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Long-Term Management Strategyfor the South Jetty
Grays Harbor, Washington
 
Draft Letter Report and IntegratedEnvironmental Assessment
March 2012
 
 
 
Grays Harbor Long Term Management Strategy for the South Jetty Draft Letter Report and Integrated Environmental Assessment 
i March 2012Seattle District, Corps of Engineers
Table of Contents
 
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................ ix 
 
PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITIES ......................................................................................... xi
 
1
 
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 1
 
2
 
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 5
 
2.1
 
Authority .......................................................................................................................... 5
 
2.2
 
Project Location and Background ................................................................................... 5
 
2.3
 
Historical Events .............................................................................................................. 9
 
2.4
 
1993 Breach History and Expected Future Impacts of South Jetty Breach on FederalNavigation Project .......................................................................................................... 10
 
2.4.1
 
Erosion Concerns and Studies Conducted Before the 1993 Breach ...................... 10
 
2.4.2
 
Details of the 1993 Breach and Immediate Response Actions ............................. 10
 
2.4.3
 
Studies Conducted Regarding Erosion and Related Concerns Since the 1993Breach and 1994 Breach Fill .................................................................................... 14
 
2.5
 
Prior Studies and Reports............................................................................................... 22
 
2.6
 
Project Purpose and Need .............................................................................................. 23
 
3
 
EXISTING ENVIRONMENT OF THE STUDY AREA................................................. 24
 
3.1
 
Physical Characteristics ................................................................................................. 24
 
3.1.1
 
Bathymetry and Geology ......................................................................................... 24
 
3.1.2
 
Hydrology and Hydraulics ...................................................................................... 28
 
3.1.3
 
Risk and Uncertainties Associated with Sea Level Rise ......................................... 32
 
3.1.4
 
Risk and Uncertainties Associated with Cascadia subduction zone earthquakeand tsunami .............................................................................................................. 33
 
3.1.5
 
Water Quality ........................................................................................................... 33
 
3.1.6
 
Sediment Quality ..................................................................................................... 34
 
3.2
 
Biological Characteristics ............................................................................................... 34
 
3.2.1
 
Habitat and Vegetation ............................................................................................ 35
 
3.2.2
 
Organisms Present in the Area and Their Status ................................................... 36
 
3.2.3
 
Endangered Species Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, Bald and Golden EagleProtection Act, Migratory Bird Treaty Act and Essential Fish Habitat ................ 40
 
3.3
 
Human Use Characteristics ............................................................................................ 43
 
3.3.1
 
Aesthetics .................................................................................................................. 43
 
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