NCRDS STERLING INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES SUBJECT RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

PROJECT ON Understanding Awareness Of Environment Amongst The People

Submitted to: Prof. Shirish Bhakare

Submitted by: Abhishek Belsare Praful Chandanshiv Prashant Chaudhari Sanket Dabholkar Swapnali Deokar 01 02 03 04 06

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our gratitude towards Prof. Shirish Bhakre to give us an opportunity to conduct a survey under their kind co-operation and encouragement which help us in completion of this project.

We have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals. We would like to extend our sincere thanks to all of them those who help us.

Through this project may not be successful, if it would be our utmost pleasure to express our warm thanks to you for your encouragement, co-operation and consent without which we might not be able to successfully accomplish this project.

we would like to express our special gratitude and thanks to Raj petrol pump (HP Petroleum)for granting permission us to conduct our questionnaire surveys at the petrol pump. We also thank everyone who helped us and each one of us who take a initiative and using their best knowledge for making this project successful.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents

BACKGROUND LITERATURE REVIEW OBJECTIVE DATA ANALYSIS CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATION LIMITATIONS LEARNING FROM STUDY APPENDIX BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 2 5 6 14 15 17 18 19 22

LIST OF DIAGRAM /CHART

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 8 Figure 7 Figure 9 Figure 10 6 6 7 8 9 9 10 10 12 13

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A survey was conducted to understand peoples perception about efficient/alternate fuels like CNG/LPG for cars. A questionnaire was prepared for the survey which was filled up by the non-commercial car drivers. Non-commercial drivers were selected as the sample because the focus of the survey is to check out peoples awareness about efficient fuel and their benefits. The survey was very helpful as it thrower light on peoples awareness about availability of fuel efficient cars, would they prefer buying fuel efficient cars, damage caused to environment due to air pollution by fuels like petrol and diesel. The survey also helped to understand the likings and disliking of an individual while purchasing a car or what are the factors that are considered by him/her while buying a new car. The survey was conducted at petrol pumps as it is the only place where the potential car driver could be found and to find out which type of fuel is used for his/her car. The survey was conducted at petrol pumps in areas like Mumbai, Navi-Mumbai & Thane etc which are densely populated consisting lot of car drivers. The findings of the survey were studied and it was found out that 26.53% of people use petrol cars, 20.4% of people use diesel cars, and 53.06% of people use alternate fuels out of total number of 49 surveys done. The findings of the survey are detailed below according to data obtained.

BACKGROUND
There was questionnaire prepared by student for the making the survey to be conducted was related to the Environmental awareness about using eco friendly vehicle. The mainly focus was given on the AUTOMOBILES SECTOR.

The students were given a questionnaire related to the survey which was given by student to non commercial vehicles users in order to check the environmental awareness among them

The survey was conducted at different petrol pumps across different location around Mumbai, Thane etc. The research was completed by the student within two week as per the nearest location petrol pump.

The questionnaire included the priorities given to various factor regarding the automobile like Mileage, Fuel type used, Affordability and the willingness to spend for eco-friendly automobile The research has mostly focused on the consumer really have knowledge and is they have awareness about the environment degradation due to usage of fuel.

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LITERATURE REVIEW

Recently, an alarming phenomenon has been taking place. In the last few months, fuel prices have been increasing at high rates which have led to individuals rethinking their automobile purchases. For those people who are currently in the market for a new vehicle, the high price of fuel has pushed them to consider other, more fuel efficient automobiles. Another most important reason why car buyers are looking into the purchase of a more fuelefficient car is due to the environment pollution. The less fuel a car uses, the more environment friendly that vehicle is. There are a number of different types of pollution which are directly related to automobile use. Therefore individuals are looking out for vehicles that will use eco-friendly fuel to make the car sound environment friendly overall. Those who loved petrol, scoffed at it, and those who admired diesel ridiculed it as its poor Cousin. But no more. Increasingly worried over frequent rise in the prices of petrol and diesel, car buyers have fallen in love with compressed natural gas (CNG) that offers higher fuel efficiency and lower running cost. And carmakers are quick to take note of this trend. "We were expecting this to happen, that's why our CNG-based models have been consistently doing well. But the recent demand has increased the waiting period for CNG models, says Maruti Suzuki India CGM (Marketing) Shashank Srivastava. India's largest carmaker launched five petrol cars-Sx4, Alto, WagonR, Estilo and Eeco -with CNG-integrated injectors in November last year to cater to the demand for the clean fuel-fitted vehicles among customers in urban markets.

Working their strategies around shifting consumer behavior in urban areas, several carmakers have now loaded CNG technology into their popular models such as Hyundai Accent, GM Aveo, Toyota Innova and Corolla, Tata Indica and Indigo in order to tap the growing demand
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for the cleanest and cheapest fuel, which is now available only in Delhi, Mumbai, Agra and Gujarat. While Maruti is planning to extend the CNG technology to its other models, GM India is planning to roll out new cars such as Beat on the same fuel. In fact, country's second largest carmaker-Hyundai Motor India-is witnessing a revival in demand for its CNG models. "We have seen a revival in demand for the Accent CNG, which now has a waiting period, as customers are shifting to cheaper fuel options, says Hyundai director for marketing & sales Arvind Saxena. Cheaper running cost has been influencing customer decision and the market was gradually moving towards diesel cars, but recent hike in its price has made CNG the best fuel option. While it costs 4.40 per kilometer to run a petrol version of Maruti Sx4, the diesel variant costs 2.40. Now compare this with a CNG version that costs only 1.50 per km! No wonder, car buyers in National Capital Region have lapped up CNG models over the last year. Sale of CNG-fitted cars in NCR has jumped 43% over the last year to touch 4.5-lakh mark by Mayend this year. Even though electric cars such as Reva have a running cost of around 50 paise per km, they are largely unviable due to the huge battery cost and lack of charging options. Reva's ex-showroom price of around 4-lakh makes it much expensive than popular five-seater like the WagonR that starts at 3.3 lakh in Delhi. Despite its limited availability, auto analysts feel that CNG has now become reliable as well as popular among car users. "There is great push for cars offering lower running cost. CNG-based technology has been consistently reliable in India for the past decade, which has become popular as companies have launched the technology in their popular cars," says Abdul Majeed partner automotive practice with PWC. Delhi's experiment with greening of public transport has rung a bell at Copenhagen. Indraprastha Gas Ltd, the city's sole supplier of CNG (compressed natural gas), has been

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invited to a parallel show of the summit on global warming to tell the world how natural gas can play a role in mitigating climate change by reducing vehicular emission. IGL managing director Rajesh Vedvyas said the company has been invited by IGU (International Gas Union) to a conference that is being conducted on the sidelines of the climate change summit to promote use of gas as green fuel. ''It is recognition of the good work done by IGL and credit goes to the people, institutions and promoters who have supported it in improving air quality in the city.'' IGL was set up under the Supreme Court's directive and has been credited with helping reduce vehicular pollution levels. IGL is a joint venture between GAIL, Bharat Petroleum and Delhi government. IGU is a global body of gas producing and consuming technologies, and focuses on raising production of natural gas and increasing efficiency in its use. IGL fuels nearly three lakh vehicles both public and private that run in Delhi and its satellite towns. The number of cars running on CNG has recorded 43% rise year-on-year. The number of private cars running on CNG in Delhi has risen 43% year-on-year, even as more than 3,700 such automobiles continue to be added to the clean-fuel transport fleet. A survey commissioned by IGL found 175,313 private CNG cars against 122,485 in March last year. The survey, conducted in April-May period, sees number of private vehicles running on CNG exceeding 2.5 lakh by the time Delhi hosts the Commonwealth Games in October next year.

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OBJECTIVE
The understanding of consumer behavior is important for any business activity and more over if the product is to deal with the environment. The research focuses primarily on ascertaining the links between customers beliefs, knowledge, attitude, intention and vehicle purchase behavior/using behavior as well as preference of the customers given to the environment while buying the car. This research study is to understand the customer behavior towards the environment friendly car. The main objectives have been defined as: Review the literature on environmentally friendly cars in order to determine reasons why their market has not developed Investigate public and professional opinion through survey and after taking a questionnaire form on automobile users environment awareness levels. Analyses the results from the interviews and surveys, highlighting any common trends Provide a clear and concise conclusion which identifies the projects main findings. To study the awareness levels of the customer with reference to their academic qualifications regarding understanding about eco-friendly car.

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DATA ANALYSIS

Figure 1

1. Above graph shoes that, from the total no of sample there are 79.6% are male and 20.4% are female. 2. Respondent were ask to tell that which type of fuel they using. This result shown in figure

Figure 2

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Above graph shows that there are 53.06% of CNG, LPG,Ethenol and biodiesel and 40.94% of Petrol & Diesel.

3. Respondent were asked to rate the car parameter on 5 point likert scale where 1=Dispensable to 5=Indispensible while they want to purchase a car. The result is shown in figure

Figure 3

Above chart shows that mileage is very important factor followed by Engine capacity, power; turning radius, breaking distance and leg space are parameter while buying the car

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4. Respondent asked to give the weightage to the car parameter where 1=high to 6=low. The result is shown in following figure

Figure 4

Above chart shows that mileage got highest score followed by price, performance, environmental friendly, safety and aesthetic.

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5. The question was asked to check the awareness of the ecofriendly car among respondent. The result is shown in following figure.

Figure 5

The above chart shows that awareness of ecofriendly car among the inspected sample. 6. The question asked to respondent if the price of the all fuel is same then they are ready to spend the additional amount to get your car converted from petrol/diesel into CNG/LPG/any other type. The result is shown in following figure.

Figure 6

There are 59% people are ready to spend spend additional amount to get your car converted from petrol/diesel into CNG/LPG/any other type.
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7. The question is asked to check the awareness regarding environmental issue. The result is shown in following figure.

Figure 7

Above chart shows that 69% people are fairly well informed about environmental issues. 8. The question is asked to respondent to know what you think about the statements where they are having 3 option 1=myth, 2=half truth,3=truth. The result is shown in following figure.

Figure 8

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From above chart: Damage caused by Petrol/Diesel Users is higher than alternate fuel cars, 67.34% people say that it is half truth. Switching off the engine at traffic signal reduces fuel consumption, 53.03% people say that it is truth. Used lubricants in automobiles cause damage to the environment, 44.9% people say that it is half truth. I am prepared to suffer some apparent inconveniences for the sake of a better tomorrow by using Eco-friendly vehicles, 57.14%people say that it is half truth. Creating awareness among auto users about the environment will lead to increase in sales of Eco friendly vehicles, 44.9% people say that it is half truth. Do you feel that the govt. should subsidise manufacturers of EFVs?, 53.03% people say that it is half truth. Driving at an average speed of 50kmph gives you optimal mileage 55.10% people say that it is truth. Servicing as recommended by manufacturer improves the mileage of your vehicle, 51%people say that it is truth. Reducing A/C usage reduces fuel consumption, 53%people say that it is truth. Braking is not as effective as throttling while reducing speed of automobile, 75.6% people say that it is half truth. Carpooling public transport helps to reduce damage to the environment 36.7% people say that it is half truth, 32.65% people say that it is myth, 30.6% people say that it is truth

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9. The following chart shows the income vs chance of buying a ecofriendly car.

Figure 9 Above graph shows that chance percentage that the respondent will ready to buy the ecofriendly car in future. 16 people which are in income group 0-6 lakh, the chance of buying a ecofriendy cay car is in between 0 %< x<50%.

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10. The following figure shows the environmental awareness among the respondent according to their age group.

Figure 10

Above graph shows that there are 13 people in age group 18-24 years are fairly well informed about the environmental issues.

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CONCLUSION
It is concluded from the result that though customers have an opinion that they are aware about the Environment Friendly Car (EFC) but it is very clearly from the results that more awareness has to be created in non metros. As India is growing in the rural and metros seem to be saturated it is more important to focus on non-metro. While testing the awareness of the customers on the academic front there is no difference in the awareness level. The awareness levels are very generic and detail knowledge of the disposal of the car, the batteries and the typesets is missing amongst the customer. These are very damaging when it comes to the impact on the mother earth. The results indicate that the awareness amongst the various age groups is similar and hence the marketer and the government should create the desired knowledge and effective use of media should be made so that people are made aware of the environment problem arising out of the cars being used. New papers being the most effective media the benefits regarding EFC should be made public.

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RECOMMENDATION
After conducting this survey we came to with certain recommendation which could have made the result more effective in future. Following are some recommendation by us: 1. People are less aware about eco-friendly vehicles so there should be efforts put by the social groups as well as govt. of India.

2. The venue of survey (petrol/gas station) would better like society or any kind of public even or seminar where people come with sufficient time because we found that people on petrol pump were hesitate to answer the question due to limitation of time.

3. We also found that large number of people still wants to buy petrol/diesel vehicle rather than the eco friendly vehicle because of following problems. Petrol/diesel vehicle is always a good choice for long distance journey because eco friendly vehicle cannot give that much of performance which gives by the normal vehicle. Availability of CNG,SOLAR ENERGY still is big issue CNG is not available accept big cities Solar energy is available only in day time so they have so many issues The cost of these resources is less but the transformation of normal (petrol/diesel) vehicle to eco-friendly vehicle cost is unbearable.

So mentioned above problems regarding eco-friendly vehicles should be considered by the automobiles manufacture company to solve it and give the best result to the customers as well as society.

4. The efforts will have to be made by the manufacturers that the TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) of the environment friendly car should be made low to the extent possible to reduce the overall financial burden on the customer and this will enable the marketers to promote the cars easily in the market place.

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5. The marketers have to understand the segment and based on the preference it is important that environment friendly car be projected as status symbol. This will help promoting the cleaner vehicles.

6. There is also a need to train professionals for serving the green customer so that the continuity is built in the process itself.

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LIMITATIONS

These are some findings of Limitations while conducting the Survey on Environmental awareness 1. The major limitation/suppression occurs during the survey was Pseudo data filled by the people, in questionnaire. May be due to following reasons. Due to lack of proper understanding of questions Deliberately ignore to read the questions Lack of knowledge about environmental awareness etc.

2. Because of the above mention problem somewhere we failed to delivered precise and proper analysis of survey

3. Also found that people are less alert regarding Environment on the grounds that we have to use the power of conveyance frequently.

4. Suppression of truth.

5. Lengthiness of questions format.

6. Adumbrate of Identity and personal details by the people.

7. Some problems were found particularly about women where they commonly failed to answer the question no. 3 and 4 due to bit of technical terms.

8. Limit of time.

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LEARNING FROM STUDY

While conducting the research through the questionnaire we came to know: The awareness among the people about the eco-friendly cars We also came to know about their perception while driving the car & damage due to fuels While filling the forms we come to know how to approach the people and how to convince them We are also come to know the awareness of environmental issues among the peoples We are also come to know that they are ready to contribute toward the environment by buying the car We can learn the research software like SPSS

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APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE Group ID: _____________________________Sample number: _____________________ Area: ______________________________ Petrol pump: ___________________________ Model of vehicle: ________________________ Gender: Dear Sir/madam,
Im student of NCRDs Sterling Institute of Management Studies. Im doing purely academic study to determine automobile users environmental awareness levels. I would be highly obliged if you can spare a few minutes and help me by answering the questions stated below. Information provided will be kept confidential and used only for academic purpose. Thanks for your cooperation!!

1. Which type of fuel is used in your vehicle?

1. CNG 3. LPG 5. Ethanol blends 7. Electric 9. Solar

2. Biodiesel 4. Petrol 6. Diesel 8. No I dont own

2. If you dont own a vehicle would you prefer to buy an environment friendly car? 1. Yes 2. No

3. Rank the following parameters from 1 to 6 in terms of their importance for you to purchase a vehicle. Parameter Rank 4. Give weightage to following performance parameters while buying a four wheeler. Scale: 1- Dispensible 2-Not very Important 3-Important 4- Very Important 5-Indispensible Parameter Engine Turning Braking distance Mileage Power Leg space Mileage Price Performance Aesthetics Environment Safety

capacity radius Weightage

Look at the names of brands given below. Give score of 1 if you know the brand and 0 if you dont know the brand

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5. Look at the names of brands given below. Give score of 1 if you know the brand and 0 if you dont know the brand 1. LEAF 2. XL1 3. REVA 4. Malibu 5. REVA 6. BMW i3 6. What are your chances of buying environment friendly car. Mark on scale shown below 0% |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 100% 7. Will you spend additional amount to get your car converted from petrol/diesel into CNG/LPG/any other type? 1. Yes 7.1 How much___________________________________________________ 2. No 7.2 Reason_____________________________________________________

8. If prices are same which type of environment friendly vehicle would you prefer? 1. CNG 3. LPG 5. Ethanol blends 2. Electric 4. Solar 6. Biodiesel

9. State at least one reason for making the above choice? __________________________________________________________________________ 10. In general, how informed do you feel about environmental issues. Please tick. 1 2 3 4 Very well informed Fairly well informed Not well informed Not informed at all

11. Please let us know what you think about the following statements Particulars Myth Half Trut h Truth

Damage caused by Petrol/Diesel Users is higher than alternate fuel cars Switching off the engine at traffic signal reduces fuel consumption Used lubricants in automobiles damage to the environment cause

I am prepared to suffer some apparent inconveniences for the sake of a better

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tomorrow by using Eco-friendly vehicles Creating awareness among auto users about the environment will lead to increase in sales of Eco friendly vehicles Do you feel that the govt. should subsidise manufacturers of EFVs? Driving at an average speed of 50kmph gives you optimal mileage Servicing as recommended by manufacturer improves the mileage of your vehicle Reducing A/C consumption usage reduces fuel

Braking is not as effective as throttling while reducing speed of automobile Car pooling / public transport helps to reduce damage to the environment

12. Please indicate your age group 1. 18-24 3. 24-30 5. 30-36 13. Marital status Married Unmarried 2. 36-42 4. 42-46 6. 46+

14. Please tick your annual family income range 0 to 6 lakhs 6lakhs to 12 lakhs 12lakhs to 18lakhs 18lakhs to 24 lakhs 24lakhs to 30lakhs 30lakhs +

Your email id so that we can send you the report:________________________________

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-12/india/28064401_1_igl-delhi-s-cngindraprastha-gas 2.http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-06-27/news/29709083_1_cng-models-cngversion-cng-technology

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