TENSES...

BAB. 1 tenses adalah gambaran atau penjelasan kapan suatu peristiwa atau tindakan. Kejadian atau tindakan terjadi dalam sebuah kalimat : sekarang masa lalu atau masa depan. Atau mengubah bentuk kata kerja sesuai dengan waktu terjadinya suatu peristiwa dan mengubah informasi waktu. Kata Tenses berasal dari kata TEMPUS (bahasa latin) yang berarti waktu/time, dan diperoleh melalui Bahasa Prancis yaitu Temps. Tenses adalah suatu bentuk kata Kerja dalam tata bahasa yang menunjukan waktu terjadinya suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa dan tahap penyelesaiannya. Dan berikut macam macam tenses : A. Present Tense 1. 2. 3. 4. Simple Present Tense Present Continuous Tense Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect Continuous Tense

B. Past Tense 1. 2. 3. 4. Simple Past Tense Past Continuous Tense Past Perfect Tense Past Perfect Continuous Tense

C. Future Tense 1. 2. 3. 4. Simple Future Tense Future Continuous Tense Future Perfect Tense Future Perfect Continuous Tense

D. Past Future Tense 1. 2. 3. 4. Past Future Tense Past Future Continuous Tense Past Future Perfect Tense Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Tenses yaitu bentuk kata kerja Bahasa Inggris yang perubahannya berkaitan dengan waktu. Misal: Verb 1 (infinitive), Verb 2, dan Verb 3. Contoh penggunaan tenses: 1. Saya belajar di SMP (saat ini) 1. I study at SMP 2. Saya belajar di SD tiga tahun yang lalu 2. I studied at SD three years ago 3. Saya akan belajar di SMA tahun depan 3. I will study at SMA next year JENIS-JENIS TENSES Ada 16 bentuk tenses. Untuk tingkat SMP, jenis tenses dasar yang harus dikuasi adalah: PRESENT

Present Tense Present Continuous Tense Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect Continuous Tense

PAST

Past Tense Past Continuous Tense Past Perfect Tense Past Perfect Continuous Tense

FUTURE

Future Tense Future Continuous Tense Future Perfect Tense Future Perfect Continuous Tense

PAST FUTURE

Past Future Tense Past Future Continuous Tense Past Future Perfect Tense Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense Past Present Present Present Continuous Present Perfect Future Future Future Continuous Future Perfect

Simple Continuous Perfect

Past Past Continuous Past Perfect

Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect Continuous

Future Perfect Continuous

Contoh penerapannya adalah sebagai berikut: Past Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous She sang a song She was singing She had sung She had been singing Present She sings a song She is singing She has sung She has been singing Future She will sing a song She will be singing She will have sung She will have been singing

Clues: 1) All Simple use Verb 1 / Verb 2 2) All Future use will 3) All Continuous use to be 4) All Perfect use had/has/have + Verb 3 5) All Perfect Continuous use had/has/have + been + Verb-ing Simplifying Tenses The difference between one activity and two activities: 1) One activity > Simple 2) Two activities : (a) At the same time > Continuous vs Simple (Here, the longer action is Continuous) e.g. : I was watching television when she knocked my door last night. (b) At sequence > Perfect vs Simple (Here, the longer action is Perfect) e.g. : - I will have finished my report when my boss arrives tomorrow. - She had studied Japanese language before she went to Tokyo in 2008.

MACAM-MACAM BUKU/LINK NYA : 1) Pengertian dan Macam Macam Tenses | Mawar Hitam http://www.mawarhitam.info/macam-macam-tenses.html#ixzz1jUKPFAcX 2) Grammar.web.id 3) http://riyn.multiply.com/journal/item/74/Jenis-Jenis_Tenses

BAB. 2 Pengertian Tenses Kata Tenses berasal dari kata TEMPUS (bahasa latin) yang berarti waktu/time, dan diperoleh melalui Bahasa Prancis yaitu Temps. Tenses adalah suatu bentuk kata Kerja dalam tata bahasa yang menunjukan waktu terjadinya suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa dan tahap penyelesaiannya. Ada 16 bentuk tenses. Berikut ini contoh-contoh tenses serta rumusnya: KELOMPOK PRESENT (WAKTU SEKARANG) 1. Simple Present Tense (waktu sekarang) She writes some letters now (active) Dia menulis beberapa surat sekarang [S + Verb1 + O/C] Some letters are written by her now (passive) Beberapa surat ditulis oleh dia sekarang [S + To Be(am,are,is) + Verb3 + O] 2. Present Continuous Tense (sedang berlangsung) She is writing some letters now (active) Dia sedang menulis beberapa surat sekarang [S + To Be(am,are,is) + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters are being written by her now (passive) Beberapa surat sedang ditulis oleh dia sekarang [S + To Be(am,are,is) + being + Verb3 + O] 3. Present Perfect Tense (telah dikerjakan) She has written some letters (active) Dia telah menulis beberapa surat [S + have,has + Verb3 + O/C] Some letters have been written by her (passive) Beberapa surat telah ditulis oleh dia [S + have,has + been + Verb3+ O] 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (telah sedang dikerjakan) She has been writing some letters for two hours (active) Dia telah sedang menulis beberapa surat selama 2 jam [S + have,has + been + (Verb1+ing) + O/C]

Some letters have been being written by her for two hours (passive) Beberapa surat telah sedang ditulis oleh dia selama 2 jam [S + have,has + been + being + Verb3 + O] KELOMPOK FUTURE (YANG AKAN DATANG) 1. Simple Future Tense She will write some letters tomorrow (active) Dia akan menulis beberapa surat besok [S + shall/will + Verb1 + O/C] Some letters will be written by her tomorrow (passive) Beberapa surat akan ditulis oleh dia besok [S + shall/will + be + Verb3 + O] 2. Future Continuous Tense She will be writing some letters tomorrow (active) Dia akan sedang menulis beberapa surat besok [S + shall/will + be + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters will be being written by her tomorrow (passive) Beberapa surat akan sedang ditulis oleh dia besok [S + shall/will + be + being + Verb3 + O] 3. Future Perfect Tense She will have written some letters (active) Dia akan telah menulis beberapa surat [S + shall/will + have + Verb3 + O/C] Some letters will have been written by her (passive) Beberapa surat akan telah ditulis oleh dia [S + shall/will + have + been + Verb3 + O] 4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense She will have been writing some letters (active) Dia akan telah sedang menulis beberapa surat [s + shall/will + have + been + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters will have been being written by her (passive) Beberapa surat akan telah sedang ditulis oleh dia [S + shall/will + have + been + being + Verb3 + O]

KELOMPOK PAST FUTURE (YANG AKAN DATANG DI MASA LAMPAU) 1. Past Future Tense She would write some letters when you came (active) Dia akan menulis beberapa surat ketika kamu datang

[S + should,would + Verb1 + O/C] Some letters would be written by her when you came (passive) Beberapa surat akan ditulis oleh dia ketika kamu datang [S + should,would + be + Verb3 + O] 2. Past Future Continuous Tense She would be writing some letters on Monday last week (active) Dia akan sedang menulis beberapa surat pada hari Senin minggu lalu [S + should,would + be +(Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters would be being written by her on Monday last week (passive) Beberapa surat akan sedang ditulis oleh dia pada hari Senin minggu lalu [S + shoul,would + be + being + Verb3 + O] 3. Past Future Perfect Tense She would have written some letters if you hadnt come here (active) Dia akan telah menulis beberapa surat jika kamu belum datang kesini [S + should,would + have + Verb3 + O/C] Some letters would have been written by her if you hadnt come here (passive) Beberapa surat akan telah sedang ditulis oleh dia jika kamu belum datang kesini [S + should,would + have + been + Verb3 + O] 4. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense She would have been writing some letters by March this year (active) Dia akan telah sedang menulis beberapa surat menjelang Maret tahun ini [S + should,would + have + been + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters would have been being written by her by March this year (passive) Beberapa surat akan telah sedang ditulis oleh dia menjelang Maret tahun ini [S + should,would + have + been + being + Verb3 + O]

 RUMUS-RUMUS
KELOMPOK PRESENT (WAKTU SEKARANG) 1. Simple Present Tense (waktu sekarang) She writes some letters now (active) Dia menulis beberapa surat sekarang [S + Verb1 + O/C] Some letters are written by her now (passive) Beberapa surat ditulis oleh dia sekarang [S + To Be(am,are,is) + Verb3 + O] 2. Present Continuous Tense (sedang berlangsung) She is writing some letters now (active) Dia sedang menulis beberapa surat sekarang [S + To Be(am,are,is) + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters are being written by her now (passive) Beberapa surat sedang ditulis oleh dia sekarang [S + To Be(am,are,is) + being + Verb3 + O] 3. Present Perfect Tense (telah dikerjakan) She has written some letters (active) Dia telah menulis beberapa surat [S + have,has + Verb3 + O/C] Some letters have been written by her (passive) Beberapa surat telah ditulis oleh dia [S + have,has + been + Verb3+ O] 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (telah sedang dikerjakan) She has been writing some letters for two hours (active) Dia telah sedang menulis beberapa surat selama 2 jam [S + have,has + been + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters have been being written by her for two hours (passive) Beberapa surat telah sedang ditulis oleh dia selama 2 jam [S + have,has + been + being + Verb3 + O] KELOMPOK FUTURE (YANG AKAN DATANG) 1. Simple Future Tense She will write some letters tomorrow (active) Dia akan menulis beberapa surat besok [S + shall/will + Verb1 + O/C]

Some letters will be written by her tomorrow (passive) Beberapa surat akan ditulis oleh dia besok [S + shall/will + be + Verb3 + O] 2. Future Continuous Tense She will be writing some letters tomorrow (active) Dia akan sedang menulis beberapa surat besok [S + shall/will + be + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters will be being written by her tomorrow (passive) Beberapa surat akan sedang ditulis oleh dia besok [S + shall/will + be + being + Verb3 + O] 3. Future Perfect Tense She will have written some letters (active) Dia akan telah menulis beberapa surat [S + shall/will + have + Verb3 + O/C] Some letters will have been written by her (passive) Beberapa surat akan telah ditulis oleh dia [S + shall/will + have + been + Verb3 + O] 4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense She will have been writing some letters (active) Dia akan telah sedang menulis beberapa surat [s + shall/will + have + been + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters will have been being written by her (passive) Beberapa surat akan telah sedang ditulis oleh dia [S + shall/will + have + been + being + Verb3 + O]

KELOMPOK PAST FUTURE (YANG AKAN DATANG DI MASA LAMPAU) 1. Past Future Tense She would write some letters when you came (active) Dia akan menulis beberapa surat ketika kamu datang [S + should,would + Verb1 + O/C] Some letters would be written by her when you came (passive) Beberapa surat akan ditulis oleh dia ketika kamu datang [S + should,would + be + Verb3 + O] 2. Past Future Continuous Tense She would be writing some letters on Monday last week (active) Dia akan sedang menulis beberapa surat pada hari Senin minggu lalu [S + should,would + be +(Verb1+ing) + O/C]

Some letters would be being written by her on Monday last week (passive) Beberapa surat akan sedang ditulis oleh dia pada hari Senin minggu lalu [S + shoul,would + be + being + Verb3 + O] 3. Past Future Perfect Tense She would have written some letters if you hadnt come here (active) Dia akan telah menulis beberapa surat jika kamu belum datang kesini [S + should,would + have + Verb3 + O/C] Some letters would have been written by her if you hadnt come here (passive) Beberapa surat akan telah sedang ditulis oleh dia jika kamu belum datang kesini [S + should,would + have + been + Verb3 + O] 4. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense She would have been writing some letters by March this year (active) Dia akan telah sedang menulis beberapa surat menjelang Maret tahun ini [S + should,would + have + been + (Verb1+ing) + O/C] Some letters would have been being written by her by March this year (passive) Beberapa surat akan telah sedang ditulis oleh dia menjelang Maret tahun ini [S + should,would + have + been + being + Verb3 + O]

BAB. 3 CONTOH-CONTOH TENSES : Simple Present Tense (waktu sekarang) (+) She is a new people here. (-) She isnt a new people here. (+) He plays football every morning (-) He not playing football every morning (+)She writes some letters now (-)Some letters are written by her now Present Continous Tense (sedang berlangsung) (+) She is writing some letters now (-) some letters are being written by her now (+) They are studying English now. (-) They arent studying English now. (+) He is playing badminton now (-) He isnt playing badminton now Present Perfect Tense (telah dikerjakan) (+) I have gone. (-) I havent gone. (+) They have done (-)They havent done. (+) she has written some letters (-) some letters have been written by her Present Perfect Continous Tense (telah sedang dikerjakan) (+) She has been going to Malang since evening. (-) She hasnt been going to Malang since evening. (+) We have been riding a horse for three days (-) We havent been riding a horse for three days. (+) She has been writing some letters for two hours (-) Some letters have been being written by her for two hours

(+) She has been going to Malang since evening. (+) We have been riding a horse for three days (-) She hasnt been going to Malang since evening. (-) We havent been riding a horse for three days. (?) Has she been going to Malang ? (?) Have He been riding a horse for three days