Moh.

Resha Yudiestira 180410080161

An analysis of Translation Procedures on Novel The Sea of Trolls by Nancy Farmer 1. Transference (SL) Her spirit rode it like the venomous monster she is behind her lying beautiful face. (TL) Rohnya menunggangi mimpi buruk bak monster berbisa yang bersembunyi di balik wajah cantiknya yang palsu. Explanation: I choose the example above as transference because there is a word monster on SL and its translation on TL is using word monster as well. The position of the word monster on TL is a loan word of SL. There is no alteration between the SL (means the word monster) and the TL (means the translation of word monster). (SL) It got to Jotunheim. (TL) Kabar itu sampai ke Jotunheim. Explanation: According to the theory of Newmark (1988:81) about translation procedure of transference, the commonly words that usually transferred are including the names of all living and most dead people, names of private companies and institution, street names and addresses, etc. I assume the underlined word on TL is using the procedure of transference because there is no alteration and the word is become loan word. Based on the novel titled The Sea of Trolls, Jotunheim is a name of a place between the sea of trolls and Ola village.

2. Naturalization (SL) Shall we roast her with an apple in her mouth? said Lucy. (TL) Apakah sebaiknya kita panggang dia dengan sebutir apel di mulutnya? kata Lucy. Explanation: I choose the example above as naturalization because there is word apple on SL and apel on TL, as its translation. According to the Newmark theory (1988:82), the TL is adapting the SL pronunciation, then the normal morphology is become its equivalent on TL. (SL) Princesses live in castle, Lucy pointed out. (TL) Putri tinggal di kastil, tegas Lucy. Explanation: I think the example above is including into procedure of naturalization because the word castle on SL is translated into kastil where the word kastil is adapting the pronunciation of castle and the morphological form is changed by TL to the nearest form.

3. Cultual Equivalent (SL) The capercaillie gazed at him haughtily. (TL) Burung kuau itu memandangnya dengan tatapan angkuh. Explanation: I assume that the example above is using cultural equivalent as its translation procedure because there is a word capercaillie on the SL and has been translated into burung kuau by TL. The TL is using burung kuau as SL equivalent because it is an approximately word of SL where capercaiilie is well known as wood grouse or heater cock by native English speakers (Wikipedia), but the native TL speakers do not know the term of capercaiilie, so the TL translated it into nearest intention of SL. (SL) Oh, aye, agreed Mother. (TL) Ya, benar, Ibu setuju. Explanation: I assume that the example above is using cultural equivalent as its translation procedure because there is a word aye on the SL and has been translated into benar by TL. The TL is using benar as SL equivalent because it is an approximately word of SL where aye is colloquial word of English which means yes (free online dictionary), but the word aye does not exist in TL culture, so the SL has been translated into nearest intention and meaning by TL. I think this is the reason why I take this example as cultural equivalent.

4. Funcional Equivalent (SL) A poker glowed in the coals to heat the cups of cider Mother lined up on a shelf. (TL) Tongkat pengorek api berkilauan di atas bara untuk menhangatkan cangkir cangkir berisi sari apel yang dideretkan ibu di atas rak. Explanation: Due to the word poker has no precisely TL equivalent, I assume that the example above is using procedure of functional equivalent. The TL is using tongkat pengorek api as the translation of poker. (SL) Someday a knight will come riding by, Lucy said. (TL) Kelak akan datang ksatria berkuda, ujar Lucy. Explanation: Due to the word knight has no TL equivalent, I assume that the example above is using procedure of functional equivalent. The TL is using ksatria berkuda as the translation of knight. Based on the most movies or novels, or even tales, knight is pictured as the horse-strengthen troops.

5. Descriptive Equivalent (SL) Odins birds, said Olaf, pointing. (TL) Burung burung Odin*, tutur Olaf, seraya mengacungkan jari. Explanation: I prefer this one as descriptive equivalent because there is a mark on TL when TL is using the same word as SL equivalent, but on the bottom of the page of the translation version there is a short description of that marked word (*) the description has to be weighed against function. The description is described as follow. In the skandinavian mythology, Odin is a king of gods, viscount, poet, and the god of war, magic and authority. (SL) Jotuns follow a trail like a hound. Her servants will come here first. If they dont find me, theyll kill all of you. (TL) Jotun* mengikuti jejak seperti anjing pemburu. Para pelayannya akan darang lebih dulu. Jika mereka tak menemukanku, mereka akan membunuh kalian semua. Explanation: I prefer this one as descriptive equivalent because there is a mark on TL when TL is using the same word as SL equivalent, but on the bottom of the page of the translation version there is a short description of that marked word (*), the description has to be weighed against function. The description is described as follow. In the Skandinavian mythology, Jotun is a terms to call a giant.

6. Through Translation Explanation: Explanation:

7. Shifts or Transpositions (SL) He wore a fine green tunic and brown pants. (TL) Dia memakai jubah hijau dan celana cokelat. Explanation: I choose the example above from my novel because there is a type of transposition. The case that appears in the example is the change from plural to singular, it based on what Newmark said in his theory about translation procedures of shifts or transposition in case of plural to singular. I assume that the problem in here is on its grammatical form. The SL is in plural form, but when it has been translated by TL the form is going to be singular because there is not exists the SL grammatical structure.

(SL) Cold, eh? said Father. He was sitting next to the fire with Lucy on his lap. (TL) Dingin, ya? tanya Ayah yang duduk di dekat perapian dengan Lucy di pangkuannya. Explanation: A complex sentence can normally be converted to a coordinate sentence or to two (Newmark, 1988:85). According to this theory, I assume this one is the example of shifts or transposition because the TL is converting the SL sentences to a coordinate sentence. The underlined words on SL are the TL coordinated word where it has built up a new sentence as SL sentence equivalent.

8. Modulation (SL) Then he was sent out into the wilds. (TL) Kemudian dia disuruh ke luar. Explanation: I assume that the example above is using the translation procedures of modulation because the TL is trying to get the meaning of the word wilds but by the way of TL point of view or perspective as its equivalent, not by the common equivalent, in other words by changing into concrete equivalent of the SL. The TL got the word luar because I think the other sentences before that (on the novel) are supporting the point of view of TL. I think this is the reason why I choose the example above as modulation. (SL) She did not kill them at once. (TL) Naga betina itu tidak langsung membunuh mereka. Explanation: I assume this one as modulation because on TL, the word she on SL has been translated to be naga betina. The sentences that appear in the early are supporting the TL point of view by changing into concrete equivalent of the SL, not with its common equivalent to point out the point of view.