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By:

Jackie Navtani
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Contents
Introduction Available Cars Present Technologies Problems Generally Faced Solutions to Problems Future Car Technologies Advantages & Disadvantages Reliability & Feasiblity References
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INTRODUCTION
What Is Future Car?

Alternative Fuels
Alternative Energy Resources

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What Is Future Car ?


Definitions by Different Manufacturers

A future car is a vehicle that runs on alternative fuels.


Future Car Is simply the Driving Potential Of Different Cars Available now. Future Cars is the car of the future which will decide the future of future. Future car will be the cars with new engine technologies and based on alternative fuels. Future Cars are the cars that will run on alternative fuels and energy resources. Future Car is a vehicle that will give more output in form of mileage at very less input. Etc.

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CLASSIFICATION OF FUTURE CARS

Based on Fuel

Based on Availibility of sources

Based on Cost

Based on Engine Performance

Based on Speed

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Future Hydrogen Cars

Future Electric Cars


Based on Fuel Future Hybrid Cars

Future Nitrogen Cars


New Chevrolet Tavera New ICML Rhino Winner Maruti Gypsy

Based On Cost

BMW 1 Series Aston Martin DB9 Audi R8

Super Cars
Based on Speed

Smart Cars

Nitrogen Cars

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Audi RSQ

Based on Bugati Veyron Engine Dodge Performance Ferrari Electric Cars Solar Cars Based on Availibility of Hydrogen Cars sources

BMW gina

Future Flying Cars

Based on Public Demands

Prototype Future Cars NASCARs Smart Cars

Super Cars

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Available Cars & Technologies


The Worlds Top 10 Car Manufacturers:: 1. Toyota (Japan) 2. General Motors (USA) 3. Volkswagen group (Germany) 4. Ford (USA) 5. Honda (Japan) 6. PSA Peugeot Citroen (France) 7. Hyundai-Kia (South Korea) 8. Nissan (Japan) 9. Renault-Dacia-Samsung (France) 10. DaimlerChrysler (Germany)
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Alternative Fuels

Alternative fuels" are fuels that are not made from petroleum. The types of alternative energy resources:

Alcohols

- ethanol and methanol. Compressed natural gas (CNG) Electricity - stored in batteries. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) Liquids made from coal Biodiesel made from plant oil or animal fat.

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Problems Generally Faced


Old Technologies More Fuel Consumption High Cost Low Efficiency Ignition Problems Excessive Noise Economical Problems Less Working Life Less Overall Output

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Technology
Right now many automakers are gearing up for offering vehicles that are able to run on ethanol or other biofuels (such as biodiesel), which is the path of least resistance for the near future. But, what about longer term? In the longer term, future car technology will most likely involve cars that run on hydrogen Electricity Air nitrogen nuclear power.

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Alternatives

Electric cars also offer an option in regard to future car technology. Companies like Tesla, Zap and Phoenix Motorcars are making headway in developing these vehicles for the marketplace. Two other parts of advanced car technology to note are the FUTURE FLYING CARS that will be taking flight over the next two or three years and SMART CARS that will also be seeing the highways and byways sometime in the future as well.
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What Is The Best Option ?

Hydrogen, electricity, air and nitrogen cars all have had working prototypes built. In fact, in regard to electric vehicles, production models have also been built. But, the range of electric cars and their recharging rate have always been their downfall. According to the experts, hydrogen-powered cars will be the next BIG change in our mode of transport. Even cars will also run using nuclear power.
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Hydrogen Extraction The most common sources are: Water Natural gas :: methane (via coal gasification); Bio-mass ::vegetation such as wood chips and agricultural waste. Hydrogen cars at this writing can run from either internal combustion engines or fuel cells. Some of the current models of hydrogen cars like the GM Sequel have a proven driving range of over 300 miles in real world conditions. . The BMW Hydrogen 7 has rolled out as a lease vehicle and is a dual fuel vehicle that can run off either liquid hydrogen or gasoline.
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FUTURE TECHNOLOGIES
Availibility And Feasibility
Advantages & Disadvantages Comparison & Selection

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Future Hydrogen Cars

Future hydrogen cars will combine technologies with hybrid electric cars or flex fuel vehicles to give consumers more choices and to offer alternatives for infrastructure issues. The biggest problem is the building of the supporting hydrogen infrastructure. Building facilities to create hydrogen, transport it and dispense it from a fueling station on every corner as is done with gasoline now, will take billions of dollar in capital investment. To solve this, dual fuel vehicles that can run off either hydrogen or gasoline with the flip of a switch will be used.
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Advantages

Newer Technologies Less Fuel Consumption Less Cost High Efficiency Simple Ignition Very less Noise Economical Design Longer Working Life High Overall Output
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Disadvantages

Long time process of extracting fuels Hazardous condotions

Toxicity value is high


Difficulty in storage Higher Cost

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Future Car Engines

Future engines in cars will be unlike anything we have today. In the near future car alternative car engines will start to pop up all over the place. One example is the MYT Engine which won awards from NASA for its engineering prowess. The MYT engine is an internal combustion engine that can run on many different kinds of fuels and is 1/10 the size of a big rig diesel engine. Pneumatic engines have been in the research labs for a while. These too will come of age.
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Plasma Engine
Within the next 30 years these hot plasma engines will be perfected for space travel, downsized, commercialized and used in future cars. Radio waves and electromagnetic fields will be used to create future plasma propulsion thruster engines in cars.
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Future I.C. Engine

Wave Number And Intensity temperature Analysis.


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FUTURE CAR PROPULSION


For the next 20 - 30 years more iterations of future plug-in hybrids will continue to have a stronghold on the marketplace as the combination of plug-in batteries coupled with fuel cell or some other future engine will become the norm.

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Breakdown of fuel prices into fuel costs and taxes

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Vehicle characteristics Engine power (kW) Auxiliaries power use (kW) Torque (N m in 1st gear, Approximately ) Coefcient of rolling resistance Coefcient of drag Surface area (m2) Fuel consumption
74
0.3

Components Vehicle platform Diesel engine Basic starter and alternator Gearbox 3-Way catalyst Euro IV aftertreatment Diesel particulate lter Fuel tank Diesel 90% full tank

Weight (kg) 1016 145 0 50 0 0 0 15 23

520
0.01 0.32 2.10 1.77

(MJ km1) Approximate range (km) Maintenance cost (D km1)

Totals
550
0.043
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1248

Societal lifecycle costs for alternative fuel/engine options for carsbase case analysis.

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Future Of Future Cars

Potential future car technologies include new energy sources and materials, which are being developed in order to make automobiles more sustainable, safer, more energy efficient, or less polluting. Cars are being developed in many different ways.With rising gas prices, the future of cars is leaning towards fuel efficiency, energy-savers, hybrid vehicles, battery electric vehicles and fuel-cell vehicles.

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Example : Future Car(Case Study)


Regenerative braking technology saves and stores energy for future use or as back up power. When conventional brakes are used, 30% of the energy is lost in the form of heat (Raunekk, 2009). Regenerative braking uses this energy to recharge the batteries in a hybrid vehicle. Example: BMW's Turbosteamer concept uses energy from the exhaust gases of the traditional Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) to power a steam engine which also contributes power to the automobile (Hanlon, 2005). This can increase energy efficiency by up to 15%. . The Volkswagen 1-litre car and Aptera 2 Series are examples of ultra-low-drag vehicles.

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Upcoming Future Cars

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Check out these hot cars!

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References

Future Car Technologies, Eds. A. Sahwn, Richelle and ,Tata McGrawhill Publications,Mumbai, 2008, pp. 233-262. D.B. Spalding, Fourth Symposium (International) Combustion, The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh S.R. Turns, An Introduction to Combustion Concepts and Applications, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 2000. http://www.future-car.net http://www.4wheeldrive.about.com http://www.futurecars.com http://www.superfuturecars.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_car_technologies http://www.motortrend.com/future/index.html
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