Aluminium

1. 56% growth in aluminium production in the last 10 years 2. 40% of production in OECD, 2004 3. High trade - 75% of production traded 4. Highly concentrated - Top ten companies account for 54% of production 5. International Aluminium Institute - 99% of global capacity

Aluminium emissions
1.
2.

0.9% (estimated) of total anthropogenic GHG emissions

Two production routes primary & secondary

3.

Emissions sources (smelting stage, 80% of primary Aluminum

emissions) electricity: process PFC: process CO2: Other: 011.9 tonnes of CO2 per tonne of aluminium 1.8 2.2 0.3

4.

Recent progress
recycling (secondary production) increasing electricity use: 6% reduction 1990-2003 PFCs emissions: 73% reduction 1990-2003

Primary and secondary aluminium, production and emissions intensity

Production (Mt)

production

emissions intensity

Emissions Intensity (t CO2/t Al)

40 35 30 25 20 15

16

386 Mt CO2 eq.

14 12 10 8 6

5 Mt CO2 eq.
10 5 0 Primary production Secondary production 4 2 0

Primary aluminium electricity use and emissions by region, 2003

kWh/t Al

Electric power use

Electricity emissions

Process

t CO2/ t Al

20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Latin America Europe North America Africa Asia Aus/NZ

20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0

Scope for Progress in Aluminium

1. Adoption of Point Feeder Prebake Cells, current Best Available Technology
(913% reduction)

2. Future
wetted drained cathodes (10-25% reduction) inert anodes (additional 15% reduction) carbothermic and kaolinite processes (26% reduction)