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INTRODUCTION The Project entitled "ONLINE SHOPPING" is a web-based application Software developed in PHP as front end.

The main aim of "ONLINE SHOPPING" is to improve the services of Customers and vendors. It maintains the details of customer payments, product receipts, addition of new customers, products and also updating, deletion for the same. It also stores the details of invoices generated by customer and payments made by them with all Payments details like credit card. The primary features of the project entitled "ONLINE SHOPPING" are high accuracy, design flexibility and easy availability. And also it uses database tables Representing entities and relationships between entities. OVERVIEW OF ONLINE SHOPPING The central concept of the application is to allow the customer to shop virtually using the Internet and allow customers to buy the items and articles of their desire from the store. The information pertaining to the products are stores on an RDBMS at the server side (store). The Server process the customers and the items are shipped to the address submitted by them. The application was designed into two modules first Os for the customers who wish to buy the articles. Second is for the storekeepers who maintains and updates the information pertaining to the articles and those of the customers. The end user of this product is a departmental store where the application is hosted on the web and the administrator maintains the database. The application which is deployed at the customer database, the details of the items are brought forward from the database for the customer view based on the selection through the menu and the database of all the products are updated at the end of each transaction. Data entry into the application can be done through various screens designed for various levels of users. Once the authorized personnel feed the relevant data into the system, several reports could be generated as per the security.

PROBLEM DEFINITION To develop a web-based application to improve the service to the customers and merchant which in turn increases the sales and profit in "ONLINE SHOPPING"

GOALS FOR THE SYSTEM AND THE PROJECT The system is capable of maintaining details of various customers, vendors, Products and storing all the day to day transactions such as generation of shipment address bills, handling customers and product receipts, updating of stores.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS Processor RAM Hard Disk Keyboard Mouse SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS Operating System Programming Language Database Web Browser Web Server IDE Windows 2000,XP or higher PHP MySQL Internet Explorer/Mozilla Firefox/ Google Chrome WampServer Dream weaver Pentium III or above 128MB or above 20GB or above Standard Keyboard Standard Mouse

SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION PHP PHP is a widely used, general-purpose scripting language that was originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. For this purpose PHP code is embedded into the HTML source document and interpreted by a web server with a PHP processor module, which generates the web page document. As a general-purpose programming language, PHP code is processed by an interpreter application in command line mode performing desired operating system operations and producing program output on its standard output channel. It may also function as a graphical application. PHP is available as a processor for most modern web servers and as standalone interpreter on almost every operating system and computing platform. PHP was originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995 and has been in continuous development ever since. The main implementation of PHP is now produced by The PHP Group and serves as the de facto standard for PHP as there is no formal specification.[3] PHP is free software released under the PHP License, which is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL) because of restrictions on the use of the term PHP. PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development. PHP generally runs on a web server. Any PHP code in a requested file is executed by the PHP runtime, usually to create dynamic web page content. It can also be used for command-line scripting and client-side GUI applications. PHP can be deployed on most web servers, many operating systems and platforms, and can be used with many relational database management systems. It is available free of charge, and the PHP Group provides the complete source code for users to build, customize and extend for their own use. Java Script JavaScript is a scripting language most often used for client-side web development. Java Script is the first internet scripting language. JavaScript supports all the structured programming syntax in C (e.g., if statements, while loops, switch statements, etc.). It is a case-sensitive language. It is very easy to learn and use. Variable data type needs not be declared in JavaScript. It is not fully extensible. JavaScript, in its purest form is an object based, cross platform, loosely typed, multiuse language that allows a programmer to deploy many types of solutions to many clients Windows XP Professional The Windows XP environment is a boon for the users of DOS. An operating system is a set of software tools designed to make it easy for people and programs to make optimum use of the computer. People who use computers have different levels of needs and interests. This people can be separated into two groups- Users and Programmers. The users wants convenient set of command to manage files of data or programs, copy disk and run application package, while a programmer use a set of tools. Advantages: Devices independent program. Preinstalled Code.

Standard user interface.

Microsoft Windows XP Professional is more compatible and more powerful than any other workstation used previously. Features: Easy to use. Easy to manage. More compatible. More powerful. Efficient management of files and folders. Internet and communication support.

Microsoft Internet Explorer as Web browser This web browser provides a graphical, text based terminal interface to web server. This terminal approach provides an interface between the user and the web server. It is responsible for translating HTML sent by web server into a graphical user interface within the browser. It can also use client side scripting to perform tasks and operations within the browser. Apache Sever Apache supports a variety of features, many implemented as compiled modules which extend the core functionality. These can range from server-side programming language support to authentication schemes. Some common language interfaces support Perl, Python, Tcl, and PHP. Popular authentication modules include mod_access, mod_auth, mod_digest, and mod_auth_digest, the successor to mod_digest. A sample of other features include SSL and TLS support (mod_ssl), a proxy module (mod_proxy), a URL rewriter (also known as a rewrite engine, implemented under mod_rewrite), custom log files (mod_log_config), and filtering support (mod_include and mod_ext_filter). Popular compression methods on Apache include the external extension module, mod_gzip, implemented to help with reduction of the size (weight) of web pages served over HTTP. ModSecurity is an open source intrusion detection and prevention engine for web applications. Apache logs can be analyzed through a web browser using free scripts such as AWStats/W3Perl or Visitors. Virtual hosting allows one Apache installation to serve many different actual websites. For example, one machine with one Apache installation could simultaneously serve www.example.com, www.test.com, test47.test-server.test.com, etc. Apache features configurable error messages, DBMS-based authentication databases, and content negotiation. It is also supported by several graphical user interfaces (GUIs). MySQL

A database is a structured collection of records or data. A computer database relies upon software to organize the storage of data. The software models the database structure in what are known as database models. The model in most common use today is the relational model. Other models such as the hierarchical model and the network model use a more explicit representation of relationships The Data Manipulation Language (DML) is used to access and modify data with the SELECT, INSERT, DELETE and UPDATE verbs. The Data Definition Language (DDL) defines the physical database objects with the CREATE, DROP, and ALTER SQL verbs. The Data Control Language (DCL) provides the control statements that govern data security with the verbs GRANT and REVOKE. MySql is a true multi-user, multithreaded SQL database server.SQL is the most popular and standardized database language in the world.MySQL is a client server implementation that consist of a server daemon mysqld and many client programs and Libraries.MYSQL is very fast, multithreaded, multiuser, Robust SQL database server Strengths of MySQL Reliability Performance Ease-of-Use ACID Transactions Server-Based Data Integrity Low contention issues Automatic Storage Management

When a query is issued with one or more tables as input, SQL will output a single table typically referred to as a results table. The results table can be composed of multiple rows and columns or it can contain a single value, which was derived from one row and one column. Extracting data from a database is the most common SQL operation. Database retrieval is called a query and to issue a query you use the SELECT command. The selection operation retrieves a specified subset of rows from a table. When selecting information from a table you will use some primary keywords. They are SELECT, FROM, WHERE and ORDER BY. SELECT and FROM are used in every query you do to select data from tables. SQL Features It is meant to be an English like language using set English phrases to manipulate the database. How well it achieves this is questionable. It is non-procedural. You specify the information required not the navigation and operations required to access the data. Each RDBMS has an inbuilt query optimizer, which parses your SQL statements and works out the optimum path to the required data.

When you query data, all the rows affected by your statement are dealt with in one go as a set, they are not dealt with separately. The work area that holds the set is known as a CURSOR. SQL encompasses a range of uses and users. DBA's, application programmers, management and end users can use SQL. It provides command for the following tasks: Querying data Inserting, updating and deleting data Creating modifying and deleting database objects Controlling access to the database and database objects Guaranteeing database consistency Monitoring database performance and configuration

The SELECT statement is the heart of SQL. It allows you to get the data out of the database and do things with it. When you perform a SELECT against a table or tables the result is compiled into a further temporary table, which is displayed Data manipulation language is the area of SQL that allows you to change data within the database. It consists of only three command statement groups; they are INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE Data Definition Language is a set of SQL commands used to create, modify and delete database structures (not data). These commands wouldn't normally be used by a general user, who should be accessing the database via an application. They are normally used by the DBA (to a limited extent), a database designer or application developer. These statements are immediate; they are not susceptible to ROLLBACK commands. You should also note that if you have executed several DML updates then issuing any DDL command will COMMIT all the updates as every DDL command implicitly issues a COMMIT command to the database. Macromedia Dreamweaver Adobe Dreamweaver (formerly Macromedia Dreamweaver) is a web development application originally created by Macromedia, and is now developed by Adobe Systems, which acquired Macromedia in 2005. Dreamweaver is available for both Mac and Windows operating systems. Recent versions have incorporated support for web technologies such as CSS, JavaScript, and various server-side scripting languages and frameworks including ASP, ColdFusion, and PHP. Features Although a hybrid WYSIWYG and code-based web design and development application, Dreamweaver's WYSIWYG mode can hide the HTML code details of pages from the user, making it possible for non-coders to create web pages and sites. One criticism of this approach is that it has the potential to produce HTML pages whose file size and amount of HTML code is larger than an optimally hand-coded page would be, which can cause web browsers to perform poorly. This can be particularly true because the application makes it very easy to create table-based layouts. Some web site developers criticized

Dreamweaver for producing code that often did not comply with W3C standards, though recent versions have been more compliant. Dreamweaver 8.0 performed poorly on the Acid2 Test, developed by the Web Standards Project. Adobe has focused on support for standardsbased layout in recent and current versions of the application, including the ability to convert tables to layers. Dreamweaver allows users to preview websites in locally-installed web browsers. It also has site management tools such as FTP/SFTP and WebDAV file transfer and synchronization features, the ability to find and replace lines of text or code by search terms and regular expressions across the entire site, and a templating feature that allows singlesource update of shared code and layout across entire sites without server-side includes or scripting. The behaviours panel also enables use of basic JavaScript without any coding knowledge, and integration with Adobe's Spry AJAX framework offers easy access to dynamically-generated content and interfaces. Dreamweaver can use third-party "Extensions" to extend core functionality of the application, which any web developer can write (largely in HTML and JavaScript). Dreamweaver is supported by a large community of extension developers who make extensions available (both commercial and free) for most web development tasks from simple rollover effects to full-featured shopping carts.

SYSTEM DESIGN Design of software involves conceiving, planning out and specifying the externally observable characteristics of the software product. We have data design, architectural design and user interface design in the design process. These are explained in the following section. The goal of design process is to provide a blue print for implementation, testing and maintenance activities. DATA DESIGN: The primary activity during data design is to select logical representations of data objects identified during requirement analysis and software analysis. A data dictionary explicitly represents the relationships among data objects and the constrains on the elements of the data structure. A data dictionary should be established and used to define both data and program design. FESIBILITY STUDY:

Feasibility study is conducted once the problem is clearly understood. Feasibility study is a high level capsule version of the entire system analysis and design process. The objective is to determine quickly at a minimum expense how to solve a problem. The purpose of feasibility is not to solve the problem but to determine if the problem is worth solving. The system has been tested for feasibility in the following points. 1. Technical Feasibility 2. Economical Feasibility 3. Operational Feasibility. 1. Technical Feasibility: The project entitles "Project Monitoring System" is technically feasibility because of the below mentioned feature. The project developed in PHP which is an open source . It provides the high level of reliability, availability and compatibility. All these make php an appropriate language for this project. Thus the existing software Php is a powerful language. 2. Economical Feasibility: The computerized system will help in automate the selection leading the profits and details of the organization. With this software, the machine and manpower utilization are expected to go up by 80-90% approximately. The costs incurred of not creating the system are set to be great, because precious time can be wanted by manually. 3. Operational Feasibility: In this project, the management will know the details of each project where he may be presented and the data will be maintained as decentralized and if any inquires for that particular contract can be known as per their requirements and necessaries. Implementation: Implementation is the stage where the theoretical design is turned into a working system. The most crucial stage in achieving a new successful system and in giving confidence on the new system for the users that it will work efficiently and effectively. The system can be implemented only after thorough testing is done and if it

is found to work according to the specification. It involves careful planning, investigation of the current system and its constraints on implementation, design of methods to achieve the change over and an evaluation of change over methods a part from planning. Two major tasks of preparing the implementation are education and training of the users and testing of the system. The more complex the system being implemented, the more involved will be the systems analysis and design effort required just for implementation. The implementation phase comprises of several activities. The required hardware and software acquisition is carried out. The system may require some software to be developed. For this, programs are written and tested. The user then changes over to his new fully tested system and the old system is discontinued. TESTING: The testing phase is an important part of software development. It is the process of finding errors and missing operations and also a complete verification to determine whether the objectives are met and the user requirements are satisfied. Software testing is carried out in three steps: The first includes unit testing, where in each module is tested to provide its correctness, validity and also determine any missing operations and to verify whether the objectives have been met. Errors are noted down and corrected immediately. Unit testing is the important and major part of the project. So errors are rectified easily in particular module and program clarity is increased. In this project entire system is divided into several modules and is developed individually. So unit testing is conducted to individual modules. The second step includes Integration testing. It need not be the case, the software whose modules when run individually and showing perfect results, will also show perfect results when run as a whole. The individual modules are clipped under this major module and tested again and verified the results. This is due to poor interfacing, which may results in data being lost across an interface. A module can have inadvertent, adverse effect on any other or on the global data structures, causing serious problems. The final step involves validation and testing which determines which

the software functions as the user expected. Here also some modifications were. In the completion of the project it is satisfied fully by the end user. Maintenance and Enhancement AS the number of computer based systems, grieve libraries of computer software began to expand. In house developed projects produced tones of thousand soft program source statements. Software products purchased from the outside added hundreds of thousands of new statements. A dark cloud appeared on the horizon. All of these programs, all of those source statements-had to be corrected when false were detected, modified as user requirements changed, or adapted to new hardware that was purchased. These activities were collectively called software Maintenance. The maintenance phase focuses on change that is associated with error correction, adaptations required as the software's environment evolves, and changes due to enhancements brought about by changing customer requirements. Four types of changes are encountered during the maintenance phase. Correction Adaptation Enhancement Prevention

Correction: Even with the best quality assurance activities is lightly that the customer will uncover defects in the software. Corrective maintenance changes the software to correct defects. Maintenance is a set of software Engineering activities that occur after software has been delivered to the customer and put into operation. Software configuration management is a set of tracking and control activities that began when a software project begins and terminates only when the software is taken out of the operation. We may define maintenance by describing four activities that are undertaken after a program is released for use: Corrective Maintenance Adaptive Maintenance Perfective Maintenance or Enhancement Preventive maintenance or reengineering Only about 20 percent of all maintenance work are spent "fixing

mistakes". The remaining 80 percent are spent adapting existing systems to changes in their external environment, making enhancements requested by users, and reengineering an application for use. ADAPTATION: Over time, the original environment for which the software was developed is likely to change. Adaptive maintenance results in modification to the software to accommodate change to its external environment. ENHANCEMENT: As software is used, the customer/user will recognize additional functions that will provide benefit. Perceptive maintenance extends the software beyond its original function requirements. PREVENTION: Computer software deteriorates due to change, and because of this, preventive maintenance, often called software re engineering, must be conducted to enable the software to serve the needs of its end users. In essence, preventive maintenance makes changes to computer programs so that they can be more easily corrected, adapted, and enhanced. Software configuration management (SCM) is an umbrella activity that is applied throughout the software process. SCM activities are developed to Identify change. Control chug. Ensure that change is being properly implemented. Report change to others that may have an interest. DESIGN SPECIFICATION

TABLES

DATAFLOW DIAGRAMS

INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULT The system has been implemented and tested successfully. It meets the information Requirements specified to the great extent. Although the system has been designed keeping the Present and future requirements in mind and made very flexible. There are limitations of the System. Proper consideration has been given for a wide range of new enhancements in The future, through out the development of system. The system is developed user friendly. In future, if it is required to generate reports other than provided by the system, it can be simply Achieved by a separate module to the main menu without affecting the design of the system. ADVANTAGES It simplifies the operation. It avoids a lot of manual work. Every Transaction is obtained and processed immediately. Avoids errors by avoiding the manual work.

User friendly screen to enter the data and Enquire the database tables. Online help messages available to the operating system. User can easily access the system without much experience. Provide Hardware and software securities. Portable and flexible for further extension.

CONCLUSION The central concept of the application is to allow the customer to shop virtually using the Internet and allow customers to buy the items and articles of their desire from the store. The information pertaining to the products are stores on an RDBMS at the server side (store). The Server process the customers and the items are shipped to the address submitted by them. The application was designed into two modules first Os for the customers who wish to buy the articles. Second is for the storekeepers who maintains and updates the information pertaining to the articles and those of the customers? The end user of this product is a departmental store where the application is hosted on the web and the administrator maintains the database. The application which is deployed at the customer database, the details of the items are brought forward from the database for the customer view based on the selection through the menu and the database of all the products are updated at the end of each transaction.

Data entry into the application can be done through various screens designed for various levels of users. Once the authorized personnel feed the relevant data into the system, several reports could be generated as per the requirements. This system offers information relevant to the user accessing the application thus avoiding unnecessary overloading and at the same time

maintaining the security.

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Herbert Schildt (2000) PHP Complete Reference Tata Mc Graw Hill. James McGovern, Rahim Adatta(2003) PHP BIBLE, First Edition, John Wiley and sons.

Scott Grant, Michael P. Kovacs, Meeraj Kunnumpurath, Silvano Maffeis, Professional PHP.

James Goodwill Mastering Jakartha Struts Wiley Publishing,Inc Brett McLaughlin PHP Enterprise Applications O'Reilly. Debu Panda, Reza Rahman EJB 3 guide. Kathy Sierra, Bert Bates Head First EJB O,Reilly Media,Inc

Mike Keith, Michael Keith, PHP Persistence API Apress L. P.

Roger.S.Pressman(2001) A Practitioners Approach Fifth Edition, Mc Graw Hill Phil Hanna (2003) The Complete Reference PHP, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill publishing company limited. William E.Perry (2000) Effective Methods for Software Testing Second Edition, Wiley Computer publishers.
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McGraw-Hill

Blanchard, B. S., & Fabrycky, W. J.(2006) Systems engineering and analysis (4th ed.) New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
George Reese, Database Programming with PHP (2nd edition)

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