1

INGENIERA EN PROCESOS Y
OPERACIONES INDUSTRIALES

C. Dr. Julio Csar Hernndez Jimnez
SERIES DE FOURIER
Instituto Tecnolgico de Atitalaquia
2
TEORA PRELIMINAR
Funcin Peridica
Ejemplos de algunas funciones peridicas
Si f(t) es una funcin peridica con periodo T, entonces f(t)=f(t+T).
De la definicin se tiene inmediatamente que f(t)=f(t+nT).
El periodo T es en general un numero real.
( ) cos( ) f t t = ( ) sen( ) f t t =
3
Identidades Trigonomtricas tiles
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
sen sen cos sen cos o | o | | o =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
cos cos cos sen sen o | o | | o =
2
1 cos(2 )
sen
2
o
o

=
2
1 cos(2 )
cos
2
o
o
+
=
2 2
sen cos 1 o o + =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
cos cos
cos cos
2
m n x m n x
mx nx
+ + ( (

=
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
sen sen
sen cos
2
m n x m n x
mx nx
+ + ( (

=
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
cos cos
sen sen
2
m n x m n x
mx nx
+ ( (

=
4
Integrales tiles I (demostrarlas)
0
1
cos cos
1
L
L
si m n
m t n t
dt
si m n L L L
t t

| | | |
=

| |
=
\ . \ .

}
0
1
sen sen
1
L
L
si m n
m t n t
dt
si m n L L L
t t

| | | |
=

| |
=
\ . \ .

}
1
cos sen 0
L
L
m t n t
dt
L L L
t t

| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
}
1 0
1
cos
0 0
L
L
si m
m t
dt
si m L L
t

| |
=

|
=
\ .

}
1
sen 0
L
L
n t
dt
L L
t

| |
=
|
\ .
}
5
Series de Fourier
Definicin
Si f(t) es una funcin peridica con periodo P=2L, se define una serie de
Fourier como:




Donde (deducir)
0
1
( ) cos sen
2
n n
n
a n t n t
f t a b
L L
t t

=
(
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

0
1
( )
L
L
a f t dt
L

=
}
1
( ) cos
L
n
L
n t
a f t dt
L L
t

| |
=
|
\ .
}
1
( )sen
L
n
L
n t
b f t dt
L L
t

| |
=
|
\ .
}
6 6
( )
( ) ( )
2
sen cos
sen
at t at
t at dt c
a a
= +
}
( )
( ) ( )
2
cos sen
cos
at t at
t at dt c
a a
= + +
}
Integrales tiles II (demostrarlas)
( ) ( ) ( )
1
sen cos cos
n n n
u u dt u u n u u dt

= +
} }
( ) ( ) ( )
1
cos sen sen
n n n
u u dt u u n u u dt

=
} }
( )
( ) ( )
2 2
sen cos
sen
at
at
e a bt b bt
e bt dt
a b
(

=
+
}
( )
( ) ( )
2 2
cos sen
cos
at
at
e a bt b bt
e bt dt
a b
+ (

=
+
}
Ejemplos de algunas funciones peridicas
7 7
Seal cuadrada
0 0
( )
0
si L x
f t
c si x L
s <

=

s <

0
1
( ) cos sen
2
n n
n
a n t n t
f t a b
L L
t t

=
(
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

| |
0
0
0
1 1
( ) ( ) 0
L
L L
L
ct c
a f t dt c dt L c
L L L L

= = = = =
} }
0
1
( ) cos cos 0
L L
n
L
n t c n t
a f t dt dt
L L L L
t t

| | | |
= = =
| |
\ . \ .
} }
( )
0
1
( )sen sen 1 cos
L L
n
L
n t c n t c
b f t dt dt n
L L L L n
t t
t
t

| | | |
= = = (
| |

\ . \ .
} }
1
1 ( 1)
( ) sen
2
n
n
c n t
f t c
n L
t
t

=
(

| |
= +
| (
\ .

8 8
Seal rampa
0 0
( )
0
si x
f t
t si x
t
t
s <

=

s <

0
1
( ) cos sen
2
n n
n
a n t n t
f t a b
L L
t t

=
(
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

2 2
0
0
0
1 1 0
( )
2 2 2 2
t
a f t dt t dt
t
t t
t
t t
t t t t t

= = = = =
} }
( )
( ) ( )
2
0
cos 1 1
1
( ) cos
n
n
t nt
a f t nt dt dt
n
t t
t
t t t

= = =
} }
( ) ( )
( )
1
0
1
1 1
( )sen sen
n
n
b f t nt dt t nt dt
n
t t
t
t t
+

= = =
} }
( )
( )
1
2
1
cos
( 1)
( ) sen
4 2
n
impares n
nt
f t nt
n n
t t
+

=
( (

= +
( (


9 9
Seal diente de sierra
1 0
( )
0 1
t si x
f t
t si x
s <

=

s <

0
1
( ) cos sen
2
n n
n
a n t n t
f t a b
L L
t t

=
(
| | | |
= + +
| |
(
\ . \ .

1 1
0
1 0
( ) 2 1 a f t dt t dt

= = =
} }
( ) ( )
( )
1
2
1 0
1 1
cos 2 cos 2
( )
n
n
a t n t dt t n t dt
n
t
t t
t

= = =
} }
( )
1
1
sen 0
n
b t n t dt t

= =
}
( )
2
1 4
( ) cos
2 ( )
impares
f t n t
n
t
t

(
= +
(

CONTINUARA
10 10