2012

2012

14 :
1 nx
, x>0
x
) f .
) ( x , f (x) ) 1 /sec ,

f f (x) =

(t) , A(x,0) , (0, 0) , (0,f (x)) ,

t 0 x (t 0 ) = 4
) t = 0 (1 ,1) , :
i) x(t) = t + 1

ii) (t) [ e 1 , + )

) 0 < x < e :
n

0 < x < e nx < ne nx < 1 1 nx > 0 , 1 nx = 1 nx

x e :
n

x e nx ne nx 1 1 nx 0 , 1 nx = nx 1

f :

1 nx
, 0<x<e
x
f (x) =
nx 1 , x e
x
0 < x < e f ,
:
1 nx (1 nx) x (1 nx) (x)
f (x) =
=
=
x2
x
1
x (1 nx) 1
nx 2
= x
=
<0
2
x
x2
14-26

29

2012

x > e f ,
:
nx 1 ( nx 1) x ( nx 1) (x)
f (x) =
=
=
x2
x
1
x ( nx 1) 1 2 nx
x
=
=
x2
x2

:
2 nx
= 0 2 nx = 0 nx = 2 x = e 2
2
x
2 nx
f (x) < 0
< 0 2 nx < 0 nx > 2 x > e 2
2
x
f (x) f
.

f (x) = 0

f (x)

f (x)

e2

e 2
..

0
..

1 nx
1

= lim (1 nx) = + ,
x 0+
x 0 +
x
x

lim f (x) = lim

x 0 +

lim (1 nx) = +

x 0+

lim

x 0+

1
= +
x

1
( nx 1)
nx 1
1
= lim
= lim x = lim = 0
lim f (x) = lim
x +
x +
x + 1
x + x
x D.L.H x + (x)
0
0

f (e)=

f (e 2 ) =

ne 1 1 1
=
=0
e
e
ne 2 1 2 ne 1 2 1 1 1
=
=
= 2 = e 2
e2
e2
e2
e

f ( 0, +) , .
1 nx ( 0 , + ) , 1 nx ,

, x , , :
f 1 = ( 0 , e]
f 2 = e , e2

14-26

30

2012

f 3 = e2 , +

f x 0 = e f (e) = 0
f x 0 = e 2 f (e 2 ) = e 2

) :

E=

1 nx
1
1
1
1 nx
( ) ( ) = x f (x ) = x
=
2
2
2
x
2

:
E (t) =

1 n x (t )
2

x(t 0 ) = 4 > e 1 nx(t 0 ) < 0

x(t) > e :
E(t) =

nx(t) 1
1 1
E(t) =
x(t)
2 x(t)
2

t 0 x(t 0 ) = 4 :

1 1
1 1
1
x(t 0 ) = 1 = ..
E(t 0 ) =
sec
2 x(t 0 )
2 4
8
) i) t 0 :
x(t) = 1 x(t) = t + c

t = 0 :
x (0 ) =1

x (0) = 0 + c c = 1

:
x (t) = t + 1 ,

t0

ii) t e 1 :
E(t) =

1 n(t + 1)
n(t + 1) 1
=
2
2

t > e 1 :

E(t) =

1
>0
2 ( t+1)

E(t) =

1
2 ( t+1)

<0

(t) [ e 1, + ) E(t) < 0 t (e 1, + )

14-26

31

2012

(t) [ e 1, + )

15 :
f , g : ( 0, + ) R ,
x

x lnx
, x ( 0 , 1]
f (x) = x 1
e 1 , x (1 , + )

g(x) =

f (t)dt
1
2

) f x o = 1 f (1) = 1
) g
) :
i) lim+ g(x)

x 0

ii)

lim g(x)

x +

) g
) g (x) = 0 ( 0, + )

1
1
) g 0 , , +
e
e

) x ( 0 , 1)

f (x) f (1) x lnx 0 x lnx

=
=
,
x 1
x 1
x 1
0

f (x) f (1)
x lnx 0
(x lnx)
= lim
= lim
= lim
lim
D.L.H
x1
x1 x 1
x1 (x 1)
x1
x 1

x (1, + )

lnx + x
1

1
x = lim (lnx + 1) = 1

x1

f (x) f (1) e x1 1 0 e x1 1
=
=
,
x 1
x 1
x 1
0

f (x) f (1)
ex1 1 0
(e x1 1)
ex1 (x 1)
lim+
= lim+
=
lim
=
lim
= lim+ e x1 = eo = 1
D.L.H
+
+
x1
x1
x1
x1
x1
x 1
x 1
(x 1)
1
f x o = 1 f (1) = 1
) x ( 0 , 1] :
x

g(x) =

1
2

f (t) dt =

tln tdt =

1
2

1
2

t 2 ln t dt = t 2 ln t
2
2
1

2

x2
1 1
=
ln x ln
2
8 2

t2
ln t dt =
2( )

1
2

t2 1
x2
1
1
dt =
ln x + ln2
2 t
2
8
2

1
2

t dt =
1
2

x2
1
1 t2
x2
1
1
1
= lnx + ln2 =
lnx + ln2 x 2
=
2
8
22 1 2
8
4
4
2

14-26

32

2012

x2
x2 1 1
lnx + + ln2
2
4 16 8

x (1, + ) :
x

g(x) =

f (t) d t = f (t) d t + f (t) d t = g(1) + (e

1
2

1
2

1
1 1
1
+ ln2 +
ln1 +
2
4 16 8

t 1

(t 1) d t 1d t =

1) d t =

t 1

x
3
1
+ ln 2 + e t 1 1 (x 1) =
1
16
8

3 1
3 1
+ ln2 + e x 1 e 0 x + 1 = e x 1 x
+ ln2
16 8
16 8

g :

x 2 lnx x 2 + 1 + 1 ln2 , x 0 , 1
(
]

4 16 8
g(x) = 2
e x 1 x 3 + 1 ln2
, x (1, + )
16 8

) i) x ( 0 , 1) :

x2
x2 1 1
1 1
1 1
lim+ g(x) = lim+ lnx + + ln2 = 0 0 + + ln2 = + ln2 ,
2
4
16
8
16
8
16
8
x 0
x 0

1
0( )
(lnx)
1
x2
lnx +

= lim+ x 3 = lim+ x 2 = 0
lim+ lnx = lim+
lim+
2 =
2
2
D.L.H

2x
4x

(
2x
)
x 0
x 0
x 0
x 0
x 0 4

ii) x (1, + ) :

lim g(x) = lim ex 1 x

x +

x +

lim e x 1 x

x +

3 1
+ ln2 = + ,
16 8

ex 1
1 = + ,
lim x
x +

lim x = +

x +

( )

x 1 +
( ex 1)
ex 1( x 1)
1
lim e
= lim+
= lim+
= lim+ e x = +
x
1
e
x +
D.L.H x 0
x 0
x 0
(x)

ex 1
lim
1= +
x +
x

) f (0, + ) , :

14-26

33

2012

( 0 , 1) ,
(1, + ), ( ex 1 )
x o = 1 , () .
g (0, + )

g (x ) =

f (t) d t = f (x ) ,

x>0

x ( 0 , 1) f (x) = xlnx < 0

x (1, + ) f (x) = ex11 > 0
x = 1 f (1) =1 ln1 = 0

g (x) > 0 x (1, + )

g (x) < 0 x ( 0 , 1)
g (x) = 0 x = 1
g (x) g
.

0
+

g (x)

g (x)

g(1)

:
g(1) =

4
1
1 1 1
1
3 ln4 3 1
4
ln1 + + ln2 = ln2 =
= ln 3 < 0 , 0 < 3 < 1
2
4 16 8
8
16
16
16 e
e

g 1 = ( 0 , 1]
g 2 = [1, + )
g x 0 = 1 g (1) =

1
4
ln 3
16 e

g :
g ( ) = g ( 1 ) g ( 2)

g 1 = ( 0 , 1] , :
g ( 1 ) = g (1) , lim g(x) = 1 ln 43 , 1 + 1 ln2
16 8
x 0

16 e
+

14-26

34

2012

g 2 = [1, + ) , :

1 4
g ( 2) = g (1) , lim g(x) = ln 3 , +

x +
16 e

g :

1 4
g ( ) = g ( 1 ) g ( 2 ) = ln 3 , +
16 e

:
1
2

1
1
g = f (t)dt = 0 , g(x) = 0 ( 0 , 1]
2
2 1
2

, g

0 g( 2) , g(x) = 0 (1, + ) , ( 1, g(1) 0 )

, g 2 = [1, + )
g(x) = 0 ( 0 , + )
) f (0, + ) , :

( 0 , 1) , ,
f (x) = ( x lnx) = ( x )lnx + x ( lnx) = lnx + x

1
= lnx + 1
x

(1, + ), ( ex 1
),

f (x) = (ex 1 1) = ex 1 ( x 1) = ex 1
x o = 1 , () , f (1) = 1
g ( 0 , + ) , f
( 0 , + ) , g(x) = f (x) x (0 , +)

1+ ln x ,
g(x) = f (x) = x 1
,
e

x ( 0 , 1]
x (1, + )

g(x) = 0
x = e 1
1 + lnx = 0
lnx = 1

x = e 1

x
0
,
1
<
<
<
<
0
x
1
0
x
1
(
]

0 < x <1

x > e 1
1 + lnx > 0
lnx > 1
g(x) > 0

e 1 < x < 1

0 < x <1
0 < x <1
0 < x <1
x ( 0 , 1 ]

14-26

35

2012

e x1 = 0
g(x) = 0

x (1, + )
x >1

e x1 > 0
g(x) > 0
xR

x >1

x >1
x (1, + )
x >1

g(x) g .
e -1

g(x)

g (x)

g (x ) < 0

0 ,

0 ,

1
e
1

1
g 0 ,
e
:
1
g (x) > 0 , 1 (1 , + )
e
C g x 0 = 1 , g

1
g , +
e

16 :
f : R R , :

1
= 0 , x R
x +1

( f (x) )

f ( 1) < 1 < f (1)

(2)

f (0) = 1

(3)

2f (x) +

(1)

) f (x) = x + x2 + 1 , x R
) f (x) > 0 x R
) f .
) h (x) = lnf (x) , x R , :
i) N h (x) =

1
x2 + 1

, x R

ii) N f ,

14-26

36

2012

xx x = 0 x = 1
f (x) x 1
iii) h (x) >
x ( 0 , + ) .
x

) x R :

( f (x) )

2f (x) +

( f (x) 1) =
2

1
1
2
= 0 ( f (x) ) 2f (x) + 1 = 1 2
x +1
x +1
2

x2
x2
2
g
(x)

=
x2 +1
x2 +1

(4) , g(x) = f (x) 1 , x R

x ( , 0) :

x2
> 0 g 2 (x) > 0 g(x) 0
2
x +1
g ( , 0 ) , ,
( , 0 ) .
(2)

x = 1 g( 1) = f ( 1) 1 < 0 g(x) < 0 , x ( , 0)

g(x) < 0 , ( , 0) , (4) :
x <0
x
x2
x
g (x) = 2
g (x) =
g (x) =

2
x +1
x +1
x2 +1

g (x) =

x
x2 +1

f (x) 1 =

x
x2 +1

f (x) = 1 +

x
x2 +1

, x ( , 0)

x (0 , + ) :

x2
> 0 g 2 (x) > 0 g(x) 0
x2+1
g (0 , + ) , ,
(0 , + ) .
(2)

x =1 g(1) = f (1) 1 > 0 g(x) > 0 , x (0 , + )

g(x) > 0 , (0 , + ) , (4) :

g (x) =
g (x) =

x >0
x
x2
x

=
g (x) =

g
(x)
2
x +1
x2 +1
x2 +1

x
x2 +1

f (x) 1 =

x
x2 +1

x = 0 (1) :

14-26

37

f (x) = 1 +

x
x2 +1

, x (0 , + )

( f (0) )

f (x) = 1 +

2012

2f (0) + 1 = 0 ( f (0) 1) = 0 f (0) 1= 0 f (0) = 1

2

x
x2 +1

, x R

x R :
x

f (x) = 1 +

x +1

f (x) = x + x 2 + 1

) f (x) = x +

x2 +1 + c

(3)

x = 0 f (0) = 0 + 0 + 1 + c c = 0 . f (x) = x + x 2 + 1 , x R
) x R :

f (x) = x + 1 + x 2 > x + x 2 = x + x 0
f (x) > 0 x R

(5)

) x R :

f (x) = 1 +

x
x2 +1

x2 +1 + x
x2 +1

(5)

f (x)
x2 +1

> 0

f (x) > 0 , x R , f R
f R , :

f (x) = 1 +

x 2 + 1 x
=

(x) x 2 + 1 x ( x 2 + 1 )
=
=
x2 +1
x 2 + 1
x

2x

2 x2 +1
x2 +1 x2
1
=
=
>0
2
x +1
(x 2 + 1) x 2 + 1 (x 2 + 1) x 2 + 1

f (x) > 0 , x R , f R
) i) h R,
h(x) = ( lnf (x)) =

1
1
x2 +1 + x
1
f (x) =

=
, xR
f (x)
x + x2 +1
x2 +1
x2 +1

ii) f R f (x) > 0 x R,

f , xx

x = 0 x = 1 :
1

E=

f (x) dx = (x +
0

x 2 + 1 ) dx =

14-26

x dx +
0

38

x 2 + 1dx = 1 + 2

2012

:
1

1 =

x2
1
x dx = =
2 0 2
1

2 =

x + 1 dx =

= 2 x
0

= 2

1
2 x2 +1

(x

+ 1)dx = 2

x2 +1

dx +

x2 +1

(x) x + 1 dx = x x + 1

0
2

x ( x 2 + 1 ) dx =

x2
x2 +1

dx = 2

1
x2 +1

dx = 2

x 2 + 1 1
x2 +1

dx =

x + 1 dx +

h(x) dx =
0

= 2 2 + [ h (x) ] 0 = 2 2 + h (1) h (0) = 2 2 + lnf (1) lnf (0) =

1

= 2 2 + ln (1 + 2 ) ln1 = 2 2 + ln (1 + 2 )
:

2 = 2 2 + ln (1 + 2 ) 2 2 = 2 + ln (1 + 2 ) , 2 =
:

E = 1 + 2 =
ii)

2 + ln (1 + 2 )
2

2 + ln (1 + 2 ) 1 + 2 + ln (1 + 2 )
1
+
=
.
2
2
2
(x) = xh (x) f (x) + x + 1

, x [0 , + )

[ 0 , + ) ,
(x) = ( x) h (x) + x h(x) f (x) + 1 = h (x) + x

= h (x) + x

x
1 +
+1 =
x 2 + 1
x 2 + 1

x
1 +
+ 1 = h (x)
2
2

x +1
x + 1
1

(6)

h (x) > 0 , x R , h R
, x > 0 h (x) > h (0) h (x) > lnf (0) h (x) > ln1 h (x) > 0
(6) (7) (x) > 0 x (0 , + )
:

[ 0 , + )

(x) > 0 ( 0 , + )
[ 0 , + ) , x > 0 :
(3)

(x) > (0) xh (x) f (x) + x + 1 > 0 h (0) f (0) + 0 + 1

14-26

39

(7)

2012

f (x) x 1
x

x >0

x h (x) f (x) + x + 1 > 0 h (x) >

h (x) >

f (x) x 1
x (0 , + )
x

17 :

f : [ 0, +) R, ( 0 , + )
:

4f (x) ( f (x) )3 = 1 x ( 0, + )

(1)

f (x) 0 x ( 0, + )
2f (1) = f (1) = 1

(2)
(3)

) f (x ) 0 x ( 0 , + )
) ( 2f (x)f (x) ) 2 = 1 x ( 0 , + )
) f.
) f (x) = x , x 0 , :
i) () f
( , f () ) , > 0 .
ii) f ,
() x x .
iii) f ,
yy 2 ,

4 .
iv) ( , ) , x =
.

) x( 0, + ) , f (x ) = 0 , (1) :

4f (x ) ( f (x ) ) = 1 4f (x ) 0 = 1 0 = 1 ,
3

. f (x) 0 x( 0, +)

(4)

) x ( 0 , + ) :
(2)

4f (x) ( f (x) ) = 1 4f (x) ( f (x) ) f (x) = f (x)

3

4f (x)f (x) = ( f (x) )

2 ( f (x) ) 2 =

1
2 ( f (x) )

( f (x) )2 (4)
f (x) 2 ( f (x) ) =

2

+c

(5)

x = 1 (5) :

14-26

40

2 ( f (1) ) 2 =

1
2 ( f (1) )

+ c 2

2012

1 1
= +c c = 0
4 2

(6)

(5) (6) :

2 ( f (x) ) 2 =

4 ( f (x) ) ( f (x) ) 2 = 1 ( 2f (x)f (x) ) 2 = 1

2

2 ( f (x) )

(7) :

(7)

g(x) = 2f (x)f (x) , x ( 0 , + )

g 2 (x) = 1 , x ( 0,+ )

g ( 0,+) , .
(2) (4), g(x) 0 x ( 0,+ )
g ( 0,+) g(1) = 2f (1)f (1) = 2 1
g(x) > 0 x ( 0,+ )

1
=1> 0
2

x ( 0,+ ) :
g (x) = 1 2f (x)f (x) = 1

( f 2(x) )= (x) f 2(x) = x + c1

x = 1 :

f 2(1) = 1 + c1 1= 1 + c1 c1 = 0
:

f 2(x) = x , x ( 0,+ )

f ( 0,+) (4) f (x) 0 x ( 0,+ ) ,

f ( 0,+) f (1) = 1 > 0
f (x) > 0 x ( 0,+ )

f (x) = x , x ( 0,+ )

f x o = 0 f (0) = lim f (x) = lim x = 0

x 0

x 0

:
x , x ( 0 , + )
f (x) =
f (x) =
0 , x = 0

) i) H f ( 0 , + ) f (x) =

x , x [ 0 , + )

( x ) = 2 1 x

() f
( , f() ) , > 0 :

: y f () = f ()(x )
:

14-26

41

2012

f () =

f () =

:y =

(x )

: x 2 y+ = 0

(7)

ii) f , ()
x x :

1
= ( ) f (x )d x = ( )( )
2
0

1
x dx = (2 )
2

0 x

1
2

2 3
= x2 =
3

0
2 32

= 0 =
3

2
1
= =
3
3
=

..

iii) t :
x = (t) ( )

= E(t)

( )

t o :

x = (t o ) = 4
(t o ) = 2 / sec ,
:
3
1
( ( t) ) 2
3
t o :

E(t) =

E( t o ) =

1
1
1 3
1
E( t ) = ( ( t) ) 2 ( t ) = ( ( t) ) 2 ( t )
3 2
2

1
1
1 1
( ( t o ) ) 2 ( t o ) = 4 2 2 = 2 / sec
2
2

14-26

42

dx =

2012

iv) ()
yy.

x = 0 (7) :

, 0 ,

2
2

y=

1
1
1
=
1 = () = ()() =
2
2 2 4
1
1

> 1 > , ,
4
6
2
, x = ( , 0)

x =
xx ( , 0 )
.
x = (7)
+
y=
,
2
+

:
1
2 = () = ( )( ) =
2
+ (+)2
1
= ( + )
=
2
4
2
:
(+ )2 1 1
(+ )2 1

2=
=
=
2
2 3
6
4
4
( + ) 2 =
=

2 2
6
+ =

3
3

+> 0

+ =
> 0

6 3
=
1 =

3
3
3

18 :
f , g : ( 0 , + ) R , :

f (x) f (x)
, x ( 0 , + )
=
g(x)
g (x)

(1)

g 2 (x) = g(x) > 0 , x ( 0 , + )

(2)

f (1) = 2
g (1) = 1

14-26

43

2012

) f g
) Cf , Cg x = 1
x = 2
) lim(f(x))

1
g(x)

x +

2ex1 2lnx + 3
+
= 0 (1 , e)
f (x)1 g(x) +1

f (x)
( 0 , + ) ,
g(x)
(1)
f (x)g(x) g (x)f (x) f (x)
(3)
=
g (x)
g 2 (x)

(2) g (x) 0 x ( 0 , + ) ,
g 2 (x) = g (x)

g (x)
1
1
=1
= x + c1
= (x)
2
g(x)
g (x)
g(x)

:
g(1) = 1 , c1 = 0

1
1
= x g (x) = x , x ( 0 , + )
g(x)

(4)

H (3) (2) (4) :

1
1
f (x)g(x) g(x)f (x) = f (x) f (x) x 2 f (x) = f (x)

x
1 + 1 f (x) = 1 f (x) 1 + 1 f (x) = 1 + 1 f (x)

x
x
x
x2

f (x) = 0 f (x) = c f (x) = c 1 + 1 , x 0 , +

(
)
2
2

x
1

1+ 1
1
+
x
x

f (1) = 2 , c 2 = 1

1
f (x) = 1 + x , x ( 0 , + )
) [1 , 2] :

2
1
f (x) g(x) = 1 + 1
x x = 1 + x > 0 ,

14-26

44

2012

2
1 + dx = [x + 2lnx]1 = 1 + 2ln2
x

) x ( 0 , + ) :

1
f (x) = 1 + x

1
g (x) = x

1
lim 1 + x x ( 0 , + )
x +

1 + 1 = e
x

xln x +
x

, lim xln x + 1x
x +

ln 1 + 1x

lim

1 +0
lim xln x + x =
x +
x +

1
x

1
2
1
x
1+ x x
1
= 1 , lim 1 + x = e 1 = e
=
lim
D.L.H x +
x +
1

2
x

0
0

) x ( 0 , + ) :
= 1
f (x) = 1 + 1
x

x2

g (x) =

1
,
x2

f (x) 1 = [g (x) + 1] =

1
1 0
x2

[ 1, e] 2ex1 2lnx 3 = 0

h(x) = 2e x 1 2lnx 3 , x [1, e]

h(x) = 0 , (1, e)

H h [1, e] ,
5
5

h (1) = 2 3 = 1 < 0 h(e) = 2ee 1 5 = 2 ee 1 > 0 , e > e 1 > 1 ,

2
2

h (1) h (e) < 0

h Bolzano,
h(x) = 0 (1, e) .
x (1, e) :
1
h (x) = 2 e x 1 x > 0

1< x < e :

14-26

45

2012

x 1 > 0 e x 1 > 1 (+)

1

1
e x 1 > 0
1
x
x < 1
> 1
x
h , h(x) = 0
(1, e)

19o :
f : R R , :

f (x) f (x) = (4x + 2)ex , x R

f (0) = f (0) = 0

(1)

(2)

) f (x) = x2ex , x R
) f
) f .
) 1 , 2 ( 1 , 1 ) , f ( 1 ) f ( 2 ) = 3
x

) lim

f (t)dt

x 1

) x R :
x

e x

f (x) f(x) = (4x + 2)e f (x) f (x) + f (x) f(x) = (4x + 2)e

f (x)e x f (x)e x + f (x)e x f (x)e x = 4x + 2

( f (x) )ex + f (x)(ex ) + f (x)ex + f (x)(ex ) = (2x2 + 2x)

( f (x)ex )+ ( f (x)ex ) = (2x 2 + 2x)

( f (x)e x + f (x)e x ) = ( 2x 2 + 2x)
f (x)e x + f (x)e x = 2x 2 + 2x + c 1

(3)

x = 0 (3) :
(2)

f (0)e 0 + f (0)e 0 = 2 0 + 2 0 + c 1 c 1 = 0

(3) :

f (x)e x + f (x)e x = 2x 2 + 2x , x R
x R :
f (x)e

+ f (x)e

2x

= 2x + 2x f (x)e x + f (x)e x = 2x 2 e 2x + 2xe 2x

2

f (x)e x + f (x)(e x )= x 2 (e 2x )+ ( x 2 )e 2x ( f (x)e x )= ( x 2 e 2x )

f (x) e x = x 2 e 2x + c 2

(4)

x = 0 (4) :

14-26

46

2012

(2)

f (0)e 0 = 0 e 0 + c 2 c 2 = 0

(4) :
f (x)e x = x 2 e 2x f (x) = x 2 e x , x R

) f R, .
x (0 , + ) :
f (x)
x 2e x
= lim
= lim (xe x ) = +
x + x
x +
x +
x
C f f y = x +
lim

x ( , 0) :
lim f (x) = lim ( x e )
2

( + )0

x2
= lim x
x e

+
+

D .LH

( x 2 )
=
x ( e x )
lim

2x
(2x )
2
= lim
= lim
= lim x = lim (2e x ) = 2 0 = 0 (5)

x
x
D.LH x ( e )
x e
x e
x
y = 0 C f

f
) x R :
f (x) = 2xe x + x 2 e x = x ( x + 2)e x
:
f (x) = 0 x ( x + 2)ex = 0 x = 2 x = 0

f (x) > 0 x ( x + 2)ex = 0 x < 2 x > 0

f (x) f
.

f (x)
f (x)

+
0

4 e 2

. .

. .

f ( , 2 ] [ 0 , + )
[ 2 , 0]
f x1 = 2 f ( 2) = 4 e 2
x 2 = 0 f (0) = 0 , lim f (x) = 0 , ( (5) )
x

) f R , ,

14-26

47

2012

.. , [ 1 , 0 ] [ 0 , 1] ,
:
1 ( 1 , 0 ) , f ( 1 ) =

f (0) f ( 1) 0 ( 1) 1 e 1
=
= e 1
0 ( 1)
1

2 ( 0 , 1 ) , f ( 2 ) =

f (1) f (0) 1 3 e 0
=
= 3e
1 0
1

:
f ( 1 )f ( 2 ) = e 1 3e f ( 1 )f ( 2 ) = 3

) t [ x 1 , x ] x < 2 :
f

x 1 t x f (x 1) f (t ) f (x )
:
x

f (x 1) d t

x 1

1dt

x 1

x 1

f (x 1)

f (t ) d t

f (x ) d t

f (t ) dt

f (x )

x 1

f (x 1) ( x ( x 1))

x 1

1dt

x 1

x1f (t ) dt f (x) ( x (x 1))

f (x 1)

x 1 f (t ) dt

f (x )

x ( , 0) :

lim f (x) = 0 , ( (5) )

x 1= t

lim f (x 1) = lim f (t) = 0 , ( (5) )

lim

x 1 f (t ) dt = 0

20 :
f : (0 , + ) R , :
x u
f (t)
x
1 f (t)dt + xln 4 x + 1 + 2ln2 = 1 1 t + 1 dt
x

14-26

48

du , x > 0

(1)

2012

) f

( fx+1(x) ) = x+11 1x , x > 0

x+1
, x > 0 , :
x
i) f , Cf

) f (x) = (x + 1) ln

f
2012

ii) x + 1 = xe x+1 , x > 0

x+1
iii) f (x ) + 2ln2 2 f
, x>0
2
2012

iv)

t f (t )dt > x

2012

f (t )dt

, x ( 0 , 2012 )

) f (0, + ) ,

f (t) dt ,

x (0, + )

f (t)dt = f (x) , x > 0 .

1

f (t)

(0, + ) ,
t +1
u
u f (t) f (x)
f (t)
dt =
, x >0.
g(u) =
dt , u > 0 g(u) =

t
1
x
1
+
+
t
+
1
1
1

g (0, + ) ,
x

g(u)du
g(u)du
,

= g (x) , x > 0 .
x

(0,
+
)
1
1

(1) (0, + ) ,
:
x

x
x

x
f (t)dt + x ln x + 1 + 2ln 2 = g(u)du ,
1
1

x
x
f (x) + ln = g (x) f (x) = ln + g (x) , x > 0 (2)
4
4
f (0, + ) ,
1
1 f (x)
f(x)
1
f (x) = + g(x) f (x) = +
f (x)
=
x
x x +1
x +1
x

( x + 1) f (x) f(x) = 1 ( x + 1) f (x) f(x) = 1

x +1
x
x ( x + 1)
( x + 1)
2

14-26

49

2012

1
1
f (x )
f (x )
=

= ( ln (x + 1) ln x )
x +1 x
x +1
x +1
f (x )
(3)
= ln ( x + 1) ln x + c , c R , x > 0
x +1
1
x = 1 (2) f (1) = ln + g(1) f (1) = ln4 + 0 f (1) = 2ln2
4

(3)

f (1)
2ln 2
= ln 2 + c
= ln 2 + c c = 0
2
2

f (x)
x +1
, x>0
= ln(x + 1) ln x , x > 0 f (x) = ( x + 1) ln
x +1
x

) i) f (0, + )

x +1
x +1

x +1
f (x) = ( x + 1) ln
+ ( x + 1) ln
= ( x + 1) ln
=
x
x
x

= ln

x +1
x x +1
x +1
(x + 1)x (x + 1)(x)
+ ( x + 1)

+x
=
= ln
x
x +1 x
x
x2

= ln

x + 1 x (x + 1)
x +1 1
+
= ln

, x>0
x
x
x
x

g (t ) = ln t [ x , x + 1] , x > 0
... , (x , x + 1) ,
g() =

g (x + 1) g(x)
1
1
x +1
= ln(x + 1) ln x = ln
(x + 1) x

(4)

:
0 < x < < x +1

1 1 (4)
x +1 1
x +1 1
> ln
< ln
<0
x
x
x
x
x

(5)

(5) f (x) < 0 , x (0, + ) f .

:

x +1

lim+ f (x) = lim+ ( x + 1) ln

(x + 1) = 1
= + xlim
x0
x 0
0+
x
x +1
1
x +1
x +1

= lim+ (x + 1) = +
lim ln
lnt = + , t =
lim+
= tlim
+
x
0
x
0

x
x
x

x 0+

x = 0 ( yy )
f .

14-26

50

2012

x +1
x +1 0
ln

0
x +1
x

x
f (x) = lim
= lim
=
lim
( x + 1) ln
= lim
x +
x +
x +
DLH x +
1
x
1

x +1
x +1

ln

( + )0

x x +1
x (x + 1)x (x + 1)(x)
x x (x + 1)

2
x +1 x
x +1
x
x +1
x2
lim
lim
= lim
=
=
=
x +
x +
x +
1
1
1

(x + 1) 2
(x + 1) 2
x +1

x
1
2
x +1
x
x +1 x
= lim
= lim
= lim
=1
x +
x +
x +
1
x
x

(x + 1) 2
y = 1 f + .
f = (0, + )

f (A) = lim
f (x) , lim+ f (x) = ( 1 , + )
x +
x 0

ii) x > 0 :
2012

x + 1 = x e x+1

2012
x + 1 2012
x +1
x + 1 2012
x +1
= e x+1 ln
=
ln
e
ln

=
x
x
x x +1

x +1
= 2012 f (x) = 2012
x

( x + 1) ln

(6)

f 1 1 , = (0, + ) 2012 f ( A) ,
(6) x = (0, + ) .
x + 1 = x e

2012
x +1

, x > 0 .

x +1
x +1
iii) 1 : ( Jensen) f (x) + 2 ln 2 2f
f (x) + f (1) 2f

2
2
x > 0 , f . :
x = 1 (7) .
x + 1

x +1

x > 1 f 1 ,
2 ,
2

x +1

x +1

, x ,
... , 1 1 ,
2
2

x +1
x +1
f
f (1) f
f (1)
2
2

=
f ( 1 ) =
x +1
x 1
1
2
2

14-26

51

(7)

2012

x +1
x +1
f (x) f
f (x) f

2
2

=
f ( 2 ) =
x +1
x 1
x
2
2
x > 0 f f (x) =

x +1 1
+ 2 > 0 , f
x
x

(0, + )
:

x +1
x +1
f
f (1) f (x ) f

2
2 x 1>0

0 < 1< 2 f ( 1) < f ( 2 )

<

x 1
x 1
2
2
f

x +1
x +1
x +1
x +1
f
f (1) < f (x) f
f (x) + f (1) > 2f
f (x) + 2 ln 2 > 2f

2
2
2
2
0 < x < 1
:

x +1
f ( x ) + 2 ln 2 2 f
, x > 0
2
2 ( )
:
x +1
g(x) = f (x) 2f
+ 2 ln 2, x > 0 0.
2
iv) 1 : ( )

h(x) =

2012

t f (t)dt x

2012

f (t)dt =

t f (t)dt + x

2012

f (t)dt , x (0 , 2012]

2012

h f (t) , tf (t) ,
x

h(x) = tf (t)dt + x f (t)dt = xf (x) + f (t)dt + xf (x) = f (t)dt , x (0 , 2012]

2012
2012
2012
2012

x (0 , 2012] :
x

h(x) = f (t)dt = f (x) > 0

2012

f f (A) = ( 1 , + )

h (0 , 2012] ,
0 < x < 2012 h (x) < h (2012)

h(2012) = 0

14-26

52

h (x) < 0

2012

h (0 , 2012]

h (x) < 0 ( 0 , 2012 )

h (0 , 2012]

x (0 , 2012) :

h (x) > h (2012) = 0

2012
2012

tf (t)d t x

2012

tf (t)d t + x

f (t)d t > 0

2012
2012

f (t) d t > 0

2012

tf (t) d t > x

x f (t) d t

x (0 , 2012) :
2012

2012

tf (t)dt > x
tf (t)dt

2012

2012

f (t)dt

2012

xf (t)dt > 0

tf (t)dt x
2012

2012

f (t)dt > 0

(t x)f (t) dt > 0

(t x) f (t) [x , 2012] ,
x (0 , 2012) (t x)f (t) 0, t [x , 2012]
2012

t = x ,

(t x)f (t)dt > 0

21 :
f : (0, + ) R , :

f ( f (x) ) + f (x) = 0 , x (0 , + )

(1)

f (x) > 0 , x (0 , + )

(2)

f (1) = 0

(3)

) i) f (1)
ii) f ( f (x) ) = x , x (0 , + )
) f (x) = lnx , x (0 , + )
) R :y = x +
f
) < 1 ( , f()) , ( , f()) < , ()
f , (, ) ,
(ln 1) = 2

) i) (2) f (0 , + ) ,

11
(1) x = 1 :
(3)

(3)

f ( f (1) ) + f (1) = 0 f ( f (1) ) = 0

14-26

53

2012
f : 1 -1

f ( f (1) ) = f (1) f (1) = 1

(4)

ii) (1) x f (x) :

+ f (x)

f ( f ( f (x) ) ) + f ( f (x) ) = 0

(1)

f ( f ( f (x) ) ) + f ( f (x) ) + f (x) = f (x)

=0
f : 1 -1

f ( f ( f (x) ) ) = f (x) f ( f (x) ) = x , x (0 , + )

(5)

) f (0, +) , f

(0 , + ) , f ( f (x) ) ,
. (1) :

f ( f (x) ) + f (x) = 0 ( f ( f (x) ) + f (x) ) = ( 0 )

(5)

f ( f (x) ) f (x) + f (x) = 0 xf (x) + f (x) = 0

( xf (x) )= 0 xf (x) = c1 ,

x (0, + ) c1 R

(6)

(6) x = 1 :
(4)

1 f (1) = c1 c1 = 1

x (0 , + ) :
x >0

xf (x) = 1 f (x) =

1
f (x) = ( lnx ) f (x) = lnx + c2 , c2 R (7)
x

(7) x = 1 :
(3)

f (1) = ln1 + c 2 c 2 = 0

:
f (x) = lnx , x (0 , + )

(8)

) R , lnx = x + .

g (x) = lnx x , x (0 , + )
g (0, + ) :
1
1 x
, x (0 , + )
g(x) = 1 =
x
x
:
g (x) = 0 x = 1

g (x) > 0 x ( 0 , 1)

g (x) < 0 x (1, + )

g (x) g
.

14-26

54

2012

g (x)

g (x)

:
g(1) = ln1 1 = 1

g 1 = ( 0 , 1]
g 2 = [1, + )
g x 0 = 1 g(1) = 1

:
lim g(x) = lim (lnx x ) =
x 0+

x 0+

lnx

1 = ,
lim g(x) = lim (lnx x ) = lim x
x +
x +
x +
x
x

( lnx ) = lim 1 = 0
lnx
= lim
lim
x + x DLH x + (x)
x + x

lnx
1 = 0 1 0 = 1
lim
x +
x
x
lim x = +

x +

g :
g ( ) = g ( 1 ) g ( 2)

g 1 = ( 0 , 1] , :
g ( 1 ) = lim g(x) , g (1) =( , 1 ]
x 0+

g 2 = [1, + ) , :
g ( 2) =

( lim g(x) , g (1) = ( , 1 ]

x +

g :
g ( ) = g ( 1 ) g ( 2 ) = ( , 1 ]

, g ,
, .
g (x) = 0 ,
1 > 0 < 1
) 1 :

14-26

55

2012

( , f ()) , ( , f ()) f
y = x + < 1 , :
(8)
ln

=1 +
f () = + ln = +

(8)
ln

f () = + ln = +
=1 +

:
ln ln

= 1 + 1 +

ln ln
ln ln

ln ln

ln ln

=
=

h(x) =

(9)

lnx
, x [ , ]
x

h [ , ] ,
:

1 lnx
(10)
x2
h .. ,
(, ) ,
ln ln

10 )
(
h ( ) h ( )
1 ln

(9 )
h ( ) =

h (x) =

1 ln

=
(1 ln) = 2 (ln 1) = 2
2

14-26

56

2012

2 :

( , f ()) , ( , f ()) f
y = x + < 1 , :
(8)

f () = + ln = + , 0 < < 1
(8)

f () = + ln = + , > 1

(x) = (lnx 1) x 2 , x [ , ]

[ , ] , .

() = (ln 1) 2

ln = +

( + 1) 2 =

= ( + ) = ( 1) + ( ) < 0
<0

<0

() = (ln 1) 2

ln = +

( + 1) 2 =

= ( + ) = ( 1) + ( ) > 0
>0
>0

() () < 0
Bolzano [ , ] ,
(, ) , :

14-26

57

2012

() = 0 (ln 1) 2 = 0 (ln 1) = 2

22o :
f , g : R R , :

f (x) = xex +
1
g (x) = e 2x + 2e x + , , R
2
C f , C g f , g ,
, (), , :
) :
3
() y = x
= 0 , =
2
) 1 , C f

f , () x = t , t > 0

) 2 , C g
g , () x = t , t > 0
) 1 (t) < 2 (t) + t e t t > 0

) C f C g f g

(), M(x 0 , y0 ) ,
f (x 0 ) = g (x 0 ) = y 0
, ( () )

f
(x
)
g
(x
)

=
=
0
0

() , y = x

:
f (x 0 ) = g (x 0 ) = x 0

f (x 0 ) = g(x 0 ) =

(1)
(2)

f g R , :

f (x) = (xex + ) = ex + xex = ( x + 1)ex , x R

g (x) = e 2x + 2e x + = e 2x + 2e x = e x ( 2 e x ) , x R
1
2

x = x 0 (2) :
f (x 0 ) = g(x 0 ) ( x 0 + 1)e x 0 = e x 0 ( 2 e x 0 ) x 0 + 1 = 2 e x 0 e x 0 + x 0 1 = 0 (3)

h(x) = e x + x 1 , x R
x R :

h(x) = ( e x + x 1) = e x + 1 > 0

14-26

58

2012

h R , 1 1
(3) :
11

h ( x 0 ) = h (0 ) x 0 = 0

x 0 = 0 (1) :

f (0) = 0 = 0
1
1
3
g (0) = 0 e0 + 2e0 + = 0 = 2 + =
2
2
2
x 0 = 0 (2) :
f (0) = = ( 0 + 1)e0 = 1
() : y = x
) x R :

f (x) = ( x + 1)ex
f (x) = ( ( x + 1)e x ) = e x + ( x + 1)e x = ( x + 2)e x
:

f (x) = ( x + 2)ex > 0 x [ 0 , + ) (2 , + )

f [ 0 , + ) , C f
() : y = x , :
f (x) x f (x) x 0 x [ 0 , + )

x = 0 ( )
1 , C f
f , () x = t , t > 0 , :
t

E1 (t) =

( f (x) x ) dx = (xe x)dx = xe dx xdx = x(e ) dx xdx =

x

t
1
1
= xe (x) e dx x 2 = te t e x dx t 2 =
0
0
2
2
0
0
x

1
1
= te t e t + 1 t 2 = te t e t t 2 + 1 , t > 0
2
2

) x R :

g(x) = ex ( 2 ex ) = e2x + 2ex

g(x) = ( e2x + 2e x ) = 2e2x + 2e x = 2e x (1 e x )
:

g(x) = 2ex (1 ex ) < 0 x (0 , + )

g [ 0 , + ) , [ 0 , + ) ,
C g () : y = x ,
:

g (x) x g (x) x 0 x [ 0 , + )

14-26

59

2012

x = 0 ( )
2 , C g
g , () x = t , t > 0 , :
t

t
1
3
1
E2 (t) = ( x g(x) ) dx = x dx g(x)dx = x 2 e2x + 2ex dx =
0
2
2
2
0

t
t
1
1
3
1
1
3
= t 2 + e 2x 2 e x + (t 0) = t 2 + e2t 1 2 ( e t 1) + t =
0
0
2
4
2
2
4
2
1
1
1
3
1
1
3
7
= t 2 + e 2t 2e t + 2 + t = e 2t 2e t + t 2 + t + , t > 0
2
4
4
2
4
2
2
4
) t > 0 :
E 1 (t) < E 2 (t) + t e t
1
1
1
3
7
te t e t t 2 + 1 < e 2t 2e t + t 2 + t + + te t
2
4
2
2
4
1
3
3
e t e 2t t 2 t < 0 , t > 0
4
2
4

1
3
3
(t) = e t e 2t t 2 t , t 0 )
4
2
4
t > 0 :
1
3
(t) = e t e 2t 2t
2
2

1
3

(t) = et e2t 2t = et e2t 2 = et (1 et ) 2

2
2

(t) = et (1 et ) 2 < 0 , t > 0

<0

t > 0 e t > e0 e t > 1 1 e t < 0

[ 0 , + ) ,
[0,+)
t > 0 :

t > 0 (t) < (0)

(0) = 1

1 3
= 1 < 0
2 2

(t) < 0 , t > 0

14-26

60

2012

[ 0 ,+ )
[0,+)
t > 0 :

t > 0 (t) < (0)

1
3
1 3
(0) = e 0 e 0 = 1 = 0
4
4
4 4

(t) < 0 , t > 0

1 ( t ) < 2 ( t ) + t e t , t > 0

23 :
) f : [ 0, ] R , > 0 f ( x) + f (x) 0 x [ 0, ]

f (x)
dx =
f ( x) + f (x)

) f(x) = x , 0 x

f ( x)
dx
f ( x) + f (x)

(1)

, :
2

i) =

x + x d x
0

ii) g g(x) > 0 x 0 ,
2

( f (x)g (x) ) = f (x) g(x) x 0 , (1) ,

2

0 , , 2g() = g()
2

) x = u , x = u dx = du

x = 0 u = x = u = 0
:

f (x)
dx =
f ( x) + f (x)

f ( u)
( du) =
f (u) + f ( u)

14-26

61

f ( u)
du =
f ( u) + f (u)

f ( u)
du =
f ( u) + f ( u)

2012

f ( x)
dx
f ( x) + f ( x)

) i) f (x) = x , x 0 ,

f x + f (x) = x + x = x + x 0 x 0 ,
2

2
2

(1) :
2

, f (x) = x =

x
dx =

x + x
2

x
dx =
x + x

x
2

dx

x + x
2

x
dx
x + x

x
dx
x + x

J=

x
dx
x + x

=J

+J =

x
dx +
x + x

2 =

x
dx =
x + x

x + x
dx =
x + x

1dx =

= ,
2
4

dx =
x + x
4

ii) f , g 0 ,

f g 0 , ,
2

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62

,
2

2012

( f (x )g (x ) ) = f (x ) g (x ) + f (x ) g(x ) ,

x0 ,

(2)

(1) (2) :

f (x) g (x) + f (x)g(x) = f (x)g(x) , x 0 ,

(3)

x 0 , f (x) = x f (x) = x , (3) :

2

(x) g(x) + x g(x) = (x) g(x)

( x + x ) g ( x ) = x g ( x )

g ( x )
x

=
, x0 ,
g (x )
x + x
2

(4)

(4)
g(x)
dx =
g (x)

dx =
x + x
4

lng (x) 20 = lng lng(0) =

4
2
4

(5)

h (x) = lng (x) , x 0 ,

2

h 0 ,

g(x)
, h(x) = ( lng (x) )=

g (x)
2

h .. ,

0 , ,
2

lng lng (0) (5)

h (0)
g()
2
h() = 2

g
()
0
2
2

g() 4
g() 1
=

= 2g() = g ()

g ()
g () 2
2
h

24 :
f : (0, + ) R , :

xf (x) + x 2f (x) = 2 , x (0 , + )

(1)

f (1) = 0

(2)

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63

2012

f (1) = 2

(3)

) f(x) = ln2x + 2lnx , x (0 , + )

) , C f
f , xx x = 1 x = e

1
2

) lim

+ f (x)dx
ln + 1

) x (0 , + ) :
x >0

x f (x) + x 2 f (x) = 2 f (x) + xf (x) =

( xf (x) )= ( 2lnx ) xf (x) = 2lnx + c1 , c1 R

(4)

(4) x = 1 :
(3)

1 f (1) = 2ln1 + c1 c1 = 2

x (0 , + ) :
x >0

x f (x ) = 2lnx + 2 f (x ) = 2 lnx

1
1
+2
x
x

f (x) = 2lnx ( lnx )+ 2 ( lnx ) f (x) = ln2x + 2lnx

f (x) = ln 2 x + 2lnx + c2 , c2 R

(5)

(5) x = 1 :
(2)

f (1) = ln 2 1 + 2ln1 + c 2 c 2 = 0

f (x) = ln 2 x + 2lnx , x (0 , + )
) f [1, e ] f (x ) 0 x [1, e] ,

, C f f ,
xx x = 1 x = e , :
e

E=

f (x )dx = ( ln
1

x + 2ln x dx = (x ) ln x dx + 2 ln x dx =

1
e

1
= [x ln2 x]1e 2 xlnx dx + 2 lnxdx = eln2 e 2 lnxdx + 2 lnxdx = e
x
1
1
1
1

) ,
:

1 f (x) dx = [x ln

14-26

x]1

2 lnx dx + 2 lnx dx = ln 2

64

(6)

2012

(1, + ) :

lim

+ f (x)dx
1
2

ln + 1

+ ln 2
= lim
=
+ ln 2 + 1

(6)

ln 2 1 +
1+

2
ln 2
ln = lim
= lim
= 1 ,
+
1 + 1 + 1
2
ln 1 +

2
ln 2
ln

1
=0
+ ln 2

lim ( ln 2 ) = + , lim
+

1
lim 1 +
=1
2
+

ln

1
1

2
2
2
2
ln
ln
ln
ln
ln 2

1
1
lim
= lim
=0

2
2
+
ln + ln

, :

lim

= 0 , lim 1 +
=1
2

ln
ln 2

25o :
x3

f (x) =

t2

dt . :

) f R
) C f f , (0, 0)
xx
) f (x)

1 9
x x 0
3

) 6 x2f (x)dx 2 ex dx = 1 e
2

t2

t
) e R, h(x) = e dt R,

f (x) = h ( x 3 ) R,
:

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65

2012

f (x) = ( h ( x 3 ) ) = h( x 3 )( x 3 ) = e x 3x 2 = 3x 2 e x , x R
6

) C f f ,
( 0 , 0 ) :

() : y f (0) = f (0) ( x 0 )
:
0

f ( 0) = e t dt = 0

f (0) = 0 e0 = 0

() : y 0 = 0 ( x 0 ) y = 0
, xx C f f ,
(0, 0)
)

:
1 9
x , x R
3
g , :
g (x ) = f (x )

g ( x ) = f ( x ) 3x 8 = 3x 2 e x 3x 8 = 3x 2 e x x 6 , x R

x R :

ex x + 1 > x ( )
:
6

e x > x 6 , x R

g ( x ) = 3x 2 e x x 6 > 0 , x R

:
g R
g R

,
g (x) > 0 R

x 0 :
g
1
1
x 0 g (x) g (0) f (x ) x 9 0 f (x ) x 9
3
3

) :
1

6 x f (x )dx = 2 3x f (x )dx = 2 ( x 3 ) f (x )dx =

0

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66

2012

1
1
3

1
3

= 2 x f (x) x f (x)dx = 2f (1) 2 x3 f (x)dx =

0

0
0

x2

= 2 e dx
0

5 x6

6x e dx = 2 e d x

x2

= 2 e dx
0

(e
0

x2

x6

) dx = 2

e x ( x 6 )dx =

6
2
e dx ex = 2 ex dx e + 1
0

x2

:
1

6 x 2 f (x)dx = 2 e x d x e + 1
0

:
1

6 x f (x)dx 2 e x d x = 1 e
2

26 :
f : R R , :
x

2x + t f (t)dt = ( f (t)dt)du xx + 2 , x R (1)

f (0) = 0

(2)

f (0) =

(3)

) f R

) f (x) = 1 x , x R
) :
i) () C f f
2
3
ii) C f

f , () C f x =
x =

2
3

4
3

) H f R , g(u) = f (t) dt
0

R , R , g(u)du = f (t)dt du R.
0
00

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67

2012
x

0 tf (t) dt

tf (t) R ,

R . 2x xx + 2 R
(1) :
x

2x + xf (x) = f (t) dt x xx
0

xf (x) = f (t) dt + x xx , x R

(4)

(4) x ( , 0) (0 , + ) :
x

0 f (t) dt + x xx

f (x) =

(5)
x
f (,0) (0, +) ,
f
.
(3) f x 0 = 0 ,
R
:
x ( , 0) (0 , + ) :
f (x) f (0)
x 0
x

= f (0) = lim

f (0) = 0

= lim

x 0

f (x)
x

(6)

:
x

f (x) (6)
= lim
lim
x 0 x
x0

= lim

x 0

= lim
x 0

f (t)dt + x xx
0

x2

D.L.H

f (x ) + x x + xx
=
2x

f (x) + xx 1
f (x)
1
= lim
+ x =
x

0
2x
2
x
2

, (6) :
=

0
0

1
2 = = 0
2

) (4) :
x

( xf (x) )= f (t) dt + x xx
0

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68

2012

f (x)+ xf (x) = f (x)+ x x + xx

xf (x) = xx , x R
(,0) (0, +) :

f (x) = x = (x)
:

x + c1 , x ( , 0)

f (x) =
0
, x =0
x + c , x (0 , + )
2

H f R , x 0 = 0 , :

lim f (x) = lim f (x) = f (0)

x 0

x 0+

lim (x + c1 ) = lim (x + c2 ) = 0

x 0

x 0+

0 + c1 = 0 + c 2 = 0
1 + c1 = 1 + c 2 = 0 c1 = c 2 = 1

x + 1 , x ( , 0)

f (x) =
0
, x =0
f (x) = 1 x , x R
x + 1 , x (0 , + )

) i) :

2
f
3

= 1 =
= 1
3
3

1 3

= 1 = 1 + = 1 + =
3
3
2 2

3
2

f
= = =
=
3
3
3 2
3

Cf
:y

2
:
3

3
3
2
3
9 2 3
=
x+
x
y=
2
2
3
2
6

2 4
,
ii)
f , :
3
3
f (x) = x f (x) = x < 0
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69

2012

f .
() C f

2
,
3

C f
C f
f , () C f x =
x=

4
:
3

E=

4
3

3
9 2 3
+

x
f
(x)

dx =

6
2 2

4
3

2
3

3
9 2 3
x+
1 dx =
x +
2
6

= [x] 23 +
3

3 162 42 3 2 3 2

=
+
4 9
9
6
3

32 + 3 9 3
9

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70