Communication Device For Youngsters

Welcome
D J Academy of Design
Coimbatore Pollachi Highway, Othakkalmandapam (P.O.), Coimbatore 641 032 (T.N.) India Phone: 0422 3094300, 3094444, Fax: 0422 3094310, Website: www.djad.in, e-mail: office@djad.in Duration: December 2010 - June 2011 Student: Deepak Sreedharan Nair (UG-0711, 4th year, Industrial design) E-mail: deepak@afreshthinking.com Guide: Prof. Balaram Singanapalli Industrial Designer, (Dean-D J Academy of Design) E-mail: s.balaram43@gmail.com Project coordinator: Sukumaran SS (Global Director- Design, Olive Telecom pvt. ltd.) E-mail: sukumaran.s@olive.net
Olive Telecommunication Pvt. Ltd.

862 Udyog vihar, Phase 5, Gurgaon - 122016 India
2 |PROJECT DOCUMENT
Deepak Nair| D J Academy of Design
Communication Device for Youngsters

Diploma Project Document
PROJECT DOCUMENT |3
D J Academy of Design Approval

The following document is duly approved by the designated jury as credible work on the chosen subject, carried out and presented in a manner sufficiently satisfactory for acceptance as diploma project of this Institute. This approval however does not necessarily endorse any statements, comments or conclusions drawn in. This is a partial fulfilment for the award of the Undergraduate / Postgraduate level Diploma in Industrial Design. TITLE OF THE PROJECT: Communication Device for Youngsters STUDENT : Deepak Sreedharan Nair GUIDE: Balaram Singanapalli
................................................ Internal Jury Name & Signature
................................................ External Jury Name & Signature
Place : Coimbatore Date : ..................................................
................................................ Dean | Jury Chairman Name & Signature
Coimbatore Pollachi Highway, Othakkalmandapam (P.O.), Coimbatore 641 032. Phone : 0422-2610333, 2610428 Fax : 0422-2610348
Contents
Introduction................................................................01
About the Document About the College About the Company
Initiation Phase...........................................................09
Project Brief Project Timeline
Analysis Phase............................................................13
History of Communications History of Telecommunications Introduction on Mobile Phones How does the Mobile Phone system work? How does the Mobile Phone coverage work?
Research Phase...........................................................30
Modern History of Human Communications The 7 forms of Mass Media Internet Users By Age and Gender The things you do with your phone Market Dynamics All Thumbs Consumer - Target Audience Mood Board
Concept Phase............................................................56
Initial Sketches How we think
Finalization Phase.......................................................62
Final concepts Feedback
The Design..................................................................71 Acknowledgements.....................................................90 References...................................................................92
UNCERTAINTY | PATTERNS | INSIGHTS
CLARITY | FOCUS
RESEARCH
CONCEPT PROTOTYPE
DESIGN
Introduction
About the Document
As a part of the curriculum the students of 4th year are supposed to take up a 24 week diploma project wherein we are supposed to design a product or service starting from the scratch, following the design process end to end. This diploma project is marked as the culmination of the students learning. This document contains the entire process that I have followed through out the span of six months at Olive Telecommunications Pvt. ltd, starting from the research phase to the final product. The images used and the comparative studies mentioned in this document are solely for educational purpose.
PROJECT DOCUMENT |01
Photo credits: Chetan Syal
02 |PROJECT DOCUMENT
Djad
About the college
D J Academy of Design
The Group
DJ Academy of Design belongs to the illustrious GKD charity trust, set up in 1983 by the industrialist par excellence, (Late) Cavalier Dr. G K Devarajulu. His pioneering efforts saw the emergence of Coimbatore on the global industrial map and the LMW Group as a major force to reckon with. The Group comprises a staggering 20 companies with LMW being the flagship brand. D J Academy is carrying on the legacy of Dr. G K Devarajulu in the sphere of education the academy has two wings the D J Academy of Managerial Excellence and D J Academy of Design. It is a remarkable initiative of harnessing the potential of future managers and designers. The senior faculty members who are experienced in teaching at national school of design Ahmedabad (NID) handle most of the courses at D J Academy of Design. Apart from that, practising Design Professionals are also involved in teaching here as visiting faculty.
Olive Telecom
About the company
Headquartered in India, with established presence in the Worlds fastest growing telecom market as well as in 2 other countries
Olive Telecom is a world class designer and supplier of wireless devices; 2G/3G mobile handsets and smart phones, connected mobile computing devices and advanced data modems. Olive invests in pioneering research and human industrial design, with innovation labs in India and China. Olive Telecom has a product portfolio complete across the areas - WCDMA, CDMA, GSM and EV-DO mobile handsets, Mobile Computing Devices, Advanced data modems and devices for wireless broadband. With marketing reach in more than 24 countries, Olive Telecom develops customized products for mobile operators worldwide and sells directly to consumers under its own brand in selected geographies. After the successful launch of many Industry firsts including the OliveFrvrOn (Indias 1stHybrid Mobile Phone), OliveZipbook (Indias 1st 3G embedded Netbook), OliveWiz (Indias 1st Triple SIM Qwerty Mobile Phone), OliveGenie (Indias 1st 3G Music USB Modem) & OliveNexus (Indias 1st Pocket Router) Olive has brought brings India to the forefront of convergence technology with the OlivePad V-T100. ). Offering you connectivity, Anytime, Anywhere! Mobile phones that are created with customization and innovative software bundels also with the Convergence devices that bring together the gains of infotainment. The OlivePad offers Smartphone options, Live TV, Cameras, eBook reader, Browsing, Social Networking, Complete Multi-media, Android Marketplace for access to over 100k Apps and the Map My India application. On 8,October 2010 Olive Telecom was awarded the CXO Best Innovation of the year Award 2010 for Indias first tablet PC, the 3.5 G OlivePad.
Olive Telecom
Company Background
Olive Telecom is Headquartered in Gurgaon, India and is a privately held leading Convergence Solutions Device Developer with presence in mobile phones, laptops, netbooks, Tablets, mobile computing, wireless broadband and convergence devices.
The genesis of Olive Telecom lies in the groups core belief of providing high quality convergence devices that not only offer affordability to customers worldwide but also provide them with technology that is future ready. Olive Telecom today is probably one of the few Indian companies that have an intense relationship with over 28 leading mobile service operators; working with cutting edge devices to improve their bottom-lines. Olive Telecom currently has its own two Design Houses in India focusing on Industrial Design and ICT/Convergence products. The company also has two Design Houses and R&D facilities in Nanjing and Shanghai in China for the mobile computing and telephony products. Olive Telecom has a product portfolio complete across the areas - WCDMA, CDMA, GSM and EV-DO handsets and smart-phones, Mobile Computing Devices, Advanced data modems for wireless broadband. A strategic partnership with technology leader Qualcomm, has also brought about recognition for the companys thrust in search of new innovative design and technology for the connecting world. In 2006, the holding company entered into a joint venture with the $20 billion Haier Group, to form Haier Telecom India, with a mandate of creating leadership for the Haier brand in the CDMA handset segment. Haier Mobile today is the preferred brand of many Indian and international mobile service operators and occupies the prestigious second place in the in India. Haier Telecom (India) Private Limited, a Joint Venture owned by Olive and Haier China, was awarded the Fastest Growing Brand award from Qualcomm at their Partner Meet at Oberoi Hotel, Delhi.
Initiation phase
Project Brief
Design a communication device for youngsters. The Design should grab attention among the target group. This includes aesthetic and ergonomic modifications bearing in mind the functional requirements and manufacturing. The phone operating system is based on Android.
Project Timeline
Time-line in weeks
TIMELINE in weeks
Initiation Phase
1 17/01/2011
22/01/2011
presentation of the design briefing - The scope of the product
research and optimization of the project within

2 24/01/2011 3 31/01/2011
Analysis Phase - phase I
29/01/2011 2/2/2011
Maketing Technology and manufacturing process Planning constraints Analysis of the competitive environment
Phase II
3 3/2/2011
4 7/2/2011 5 14/02/2011 6 21/02/2011 7 28/02/2011 8 7/3/2011
5/2/2011 12/2/2011 19/02/2011 26/02/2011 5/3/2011 12/3/2011
Trend Research User behaviour and mindset Consumer insights Benchmarking activities Analysis
Concept Phase
9 14/03/2011 10 21/03/2011 11 28/03/2011 12 4/4/2011 13 11/4/2011 14 18/04/2011 15 25/04/2011 16 2/5/2011 17 9/5/2011
19/03/2011 26/03/2011 2/4/2011 9/4/2011 16/04/2011 23/04/2011 30/04/2011 7/5/2011 14/05/2011
Brainstroming Initial Sketches
CAD Modelling Foam modelling to reveal propotions Prototype Internal Review
Finalisation Phase
18 16/05/2011 19 21/05/2011 20 30/05/2011 21 6/6/2011 22 13/06/2011 23 20/06/2011
21/05/2011
Detail Drawing Mass manufacturing Documentation
28/05/2011
4/6/2011 11/6/2011 18/06/2011
Evaluation Phase
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
discussion
presentation
BUFFER
presentation
BUFFER
REVIEW AT COLLEGE presentation
BUFFER
BUFFER
HOLIDAY
finalisation
BUFFER
BUFFER
HOLIDAY
REVIEW AT COLLEGE
History of Communication
Introduction
The history of communication dates back to prehistory. Communication can range from very subtle processes of exchange, to full conversations and mass communication. Human communication was revolutionized with speech perhaps 2,00,000 years ago. Symbols were developed about 30,000 years ago, and writing about 7,000. On a much shorter scale, there have been major developments in the field of telecommunication in the past few centuries.
History of Communication
Based on the information available from wikipedia.
SYMBOLS
The imperfection of speech, which nonetheless allowed easier dissemination of ideas and stimulated inventions, eventually resulted in the creation of new forms of communications, improving both the range at which people could communicate and the longevity of the information. All of those inventions were based on the key concept of the symbol: a conventional representation of a concept.
CAVE PAINTINGS
The oldest known symbols created with the purpose of communication through time are the cave paintings, a form of rock art, dating to the Upper Paleolithic. Just as the small child first learns to draw before it masters more complex forms of communication, so homo sapiens' first attempts at passing information through time took the form of paintings. The oldest known cave painting is that of the Chauvet Cave, dating to around 30,000 BC. Though not well standardized, those paintings contained increasing amounts of information: Cro-Magnon people may have created the first calendar as far back as 15,000 years ago.
PETROGLYPHS
Petroglyphs from Hljesta, Sweden. Nordic Bronze Age. The next step in the history of communications is petroglyphs, carvings into an rock surface. It took about 20,000 years for homo sapiens to move from the first cave paintings to the first petroglyphs, which are dated to around 10,000BC. It is possible that the humans of that time used some other forms of communication, often for mnemonic purposes - specially arranged stones, symbols carved in wood or earth, quipulike ropes, tattoos, but little other than the most durable carved stones has survived to modern times and we can only speculate about their existence based on our observation of still existing hunter-gatherer cultures such as those of Africa or Oceania.
PICTOGRAM
Pictograph from 1510 telling a story of coming of missionaries to Hispaniola. A pictogram (pictograph) is a symbol representing a concept, object, activity, place or event by illustration. Pictography is a form of proto-writing whereby ideas are transmitted through drawing. Pictographs were the next step in the evolution of communication: the most important difference between petroglyph and pictogram is that petroglyph are simply showing an event, but pictogram are telling a story about the event, thus they can for example be ordered in chronological order. Pictogram were used by various ancient cultures all over the world since around 9000 BC, when tokens marked with simple pictures began to be used to label basic farm produce, and become increasingly popular around 6000-5000 BC. They were the basis of cuneiform and hieroglyphs, and began to develop into logo-graphic writing systems around 5000 BC
IDEOGRAMS
The beginning of the Lords Prayer in Mkmaq hieroglyphic writing. The text reads Nujjinen wsq Our father / in heaven Pictograms, in turn, evolved into ideograms, graphical symbols that represent an idea. Their ancestors, the pictograms, could represent only something resembling their form: therefore a pictogram of a circle could represent a sun, but not concepts like heat, light, day or Great God of the Sun. Ideograms, on the other hand, could convey more abstract concepts, so that for example an ideogram of two sticks can mean not only legs but also a verb to walk.
WRITING
The oldest-known forms of writing were primarily logographic in nature, based on pictographic and ideographic elements. Most writing systems can be broadly divided into three categories: logographic, syllabic and alphabetic (or segmental); however, all three may be found in any given writing system in varying proportions, often making it difficult to categorise a system uniquely. The invention of the first writing systems is roughly contemporary with the beginning of the Bronze Age in the late Neolithic of the late 4th millennium BC. The first writing system is generally believed to have been invented in pre-historic Sumer and developed by the late 3rd millennium into cuneiform. Egyptian hieroglyphs, and the undeciphered Proto-Elamite writing system and Indus Valley script also date to this era, though a few scholars have questioned the Indus Valley scripts status as a writing system.
A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. The first pure alphabets (properly, abjads, mapping single symbols to single phonemes, but not necessarily each phoneme to a symbol) emerged around 2000 BC in Ancient Egypt, but by then alphabetic principles had already been incorporated into Egyptian hieroglyphs for a millennium. By 2700 BC Egyptian writing had a set of some 22 hieroglyphs to represent syllables that begin with a single consonant of their language, plus a vowel (or no vowel) to be supplied by the native speaker. These glyphs were used as pronunciation guides for logograms, to write grammatical inflections, and, later, to transcribe loan words and foreign names. However, although seemingly alphabetic in nature, the original Egyptian uniliterals were not a system and were never used by themselves to encode Egyptian speech. In the Middle Bronze Age an apparently alphabetic system is thought by some to have been developed in central Egypt around 1700 BC for or by Semitic workers, but we cannot read these early writings and their exact nature remain open to interpretation. Over the next five centuries this Semitic alphabet (really a syllabary like Phoenician writing) seems to have spread north. All subsequent alphabets around the world with the sole exception of Korean Hangul have either descended from it, or been inspired by one of its descendants
History of Telecommunication
Introduction
The history of telecommunication began with the use of smoke signals and drums in Africa, the Americas and parts of Asia. In the 1790th, the first fixed semaphore systems emerged in Europe; however it was not until the 1830th that electrical telecommunication systems started to appear. This article details the history of telecommunication and the individuals who helped make telecommunication systems what they are today. The history of telecommunication is an important part of the larger history of communication.
Early telecommunications
Early telecommunications included smoke signals and drums. Drums were used by natives in Africa, New Guinea and South America, and smoke signals in North America and China. Contrary to what one might think, these systems were often used to do more than merely announce the presence of a camp. In 1792, a French engineer, Claude Chappe built the first visual telegraphy (or semaphore) system between Lille and Paris. This was followed by a line from Strasbourg to Paris. In 1794, a Swedish engineer, Abraham Edelcrantz built a quite different system from Stockholm to Drottningholm. As opposed to Chappes system which involved pulleys rotating beams of wood, Edelcrantzs system relied only upon shutters and was therefore faster. However semaphore as a communication system suffered from the need for skilled operators and expensive towers often at intervals of only ten to thirty kilometres (six to nineteen miles). As a result, the last commercial line was abandoned in 1880.
Telegraph and telephone
A very early experiment in electrical telegraphy was an electrochemical telegraph created by the German physician, anatomist and inventor Samuel Thomas von Smmering in 1809, based on an earlier, less robust design of 1804 by Catalan polymath and scientist Francisco Salv i Campillo. Both their designs employed multiple wires (up to 35) in order to visually represent almost all Latin letters and numerals. Thus, messages could be conveyed electrically up to a few kilometers (in von Smmerings design), with each of the telegraph receivers wires immersed in a separate glass tube of acid. An electrical current was sequentially applied by the sender through the various wires representing each digit of a message; at the recipients end the currents electrolysed the acid in the tubes in sequence, releasing streams of hydrogen bubbles next to each associated letter or numeral. The telegraph receivers operator would visually observe the bubbles and could then record the transmitted message, albeit at a very low baud rate. The principal disadvantage to the system was its prohibitive cost, due to having to manufacture and string-up the multiple wire circuits it employed, as opposed to the single wire (with ground return) used by later telegraphs. The first commercial electrical telegraph was constructed in England by Sir Charles Wheatstone and Sir William Fothergill Cooke. It used the deflection of needles to represent messages and started operating over twenty-one kilometres (thirteen miles) of the Great Western Railway on 9 April 1839. Both Wheatstone and Cooke viewed their device as an improvement to the [existing] electromagnetic telegraph not as a new device. On the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, Samuel Morse independently developed a version of the electrical telegraph that he unsuccessfully demonstrated on 2 September 1837. Soon after he was joined by Alfred Vail who developed the register a telegraph terminal that integrated a logging device for recording messages to paper tape. This was demonstrated successfully over three miles (five kilometres) on 6 January 1838 and eventually over forty miles (sixty-four kilometres) between
Washington, DC and Baltimore on 24 May 1844. The patented invention proved lucrative and by 1851 telegraph lines in the United States spanned over 20,000 miles (32,000 kilometres). The first successful transatlantic telegraph cable was completed on 27 July 1866, allowing transatlantic telecommunication for the first time. Earlier transatlantic cables installed in 1857 and 1858 only operated for a few days or weeks before they failed. The international use of the telegraph has sometimes been dubbed the Victorian Internet. The conventional telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876, based on his earlier work with harmonic (multi-signal) telegraphs. The first commercial telephone services were set up in 1878 and 1879 on both sides of the Atlantic in the cities of New Haven and London. Bell held the master patent for the telephone that was needed for such services in both countries. The technology grew quickly from this point, with inter-city lines being built and telephone exchanges in every major city of the United States by the mid-1880s. Despite this, transatlantic voice communication remained impossible for customers until January 7, 1927 when a connection was established using radio. However no cable connection existed until TAT-1 was inaugurated on September 25, 1956 providing 36 telephone circuits. In 1880, Bell and co-inventor Charles Sumner Tainter conducted the worlds first wireless telephone call via modulated lightbeams projected by photophones. The scientific principles of their invention would not be utilized for several decades, when they were first deployed in military and fiber-optic communications.
Radio and television
In 1832, James Lindsay gave a classroom demonstration of wireless telegraphy to his students. By 1854, he was able to demonstrate a transmission across the Firth of Tay from Dundee to Woodhaven, a distance of two miles (3 km), using water as the transmission medium. Addressing the Franklin Institute in 1893, Nikola Tesla described and demonstrated in detail the principles of wireless telegraphy. The apparatus that he used contained all the elements that were incorporated into radio systems before the development of the vacuum tube. However it was not until 1900 that Reginald Fessenden was able to wirelessly transmit a human voice. In December 1901, Guglielmo Marconi established wireless communication between Britain and Newfoundland, earning him the Nobel Prize in physics in 1909 (which he shared with Karl Braun). On March 25, 1925, Scottish inventor John Logie Baird publicly demonstrated the transmission of moving silhouette pictures at the London department store Selfridges. In October 1925, Baird was successful in obtaining moving pictures with halftone shades, which were by most accounts the first true television pictures. This led to a public demonstration of the improved device on 26 January 1926 again at Selfridges. Bairds first devices relied upon the Nipkow disk and thus became known as the mechanical television. It formed the basis of semi-experimental broadcasts done by the British Broadcasting Corporation beginning September 30, 1929.
However for most of the twentieth century televisions depended upon the cathode ray tube invented by Karl Braun. The first version of such a television to show promise was produced by Philo Farnsworth and crude silhouette images were demonstrated to his family on September 7, 1927. Farnsworths device would compete with the concurrent work of Kalman Tihanyi and Vladimir Zworykin. Zworykins camera, based on Tihanyis Radioskop, which later would be known as the Iconoscope, had the backing of the influential Radio Corporation of America (RCA). In the United States, court action between Farnsworth and RCA would resolve in Farnsworths favour. John Logie Baird switched from mechanical television and became a pioneer of colour television using cathode-ray tubes.
Computer networks and the Internet
On September 11, 1940, George Stibitz was able to transmit problems using teletype to his Complex Number Calculator in New York and receive the computed results back at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. This configuration of a centralized computer or mainframe with remote dumb terminals remained popular throughout the 1950s. However it was not until the 1960s that researchers started to investigate packet switching a technology that would allow chunks of data to be sent to different computers without first passing through a centralized mainframe. A four-node network emerged on December 5, 1969 between the University of California, Los Angeles, the Stanford Research Institute, the University of Utah and the University of California, Santa Barbara. This network would become ARPANET, which by 1981 would consist of 213 nodes. In June 1973, the first nonUS node was added to the network belonging to Norways NORSAR project. This was shortly followed by a node in London. ARPANETs development centred around the Request for Comment process and on April 7, 1969, RFC 1 was published. This process is important because ARPANET would eventually merge with other networks to form the Internet and many of the protocols the Internet relies upon today were specified through this process. In September 1981, RFC 791 introduced the Internet Protocol v4 (IPv4) and RFC 793 introduced the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) thus creating the TCP/IP protocol that much of the Internet relies upon today. A more relaxed transport protocol that, unlike TCP, did not guarantee the orderly delivery of packets called the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) was submitted on 28 August 1980 as RFC 768. An e-mail protocol, SMTP, was introduced in August 1982 by RFC 821 and http://1.0 a protocol that would make the hyperlinked Internet possible was introduced on May 1996 by RFC 1945. However not all important developments were made through the Request for Comment process. Two popular link protocols for local area networks (LANs) also appeared in the 1970s. A patent for the Token Ring protocol was filed by Olof Sderblom on October 29, 1974.And a paper on the Ethernet protocol was published by Robert Metcalfe and David Boggs in the July 1976 issue of Communications of the ACM. Internet access became widespread late in the century, using the old telephone and television networks
Mobile Phones
Introduction
A mobile phone or cell phone is an electronic device used to make mobile telephone calls across a wide geographic area, served by many public cells, allowing the user to be mobile.
A mobile phone can make and receive telephone calls from the public telephone network which includes other mobiles and fixed-line phones across the world. It does this by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile network operator. In addition to telephony, modern mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging, MMS, e-mail, Internet access, short-range wireless communications, business applications, gaming and photography. Mobile phones that offer these more general computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones. The first handheld mobile phone was demonstrated by Dr. Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing 2 kg. In 1983, the DynaTAC 8000x was the first to be commercially available. In the twenty years from 1990 to 2010, worldwide mobile phone subscriptions grew from 12.4 million to over 4.6 billion, penetrating the developing economies and reaching the bottom of the economic pyramid.
Wireless Acess Point
First a cell phone radios the nearest tower or site. When you make a call or turn your phone on, your phone sends a message via radio thats picked up by the towers antennas.
Next,a wire or fiber-optic line carries the call down to the wireless access point, connected to a multi-port switch.
Microwave (Wireless Backhaul)
Wireless Acess Point
T1 or T3(Wired Backhaul)
The call (along with many others) gets routed to a back-haul. Usually down to an underground wired T1 or T3 line, but sometimes back up the mast to a powerful line-of-sight wireless microwave antenna (typically only used either when there isnt a ground connection, or when the ground connection is poor).
The incoming call or data comes back from the back haul and up through the switch to the antenna, where it then hits your phone (presuming your phone is still communicating with the same site). If you are moving then theres a handoff - a new but more or less identical cell site transmits the data to your phone, once your phone checks in.
Cell phones are radio devices - they communicate by transmitting and receiving voice over an area.
Mobile Phones
How Does The Mobile Phone System Work?
Mobile phones are sophisticated two-way radios that use radio frequency (RF) signals to transmit and receive voice and data. When you make or receive a call, your mobile phone communicates with a network of low powered radio transceivers called base stations. Each base station covers a small geographic area, referred to as a cell, and cells are interlinked to create the cellular network. A typical base station is made up of antennas and transmission dishes that are connected to an equipment cabin by electrical cable. The base station is responsible for collecting phone signals and passing them on again. A mobile phone may communicate with several different base stations during a single call which makes it possible for you to continue your call while on the move. When a call is established, both the mobile phone and the base station adjust to the minimum power level required to maintain a quality call. This adaptive power control makes the mobile phone system one of the most efficient communications systems available today. The base station network is linked to the public telephone network so that mobile phone calls can be made to other networks, cities and countries around the world. Often, transmission dishes can be observed on base station facilities. These dishes are used to link one cell to the next. Transmission dishes send a narrow microwave beam overhead, directly linking with a neighbouring dish at a nearby telecommunications facility. This beam does not disperse onto the ground below and simply replaces the cables used in ground telephone systems. Mobile phone base station antennas are designed to cater for a limited capacity of simultaneous calls. A typical base station can accommodate approximately 40-60 simultaneous voice and data signals. When the call demand exceeds base station capacity, the mobile phone signal is transferred to the nearest available base station. If the distance to the next base station is too far, or this station is also fully loaded, a temporary connection error would occur. If youve ever had problems connecting to the network, it is possible the base stations in your area were fully loaded at the time. With increased demand for mobile communications, additional base stations are required.
Overlapping of signals
Where reception breaks down Ideally, hexagonal cell sites in the grid would cover 100% of the city, but cell sites are in circular range and small can occur between towers
Small gaps
Where reception breaks down
Ideally, hexagonal cell sites in the grid would cover 100% of the city, but cell sites are in circular range and small can occur between towers
Dead Spots
Because cell phones rely on radio waves, geographic factors can affect signal strength, including:
Coverage System
How Does The Mobile Phone coverage works?
To maintain the efficiency, cell ideally provide reception up to the edge of the next cell site. This causes signal strength to noticeably fade the farther a user strays from the tower. More users requires more towers to be placed and less signal strength is used to cover a smaller area. The weaker signals will not be able to penetrate buildings as deep. Cell phone manufacturers will also often sacrifice transmission power for battery life, compounding reception problems.
Low-density area with fewer towers (emitting stronger signals.)
High-density area with more towers (emitting weaker signals.)
Research Phase:
The following pages of the Document contains images obtained from the sources mentioned below those images. These info graphics were been found relevant to the project.
A modern history of human communications
Cell Phones: The 7th Mass Media

Mobile is the newest and least understood form of the mass media, with as much influential power as print, television, or the Internet.
Source: www.epa.gov|www.esu-services.ch|www.usgs.gov - based on the data published on www.gsmarena.com| Year 2010
By Age and Gender

98 respondents across 4 cities
Under 18
One of every 8 users under the age of 18 rarely talks on their phone. Teenagers make optimum use of their camera The most frequent used feature of the mobile is the music player among youngsters. The least used feature is e-mail
18-24
Half of those who are aged 18-24 use an IM service daily. Podcasts are mostly ignored by this age group. Exploring new places is something people aged 18-24 do quite often.
25-32
Over 60% of users above 25 years use IM daily. the applications of map and navigation is the most commonly used features in this age group. another feature used on day to bases is the alarm clock
33-41
Nearly 90% of the people in this group make calls on a daily basis. They also send or receive the e-mail constantly.
41-50
If you are in this group, you probably know the songs since you hardly use song recognition. The organiser however is one if the most popular feature in this age group.
50+
Only one in four users engages in social networking through their handset daily. Majority of this age group use their camera once a week Audio books and mobile movie watching are not very popular amongst this age group
Male
Watching videos is more popular active amongst men Men take way more photos and videos than women. Men use digital maps and SatNav on their phones much more frequently than women.
Women
Four out of five women text daily. While another 17.3% do it too, only less regularly. Women use the special camera shooting modes (panorama, HDR etc.) Way more than men.
The Infographics displaced here are from www.gsmarena.com.

Deepak Nair| D J Academy of Design PROJECT DOCUMENT |37
Market Dynamics -Sony Ericsson

Analysis of the competitive environment
Brand Values
Our vision is to become the communication entertainment brand. We want to inspire you to do more than just communicate. We want to enable you to create and participate in entertainment experiences. Experiences that blur the lines between communication and entertainment.
Market Dynamics -Nokia

Nokia Brand Values
We are at our most innovative when we tap into peoples desire to live their dreams, releasing the courage to make the leap into the future through new and improved ways and through better understanding the world around us.
Market Dynamics -Blackberry

We are the Blackberry Boys goes the latest Vodafone-Blackberry advertisement. It starts with the image of a few suit-clad men claiming to be cool because they use BlackBerry. But soon a bunch of youngsters join the gang and start singing about chatting and surfing. The new campaign called Not just the office guys talks about how the mobile device is now a favourite with youngsters who use it for BlackBerry messenger (which is at the centre of the controversy) and social networking.The campaign also seeks to break Blackberrys only-forthe-corporate image and targets the youth who is known for heavy data usage.
Other Mobile Companies In India
CAPLIGHT Airfone Acer Phones Airnet Ajanta Mobile Airphone [AROMA Mobiles] Apple Inc. Blackberry Bleu Beetel BPL Group (BPL) Byond tech Color mobile celkon Daya Dell Digibee Mobiles eTouch Fujezone Fly Fortune S.p.Singh mobile GEEPEE Mobiles gfone G-Five Haier Hansum Mobiles Hi-Tech
htc ICube Intex Ion iNQ Karbonn Mobiles Lava Mobiles Lemon Lexus LG Logitec Magicon Maxwood Mobiles Maxx Melbon Micromax Mobile Motorola Movil Munoth Mobiles Nokia Nelson Olive Onida Orion Mobiles Orpat pagaria Philips Philiray Quantum
Rage Ray Sagem Samsung San Mobile Sansui Siemens Simoco Sony Ericsson Spice Telecom Technotouch T-Series Ultra Mobile UNITEL Usha-Lexus Vodafone Videocon Voice VOX Winncom Xcite Zen Mobiles Rk mobile ViP Mobile Rahul CAPLIGHT Wyncomm Alcatel Spice
All Thumbs
The ergonomic implications of text messaging
People are on the move, and they want their information to move with them. Theyre sending short text messages from one handheld device to another to keep themand their businesses or social relationships moving. Making information move fast is the premise behind Short Message Service (SMS), the transmission of text messages to and from a personal digital assistant (PDA), mobile phone, fax machine, or Internet protocol address. The speed of text messaging is one reason why its becoming so popular with business people because it lets them respond to colleagues and customers at lightning speed across multiple time zones. Ergonomists warn, however, that thumb typing lots of text messages on a tiny keyboard can put people at risk for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Overuse of the thumbs among children text messaging and playing video games has already prompted the American Society of Hand Therapists to issue a national alert. WebMD recently noted that some people can get up to 40 words-perminute out of their thumbs when sending text messages on wireless devices but theyre increasingly reporting pain and discomfort as a result. Text messaging, as with any tool, will require a balance between using it to further business goals and using it wisely to avoid potential health risks.
Communication under the thumbs
The more portable the devices people use to communicatecell phones, PDAs, handheld computersthe more mobile these people can be. In a development not unlike Moores Law, in which the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits doubles every 18 months, the size of these devices goes from small to smaller every few years in response to the continuing pressure for portability. SMS, which relies on a handheld device to send and receive text messages, gets an A+ for portability. However, inputting text messages requires holding the device like a video-game control and using the thumbs to tap out words on a keyboard thats usually a cross between a cell-phone keypad and a QWERTY keyboard. Messages cant be longer than 160 alphanumeric characters and cant contain images or graphics. (The close cousin of SMS, instant messaging is essentially a private chat room that lets individuals send text messages in real time over the Internet. It is less portable but easier on the thumbs since IM texters usually type on a laptops fullsize keyboard.) However, peoples thumbs havent been shrinking, although many early adopters of SMS messaging have had the advantage of smaller fingertips. According to a study by the Pew Internet & American Life Project, the most likely cell-phone texters belong to Generation Y (ages 18 to 27). Initially intended to be a paging system, texting caught on first with students in Sweden (who found it was a highly efficient way to pass notes in class) and later with teenagers in Europe and Asia (who used texting as
a cheap, fast, discreet way to stay in touch with their friends). Speed is one reason why text messaging has taken off so dramatically since the first message was sent in 1992. By 2004, the number of text messages sent worldwide reached 960 billion. Experts predict that number will reach 1.36 trillion in 2005. Many of them will be business people. Several factors, including the merging of cell-phone technology with traditional PDA capabilities, have fueled the shift in the demographic profile of the typical texter to one whos older and who communicates as much for work as for fun. SMS for business purposes began in Europe and worked its way into Asia, Australia, the Middle East, and the United States, where it is gaining momentum. According to the research and analysis company Gartner Group, 80 percent of mobile workers (defined as telecommuters, multi-site and non-office workers, and frequent business travelers) will use wireless e-mail to send text messages by 2008. This remote access is rapidly becoming essential to businesses.
Consumer|Target Audience
Mood Board
Concept Stage
Initial Sketches
How we think
The Company Product Language
Enviroment Enviroment
Beautifulul Beautif
Optimistic Optimistic
Playful l Playfu
Energetic Energetic
Beautiful
Beauty is one of the most influential factors in our design.
Optimistic
We view every project with total optimism.Our approach everything with a communicable spirit.
Energetic
We believe in the present. We approach everything with energy, enthusiasm andbring out the spirit of challenges
Playful
At the end of the day we are an entertainment comany. We belive in being playful witty enjoy our projects and ensure the users feel the same .
Environment
Being concern about our environment. we belive in creating sustainable products with a longer life cycle.
Final Concepts
Initial Renders
The following concept were short-listed on the basis of the company product language.
Concept -01
Concept -02
Concept -03
Concept -04
Concept -05
Feedback
Internally referred as C-03 and C-05, the concept 03 and 05 were preferred for further development. C-03 was found to be not feasible with the current stacking dimensions available with the company, moreover its form is more feminine and hence it can be considered for female audience in the future. C-05 has been taken forward for engineering and analysis phase and would be taken forward for production after analysing the feasibility.
Final Design
The dimension and the materials specified of the product cannot be revealed until the product launch according to the company rules.
Stacking
The stacking dimensions and/ or the part number cannot be revealed according to the company policy. The colour as shown are not part of the standard equipment.
1 3
2 4
5 6
Phone Front Panel
1 Notification LED
This LED shows a: Solid green light when the phone is connected to the power adapter or a computer and the battery is fully charged. Flashing green light when you have a pending notification. Solid red light when the battery is being charged. Flashing red light when the battery level reaches very low.
2 Earpiece
Listen to a phone call from here. People have been dreaming about video calling for decades. The phone makes it a reality. With the tap of a button, you can wave hello to your friends, share a smile from across the globe, or watch your best friend laugh at your stories
3 Front Facing Camera
4 Screen
Experience Liquid Graphics technology touch screen. Enjoy instant response times, fluid animations and a stunning display.
5 Keypad
The SEMI QWERTY keypad makes typing faster and convenient.
6 Microphone
2 3 7
Phone Top, Bottom and Back Panel
1 Power
When the phone is off, press to turn on the phone. When the phone is on and the screen is unlocked, press to turn off or on the phone display. With the screen unlocked, press and hold to open the phone options menu that lets you turn off The phone, switch your phone to silent mode, vibration mode, or air plane mode, and turn on/off the data connection.
2 Speaker 3 Camera -5 megapixel 4 Bottom Cover 5 USB connector

Connect the power adapter to charge the battery. Connect the supplied USB cable to transfer files to your phone from your computer or sync your phone with OLIVE sync on your computer. Connect a 3.5 mm stereo headset for hands-free conversation or for listening to music.
6 3.5mm audio jack
7 Volume UP and DOWN
VOLUME UP While on a call, press to increase earpiece volume. While not on a call, press to increase the ringer volume. While watching videos or listening to the FM radio, press to increase the volume. VOLUME DOWN While on a call, press to decrease earpiece volume. While not on a call, press to decrease the ringer volume. While watching videos or listening to the FM radio, press to decrease the volume.
You will find the following inside the box:

Phone USB cable AC adapter 3.5mm stereo headset Battery microSD card Quick start guide
Specifications
Specifications are subject to change without prior notice.
CPU speed Platform Memory ROM: RAM: Dimensions (LxWxT) Weight Display
600 MHz Android 2.2 with OLIVE Sense 512 MB 384 MB 114 X 60 X 14 mm 126 grams with battery 2.2-inch Liquid Graphics technology enabled touch-sensitive screen with 320 X 480 HVGA resolution Network HSPA/WCDMA: Europe/Asia: 900/2100 MHz Upload speed of up to 2 Mbps and download speed of up to 7.2 Mbps Quad-band GSM/GPRS/EDGE: 850/900/1800/1900 MHz (Band frequency, HSPA availability, and data speed are operator dependent.) Sensors: Digital compass Proximity sensor Ambient light sensor Connectivity Bluetooth 2.1 with FTP/OPP for file transfer, A2DP for wireless stereo headsets, and PBAP for phonebook access from the car kit Wi-Fi: IEEE 802.11 b/g 3.5 mm stereo audio jack Standard micro-USB (5-pin micro-USB 2.0) Camera 5 megapixel color camera with auto focus Audio supported formats Playback: .aac, .amr, .ogg, .m4a, .mid, .mp3, .wav, .wmv Recording: .amr Video supported formats Playback: .3gp, .3g2, .mp4, .wmv Recording: .3gp Battery Rechargeable Lithium-ion polymer or Lithium-ion battery Capacity: 1300 mAh Talk time Up to 440 minutes for WCDMA Up to 490 minutes for GSM Standby time: Up to 560 hours for WCDMA Up to 440 hours for GSM (The above are subject to network and phone usage.) Expansion slot microSD memory card (SD 2.0 compatible) AC adapter Voltage range/frequency: 100 ~ 240V AC, 50/60 Hz DC output: 5V and 1A Special features Friend Stream
Olive Telecommunications
Adhish
Senior Animator
Supidto
Junior CAD Engineer
Swetha
Junior Product Designer
Nachiketa Jaikishan
Senior Product Designer Design Intern
Myself
Ranadeep
Senior CAD Engineer
Sukumaran
Design Director
DJAD
Balaram Singanapalli
Industrial Designer Dean at D J Academy of Design
Acknowledgements
At Olive Telecommunications
I would like to thank Mr. Adhish Duggal, Mr. Nachiketa Charkhwal for their guidance on the project and also for the impact they created in my design life. Mr. Ranadeep Chowdary for his expertise in Pro-E and the entire staff from the Olive Telecom team for their help and support throughout the project. Mr. Sukumaran S.S, Global Design Director for giving me the opportunity, for keeping faith and closely following progress and for all the freedom.
At D J Academy of Design
A special thanks to Professor S.Balaram for his guidance and help from time to time that helped me in shaping up the project. Friends and entire DJAD family.
References
Less And More: The Design Ethos Of Dieter Rams-by Keiko Uekipolet (Editor), Klaus Klemp (Editor) Publisher: Die Gestalten Verlag; Bilingual edition (February 15, 2010) Language: English ISBN-10: 3899552776 ISBN-13: 978-3899552775
Device Upgrades And The Mobile Consumer-by Philip Sugai

ISBN-10: 3838314999 ISBN-13: 978-3-8383-1499-0
Do Good Design-by David B. Berman
Publication Date: December 18, 2008 | Edition: 1 ISBN-10: 032157320X ISBN-13: 978-0321573209
Indian Antropometric Dimensions-by Debkumar Chakrabarthi

Publication Date: 1998 ISBN 81-861-15-0
Excerpted from Strategic Mobile Design: Creating Engaging Experiences-by Joseph Cartman and Richard Ting. Report on Mobile VAS in India 2010 Childrens Use of Mobile Phones and Personal RelationshipsAn International Comparison 2010 Do Good Design
How Teens Use the Media-Neilsen Report 2009 Indian Antropometric Dimensions-by Debkumar Chakrabarthi Mobile phone usage patterns amongst university students- A
comparative study between India and USA by Sayan Chakraborty.
Atlas of Plastics Additives-by Dietrich O. Hummel Handbook of Plastics Technologies-by Charles Harper Mobile Phone Use by Young Adults in India- A Case Study by Priyanka Matanhelia Mobile Youth around the World-Nielsen Report 2010 Websites: www.concept-phones.com -Accessed from January 2011 to May 2011 www.gsmarena.com -Accessed from January 2011 to May 2011 www.flickr.com -Accessed from January 2011 to May 2011 www.ides.com(Search Engine for Plastics) -Accessed from January 2011 to May 2011 www.sonyericsson.com -Accessed from January 2011 to May 2011 www.wikipedia.com -Accessed from January 2011 to May 2011 www.historychannel.com -Accessed from January 2011 to May 2011

Communication Device For Youngsters

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Olive Telecommunication Pvt. Ltd.

Deepak Nair| D J Academy of Design