Description

• Colposcopic biopsy: For this type of biopsy, a doctor first examines the cervix with a colposcope to find the abnormal areas. Using a biopsy forceps, he or she will remove a small section of the abnormal area on the surface of the cervix. The abnormal area of cervix around 1/8-inch is removed.
• Endocervical curettage: This procedure is usually done at the same time as the colposcopic biopsy. A narrow instrument is inserted into the endocervical canal. Some of the tissue lining the endocervical canal is removed by scraping with the curette.
• Conization: In this procedure, the doctor removes a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the cervix.
• LEEP (LLETZ): The tissue is removed with a thin wire loop that is heated by electrical current and acts as a scalpel.
• Cold knife cone biopsy: A surgical scalpel or a laser as a scalpel is used rather than a heated wire to remove tissue.
Preventions for Cervical Cancer Only some women with pre-cancerous changes of the cervix will develop cancer. This process usually takes several years but sometimes can happen in less than a year. For most women, pre-cancerous cells will remain unchanged and go away without any treatment. But if these precancers are treated, almost all true cancers can be prevented.
• By getting regular Pap tests and pelvic exams, your health care provider can find and treat the changing cells before they turn into cancer.
• By avoiding exposure to HPV
• Limiting your number of sexual partners
• HPV can spread through skin-to-skin contact with any infected part of the body, but using a condom every time you have sex can significantly reduce your risk of contracting HPV. Condoms provide some protection; it can reduce the infection rate by about 70%.
• Vaccines have been developed that can protect women from HPV infections. Although the vaccine could prevent up to 70 percent of cervical cancer cases, it can't prevent infection with every virus that causes cervical cancer. Routine Pap tests to screen for cervical cancer remain important.
Treatments of Cervical Caner
Pre-invasive stage
Treatment of cervical cancer in the pre-invasive stage, when it has affected only the outer layer of the lining of the cervix, may include:
• Conization: This simple surgery involves removing with a scalpel a cone-shaped piece of cervical tissue where the abnormality is found.
• Laser surgery: This operation uses a narrow beam of intense light to kill cancerous and precancerous cells.
• Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP): This technique uses a wire loop to pass electrical current, which cuts like a surgeon's knife and remove cells from the mouth of the cervix.
• Cryosurgery: This technique involves freezing and killing cancerous and precancerous cells.
• Hysterectomy: This major surgery involves removal of the cancerous and precancerous areas, the cervix and the uterus.
Invasive stage
Many women are treated successfully for invasive cervical cancer and live full, productive lives. Treatment may involve:
• Hysterectomy: Surgery is usually recommended for younger women because it often can preserve one or both ovaries along with their estrogen production, which is important in maintaining bone strength.
• Radical trachelectomy: Women with early-stage cervical cancer may be able to preserve their fertility by having this surgical procedure, which involves removing the cervix and the lower part of the uterus.
• Radiation: High-energy rays shrink tumors by killing the cancer cells. The radiation destroys the ability of cancer cells to reproduce.
These treatments are almost always effective in destroying precancers and preventing them from developing into true cancers. You will need follow-up exams to make sure that the abnormality does not come back. For further clarity about the Cervical Cancer please visit your consultant.
Concerned Doctor
• Ajit Naniksingh Kukreja (M.S)
• S.M.Bose (MS,FRCS,FAMS,FTCS,FACG,F ACS)
• sanjay d. kava (M.B.B.S. M.