CHNG 3 D LIU TRONG HTTT K TON

MC TIU
So

snh qu trnh thu thp, lu tr v x l d liu

gia AIS th cng v AIS my tnh

Cc Cc Lu Cc Cc

hot ng ghi nhn d liu trong AIS my tnh phng php m ha d liu u vo tr d liu v cc mi quan h gia cc tp tin phng thc x l d liu cu trc t chc d liu

I. C S D LIU

Khi nim : Mt c s d liu l mt tp hp c cu trc ca cc d liu, c lu tr trn gi mang, c th

tha mn ng thi nhiu ngi s dng

Kiu d liu(data type) : Mi thuc tnh trong bng d liu phi c gn mt kiu d liu lu tr chng

Mt ng dng CSDL u bao gm cc phn

Thnh phn x l ng dng

Thnh phn phn mm CSDL

Bn thn CSDL Cc m hnh v qun l CSDL

M hnh kin trc da trn cu hnh phn tn v

truy nhp d liu ca h thng my tnh

Client/Server

M hnh CSDL tp trung M hnh CSDL theo kiu file server M hnh x l tng phn CSDL

M hnh CSDL Client/Server

M hnh CSDL phn tn

CC M HNH CSDL

Ni dung ca CSDL Vic s dng CSDL Cc bo co Cc thng tin qun tr khc

Mc nim

Mc lun l

Cu trc lun l ca d liu

Phn cp Mng Quan h Phng php x l tp tin Tun t Trc tip Tun t c ch mc
5

Mc vt l

MC NIM

Mc nim xem CSDL l tp hp cc thng tin, d liu( nh HBH, bin lai thu tin, thng tin v khch hng) v cc mc tiu no s dng nhng thng tin, d liu ny(nh lp ha n, ghi nhn khch hng thanh tan, i chiu cng n)

Mc nim nhm m t tru tng nhng trung thc mt th gii thc no ca mt t chc, doanh nghip hoc ca nhng tin trnh qun l cn phi ci t mt CSDL

M hnh mi lin kt thc th m rng (EER : Extended Entity Relationship Model)

Phng php thc hin cch thit k theo m hnh mi lin kt thc th gm 3 bc

Phn tch cc yu cu v d liu v xy dng biu m hnh mi lin kt thc th m rng

Bin i biu m hnh mi lin kt thc th m

rng thnh cc quan h

Chun ha cc quan h

Thc th (Entity) Tp thc th (Entity set) Mi lin kt Tnh kt ni

1:1 mt-mt

QL Qun l bi

PBAN

1:n mt- nhiu

Chng t
Thuc Ti khan S d u

Loi

n:n nhiu nhiu

K k ton

AIS TH CNG V AIS TRN NN MY TNH

AIS th cng
S kin nh hng n bo co ti chnh

Qu trnh SXKD

Chng t

Ghi s nht k, s chi tit

S nht k/s chi tit

Bo co ti chnh

Lp bo co

S ci

Chuyn s ci

HN CH C BN CA H THNG K TON TH
CNG
Hn

ch trong ghi nhn hot ng ca doanh nghip Hn ch trong cung cp thng tin cho ngi s dng D liu b trng lp khi x l v lu tr

AIS TH CNG V AIS TRN NN MY TNH

AIS trn nn my tnh

Tao cac DL va c ghi ban au tren chng t

S kin ca qu trnh SXKD

Chng t

Nhp liu

Cc hot ng lin quan n d liu

Thng tin theo yu cu

Truy xut thng tin theo yu cu

Cc tp tin lu tr d liu

Ngi s dung la chon hay tao bao cao ve thong tin yeu cau

DL c lu tr trong cac tap tin lien quan

C IM H THNG K TON MY
c

im ghi nhn v hch ton ban u Chng t c lp bng tay n t bn ngoi h thng k ton Chng t c in t phn mm k ton Cc nghip v k ton c x l t ng D liu u vo c chuyn t cc h thng my tnh khc trong doanh nghip Chng t in t

C IM H THNG K TON MY
c

im qu trnh x l nghip v Cc du vt ca qu trnh x l nghip v khng quan st c bng mt Cp nht mt ln, nh hng ti nhiu d liu Qu trnh x l bng my c thc hin t ng Kh nng ci t cc tnh nng kim sot trong phn mm k ton

C IM H THNG K TON MY
c

im thng tin u ra v qu trnh cung cp thng tin D liu sn c trong my tnh. Thng tin c hay khng c ph thuc vo phn mm k ton v ngi s dng phn mm. chnh xc, trung thc v bo mt ca thng tin cn phi c kim nh k.

NH HNG CA CNG NGH THNG

TIN N H THNG THNG TIN K TON
Tnh

trung thc v ng tin cy ca thng tin k ton Tnh kp thi trong qu trnh x l s liu v cung cp thng tin T chc d liu- thu thp- x l v lu tr d liu k ton Ni dung, hnh thc v tnh php l ca thng tin k ton

TNH TRUNG THC V NG TIN CY CA

THNG TIN K TON
Sai

st v gian ln trong mi trng k ton my tnh Sai st v gian ln v nhp liu Sai st v gian ln v x l nghip v Sai st v gian ln v thng tin u ra Sai st v gian ln v lu tr v bo mt thng tin

TNH TRUNG THC V NG TIN CY CA

THNG TIN K TON
Ri

ro i vi thng tin k ton Phn mm c lp trnh sai Phn mm khng ph hp vi ch k ton Thng tin k ton b mt hay khng ng do li thit b, li ngi dng Thng tin k ton b nh cp, b l b mt H thng b ph hu

TNH TRUNG THC V NG TIN CY CA

THNG TIN K TON
Thng

tin k ton trung thc hp l v ng tin cy ph thuc vo tnh kim sot, n nh ca h thng v nng lc ca ngi s dng h thng nh gi tnh trung thc v ng tin cy ca thng tin k ton trong mi trng my tnh thng gp nhiu kh khn Nhn thc, k nng v cc hiu bit v CNTT ca ngi s dng rt quan trng

TNH KP THI TRONG QU TRNH X L S

LIU V CUNG CP THNG TIN
Kh

nng tnh ton, tc x l, kh nng truy cp, chia s, truyn ti d liu trn mng my tnh gip cho vic x l d liu v cung cp thng tin nhanh chng, kp thi. Cc gii hn v khi lng nghip v, khon cch a l, khng cn quan trng khi t chc cng tc k ton Nu mt ngy khng c my tnh v khng c internet?

T CHC D LIU- THU THP- X L V

LU TR D LIU K TON
S

thay i vai tr ca s k ton v hnh thc k ton S bin mt dn ca cc ti liu k ton giy S xut hin cc khi nim, cc phm tr mi: c s d liu, tp tin, bng d liu, D liu k ton c thu thp v x l khng ch bng vic lp chng t v ghi s k ton Cng vic nhp liu c th khng do nhn vin k ton thc hin

T CHC D LIU- THU THP- X L V

LU TR D LIU K TON
Mi

quan h gia k ton tng hp, k ton chi tit, gia ghi Nht k v ghi S Ci Kim tra, i chiu d liu, thng tin k ton c th khng theo cc phng php truyn thng. Mt s cc phng php, nguyn tc k ton c th b vi phm D liu k ton ca c 1 nin c th c to v x l nhiu ln cho n khi p ng yu cu Kim sot?

NI DUNG, HNH THC V TNH PHP L CA

THNG TIN K TON
Tnh

a dng v ni dung v hnh thc ca thng tin k ton Tnh php l ca thng tin k ton vn da trn quan im truyn thng: In trn giy, k tn v ng du Thng tin k ton d dng p ng cc yu cu ca ngi dng, tuy nhin thng tin k ton trn giy v d liu k ton trn my c thng nht vi nhau?

M hnh mi lin kt thc th

Thc the la mot oi tng, mot s kien cu the can ghi nhan DL trong he thong. Co the co 3 loai:
Nguon lc (Resources)La tai san co gia tr kinh te vi DN, thuoc s hu DN va c DN s dung. S kien (Events). La nhng hoat ong ma DN muon thu thap thong tin cho viec lap ke hoach va kiem soat oi tng tham gia vao s kien

Cac loai thuoc tnh cua thc the

Thuoc tnh ten goi.

e phan biet: phai la duy nhat

Con goi la vung khoa chnh Thuoc tnh mo ta. Mo ta thc the. Thuoc tnh lien ket. The hien moi lien ket gia cac tap thc the.

Con goi la vung khoa lien ket (khoa du nhap).

THU THP D LIU THEO S KIN

M hnh REA

Resources)

Ngun lc no?

S kin g? (

i tng lin quan? (

Event)

Agent)

D liu thu thp

1 m hnh REA minh ha chu trnh doanh thu Resource Event Agent n t hng n n 1 Hng ha 1 1 KH n PXut n n 1 Tkhon 1 1 n Nvin Giao Hng n 1 1 1

Ha n 1 n PThu n

V du cach to chc d lieu theo cau truc quan he- mo hnh lien ket thc the
Nguon lc
Hang ton kho

S kien
Ban hang

oi tng tham gia

Ngi ban

Khach hang Tien Thu tien Thu quy

Mo hnh bao gom 2 noi dung: Thc the, tap thc the trong CSDL Moi quan he gia cac thc the (tap thc the) trong CSDL ve mat logic

CC HOT NG THU THP, GHI NHN D

LIU

bo (Maintenance): m bo duy tr cc d liu v cc i tng thng s dng (Khch hng, nh cung cp, ti khon, nhn vin) Nhp liu (recording): Nhp cc s kin pht sinh theo thi gian vo h thng Cp nht (Update): Tc ng, thay i cc d liu lu tr (s d TK, s d chi tit KH) sau khi s kin xy ra
Khai

CCH THC LU TR D LIU

Tt

c cc d liu c lu tr v c s dng bi doanh nghip to thnh c s d liu ca doanh nghip. D liu c t chc logic theo: vng d liu, mu tin, tp tin, C s d liu

Ky t

Vung DL

Mau tin

Tap tin

CSDL

Cch thc lu tr d liu

Thc th khch hng
M KH KHNN-01 KHTN-01 KHTN-02 KHTN-03 KHTN-04 Tn khch hng Chase Mahattan KPMG Vit Nam UOB Viet Nam Anh Tun
D liu tham chiu D liu tng hp

a ch 29 L Dun, Q.01 115 Nguyn Hu 17 L Dun, Qun 01 142 in Bin Ph, Q.03

M s thu 430121280-001 430421210-001 430011144-001 437821270-001 0302984527

S d 574,565,000 300,090,000 150,000,000 (234,000,000) 0

Mu tin

Cng Ty 58 Nguyn Du, Quang Minh Q.01 Cng Ty Thnh Cng 258 L Li, Q.01

KHTN-05

0302657481

100,000,000

CC LOI TP TIN LU TR D LIU

Tp

tin chnh (Master File)

Lu tr cc d liu t thay i v cc i tng trong, v ngoi h thng. VD: Khch hng, Hng ha Tng ng vi cc ti khon trong s ci hay s chi tit trong h thng k ton truyn thng Khng cha cc d liu v cc s kin pht sinh Cc d liu lu tr c th l cc d liu tham chiu hay d liu tng hp

Tn hng ha M hng XEROX PR-001 HP LASER PR-002 TOSHIBA DESKPRO PC-001

VT Ci Ci B

Ti khon 1561 1561 1561

SL tn 100 20 150

CC LOI TP TIN LU TR D LIU

Tp

tin nghip v (Transaction File)

Lu tr d liu v cc s kin : t hng, bn hng, thu tin Tng ng nht k trong h thng KT truyn thng Lun cha trng NGY ca S KIN, nghip v Lun cha cc d liu v gi c, s lng lin quan n s kin

S hn

Ngy hn

M KH

M hng

SL

Gi

7869 13/4/04 KHTN-01 PC-001 7869 13/4/04 KHTN-01 PC-002 7870 154/04 KHNN-01 PR-002

1 2 3

10.000.000 20.000.000 25.000.000

345 345 567

LI CH CA TP TIN CHNH V TP
TIN NGHIP V
Gim

thi gian nhp liu. VD: ch cn nhp m KH ch ko cn nhp cc thng tin khc ca KH khi nhp ha n bn hng Trnh lu tr trng lp d liu. VD: D liu v KH ch lu tr 1 tp tin duy nht Tng cng kh nng kim sot d liu. VD: Ch c th nhp ha n cho KH c trong tp tin chnh Tin li trong cc hot ng bo qun d liu: Thay i, thm, xa

M HA CC THC TH D LIU

ngha

Cc thc th mang cc d liu s c m ha to tnh duy nht, phn bit gia chng vi nhau Vic m ha s tit kim thi gian v hn ch sai st trong qu trnh nhp liu v truy xut thng tin lin quan n cc thc th Ty theo tnh cht ca i tng thc th mang d liu, s c phng php m ha thch hp

CC PHNG PHP M HA
M

trnh t/m lin tip:

S ha cc i tng theo th t lin tip: VD: MS sinh vin Khng linh ng, hn ch trong vic thm, xa d liu Khng c tnh m t thuc tnh ca d liu
M

khi/nhm:
934673-042659: Nh SX Vinamilk, sn phm sa ti..

Gn 1 nhm cc con s mang mt ngha nht nh: v d m UPC bao gm 6 s u l m nh SX, 6 s sau l m sn phm.

CC PHNG PHP M HA
M

phn cp:

Gn mt nhm cc con s mang ngha 1 v tr, phn cp Nhm ng trc l cp trn ca nhm lin k VD; 01-100-1240 M cty thnh vin-m phng KT-m NV
M

gi nh:

Gn cc k t v trong nhm mang 1 ngha nht nh VD: KH-001 M khch hng, s 001

MI LIN KT GIA CC TP TIN

S Ngy hn hn 7869 13/4/04 M KH KHTN-01 M SL hng PC-001 1 Gi 10.000.000 H 345

7869 7870

13/4/04 154/04

KHTN-01 KHNN-01

PC-002 2 PR-002 3

20.000.000 25.000.000

345 567

Kha ngoi
Kha chnh
Tn khch hng Chase Mahattan M KH

Mi lin kt th hin mt s mu tin ca 1 tp tin ny lin kt vi 1 mu tin ca 1 tp tin khc

a ch M s thu 430121280-001 430421210-001 KHNN-01 29 L Dun, Q.01

KPMG Vit Nam KHTN-01 115 Nguyn Hu

MI LIN KT GIA CC TP TIN

Yu cu mt quan h Mt quan h ch c mt vng kha chnh Tt c cc thuc tnh m t trong quan h phi ph thuc vo vng kho chnh . Tt c cc thuc tnh ngoi tn gi phi c lp ch khng ph thuc vo nhau. c th lin kt cc quan h vi nhau, cn c vng kho lin kt (thuc tnh lin kt). Th t cc ct khng quan trng

MI LIN KT MT-MT (1:1)

MT

mu tin ca tp tin ny ch lin kt vi MT mu tin ca tp tin khc v ngc li. VD: Mi lin kt gia ha n bn hng v phiu xut: MT ha n ch c lp 1 phiu xut. ng thi, MT phiu xut ch lin quan n MT ha n
Ha n 1 1 Phiu xut

1 ha n cho 1 phiu xut

1 phiu xut cho 1 ha n

MI LIN KT MT-MT (1:1)

S hn
1

Ngy hn

M KH

Phiu xut

7869
7879 7888

13/4/04
13/4/04 154/04

KHTN-01
KHTN-01

PX001
PX038

KHNN-01 PX098

Phiu xut Ngy Xut

1

Kho hng
KHTN-01 KHTN-01 KHNN-01

PX001 PX038 PX098

13/4/04 13/4/04 154/04

MI LIN KT MT-NHIU (1:N)

MT

mu tin ca tp tin ny c th lin kt vi NHIU mu tin ca tp tin khc. Ngc li MT mu tin ca tp tin khc ch lin kt vi MT mu tin ca tp tin ny. VD:

Mi lin kt gia Khch hng v n t hng ca KH: MT khch hng c th t NHIU n t hng. Ngc li, MT n t hng lin quan n MT khch hng m thi

Khch hng
1 KH trn 1 H

Hng

Nhiu H cho 1 khch hng

MI LIN KT MT-NHIU (1:N)

H Ngy H M KH Tng gi tr
n n

345 349 567

13/4/04 KHTN-01 10.000.000 13/4/04 KHTN-01 20.000.000 154/04 KHNN-01 25.000.000

Tn khch hng Chase Mahattan KPMG Vit Nam

M KH
1

a ch 29 L Dun, Q.01 115 Nguyn Hu

M s thu 430121280-001 430421210-001

KHNN-01 KHTN-01

MI LIN KT NHIU-NHIU (N:N)

MT

mu tin ca tp tin ny c th lin kt vi NHIU mu tin ca tp tin khc. Ngc li MT mu tin ca tp tin khc cng c th lin kt vi NHIU mu tin ca tp tin ny. VD:

Mi lin kt gia Hng ha v ha n: MT loi hng ha c th c bn bi NHIU ha n. Ngc li, MT ha n cng c th c NHIU hng ha

Hng ho

Ha n

Nhiu hng ha trn 1 Hn

Nhiu Hn bn cng 1 loi hng ha

MI LIN KT NHIU-NHIU (N:N)

S hn
n

Ngy hn

M hng1 M hng2

7869 7870 7871

13/4/04 PR-001 13/4/04 PR-002 154/04 PR-002

PR-002 PC-001 PC-002

M hng

Tn hng ha

VT Ti khon

PR-001 PR-002 PC-001 PC-002

XEROX HP LASER TOSHIBA COMPAQ

Ci Ci B B

1561 1561 1561 1561

MI LIN KT NHIU-NHIU (N:N)

Cc Phn mm Qun tr c s d liu khng h tr mi quan h n:n, cc thng tin trn Ha n c lu tr trn hai tp tin HA N v CHI TIT HA N t ta chuyn thnh 2 mi quan h 1:n
1 n Chi tit Ha n n 1 Hng ho

Ha n

Cc d liu c cng tnh cht c lu tr trn cng mt trng

Cc Trng c thit k sao cho d liu lu tr t trng lp nht

MI LIN KT NHIU-NHIU (N:N)

S hn
7869 7870 7871

Ngy hn
13/4/04 13/4/04 154/04

1
n

MS 1 2 3

S h M hng 7869 7869 7870 PR-001 PR-002 PC-001

n

M hng
1

Tn hng ha XEROX

VT Ci

Ti khon 1561

PR-001

PR-002
PC-001

HP LASER
TOSHIBA

Ci
B

1561
1561

M ha cc thc th mang d liu

ngha

Cc thc th mang cc d liu (hot ng, i tng, ngun lc) s c m ha to tnh duy nht, phn bit gia chng vi nhau Vic m ha s tit kim thi gian v hn ch sai st trong qu trnh nhp liu v truy xut thng tin lin quan n cc thc th T chc cc hot ng, i tng, ngun lc p ng cc yu cu qun l, yu cu thng tin

CC PHNG PHP M HA

M trnh t/m lin tip:

S ha cc i tng theo th t lin tip: VD: MS sinh vin Khng linh ng, hn ch trong vic thm, xa d liu Khng c tnh m t thuc tnh ca d liu

M khi/nhm:

Gn 1 nhm cc con s mang mt ngha nht nh: v d m UPC bao gm 6 s u l m nh SX, 6 s sau l m sn phm.

934673-042659: Nh SX Vinamilk, sn phm sa ti..

Tnh cht ca b m
Tnh

duy nht

Tnh
Tnh Tnh

i din
n nh, tng lai ca b m ph bin

Cc bc m ha

Xc nh cc thc th cn m ha Xc nh quy lut tn ti, thuc tnh hay yu cu qun l lin quan n thc th La chn cc ni dung qun l cn m ha ph hp vi tnh cht ca b m La chn cc phng php m ha thch hp cho tng ni dung cn m ha

MI LIN KT GIA CC TP TIN

M hnh mi lin kt thc th V d HANG HOA HOA N KHACH HANG

CHI TIET HOA N

THU THAP D LIEU

Phng phap thu thap d lieu:

Bang ghi nh, truyen mieng trc tiep

Chng t Nguon d lieu t ong: Thiet b POS

Noi dung thu thap thng cac noi dung c ban

Noi dung c ban hoat ong Nguon lc b anh hng Ngi tham gia trong hoat ong

Cac noi dung chi tiet tuy thuoc vao yeu cau cu the lu tr phuc vu lap bao cao cho ngi s dung D lieu thu thap c chuyen vao lu tr e x ly

X LY D LIEU

Co 4 kieu x ly c ban (vi tap in chnh)

Co 2 phng phap x ly

Cap nhat d lieu (updating): cap nhat gia tr mi vao tap tin chnh
Thay oi d lieu (changing): thay oi gia tr nhng thuoc tnh mo ta. V du: thay oi ia ch khach hang; gii han ban chu Them mi d lieu (adding): them mot mau tin mi. V du khai bao them mot khach hang Bo d lieu (deleting): v du bo mot mau tin ve khach hang do ho khong con giao dch vi doanh nghiep

X ly theo lo
X ly theo thi gian thc

PHNG THC X L D LIU

X

l theo thi gian thc (Real-Time) S kin c ghi nhn ngay sau pht sinh (vo tp tin nghip v) Khi d liu c nhp, s kim tra cc d liu trong tp tin chnh lin quan (khch hng, hng TKho) Cc tp tin chnh lin quan c cp nht ngay C th xem cc bo co lin quan n s kin (bng k, bo co s d KH, HTK, bo co tng hp) ngay sau c nhp vo.

PHNG PHAP X LY D LIEU

X ly ngay theo thi gian thc On- line Real time Processing

TT chnh

8 8

5
X ly d lieu ngay khi xay ra Cap nhat tap tin chnh

/
In bao cao

Nhap nghiep vu ngay khi xay ra

PHNG THC X L D LIU (TT)

X

l theo l (Batch)

S kin c tp hp theo l khi pht sinh (cha c nhp vo my) Tnh ton s tng cng ca l chng t (S kim sot) Cc chng t trong l ln lt c nhp vo my i chiu s tng ca l (do chng trnh tnh) vi s kim sot (tnh trc khi nhp liu), kim tra thng tin trn bo co kim sot l Chuyn l cp nhp cc tp tin chnh lin quan Cc bo co lin quan n cc nghip v ch xem c khi l nghip v c chuyn l

Phng php x l d liu

X l theo l-Batch Processing
TT chnh

=
8 Tap hp cac chng t thanh lo Nhap lo chng t Sap xep tap tin Lu DL trong tap tin tam

5
X ly tat ca cac lo Cap nhat tap tin chnh

/
In bao cao

PHNG PHAP X LY D LIEU

X ly theo lo On- line Batch Processing
TT chnh

=
8

5
X ly tap tin tam Cap nhat tap tin chnh

/
In bao cao

Nhap nghiep vu ngay khi xay ra

Lu DL trong tap tin tam

V D X L D LIU THEO L

Tp tin trc cp nht

Tap tin chnh

TK 111 112 So d 1.000.000 600.000

Tap tin nghiep vu

TK 111 111 113 131 So tien +2.700.000 -2.000.000 + 400.000 + 400.000

131

800.000

V D X L D LIU THEO L

X l cp nht tp tin

Bc
1 2

Hoat ong x ly
oc tap tin ngh.vu oc tap tin chnh

Tp tin chnh So d TK

Tp tin nghip v So tien TK 111 1.000.000

111

+2.700.000

3
4 5 6 7

So sanh,cap nhat TT chnh

oc tap tin ngh.vu So sanh,cap nhat TT chnh oc tap tin ngh.vu So sanh; Khong phu hp; Ghi 111 vao TT chnh

111
111

3.700.000
111 -2.000.000 1.700.000 113 + 400.000

V D X L D LIU THEO L
X

ly cap nhat tap tin

Tap tin chnh TK 112 600.000

Tap tin nghiep vu

TK So tien

Bc 8 9

Hoat ong x ly oc tap tin chnh So sanh; Khong phu hp; Ghi 112 vao Tp tin chnh

So d

10
11 12 13 14

oc tap tin chnh

131

800.000

So sanh, 131>113 nen mau tin Ngh.vu 113 ghi vao TT DL sai sot oc tap tin nghiep vu So sanh, phu hp; cap nhat 131 Het mau tin TT ngh.vu.Ghi 131 vao TT chnh 131 1.200.000

131

+ 400.000

V D X L D LIU THEO L

Tap tin sau cap nhat

Tap tin chnh TK 111 112 So d 1.700.000 600.000

Tap tin sai sot TK 113 So tien + 400.000

131

1.200.000

PHNG THC X L D LIU (TT)

Nhp

liu theo thi gian thc, x l theo l

S kin c nhp vo my khi pht sinh, do s khng tnh ton s kim sot l Cc nghip v sau khi c nhp vo s nm ch m khng c cp nhp vo cc tp tin chnh lin quan Kim tra cc nghip v ang trong tnh trng ch trc khi cp nhp Cp nhp 1 nhm cc nghip v ang nm ch vo cc tp tin chnh lin quan Cc bo co lin quan n cc nghip v ch xem c khi l nghip v nm ch c cp nhp

T CHC D LIU THEO KIU TP TIN

D liu c t chc thnh cc tp tin ring tng ng cho mi chng trnh ng dng khc nhau
Tp tin H Tp tin KH Tp tin HTK Nhp NV HTK Tp tin H Tp tin HTK

Nhp NVBH

Chng trnh BH Thng tin BH

Chng trnh HTK Thng tin HTK

T CHC D LIU THEO KIU TP TIN

M S H Ngy H M S KH

KVBH

NVBH

M hng

Tn hng

Gi

SL

M hng

Tn hng

gi xut

Gi bn

M S H

M S KH

NVBH

KVBH

SL tn

M S KH

Tn KH a ch

Mc TD

KVBH

NVBH

DThu tch

Trng lp d liu lu tr Khng nht qun trong vic lu tr d liu Chi ph lu tr tng Hn ch trong vic kim sot d liu lu tr

C S D LIU
L

mt tp hp c cu trc ca cc d liu, c lu tr cc thit b lu tr c th tha mn ng thi nhiu ngi s dng

Chng trnh 1 Chng trnh 1 H qun tr CSDL

A, B, C

A, B, C, D, E B, C, D, E
Chng trnh 2

Chng trnh 2

C s d liu

T CHC D LIU THEO C S D LIU

ng dng bn hng Lp cc bo co c sn Yu cu

NVBH

H qun tr CSDL

Bo co ng dng HTK H iu hnh Vn tin

NVHTK

Truy vn Bo co theo yu cu

CSDL

H QUN TR C S D LIU
L

chng trnh dng thc hin cc thao tc lin quan n vic khi to, truy cp v qun l d liu, bao gm: nh ngha d liu (DDL) nh ngha mi quan h gia cc d liu Tng tc vi h iu hnh lu tr vt l d liu Tng tc vi ngi s dng thng qua cc ngn ng thao tc d liu (DML) v ngn ng vn tin (DQL)
(DML - Data Manipulation Language) (DDL - Data Definition Language)

U IM CA
LIU

T CHC D LIU THEO C S D

Trnh

c s trng lp d liu D dng trong vic bo dng d liu Qun l d liu nht qun S c lp ca d liu vi cc chng trnh ng dng Kim sot, phn quyn truy cp d liu: Quyn xem, sa, xa

NH HNG CA CSDL I VI
CNG VIC CA K TON
nh

hng n nguyn tc ghi s kp Cch thc cung cp thng tin cho i tng bn ngoi Truy xut thng tin theo yu cu Kt hp gia thng tin ti chnh v thng tin hot ng Thay i vai tr ca k ton trong doanh nghip .,

ANH HNG CNTT TI HE THONG KE TOAN

1.

D lieu lu tr
Tay May Dl tai chnh & khong tai chnh Tap trung de dang chia xe chia xe Dl
Lu tr rieng biet so d theo oi tng Kt va so PS theo nghiep vu Khong Mau thuan DL,

Dl tai chnh

Phan tan, khong chia xe

Theo tng oi tng KT ay u so PS, so d Mau thuan DL, kho thay oi phat trien HT

ANH HNG CUA CNTT TI HTTTKT

2.

Thong tin cung cap

Tay May Thong tin tai chnh & khong tai chnh (hoat ong)
Nhanh chong, Khong b mau thuan DL Bao cao co the do chnh ngi s dung lap neu c phep truy cap DL khong can theo mau nh san

Thong tin tai chnh

Cham, co the mau thuan thong tin Bao cao do ngi lu tr, x ly Dl lap theo mau nh san

ANH HNG CUA CNTT TI HTTTKT

3.

Thao tac
Tay May

Can s dung nhat ky chung, nhat ky ac biet Co the khai bao oi tng ngay khi ghi chep lu tr Dl phat sinh mi cho oi tng

Ch can lu tr ban au DL nghiep vu, (Khong can s dung nhat ky ac biet ) Can khai bao oi tng trc khi nhap lieu, lu tr Dl phat sinh cho oi tng

ANH HNG CUA CNTT TI HTTTKT

4.

Kiem soat he thong ke toan

Tay May

Kiem soat hoat ong kinh doanh Kiem soat hoat ong he thong ke toan

Kiem soat hoat ong kinh doanh Kiem soat hoat ong he thong ke toan KS Chung: thiet lap, truy cap, lu tr

Nguon so lieu Ghi kep

Kiem ke
Bang can oi tai khoan, bang ke chi tiet

KS ng dung
Kiem soat c lap trnh t ong

ANH HNG CUA CNTT TI HTTTKT

5.

Nguyen tac ghi kep