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2006

1. CAD...................................................................................5
1.1 CAE .....................................................................................6
2. AutoCAD ......................................................9
3. ...................................................................................................13
3.1. AutoCAD .................................................14
3.2. ORTHO ......................................................19
3.3. .........................................................................................20
4. ................................................................27
4.1. (Select)..................................................................................28
5. .........................................................................37
5.1. Layers ...............................................................................................37
5.2. Blocks ...............................................................................................40
6. AutoCAD........................................................................45
7. ....................................................51
7.1. Zoom.................................................................................................51
7.2. Viewports ..........................................................................................52
7.3. ...............................53



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AutoCAD Autodesk
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Windows Microsoft.
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1. CAD
.

, .
,
,

.

. (2D)

.
(3D) ( )

.

.
, ,

CAD-CAM
(Computer Aided Design - Computer Aided Manufacturing) CAE
(Computer Aided Engineering).
, /
, ,
,

.
,
, .

 CAD

/
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, ,

.

1.1 CAE

.
CAD
CAD (Computer Aided Design)
,

.

.
(Zoom), ,
, ,
,
,
,
.
CAP
CAP (Computer Aided Planning)
/ , ..

, .
CAM
CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)
/ .
CAD CAM

CAD

(NC) .

.
, CAD CAM ,
..
.
CAQ
CAQ (Computer Aided Quality Control),
/
..
, , ...
CAE
CAD, CAP, CAM CAQ,
/ (
) ,
CAE (Computer Aided Engineering).
CIM
,

CIM

(Computer

Integrated

Manufacturing)

/
: , , .

CAD

AutoCAD
Autodesk.

 CAD

CAD

CAP

NC

CAM

CAE

(3D)

CAQ

/.

2. AutoCAD
,
,
AutoCAD.
AutoCAD

1.

AutoCAD
.

2.

AutoCAD .

3.

>utoCAD

AutoCAD.

 AutoCAD

, AutoCAD
windows.
windows , ,
.

.
AutoCAD.

AutoCAD

.

AutoCAD.

10

AutoCAD

.
AutoCAD ,
.
.

(..
). ,
, ,
,
.
AutoCAD
,
(tabs)
.
model,

. , , ,
10
(mm, cm .).
model AutoCAD
.
Layout,

model,

11

 AutoCAD

.

AutoCAD ,
(..
)
.

12

3.
AutoCAD .
:
1. Draw,
2. Draw,
3. .
Line
.
:

Line
Draw

Line

Draw

13

,
Specify first point,
.
,
, .

.
,

, Enter
.
, ,

.

. ,
,
Command.
, Esc.
, Undo
Edit ,
undo u .

3.1. AutoCAD
,
.
. , ,
, x

14

y. AutoCAD,
:
1.

AutoCAD, ,
.
, ,
, ,
.
Zoom ,

.
2.

.
,
.


.

.

( ),
x
y . ,

100,50
100 x 50

15

y.



x.
,
<. , , 100<45

100
x 45 .

.
( ),


. AutoCAD

.
,
,
,
@.
.

16

100,50

100<45

@100,50

@100<45

3.

,
.
(Grid)

GRID AutoCAD.

GRID

SNAP

SNAP

,
.
, ,
, ,
,
, .
Temporary Tracking Point

(..
). ,

17

, .
,



. ,
OSNAP (Object Snap)

AutoCAD.

OSNAP

, ,
OSNAP,

.

OSNAP

Settings.

Drafting Settings,

18

,
,
AutoCAD
(..
).

3.2. ORTHO
ORTHO
.

ORTHO

. , , Line,
,

.
.
, , , ,
,
,
.
, ORTHO,
,
,

, ,
. ,
100 ,
Line, ,
ORTHO,

19

100.

(.. 80)
80
.

3.3.
.

Circle. ,
,
. ,
, ,
,
3 (3 points, 3P) , 2
(2 points, 2P) ,
(tan tan radius,
). ,
.
,
tan tan radius
t. ,
.

20

Line : .

Construction Line :
.

Multiline

(
).

Polyline :

, ...

Polygon : .

Rectangle : .

Arc :
, , ...

Circle :
, , 3 ,
...

Spline :
.

Ellipse :

Ellipse Arc :

Insert Block : block

Make Block : block

Point :

Hatch :

Region :

Text :

21

,

3.
.

(100,100)

22

(100,100)

23

24

25

4.

AutoCAD
.
:
1. Modify,
2. Modify ,
3. .
Copy
AutoCAD.
:

Modify
Copy

Copy

Modify

27

Select objects,

. ,
.

(displacement)
.

. , ,
100

100,
.
Copy, Move.

4.1. (Select)

(Select objects).
.
.

.
.

, ,

.
.

.

, ,

.

28

.

,
.
,
, Enter
(Spacebar) AutoCAD .
, ,


, :

Erase : .

Copy Object : .

Mirror :
.

Offset :
.

Array :
.

Move :
.

Rotate

29

Scale : .

Stretch :
x y.

Lengthen : .

Trim : .

Extend :
.

Break at Point :
.

Break :
.

Chamfer :

Fillet :
,
.

Explode : Polyline
.

30

,

3 4.
.

: Offset.

31

: Fillet
Trim.

: Fillet
Trim (snap to tangent)
.

32

: Fillet
Trim, Array (Polar) .

33

34

:
Fillet Trim, Array Offset.

35

5.
AutoCAD
, , ,

. ,
AutoCAD , , ,
Layers,
, Block .

5.1. Layers

.
,
,
, ,
, .
Layers AutoCAD,

,
,

.

Layers. ,


.

37

Layers

Layers (
Layers Format) ,
, ,
, .

, Name
Layer, On ,
Freeze , Lock ,
Color , Linetype
Lineweight Plotstyle
Plot . ,
Current
. Make
Objects Layer Current Layers,

38

.
, ,

Layers.

,
.

39

5.2. Blocks
AutoCAD
.

Block, ,
,
.
,
.
Block,
block Make block Draw.
)
Block, )
(base point)
Block



Block
)

Block.
,
Block .
Block
,

Insert

Block

Draw ,
, , , Block
(Insertion

40

Point) . Block

.

41

,

3 4.
.
Layers
.

42

: Offset
,
.

43

6. AutoCAD
AutoCAD ,
. ,
, ,
,
.
.

Dimension Dimension,
View Toolbars.

, ,
,
. ,
Modify Dimension

Style,

, ,

45

 AutoCAD

,
.

Layer.

46

AutoCAD

,

3 4.
.
Dimension
. Layer.

47

 AutoCAD

48

AutoCAD

49

7.
,
, .
AutoCAD
,

.

View.

7.1. Zoom
Zoom.


. Zoom In, ,
.
Zoom
View
AutoCAD,

. :

Zoom Window


,

Zoom Dynamic


,

51

Zoom Scale Zoom Center

,

Zoom In Zoom Out

,

Zoom All Zoom Extents

.

, , ,
Zoom Previous Zoom
Zoom Realtime

, Pan Realtime
, ,
.

7.2. Viewports
Viewports View,
,

.

52

7.3.
AutoCAD
.
.
. Toolbars
View.
.
.

53

AutoCAD,

/.
.
,
.

55