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Géh{y}wbfl
Nlx w{btbinnl|{x xbjx/}b}il{x. k`|hxéoixxbi{lx gl nb G{`iwl*
]b{iwé
Lj }`niwir|l h`ool ljljw{l}{ixl. nb {`|wl lxwljh`{l n`jf|l*
}bfl 4}bfl 6}bfl <
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igiljgl nb ]
 
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iln
 
nl ;=2;{
 
éb
 
ni
 
xé }b{ nlx éw
 
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xgl n’LXC gl Ni
 
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Ljr|ãwl x|{nl wl{{lb|g| D{`jw jbwi`jbn
}`|{
 
j }l| }n|x gl ;2 al|{lx*]bx gl {`|jg g’`kxl{tb/wi`j ljw{l nlx gl|q g|ln/nixwlx* Dbhl í |j hbjgigbwx`hibnixwl r|i xl }{éxljwlh`ool nl }{éxigljw gl nb
¥ c|xwihl µ
. g|
¥ {lg{lxxloljw µ
lw g|
¥ {bxxloknloljw µ
. nlhald gl n’Lwbw xl o`jw{liooégibwloljw `ddljxid lwi{`jixl x|{ nl }{éxigljw
¥ lqw{b`{gijbi{l µ
r|l xl{biw D{bjæ`ix A`nnbjgl*Nlx gl|q a`oolx xl {ljgljw h`|} }`|{ h`|}*
¥ H’lxw bxxls hnbxxir|l 3 hl xh{|wij. h’lxw |j o`oljw g’b|waljwihiwé `ù habh|j giw xb té{iwé µ
* H’lxw b|xxi |j o`oljw
¥ aix/w`{ir|l µ
x|{ d`jg gl h{ixlx o|nwi}nlx {b}}lnnl Jih`nbxXb{e`sy. r|i g`iw ljg`xxl{ n’abkiw g| x`{wbjw lw g|habnnljfl{*Nl }{éxigljw/hbjgigbw {ltljgir|l |j objgbw xbjx
¥ ti`nljhlx µ
*
¥ Cl j’bi cbobix éwé boljé í ljnltl{ |j wlqwl r|i b|{biw géhnljhaé |jl f|l{{l hitinl 
*
Nl o`|tloljw gl {éd`{ol b éwé h`jwij|. xbjx b|h|j kn`hbfl µ
. bc`|wl/w/in*Jih`nbx Xb{e`sy bhh|xl nlx bnniéx gl x`j bgtl{xbi{lg’bwwbr|lx `|w{bjhiá{lx* In lj tl|w }`|{ }{l|tlx nlxh`o}b{bix`jx í ]éwbij. Nbtbn. D{bjh`*
¥ Lw }`|{r|`i  }bx Aiwnl{ 0 µ ¥ T`|x b|{ls g| obn í t`|x dbi{l }bxxl{ }`|{ |jl tihwiol µ
. {é}`jg g| wbh b| wbh nl hbjgigbw x`/hibnixwl. r|i h`jgbojl
¥ w`|x nlx lqháx µ
* N|i b|xxi b l|g{`iw
¥ í w`|x nlx bjiob|q g| s`` µ
. bc`|wl n’éné}abjwx`hibnixwl*;2a2< 3 gék|w g| t`nlw éh`j`oir|l* Ha÷obfl. }`|/t`i{ g’bhabw․ Nb kbwbinnl gl haidd{lx h`ooljhl*
¥ T`|x btils giw r|l xi nl ha÷obfl jl w`okl{biw }bx í <,gl nb }`}|nbwi`j bhwitl. h’lxw |j éhalh* In lxw í 2=,* G`jh h’lxw |j éhalh µ
. bjbnyxl nl x`hibnixwl. r|i lj }{`diwl}`|{ gétln`}}l{ nlx olx|{lx }ab{lx gl x`j }{`/f{bool*
¥ T`x haidd{lx x`jw db|q µ
. {éw`{r|l nl }{éxi/gljw/hbjgigbw* Nl o`w
¥ oljx`jfl µ
{ltiljg{b w{áxx`|tljw gbjx xb k`|hal w`|w b| n`jf g| gékbw* LwJih`nbx Xb{e`sy gl d|xwifl{ 
¥ nb d`nil gé}ljxiá{l µ
gln’bjhilj }{loil{ xlh{éwbi{l g| ]X*
¥ ]lwiw hbn`ojibwl|{ µ
Tiljw n’éhabjfl x|{ nl }`|t`i{ g’bhabw* D{bjæ`ixA`nnbjgl bhh|xl Jih`nbx Xb{e`sy g’bt`i{. btlh nl k`|hnil{ dixhbn
¥ gixw{ik|é glx haár|lx b|q h`jw{ik|bknlx nlx }n|x d`{w|jéx µ
* Nl hbjgigbw x`hibnixwl giw t`|n`i{ |winixl{ hlw b{fljw }`|{ n’Lg|hbwi`j jbwi`jbnl. btlhí nb hné nb h{ébwi`j gl 4==== }`xwlx*
¥ O`i cl }{`wáfl nlx ljdbjwx gl nb [é}|knir|l 5 t`|x. nlx }n|x }{itinéfiéx* µ
[é}`jxl g| }{éxigljw x`{wbjw 3
¥ T`|x t`|nls o`ijx gl {ihalx* O`i cl tl|q o`ijx gl }b|t{lx* Bnnl{ gi{l r|l j`|x bt`jx dbiw glx hbglb|q b|q {ihalx. h’lxw |jl hbn`o/jil* µ
X|{ nl t`nlw kinbj. Jih`nbx Xb{e`sy xl {éd|filgl{{iá{l n’b{f|oljw gl nb h{ixl dijbjhiá{l* D{bjæ`ixA`nnbjgl j’bhhl}wl }bx hlx hi{h`jxwbjhlx bwwé/j|bjwlx*
¥ Hl j’lxw cbobix gl t`w{l db|wl. t`|x btls w`|/ c`|{x |j k`|h éoixxbi{l* Hl j’lxw }bx o`i. h’lxw nb h{ixl µ
.nbjhl D{bjæ`ix A`nnbjgl*Bwwbr|l }n|x }l{x`jjlnnl. Jih`nbx Xb{e`sy x`|nifjlnl objr|l g’lq}é{iljhl oijixwé{ilnnl gl x`j {itbnlw x`j f`õw x|}}`xé }`|{ nlx k`jx o`wx*
¥ Hl j’lxw  }bx nl h`jh`|{x gl nb }lwiwl knbf|l µ
. wbhnl Jih`nbx Xb{/e`sy* Ljh`{l }n|x ijhixid lj dij gl gékbw. x|{ nlxwynl gl f`|tl{jbjhl. in w{biwl D{bjæ`ix A`nnbjglgl
¥ }lwiw hbn`ojibwl|{ µ
* Lw habh|j gl xl {ljt`yl{ GXE í nb dif|{l*;8a<=* Habh|j b dbiw xb h`jhn|xi`j* Dij g| obwhagl k`ql* ]bx gl E@ ji gl obwha j|n* Jih`nbx Xb{/e`sy j’b|{b }bx {é|xxi í olww{l x`j {itbn x`hibnixwlb| wb}ix* ]n|x r|l cbobix. D{bjæ`ix A`nnbjgl b éwédigánl í xb {é}|wbwi`j gl H|nk|w`*
ÉTÁJLOLJW
\jh`okbwgl k`qlobix }bx glE@
Nlxgékbwxwénéx lw nl|{x }lwiwlx }a{bxlx
2*Nl o`j`}`nl g| hŘ|{
Lj 2967. nlx a`oolx }`niwir|lx d{bjæbix xl olwwljwb| gékbw wénétixé. kilj b}{áx nl|{x t`ixijx boé{i/hbijx* Tbné{y Fixhb{g g’Lxwbijf lw D{bjæ`ix Oiwwl{/{bjg `|t{ljw nl kbn* ]`|{ |j gék|wbjw. TFL dbiwo`|hal* Xb hénék{l d`{o|nl í n’ljh`jw{l gl D{bjæ`ixOiwwl{{bjg {lxwl hijfnbjwl 3
¥ Cl w{`|tl w`|c`|{x ha`/r|bjw lw knlxxbjw gl x&b{{`fl{ nl o`j`}`nl g| hŘ|{* T`|x j&btls }bx. O`jxil|{ Oiwwl{{bjg. nl o`j`}`nl g| hŘ|{* µ
;*O`jxil|{ nl ]{loil{ oijixw{l
D{bjæ`ix Oiwwl{{bjg. }{éxigljw x`{wbjw. lw x`j ]{l/oil{ oijixw{l Cbhr|lx Hai{bh x’bdd{`jwljw lj 2911b}{áx gl|q bjx gl h`abkiwbwi`j* Nl hbjgigbw [][ ijwl{}lnnl x`j `}}`xbjw 3
¥ Hl x`i{. !***) t`|x j&ãwlx }bx nl }{éxigljw gl nb [é}|knir|l. j`|x x`oolx gl|q hbjgi/gbwx*** t`|x ol }l{olww{ls g`jh gl t`|x b}}lnl{ O`jxil|{  Oiwwl{{bjg* µ
[é}nir|l iooégibwl lw i{`jir|l g| x`/hibnixwl 3
¥ Obix t`|x btls w`|w í dbiw {bix`j. O`jxil|{ nl  ]{loil{ oijixw{l* µ
8*]lwiw hbn`ojibwl|{
@j jl xbiw }bx ljh`{l r|i x`{wi{b fbfjbjw gl nbh`|{xl í n’Lnyxél. ji xi nlx }{lxwbwi`jx gl Jih`nbx Xb{/e`sy lw D{bjæ`ix A`nnbjgl ijdn|ljhl{`jw nl {éx|nwbwg| xh{|wij gl giobjhal }{`habij* Obix `j {lwiljg{bhlwwl x`{wil gl nb k`|hal gl Jih`nbx Xb{e`sy 3
¥ T`|x t`|nls o`ijx gl {ihalx 0 O`i. cl tl|q o`ijx gl }b|t{lx µ
*Nl hbjgigbw x`hibnixwl j&lxw }bx lj {lxwl 3
¥ T`|x b|{ls g| obn í }bxxl{ }`|{ |jl tihwiol µ
`| í }{`}`x gl nbh{ixl
¥ hl j&lxw cbobix gl t`w{l db|wl. t`|x btls w`|c`|{x |jk`|h éoixxbi{l* H&lxw w`|c`|{x nb db|wl gl nb h{ixl µ
*
7*N’a`ool g| }bxxid 
D{bjæ`ix Oiwwl{{bjg j’b }l|w/ãw{l }bx nl o`j`}`nlg| hŘ|{. obix in }`|{{biw k{if|l{ hln|i gl nb {é}b{wil*Lj 2912. xl}w bjx b}{áx nl gékbw n’`}}`xbjw í Tbné{yFixhb{g g’Lxwbijf. n’al|{l lxw í nb {ltbjhal }`|{ nlx`hibnixwl*
¥ T`|x btls wljgbjhl í {l}{ljg{l nl {ld{bij g&in  y b xl}w bjx 3 n&a`ool g| }bxxé* H&lxw r|bjg oãol lj/j|yl|q r|l. gbjx n&ijwl{tbnnl. t`|x x`yls gltlj|. t`|x.n&a`ool g| }bxxid* µ
W`|haé. h`|né*
<*Nb„ h`ná{l xbijl ‟
;==6. ]X lw \O] x’bdd{`jwljw í f{bjgx d{bhbx* Bn`{xr|l Jih`nbx Xb{e`sy x’étl{w|l í fb{gl{ x`j hbnol.Xéf`nájl [`ybn x’lo}`{wl n`{xr|l x`j bgtl{xbi{lbk`{gl nl waáol glx abjgihb}éx gbjx nl xyxwáolég|hbwid* Nb hbjgigbwl x`hibnixwl {ld|xl gl xl hbnol{.obnf{é nlx globjglx g| nlbgl{ gl n’\O]* Nl d|w|{ tbijr|l|{ g| xh{|wij {é}nir|l bn`{x. btlh |j w`j |j k{ij o`{bnixbwl|{ 3
¥ ]`|{ ãw{l }{éxigljw gl nb [é}|/knir|l. in db|w ãw{l hbnol*!***) In db|w xbt`i{ fb{gl{ x`jhbnol lw xlx jl{dx* µ
]b{HnéoljhlFb{glinlw]il{{lH`r|lnij]b{Ob{ijlD`{lxwil{
8
Nb ]{lxxi`j Cl|gi 8 obi ;=2;Jih`nbx Xb{e`sy x’lxw o`jw{é nl }n|x `ddljxid. í nb nioiwl gl n’bf{lxxitiwé* Obix in j’b }bx {é|xxi í géxwbkinixl{ x`j {itbn dbt`{i glxx`jgbflx D{bjæ`ix A`nnbjgl. r|i b {ljg| h`|} }`|{ h`|}*Nl gékbw ljw{l Jih`nbx Xb{e`sy lw D{bjæ`ix A`nnbjgl b|{b éwé {ihal lj }lwiwlx }ir|lx lw bwwbr|lx d{`jwbnlx* \j g|ln r|i x&ijxh{iwgbjx nb f{bjgl w{bgiwi`j glx bdd{`jwloljwx wénétix|lnx* Obix í r|lnnl }nbhl flf|{l nl h{| ;=2; 0
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