REPORT TO THE COMMISSIONER OF BASEBALLOF AN INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION INTOTHE ILLEGAL USE OF STEROIDS AND OTHERPERFORMANCE ENHANCING SUBSTANCESBY PLAYERS IN MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALLGEORGE J. MITCHELLDLAPIPER
US
LLPDecember 13, 2007
Copyright © 2007 Office of the Commissioner of Baseball.All rights reserved.
TABLE OF CONTENTSPage
iSummary and Recommendations............................................................................................SR-1I. Scope of this Investigation.................................................................................................1II. Major League Baseball and Other Sports Must Combat the Illegal Use of Performance Enhancing Substances..................................................................................4A. Health Risks from Abuse of Steroids and Other Widely Used PerformanceEnhancing Substances............................................................................................51. Adverse Effects of Anabolic Steroid Abuse..............................................52. Adverse Effects of Human Growth Hormone...........................................9B. Threat to the Integrity of Baseball Posed by the Illegal Use of PerformanceEnhancing Substances..........................................................................................11C. The Effects on Young Athletes............................................................................15III. The Governing Laws and Baseball Policies Regarding Possession or Use of Performance Enhancing Substances................................................................................18A. Laws Regarding Performance Enhancing Substances.........................................18B. Baseball’s Drug Policies Before 2002.................................................................241. Bowie Kuhn and Baseball’s First Drug Policies......................................262. The Ferguson Jenkins Decision...............................................................293. Cocaine Suspensions of 1983-84.............................................................314. The 1984 Joint Drug Program..................................................................345. Drug Policies Under Peter Ueberroth......................................................366. 1991: Fay Vincent Adds Steroids to Baseball’s Drug Policy..................417. Baseball’s Drug Policies Under Bud Selig..............................................428. 2001 Minor League Drug Prevention and Treatment Program...............44C. Informal Reasonable Cause Testing....................................................................47D. The Joint Drug Program Under the Basic Agreement, 2002 to Present..............50IV. Early Indications of Steroid Use in Baseball (1988 to August 1998)..............................60V. Androstenedione and Baseball’s Broadening Awareness of the Use of Performance Enhancing Substances................................................................................77VI. Incidents Providing Evidence to Baseball Officials of Players’ Possession or Useof Performance Enhancing Substances............................................................................86A. Operation Equine.................................................................................................89B. Steroids Found in Boston Red Sox Player’s Car, June 2000...............................91C. Discovery of Steroids in Florida Marlins Player’s Locker, June 2000................92
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B. Steroids Found in Boston Red Sox Player’s Car, June 2000 for Mitchell Report
Senator George Mitchell's report on steroid users in baseball.
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