Name: Nina Lingga Sari Nim: 09250041 According to Hiphiphurahura stated that there are three differences between

extensive and intensive reading. The first difference is that Extensive Reading covers large area, while Intensive Reading covers narrow area. The second difference is about students activity in class. In Extensive Reading the students activity is more complex than in Intensive Reading. The last, Extensive Reading will discourage the over- use of dictionary (Bell, 1998); on the contrary dictionary is a must in Intensive Reading. From the experts explanation can be assumed that there are three differences between extensive and intensive reading. First, Extensive Reading covers large area, while Intensive Reading covers narrower area. It means that extensive reading is reading long passages that are chosen by students and before the reading process begins the students must have background knowledge about the topic of passage. Second, in extensive reading the students activity is more complex than in intensive reading. It means that in extensive reading the students must make the summary of the passage and have short presentation, in intensive reading the students only have to answer the questions that are related to the passage. Third, Extensive Reading will discourage the over- use of dictionary (Bell, 1998); on the contrary dictionary is a must in Intensive Reading. It means that in extensive reading the students do not have to open the dictionary because they have to guess the meaning of difficult words, in intensive reading the students have to open dictionary in order to make them easier to answer the questions. References: Hiphiphurahura. Extensive and Intensive Reading. Retrieved from:

http://dianingpadmi.wordpress.com/eedduuccaattiioonn/extensive-and-intensive-reading/. Accessed on: 24 april 2012

According to 42explore.com defined skimming and scanning. Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than normal reading. Skimming is used to quickly identify the main ideas of a text. People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of time. Scanning involves moving your eyes quickly down the page seeking specific words and phrases. Scanning is also used when you first find a resource to determine whether it will answer your questions. From the experts explanation can be assumed that skimming is high-speed reading. In skimming the readers do not have to read the whole text, but only the main idea of the text. Scanning is reading quickly. It means that the readers do not read word by word, but only the key word. References: 42explore.com.(2001). Skimming and Scanning. Retrieved from: http://42explore.com/skim.htm. Accessed on: 24 April 2012

According to Uni Learning (2000) defined efficient reading is about reading in a way that allows you to understand the writer's message without spending too much time in the process. It's also about reading with a clear purpose in mind so that you only read material that is relevant. According to Effective Reading INC (2008) defined effective reading as ability to comprehend, or understand, what we read while we read. From the experts explanation can be assumed that efficient reading is reading in short time to get the writers message and before read the readers must have clear goals in mind about what they are going to find out from the text. In the other hand effective reading is reading while comprehending the text. References: Uni Learning.(2000). How to Read Efficiently. Retrieved from:

http://unilearning.uow.edu.au/reading/1a.html. Accessed on: 24 April 2012

According to Weekly Reader (2012) stated that there are 21 concepts of reading comprehension: Explicit Information is information that can be clearly found "right there" in the text. Drawing Conclusions is when you figure out what a text means by using what you already know and information from the text. Vocabulary in Context means figuring out the meaning of a word by looking at the words and sentences around it. Figurative Language refers to words that mean something other than what they say. Genre is a type of text, such as fiction or nonfiction. Sequence is the order of events or steps in a text. Character refers to the looks, traits, thoughts, actions, and relationships of a person or animal in a text. Setting tells you where and when a story takes place. Plot is the events that make up the main story of a text. Cause & Effect: Cause is the reason why something happens. Effect is what happens as a result. Predicting is deciding what will most likely happen next in what you are reading. Main Idea is the big idea in a text. It tells you what the text is mostly about. Text Features are words and pictures that help organize and highlight information. Examples include headlines, photographs, and captions. Classify & Categorize: Categorize is when you gather together information that is the same or almost the same. Classify is when you give that information a name. Fact & Opinion: Fact is information that someone can prove true or false. Opinion is what someone believes about a subject. Compare & Contrast: Comparing is noticing how two or more things are alike. Contrasting is noticing how they are different. Pronoun Reference means connecting the pronouns in a sentence to the nouns to which they refer. Point of View is the viewpoint from which a story is told to the reader. Voice is how an author expresses his or her personality or attitude through language.

Author's Purpose is the reason why an author has written a text for readers. Theme is the message that an author is trying to share with the reader. From the experts explanation can be assumed that there are 21 concepts of reading comprehension. It means that to know the readers have already comprehended the text is by understanding explicit information of the text, making conclusion, know the meaning of the vocabularies on the text, understanding the figurative language, know the genre of the text and the sequence of event, understanding the characters, know the setting and plot of the story, understanding the cause and effect, getting the main idea of a text, predicting what will be happened in the end of story, looking for the text features, and so forth. References: Weekly Reader.(2012). The Concepts of Comprehension. Retrieved from:

http://www.weeklyreader.com/conceptsofcomprehension. Accessed on: 24 April 2012

According to Ali (2010) stated that the purposes of reading are usually related to pleasure, information and general understanding. The purposes are determined by the nature of the material and the interests of the student.

From the experts explanation can be assumed that the purposes of reading are for pleasure, such as reading novel or comic, for getting information such as reading news paper, and for general understanding, such as reading articles. References: Ali, Sayed.(2010). Purposes of Extensive Reading. Retrieved from:

http://carethings.blogspot.com/2010/01/waht-is-extensive-reading-purposes.html. Accessed on: 24 April 2012