Rules related to neutralizing accent

Mother tongue influence(MTI)

Pronunciation

Vowel and consonant sounds

Inflection(grammar)/intonation(musical flow)(alteration in tone/pitch) syllable stress

Reducing/ slow speech rate

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 Language

consists of Sentences
are made up of words

Sentences Words

are formed from syllables

Syllables

can be divided into vowels and consonants

Pronunciation: A way of speaking a word, especially a way that is accepted or generally understood
Intonation: A manner of producing or uttering tones, especially with regard to accuracy of pitch e.g. question, happy etc. Expression in voice.

Clarity: Making each word clear and forming it properly

Rate of speech: The pace at which we speak needs to be appropriate
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Me ski cheese tea key brief see sea

Sit hymn quiz bridge hit

Day wave paid hey weigh

Bed guess head said beg

break

Bag snack fast cat gas

He paid for the phone and said letz go! I guess he will be lying on bed at this time of the day, said kiran.
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 Kathy

thanked both Theo and Thelma for everything.

Thomas

and Thompson- h is silent

purchase

 Think

thank

thin

thick

thought

theme Thursday author everything something nothing teeth month south for four This that those these then them brother Mother father teethe smooth
Compare the sounds of both the groups
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 Throw

things Both teeth Authors health Thin and thick Thursdays theme Birthdays theme North and south Both things

 Refer

to the diagram and share a dialogue regarding the same.

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 That

clothing These brothers Another mother The father is here This is smooth Bathe them one long th sound

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 These

are teething toys for my children. They use them when they are teething. Natasha is a baby. Shell need the teething toys in a few months. Her brother , Alex, used these same toys as a boy. Clothes, clothing, teething

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13

 Boot

shoe

two

who

suit new

few

flute
Book Boat

put

push

should

could foot sew sow

so

throw go note toe goat oat throat

Bought

coffee

jaw boss taught gone orange walk hawk

talk

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I I I

bought it .

drink coffee.
like orange juice.

* The sound could be / a/ as well

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 Say

could and code- which sound is longer? Say foot and flute- which sound is longer? Say soup and saw- when is your mouth more open? Say dog and doe- when is your mouth more open? Say go and good- when is your mouth more tense and lips more rounded?

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 Fur
Cup Lock

her

work
the

learn
love water

bird
does

journey

about

stop watch

father

pot

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washed the coffee pot dog put its paws on the cot. pause

The

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 Say

cup and cap- when are lips more spread? Say cut and coat- when are your lips more rounded? Say sir and saw when is your mouth more open? Say luck and lock- when is your mouth more open? Say hurt and hut- when is mouth more tense and lips more rounded
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 Read

the pairs below:

it/eat fit/feat sit/seat This/these rich/reach fill/feel pill/peal list/least Hit/heat live/leave ship/sheep shit/sheet pitch/peach hill/heal Short /i/ and long / I/ sound
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 Hear

deer mere pier dear Hair wear care there where Car far guard park Sure cure lure pure Four store door war

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 garden,

butter, learn, hear, carrot, friend, here, dirty, drink, German , cry, finger, four, boring, story
rude book fool full wool tooth pool two, push, pupil, woman, zoo, put, wood, butcher, bull, good

cute

Short or long u sound

divorced,

problem, floor, group, board, sorry

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23

 First

vowel is stronger & longer than second vowel. e.g.1. tie high tide hide/ tight height 2. cow noun how loud/ house out 3. toy boy / noise join
Him hit

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 Eye

when is tongue in higher position? Ow when do lips form smaller circle? Joy when are lips more spread? Say ride & right- which vowel sound is longer? Say my & might- which vowel gives longer sound?
*him / his/ hit- speak and notice the difference
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 'ed'

At the End of A Word

Most

of the time, 'ed' at the end of a word does not mean there is a separate syllable. For example 'liked' is a one syllable word. are some examples of words that follow this rule: liked disturbed performed exposed

Here

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 However

there are some common exceptions, when the following letters come before 'ed' deiotu For example, words that end with 'ded', 'eed', and ied all have two syllables at the end. Here are some words that break this rule: ad ded at ten ded col lec ted a pplied These are two syllable words because d/e/i/o/t/u comes before the 'ed'
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Rules: It is a separate syllable when the following letters come before 'e' aeio It is a not a separate syllable when the following letters come before 'e' bcdfghknpuz ExamplesRule 1: a gree re fe ree mo vie Rule 2: tube type bone mate
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 'c'

is a difficult letter, because sometimes it is pronounced 'hard' like a 'k' in 'cake' and other times it is 'soft like a 's in 'nice.

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Rules: If 'c' is before 'a', 'o' or 'u' then it is often said like a 'k' Examples: 'Academy' 'balcony' and 'acute' all have the 'c' pronounced like a 'k'

If it is before an 'e' or an 'i' it is often said like an 's' Examples: 'Adjacent' and 'acid' have the 'c' pronounced like an s
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The letter 'g' is most often pronounced like in 'go', however sometimes it can be pronounced as a 'j' sound, like the 'j' sound in 'just' Rule: It is a 'j' sound when it is followed by 'e 'i' or 'y' Examples: 'Age' 'cage' 'agile' and strategy all have 'j' sound Exceptions: Begin giddy and foggy. These have the 'g' sound

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The combination 'wh'

This is usually pronounced as a 'w' sound like in 'white'. However there are some exceptions, where it is pronounced like an 'h' sound: Exceptions: Who whoever whole wholl wholly whom whos whose

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 The

vowel-consonant-e rule says that when a single vowel is followed by a single consonant, and then the letter e, the first vowel is said as a long vowel. The letter e in the vowel-consonant-e rule is silent For example: bike file hide mice stripe pile bathe hate love dove bye bite bit mile mill mad made bath bathe
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L in initial position laugh love like look lemon left line lamp lunch leaf life low long live let leg late loose
Love

lemons the left lane like to laugh a late lunch lots of light lots of leaves look at the lamp long legs a light lunch of little London lamp-lighters lit London's little lamp
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Lots

 Say

lap and rap-differentiate the sounds Can you lock it? / can you rock it ? It cant be long./ It cant be wrong. This is a row boat./This is a low boat. Did you see Lonny?/ Did you see Ronnie? Show me the lake./ Show me the rake.

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 Luke

and Lisa live by a lake. They live at the end of a long lane. They like to eat lunch on their lawn. They love looking at the leaves on the trees and listening to the loons on the lake. They love the life they live.

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 Alive

smallest tallest olive ceiling feeling palace calling falling polite valley chilly balloon yellow hello pillow below belong yellow balloon the smallest olive the tallest elephant the valley below ceiling in the palace a yellow pillow the smallest belly feeling alive smelling olives a polite hello

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 Old

bold folded field bald belt felt wild milk help helper wolf oldest dolphin always hallway welcome railway healthy mailman

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Unstressed sound at end:

pencil towel purple final oval puzzle careful circle beautiful helpful

table little middle

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 Stressed
Fail

sound at the end:

pale tail whale Feel peel teal wheel Fool pool tool wool Fall tall Paul File tile while pile Ill hell well youll shell theyll

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 Talk

walk could egg yolk polka dots

would

should

Practice the following: Paul is tall. Be careful behind the wheel. The whale has long tail. Thats a beautiful towel. Do you see the purple circle.

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 Did

they get the goal?/ Did they get the goat?

Where

did they get the wheel?/ Where did they get the wheat? the ball./ Hold the bar.

Hold I

see Carol./ I see carrot.

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 What
How

do you feel?/ What do you fear?

did you pull it? / How did you put it? a wall. / Theres a war.

Theres Lets

choose a meal. / Lets choose a meat.

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 The

early bird catches the worm.

Sound r as vowel:
Dirt

turn serve hurt bird certain fur curtain shirt first circle term person perfect term Thursday work journalist earth heard
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Word

 In

English, we say many people but one ________________.(person,man,woman) In warm weather, what do people put on? (fur dirt shirt) In English, we say ouch! or ow! If we are __________ .(certain, hurt, perfect) We live on planet ________.(earth, Thursday, circle)

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enter teacher other father energy computer perhaps summertime

faster

( stress on the underlined vowel sound, not on the vowel sound next to r. Therefore the sound of r is softer here.)

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Enter motherhood

other energy

perhaps in summertime
the teacher spoke faster a computer the father needs

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 Red

around kangaroo
caring

ran

arrive

road

Very Tear

carrot

forest her

it far off office poor aunt

fear alligators

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 Roary

is caring. Tell her youre sorry. Carrots are orange. Carol and Garry arrived yesterday. Are there kangaroos in the forest? Mary is wearing maroon earrings.

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 Betty

and Barry want to wed. They are ready. They arent waiting. Whats the hurry? asks Terry, Bettys mother. yes, whats the rush?, asks Teddy, Barrys father. These questions make Betty and Barry madder than a rattlesnake!! the rugged rock, the ragged rascal

Around

ran

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 Rare: Rear:

Roane wants her hamburger rare.

Can you check the pressure in my rear right tire?

Reena heard the roar of the river.

Roar:

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 While
He I

we were preparing the salad ..

was wearing a Hawaiian shirt.

was waiting for the bus. we were twelve years old . was he wearing?
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When What

 Steamboat

beautiful uniform station scenery cabins passport job river states different ticket tourists country result suggest success (understand which part is stressed.)

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syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds E.g. water- it is spoken as wa ter

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 When

we speak a word, figure out the number of vowel sounds made while speaking those . If 1 vowel sound is made, then the word has 1 syllable e.g. time, job, states If 2 vowel sounds are made ,then the word has 2 syllables and so on e.g. river, different, habit ,water In 1 word we can have 1 stressed syllable only.
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bring answer awful balloon bored bought cheap clever clothes crashed concrete friend funny ghost habit improve lorry match miner plants played problem shampoo sign (Speak the words carefully and point out the number of syllables. Make column 1 for single syllable and column 2 for double syllable )
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 Col.

1 bring bored bought cheap clothes crashed friend ghost match plants played sign Col. 2 answer awful balloon clever concrete funny habit improve lorry miner problem shampoo

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love hustle and bustle of Christmas. Even while I wrestle with shopping bags, I want to whistle a merry holiday tune. And Im never too busy to share a sweet kiss under the mistletoe.

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I was running down the lane by the lake side when a thief snatched my bag and ran off. I screamed and rushed after him. It was a fake leather bag and not made of real fur. A man ran after him, caught him from his collar and began to pull him back towards me. He hit the thief and shoved him down. Hathaway police station was nearby but he thought of settling the matter there and then. These things dont happen commonly but during Christmas season, it is a common sight.

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Ascent
Forth

assent
fourth

ad
worn

add
warn

Son
Been

sun
bin

horse hoarse
heard herd

blue
Alter

blew
altar

sail
week

sale
weak

Loan

lone

hire

higher
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 Fashion
Precious Pressure Cushion Mission

leisure
garage vision version treasure
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 The

trees have grown tall in the town square. was well known up and down the coast sown town own gown flown brown known crown

He

Grown Down

Notice the difference

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 Rising

intonation: 1. when we ask a question and the answer is either yes or no. E.g. Did he fall down? Do you play any instrument? 2. When the sentence lacks finality/when we are not sure e.g. Reena plays flute, piano and guitar. This is my book.. it was gifted to me by my friend.

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 Falling

intonation: when a normal statement is issued, a definite statement with proper ending. Reena has a piano. She began playing piano when she was 8 years old. Now she enjoys teaching kids . How long have you been playing piano?

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