
Ta c:

2
.OF 1
os
1
. OF
OE
c EOF
m
OE
= =
+
, ,
, , .
M
0
EOF 45 = nn
2
1 1
2 1
1 2
m
m
= =
+
( do 0 m > )
Cu VIIb
iu kin: , 0 x y > .
t
3
log
2 0
xy
t = > . Phng trnh th nht ca h thnh:
2
1
2 0
2
t
t t
t
=
=

=

Loi 1 t = . Vi 2 t = ta c:
3
og
3
3
2 2 log 1 3
l xy
xy xy y
x
= = = = .
Thay vo phng trnh th hai ca h ta c:
2 2
4 4 4 2 2
36 1 9 36 9
og 4 log log 4 2
2
l x x x x x x
x x x x
| | | | | |
+ = + + + + = +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

2
4 2
2
3 3
3
9 18 0
6
6
6
2
x y
x
x x
x
x y
= =
=

+ =

=
= =
.
Vy h phng trnh cho c 2 nghim:
( )
6
3; 3 , 6;
2
| |
|
|
\ .
.

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182
29

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s:
1
2 1
x
y
x
+
=
+
( ) C
2. Tm m : 2 2 1 0 d mx y m + + = ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , A B sao cho biu thc
2 2
P OA OB = + t gi tr nh nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
4
6
2
cos 2
3 1 tan 7
cos
x
x
x
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

2. Gii h phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
3 9 10 3 3
1
3 6
3
x y x y x y
x y
x y
+ = +
+ + =

Cu III (1,0 im). Cho
8 8
: cos sin ; y = 0 ; x = 0 ; x =
2
S y x x

= +
`
)
. Tm
x
V khi S
quay quanh Ox.

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh ch nht vi AB a, AD 2a, = = cnh SA
vung gc vi y, cnh SB to vi mt phng y mt gc
o
60 . Trn cnh SA ly im
M sao cho
a 3
AM
3
= . Mt phng ( ) BCM ct cnh SD ti im N. Tnh th tch khi
chp . . S BCNM
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho ba s thc khng m , , x y z tha mn
2 2 2
3 x y z + + = . Hy tm gi tr ln nht ca
biu thc
5
A xy yz zx
x y z
= + + +
+ +
.
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
2 2
: 1
8 2
x y
E + = . Vit phng trnh ng thng d ct
( ) E ti hai im phn bit c ta l cc s nguyn.
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183
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz , cho hnh thoi ABCD c din tch bng 12 2 ,
nh A thuc Oz , nh C thuc mt phng Oxy , hai nh B v D thuc ng thng
1
:
1 1 2
x y z
d
+
= = v B c honh dng. Tm ta cc im , , , A B C D .
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gi
1 2
, z z l cc nghim phc ca phng trnh:
2
4 5 0 z z + = .
Tnh ( ) ( )
2011 2011
1 2
1 1 z z + .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy,cho parabol ( )
2
: 4 P y x = c tiu im F . Gi M l im
tha iu kin: 3 FM FO =
, ,
, d l ng thng bt k qua M , d ct ( ) P ti hai im
phn bit , A B. Chng minh tam gic OAB l tam gic vung.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho mt phng ( ) : 2 2 9 0 P x y z + + = v hai im
( ) ( ) 3; 1; 2 , 1; 5; 0 A B . Tm ta im M thuc ( ) P sao cho . MAMB
, ,
t gi tr nh
nht.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii bt phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2
1 5 3 1
3 5
log log 1 log log 1 x x x x + + > +
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c:
1
: 2 2 1 0
2
m
d mx y m y mx
+
+ + = = + .
Phng trnh honh giao im ca d v ( ) C l:
( )
2 1 0
1 1
1
1 2 1 2 1 2
2
x
x m
mx
m
x x mx x
+ =
+ +
= +
+ | |
+ = + + +
|
\ .

( ) ( )
2 2
1 1
2 2
1 1
1 2 1 2 2 0 1
2 2
x x
m m
x mx m x mx mx mx

= =

+

+ = + + + + + + =

d ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , A B phng trnh( ) 1 c hai nghim phn bit khc
1
2
2
0
0
1 1 1 1
2 . 2 . 0
2 2 2 2
m
m
m
m m
' A = >
>
| | | |
+ + = =
| |
\ . \ .
.
Gi
1 2
, x x ln lt l honh ca , A B. Khi :
1 2 2 2
1 1
; , ;
2 2
m m
A x mx B x mx
+ + | | | |
+ +
| |
\ . \ .

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184
Ta c:

2 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2
1 1
2 2
m m
P OA OB x mx x mx
+ + | | | |
= + = + + + + +
| |
\ . \ .

=
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
1 1
4 4
m m
x m x m m x x m x m m x
+ +
+ + + + + + + + +
=
( )( ) ( )( )
( )
2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
1
1
2
m
m x x m m x x
+
+ + + + + +
=
( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )
2
2
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
1
1 2
2
m
m x x x x m m x x
+
(
+ + + + + +

=
( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )
2
2
2 2
1 1
1 1 2. 1
4 2
m m
m m m
m
+ (
+ + + +
(

=
( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2
1 1
1 1
2 2
m m
m m m
m
+ | |
+ + +
|
\ .

=
( )( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
1 1 2 1
2
m m m m m m m
m
+ + + + +

=
3 2 3 2 3 2
1 2 2 2
2
m m m m m m m m
m
+ + + + + +

=
2
2 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 . 2 2
2 2 2
m m
m m
m m m
| |
+ + | |
= + + > + =
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
( bt ng thc Cauchy).
Du = xy ra
2
1
1 1 m m m
m
= = = . V 0 m > nn chn 1 m = .
Vy
min
2 P = khi 1 m = .

Cu II
1. t
2
2
cos 2
, tan
cos 1
x
a b x
x
= =
+
.
Phng trnh cho thnh:
4 3
3 4 7 a b + = .
D thy a, b 0 > v 2 a b + = .
4 3
1 1 1 4 , b 1 1 3 a a b + + + > + + > .
Suy ra:
( ) ( )
4 3 4 3
3 3 12 , 4 2 12 3 4 7 a a b b a b + > + > + > .
Du bng xy ra
4 4
1 1 a b a b = = = = hay ( ) tan 1
4
x x k k
= = + eZ
l nghim ca phng trnh cho.
2. iu kin: 3 0 3 x y y x = = .
Chia c hai v ca phng trnh (1) cho 3 0 x y = , ta c:
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185
2 2
3
5
3 3 3 3 3
3 10 3 10 0
3 3 3 3 3
2
3
x y
x y x y x y x y x y
x y x y x y x y x y
x y
+
=
| | | | | | | | + + + +

+ = =
| | | |
+
\ . \ . \ . \ .
=

(i) Vi
3
5
3
x y
x y
+
=
, ta c h:
( )
( )
1
3 6
3
1
3 . 5
3
x y
x y
x y
x y
+ + =
+ =
3x y + v
1
3x y
l nghim ca
phng trnh:
2
5
6 5 0
1
X
X X
X
=
+ =

=

Do :
3 5
1
3 5
1
2
1
3 1
3
1
3 1
3 1
5
1
1 2 3
5
5
3 5
x y
x
x y
y
x y
x y
x y x
x y
x y
y
x y
+ =
=
+ =

=

=
=

+ = =
+ =
= =

.
(ii) Nu
3
2
3
x y
x y
+
=
, ta c h:
( )
( )
1
3 6
3
1
3 . 2
3
x y
x y
x y
x y
+ + =
+ =
3x y + v
1
3x y
l nghim
ca phng trnh
2
3 11
6 2 0
3 11.
Y
Y Y
Y
= +
=
=

Do :
( )
( )
3 11
12
3 3 11 3 3 11
3 3 11
1
3 11
3 11
3
3
2 4
3 3 11 3 3 11 3 11
12
1
3 11
3 11
3
3 3 3 11
2
4
x
x y x y
x y y
x y
x y x y
x
x y
x y
y
+
=

+ = + + = +

+

+

=
= =

+ = + =

+
= +
=

=

( )
( ) ( )
3 3 11 3 3 11
1 2 3 11 3 11
S 1; 2 , ; , ; , ;
5 5 12 4 12 4
| | | |
+
+ | |
| |
=
` |
| |
\ .

\ . \ . )
.

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186
Cu III
Ta c:
( )
( )
2 2
2
8 8 8 8
0 0
cos sin cos sin
x
V x x dx x x dx

= + = +
} }
.
Ta li c:
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
8 8 4 4 4 4
2
2
2 2 2 2 4 4
2
2 4 2 4
2
cos sin cos sin 2cos sin
cos sin 2cos sin 2cos sin
1 1 1
1 sin 2 sin 2 1 sin 2 sin 2
2 8 8
1 1 1
1 1 cos 4 1 cos 4
2 8 2
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x
x x
+ = +
(
= +
(

| |
= = +
|
\ .
(
= +
(

2
1 1 1 1 1
1 cos 4 cos 4 cos 4
2 2 32 16 32
x x x = + + +
( )
17 7 1 1
cos 4 . 1 cos8
32 16 32 2
35 7 1
cos 4 cos8 .
64 16 64
x x
x x
= + +
= +

Suy ra :
2 2 2
0 0 0
2 2 2
0 0 0
35 7
cos 4 cos8
64 16 64
35 7 1 1 35
. sin 4 . sin8 .
64 16 4 64 8 128
x
V dx xdx xdx
x x x

= +
= + =
} } }

Vy
35
128
x
V

= l gi tr cn tm.
Cu IV
Ta c ( SAB) ( BCNM) v
( ) ( ) SAB BCNM BM = .
T S h SH vung gc vi ng thng BM
th SH (BCNM) hay SH l ng cao
ca hnh chp SBCNM.
Mt khc :
SA = AB.tan60
0
= a 3 .
N
D
B
C
A
S
M
H

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187
Suy ra : MA =
1
3
SA
Li c : MN l giao tuyn ca ca
mp(BCM) vi mp(SAD), m
BC // (SAD) nn NM // AD v MN // BC
Do :
MN SM 2 4a
MN
AD SA 3 3
= = =

V AD (SAB) nn MN (SAB) , suy ra MN BM v BC BM
Vy thit din ca mp(BCM) vi hnh chp SABCD l hnh thang vung BCNM .
Ta c : S
BCNM
= ( )
1
MN BC BM
2
+
Trong : BC = 2a , MM
4a
3
= v BM =
2 2
AB AM + =
2a 3
3

Do : S
BCNM
=
2
4a
2a
2a 3 10a 3
3
2 3 9
| |
+
|
=
|
|
\ .

Khi : V
SBCNM
=
1
3
SH. S
BCNM

Tnh SH : Ta c MAB ~ MHS , suy ra :
SH MS
AB BM
=
MS.AB
SH
MB
= =
2a 3
.a
3
a
2a 3
3
=
Vy : V
SBCNM
=
1
3
.a.
2
10a 3
9
=
3
10a 3
27

Cu V
t
2
3
2
t
t x y z xy yz zx

= + + + + = .
V
2 2 2
0 3 xy yz zx x y z s + + s + + = nn
2
3 9 3 3 t t s s s s ( v 0 t > ).
Khi
2 2
3 5 5 3
2 2 2
t t
A
t t
= + = + .
Xt hm s: ( )
2
5 3
, 3;3
2 2
t
f t t
t
(
= + e

( )
3
2 2
5 5
0
t
f t t
t t
' = = > 3;3 t e

(

( ) f t ng bin trn 3;3
(

.
Do : ( )
3;3
14
ax
3 x
m f t
(
e

= ti 3 t = . Vi 3 t = suy ra 1 x y z = = = .
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188
Vy
14
max
3
A = khi 1 x y z = = = .
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Gi ( ) ( ) ; M x y E e vi , x y eZ .
T
2 2 2
2
1 2 1 2 2 2
8 2 8
x y x
y y
| |
+ = = s s s
|
\ .
.
V y eZ nn { } 0;1; 1 y e .
Vi 0 y = ta c 2 2 x = loi.
Vi 1 y = ta c 2 x = .
Do bn im thuc elip ( ) E c ta nguyn l: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2;1 , 2; 1 , 2;1 , 2; 1 .
Vy c 6 ng thng tha mn l: 2; 2; 1; 1; 2 0; 2 0 x x y y x y x y = = = = = + = .
2. ( ) ( ) ( ) 0; 0; , ; ; 0 A Oz A a C Oyz C b c e e . Ta c: ( ) ; ; AC b c a =
,
.
ng thng d c vecto ch phng ( ) 1;1; 2 u =
,
.
Ta trung im I ca AC l ; ;
2 2 2
b c a
I
| |
|
\ .
.
Ta c:
. 0
2
d
AC u
a b c
I
=
= = =
e
, ,
. Do ( ) ( ) ( ) 0; 0; 2 , 2; 2; 0 , 1;1;1 A C I .
Din tch hnh thoi
1
AC 12 2
2
S BD = = , m 2 3 AC = suy ra 4 6 2 6 BD IB = = .
( ) ; ; 1 2 , 0 B d B t t t t e + > . Khi ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 6 1 1 2 2 24 IB t t t = + + =
2 2
1
6 12 18 0 2 3 0
3
t
t t t t
t
=
= =

=
. V 0 t > nn 3 t = .
Suy ra: ( ) ( ) 3; 3; 5 , 1; 1; 3 B D .
Cu VIIa
Phng trnh
2
4 5 0 z z + = c hai nghim l:
1
2
2
2
z i
z i
=
= +
.
Khi :
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2011 2011
1 2
1 1 1 1 z z i i + = + +
= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
1005 1005
2 2 1005 1005
1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 i i i i i i i i
( (
+ + + = + +

= ( ) ( )
1005 1005 1006
2 1 2 1 2 i i i i = + + = .
Cu VIb
1. Tiu im ( ) 1; 0 F . Theo gi thit ton ta suy ra: ( ) 4; 0 M .
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189
Nu Ox : 4 d d x = . H
2
4
4
y x
x
cho ra ( ) ( ) 4; 4 , 4; 4 A B .
Suy ra: . 0 OAOB OAB =
, ,
. vung ti O.
Nu khng vi ( ) Ox : 4 d y k x = .
Ta , A B l nghim ca h:
2
2
4 16 0
4
y kx k
ky y k
y x
=
(*).
d ct ( ) P ti hai im phn bit , A B phng trnh ( ) * c hai nghim phn
bit 0 k = .
Gi s
2 2
1 2
1 2
; , ;
4 4
y y
A y B y
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
trong
1 2
, y y l nghim ca phng trnh ( ) * .
1 2
16 y y = .
Ta c:
( )
2
1 2
1 2
. 0
16
y y
OAOB y y OAB = + =
, ,
. vung ti O.
Vy OAB . vung ti O.
2. Gi I l trung im AB . Suy ra: ( ) 2; 3;1 I .
Ta c:
( )( ) ( )( )
2 2
. MAMB MI IA MI IB MI IA MI IA MI IA = + + = + =
, , , , , , , , , ,
.
. MAMB
, ,
nh nht MI nh nht M l hnh chiu vung gc ca I trn ( ) P .
Gi A l ng thng qua I , vung gc vi ( ). P Suy ra:
2 2
3
1 2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +
.
( ) M P = A ta im M l nghim ca h phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 9 0 2 2; 1; 3 t t t t M + + + + = = .
Vy . MAMB
, ,
t gi tr nh nht khi ( ) 2; 1; 3 M .
Cu VIIb
iu kin : 0 x > .
( ) ( )
2 2
3 1 3 5
5
log log 1 log log 1 0 x x x x + + + + <
( ) ( )
2 2
3 1 5
5
log log 1 .log 1 0 x x x x
(
+ + + <
(
(

( ) ( )
2 2 2
5 5
log 1 1 0 log 1 1 x x x x + + < < + + < .
( )
2 2
5
log 1 0 1 1 0 x x x x x + + > + + > > .

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190
( )
2 2 2
5
log 1 1 1 5 1 5 x x x x x x + + < + + < + <
2 2
0 5
0 5
12
0
12
5 1 25 10
5
x
x
x
x x x x
< s
< s

< <

< + < +
.
12
0;
5
S
| |
=
|
\ .
.

30

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s:
2
1
x m
y
mx
=
+
( )
m
C
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s khi 1 m =
2. Chng minh rng vi mi 0 m = th ( )
m
C ct : 2 2 d y x m = ti hai im phn bit
, A B thuc mt ng ( ) H c nh. ng thng d ct trc , Ox Oy ln lt ti cc im
, M N . Tm m 3
OAB OMN
S S =
. .
.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Tm ( ) 0; x e tha mn phng trnh:
2
os2 1
cot 1 sin sin 2
1 tan 2
c x
x x x
x
= +
+

2. Gii h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
( )
3 2 2 3
2 2
1 2 30
1 11
x y y x y y xy
x y x y y y
+ + + + =
+ + + + =
( , x y eR).
3
2
4
tan
os 1 os
x
I dx
c x c x
=
+
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung cnh a, SA = h vung gc mt
phng (ABCD), M l im thay i trn CD. K SH vung gc BM. Xc nh v tr M
th tch t din S.ABH t gi tr ln nht. Tnh gi tr ln nht .
Cu V (1,0 im).
Tm m h phng trnh sau c nghim:
2
3
1 2 2 1
3 3 2
x y xy x
x x xy m
+ =
= +
.
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
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191
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c din tch bng 6 v hai nh
( ) ( ) 1; 2 , 2; 3 A B . Tm ta hai nh cn li, bit giao im ca hai ng cho hnh
bnh hnh nm trn trc Ox v c honh dng.
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz , cho hai ng thng:
1 1 1
:
2 1 2
x y z
d

= =
v
2 3 4
:
1 2 3
x y z
A = = . Bit rng d v A ct nhau. Hy vit phng trnh mt phng
( ) P cha A sao cho gc gia d v ( ) P ln nht.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Tm s phc z tha mn:
2
2
2 . 8 z z z z + + = v 2 z z + = .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy,cho hnh thoi ABCD c tm ( ) 2;1 I v 2 AC BD = . im
1
0;
3
M
| |
|
\ .
thuc ng thng AB , im ( ) 0; 7 N thuc ng thng CD. Tm ta nh
B bit 0
B
x > .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai ng thng :
1
2
1 2
:
4
x y z
d
n m

= =
;
2
1
:
1 2 1
x m y z
d

= =

Tm , m n
1 2
, d d song song v khi tnh khong cch gia
1 2
, d d .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii bt phng trnh:
( )
2
2 5 3 3 1 2.5 2
2
3 .5 1
x
x
x x x
x
+ + + +
<
.

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Phng trnh honh giao im ca ( )
m
C v : d
( )
2 2 2
1 1
2
2 2
1
2 2 1 0 0 2 2 0
x x
x m
m m x m
mx
x mx m mx m x m

= =

=

+

= = =

R rng:
2
2
2
1 1 2
2. 2 . 1 1 0
2 0
m
m m m
m
| | | |
= + =
| |
\ . \
A =
.
' +
>
ng 0 m =
Do phng trnh:
2
2 2 1 0 x mx = c hai nghim phn bit
1 2
, x x khc
1
m
.
Suy ra d ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , A B.
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192
Mt khc
1 2
1
2
x x = nn , A B thuc mt ng ( ) H c nh.
K ( )
2
,
5
m
OH AB OH d O d

= = .
Ta c : ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
; 2 2 , ; 2 2 A x x m B x x m .
1 2
1 2
1
2
x x m
x x
+ =
.
Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2
2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2
2 2 5 5 4 5 10 AB x x x x x x x x x x m
(
= + = = + = +

.
Theo gi thit:
2
2
3 . 3 . . 5 10 3
5
OAB OMN M N
m
S S OH AB OM ON m x y
= = + =
. .

2 2
2 1
. 5 10 3 2 2 3
2 5
m
m m m m m m
+ = + = = .

Cu II
1. iu kin:
sin 2 0 sin 2 0
sin cos 0 tan 1
x x
x x x
= =

+ = =

.
2
cos sin os2 .cos
sin sin os
sin cos sin
x x c x x
x xc x
x x x
= +
+

2 2
cos sin
os sin os sin sin os
sin
x x
c x xc x x xc x
x
= +
( ) ( )
( )
2
2
cos sin sin cos sin cos sin sin os sin 1 0 x x x x x x x xc x x = =
( )( ) os sin sin 2 os2 3 0 c x x x c x + =
( ) os sin 0 tan 1
4
c x x x x k k
= = = + eZ .
V ( ) 0; x e nn 0 k = . Suy ra:
4
x

= .
2. H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( ) ( )
( )
30
11
xy x y xy x y
xy x y xy x y
+ + + =
+ + + + =

( ) , xy x y xy x y + + + l nghim ca phng trnh:
2
5
11 30 0
6
t
t t
t
=
+ =

=

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193
Suy ra:
( )
( )
5
6
6
5
xy x y
xy x y
xy x y
xy x y
+ =
+ + =
+ =
+ + =

.
Gii cc h trn ta tm c bn nghim l:
( ) ( )
5 21 5 21 5 21 5 21
1; 2 , 2;1 , ; , ;
2 2 2 2
| | | |
+ +
| |
| |
\ . \ .

Cu III
Ta c:
3 3 3
2 2 2
2
2
4 4 4
tan tan tan
1
os 1 os os 2 tan
os 1
os
x x x
I dx dx dx
c x c x c x x
c x
c x

= = =
+ +
+
} } }

( )
3
3 2 2
4
4
2 tan 2 tan 5 3 d x x
= + = + =
}
.
Cu IV

SHBM v SABM suy ra AHBM
V
SABH
= BH AH
h
BH AH SA .
6
. .
6
1
= .
V
SABH
ln nht khi AH.BH ln nht.
Ta c: AH + BH BH AH. 2 >
BH AH BH AH . 2
2 2
> +
BH AH a . 2
2
> , vy AH.BH ln nht
AH.BH =
2
2
a
AH = BH
H l tm ca hnh vung M D .
Khi V
SABH
=
12
2
h a
.
Cu V
t 1, 0 k y k = + > . H phng trnh thnh:
2 2
3 2
2 1
3 2
x k xk
x xk m
= +
.
R rng: 0 k = khng phi l nghim ca h phng trnh.
Vi 0 k > , t . x t k = h tr thnh:
( )
( )
( )
( )
3 2
3 3
2 1 1
3 2 2
k t t
k t t m
= +
.
h
H
M
D
C
B
A
S
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194
Do 0 k > nn t ( ) 1 suy ra
2
0
2 0
2
t
t t
t
<
>

>
.
T (1) v (2) ta c:
2
3
2
2
t
m
t
+ =
vi
0
2
t
t
<
>
.
Xt hm s: ( )
2
3
2
t
f t
t
, ( ) ( ) ; 0 2; t e + .
Ta c: ( )
( )
2
2
1
4 3
0
3
2
t
t t
f t
t
t
s +
' = >

>

.
Lp bng bin thin v suy ra c rng: h c nghim
2 6 4
3 1
2
2 2
m m
m m
+ > >

+ < <

.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1.
3
6
2
ABCD IAB
S S = =
.
. Gi ( ) ; 0
I
I x Ox e l giao im hai ng cho ( ) 0
I
x >
Phng trnh ng thng : 1 0 AB x y + + = .
Ta c: ( )
2 1 2 3
, 1 3
4 0 2 2
I I IAB
I
I
x x S
d I AB x
x AB
= +
= = + =

= <
.
.
Loi 4
I
x = . Vi 2
I
x = ta c: ( ) 2; 0 I . Suy ra: ( ) ( ) 3; 2 , 2; 3 C D .

2. D dng tm c giao im ca
d v A l ( ) 1;1;1 M .
Ly ( ) 3; 2; 3 A d e .
Gi , H K ln lt l hnh chiu ca
A trn ( ) P v A.
Ta c:

AH AK AMH AMK s s .
Du = xy ra
( ) H K AK P .
Nh vy gc gia d v ( ) P ln nht ( ) AK P ti K .
D dng tm c ta im
12 17 22
; ;
7 7 7
K
| |
|
\ .
.
Mt phng ( ) P i qua K nhn
9 3 1
; ;
7 7 7
AK
| |
=
|
\ .
,
trnh l: 9 3 5 0 x y z = .

P
K
d
H
M
A
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195
Cu VIIa
Gi z a bi = + . Ta c: z a bi = ;
2
2
2 2
. z z z z a b = = = + .
Theo gi thit bi ton ta xy dng c h phng trnh:
( )
2 2
4 8 1
1
2 2
a b a
b
a
+ = =

=
=
.
Vy cc s phc cn tm l: 1 ; 1 i i + .

1. Gi N' l im i xng ca N qua I th ( ) 4; 5 N AB N ' ' e .
Phng trnh ng thng : 4 3 1 0 AB x y + = ; ( ) , 2 d I AB = .
V 2 AC BD = nn 2 AI BI = .
Trong tam gic vung ABI ta c:
( )
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 5
5
4 , 4 4
BI
d I AB BI BI BI
= + = = .
im B l giao im ca ng trn tm I bn knh 5 R = vi ng thng
4 3 1 0 x y + = nn ta ca n l nghim ca h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2
4 3 1 0
2 1 5
x y
x y
+ =
+ =
.
Gii h trn v kt hp vi 0
B
x > ta suy ra ( ) 1; 1 B .
2.
1
d qua ( )
1
1; 2; 0 M nhn
( )
2
1
; ; 4 u m n =
,
lm vecto ch phng.

2
d qua ( )
2
; 0;1 M m nhn ( )
2
1; 2;1 u =
,
lm vecto ch phng.
1 2 1 2
/ / , d d u u
, ,
cng phng v
1 2 2
, M M u
, ,
khng cng phng
1 2
, u u
, ,
cng phng
2
2
4
8 1 2 1
m
m n
n
=
= =

=

1 2 2
, M M u
, ,
khng cng phng
1 2 1
2
1 2 1
m
m

= = =
.
Vy
1 2
2
/ /
8
m
d d
n
=
.
Khong cch gia
1
d v
2
d l: ( ) ( )
1 2 2
1 2 1 2
2
;
40
, ,
3
M M u
d d d d M d
u
(

= = =
, ,
, .
Cu VIIb
iu kin:
2
1
3 2 5 3 0
2
3 .5 1 0
3 .5 1 0
x
x
x x x
x
x
s s + + >

=

=
.
Xt hm s: ( ) 3 .5 1
x
f x x

= vi
1
;3
2
x
(
e
(

.
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196
( ) ( ) 3.5 1 ln5
x
f x x
' =
( )
1
0
ln5
f x x ' = = .
1
2
1 3
1 .5 0
2 2
f
| |
= <
|
\ .
; ( )
116
3 0
125
f = < ;
1
ln5
1 3 1
1 . 0
ln5 ln5
5
f
| |
= + <
|
\ .
.
Vy ( ) ( )
1
;3
2
1
ax 0 0, ;3
2
x
m f x f x x
(
e
(

(
< < e
(

.
2 2
2 5 3 2 3 6 .5 6 .5 2 2 5 3 3
x x
x x x x x x x x

+ + + + > + + >
2 2 2
0
3 0 0
0
3 0 0
5 157 5 157
2 5 3 9 11 5 3 0
22 22
x
x x
x
x x
x x x x x x
>
< >

s
> s

+

+ + > < < <

0
5 157
5 157
22
0
22
x
x
x
>
>
< s
. Kt hp vi
1
;3
2
x
(
e
(

suy ra:
5 157
3
22
x
< s
5 157
;3
22
S
| (
=
(
\
.

31

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s: ( ) ( )
4 2
1
3 1 2 1
4
y x m x m = + + + ( )
m
C
2. Tm m ( )
m
C c 3 im cc tr ta thnh mt tam gic c trng tm l gc ta O
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
3 3 3 3
sin os sin cot os tan 2sin 2 x c x x x c x x x + + + = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
3 3
3 3
1 1
9
1 1 1 1
1 1 18
x y
x y x y
+ =
| | | |
| |
+ + + =
| |
|
| |
\ .
\ . \ .
( , x y eR).
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197
( )
2
10 10 4 4
0
os sin sin cos I c x x x x dx
= +
}

Cu IV (1,0 im). Cho hnh lng tr tam gic u ABC.ABC c cnh y bng a. Bit
khong cch gia hai ng thng AB v AC bng
15
5
a
. Tnh th tch ca khi lng tr.
Cu V (1,0 im).
Chng minh rng vi mi x, y > 0 ta c :
2
9
(1 )(1 )(1 ) 256
y
x
x y
+ + + > .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hnh vung ABCD c ( ) 2; 6 A , nh B thuc ng thng
: 2 6 0 d x y + = . Gi , M N ln lt l hai im nm trn hai cnh , BC CD sao cho
BM CN = . Bit AM ct BN ti
1 14
;
2 5
I
| |
|
\ .
. Xc nh ta nh C .
2. Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz , cho ng thng
3 2 1
:
2 1 1
x y z
d
+ +
= =
v mt
phng ( ) : 2 0 P x y z + + + = . Lp phng trnh ng thng A nm trong mt phng d ,
ct d v to vi d gc ln nht.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Trn mt phng ta Oxy tm tp hp cc im biu din s phc
( )
1 3 2 z i z ' = + +
trong z l s phc tha: 1 2 z = .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho ng trn ( )
2 2
: 16 C x y + = . Vit phng trnh chnh
tc ca elip ( ) E c tm sai
1
2
e = bit ( ) E ct ( ) C ti bn im , , , A B C D sao cho AB
song song vi trc honh v 2 AB CD = .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho h mt phng
( )
, ,
: 1 0
a b c
P ax by cz + + = , ( ) , , 0 a b c > v
1 1 1
1
2 3 a b c
+ + = . Tm , , a b c
( )
, , a b c
P ct cc trc ta , , Ox Oy Oz ln lt ti , , A B C
sao cho OABC c th tch ln nht.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2 2
3 3
3 3 27 9
log 1 log 1 1
x y x y x y
x y
+ + + +
+ = +
+ + + =

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
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198
2. Ta c: ( ) ( )
3 2
2 3 1 2 3 1 y x m x x x m ' ( = + = +

.
( )
m
C c ba im cc tr phng trnh 0 y' = c ba nghim phn bit
1
3
m > .
Ta cc im cc tr
( )
( ) ( )
2 2
0; 2 2 , 6 2; 9 4 1 , 6 2; 9 4 1 A m B m m m C m m m + + + + + .
Tam gic ABC c trng tm O
2
2
3
18 6 8 0
1
3
m
m m
m
+ =
.
So vi iu kin
1
3
m > ta c:
1
3
m = .

Cu II
1. iu kin:
cos 0
sin 0 sin 2 0
sin 2 0
x
x x
x
=
= >
>
.
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
sin os sin sin cos cos sin cos sin cos 2sin 2 x c x x x x x x x x x x + + + + =
2 sin 0 sin cos 0
sin cos 2sin 2 4
1 sin 2 2sin 2
sin 2 1
x x x
x x x
x x
x
| |
+ > + >
|
=
\ .
+ =

( )
sin 0
4
2
2
4
4
5

2
4
x
x k
x k
x k
k
| |
+ >
|
\ .
= +
= +
= +

eZ
2. iu kin , 0 x y = .t
3
3
1 1
, u v
x y
= = .
( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )
( )( )
3
3 3
9 3 9
1 1 18
1 18
u v u v uv u v
u v u v
u v u v uv
+ = + + =

+ + + =
+ + + + =

.
t , S u v P uv = + = . iu kin
2
4 S P > .
H phng trnh thnh:
( )
( )
( )
3 3
2
3 9 1 3 9
1 18 18 2
S PS S PS
S S P PS S S
= =

+ + = =

Thay (2) vo (1) ta c: ( )
3
3 2
3 3 63 0 1 64 3 2 S S S S S P + + = + = = = .
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199
Vi
3
2
S
P
=
ta suy ra: , u v l nghim ca phng trnh:

2
1
3 2 0
2
X
X X
X
=
+ =

=
.
Khi :
1
2
u
v
=
hoc
2
1
u
v
=
. Suy ra:
1
8
1
x
y
hoc
1
1
8
x
y
=
.
Vy h phng trnh cho c hai nghim:
1 1
;1 , 1;
8 8
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu III
Ta c:
( )
10 10 4 4 10 10 4 4 2 2
cos sin sin cos cos sin sin cos sin os x x x x x x x x x c x + = + +
( )( )
10 10 4 6 6 4 6 6 4 4
os sin sin cos sin cos os sin os sin c x x x x x x c x x c x x = + =
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 os4 1 os8
os 2 1 sin 2 os 2 sin 4
4 16 2 32
c x c x
c x x c x x
+ | |
= = =
|
\ .
15 1 1
os4 os8
32 2 32
c x c x = + + .
Suy ra:
2
2
0 0
15 1 1 15 1 1 15
os4 os8 sin 4 sin8
32 2 32 32 8 256 64
I c x c x dx x x x

| |
= + + = + + =
|
\ .
}
.

Cu IV
Gi M; M ln lt l trung im ca AB v AB.
H MH MC
AB // (ABC) ==> d(AB,AC) = MH
HC =
15
10
a
; MC =
15
2
a
; MM = 3 a
Vy V =
3
3
4
a

Cu V
Ta c:
3
4
3
1 1 4
3 3 3 3
x x x x
x + = + + + >

3
4
3 3
1 1 4
3 3 3 3 .
y y y y y
x x x x x
+ = + + + >

( )
3
4 3
9 3 3 3 3
1 1 4
y y y y
y
+ = + + + >
2
6
4
3
9 3
1 16
y y
| |
+ >
|
|
\ .

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200
Vy ( )
2
3 3 6
4
3 3 3 3
9 3
1 1 1 256 256
3 3 .
y x y
x
x x y y
| |
| |
+ + + > =
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
.

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. ( ) 2 6; d B b B b e .
12 16 32 14
; , 2 ;
5 5 5 5
IA IB b b
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .
, ,
.
( ) . 0 2 2; 4 AMB BNC IA IB IA IB b B A = A = =
, ,
.
D dng lp ng phng trnh : 2 0 BC x y = .
( ) ; 2 BC C C c c e .
( ) ( )
2 2
2 5, 2 2 4 AB BC c c = = +
Ta c: ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2
0 0; 0
2 2 4 2 5 12 2
4 4;8
c C
c c c
c C
=
+ = =

=
.
Do I nm trong hnh vung nn , I C cng pha i vi ng thng ( ) 4; 8 AB C b
loi. Vy ( ) 0; 0 C .
2. Phng trnh tham s ca ( )
3 2
: 2
1
x t
d y t t
z t
= +
= + e
R .
Gi ( ) I d P = ta im I ng vi tham s t l nghim ca phng trnh:
( ) 3 2 2 1 2 0 1 1; 3; 0 t t t t I + + + = = .
V A ct d nn A i qua I .
( )
, d A ln nht ( )
0
, 90 d d = A A .
ng thng d c vecto ch phng ( )
1
2;1; 1 u =
,

Mt phng ( ) P c vecto php tuyn ( ) 1;1;1 n =
,
.
Gi
2
u
,
l vecto ch phng ca A, ta c:
( )
( )
1 2
2 1
2
, 2; 3;1
d u u
u u n
P
n u

(
= =

A
A
, ,
, , ,
, ,
Vy A qua ( ) 1; 3; 0 I nhn ( )
2
2; 3;1 u =
,
lm vecto ch phng nn c phng trnh:
1 3
2 3 1
x y z +
= =
.
Cu VIIa
Ta c:
( )
( )
1 3
2 1 3
1 3
4 2 1 3
z i
z i
z i z z
i
'
'
' = + = =
+
.
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201
Khi :
( )
1 2 1 3 6 2 3 8 z z i i ' = + = .
t z x yi ' = + , ( ) , x y eR .
Ta c: ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
1 3 6 2 3 8 3 6 2 3 3 8 x yi i i x y y x + + = + + + =
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2 2
2
3 6 2 3 3 8 3 3 16 x y y x x y + + + = + = .
Vy tp hp cc im trn mt phng Oxy biu din cho s phc z tha mn bi ton l
ng trn tm
( )
3; 3 I , bn knh 4 R = .
1. Gi s elip c phng trnh chnh tc ( )
2 2
2 2
: 1
x y
E
a b
+ = , theo bi
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
1 1 1 3
2 4 4 4
c c a b
e b a
a a a
= = = = = .
Suy ra elip c phng trnh:
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
4
1 3 4 3
3
x y
x y a
a a
+ = + = .
Ta cc giao im , , , A B C D ca elip v ng trn l nghim ca h
( )
( )
2 2
2 2 2
16 1
3 4 3 2
x y
x y a
+ =
+ =

Do ( ) E v ( ) C cng nhn trc honh v trc tung lm trc i xng v / /Ox AB nn
, A B i xng nhau qua Oy ; , C D i xng nhau qua
Ox .
2 2
2 2 2.2 4 AB CD x y x y = = = (3).
T (1) v (2) tm c:
2 2
64 16
;
5 5
x y = = .
Thay vo (3) ta c:
2
256
15
a = .
Suy ra phng trnh ca elip ( )
2 2
: 1
256 64
15 5
x y
E + = .
2.
( )
, , a b c
P ct cc trc ta ti
1 1 1
; 0; 0 , 0; ;0 , 0; 0; A B C
a b c
| | | | | |
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
.
Th tch t din OABC l:
3
1 1 1
1 1 1
2 3
. . 8
2 3 3
OABC
a b c
V
a b c
| |
+ +
|
= s =
|
|
\ .
.
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202
Du "=" xy ra
1
1 1 1 2
0
1
2 3
1 1 1 4
6
1
2 3
6
a
a b c
b
a b c
c
= = >

=

+ + =

.
Vy max 8
OABC
V = t c khi
1 1 1
, ,
2 4 6
a b c = = = .
Cu VIIb
iu kin: , 1 x y > .
( )
( ) ( )
3 2 1 2 1
3.3 3.3 3 9
1 1 3
x y x y x y
x y
+ + + +
+ = +
+ + =
.
t
2 1 2 1
3 , 3
x y x y
u v
+ + +
= = . iu kin , 0 u v > . Phng trnh th nht ca h ny thnh:
( )( )
3
3 3 9 3 3 0
3
u
u v uv u v
v
=
+ = + =

=
.
Vi 3 u = , h phng trnh v nghim.
Vi 3 v = ta c h
( )( )
2 1
2
0
3 3
1
1 1 3
1
2
x y
x
y
x
x y
y
+
=

=

=
+ + =

.
So snh vi iu kin, h phng trnh cho c 2 nghim: ( )
1
2; 0 , 1;
2
| |
|
\ .
.

32

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s: ( )
3 2
2 2 3 y x x m x m = + + ( )
m
C
2. Tm m tip tuyn c h s nh nht ca ( )
m
C i qua im
55
1;
27
A
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
3 3
sin .sin3 os cos3 1
8
tan . tan
6 3
x x c x x
x x

+
=
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .

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203
( )
2 4 2
6 3 1 1 0 x x x x + + + + s
( )
1
2
1
0
2
2 9 3 2
x
x x
I dx
=

}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho lng tr ng . ABC A B C ' ' ' c
0
, 2 , 120 AC a BC a ACB = = = v ng thng A C '
to vi mt phng ( ) ABB A ' ' gc
0
30 . Gi M l trung im ca BB' . Tnh th tch khi
lng tr cho v khong cch gia hai ng thng AM v CC' theo a .
Cu V (1,0 im).
nh m h phng trnh sau c nghim:
( )
( )
( )
3 3 2 4 2
3 3 3 3 8 2 2 4 4
1
1 1 2
m x x x xy
m x x x m x y x
+ + + =
+ + + + =

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy , cho ng trn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 1 2 9 C x y + = . Bit
tam gic ABC u ni tip ( ) C c ( ) 2; 2 A . Tm ta cc nh , B C .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho im ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 2; 1 , 1;1; 2 , 2; 1; 2 , A B C D l nh th t
ca hnh bnh hnh ABCD. Tm im S thuc trc cao sao cho th tch khi chp . S BCD
bng 4.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2
log log
2
3 1 3 1 1
x x
x x + + = + .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy , cho im ( ) 3; 0 A v elip ( ) E c phng trnh:
2
2
1
9
x
y + = . Tm
ta cc im , B C thuc ( ) E sao cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho im ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 5; 3;1 , 4; 1; 3 , 6; 2; 4 , 2;1; 7 A B C D . Tm tp
hp cc im M sao cho 3 2 MA MB MC MD MA MB + + =
, , , , , ,
.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Tm s thc m bnh phng s phc
3
1
m i
z
i
+
=
l mt s thc.
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
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204
2. Ta c:
2
3 4 2 y x x m ' = + ; 6 4 y x '' = ;
2
0
3
y x '' = = .
Lp bng bin thin, ta thu c
10
min
3 x
y m
e
' =
R
khi
2
3
x = .
Suy ra im un
2 11 52
;
3 3 27
m
I
| |
|
\ .
.
Phng trnh tip tuyn ti im un l:
10 2 11 52
3 3 3 27
m
y m x
| || |
= +
| |
\ .\ .
(d)
10 1 11 1 1
3 3 3 9 4
m
m m A d
| |
e + = =
|
\ .
.
Cu II
1. iu kin: ( )
6
x k k
= + eZ
Ta c: tan . tan tan .cot 1
6 3 6 6
x x x x
| | | | | | | |
+ = =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
.
3 3
1
sin .sin3 os . os3
8
x x c x c x + =
1 os2 os2 os4 1 os2 os2 os4 1
. .
2 2 2 2 8
c x c x c x c x c x c x + +
+ =
( ) ( )
1 1
2 os2 os2 . os4 2cos 2 1 os4
2 2
c x c x c x x c x = =
( )
3
1 1
6
os 2 cos 2
8 2
6
x k
c x x k
x k
= +
= =
= +
eZ
i chiu vi iu kin ban u, chn ( )
6
x k k
= + eZ .
2. Bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 4 2 2 2 4 2
6 3 1 6 1 0 6 2 1 1 6 1 0 x x x x x x x x x x
(
+ + + + s + + + + + + s

( ) ( )( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
12 1 6 1 1 6 1 0 x x x x x x x x + + + + + + + s
( )
2
2
2 2
6 1
1
12 6 0
1 1
x x
x x
x x x x
+
| | +
+ s
|
+ + + +
\ .
( v
2
1 0 x x x + + > eR )
t
( )
2
2
6 1
, 0
1
x x
t t
x x
+
= >
+ +
.
Bt phng trnh thnh:
2
3
2 6 0 0
2
t t t + s < s .
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205
Do :
( )
2
2
2
6 1
9 11 21 11 21
5 11 5 0
1 4 10 10
x x
x x x
x x
+
+
s + s s s
+ +
.
11 21 11 21
;
10 10
S
(
+
=
(

.
Cu III
t ( )
2
2
3.2 2 3.2 2 2 3ln 2 .2 2
3ln 2
x x x x
tdt
t t tdt dx dx = = = = .
i cn: 0 1 x t = = ; 1 2 x t = = .
Khi :
2 2 2
2 2
1 1 1
2
1 1 1 1
3ln 2
2ln 2 25 5ln 2 5 5 2
9
3
tdt
dt
I dt
t t t t
t
| |
= = =
|
+ | | + \ .
|
\ .
} } }

2
1
1 5 1 9
ln ln
5ln 2 5 5ln 2 4
t
t
= =
+
.
Cu IV
K CH AB . V ( ) AA ABC ' nn
( ) AA CH CH ABB A ' ' '

( ) ( )
0
, 30 CA H A C ABB A ' ' ' ' = = .
S dng nh l cosin v p dng cng thc din
tch cho ABC . ta thu c:
0
2 .2 .sin120 3
7,
7 7
ABC
S a a
AB a CH a
AB a
= = = =
.
.
Suy ra:
2 2
3 5
2 2 AA
7 7
CA CH a A C AC a ' ' ' = = = =
Th tch khi lng tr l:
2 3
5 3 105
AA . .
7 2 14
ABC
a a
V S a ' = = =
.
.
Mt phng ( ) ABB A ' ' cha AM v song song vi CC' nn:
( ) ( ) ( )
3 21
, ,
7 7
a
d AM CC D C ABB A CH a ' ' ' = = = = .
Cu V
3 3 4 4
0
0
2
xy
x
y
x y x
= =

e
=
R
. Do nghim
ca h l: ( ) 0; y , y eR.
+ Nu m = th ta t
3
t x = , h phng trnh thnh:
C
C'
B
B'
A
A'
M
H
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206
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
6 4 2 3 6 4 2 3
8 6 2 4 4 8 6 4 2 4
1 1
1 1 2 1 2 1
m t t t yt m t t t yt
m t t t m t yt m t t t t y t

+ + + = + + + =

+ + + + = + + + + = +

(I)
V 0 t = khng phi l nghim ca h phng trnh (I) nn trong h ny chia v
theo v ca phng trnh th nht cho
3
t , phng trnh th hai cho
4
t ta c:

3
3
4 2
4 2
1 1
1 1
2 1
m t t y
t t
m t t y
t t
| |
+ + + =
|
\ .
| |
+ + + = +
|
\ .
(II)
t
1
u t
t
= + , 2 u > .
` D dng c c:
2 2
2
1
2 t u
t
+ = ;
3 3
3
1
3 t u u
t
+ = ;
( )
2
4 2
4
1
2 2 t u
t
+ =
H (II) tr thnh:
( )
( )
( )
( )
3
3
2
2 2 4 2
3
2
2 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 2 1
m u u u y
m u u y
m u u y m u u y
+ =

=

(
+ + = + + = +

(

Khi :
( ) ( ) ( )
4 2 3 4 3 2
3 1 2 2 1 2 3 4 1 1 m u u m u u m u u u u + = + + + =

4 3 2
1
2 3 4 1 u u u u
m
+ + = .
Xt hm s: ( )
4 3 2
2 3 4 1 f u u u u u = + + vi 2 u > .
( )
3 2
4 6 6 4 f u u u u ' = +
( )
3 2
1
1
0 4 6 6 4 0
2
2
u
f u u u u u
u
=
' = + = =
. i chiu vi 2 u > chn 2 u = .

Lp bng bin thin v da vo bng bin thin ta tm tc
1
1 1 3
3 0 3
0
m m
m m
m
s +

> >

>

Vy gi tr cn tm ca mtha mn yu cu bi ton l:
1
3
0
m
m
>
.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1.
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207
ng trn ( ) C c tm ( ) 1; 2 I
Gi H l chn ng cao k t A.
Do tam gic ABC u nn I cng l trng tm. Suy ra:
5
2 ; 2
2
AI AH H
| |
=
|
\ .
, ,
.
ng thng BC qua
5
;0
2
H
| |
|
\ .
nhn ( ) 3; 0 AI =
,
lm vecto php tuyn nn c phng
trnh:
5
2
x = .
( ) { } , BC C B C = ta cc im , B C l nghim ca h:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
5
2
3 3 5
5 2
1 2 9
2 2
2
5
9 5
4 4 9 4 16 11 0
2
4 2
3 3
2
2
x
y x x y
x
x
y y y y x
y

= + = + =

=

+ + = = =

Vy ta cc im , B C cn tm l:
5 3 3 5 3 3
; 2 , ; 2
2 2 2 2
| | | |
+
| |
| |
\ . \ .
.
2.
Gi s ( )
0 0 0
; ; D x y z l nh th t ca hnh bnh hnh ABCD.
Do : AB DC =
, ,
hay ( )
0 0
0 0
0 0
2 2 4
1 1 0 0; 4; 5
3 2 5
x x
y y D
z z
= =

= =

= =

( ) 0; 0; S Oz S s e
Ta c : ( ) ( ) 3; 2; 4 , 5; 1; 7 BC BD = =
, ,

Do : ( ) , 10;1;7 BC BD
(
=

, ,
; ( ) 1; 1; 2 BS s =
,

Suy ra: , 7 5 BC BD BS s
(
=

, , ,

Theo :
.
19
7 5 24
1
7
4 7 5 4 7 5 24
7 5 24 29 6
7
S BCD
s
s
V s s
s
s
=
= = =
=

=

Suy ra ta cc im S cn tm l:
19 29
0;0; , 0; 0;
7 7
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .

Cu VIIa
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208
iu kin: 0 x > .
t
( )
2
log
3 1
x
t = , 0 t > .
Phng trnh cho thnh:
( )
2
2 2 2 2
2
1
1 1 0
t
x
t x t x t x
t t x
=
+ = + + + =

=

+ Vi 1 t = ta c:
( )
2
log
2
3 1 1 log 0 1
x
x x = = =
+ Vi
( ) ( )
2
2 2
log 2
log og 2
3 1 2 4
x
x l x
t x = = =
2
og
2
3 1
1 log 0 1
4
l x
x x
| |
= = =
|
|
\ .
.
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim: 1 x = .
1.
R rng ( ) ( ) 3; 0 A E e
Theo gi thit bi ton suy ra , B C v hai im i xng qua trc honh.
Gi s ( ) ( )
0 0 0 0
; ; B x y C x y ,
0
3 x <
Gi H l trung im ( )
2
0 0 0 0 0
2
;0 2 9 ; 3 3
3
BC H x BC y x AH x x = = = =
ABC . vung cn ti A
2
0 0
1 1
3 9
2 3
AH BC x x = = ( ) ( )( )
2
0 0 0
9 3 3 3 x x x = +
( )
0 0 0 0 0
12
9 3 3 27 9 3
5
x x x x x = + = + =
Khi :
0 0
3 3
5 5
y y = = .
Vy ta cc im cn tm l:
12 3 12 3
; , ;
5 5 5 5
B C
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
hoc
12 3 12 3
; , ;
5 5 5 5
B C
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
.
2. Gi s tn ti im ( )
0 0 0
; ; I x y z tha mn h thc: 3 2 0 IA IB IC ID + + =
, , , , ,
.
D dng tm c im
8 10 1
; ;
3 3 3
I
| |
|
\ .
.
Ta c:
1
3 2 3
3
MA MB MC MD MA MB MI AB MI AB + + = = =
, , , , , , , ,
.
Vy tp hp cc im M l mt cu tm
8 10 1
; ;
3 3 3
I
| |
|
\ .
, bn knh
1 1
3 3
R AB = = v phng
trnh mt cu l:
2 2 2
8 10 1 1
3 3 3 9
x y z
| | | | | |
+ + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
.
Cu VIIb
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209
Ta c:
( )( )
( )( )
2
2
3 1 3 3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1 2 2
m i i m i m mi i i m m
z i
i i i i
+ + + + + + +
= = = = +
+

Suy ra
2 2
2 2
2 2
3 9 3 9
3
2 2 2 2
m m m m
z i i m i
+ | | | |
= + + = +
| |
\ . \ .

2
z l s thc
2
9
0 3
2
m
m
= = .

33

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s:
4 2
2 2 y x mx = + ( )
m
C
2. Tm m ( )
m
C c ba im cc tr to thnh mt tam gic vung c ng trn ngoi
tip i qua im
3 9
;
5 5
D
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
4
2
1 tan
8 os sin 4 2
4 1 tan
x
c x x
x
| |
+ + =
|
+
\ .

2. Gii bt phng trnh: ( )
2
4
, ,
16 2 3
x y x y x y
x y
x y x
+ =
= +
R
( )
5
2
ln 1 1
1 1
x
I dx
x x
+
=
+
}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp . S ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung cn ti C , cnh huyn bng 3 . a
Gi G l trng tm tam gic ABC , ( ) SG ABC ,
14
2
a
SB = . Tnh th tch khi chp
. S ABC v khong cch t B n mt phng ( ) SAC .
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , 0 x y > tha
3 3
x y x y + = . Chng minh rng:
2 2
4 1 x y + < .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy , cho hnh thang vung ABCD vung ti A v D c y ln l
CD, ng thng AD c phng trnh 3 0 x y = , ng thng BD c phng trnh
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210
2 0 x y = , gc to bi ng thng BC v AB bng
0
45 . Vit phng trnh ng thng
BC bit din tch hnh thang bng 24 v im B c honh dng.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz , cho im ( ) ( ) 0; 2; 0 , 0; 0; 1 A B v C Ox e . Vit phng trnh
mt phng ( ) ABC bit khong cch t C n mt phng ( ) : 2 2 0 P x y z + = bng khong
cch t C n ng thng
1 2
:
1 2 2
x y z +
A = = .
Cu VII a (1,0 im) Tm meR phng trnh: ( )
2
2 2 1 2 1 0 z m z m + + + = c 2
nghim phn bit
1 2
, z z eC tha mn
1 2
10 z z + = .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho cc im ( ) ( ) 0;1 , 2; 1 A B v cc ng thng:
( ) ( )
1
: 1 2 2 0 d m x m y m + + = ; ( ) ( )
2
: 2 1 3 5 0 d m x m y m + + = .
Chng minh
1
d v
2
d lun ct nhau. Gi
1 2
P d d = , tm m sao cho PA PB + ln nht.
2.Trong khng gian Oxyz , cho hai im
5 5
1; 2; , 4; 2;
2 2
A B
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
. Tm ta im M trn
mt phng ( ) Oxy sao cho tam gic ABM vung ti M v c din tch nh nht.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2
3 5
3
log log 1
x y
x y x y
=
+ =

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c:
( )
3 2
4 4 4 y x mx x x m ' = =
( )
m
C c ba im cc tr phng trnh 0 y' = c ba nghim phn bit 0 m > .
Ta cc im cc tr l: ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
3 9
0; 2 , ; 2 , ; 2 , ;
5 5
A B m m C m m D
| |
+ +
|
\ .
.
Gi ( ) ; I x y l tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC .
Theo : ng trn ny i qua im
3 9
;
5 5
D
| |
|
\ .
khi v ch khi
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2
2
2 2
3 1 0
2 2
2 2
x y IA ID
IB IC x m x m
IB IA
x m y m x y
+ = =

= =

=
+ + + = +
.
Gii h phng trnh ny tm c 1 m = .

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211
Cu II
1. iu kin: ( ) cos 0
2
x x k k
= = + eZ .
( ) ( ) ( )( )
2
2
4 4
2 2
2
sin
1
os
cos sin 2sin 2 cos 2 2 cos sin os sin 1 sin 2
1
os
x
c x
x x x x x x c x x x
c x
+ = =

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4 3 3
cos sin cos sin cos sin cos sin sin 0 x x x x x x x x x = + =
cos sin 0 tan 1
4
sin 0 sin 0
x x x x k
x x
x k
= = = +

= =

=
, ( ) k eZ .
Vy phng trnh cho c 2 h nghim: ( ) 4
x k
k
x k
= +
eZ
2. iu kin:
2
4, 0, , 4 , 3 x y x y x y y x > > > > > .
Phng th nht ca h cho tng ng vi:
( )
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 4 2 2 4 4 4 x x y x y x y y x x y y xy x = = = +
2
0
4 4 0
4 4
y
y xy y
y x
=
+ =

=
.
Trng hp 0 y = khng tha iu kin nn loi.
Vi 4 4 y x = , thay vo phng trnh th hai ca h phng trnh cho ta c:
2
2 2
2
25 5
16 2 4 16 3 4 1
4 1
16 3
x x
x x x x
x
x

= + = =
+
+

( )
2
5 1
5 0
4 1
16 3
x
x
x
x
| |
+
=
|
+
+
\ .
.
V
2 2
5 5 5 1
1 4
3 4 1
16 3 3
x x x
x
x x
x x
+ + +
> = > > >
+ +
+ +

nn ta thu c 5 16 x y = = .
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim l: ( ) 5;16
Cu III
t ( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1 2 1 t x x t dx t dt = + = + = .
i cn: 2 2 x t = = ; 5 3 x t = = .
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212
Ta c:
( )
( )
( )
3 3
3
2 2 2
2
2
2 2
1 ln ln
2 1 2 ln ln 3 ln 2
1 1
t t t
I t dt dt t
t
t t
= = = =
+
} }

Cu IV
Gi I l trung im AB ,
3
2 2
a a
CI IG = = .
Trong BIG . vung ti I ta c:
2
2 2 2
5
2
a
BG BI IG = + = .
Suy ra:
2 2
2 2
7 5
2 2
a a
SG SB BG a = = = .
Do :
3
.
1 1 1 3 3
. . 3
3 3 2 2 4
S ABC ABC
a a
V SG S a a
| |
= = =
|
\ .
.
.
K , GK AC K AC e , / / GK BC SK BC .
2
2 2 2
3
2 2 2 2
GC a a a
GK SK SG GK a = = = + = + = ;
3
2
a
AC =
2
1 3 3 3 3
.
2 2 4 2
SAC
a a
S a = =
.

Vy ta c khong cch t B n mt phng ( ) SAC l: ( ) ( )
.
3
, 3
S ABC
SAC
V
d B SAC a
S
= =
.
.
Cu V
Ta c:
( )( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2
1 4 4 4 x y x y x y x y x y x y x y x y + = + + + = + +
=
( )
3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2
4 4 5 3 5 3 x y x xy x y y y xy x y y y xy x + + + = + = +
( )
2
2
2 0 y x y y xy
(
= + + >

, 0 x y > .
V
3 3
0 x y + > nn
2 2 2 2
1 4 0 4 1 x y x y > + < ( iu phi chng minh).
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Ta c: D AD BD = ta im D l nghim ca h phng trnh:
( )
3 0 0
0; 0
2 0 0
x y x
D O
x y y
= =

= =

.

0
1
os 45
2
c ADB ADB AD AB = = = (1)
V gc gia hai ng thng BC v AB bng
0
45 nn
0
45 BCD =
BCD . vung cn ti 2 B DC AB = .
G
A
C
B
S
I
M
K
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213
Theo bi ta c: ( )
2
1 3.
. 24 4 4 2
2 2
ABCD
AB
S AB CD AD AB BD = + = = = = .
( ) 2 ; B BD B b b e , 0 b > .
Ta c:
2 2 2 2
4 10
32
5
4 2 32 4 32
5
4 10
0
5
b
BD BD b b b
b
= = + = =
= <
.
V 0 b > nn chn
8 10
5
b = . Do ta im
8 10 4 10
;
5 5
B
| |
|
|
\ .
.
Phng trnh ng thng : 2 4 10 0 BC x y + = .
2. Gi ( ) ; 0; 0 C c Ox e .
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2
,.
3
c
d C P =
ng thng A qua ( ) 1; 0; 2 M nhn ( ) 1; 2; 2 u =
,
lm vecto ch phng.
( ) , 4; 4 2 ; 2 2 MC u c c
(
=

, ,
. Suy ra: ( )
2 ,
8 24 36
,
3
MC u
c c
d C
u
(
+
= A

=
, ,
,
Theo ta c: ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
2 8 24 36
, , 2 6 9
3 3
c c c
d C d C P c c c
+
= = + = A
( )
2 2 2
2 6 9 6 9 0 3 3; 0; 0 c c c c c c C + = + = = .
Vy phng trnh mt phng ( ) P l: 1 2 3 6 6 0
3 2 1
x y z
x y z + + = + =
.
Cu VIIa
Phng trnh cho c hai nghim phn bit
1 2
, 0 z z ' e A = C .
Trng hp 1: 0 ' A > .
Ta c:
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
10 2 10 z z z z z z + = + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 2 10 1 2 1 2 1 10 z z z z z z m m m + + = + + + = .
Gii tm c 3 2 5 m =
Trng hp 2: 0 ' A < . Ta c:
( ) ( )
2
2
2
1 2
10 1 6 1 10 2 z z m m m m + = + + + = = .
Vy 3 2 5, 2 m m = = l gi tr cn tm tha yu cu bi ton.
Cu VIb
1. Ta c:
1 2
P d d = ta im P l nghim ca h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 2 2
2 1 3 5
m x m y m
m x m y m
+ =
+ = +

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214
nh thc ca h l: ( ) ( )
2 2
2
1 2
1 2 2 6 5 0
2 1
m m
D m m m m m
m m

= = + = + >

Suy ra: h phng trnh lun c nghim duy nht.
Vi mi m th
1
d lun i qua ( ) 0;1 A ,
2
d lun i qua ( ) 2; 1 B .
Hn na
1 2
, d d vung gc vi nhau v
1 2
1 2
, . 1
2 1
m m
k k
m m
| | | |
= =
| |

\ . \ .

( Nu 1 m = th
1 2
: 1, : 2 d y d x = = ; nu 2 m = th
1 2
: 0, : 1 d x d y = = )
Vy vi mi m, giao im ( ) ; P x y ca
1
d v
2
d lun thuc ng trn ng knh AB .
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
2 2 16 4 PA PB PA PB AB PA PB + s + = = + s .
Du "=" khi v ch khi PA PB = tc P nm ti I hoc J ( vi , I J nhng im nm
chnh gia cung AB ).
Vy ( ) 4 Max PA PB + = khi P I hoc P J ng vi 1 m = hoc 2 m = .
2. Gi I l trung im
5 5
; 0; ; 5
2 2
AB I AB
| |
=
|
\ .

M thuc mt cu ( )
2 2
2
5 5 25
:
2 2 4
S x y z
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

Ta im M l nghim ca h
2 2
2
0
5 5 25
2 2 4
z
x y z
=
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

H ( ) ; MH AB HK Oxy
( ) ( ) ( )
/ / , AB Oxy HK d AB Oxy = khng i m MH HK > nn
ABM
S
.
nh nht MH
nh nht M nm trn ng thng A l hnh chiu vung gc ca AB ln mt phng
( ) Oxy .
Mt khc ( ) S tip xc vi mt phng ( ) Oxy nn M eA .
Vy
5
; 0; 0
2
M
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu VIIb
iu kin:
0
0
x y
x y
+ >
>

Phng trnh th nht ca h tng ng vi:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
3 3 3 3 3
log 1 log log 1 log 1 log x y x y x y x y x y = + + = + = (*)
Thay (*) vo phng trnh th hai ca h ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 5 3 3 3
1 log log 1 1 log 5 log 0 log 0 1 x y x y x y x y x y = = = =
Khi ta c h phng trnh:
2 2
3 2 3
1 1 1
x y x x y
x y y x y
+ = = =

= = =

.
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht l: ( ) 2;1 .
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215

34

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s: ( )
3 2
1
2 3 1 1
3
y x mx m x = + + + ( )
m
C
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn A ca ( )
m
C ti im c honh bng 1. Tm m
giao im ca A v : 2 d y x = cch u gc ta .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
5 3
sin os 2 os
2 4 2 4 2
x x x
c c
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
2 2
1 1 4 3
12 2 3 7 1 12 3 5
x y x y x y
x x y xy y x
+ + + = + + +
+ + = +
, , x y eR.
( )
4
0
tan .ln os
cos
x c x
I dx
x
=
}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp . S ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung cnh bng a , 3 SA a = v SA
vung gc vi mt phng y. Tnh theo a th tch khi t din . S ACD v tnh cosin ca
gc gia hai ng thng , SB AC .
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , , 0 a b c > tha 1 ab bc ca + + = . Chng minh rng:
2 2
2
3
10
1 1
1
a b c
a b
c
+ + s
+ +
+
.
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy , cho ng trn ( ) C : ( ) ( )
2 2 25
1 2
2
x y + + = v ng thng
: 3 4 20 0 d x y + = . Lp phng trnh cc cnh hnh vung ABCD ngoi tip ( ) C bit
A d e .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz , cho cc im ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; 0; 0 , ; ; 0 , 0; ; 0 , 0; 0; 2 B a C a a D a S a . Gi
s N l trung im ca cnh SD. Tm gi tr nguyn dng ln nht ca a khong
cch gia hai ng thng SB v CN ln hn
2
7
a
.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
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216
Vit dng lng gic ca s phc
( )
8
1 3 z i = + . Trong cc acgumen ca s phc z , hy
tm acgumen c s o dng nh nht.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho tam gic ABC ni tip ng trn
( )
2 2
: 4 2 8 0 C x y x y + = . nh A thuc tia Oy , ng cao v t C nm trn ng
thng : 5 0 d x y + = . Tm ta cc nh , , A B C bit rng im C c honh l mt s
nguyn.
2.Trong khng gian Oxyz , cho ng thng
1 4
:
2 1 2
x y z
d
+
= =
v cc im ( ) 1; 2; 7 A ,
( ) ( ) 1; 5; 2 , 3; 2; 4 B C . Tm ta im M thuc d sao cho
2 2 2
MA MB MC t gi tr
ln nht.
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Cho hm s:
( )
2
2
2
x m x m
y
x
+
=
( )
m
C .
Tm m ( )
m
C c cc tr ti cc im A, B sao cho ng thng AB i qua gc ta .
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c:
2
4 3 1 y x mx m ' = + + ; ( ) 1 7 y m ' = v ( )
1
1 5
3
y m = + .
Phng trnh tip tuyn ca ( )
m
C ti
1
1;5
3
m
| |
+
|
\ .
l:
1
7 2
3
y mx m = +
Gi K d = A ta im K l nghim ca h:
( )
( )
6 1
1
3 7 2
7 2
3
12 2
2
3 7 2
m
x
m
y mx m
m
y x y
m

=

= +

= =
.
Theo : ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
6 1 12 2
, ,
3 7 2 3 7 2
m m
d K Ox d K Oy
m m

= =

2
2
7
7
1 1
6 1 12 2
6 6
6 1 12 2 1
6
m
m
m m
m m
m m
m

= =

= +

=

.
Vy
1
6
m = l gi tr cn tm tha mn yu cu bi ton.
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217
Cu II
5 3 5 3 3
sin sin 2 os sin sin 2 os
2 4 2 4 2 2 2 4 4 2 2
x x x x x x
c c
| | | | | | | |
+ = =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

3 3 3 3
2cos sin 2 os 2cos os 2 os
4 2 2 2 4 2 2
x x x x
x c x c c
| | | | | |
+ = + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

( )
2 3
3
3 3 2 2
os 0
2
2 2
2 4 4 2
os
4
2
4
3
2
4
3
2
x
x k k
x
c
x k x k k
c x
x
x k
k

= + = +

+ = + = +

| |
+ =

|
=
\ .

+ = +

e
+
Z
2. t 1 0 u x y = + + > ; ( ) 3 0 v x y = + > .
( )
2 2
2 2
2
4 2 2 4
3 3
3 3
9 9 4 9 9 3 4 9
u v
u v
u v u u v v
=
=

+ = + + = +

( )( )
2 2
2 2
3 2 2 3 4 2 2 4
3 3
3 3
9 9 3 3 0 9 9 9 6 3 0
u v
u v
u v u u v uv v u v u u v v
=
=

+ + + = + =

2 2
2 3 6
2
u v
u v
u v
=
= =

Khi :
( )
6
1
1 1
2
2 2
6
3
2
x y
x y y x
x y
+ + =
+ = =
+ =
. Thay vo phng trnh th hai ca h

phng trnh cho ta tm c:
4 5
3 6
1 7
6 10
y x
y x
= =
= =
.
Vy h phng trnh cho c hai nghim l:
5 4 7 1
; , ;
6 3 10 6
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu III
t cos sin t x dt xdx = =
i cn: 0 1 x t = = ;
1
4 2
x t
= = .
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218
Khi :
1
1 1 1 1 2
2 2 2
1 1
1 1 1
2 2
2 2
ln ln 1 1 2 1 2
ln ln 2 2 1 ln 2
2 2
t t
I dt t dt
t t t t t
= = = + = =
} } }

Cu IV
2 3
.
1 1 3
. . 3.
3 3 2 6
S ACD ACD
a a
V SAS a = = =
.
.
Gi O l tm ca hnh vung ABCD, I l trung im ca cnh SD th
AOI = l gc
gia hai ng thng SB v AC
( do / / OI SB).
Trong SAD . vung ti A c:
2 2
1 1
3
2 2
AI SD a a a = = + =
Trong SBD . , OI l ng trung bnh nn
1
2
OI SB a = = .
OIA . cn I suy ra:
1 2
2
2 4
os cos
4
a
OA
c AOI
OI a
= = = = .
Cu V
t tan , tan , tan a b c = = = vi , , 0;
4

| |
e
|
\ .
.
Theo gi thit 1 tan tan tan tan tan tan 1 ab bc ca + + = + + =
( )
1 tan tan
tan tan . tan 1 tan tan
tan 1 tan tan

+
+ = =

( ) cot tan = + ( ) os 0 c + + = (1)
V , , 0;
4

| |
e
|
\ .
nn
3
0;
4

| |
+ + e
|
\ .
. Do ( ) 1
2
+ + = .
Bt ng thc cn chng minh tng ng vi: sin 2 sin 2 6sin 2 10 + + s (2)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2sin . os 6sin 2sin . os 6sin
2
VT c c
| |
= + + = +
|
\ .

= ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2cos . os 6sin 4cos 6 os sin 4 36 2 10 c c ( + s + + s + =

.

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. ng trn ( ) C c tm ( ) 1; 2 I , bn knh
5
2
R = .
I
O
A
D
C
B
S
d
I
A
D
B
C
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219
Phng trnh tham s ca ng thng d l:
4
5 3
x t
y t
=
.
( ) 4 ; 5 3 A d A t t e .
Theo gi thit ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 4 1 7 3 5 1 4; 2 AI R t t t A = + = = .
Phng trnh cc cnh hnh vung cha im A c dng:
( ) ( ) : 4 2 0 4 2 0 a x b y ax by a b A + = + =
( )
2 2
0 a b + > .
Ta c: ( )
2 2
2 2
7 3 4
5
, 7 48 7 0
7 2
a b a b
d I R a ab b
b a
a b
=
= = =
=
+
A

.
+ Vi 7 a b = , chn 1 b = suy ra: 7 a = . Do A c phng trnh l: 7 30 0 x y + = .
+ Vi 7 b a = , chn 1 a = suy ra: 7 b = . Do A c phng trnh l: 7 10 0 x y + = .
Khng mt tnh tng qut, gi : 7 30 0 AB x y + = , : 7 10 0 AD x y + = .
Do I l trung im ca AC nn suy ra ( ) 2; 6 C
BC qua C v song song vi AD nn : 7 40 0 BC x y =
CD qua C v song song vi AB nn : 7 20 0 Cd x y + + = .
Vy phng trnh ca bn cnh hnh vung l:
: 7 30 0 AB x y + = ; : 7 10 0 AD x y + = ; : 7 40 0 BC x y = ; : 7 20 0 CD x y + + = .
2. Ta c: ( ) ( ) ; 0; 2 , ; ; , ; ; 2
2
a
BS a a CN a a SC a a a
| |
= = =
|
\ .
, , ,

2
2 2 3
, ; ; , ,
2
a
BS CN a a BS CN SC a
| |
( (
= =
|
|
\ .
, , , , ,

( )
( ) ( )
3
2
2
2 2
2 2
2
,
3
2
a
a
d SB CN
a
a a
= =
| |
+ +
|
\ .
.
Theo : ( )
2 2
2 14
, 0
7 3 7 3
a a a
d SB CN a > > < < . V a
+
eZ nn { } 1; 2; 3; 4 ae .
Suy ra gi tr ln nht ca a l 4.
Cu VIIa
Ta c:
1 3
1 3 2 2 os sin
2 2 3 3
i i c i

| |
| |
+ = + = +
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
.
Theo cng thc Moavr ta c:
( )
8
8
8 8
1 3 2 os sin
3 3
z i c i
| |
= + = +
|
\ .
.
Nhn thy
8 2
2
3 3

= + v
2
0 2
3
< < nn acgumen dng nh nht ca z l

2
3
.
Cu VIb
1. A thuc tia Oy nn ( ) 0; , 0 A a a >
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220
( ) ( )
2
4
2 8 0 0; 4
2 0
a
A C a a A
a
=
e =
= <
.
( ) 5 ; d C c C c e
( )
2 2 2
1
25 20 2 8 0 26 18 8 0
4
13
c
C C c c c c c c
c
=
e + + = + =

=

V c eZ nn 1 c = . Suy ra ( ) 5; 1 C .
: 5 0 AB d AB x y m + = . M A AB e nn 4 m = . Vy : 5 4 0 AB x y + = .
( ) ; 5 4 AB B b B b e + .
( )
( )
( )
2
0 0; 4
26 26 0
1 1; 1
b B
C b b
b B
B
=
e + =

=

Loi ( ) 0; 4 B v trng vi A.
Vy ( ) ( ) 0; 4 , 1; 1 A B v ( ) 5; 1 C .
2. ( ) 2 1; 4; 2 d M t M t t e +
( )
2
2 2 2 2
9 18 12 21 9 1 21 MA MB MC t t t = + = + s .
Du "=" xy ra khi 1 t = .
Vy
( )
2 2 2
21 max MA MB MC = khi ( ) 1; 3; 2 M .
Cu VIIb
Hm s c vit li nh sau:
2
m
y x m
x
= + +
.
Tp xc nh : { } \ 2 D = R .
o hm
( )
( )
2
2
2
2
x m
y
x

' =
.
Hm s c cc tr phng trnh ( ) 0 y x ' = c 2 nghim phn bit phng trnh
( )
2
2 x m = c 2 nghim phn bit khc 2 0 m > .
Gi s ta c ta cc im cc tr l: ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
; , B ; A x y x y .
1 1
2 2 2 x m y m m = = + ;
2 2
2 2 2 . x m y m m = + = + +
ng thng AB qua
( )
2 ; 2 2 A m m m + nhn
( )
2 ; 4 AB m m =
,
lm vect ch
phng nn c phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 4
x m y m m
m m
+
= ( ) 0 m > 2 2 0 x y m + = .
ng thng AB i qua gc ta nn ta c c: 2.0 0 2 0 2 m m + = = tha iu
kin 0 m > .
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221

35

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s:
2
1
x
y
x
=
+
( ) C
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn A ca ( ) C bit tip tuyn to vi hai ng tim cn ca
( ) C mt tam gic c bn knh ng trn ni tip ln nht.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
9 6
2cos os 1
10 5
x x
c =
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2
2
2 2 1 34 2
2 2 1 34 2
x x y xy x
y x y xy y
+ + = +
+ + = +
, , x y eR.
Cu III (1,0 im).
Cho ( ) ( ) { }
2 2 2
: 2 ; : 8 P y x C x y = + = . ( ) P chia ( ) C lm 2 phn. Tm t s din tch ca
hai phn ?
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp . S ABC c y l tam gic vung cn ti A v AB AC a = = . Mt phng
( ) SBC vung gc vi mt phng y, gc gia mi mt bn cn li vi mt phng y
bng
0
45 . Tnh theo a th tch khi chp . S ABC .
Cu V (1,0 im).
Gi s hai s thc ( ) , 0;1 x y e v 1 x y + = . Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc .
x y
x y +
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy , cho elip ( )
2 2
: 1
25 16
x y
E + = c hai tiu im
1 2
, F F . Tm im M
trn ( ) E sao cho
1 2
1 2
1 1
P MF MF
MF MF
= + + + t gi tr ln nht.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz , cho bn ng thng:
1
1 2
:
1 2 2
x y z
d

= =
;
2
2 2
:
2 4 4
x y z
d

= =
;
3
1
:
2 1 1
x y z
d

= = ;
4
2 1
:
2 2 1
x y z
d

= =

Chng minh
1 2
, d d cng thuc mt mt phng ( ) P . Vit phng trnh mt phng ( ) P
v chng minh c mt ng thng A ct c bn ng thng trn. Vit phng trnh
ng thng A .
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222
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Cho hai s phc
1 2 1
2
3 6 ,
3
i
z i z z = + = c cc im biu din trong mt phng phc tng
ng l , A B. Chng minh rng tam gic OAB vung ti O.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy , vit phng trnh ng thng A i qua ( ) 1;8 M , ct chiu
dng ca cc trc , Ox Oy ti , A B sao cho AB nh nht.
2.Trong khng gian Oxyz , cho hnh vung ABCD c nh ( ) 1; 1; 2 C v ng cho
1 1 1
:
4 1 1
x y z
BD
+ +
= =
. Tm ta cc nh , , A B D bit im B c honh dng.

Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Gii h phng trnh:
( )( )
2
3
3
1 4
2 1 log 1
log 3
1 log 1 2 2
x
x
y
x
y
y

+ =
+ =

BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Phng trnh tip tuyn A c dng:
( )
( )
0
0 2
0
0
2 3
1
1
x
y x x
x
x
= +
+
+

(
0
x l honh tip im)
Gi I l giao im hai tim cn v , A B ln lt l giao im ca A vi hai tim cn.
Ta c: ( ) ( )
0
0
0
5
1;1 , 1; , 2 1;1
1
x
I A B x
x
| |
+
|
+
\ .
. Suy ra:
0
0
6
; 2 1
1
IA IB x
x
= = +
+

2 2
. . . 6
2 . 2 . 2 3 6
IA IB IA IB IA IB
r
IA IB AB IAIB IA IB
IA IB IA IB
= = s =
+ + + +
+ + +
.
Du "=" xy ra khi v ch khi ( )
2
0 0
0
6
2 1 1 3
1
IA IB x x
x
= = + + =
+

0 2
0 0
0
1 3
2 2 0
1 3
x
x x
x
=
+ =
= +

Vy c hai tip tuyn tha mn yu cu bi ton l: 2 2 3 y x = + ; 2 3 y x = + + .
Cu II
3 2
9 6 3 3 3
1 os os 1 4cos 2cos 3cos 3 0
5 5 5 5 5
x x x x x
c c + = + =
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223
2
2
3
os 1
3 3 3
5
os 1 4cos 6cos 3 0
3 3 5 5 5
4cos 6cos 3 0
5 5
x
c
x x x
c
x x
| || |
+ + =
| |
\ .\ .

+ =

Ta c:
5 10
2
3
s
3
3
o 1
5 3 5
x x
c k x k

+ = + = = ( ) k eZ .
Phng trnh:
2
3 3
4cos 6cos 3 0
5 5
x x
+ = v nghim.
Vy phng trnh cho c mt h nghim: ( )
5 10

3 3
x k k

= + eZ .
2. iu kin 2, 1 x y s > .
Tr v theo v ca hai phng trnh trong h cho ta c:
( )( )
2 2
2
2 2 3 2 2 2 1 0
2 1
x y
x y xy x y x y x y
x y
=
= + + =

+ =
.
+ Vi 2 x y = th 2 2 2 x y > = > nn 2; 1 x y = = (Khng tha h.
+ Vi 2 1 x y + = th thay vo phng trnh ban u ta c:
2
6 3 34 2 2 0 x x x x + + = (iu kin 0 x < )
( )( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2 1 2
3 2 2 5 0 2 3 2 5 0
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
x x
x x x x
x x x x
+ + (
+ = + =
(
+ + + +

V 0 x < nn ( )
1 2
3 2 5 0
2 2 2 2
x
x x
<
+ +
.
Do phng trnh trn c nghim 2 x = . Suy ra 5 y = .
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim: ( ) 2; 5 .

Cu III
Theo hnh v bn ( ) P chia ( ) C thnh hai min
k hiu l
1 2
, S S . Ta c:

2 2
2
2
0
2 8
2
y
S y dy
| |
=
|
\ .
}

2 2
2 2
0 0
2 8 . y dy y dy =
} }

t
2
2
0
8 I y dy =
}
. i bin 2 2 sin 2 2 cos y u dy udu = = .
O
y
x
-
2 2
2
2
2
-
-
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224
Khi
4 4
2 2
0 0
8 8sin .2 2 cos 8 1 sin .cos I u udu u udu

= =
} }

( )
4 4
4
2
0 0 0
1 1
8 cos 4 1 cos 2 4 sin 2 4 2
2 4 2
udu u du u u

| | | |
= = + = + = + = +
| |
\ . \ .
} }
.
Do
2
8 8 4
2 2 4 2
3 3 3
S I = = + = + ( vdt ).
Ta c
( )
2
1 2 1
4 4
2 2 8 8 2 6
3 3
S S S
| |
+ = = = + =
|
\ .
( vdt )
1
2
4
6
9 2
3
4
3 2
2
3
S
S

= =
+
+
l t s din tch cn tm
Cu IV
H SH BC ti H .
( ) ( ) ( ) SBC ABC SH ABC .
H HI AB ti I ; HJ AC ti J .
HI AB SI AB SIH l gc hp bi
mt phng ( ) SAB v y
( )

0
45 SI A H BC = .
Tng t:
0
45 SJH = .
( ) , SH ABC SH HI SH HJ
H l trung im BC I l trung im
on AB
2 2
AC a
SH IH = = =
2
1
.
2 2
ABC
a
S AB AC = =
.

Vy
2 3
.
1 1
. . . .
3 3 2 2 12
S ABC ABC
a a a
V SH S = = =
.
.
Cu V
Xt hm s ( ) ( ) ln 1, 0; . f x x x x = + e +
Ta c : ( )
1
1. f x
x
' =
Vy ( ) ( ) 1 0, f 0 f x ' ' = > khi 0 1 x < < v ( ) 0 f x ' < khi 1 x > . Suy ra
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 0, x 0; . f x f s = e +
Vy
1 1
0
2 2
xf yf
x y
| |
| |
+ s
| |
\ .
\ .
, 0 x y >
B
A
C
S
H
I
J
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225
Hay
1 1
ln ln 0
2 2
y
x
x y
| |
| |
+ s
| |
\ .
\ .
. Suy ra
1
. .
2
x y
x y >
Mt khc
1
2 2 2.
2
x y x y
x y x y + > > =
Du = xy ra khi
1
.
2
x y = =
Vy gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
x y
x y + l 2 .

B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Gi ( ) ( )
2 2
; 1
25 16
x y
M x y E e + = .
T phng trnh ca ( ) E suy ra: 5, 4, 3 a b c = = = .
Hai tiu im ca elip l: ( ) ( )
1 2
3; 0 , 3; 0 F F
1 2
3 3
4 , 4
5 5
MF a ex x MF a ex x = + = + = =
Suy ra:
1 2 2
2
1 2
1 1 10 250
10 10
9
625 9
25
25
P MF MF
MF MF x
x
= + + + = + = +

P ln nht th
2
x phi ln nht 5 x = . Khi
85
m
8
ax =
2.
1
d qua ( )
1
1; 2; 0 M c vecto ch phng ( )
1
1; 2; 2 u =
,
;
2
d qua ( )
2
2; 2; 0 M c vecto ch
phng ( )
2
2; 4; 4 u =
,
.R rng
1 2
/ / d d
1 2
, d d thuc mt phng ( ) P .
( ) P qua ( )
1
1; 2; 0 M c vecto php tuyn ( )
1 2 1
; 0; 2; 2 n M M u
(
= =

, , ,

nn c phng trnh: 2 0 y z + = .
Ta c: ( )
3
1 3
1; ;
2 2
A d P A
| |
=
|
\ .
; ( ) ( )
4
4; 2; 0 B d P B = .
Suy ra: , A B thuc mt phng ( ) P .
ng thng AB c vecto ch phng l:
3 3
3; ;
2 2
AB
| |
=
|
\ .
,

V
1
AB ku =
, ,
nn AB ct
1
d v
2
d .
ng thng A cn tm chnh l ng thng AB :
1 2
2 1 1
x y z
= =

Cu VIIa
Ta c:
2 1
65 AB z z = = ;
1
45 OA z = = ;
2
20 OB z = = .
Suy ra:
2 2 2
OA OB AB + = . Vy tam gic OAB vung ti O.

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226
Cu VIb
1. Gi s ( ) ( ) ; 0 , 0; A a B b ; , 0 a b >
Khi : 1
x y
a b
A + = . V A i qua ( ) 1;8 M nn
1 8
1
a b
+ = .
Ta c:
5
4
10
2 8
1 8 1 1 1 1 1 10
1 ... 10
2 2 4 2
ab
a b a a b b a b
= + = + + + + > >
( bt ng thc Cauchy cho 10 s dng)
Du "=" xy ra khi v ch khi
1 8
1
5
1 1 10
2
a
a b
b
a b
+ =
=

=

Ta c:
2 2 2 2 2 8
5
4
2 2 2 2 2 2
4
5
4 4 4 4
b b b b
AB OA OB a
a
b
b
a = + = + = + + + + >
( bt ng thc Cauchy cho 5 s dng)
2
2
2
4
b
a b a = = .
Vy
2 8 10
2
5 5
4 5
10
5 5 125
4 4
a b
AB > > = .
Du "=" xy ra khi v ch khi 5, 10 a b = = .
Vy AB nh nht khi v ch khi : 1 2 10 0
5 10
x y
x y A + = + = .
2. Gi I l tm ca hnh vung th I chnh l hnh chiu ca C ln BD.
Ta c: ( ) 1 4 ;1 ; 1 I t t t + + nn ( ) 4 2; 2 ; 1 CI t t t = +
,
.
V CI BD nn ( ) ( )
1
. 0 4 4 2 2 1 0
2
BD
CI u t t t t = + + = =
, ,
.
Do :
1 1 3 2
1; ; ,
2 2 2
I CI
| |
=
|
\ .
.
I l trung im ( ) 1; 2; 3 AC A .
Ta im ( ) 1 4 ;1 ; 1 B t t t + + vi
1
4
t > .
Ta c: IB IC = nn ( )
2 2
2
2
0
1 1 9
2 4 0
1 2 2 2
t
t t t t t
t
=
| | | |
+ + + + = =
| |
=
\ . \ .

.
Ta im ( ) 3; 0; 0 B . Suy ra: ( ) 1;1; 1 D .

Cu VIIb. iu kin:
3
0 1
2 1
log 1
x
y
x
< =

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227
t:
3
; log 2 os os
x
y c c = = vi | | , 0; e
( )( )
( ) ( )
2 2
sin os os
1 os . os os os
1 os 1 os 2
sin 1
1 .
1 os 1 os
1
2
c c
c
c
c c
c c c
c

+ =

+ =
+ =
+ =

( )
( )( )
( )
2
sin 1
sin 1
1 os 1 os 2
sin os os 0 *
c
c c
c

+ + =
=

+ =
=

t ; si ; 2 n os 2 c t t
(
e
=

. Suy ra:
2
sin o
2
s
1 t
c

= .
Phng trnh ( ) * thnh:
2
2
1
1
1 0 2 3
2 2
0
3 2 ;
t
t
t t t
t
=
= + =
(
e

=

Vi 1 t = tc
2
2 sin 0 1
4

| |
=
|
\ .
= = .
Khi :
3
0 2 1
1 log 1
x
x
y y
= =

= =

( khng tha mn iu kin ban u)
Vy h phng trnh cho v nghim.

36

Cu I (2,0 im).
Cho hm s: ( )
3 2
3 3 2 1 y x x m m x = + (1)
2. Tm cc gi tr ca m hm s (1) c hai cc tr cng du.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
3 3 2
tan ot cot 2 55 x c x x + + = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( ) ( )
4 4
2 2 2
1 1
2
2
1 1
3 3
2
y x
x y
y x x y
x y
2
+ = + +
, , x y eR
Cu III (1,0 im).
Tnh tch phn:
2
2
0
os2 cos 2
1 cos cos os
c x x
I dx
x x c x
+ +
=
+ +
}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh lng tr tam gic . ABC A B C ' ' ' c BB a ' = , gc gia ng thng BB' v mt
phng ( ) ABC bng
0
60 ; tam gic ABC vung ti C v
0
60 BAC = . Hnh chiu ca im
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228
B' ln mt phng ( ) ABC trng vi trng tm ca tam gic ABC . Tnh th tch khi t
din A ABC ' theo a .
Cu V (1,0 im).
Chng minh rng h phng trnh:
2
2
2012
1
2012
1
x
y
y
e
y
x
e
x
+ =
+ =
c ng hai nghim phn bit

( ) , x y tha mn 1, 1 x y > > .
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy , lp phng trnh ng trn ( ) C bit ( ) C c tm nm trn
ng thng : 2 3 0 x y A = v ct hai trc ta theo hai dy cung c di bng nhau
v bng 2.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz , cho mt phng ( ) : 2 2 12 0 P x y z = v hai im
( ) ( ) 1;1; 3 , 2;1; 4 A B . Tm tp hp tt c cc im ( ) C P e sao cho tam gic ABC c din
tch nh nht.
Cu VII a (1,0 im)
Chn ngu nhin ba s t tp
{ }
2
: 12 11 0 X x x x = e + s N . Tnh xc sut ba s c
chn ra c tng l mt s chn.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy , cho tam gic ABC c ( ) ( ) ( ) 1; 3 , 1;1 , 3; 0 A B C . Lp phng
trnh ng thng A bit A qua A v cng vi ng thng ' A cng qua A chia tam gic
ABC thnh ba phn c din tch bng nhau.
2.Trong khng gian Oxyz , cho ng thng ( )
3 2
: 1
3
x t
y t t
z t
= +
A = + e
= +
R v mt phng c
phng trnh ( ) : 2 5 0 x y z + + = . Gi A l giao im ca A v ( ) . Tm im
( ) , B C eA e sao cho 2 6 BA BC = = v
0
60 ABC = .
Cu VII b (1,0 im)
Tm m bt phng trnh:
( ) ( )
1
2
2
6 1 6 2 1
6
0
2012
x x
x
x m m
ex x
(
+ +
(

>
+
ng | | 0;1 x e .
BI GII
A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii
2. Ta c: ( ) ( )
2 2
3 6 3 2 3 2 2 y x x m m x x m m ' ( = + = +

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229
Hm s (1) c cc tr phng trnh 0 y' = c hai nghim phn
bit ( )
2
0 1 0 1 m m ' A > + > = .
0
2
x m
y
x m
=
' =

= +
.
Hm s (1) c hai cc tr cng du ( ) ( ) . 2 0 y m y m + >
( ) ( )( )
4
1 2 5 2 1 0 m m m + + > ( )( )
5 1
2 5 2 1 0
2 2
m m m + < < < .
Vy
5 1
2 2
m < < v 1 m = l nhng gi tr cn tm tha yu cu bi ton.

Cu II
1. iu kin: sin 2 0 ,
2
k x x k
= = eZ .
t
2
tan cot
sin 2
t x x
x
= + = ; 2 t > .
Suy ra:
3 3 3
tan cot 3 x x t t + = ;
2
2
2
1
cot 2 1 1
sin 2 4
t
x
x
= =
Phng trnh cho thnh:
( )( )
2
3 3 2 2
3 1 55 4 12 224 0 4 4 17 56 0 4
4
t
t t t t t t t t t + = + = + + = = .
Vi 4 t = ta c: ( )
2 2
2 1
6 12
4 sin 2
5 sin 2 2
2 2
6 1
5
2
x k x k
x k
x
x k x k

= + = +

= =

= + = +

eZ
2. iu kin , 0 x y = .
( )
( )
4 4 2 2
5
4 5 3 2
4 5 2 3 5
4 4 2 2
2
5 10
3
2 5 10
1
1 5 10
1
5 10
y x x y
x y
xy x x y
x
x y y x y
x y
x y x y
y
= + +

+ = = + +

= + +
=
= + +

5
5
5
3 1
3
2
1
3 1
2
x
x y
x y
y
+
=
+ =

=

=
( tha iu kin).
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim:
5 5
3 1 3 1
;
2 2
| |
+
|
|
\ .
.

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230
Cu III
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2
2 2
os2 cos 2 2cos cos 1 cos 1 cos os c x x x x x x c x + + = + + = +
Khi :
( )
2 2
2 2
2
0
0 0
1 cos cos os sin cos os 1
2
I x x c x dx x x x c xdx J

= + = + = +
} }
.
( )
2 2 2
2
0 0
cos os cos
sin cos
1 os 1 cos
x c x x
J xdx d x
c x x

= =
+
} }
.
t cos sin t x dt xdx = =
i cn: 0 1; 0
2
x t x t
= = = = .
Do :
0 1 1 1
2 2
1 0 0 0
2 1 1
1 1
2
t t t t
J dt dt dt dt
t t
t t t t
+
= = = =
+ +
+ +
} } } }
.
1
2 2
0
2 1 1
...
2 2
t
dt
t t t t
| |
+
= =
|
+ +
\ .
}
( )
2 ln 2 1 = +
Vy
( )
1 2 ln 2 1
2
I

= + + + .
Cu IV
Gi M l trung im ca AC v G l trng tm
tam gic ABC . Ta c ( ) B G ABC ' nn gc gia
ng thng BB' v mt phng ( ) ABC l
0
60 B BG ' = .
Tam gic B BG ' vung ti G
0
3
sin 60
2
a
B G BB ' ' = =
0
os60
2
a
BG BB c ' = =
Suy ra:
3 3
2 4
BM BG a = = .
Tam gic ABC vung ti C v
0
60 BAC = nn t AB x = th
3
,
2 2
x x
AC BC = = .
Tam gic BCM vung nn
2 2 2
BM BC CM = +
hay
2
2 2
3 3 3 13
4 2 4 13
x x
a x a
| |
| | | |
= + =
|
| |
|
\ . \ .
\ .
;
2 2
1 3 9 3
.
2 8 104
ABC
S CACB x a = = =
.

Vy
3
.
1 9
.
3 208
A ABC B ABC ABC
V V B G S a
' '
' = = =
.
.

B
C
A
B'
C'
A'
M
G
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231

Cu V
Vi 1, 1 x y > > h phng trnh cho lun xc nh.
H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( )
( )
2
2 2
2012 1
1
2
1 1
x
x y
y
e
y
x y
e e
x y

Xt hm s: ( )
2
, 1
1
t
t
f t e t
t
= >
.
Ta c: ( )
( )
( )
3
2
1
0 1
1
t
f t e t f t
t
' = + > >
ng bin trn ( ) 1; + .
M phng trnh ( ) 2 c dng ( ) ( ) f x f y = nn x y = .
Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh:
2
2012
1
x
x
e
x
+ =
(3)
Xt hm s: ( )
2
1
x
x
g x e
x
= +
vi ( ) 1; x e +
( )
( )
3
2
1
,
1
x
g x e
x
' =

( )
( )
( )
5
2
3
0 1
1
x
x
g x e x g x
x
'' ' = + > >
ng bin trn ( ) 1; + .
V ( ) ( )
1
lim , lim
x x
g x g x
+
+
' ' = = + phng trnh ( ) 0 g x ' = c ng mt nghim ( )
0
1; x e +

Da vo bng bin thin ta thy phng trnh ( ) 0 g x = c khng qu hai nghim phn bit
thuc khong ( ) 1; + .
M ( ) g x lin tc trn ( ) 1; + ng thi
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1
lim ; 2 2010 0; lim
x x
g x g e g x
+
+
= + = < = +.
V th phng trnh ( ) 0 g x = c ng hai nghim phn bit.
+
x
( ) g x '
( ) g x
1 + 0
x
0
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232
Vy h phng trnh cho c ng hai nghim phn bit ( ) , x y tha 1, 1 x y > > .
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a
1. Gi I l tm ca ng trn ( ) C .
( ) ; 2 3 I I t t eA
Gi s ( ) C ct cc trc , Ox Oy theo hai dy cung , AB CD. K , IH AB IK CD .
V AB CD = nn IH IK = .
Mt khc 2 AB = nn 1 AH = . Do :
2 2 2
1 IH IA AH R = = .
Do :
( )
( )
2
2
, 1
, 1
d I Ox R
d I Oy R
hay
2
2
2
2
3
3
2 3
10
1
1
1
1
2
t
t
t t
R
t
t
t R
t R
R
=
=

=
=

=

= =

=

=

Vy c hai ng trn ( ) C cn tm l: ( ) ( )
2 2
3 3 10 x y + = ; ( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 2 x y + + = .
2. T phng trnh mt phng ( ) P ta c: 2 2 12 y x z = nn ta im ( ) ; 2 2 ; C a a b b
Ta c: ( ) ( ) 1; 0;1 , 1; 2 2 13; 3 AB AC a a b v = =
, ,
.
Suy ra: ( ) , 2 2 13; 2;13 2 2 AB AC a b b a a b
(
= +

, ,

Do : ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 1 1
, 2 2 13 2 13 2 2
2 2
ABC
S AB AC a b b a a b
(
= = + + +

.
, ,

t t a b = th
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
2 2
50 578 578
4 2 13 2 13 2 9 100 342 30
3 9 9
ABC
S t t t t t t
| |
= + + + = + = + >
|
\ .
.

50
9
t = .
Do
17 2
min
6
ABC
S =
.
khi
50
9
t = . V th
50
9
b a = . Suy ra:
8 50
; ;
9 9
C a a
| |

|
\ .
.
Vy tp hp cc im C l ng thng c phng trnh: ( )
8
9
8
9
x t
y t
z t
= e
= +
R

Cu VIIa
Ta c: { }
2
12 11 0 1 11 1; 2;...;11 x x X x s s = + s .
S cch chn ngu nhin ba s trong 11 s l:
3
11
C
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233
S cch chn ba s c tng l s chn l :
3 1 2
5 5 6
C C C + .
Xc sut cn tm l:
3 1 2
5 5 6
3
11
17
33
C C C
C
+
= .
Cu VIb
1. Gi , M N l cc im thuc cnh BC sao cho , AM AN chia tam gic thnh ba phn c
din tch bng nhau. Khi do ba tam gic , , ABM AMN ANC c cng chiu cao nn
. BM MN NC = =
Suy ra:
1 2
,
3 3
BM BC BN BC = =
, , , ,

Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( ) 4; 1 , 1; 1 , 1; 1
M M N N
BC BM x y BN x y = = + = +
, , ,
.
+ T
1
3
BM BC =
, ,
th
4
1
1 2
3
;
1 3 3
1
3
M
M
x
M
y
+ =
| |
|
\ .
. Phng trnh : 7 2 1 0. AM x y =
+ T
2
3
BN BC =
, ,
th
8
1
5 1
3
;
2 3 3
1
3
N
N
x
N
y
+ =
| |
|
\ .
. Phng trnh : 4 7 0 AN x y + = .
Vy ng thng A cn tm l: 7 2 1 0; 4 7 0 x y x y = + = .
2. Gc gia A v ( ) l
0
30 . im ( ) 1; 0; 4 A .
Ta c ( ) 3 2 ; 1 ; 3 B t t t + + + v 6 AB = nn ( ) 3; 1; 3 B hoc ( ) 1;1; 5 B .
V 2 6 BA BC = = v
0
60 ABC = nn tam gic ABC vung ti C .
Suy ra:
0
30 BAC = , do C l hnh chiu ca im B trn mt phng ( ) .
T ta tm c hai im C tng ng vi hai im B trn l:
5 5
;0;
2 2
C
| |
|
\ .

hoc
1 11
; 0;
2 2
C
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu VIIb.
V 1 x = th bt phng trnh cho ng vi mi x nn ch cn tm m bt phng
trnh ng vi | ) 0;1 x e .
Xt hm s: ( )
1
6
x
f x x

= vi | | 0;1 x e
Ta c: ( ) | | ( )
1
1 6 ln6 0 0;1
x
f x x f x
' = + > e ng bin trn | | 0;1

( ) ( ) | | 1 0 0;1 f x f x s = e
( ) | | 0 0;1 f x x < e
Hn na | |
2
2012 0 0;1 x ex x + > e .
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234
Vy bi ton quy v tm m bt phng trnh: ( )
2
1 6 2 1 0
6
x
x
m m + + s vi | ) 0;1 x e
t 6
x
t = th | ) 1; 6 t e . Bt phng trnh thnh:
( )
| )
( )
2
2
1;6
2 2
1 2 1 0 min
2
t
t t
m t m m m g t
t t t
e
+
+ + s s s
+

Vi ( )
2
2
2
2
t t
g t
t t
+
=
+
, | ) 1; 6 t e
( )
( )
2
2
2
3 4 4
2
t t
g t
t t

' =
+
; ( )
2
0 3
2
t
g t
t
' =

=
.
Lp bng bin thin v da vo bng bin thin ta tm c:
| )
( )
1;6
1
min
2
t
g t
e
= .
Vy
1
2
m s tha mn yu cu bi ton.

37

2
1
x
y
x
+
=
(C).
2. Gi A l ng thng i qua ( ) 1; 0 A v c h s gc m. Tm m A ct ( ) C ti hai
im phn bit , M N thuc hai nhnh ca th sao cho 2 AM AN = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh: 5 os2 6 3sin 2 c x x = .
3 3 2 2
4 6 7 12 6 2 x x x x x + + + + >
Cu III (1,0 im) .
Tnh tch phn:
2
0
sin
1 sin 2
x
e x
I dx
x
=
+
}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp . S ABC c y l tam gic u cnh a , SA vung gc vi mt phng y,
gc gia mt phng ( ) SBC v mt phng ( ) ABC bng
0
60 . Gi , H K ln lt l hnh
chiu vung gc ca im A ln SB v SC , I l trung im BC . Tnh th tch khi t
din AIHK .
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho hm s ( ) : 0; f + R tha mn iu kin: ( )
4
4
1
tan 2 tan
tan
f x x
x
= +
0;
4
x
| |
e
|
\ .
.Chng minh rng: ( ) ( ) sin cos 196 0;
2
f x f x x
| |
+ > e
|
\ .
.
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235

B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hypebol ( )
2 2
2 2
: 1
3
x y
H
a a
= , nh A thuc nhnh phi ca
( ) H v tiu im
1
F thuc nhnh tri. Mt ng trn di ng i qua A v
1
F ct ( ) H ti
, , M N P khc A. Chng minh tam gic MNP l tam gic u.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A c trng tm ( ) 3; 6;1 G v
( ) 4; 8; 1 M l trung im ca BC . ng thng BC nm trong mt phng 2 2 14 0 x y z + + = .
Tm ta cc nh , , A B C .
Cu VII a (1,0 im).
Tm cc cn bc hai ca os2 sin 2 z c i + = .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho ng trn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 1 3 9 C x y + + = v hai im
( ) ( ) 1;1 , 2; 2 A B . Tm ta cc im , C D nm trn ng trn ( ) C sao cho ABCD l
hnh bnh hnh.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho hai ng thng:
1
3 3 3
:
2 2 1
x y z
d

= = ;
2
d l giao tuyn ca hai mt phng: 5 6 6 13 0 x y z + = v 6 6 7 0 x y z + = . Chng
minh rng
1
d v
2
d ct nhau. Gi I l giao im ca
1
d v
2
d . Tm ta cc im , A B
ln lt thuc
1 2
, d d sao cho tam gic IAB vung cn ti I v c din tch bng
41
42
.
Cu VII b (1,0 im).
Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
2012 2
2012 2
log 2 3 5 2012
log 2 3 5 2012
x
y
x x x y
y y y x
+ =
+ =

BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii.
2. ng thng A qua ( ) 1; 0 A vi h s gc m nn c phng trnh: ( ) 1 y m x =
Phng trnh hnh giao im ca ( ) C v A l:
( )
( ) ( )
2
1
2
1
2 1 2 0 1 1
x
x
m x
mx m x m x
=
+
=

+ + =

t 1 1 t x x t = = + . Phng trnh ( ) 1 thnh:
2
3 0 mt t = ( ) 2 .
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236
A ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit , M N thuc hai nhnh khc nhau ca ( ) C phng
trnh ( ) 1 phi c hai nghim
1 2
, x x tha
1 2
1 x x < < phng trnh ( ) 2 c hai nghim
1 2
, t t
tha
1 2 1 2
3
0 0 0 0 t t P t t m
m
< < = < < > .
V im A lun nm trong on MN v 2 AM AN = nn
1 2
2 2 3 AM AN x x = + =
, ,
( ) 3
( )
( )
1 2
1 2
2 1
4
2
5
m
x x
m
m
x x
m
+
+ =

T (3) v (4) ta thu c:
1 2
2 1
,
m m
x x
m m
+
= = . Thay vo (5) ta c:
( )( )
2
2 1 2 2
3 2 0
3
m m m
m m
m m
+
= = = ( tha iu kin 0 m > ).
Cu II
2
sin 2 3 3sin 2 x x + = .
t
sin
3sin 2
u x
v x
=
; iu kin: 1, 0 1
2
3
u v s s s s
Ta c h phng trnh sau:
( )( )
2 2
2
2 3 2 3
3 0 2 3
u v u v
u v u v v u
+ = + =

+ + = + =

V
2
3 3 0
3
u v + + > + > nn u v = . Do :
2
1
3 2 0
2
u
u u
u
=
+ =

=

Loi nghim 2 u = . Vi 1 u = th ( ) sin 1 2
2
k x x k
= = + eZ .
Vy phng trnh cho c mt h nghim: ( ) 2
2
x k k
= + eZ .
2. iu kin:
3
2
x > .
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 3
2 2 2
3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 x x x x x x x
(
+ + + + >
(

t
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
3 3 2 3 2
3
4 6 2 , 7 12 6 2 7 12 6 2 A x x B x x x x x x x x = + + + = + + + + + + + + + + (*)
Th th
3
2
x > ta c: 0 , 0 A B > >
Khi ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 3 3
2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
* 2
x x x x x x
x
A B
+ + + +
+ >
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237

( )
2 2
1 1
2 1 0 2 0 2 2 x
B
x x
A
| |
+ + > >
|
s
.
s
\
( tha iu kin
3
2
x > )
Vy tp hp nghim ca bt phng trnh cho l: 2; 2 S
(
=

.
Cu III
Cch 1:
Ta c:
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
sin cos cos sin sin 1
1 sin 2 2 2 sin cos
sin os
x x x x
e x x e x x e x e
dx dx d
x x x
x c x
| | +
= =
|
|
+ +
+
\ .

Nn
( )
2 2
0
1
2 sin cos 2
x
e e
I
x x

= =
+
.
Cch 2:
t
2
0
cos
1 sin 2
x
e x
J dx
x
=
+
}
.
Khi :
2
0
sin cos
x
e
I J dx
x x
+ =
+
}

( )
( )
( )
2 2 2
2
2
2
0 0 0 0
sin os
1
1
sin os sin cos sin os
sin os
x x x
x
e x c x
e e
I J dx e d dx e I J
x c x x x x c x
x c x

| |
= = = = +
|
+ + +
\ . +
} } }
Suy ra:
2
1
2
e
I
= .
Cu IV
Ta c:
0
3
60
2
a
SAI SA = =
2 3
.
1 3 3 3
. .
3 2 2 8
S ABC
a a a
V = = .
Cc t s th tch ca hnh chp tam gic:
2 2
4
.
2 4
.
. 81
169
S AHK
S ABC
V SH SH SB SA
V SB SB SB
| | | |
= = = =
| |
\ . \ .
.
2
.
2 2
.AS
. 1 2
. .
2 2 13
B AHI
B C
V BH BI BH BS AB
V BS BC BS BS
= = = = .
Do :
3 3
. .
36 3 9 3
2 .
169 8 338
AIHK S ABC S AHK BAHI
a a
V V V V = = = .
Cu V
t tan 2 t x = , ta c:
2
2 2 2
2t 2 1 4 1
tan tan 2
1 tan tan tan
an
t x x
x t x t x
= = = +
.
A
B
C
S
H
K
I
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238
T :
2 2
2 4
2 2 4 4 2
4 1 1 16 16
2 tan tan 2
tan tan
x x
t x x t t
| | | |
+ = + + = + +
| |
\ . \ .
.
Lc : ( )
4 2
16 16
2 f t
t t
= + + vi tan 2 , x 0;
4
t x
| |
= e
|
\ .
.
Khi 0;
4
x
| |
e
|
\ .
th ( ) tan 2 0; t x = e + v lin tc trn min nn ta c: ( ) ( )
4 2
16 16
2 0; f t t
t t
= + + e + .
Bt u t y ta c: ( ) ( )
4 2 4 2
16 16 16 16
sin cos 2 2
sin sin cos cos
f x f x
x x x x
+ = + + + + +

4 4 2 2
1 1 1 1
16 16 4
sin cos sin cos x x x x
| | | |
= + + + +
| |
\ . \ .
.
p dng bt ng thc Cauchy, ta c:
4 4 2 2 2
1 1 2 8
8 x 0;
sin cos sin cos sin 2 2 x x x x x
| |
+ > = > e
|
\ .
.
2 2
1 1 2 4
4 x 0;
sin cos sin cos sin 2 2 x x x x x
| |
+ > = > e
|
\ .
.
Cui cng ta thu c: ( ) ( ) sin cos 196 x 0;
2
f x f x
| |
+ > e
|
\ .
.
Du bng xy ra khi v ch khi
4
x

= .
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VIa
1. Ta c: ( ) ( )
1
; 0 , 2 ; 0 A a F a .
Tm ca ng trn ( ) C lun i qua A v
1
F l: ;
2
a
I m
| |
|
\ .
.
ng trn ( )
2 2 2
: 2 2 0 C x y ax my a + + = .
Ta cc im , , , A M N P tha mn h phng trnh:
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2 0
1
3
x y ax my a
x y
a a
+ + =
.
Suy ra honh cc im , , M N P tha mn:
( )
3 2 2 2 2 2
16 24 3 5 4 12 25 0 x ax a m x am a + + = .
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239
Ta c:
2
M N P I
a
x x x x + + = = ; ( )
2
2 6
M N P
m y y y m + + = .
Do : G I hay MNP l tam gic u.
2. Gi ( )
0 0 0
; ; A x y z . Ta c: ( ) ( )
0 0 0
3; 6; 1 , 1; 2; 2 GA x y z MG = =
, ,

V 2 GA MG =
, ,
nn ( )
0
0
0
3 2
6 4 1; 2;5
1 4
x
y A
z
=
.
B thuc mt phng 2 2 14 0 x y z + + = nn ( ) ;14 2 2 ; B a a b b .
Suy ra: ( ) ( ) 4;6 2 2 ; 1 , 3; 6;6 MB a a b b MA = + =
, ,
.
Tam gic ABC vung ti A nn
MA MB
MA MB

hay
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
3 4 6 6 2 2 6 1 0
. 0
4 6 2 2 1 81
a a b b
MAMB
MA MB a a b b
+ + =

= + + + =

, ,

Gii h phng trnh ny ta c
2 10
;
2 4
a a
b b
= =

= =

.
Vy ( ) ( ) 2;14; 2 , 10; 2; 4 B C hoc ( ) ( ) 10; 2; 4 , 2;14; 2 B C .
Cu VIIa
Vi mi eR ta c: ( ) ( )
2
2 2
os sin os sin 2sin os os2 sin 2 c i c c i c i + = + = + .
Vy cc cn bc hai ca s phc z cho l: ( ) os sin c i + .
Cu VIb
Ta c: ( ) 3; 3 AB =
,
. Php tnh tin theo AB
,
bin D thnh C , bin ( ) C thnh ( ) C' c
tm ( ) 4; 6 I ' , bn knh 3 R R ' = = .
Phng trnh ng trn ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
: 4 6 9 C x y ' + + = .
Ta im C l nghim ca h phng trnh:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
1 3 9
4 6 9
x y
x y
+ + =
+ + =
.
Gii h phng trnh ny ta tm c nghim:
4 1
;
3 6
x x
y y
= =

= =

.
Suy ra cc im C l: ( ) ( ) 4; 3 , 1; 6 C C .
+ Vi ( ) 4; 3 C th t DC AB =
, ,
suy ra ( ) 1; 0 D .
+ Vi ( ) 1; 6 C th t DC AB =
, ,
suy ra ( ) 2; 3 D .
Vy cc cp im cn tm l: ( ) ( ) 4; 3 , 1; 0 C D hoc ( ) ( ) 1; 6 , 2; 3 C D .
2. Ta giao im I nu c l nghim ca h phng trnh:
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240
( )
3 3 3
1
2 2 1
5 6 6 13 0 1 1;1; 2
6 6 7 0 2
x y z
x
x y z y I
x y z z

= =

+ = =

+ = =
.
Vy
1
d ct
2
d ti ( ) 1;1; 2 I .
Vecto ch phng ca
1
d l: ( )
1
2; 2;1 u =
,

Vecto ch phng ca
Vecto ch phng ca
2
d t l vi tch c hng
1 2
, n n
(

, ,
vi ( ) ( )
1 2
5; 6; 6 , 1; 6; 6 n n = =
, ,
ln
lt l vecto php tuyn ca hai mt phng cho trong ton.
( )
1 2
, 72; 36; 24 n n
(
=

, ,
chn ( )
2 1 2
1
, 6;3; 2
12
u u u
(
= =

, , ,
.
Gi l gc gia
1
d v
2
d
( )
0 0
0 90 s s .
Ta c:
1 2
1 2
.
2.6 2.3 1.2 20 41
os sin
21 21 9 49
u u
c
u u

+ +
= = = =
, ,
, , .
Gi S l din tch tam gic AIB , ta c:
2 2
1 1 41 41 41
sin . 1
2 2 21 42 42
S IAIB IA IA IA IB = = = = = = .
( )
1
2 1; 2 1; 2 A d A a a a e + + + ; ( )
2
6 1; 3 1; 2 2 d B b b b Be + + + .
Ta c:
1
3 1
1
3
1 1 7 1
7
a
a
IA
IB b
b
=
=
=

= =

=
.
Vy c bn cp im , A B tha mn yu cu bi ton l:
5 5 7
; ;
3 3 3
13 10 16
; ;
7 7 7
A
B
| |
|
\ .
| |
\ .
;
5 5 7
; ;
3 3 3
1 4 12
; ;
7 7 7
A
B
| |
|
\ .
| |
\ .
;
1 1 5
; ;
3 3 3
13 10 16
; ;
7 7 7
A
B
| |
|
\ .
| |
\ .
;
1 1 5
; ;
3 3 3
1 4 12
; ;
7 7 7
A
B
| |
|
\ .
| |
\ .

Cu VIIb
iu kin:
2012 2
2012 2
0 1
0 1
2 3 5 0
2 3 5 0
x
y
x x x y
y y y x
< =
< =
+ >
+ >

2012 2 2012 2
2012 2 2012 2
2 3 5 2 3 5 0
2 3 5 2 3 5 0
x x x y x x x y
y y y x y y y x
+ = =

+ = =

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241
Tr v theo v ca hai phng trnh ta c:
( ) ( ) ( )( )
2 2
2 2 0 2 1 0
1
y x
x y x y x y x y
y x
=
+ = + + =

=

+ Vi y x = thay vo phng trnh th nht ca h ta c:
2
0
2 8 0
4
x
x x
x
=
=

=

Loi 0 x = . Vi 4 4 x y = = . Do nghim ( ) 4; 4 tha iu kin trn.
+ Vi 1 y x = vo phng trnh th nht ca h ta c:
( )
2 2
2 3 5 1 0 2 2 5 0 x x x x x = + + = ( phng trnh v nghim).
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht l: ( ) 4; 4 .

38

2 3 mx
y
x m
+
=
(
m
C ).
2. Gi I l giao im hai tim cn. Tm m tip tuyn bt k ca hm s ct hai tim
cn ti , A B sao cho din tch tam gic IAB bng 42 .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh:
8
8cot tan 8sin
3
x x x
| |
=
|
\ .
.
2. Gii h phng trnh:
( )( )
2 2
2 2
7
2 1 2 1
2
7 6 14 0
x y xy
x y xy x y
+ + + =
, , x y eR.
2
3
6
tan t an
tan tan
x x x x
I dx
x x x x
(
+ | | | |
= +
(
| |

\ . \ .
(

}

Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp u . S ABC c cc cnh y bng a , ng cao hnh chp l 3 a . Mt
phng ( ) P qua cnh y BC v vung gc vi cnh bn SA. Hi mt phng ( ) P chia
hnh chp thnh 2 phn c t s th tch l bao nhiu?
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , 0 x y > . Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
( ) ( )
2 2
4 2 2 4
7 7 x x y y y x
A
x y x y
+ + +
=
+
.
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
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242
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho ng thng : 2 4 0 d x y + = v im B chy trn d . Trn
tia OB ly im A tha mn . 1 OAOB = . Hy tm tp hp cc im A.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im ( ) 4; 3; 2 M v hai ng thng:
1
2 3 1
:
1 2 2
x y z
d
+
= =

;
2
2 1 2
:
1 2 1
x y z
d
+
= =
.
Vit phng trnh ng thng d qua M ct
1 2
, d d ln lt ti , A B sao cho 2 MA MB = .
Cu VII a (1,0 im).
Cho cc s phc ( ) , 0 p q q = . Chng minh rng cc nghim ca phng trnh
2 2
0 z pz q + + = c mun bng nhau th
p
q
l s thc.
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
Trong mt phng Oxy, cho hai ng thng
1 2
: 2 2 0, : 2 1 0 d x y d x y + = + = . Gi
, , A B C ln lt l hnh chiu vung gc ca im
5 12
;
13 13
M
| |
|
\ .
xung
1 2
, d d v Ox .
Chng minh ba im , , A B C thng hng.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho ng thng
2
: 2 3
3 2
x t
d y t
z t
= +
= +
v mt cu
( )
2 2 2
: 4 4 8 1 0 S x y z x y z + + + = . Chng minh rng d ct ( ) S ti hai im phn bit
, A B. Khi hy vit phng trnh mt phng ( ) i qua , A B v ct mt cu ( ) S theo
giao tuyn l mt ng trn ln nht.
Cu VII b (1,0 im). Gii h phng trnh:
( )
2
9
2 4
4 log 4
log 3 1 log 3
2 3 10
x y
x y
+ =
+ =
.
.

BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii.
2. Tim cn ng: x m = ; tim cn ngang: 2 y m = .
Ta giao im ca hai tim cn l: ( ) ; 2 I m m .
Gi
0
0 0
0
2 3
; ,
mx
M x x m
x m
| | +
=
|
\ .
l im bt k thuc ( )
m
C .
Phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s ti im ny l:
( )
( )
2
0
0 2
0
0
2 3 2 3 mx m
y x x
x m
x m
+ +
= +

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243
Tip tuyn ny ct tim cn ng ti
2
0
0
2 2 6
;
mx m
A m
x m
| | + +
|
\ .

v ct tim cn ngang ti ( )
0
2 ; 2 B x m m .
Ta c:
2
0
0
4 6
, 2
m
IA IB x m
x m
+
= =
.
Nh vy
2
1
. 4 6
2
IAB
S IA IB m = = +
.
.
Theo ta c: 42
IAB
S =
.
nn
2
4 6 42 3 m m + = .
Cu II
1. iu kin ( ) sin 2 0
2
x x k k
= = eZ .
2 2
3cos sin 3cos sin 2
8sin 2 8sin
sin os 3 sin os 3
x x x x
x x
x c x xc x

2 | | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

( )( ) ( )
3 cos sin 3 os sin 2sin 2 3 os sin x x c x x x c x x + = +
( )
3
tan 3
3 cos sin 0
2
3 sin 2 sin
3 cos sin 2sin 2
3
4 2
9 3
x k
x
x x
x k k
x x
x x x
x k
= +
+ =

= +
| |

=
= |

\ .
= +
eZ
i chiu vi iu kin ta thu c: ( )
3

4 2
9 3
x k
k
x k
= +
= +
eZ .
2. Nhn xt: 0 xy = khng tha h phng trnh.
Vi 0 xy = , h phng trnh c vit li nh sau:
2 2
1 1 7
2 2
2
7 6 14 0
x y
x y
x y xy x y
| |
| |
=
| |
\ . \ .
+ + + =
.
iu kin phng trnh:
( )
2 2 2 2
7 6 14 0 7 6 14 0 x y xy x y x y x y y + + + = + + + = theo n x c nghim l:
( )
2
2
1
7
7 4 24 56 0 1
3
y y y y A = + > s s .
iu kin phng trnh:
( )
2 2 2 2
7 6 14 0 6 7 14 0 x y xy x y y x y x x + + + = + + + = theo n y c nghim l:
( )
2
2
2
10
6 4 28 56 0 2
3
x x x x A = + > s s .
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244
Xt hm s: ( ) ( )
1
2 , 0; f t t t
t
= e +
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1
2 0 0; f t t f t
t
' = + > e + ng bin trn ( ) 0; + .
Do : ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
7
2 . 1
2
f x f y f f > = hay
1 1 7
2 2
2
x y
x y
| |
| |
>
| |
\ .
\ .
.
2
1
x
y
=
.
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim l: ( ) 2;1 .
Cu III
Ta c:
( )
( )
2
3 3
2
6 6
tan
tan
tan
tan
x d x x
x x
I dx
x x
x x

+
= +
} }

2 3 3
3
6
6 6
2
2 1
tan tan tan
x x x
dx dx
x x x x x x

| |
= +
|

\ .
} }
( tch phn tng phn).
=
2
3
6
tan 3
3
3 3 6
x
x
x x

| |
=
|
\

.
.
Cu IV
V . S ABC l hnh chp u nn chn ng
cao H ca chp l tm ca tam gic u ABC .
Ta c AH ct BC ti trung im M ca BC v
BC SA .
H ( ) BN SA SA BCN BCN . l thit
din cn tm.
V SAH MAN . ~. nn
2
2
3 3
.
. 3
3 2
10
20
3
a a
AN AH AM
SA SA
a
= = = .
Ta c:
ANBC
SNBC
V AN
V SN
= nn suy ra t s th tch l:
3
17
hoc
17
3
.
Cu V
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 3
2 3
3
7 7 7 4 4 x x y y y x x y xy x y x y xy x xy x y y + + + = + + + = + + + > +
( )
( )
2
2 2
4 2 2 4 2 2
2
2 .
2 2 2 2 2
xy x y xy xy x y xy
x y x y xy x y
+ + +
+ = + s =
Suy ra: 8 2 A > .
A
B
S
C
M
H
N
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245
Du "=" xy ra khi v ch khi x y = .
Vy min 8 2 A = .
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu Via
1. ( ) 2 4; B d B b b e + ; gi s ( ) ; A x y
( )
2 2
0 x y + > .
D thy:
2 2
. . 1 . OAOB OAOB OA OB = = =
, ,
. T ta c h :
( )
( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
2 4 1
2 4 1
x b yb
b b x y
+ + =
(
+ + + =

p dng bt ng thc Bunhiacopxki ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
2 4 2 4 1 2 1 4 x b yb x y b b x b yb
(
+ + s + + + = + + (

s .
Du "=" xy ra khi v ch khi ( )
2 4 4
2 4
2
b b y
bx b y b
x y x y
+
= = + =
+
.
Thay vo ( ) 2 4 1 x b yb + + = ta c:
2 2 2 2
1 1
4 4 2 0 0
4 2
x y x y x y x y + = + = .
Vy tp hp cc im A l ng trn
1 1
;
8 4
I
| |
|
\ .
, bn knh
5
8
R = .
2.
( )
1
2 ; 3 2 ; 1 2 A d A a a a e + , ( )
2
2 ; 1 2 ; 2 d b B B b b e + + .
Ta c: ( ) ( ) 2 ; 2 ;1 2 , 2 ; 4 2 ; 4 MA a a a MB b b b = + = + +
, ,

Theo 2 MA MB = nn
3
1
2
2
5
2
1
2
a
b
MA MB
a
MA MB
b
=

= =

, ,
, ,

Vy ta tm c phng trnh ng thng d l:
4 3 2 4 3 2
;
5 6 7 3 10 9
x y z x y z + +
= = = =

Cu VIIa
Cch 1:
Gi
1 2
, z z l hai nghim ca phng trnh:
2 2
0 z pz q + + = .
2
1 2
z z q = .
t
2
1 2
. k z z q q k = = = v
2
1 1
. z z k = .
Mt khc do 0 q = nn
1
0 z = v
2 2 1
1 1
1
9
0
z p
z pz q
q q z
+ + = = + .
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246
t
p
w
q
= th
2
1 1 1
2
1 1 1
.
.
z q z z q k q
w w
q z k q z z q
= + = + = + = . Do weR.
Cch 2:
Gi
1 2
, z a bi z c di = + = + l hai nghim ca phng trnh
2 2
0 z pz q + + = .
1 2
2
1 2
z z p
z z q
+ =

Suy ra:
( )
2
2 2 2
1 2
1 2
2
1 2 1 2
2
z z
z z p
q z z z z
+
+
= = + .
Do
2 2 2 2
1 2
z z a b c d k = = + = + = nn
( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 2 1
1 2
2
2 2
ac bd z z z z z z
z z k k
+ + +
+ = = + .
Ta c:
( )( )
( )
2 2 2 2
2
2
ac bd
ac bd a b c d k
k
+
+ s + + = > .
Do :
2
2
0
p p
m m
q q
= > = l s thc.
Cu VIb
1.
ng thng
1 2
, d d ln lt c cc vecto ch phng l: ( )
1
1; 2 u =
,
, ( )
2
2;1 u =
,
.
Gi s ( )
1
; 2 2 A a a d e ; ( )
2
2 1; B b b d e .
Suy ra :
5 36
; 2
13 13
MA a a
| |
=
|
\ .
,
;
18 12
2 ;
13 13
MB b b
| |
= +
|
\ .
,

Ta c:
1
81 81 32
. 0 ;
65 65 65
MAu a A
| |
= =
|
\ .
, ,

2
24 17 24
. 0 ;
65 65 65
MBu b B
| |
= =
|
\ .
, ,

Mt khc:
5
; 0
13
C
| |
|
\ .
nn
56 32
;
65 65
AC
| |
=
|
\ .
,
;
42 24
;
65 65
BC
| |
=
|
\ .
,
. Suy ra:
3
4
BC AC =
, ,
.
Vy ba im , , A B C thng hng.
2. Mt cu ( ) S c tm ( ) 2; 2; 4 I , bn knh 5 R = .
ng thng d i qua ( ) 2; 2; 3 M v c vecto ch phng ( ) 1;3; 2 u =
,
.
Ta c: ( ) ( ) 0; 4; 7 , , 13; 7; 4 IM u IM
(
= =

, , ,
.
Suy ra: ( )
, I
117
, 5
7
u M
d I d R
u
(

= = < =
, ,
, .
Do d lun ct ( ) S ti hai im , A B phn bit.
Mt phng ( ) tha yu cu bi ton chnh l mt phng i qua ( ) 2; 2; 4 I v cha d .
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247
Suy ra ( ) nhn ( ) , 13; 7;14 n u IM
(
= =

, , ,
lm vecto php tuyn.
Vy phng trnh mt phng ( ) l:
( ) ( ) ( ) 13 2 7 2 4 3 0 13 7 4 24 0 x y z x y z + + + = =
Cu VIIb
iu kin:
2
1
, 0
3
0 , 4 x y x y > > > .
T phng trnh th nht ca h ta c: ( )
2 2
log 3 1 3 log 3 1 8 x y x y + = + + = (*)
T phng trnh th hai ca h ta c:
2 2
4 4 2 2
2 2 10 2 8 4 3 4 9
x y x y
x y y x

+ = = = = (**)
Thay (**) vo (*) ta c:
( )
2 2 2
5
3 9 16 9 7 6 145 0
19
7
x
x x x x
x
=
= =

=

Loi nghim:
19
7
x = . Vi 5 x = suy ra 4 y = .
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim l: ( ) 5; 4 .

39

3
3 y x x = + (C).
29. Tm trn th ( ) C c bao nhiu b im , , , A B C D sao cho t gic ABCD l hnh
vung tm O.
Cu II (2,0 im)
5. Tm nghim nguyn dng ca phng trnh:
( )
2
sin 3 9 16 80 0
4
x x x
(
=
(

.
6. Gii h phng trnh:
( )
( )
2 2
1 2
2
1 1 3 1
y x
x y x
y x x
+ = +
+ = +
( ) , x y eR .
Cu III (1,0 im) .
Tnh tch phn:
{ }
2
0
min 3 , 4
x
I x dx =
}
.

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248
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh chp . S ABC , gi G l trng tm tam gic SBC . Mt phng quay quanh AG ct
cnh , SB SC theo th t ti , M N . Gi
1
V l th tch t din SAMN ; V l th tch t din
SABC . Tm gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca t s
1
2
V
V
.
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho
2
,
5
, a b c > v 3 a b c + + = . Chng minh rng:
2 2 2
26 5 26 5 26 5
9
5 2 5 2 5 2
a b c
a b c

+ + >
+ + +
.
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho ng thng : 2 0 x y A + + = v ng trn
( )
2 2
: 4 2 0 C x y x y + = . Gi I l tm ca ( ) C , M l im thuc A. Qua M k cc
tip tuyn , MA MB n ( ) C ( A v B l cc tip im). Tm ta im M bit t gic
MAIB c din tch bng 10.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho ba im ( ) ( ) ( ) 2; 0; 0 , 0; 4; 0 , 0; 0; 4 A C S . Tm ta im
B thuc mt phng Oxy sao cho t gic OABC l hnh ch nht. Vit phng trnh mt
cu ( ) S i qua bn im , , , O B C S . Tm ta
1
A i xng vi A qua SC .
Cu VII a (1,0 im).
Cho s phc z tha mn 1 z = . Chng minh:
3 2
1 1 1 5 z z z s + + + + s .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, hy vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip ( ) E bit rng ( ) E c
tm sai bng
5
3
v hnh ch nht c s ca ( ) E c chu vi bng 20.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho mt cu ( )
2 2 2
: 10 2 6 10 0 S x y z x y z + + + = v
mt phng ( ) : 2 2 5 0 P x y z + + + = . T mt im M trn mt mt phng ( ) P k mt ng
thng A tip xc vi mt cu ( ) S ti N . Tm v tr im M 11 MN = .
Cu VII b (1,0 im).
Gii bt phng trnh:
( ) ( )
2011 2012
log 2010 log 2011 2
x x
e + + + s .
BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii.
2. Gi s
( ) ( ) ( )
3 3
; 3 , ; 3 A a a a B C b b b + + e , , 0, b a b a > = .
ABCD l hnh vung tm ( )
. 0
0;0
OA OB
OAOB
O
OA OB
OA OB
=

=
=

, ,

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249
( )( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2 3 2 3
3 3 0
3 3
ab ab a b
a a a b b b
+ =

+ = +
(I )
Bin i v rt gn ( ) I ta c:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2
3 10 0 1
0
3 1 0 2
a b a b
a b
a b a b
+ + =
+ =
+ + =

Trng hp 1: Vi 0 a b + = thay vo ( ) 1 ta c:
4 2
6 10 0 a a + = ( V nghim)
Trng hp 2: t
2 2 2 2
, A a b B a b = + = .
Khi h (1) v (2) tr thnh:
( )
2
2
3 10 0
3 10
9 20 0 3 1 0
B A
B A
A A A B
+ = =

+ = + =

Gii h phng trnh ny ta c:
4
2
5
5
A
B
A
B
=

=

+ Vi
4
2
A
B
=
ta c:
2 2
2 2
4 2 2
2
2 2
a b a
a b
b
+ = =

=
= +
hoc
2 2
2 2
a
b
= +

+ Vi
5
5
A
B
=
ta c:
2 2
2 2
5 5
5
2
5
5 5
2
a
a b
a b
b

=
+ =

+
=
hoc
5 5
2
5 5
2
a
b
+
=

Vai tr ca , A B nh nhau nn trn ( ) C c hai b bn im , , , A B C D ABCD l
hnh vung tm ( ) 0;0 O .
Cu II
1. iu kin:
2
9 16 80 0 4 x x x > > .
( )
( )
2
3 90 16 80
4
x x x k k
= eZ
2 2
3 9 16 80 4 9 16 80 3 4 x x x k x x x k = =
( )
2
2
2
10
9 16 80 3 4
3
4
4
3
3
2
x
x
k
x x x k x
k
k
k

2 +

= =

>
>
.
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250
Yu cu bi ton tng ng vi
2
2
2
4
3
2 10
3 2
2 10
3 2
2
4
10
3 2
k
k
k
x
k
k
k
k +
+
=

>
+

>
Z

Ta c:
2 2
2 2
2 10 6 8 30
2
3 2 3 2
3
4
0
3
3
4
2 10 2 12 18
3 2 3
0
2
k k k
k k
k
k k k
x
k k
k + + +

<

+ +

=

> >
s
> >
.
V k eZ nn { } 1, 2, 3 k e .
Vi 1 k = suy ra
2
2 10
12
3 2
k
k
+
=
eZ
Vi 2 k = suy ra:
2
2 10
2
9
3
9
2 2
k
k
+
=
e
Vi 3 k = suy ra:
2
2 10
4
3 2
k
k
+
= e
Z
Kt hp vi iu kin ta c: 4, 12 x x = = l nhng gi tr cn tm.
2. iu kin: , 0 0 x y > = .
Phng trnh th nht ca h tng ng vi:
( )
2
1 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 0
y x
y x xy x x xy y x x y x x
x y x
+ = + + = + + =
Xem y l mt phng trnh bc hai theo bin y, ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 8 2 0
x
x x x x x x A = + = + > .
Do phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit l:
2
y x
y x
.
+ Vi y x = , thay vo phng trnh th hai ca h ta c:
( )
( )
2 2
1 1 3 1 x x x + = +
R rng:
( )
( )
2 2
1 1 0 3 1 x x x + < < + nn phng trnh ny v nghim.
+ Vi 2 y x = , thay vo phng trnh th hai ca h ta c:
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2
2
2 1 1 3 1 1 2 3 0 1 *
2 3
x
x x x x x x
x
+ = + + = + =

( D thy
3
2
x = khng tha mn ng thc nn ch xt
3
2
x = v php bin i trn l
ph hp).
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251
Xt hm s: ( )
2
1, 0 f x x x = + > v ( )
2
, 0
2 3
x
g x x
x
= >
.
Ta c: ( )
2
0
1
x
f x
x
= >
+
nn hm s ng bin , ( )
( )
2
2 3
0
2 3
g x
x
' = <
nn hm s
nghch bin.
Suy ra phng trnh ( ) * c khng qu mt nghim.
3 x = l mt nghim nn y cng chnh l nghim duy nht ca ( ) * .
Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht l:
( )
3; 2 3 .
Cu III
R rng:
| | | | 3 4 0;1 , 3 4 1; 2
x x
x x x x < e > e .
Do :
{ } ( )
2 1
2 1 2 2
0 0 1 0 1
3 2 5
min 3 , 4 3 4 4
ln3 2 ln3 2
x
x x
x
I x dx dx x dx x
| |
= = + = + = +
|
\ .
} } }
.
Cu IV
Gi E l trung im BC .
t ,
SM SN
x y
SB SC
= = ( ) 0 , 1 x y s s .
Ta c:
1
.
.
V SM SN
xy
V SB SC
= = .
2 2
SMN SMG SNG SMG SNG
SBC SBC SBE SCE
S S S S S
S S S S
A
A A
+
= = +
. . . .
. .

( )
. . 1
2 . 2 . 3
SM SG SN SG
x y
SB SE SC SE
= + = + (1)
Li c:
.
.
SMN
SBC
S SM SN
xy
S SASB
= =
.
.
(2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra: ( ) ( )
1
3
1
1 .
3 3 1 3
x
xy x y x y x y x
x
| |
= + = =

\
=
|
.

Vy ( )
2
1
3 1
V x
xy f x
V x
= = =
.
T
0
1
1
,
3 2
1
x
x y x
x y
y
s
s s
+
s
.
Xt hm s: ( )
2
1
;1
2
,
3 1
x
f x x
x
(
e
(

G
A
B
C
S
E
M
N
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252
( )
( )
2
2
3 2
3 1
x x
f x
x
' =
; ( )
2
0
0 3 2 0
2
3
x
f x x x
x
=
' = =

=

( )
1 1
1
2 2
f f
| |
= =
|
\ .
;
2 4
3 9
f
| |
=
|
\ .

Do : ( )
1
;1
2
1
ax
2
x
m f x
(
e
(

= khi
1
2
x = hoc 1 x = ; ( )
1
;1
2
4
min
9
x
f x
(
e
(

= khi
2
3
x = .
Vy
1
4
min
9
V
V
= ;
1
1
ax
2
V
m
V
= .
Cu V
Xt hm s:
2
26 5
5 2
x
y
x
=
+
. Ta c:
( )
2
2
2
25 260 10
5 2
x x
y
x

' =
+
nn ( ) 1 5 y' = .
Suy ra tip tuyn ti im c honh 1 x = l 5 8 y x = + .
Ta chng minh vi
2
;3
5
x
(
e
(

th
2
26 5
5 8
5 2
x
x
x
> +
+
(*)
Quy ng v rt gn ta c: ( ) ( )
2
3 2
5 8 2 0 2 5 1 0 x x x x x + + > + > .
p dng bt ng thc ( ) * cho cc s
2
, , ;3
5
a b c
(
e
(

ta c:
2
26 5
5 8
5 2
a
a
a
> +
+
;
2
26 5
5 8
5 2
b
b
b
> +
+
;
2
26 5
5 8
5 2
c
c
c
> +
+

Cng v theo v ta c: ( )
2 2 2
26 5 26 5 26 5
5 24 9
5 2 5 2 5 2
a b c
a b c
a b c

+ + > + + + =
+ + +
.
Du "=" xy ra khi v ch khi 1 a b c = = = .
Vy bt ng thc c chng minh.
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VIa
1. Ta c: 10 5 2 5
MAIB MAI
S S AM = = =
.
v
2 2 2
25 MI IA AM = + = (*)
( ) ; 2 M m m M eA v ( ) 2 ; 3 MI m m = +
,
.
Khi : ( )
( )
( )
2 2 2
2 2; 4
* 4 4 6 9 25 6 0
3 3;1
m M
m m m m m m
m M
=
+ + + + = + =

=

2.
B mp e Oxy ( ) ; B a b .
T gic OABC l hnh ch nht ( ) 2; 4; 0 OC AB B =
, ,
.
V , O C cng nhn SB di mt gc vung nn trung im ( ) 1; 2; 2 I ca SB l tm mt
cu i qua bn im , , , O B S C v bn knh
1
3
2
R SB = = .
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253
Vy phng trnh mt cu cn tm l: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 2 2 9 x y z + + = .
Phng trnh tham s ca
0
: 4 4
4
x
SC y t
z t
=
.
Gi H l hnh chiu ca A ln ( ) ( ) 0; 4 4 ; 4 2; 4 4 ; 4 SC H t t AH t t =
,
.
V AH SC nn ( )
1
. 0 0; 2; 2
2
AH SC t H = =
, ,
.
Do H l trung im
1
AA nn ( )
1
2; 4; 4 A .
Cu VIIa
Ta c:
3 2
3 2
1 1 1 1 5 z z z z z z + + + + s + + + + = .
Do 1 z = nn: 1 1 2 z z s + = v
3 3 3
1
1 0 1 1
2
z z z + > + > + .
Suy ra:
3
3 2 3 3 3 3 3
1
1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 2 2 2
z
z z z z z z z z
z
+ + + + = + + > + + > + + =
.
Cu VIb
1. Phng trnh chnh tc ca elip ( ) E c dng:
2 2
2 2
1
x y
a b
+ = vi 0 a b > > .
T gi thit bi ton ta c h phng trnh: ( )
2 2 2
5
3
2 2 2 20
c
a
a b
c a b
+ =
.
Gii h trn ta tm c: 3, 2 a b = = .
Vy phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) l:
2 2
1
9 4
x y
+ = .
2. Mt cu ( ) S c tm ( ) 5;1; 3 I v bn knh 5 R = .
V ng thng A tip xc vi mt cu ( ) S ti im N nn IN A hay tam gic IMN
vung ti . N Do :
2 2 2 2 2
6 6 MI MN IN MN R MI = + = + = = .
Ta c: ( ) ( )
2 2 2
5 2.1 2.3 5
, 6
1 2 2
d I P IM
+ + +
= = =
+ +
. Suy ra im M chnh l hnh chiu ca im
I ln mt phng ( ) P .
Gi ( )
0 0 0
; ; M x y z th ( )
0 0 0
5; 1; 3 IM x y z =
,
.
Mt phng ( ) P c vecto php tuyn l: ( ) 1; 2; 2 n =
,
.
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254
Ta c:
( )
( )
IM P
M P

nn ( )
0 0 0
0 0 0
5 1 3
3; 3; 1 1 2 2
2 2 5 0
x y z
M
x y z

= =
+ + + =
.
Vy im M cn tm l: ( ) 3; 3; 1 M .
Cu VIIb
Xt hm s: ( ) ( ) ( )
2011 2012
log 2010 log 2011
x x
f x e = + + +
( )
( ) ( )
( )
ln
0
2010 ln 2011 2011 ln 2012
x x
x x
e
f x f x
e

' = + >
+ +
ng bin trn R.
M ( ) 0 2 f = nn bt phng trnh: ( ) ( ) 0 0 f x f x s s .
Vy tp hp nghim ca bt phng trnh l: ( | ; 0 S = .

40

( )
2
2 1
x
y
x
+
=
(C).
31. Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s meR ng thng : d y x m = + ct th ( ) C
ti hai im phn bit , A B sao cho
2 2
37
2
OA OB + = .
Cu II (2,0 im)
1. Gii phng trnh: 5sin 2cos3 1 5cos3 2sin 1 x x x x = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
6
2 3 3
2 3 3 6 3 4
x
x y y
y
x x y x y
= +
+ = +
.
Cu III (1,0 im) .
Tnh tch phn:
2
2
1
1
1
x
I dx
x x
+
=
+
}
.
Cu IV (1,0 im).
Cho hnh lp phng . ABCD A B C D ' ' ' ' c cnh bng a . Gi , M N ln lt l trung im
cc cnh , A B B C ' ' ' ' . Tnh theo a th tch khi t din AD MN ' v khong cch t A n
ng thng D N ' .
Cu V (1,0 im).
Cho , , a b c l cc s dng tha mn
1
2
a b c + + = . Tnh gi tr ln nht ca biu thc:
( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
a b b c b c a c a c a b
P
a b b c a c b c a c a b a c a b b c
+ + + + + +
= + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +

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255
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VI a (2,0 im)
2 2
: 16 C x y + = . Vit phng trnh chnh tc
ca elip c tm sai
1
2
e = bit elip ct ng trn ( ) C ti bn im , , , A B C D sao cho AB
song song vi trc honh v 2 AB CD = .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho cc im ( ) ( ) 2; 0; 0 , 1;1;1 A H . Vit phng trnh mt phng
( ) P i qua , A H sao cho ( ) P ct , Oy Oz ln lt ti , B C tha mn din tch tam gic
ABC bng 4 6 .
Cu VII a (1,0 im).
Cho s phc
1 3
2 2
z i = + . Hy tnh
2
1 z z + + .
Cu VI b (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho parabol ( )
2
: 16 P y x = v im ( ) 1; 4 A . Hai im phn bit
, B C ( khc A) di ng trn ( ) P sao cho
0
90 BAC = . Chng minh rng ng thng BC
lun i qua mt im c nh.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho mt phng ( ) : 2 3 6 18 0 x y z + + = . Gi
, , A B C ln lt l giao im ca ( ) vi cc trc , , Ox Oy Oz v gi H l trc tm tam
gic ABC . Chng minh rng vi mi M thuc mt phng ( ) khng trng vi cc im
, , , A B C H ta lun c:
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2
MA MB MC MH
OA OB OC OH
+ + = + .
Cu VII b (1,0 im).
Gii bt phng trnh:
( )
2 3 4 2 2
2 2
5 6 log log 5 5 6 x x x x x x x x x x + + > + + + .
BI GII

A- PHN CHUNG
Cu I
1. Hc sinh t gii.
2. Phng trnh honh giao im ca d v ( ) C :
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
2 2 3 2
1
1 0 * 2 1
x
x
x m
x m x m x
+
= +

+ + =
=

V
( )
2
4 4 25 0

1 3 0
m m
m
f
+ + >
= =
eR nn phng trnh ( ) * lun c hai nghim phn bit khc 1

vi mi m. Vy d lun ct ( ) C ti hai im phn bit m eR.
Gi ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
; , ; A x x m B x x m + + l ta giao im ca d v ( ) C .
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256
1 2 1 2
2 3
, 1
2
m
x x x x m
+ = = .
Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
2 4 2 2 OA OB x x m x x m x x x x m x x m + = + + + + + = + + + +
=
( )
2
1
4 2 17
2
m m + + .
Gi thit
( )
2 2 2 2
5
37 1 37
4 2 17 2 10 0 2
2 2 2
2
m
OA OB m m m m
m
+ = + + = + =

=
.
Vy
5
2
m = hoc 2 m = l nhng gi tr cn tm.

Cu II
1. iu kin:
1
2
1
3
2
sin
os
x
c x
>
>
.
5sin 5cos3 2sin 1 2cos3 1 0 x x x x + =
( )
2
sin os3 5 0
2sin 1 2cos3 1
x c x
x x
| |
+ =
|
+
\ .
.
Do : ( )
8 2
sin os3 os os3
2
4
x k
x c x c x c x k
x k

= +
| |
= =
|
\ .

= +
eZ .
Biu din cc nghim trn ng trn lng gic v so snh vi iu kin ta c cc nghim
cn tm l: ( )
5
2 ; 2
8 8
x k k x k

= + = + eZ .
2. iu kin: 0 ; 3 3 3 0 ; 0 x y x x y y > + > = .
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2
2 3 2 3 3 6
2 3 3 3 3 3
x y x y x y x
x y y y x y
y y y y

= + = = .
t
3x y
t
y
= . Khi :
2
1
2 3 0
3
2
t
t t
t
=
=

=
.
+ Vi 1 t = ta c:
2 2
0 0
3
3 3
y y
x y y
x y y x y y
< <
=

= = +

.
Thay vo phng trnh th hai ca h ta c:

2 2 2 2
2 2 5 4 2 2 5 4 2 2 5 4 y y y y y y y y y = + = + = +
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257
2
4 4
2 7 4 0
1
0
2
y x
y y
y
= =
+ =

= >
.
+ Vi
3
2
t = ta c:
2
0
3
3
9
2 3
4
y
x y y
x y y
>
=

= +
.
Thay vo phng trnh th hai ta c:
2 2
9 5 9
2 5 4
4 2 2
y y y y + = + .
t
2
9
4
u y y = + , 0 u > . Ta c:
2
2
2 2 4 0
1 0
u
u u
u
=
=

= <
.
Vi 2 u = suy ra:
2
8 8
9 10 16 0 9 9
2 0
y x
y y
y
= =
+ =

= <
.
Vy h phng trnh cho c 2 nghim l: ( )
8 8
4; 4 , ;
9 9
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu III
Ta c:
( )
( )( )
2 2 2
2 2
1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 I x x x dx x x dx x x dx J K = + = + + =
} } }
.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
3 1 5 3
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
2 2 8 3 4 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 3 5 15
J x x dx x dx x dx x x = + + = + + = + + =
} } }
( )( ) ( )
2 2
2
1 1
1 1 1 1 K x x dx x x dx = + = +
} }
.
t
2
1 1 2 t x t x dx dt = = =
( ) ( )
1
1 1
2 4 2 5 3
0 0 0
2 4 26
2 .2 2 2
5 3 5
K t t tdt t t dt t t
| |
= + = + = + =
|
\ .
} }
.
Vy
8 3 4 2 26
5 15 5
I = .

Cu IV
Ta c:
2 2 2 2
2
3
4 4 8 8
D MN A B C D D A M B MN D CN
a a a a
S S S S S a
' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '
= = =
. . . .
.
2 3
1 1 3
. .
3 3 8 8
AD MN D MN
a a
V AA S a
' '
' = = =
.
.
Gi H l hnh chiu ca S ln D N ' v l gc gia
AD' v D N ' .
N
M
D
A
C
B
A' D'
C'
B'
H
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258
Ta c:
5 3
2 , ,
2 2
a a
AD a D N AN ' ' = = = .
2
2 2 2
2
3
sin 1 os 1 .
2. . 10
D A D N AN
c
D A D N

' ' | | +
= = =
|
' '
\ .

3 3
.sin 2.
10 5
a
AH AD a ' = = = .
Vy
3
8
AD MN
a
V
'
= v ( )
3
,
5
a
d A D N ' = .
Cu V
t , , x a b y b c z a c = + = + = + . Suy ra: ( ) 2 1 x y z a b c + + = + + = .
Khi :
xy yz zx
P
xy z yz x zx y
= + +
+ + +
.
Ta c:
( ) ( )( )
1
2
.
xy xy xy xy x y
xy z xy z x y z x z y z xy z
x y
x z y y z x z z
=
| |
s + = =
+ + + + +
|
+ +
\
+ + +
.
+
.
Chng minh tng t ta c:
1
2
yz y z
yz x y x z x
| |
s +
|
+ + +
\ .
;
1
2
z x
z y x
x
zx y y
z | |
s +
+ +
\
+
|
.
.
Cng v theo v cc bt ng thc trn ta c:
3
2
P s .
1
6
a b c = = = .
Vy
3
max
2
P = khi
1
6
a b c = = = .
B- PHN RING
B.1. CHNG TRNH CHUN
Cu VIa
1. Gi s elip c phng trnh chnh tc l: ( )
2 2
2 2
: 1
x y
E
a b
+ = .
Theo :
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
1 1 1 3
2 4 4 4
c c a b
e b a
a a a
= = = = = .
Suy ra elip c phng trnh:
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
4
1 3 4 3
3
x y
x y a
a a
+ = + = .
Ta cc giao im , , , A B C D ca ( ) E v ( ) C l nghim ca h
2 2
2 2 2
16
3 4 3
x y
x y a
+ =
+ =
(I)
Do ( ) E v ( ) C cng nhn trc honh v trc tung lm trc i xng v AB song song Ox
nn , A B i xng nhau qua Oy ; , C D i xng nhau qua Ox .
2 2
2 2 2.2 4 AB CD x y x y = = = (*)
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259
Gii h ( ) I ta tm c:
2 2
64 16
,
5 5
x y = = . Thay vo (*) ta tm c:
2
256
15
a = .
Vy elip c phng trnh l ( )
2 2
: 1
256 64
15 5
x y
E + = .
2. Gi s ( ) ( ) 0; ; 0 , 0; 0; B b C c ; 0 , b c = . Suy ra ( ) : 1
2
x y z
P
b c
+ + = .
( ) ( ) 1;1;
1
1
1 1
2
P
b
H
c
e + = (1)
2 2 2 2
1 1
4 6 ; 4 6 4 4 4 6
2 2
ABC
S AB AC b c c b
(
= = + + =

.
, ,

2 2 2 2
4 4 384 b c b c + + = (2)
t , u b c v bc = + = .
T (1) v (2) ta c:
( )
2 2
2
8, 16
4 2 384 6, 12
v u
u v
v u v u v
=
= =

+ = = =

.
Suy ra: 4 b c = = ; 3 21 b c = = + ; 3 21 b c = = .
Vy c ba mt phng ( ) P tha mn l:
2 4 0 x y z + + = ;
( ) ( )
6 3 21 3 21 12 0 x y z + + + = ;
( ) ( )
6 3 21 3 21 12 0 x y z + + + = .

Cu VIIa
Ta c:
2
1 3
2 2
z i = .
Do :
2
1 3 1 3
1 1 0
2 2 2 2
z z i i
| | | |
+ + = + + + =
| |
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu VIb
1. ( )
2 2
, ; , ;
16 16
b c
B C P B b C c
| | | |
e
| |
\ . \ .
vi 4, 4, c b b c = = = .
Ta c:
2 2
1; 4 , 1; 4
16 16
b c
AB b AC c
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .
, ,
v
0
90 BAC = nn:
( ) ( )
2 2
. 0 1 1 4 4 0
16 16
b c
AB AC b c
| || |
= + =
| |
\ .\ .
, ,
.
Khai trin ri phn tch thnh nhn t ta c: ( ) ( ) 272 4 0 b c b c bc + + + = (

.
D dng lp c phng trnh ng thng BC l: ( ) 16 0 x b c y bc + + = .
R rng ( ) 17; 4 B M C e nn BC lun i qua mt im c nh ( ) 17; 4 M .
2. Ta lun c:
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 49 1
324 OA OB OC OH
+ + = = .
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260
( ) ( ) ; ; 2 3 6 18 0 1
9 6 3
a b c
M a b c a b c e + + = + + = (*)
Ta c:
( )
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
9
2 2
1 1
9 9
a b c
MA a b c a OM a
OA OA OA OA
2
+ +
+ +
= = + = + .
Tng t:
2 2
2 2
2
1
6
MB OM b
OB OB
= + ;
2 2
2 2
2
1
3
MC OM a
OC OC
= + .
Kt hp vi (*) ta c:
2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
1
MA MB MC
OM
OA OB OC OA OB OC
| |
+ + = + + +
|
\ .

=
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
1 1 2
OM OH MH MH
OH OH OH
+
+ = + = + .

Cu VIIb
iu kin:
2
6 0
0 3
0
x x
x
x
+ >
< s
>
.
( )
( )
2
2
6 1 log 5 0 x x x x x + + > (1)
+ Vi 0 1 x < s th d thy bt phng trnh (1) v nghim.
+ Vi 1 3 x < s th:
2 2
3log 3 5 0 log 5 x x s < .
Do : ( )
2 2 2
1
1 6 1 0 6 1 2 3 5 0
5
2
x
x x x x x x x x
x
<
+ + < + < >

>

Suy ra:
5
2
x > .
5
;3
2
S
| (
=

(
\
.

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40 de Luyen Thi Dai Hoc Mon Toan

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40 de Luyen Thi Dai Hoc Mon Toan

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B thi t lun- mn Ton Dnh cho hc sinh lp 12 n thi i hc- Cao ng

. Xc nh v tr ca im C trn ng thng d din tch tam

. Vit phng trnh mt

BAD ). Hn na M v N nm cng pha i vi

lm vect php tuyn nn c phng

l phng trnh ng thng AB.

l nghim ca h phng trnh cho.

Vy tam gic OAB vung cn ti B.

(tha iu kin y 0 > )

. Tm CeA sao cho chu vi tam gic ABC nh nht.

R . Chng minh hai ng thng trn cho

tan BAI l h s gc ca tip tuyn d m ( )

Z ( tho iu kin ban u)

l nghim ca h phng trnh cho.

. Tm ta im D thuc ng thng d sao cho th tch

B AD ' = v x l cnh y ca hnh lng tr.

c nghim duy nht.

. Khi chn ( ) 1;1;1 n =

l nghim ca h phng trnh cho.

c hai nghim thc

. Do : , x y l nghim ca phng trnh

CD SM SMH = l gc gia ( ) SCD

= . Gii phng trnh ny tm c 4 m = .

A = > < + >

ng thng A qua A, B c phng trnh 2 0 x y + =

ng thng Aqua A, B c phng trnh 3 12 0 x y + =

1 cos2x 1 sin2x 4k sin2x cos2x 4k (1)

= > < <

(*) v nghim nn h v nghim.

(*) v nghim nn h v nghim.

. Lp phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua A, song song vi d v khong

A nhn nn H thuc trong on AA.)

. Vit phng trnh mt cu c tm thuc ng thng A,

BAD = . Hai mt bn (SAB) v (SAD) cng

eZ ( tha iu kin ban u).

' = = > 3;3 t e

ta suy ra: , u v l nghim ca phng trnh:

. i chiu vi 2 u > chn 2 u = .

. Thay vo phng trnh th hai ca h

< < nn acgumen dng nh nht ca z l

. Tm ta cc nh , , A B D bit im B c honh dng.

c ng hai nghim phn bit

' = + > e ng bin trn | | 0;1

eR nn phng trnh ( ) * lun c hai nghim phn bit khc 1

+ + < + < >

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